DOCSLIB.ORG

Nmg25n2: New Mexico Geological Society Spring Meeting Abs 2003

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nmg25n2: New Mexico Geological Society Spring Meeting Abs 2003 analyses of these and other stalagmites for ele- tional reconstructions over the “collapse,” iden- mental variations. Ultimately this study will tification of the last paleo-water table (base of Abstracts constrain specific relationships between physi- porosity), and circular seismic anomalies (possi- cal, mineralogical, elemental and possibly iso- bly representing deepest preserved cave devel- topic variations in speleothems and changes in opment) deeper within the platform suggest effective precipitation. several periods of exposure in which the El Abra New Mexico Geological Society reef was sub-aerially exposed to altitudes of sev- spring meeting eral thousand feet. The Santa Agueda field 3-D seismic survey and interpretation was the first The New Mexico Geological Society annu- TIMING OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE acquisition and mapping along the western al spring meeting was held on April 11, SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES edge of the Faja de Oro atoll. Special thanks to 2003, at New Mexico Institute of Mining AROUND THE YOUNGER DRYAS, by Vic- PEMEX Exploration-Alfredo Guzman for per- and Technology, Socorro. Following are the tor J. Polyak, [email protected], Jessica B. T. Ras- mission to present this work. abstracts from all sessions given at that mussen, and Yemane Asmerom, Department of meeting. Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 ROLE OF EVAPORITE KARST IN REGION- Session 1—Caves and karst p. 41 Speleothem growth in moisture-limited regions, AL GROUND WATER CIRCULATION IN Session 2—Paleontology p. 43 such as the Guadalupe Mountains, New Mexi- THE LOWER PECOS VALLEY, by Lewis A. Session 3—Sedimentology/stratigraphy p. 45 co, is a good indicator of past regimes of effec- Land, New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources CEMRC, 1400 University Session 4—Hydrogeology p. 46 tive precipitation. Although the Holocene is seen as a dry period in the southwestern United Dr., Carlsbad, NM 88220 Session 5—Volcanology/structure/geophysics p. 46 States, periods of stalagmite growth are helping Natural ground water discharge occurs from a Poster sessions, morning to resolve the wetter episodes from the drier series of cenotes, or sinkhole lakes, along the Sedimentology and stratigraphy p. 47 ones. The Pleistocene–Holocene transition, an east side of the Pecos River floodplain at Bot- Structure and tectonics p. 50 important and interesting period in the south- tomless Lakes State Park, Chaves County, New Hydrogeology p. 51 western United States, coincides with the Mexico. The lakes are fed by submarine spring Younger Dryas event, best-documented early discharge from the underlying San Andres arte- Soils and CO2 p. 51 human colonization, and extinction of some sian aquifer, which has caused subsurface disso- Poster sessions, afternoon important megafauna. Six columnar stalagmites lution and collapse of overlying gypsum and Paleontology p. 51 from three caves in the Guadalupe Mountains mudstones of the Artesia Group. The lakes are Archaeology p. 55 show growth beginning near the start of the unique in that they occur in a semi-desert set- Caves and karst p. 55 Younger Dryas and ending abruptly in the earli- ting, where annual evaporation rates exceed est Holocene. This period of growth reflects mean annual precipitation by a factor of seven Author and subject indices p. 56 overall wetter conditions for the southwestern or more. An increase in spring discharge at Lea United States from about 12,500 years ago to no Lake in recent years reflects the combined SESSION 1—CAVES AND KARST later than 10,500 years ago. Lack of, or less sta- effects of rising water levels in the artesian lagmite growth from about 14,000 to 12,500 aquifer and enhanced spring flow because of CLIMATE VARIABILITY DURING THE years ago indicates somewhat drier conditions mass wasting processes along the steep eastern LATE HOLOCENE IN THE SOUTHWEST during this interval. Growth hiatuses show the margin of the lake. Although the Bottomless UNITED STATES FROM HIGH-RESOLU- onset of distinctly drier conditions around Lakes cenotes formed before European settle- TION SPELEOTHEM DATA, by Jessica B. T. 11,000 years ago with no growth represented ment in New Mexico, catastrophic solution col- Rasmussen, [email protected], Victor J. Polyak, after 10,500 years ago. The climate remained sig- lapse and sinkhole formation remain active and Yemane Asmerom, Department of Earth nificantly drier until the late Holocene. The peri- processes along this portion of the lower Pecos. and Planetary Sciences, University of New od of most significant growth started during Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 and extended a millennium beyond the Younger Dryas event. We conclude that, although overall The effort to constrain past climate change wetter conditions prevailed during the Pleis- HIGH-RESOLUTION DIGITAL TOPO- depends on the availability of high-resolution tocene–Holocene transition, there is a lack of GRAPHIC MODELS OF SPELEOTHEMS records. This is especially true in continents, synchroneity between the Younger Dryas event OBTAINED FROM A 3-D LASER SCAN- where datable material is scarce. Annual growth and effective precipitation in the southwestern NING SURVEY, by Seiichi Nagihara, banding has been shown to occur in some United States. [email protected], Department of Geo- speleothems; this, combined with U-Th ages sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX that have an uncertainty of around 25 yrs (2- 79409 sigma) in clean Holocene samples, suggests that speleothems have the potential to provide A detailed three-dimensional topographic map THE CAVES OF FAJA DE ORO, by Dan M. Cox, robust, quantitative climate data. In moisture- of the interior of a natural cavern, if available, 1402 Hidden Terrace Dr., Sugar Land TX 77479 limited regions, such as the southwestern U.S., would be very useful in understanding its geo- stalagmite growth and growth hiatuses, annual Seismic interpretation of the Santa Agueda field morphic development. However, obtaining band thickness, and mineralogical, elemental, 3-D survey reveals a complex history of repeat- such a map is extremely difficult and time-con- and isotopic variations in speleothems can be ed exposures of the Lower Cretaceous El Abra suming, if one simply relies on conventional used as a record of regional effective moisture. reef front, along the western edge of the Faja de surveying techniques. Here we test the feasibili- From stalagmite growth in the Guadalupe Oro atoll. The highest primary porosity is found ty of using a 3-D laser scanner to quickly gener- Mountains of New Mexico, this region is shown within the back-reef debris apron. This deposi- ate high-resolution topographic models of the to have experienced greater than present-day tional facies tract subsequently controlled per- interior of a cavern. A 3-D laser scanner is a type moisture beginning ~4 ka, specifically between meability pathways that lead to cavernous sec- of land-based LIDAR (LIght Detection And ~3 ka and 0.8 ka, following a dry middle ondary porosity development. Repeated sub- Ranging) instrument. It sweeps the surrounding Holocene. From the annual band thickness of aerial exposure resulted in this cave system environment with optical rays. The rays pro- multiple stalagmites, an indicator for growth reaching late stage maturity with the “collapse” duce reflections when they encounter solid rate, this region experienced distinct wet and of the largest caverns. Within this readily map- objects. The instrument records the angle of each dry events over this time period; for instance pable “collapse” zone all remnants of cavernous ray and measures the two-way travel time of the wet events (intervals of increased growth rate) porosity are filled with cave breccias, syn- and corresponding reflection. The survey data can are observed at 2.8 and 2.0 ka, and a dry event post-exposure Tertiary clastics. Along the east- be displayed on a computer screen as a cloud of (hiatus) between 0.7 and 0.45 ka. A wet interval ern edge of the “collapse,” there are preserved reflection points that delineate the geometrical is also observed between 0.46 and 0.17 ka, corre- lesser caverns as the original higher porosity shape of the scanned objects. Individual reflec- lating to the Little Ice Age. Calibration of the and permeability facies that controlled subse- tion points can be spaced within 1 cm from one speleothem record to the historical climate quent cave development pinched out into the another. Here we report data from a 3-D scan- record is currently in progress, along with mud-rich lagoonal facies. Structural and deposi- ning survey conducted in the Big Room of the May 2003, Volume 25, Number 2 NEW MEXICO GEOLOGY 41 Carlsbad Cavern. Almost 8 million reflection those of hydrothermal pyrite (-23‰), consistent induced sinkholes, caves), lowering of the points were recorded in the vicinity of a flow- with cave formation during ore deposition. The ground water (locally resulting in subsidence), stone feature called “Frozen Niagara Falls” dur- aqueous sulfate that formed jarosite and some of contamination of ground water (i.e. waste water ing an overnight experiment. Later, we con- the primary gypsum was likely derived from discharge, acid mine drainage), and changing structed a continuous, 3-D surface model of the the oxidation of isotopically light H2S. Some of ground-water flow patterns (including increased flowstone by interpolating the point cloud. the later cave-fill gypsum at Hansonburg has mine water drainage). However, the effects of high δ34S values (6.5 to 13.9‰) indicating aque- mining in karst in New Mexico are poorly docu- ous sulfate derivation from the overlying Permi- mented. Future production of these resources an formations. can be accomplished with no significant impacts SULFUR REDOX REACTIONS: HYDROCAR- The cave at the Copiapo deposit in the North to the environment, if done carefully with a com- BONS, NATIVE SULFUR, MISSISSIPPI Franklin district is unmineralized and is located plete understanding of the geology.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GEOLOGIC MAP of the GREATER DENVER AREA, FRONT RANGE URBAN CORRIDOR, COLORADO by Donald E
    U.S DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MISCELLANEOUS INVESTIGATIONS SERIES I–856–H U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Version 1.1 105°22'30" 105°15' 105°7'30" 105°0' 104°52'30" 104°45' 104°37'30" 40¡0’ 40°0' Qs Qv Ql Qes DESCRIPTION OF MAP UNITS Qco Qp Qlo Kp Qp Kp Kl Kl Qb TKda Ysp Qes Kf Qb Qp Qco Qv Xbc Kp Qb Qes Qp POST-PINEY CREEK AND PINEY CREEK ALLUVIUM (UPPER HOLOCENE) Kl Qes Qes Qco Qlo Qs Qlo Kp Kl Qb Qrf Qls Kf Ql Ysp TKd Qs Qco COLLUVIUM (UPPER HOLOCENE) Xbc Qp Qv Ysp Qp Qb Kl Qv Qes PPf Qp Qco Qco Qrf Kp Qs Qls Qs LANDSLIDE DEPOSITS (HOLOCENE TO MIDDLE? PLEISTOCENE) Qs Qv Kl Qb Qp JPml Kl Qrf Qco Qs Qco Qv Qp Qes WINDBLOWN SAND (LOWER HOLOCENE TO UPPER PLEISTOCENE) Qv Ql TKd Ql Qes Kd Qv Kp Kl Qes Qco River Qco Qp Kf Ql TKda YXp TKda Kl TKda TKd Qs Xbc Qrf Qv Qp Qb Qb BROADWAY ALLUVIUM (UPPER PLEISTOCENE) Qp Qco Qs Qco Qlo Qco Ql Qp Qes Kf Ql Qco Qp Qv Qs Qrf Ql LOESS (UPPER PLEISTOCENE) Qrf Qs Qlo Kf Qs Qco Qco Qp Qes Qp Qco Qp TKd Qb Qco Qlo Qes LOUVIERS ALLUVIUM (UPPER PLEISTOCENE) Xbc Kf Kp Ql Qs Qrf Marshall Qv Qb Ql Kl TKda Qes Qs Kl Lake Qv Qs SLOCUM ALLUVIUM (PLEISTOCENE) Qv Ql Qco JPml Ql Qco PPf Qv Qs Kl Qs Qco Qv Qco Kn Qv Qs Qs Kp Qrf Qb Qb Barr Lake Kcgg Qv VERDOS ALLUVIUM (PLEISTOCENE) Qs Qrf Qco Ql TKda Qlo Qp Qs TKda Qp Ql TKda Xqm Qlo Qrf Qs Qs Qs ROCKY FLATS ALLUVIUM (PLEISTOCENE) Qp Xq Kd Kf Qco Qp Qco Qb Kl Kp Qco Platte Qlo Qb Qrf Qs Qn Qls Qco NUSSBAUM ALLUVIUM (PLEISTOCENE) Kp Qco Qp Xbc TKd Qrf Qrf Qv Qco Tg Qv Qv HIGH-LEVEL GRAVEL DEPOSITS (PLIOCENE TO OLIGOCENE) Xbc Qp PPf Qb TKd Qb Qv TKda JPml Qv Ql Tcr CASTLE ROCK
    [Show full text]
  • CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY Ijst the ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION1
    BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA V o l..¿5, pp. 325-340 September 15, 1914 PROCEEDINGS OF THE PALEONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY IjST THE ROCKY MOUNTAIN REGION1 BY P. H . KNOWLTON (Presented before the Paleontological Society December 31, 1913) CONTENTS Page Introduction........................................................................................................... 325 Stratigraphic evidence........................................................................................ 325 Paleobotanical evidence...................................................................................... 331 Diastrophic evidence........................................................................................... 334 The European time scale.................................................................................. 335 Vertebrate evidence............................................................................................ 337 Invertebrate evidence.......................................................................................... 339 Conclusions............................................................................................................ 340 I ntroduction The thesis of this paper is as follows: It is proposed to show that the dinosaur-bearing beds known as “Ceratops beds,” “Lance Creek bieds,” Lance formation, “Hell Creek beds,” “Somber beds,” “Lower Fort Union,”- Laramie of many writers, “Upper Laramie,” Arapahoe, Denver, Dawson, and their equivalents, are above a major
    [Show full text]
  • The Geology of New Mexico As Understood in 1912: an Essay for the Centennial of New Mexico Statehood Part 2 Barry S
    Celebrating New Mexico's Centennial The geology of New Mexico as understood in 1912: an essay for the centennial of New Mexico statehood Part 2 Barry S. Kues, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, [email protected] Introduction he first part of this contribution, presented in the February Here I first discuss contemporary ideas on two fundamental areas 2012 issue of New Mexico Geology, laid the groundwork for an of geologic thought—the accurate dating of rocks and the move- exploration of what geologists knew or surmised about the ment of continents through time—that were at the beginning of Tgeology of New Mexico as the territory transitioned into statehood paradigm shifts around 1912. Then I explore research trends and in 1912. Part 1 included an overview of the demographic, economic, the developing state of knowledge in stratigraphy and paleontol- social, cultural, and technological attributes of New Mexico and its ogy, two disciplines of geology that were essential in understand- people a century ago, and a discussion of important individuals, ing New Mexico’s rock record (some 84% of New Mexico’s surface institutions, and areas and methods of research—the geologic envi- area is covered by sediments or sedimentary rocks) and which were ronment, so to speak—that existed in the new state at that time. advancing rapidly through the first decade of the 20th century. The geologic time scale and age of rocks The geologic time scale familiar to geologists working in New The USGS did not adopt the Paleocene as the earliest epoch of the Mexico in 1912 was not greatly different from that used by modern Cenozoic until 1939.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis and Correlation of Growth
    ANALYSIS AND CORRELATION OF GROWTH STRATA OF THE CRETACEOUS TO PALEOCENE LOWER DAWSON FORMATION: INSIGHT INTO THE TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHIC EVOLUTION OF THE COLORADO FRONT RANGE by Korey Tae Harvey A thesis submitted to the Faculty and Board of Trustees of the Colorado School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Geology). Golden, Colorado Date __________________________ Signed: ________________________ Korey Harvey Signed: ________________________ Dr. Jennifer Aschoff Thesis Advisor Golden, Colorado Date ___________________________ Signed: _________________________ Dr. Paul Santi Professor and Head Department of Geology and Geological Engineering ii ABSTRACT Despite numerous studies of Laramide-style (i.e., basement-cored) structures, their 4-dimensional structural evolution and relationship to adjacent sedimentary basins are not well understood. Analysis and correlation of growth strata along the eastern Colorado Front Range (CFR) help decipher the along-strike linkage of thrust structures and their affect on sediment dispersal. Growth strata, and the syntectonic unconformities within them, record the relative roles of uplift and deposition through time; when mapped along-strike, they provide insight into the location and geometry of structures through time. This paper presents an integrated structural- stratigraphic analysis and correlation of three growth-strata assemblages within the fluvial and fluvial megafan deposits of the lowermost Cretaceous to Paleocene Dawson Formation on the eastern CFR between Colorado Springs, CO and Sedalia, CO. Structural attitudes from 12 stratigraphic profiles at the three locales record dip discordances that highlight syntectonic unconformities within the growth strata packages. Eight traditional-type syntectonic unconformities were correlated along-strike of the eastern CFR distinguish six phases of uplift in the central portion of the CFR.
    [Show full text]
  • LA BREA TAR PITS Name______
    LA BREA TAR PITS Name_________________________ Please answer the following questions about the La Brea Tar Pits (George C. Page) Museum. The answers for these questions will be found inside the museum. Just after entering the museum, there is a movie theater. Go catch the movie (it is short), and write any five important facts from this movie. Name of movie_________________ F1: F2: F3: F4: F5: 1. How old is this deposit of tar? Era_______________ Period_______________ Epoch_______________ 2. Describe how “tar” traps animal and planet life. 3. Who was Glossotherium harlani? How big did it get? 4. What kind of human bones have been found at La Brea? How old are these bones? How old was the human when he or she died? 5. What was Smilodon californicus? What were its eating habits? 6. At La Brea, they found at least 159 skeletons of what large plant eater? 7. What was Mammuthus columbi? How big was it? 8. Who is Bison antiquus? How many skeletons of this critter did they find? How do they compare to the modern Bison? 9. Who was Mammoth americanum? To which modern day critter are they related? 10. Who was Capromeryx minor? 11. The “wall of jaws” is an awesome display of the jaws of what critter? What did they eat? Why do you think so many got stuck in the tar? 12. Who’s bigger, the American Lion or the California Saber Tooth Cat? Compare their sizes. 13. What was Equus occidentalis? What modern day animal is it related to? 14. How many different species of dinosaurs have been found in the tar pits? Why? 15.
    [Show full text]
  • Ppsad~A. Calif~Ia. ' 1 Corit1'ibut!On No
    ' . With two ~figures ' .. ,, , [RepriD.ted from Ca.rnegie Institution of W~n Pu'blicatioJl No. 4<K Pag~ 4$> to 53. Iseub~ AugJst, 1930] I ' I Balth{(iraduqte 1 Scfw~l of tM G'f.l.ogic~l S'*"'­ Cqlifornif.i rlnstitilte of Tedinol.off - Ppsad~a. Calif~ia. ' 1 Corit1'ibut!on No.,. ,a g· 1 I v CAPROMERYX MINOR TAYLOR FROM THE McKITTRICK PLEISTOCENE, CALIFORNIA By EUSTACE L. Fum.oNG With two text-figures 49 CAPROMERYX MINOR TAYLOR FROM THE McKITTRICK PLEISTOCENE, CALIFORNIA INTRODUCTION The occurrence of a Pleistocene vertebrate fauna in an e.sphalt deposit near McKittrick, California, has been reported by J. C. Merriam and C. Stock. Since the publication of the provisional list of mammals from this locality, several types new to the assemb­ lage have been discovered in the deposit. Among these should be recorded the small antilocaprid, Capromeryx minor. This species occurs here in association with the prong-horn antelope Antilocapra. Three species of the genus Capromeryx are now known from the Pleistocene of North America. The type, C. furcifer, was described by Matthew 1 from Hay Springs, Nebraska. C. minor Taylor 2 occurs at Rancho La Brea, and C. mexicana Furlong 8 is recorded from Tequixquiac, Mexico. The occurrence of C. minor at McKittrick extends the range of this species during the Pleistocene from the Los Angeles basin to the Great Valley of California. Members of the family Antilocapridre are apparently sparsely represented in the McKittrick fauna, as only one individual of Capromeryx has been found, while several individuals of Antilocapra are known to occur.
    [Show full text]
  • Carnegie Institution of Washington Monograph Series
    BTILL UMI Carnegie Institution of Washington Monograph Series BT ILL UMI 1 The Carnegie Institution of Washington, D. C. 1902. Octavo, 16 pp. 2 The Carnegie Institution of Washington, D. C. Articles of Incorporation, Deed of Trust, etc. 1902. Octavo, 15 pp. 3 The Carnegie Institution of Washington, D. C. Proceedings of the Board of Trustees, January, 1902. 1902. Octavo, 15 pp. 4 CONARD, HENRY S. The Waterlilies: A Monograph of the Genus Nymphaea. 1905. Quarto, [1] + xiii + 279 pp., 30 pls., 82 figs. 5 BURNHAM, S. W. A General Catalogue of Double Stars within 121° of the North Pole. 1906. Quarto. Part I. The Catalogue. pp. [2] + lv + 1–256r. Part II. Notes to the Catalogue. pp. viii + 257–1086. 6 COVILLE, FREDERICK VERNON, and DANIEL TREMBLY MACDOUGAL. Desert Botani- cal Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution. 1903. Octavo, vi + 58 pp., 29 pls., 4 figs. 7 RICHARDS, THEODORE WILLIAM, and WILFRED NEWSOME STULL. New Method for Determining Compressibility. 1903. Octavo, 45 pp., 5 figs. 8 FARLOW, WILLIAM G. Bibliographical Index of North American Fungi. Vol. 1, Part 1. Abrothallus to Badhamia. 1905. Octavo, xxxv + 312 pp. 9 HILL, GEORGE WILLIAM, The Collected Mathematical Works of. Quarto. Vol. I. With introduction by H. POINCARÉ. 1905. xix + 363 pp. +errata, frontispiece. Vol. II. 1906. vii + 339 pp. + errata. Vol. III. 1906. iv + 577 pp. Vol. IV. 1907. vi + 460 pp. 10 NEWCOMB, SIMON. On the Position of the Galactic and Other Principal Planes toward Which the Stars Tend to Crowd. (Contributions to Stellar Statistics, First Paper.) 1904. Quarto, ii + 32 pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Paper
    1 Early Paleocene Magnetostratigraphy and Revised Biostratigraphy of the 2 Ojo Alamo Sandstone and Lower Nacimiento Formation, San Juan 3 Basin, New Mexico, USA 4 5 Andrew G. Flynn1*, Adam J. Davis1,2, Thomas E. Williamson3, Matthew Heizler4, C. William 6 Fenley IV1, Caitlin E. Leslie1, Ross Secord5, Stephen L. Brusatte6, and Daniel J. Peppe1* 7 1Terrestrial Paleoclimate Research Group, Department of Geosciences, Baylor University, Waco, 8 Texas, 76706, USA; *Corresponding authors: [email protected]; 9 [email protected] 10 2Wood PLC, Novi, Michigan, 48377, USA 11 3New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87104, USA 12 4New Mexico Bureau of Geology & Mineral Resources, New Mexico Tech, Socorro, New 13 Mexico, USA, 87801 14 5Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences and University of Nebraska State Museum, 15 University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, 68588, USA 16 6School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute, James Hutton Road, 17 Edinburgh EH9 3FE, UK 18 Page 1 of 78 19 ABSTRACT 20 The lower Paleocene Ojo Alamo Sandstone and Nacimiento Formation from the San Juan Basin 21 (SJB) in northwestern New Mexico preserve arguably the best early Paleocene mammalian 22 record in North America and is the type location for the Puercan (Pu) and Torrejonian (To) North 23 American Land Mammal ages (NALMA). However, the lack of precise depositional age 24 constraints for the Ojo Alamo Sandstone and lower Nacimiento Formation has hindered our 25 understanding of the timing and pacing of mammalian community change in the SJB following 26 the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction. Here we produced a high-resolution age model for 27 the Ojo Alamo Sandstone and lower Nacimiento Formation combining magnetostratigraphy and 28 40Ar/39Ar geochronology spanning the first ~3.5 Myr of the Paleocene.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologic Characterization 111 Date 7/31/91 List of Appendices
    Characterization GEOLOGIC Prepared by ? TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION ....................................... 1 1.1 Purpose ........................................... 1 1.2 Scope of Characterization .............................. 1 1.2.1 Literature Search .... ........................... 1 1.2.2 Core Processing and Description ..................... 2 1.2.3 Reprocessing of Seismic Data ........................ 2 1.2.4 Grain Size Analysis .............................. 2 1.2.5 Geologic Report ................................ 3 1.3 Location and General Setting ...., ........................ 3 1.4 Previous Studies ...................................... 5 2.0 STRATIGRAPHY ....................................... 7 Precambrian ......................................... 2.1 7 2.2 Paleozoic And Mesozoic Sedimentary Section ................ 2.2.1 Fountain Formation (PennsylvanianPermian) ............ 7 2.2.2 Lyons Sandstone Formation (Permian) ................ 7 2.2.3 Lykins Formation (PermianrTriassic) ................. 10 2.2.4 Ralston Creek Formation (Jiurassic) .................. 10 2.2.5 Momson Formation (Jurassic) ...................... 10 2.2.6 Dakota Group (Lower Cretaceous) ................... 10 2.2.7 Benton Shale Formation (Lower/Upper Cretaceous) ....... 11 2.2.8 Niobrara Formation (Upper Cretaceous) ............... 11 2.2.9 Pierre Shale Formation (Upper Cretaceous) ............. 11 2.2.10 Fox Hills Sandstone Formation (Upper Cretaceous) ....... 12 2.2.1 1 Laramie Formation (Upper Cretaceous) ............... 12 2.2.12
    [Show full text]
  • LA BREA TAR PITS Name______F16 Please Answer the Following Questions About the La Brea Tar Pits (George C
    LA BREA TAR PITS Name_________________________ F16 Please answer the following questions about the La Brea Tar Pits (George C. Page) Museum. The answers for these questions will be found inside the museum. 1. How old is this deposit of tar? You may need to look this up in your textbook… Era_______________ Period_______________ Epoch_______________ 2. Describe how “tar” traps animal and planet life. 3. Who was Glossotherium harlani? How big did it get? 4. What kind of human bones have been found at La Brea? How old are these bones? How old was the human when he or she died? 5. What was Smilodon californicus? What were its eating habits? 6. At La Brea, they found at least 159 skeletons of what large plant eater? 7. What was Mammuthus columbi? How big was it? 8. Who is Bison antiquus? How many skeletons of this critter did they find? How do they compare to the modern Bison? 9. Who was Mammoth americanum? To which modern day critter are they related? 10. Who was Capromeryx minor? 11. The “wall of jaws” is an awesome display of the jaws of what critter? What did they eat? Why do you think so many got stuck in the tar? 12. What types of plants are fossilized here in La Brea? Give the scientific name and common name for at least three: Scientific Name Common Name __________________________ ________________________ __________________________ ________________________ __________________________ ________________________ 13. What is the American Lion’s new name? Who is bigger, this one or the California Saber Tooth Cat? 14. What was Equus occidentalis? What modern day animal is it related to? 15.
    [Show full text]
  • Italic Page Numbers Indicate Major References]
    Index [Italic page numbers indicate major references] Abbott Formation, 411 379 Bear River Formation, 163 Abo Formation, 281, 282, 286, 302 seismicity, 22 Bear Springs Formation, 315 Absaroka Mountains, 111 Appalachian Orogen, 5, 9, 13, 28 Bearpaw cyclothem, 80 Absaroka sequence, 37, 44, 50, 186, Appalachian Plateau, 9, 427 Bearpaw Mountains, 111 191,233,251, 275, 377, 378, Appalachian Province, 28 Beartooth Mountains, 201, 203 383, 409 Appalachian Ridge, 427 Beartooth shelf, 92, 94 Absaroka thrust fault, 158, 159 Appalachian Shelf, 32 Beartooth uplift, 92, 110, 114 Acadian orogen, 403, 452 Appalachian Trough, 460 Beaver Creek thrust fault, 157 Adaville Formation, 164 Appalachian Valley, 427 Beaver Island, 366 Adirondack Mountains, 6, 433 Araby Formation, 435 Beaverhead Group, 101, 104 Admire Group, 325 Arapahoe Formation, 189 Bedford Shale, 376 Agate Creek fault, 123, 182 Arapien Shale, 71, 73, 74 Beekmantown Group, 440, 445 Alabama, 36, 427,471 Arbuckle anticline, 327, 329, 331 Belden Shale, 57, 123, 127 Alacran Mountain Formation, 283 Arbuckle Group, 186, 269 Bell Canyon Formation, 287 Alamosa Formation, 169, 170 Arbuckle Mountains, 309, 310, 312, Bell Creek oil field, Montana, 81 Alaska Bench Limestone, 93 328 Bell Ranch Formation, 72, 73 Alberta shelf, 92, 94 Arbuckle Uplift, 11, 37, 318, 324 Bell Shale, 375 Albion-Scioio oil field, Michigan, Archean rocks, 5, 49, 225 Belle Fourche River, 207 373 Archeolithoporella, 283 Belt Island complex, 97, 98 Albuquerque Basin, 111, 165, 167, Ardmore Basin, 11, 37, 307, 308, Belt Supergroup, 28, 53 168, 169 309, 317, 318, 326, 347 Bend Arch, 262, 275, 277, 290, 346, Algonquin Arch, 361 Arikaree Formation, 165, 190 347 Alibates Bed, 326 Arizona, 19, 43, 44, S3, 67.
    [Show full text]
  • Quaternary Vertebrates of New Mexico
    Vertebrate Paleontology in New Mexico. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, Bulletin 2, 1993 179 QUATERNARY VERTEBRATES OF NEW MEXICO ARTHUR H. HARRIS Laboratory for Environmental Biology, University of Texas at El Paso. El Paso, TX 79968—0519 Abstract—Approximately 346 species of vertebrates are represented in the Quaternary fossil record of New Mexico. These include 4 fishes, I salamander, 13 anurans, 5 turtles, 19 lizards, 23 snakes, 119 birds, and 162 mammals. Some 22 taxa are from the vicinity of the Blancan/Irvingtonian transition, 12 most likely are Irvingtonian, and 4 are possibly Illinoian in age. Although many sites are undated with precision, most remaining sites probably are Wisconsinan, with well over 300 taxa. INTRODUCTION omitted, particularly those from the archaeological literature, this list Although Quaternary vertebrate fossils have long been known from provides a starting point. Documentation of occurrence necessarily is New Mexico, there never has been a comprehensive list for the state. limited because of the immense number of taxa represented from the Existence of such a database would greatly simplify research in paleo- state coupled with space limitations for publication. Work in progress biology and add depth to studies of modern biogeography and syste- eventually should alleviate this situation. matics. This paper attempts to establish such a database by bringing The references include a large proportion of the primary and important together published records for the state and adding unpublished records secondary literature, but the aim has been to allow entry into the lit- represented in the collections of the Laboratory for Environmental Bi- erature rather than to provide an exhaustive bibliography.
    [Show full text]