INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY 154 AUTUMN NEWS 2010 THE BULLETIN OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY FREE TO MEMBERS OF AIA

Normandy G AIA Restoration Grants G letters G country house technology Staffordshire’s world history G Haiti survivor G regional news G publications Upper Normandy

A Heritage of Industry trip for AIA members two-way trade with Algeria was the export of travelled to France on 19 -23 April 2010. The wheat and the import of wine which is largely programme was designed by Sue Hayton, used to blend with French wines to raise the INDUSTRIAL although unfortunately she was unable to be alcohol content. The spectacular modern lift with us, so Dan Hayton did an excellent job as a bridge, the Pont Gustave Flaubert - named after ARCHAEOLOGY stand-in. Sue was in London to welcome us (and Rouen’s famous author, was built to allow ocean Dan) home and to receive our thanks for a going vessels access to the city quays. It is a NEWS 154 successful trip. distinctive landmark. Sadly cruise ships do not Autumn 2010 pass under it; the operators being frightened of Richard Hartree ship ‘kidnapping’ by breakdowns or strikes! Honorary President Following this tour during which we were Prof Angus Buchanan 13 Hensley Road, Bath BA2 2DR There was some delay at Dover because of the rather overwhelmed by the scale of things we Chairman additional traffic arising from the closure of UK went to the valley of the River Cailly on the right Tony Crosby airspace. Our base for the first three nights was to bank. In the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries 261 Stansted Road, Bishop’s Stortford, Hertfordshire CM23 2BT be Rouen, the regional capital, on the River Seine this became a major centre of the textile industry Vice-Chairman and the upstream limit of the Port of Rouen which and was known as ‘la petite Manchester’ (as a Mark Sissons extends 120km along the river to Honfleur at its Mancunian I had trouble seeing the connection). 33 Burgate, Pickering, North Yorkshire YO18 7AU Secretary mouth. We arrived at our hotel in time for dinner, We soon found out that we were in a small Barry Hood which many of us took out-of-doors in the Vieux French town seemingly ‘sans restaurant’ at lunch 9 Kennerty Park, Peterculter, Aberdeen AB14 0LE Marche; the historic sites of Rouen had to be seen time. Persistent searching revealed a bar, so all Treasurer Bruce Hedge as well as the industrial. was well! The purpose of our visit was to see the 7 Clement Close, Wantage, Oxfordshire OX12 7ED On Tuesday morning our visit was first to the Musée Industriel de la Corderie Vallois. The IA Review Editor Port Autonome de Rouen Capitainerie (the Port building is an 1822 cotton mill that now houses Dr David Gwyn Nant y Felin, Llanllyfni Road, Pen y Groes, Authority head office) where we learnt about the machinery making braided and plaited textile Caernarfon LL54 6LY four sets of major port facilities along the 120km products. The machinery is driven by a water IA News Editor Dr Peter Stanier from the sea: Honfleur, Port-Jérme, Radicatel, wheel and we saw the various machines 49 Breach Lane, Shaftesbury, Dorset SP7 8LF Saint-Wandrille near Caudebec en-Caux, and operating and explained in French, with Dan’s Affiliated Societies Officer Rouen itself. Rouen is by far the largest. These translation service. It is a good museum and a Christine Ball 75 Banner Cross Road, Sheffield S11 9HQ make up the fifth largest port of France (Le Havre, very interesting place to have visited. Conference Secretary just outside the mouth of the Seine, is the fourth Going further up the valley we reached the John McGuinness largest). Rouen and the Seine have formed an town of Montville where we visited the ‘Musée 29 Altwood Road, Maidenhead SL6 4PB Endangered Sites Officer important trade route since Roman times. We des Sapeurs-Pompiers de France’. It had a truly Dr Mike Nevell then had an extensive coach tour of the port impressive collection of all things related to fire University of Salford, Greater Manchester M5 4WT facilities on the left bank in Rouen, such as fighting, from a 1772 hand pump to a late Librarian and Archivist John Powell specialist facilities for a wide range of bulk twentieth century 36m extended ladder engine. c/o IGMT, Ironbridge, Telford, Shropshire TF8 7DQ cargoes, including the inevitable containers, and a The automobile builder Delahaye was much in Publicity Officer small landing point for cruise ships which visit in evidence, also Citroen, Renault and Hotchkiss. Roy Murphy 3 Wellington Road, Ombersley, Worcestershire WR9 0DZ the summer. A remarkable architectural feature is Many grand uniforms and plumed helmets, even Recording Awards Officer the waste incinerator cum electricity generating the uniform for the ‘cafétiere’, a lady who served Dr Victoria Beauchamp 3 Parsonage Court, Parsonage Crescent, Walkley, station shaped to look like an ocean liner with coffee, calvados or eau de vie to the men a major Sheffield S6 5BJ three chimneys à la Normandie. An interesting fires! A fine collection and fun in its way, as long Sales Officer Roger Ford Barn Cottage, Bridge Street, Bridgnorth WV15 6AF Council Members David Alderton (Heritage Link) Chris Barney Mike Bone Dr Robert Carr (BA Awards) Dr Paul Collins (Partnerships) Steve Dewhirst Helen Gomersall (co-editor IA Review) David Lyne (Conservation Award) Michael Messenger (Website manager) Stephen Miles (Conference bookings) Prof Marilyn Palmer Amber Patrick Paul Saulter (Overseas trips) Mark Watson (TICCIH GB National Rep) Ian West (Health & Safety) Honorary Vice-Presidents Sir Neil Cossons Prof John Hume Stuart B. Smith Liaison Officer David de Haan and Anne Lowes (assistant), AIA Liaison Office, The Ironbridge Institute, Ironbridge Gorge Museum, Coalbrookdale, Telford TF8 7DX. Tel: 01325 359846. E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.industrial-archaeology.org

COVER PICTURE A demonstration at the Musée Industriel de la Corderie Vallois (see this page) An ocean liner? The remarkable design of the waste incinerator and electricity generating station at Rouen Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010 Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010

2—INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 An impressive line up of fire fighting vehicles in the Musée des Sapeurs-Pompiers de France, Montville Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010

Rouen’s modern lift bridge, the Pont Gustave Flaubert, is a distinctive landmark Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010 as you stand all the RED. This day was followed by another visit to the old town for dinner in Rouen, in a restaurant named ‘Paul’; for us, after Paul Saulter. The next morning we went to see the Barentin Viaduct, a very impressive 27 arch brick structure, 100 ft high and 600 yards long, designed by Joseph Locke and built by Thomas Brassey in 1846. It collapsed soon after its initial completion. The reason is not known for certain, but Brassey rebuilt it at his own expense. Near one of the arches is a statue of Locke erected by the people of Barentin; a copy of the original by Marochetti in Barnsley, Locke’s home town. At the other end is a memorial to Pope Clement VI and a nice little chapel to Saint Helène, altogether an interesting place to look around. Then a visit to the Musée Maritime, Fluvial et Grain silos and shipping at the port of Rouen Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010 Portuaire de Rouen. It is a private museum and reliant on its own efforts to make it viable. There are interesting displays about the history of the port at Rouen itself, about the problems of navigating large ocean going ships up to the quays at Rouen today. I was drawn to one about the ships which were used to bring nickel from the French colony of New Caledonia. In 1911 a five-masted sailing ship (with diesel auxiliaries) was built in Rouen for this trade. She must have been one of the last such sailing vessels to be built. We were able to visit the restoration workshops where a wide variety of wooden ships were being worked on, from a rowing skiff to a large yawl which had suffered machine gun damage during WWII. This was a good museum which we felt worthy of support from the Port Authority. That afternoon we were free to visit Rouen as we wished. It was known that there was an interesting stationary steam engine at a water The great Barentin Viaduct, designed by Joseph Locke and originally built by Thomas Brassey in 1846. It was rebuilt after treatment plant ‘de la Jatte’. A group of eight set an early collapse Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —3 Mechanism of the medieval Gros Holorge (Great Clock) in Rouen Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010 One of two beam engines made by Windsor et Fils of Rouen seen by some members of the party at the water treatment plant ‘de la Jatte’ in Rouen Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010 off to find it. After introducing themselves they and AIA. Close by is a museum in a relocated and high. In the church the organ was playing and we were given a complete tour of the whole restored thatched house. As a thatched cottage were glad to have the time to listen to an operation and then had the opportunity to see owner I was particularly interested in the iris impromptu recital. the two rotative, compound, beam engines made plants growing on the ridge of the roof. The Museée de la Marine de la Seine was by Windsor et Fils of Rouen. The engines had been Apparently it is common Normandy practice to different in its presentations from the museum installed to pump water up to a reservoir to cap the ridge with clay and plant the irises so we had visited in Rouen, although it covered provide a head for the supply to the city. They their roots bind the clay to the straw below. many of the same subjects. There was a good operated from 1891 to 1959. The opportunity for Leaving the windmill, we drove north and display which showed how the tide is used to the visit was very much appreciated. crossed the Seine by the Pont Brotonne to enter enable ocean going vessels to go all the way up Meanwhile, others spread around the city Caubebec-en-Caux. The Museée de la Marine de to Rouen, and downstream again, also and meetings took place at wide variety of sites. la Seine did not open until after lunch so there concerning the constant dredging programme We can certainly claim multiple visits to the was time to look around. The church in the centre which is necessary. There was a special exhibit Musée Des Beaux Artes with its fine Impressionist of town was very striking. Gothic and very highly about the eighteenth-century navigator and collection, Musée Le Secq des Tournelles which decorated. Many of the figures, both outside and explorer Jean-Baptiste Denoville and another shows a truly amazing collection of large and inside were very fine work, some a mere 30-40cm about the past of both wood and steel small wrought iron work, Musée National de l’Éducation, Abbatiale Saint-Quen, Aitre Saint- Maclou, Notre Dame Cathédrale, Le Gros Horloge, and the Metro, ridden to all its stations. These illustrate the wide range of interests the tour let us enjoy. We left Rouen on the Thursday morning and went south and west to the Parc Naturel regional Brotonne where we visited the Moulin de Hauville. A windmill had first operated here in the mid thirteenth century. It was owned by the Abbey St Pierre Jumièges and there is archival record of the mill from then. By the nineteenth century it had become a tower mill made of banded flint and limestone with a thatched roof on the rotating cap. The Parc authorities have financed a complete restoration/rebuild which we were able to visit. The mill was introduced to us by Alain Joubert who had been the first director of the Musée Industriel de la Corderie Vallois, had founded the Musée Marine de la Seine and had been head of the Parc administration and responsible for the restoration of the windmill. A good man for us to meet! He was intrigued by us Moulin de Hauville in the Parc Naturel regional Brotonne Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010

4—INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 facilities for making the Bénédictine liqueur - collecting and blending the herbs from all over the world, distilling, ageing and bottling. The Palais was an extraordinary factory. Our final visit was in Calais to Cité Internationale de La Dentelle et de la Mode. In the nineteenth century Calais had a large lace industry. It was started by English businessmen following the restitution of the monarchy in 1815 and the renewed interest in court and fashion. The displays in the museum showed the processes for making laces by hand and by machine. All labels had English and Dutch wording on them and English captions could be selected at the small video displays with French commentaries. We saw a Leavers lace making machine operating, but there were too many things happening to permit a quick understanding of its working. Following this technical display there were further rooms devoted to the place of lace in fashion and the Calais is not just a port to pass through. It was once a lace-making centre and the Cité Internationale de La Dentelle et de place of fashion in society from eighteenth to la Mode has top class displays and working machinery Photo: © Bill Barksfield 2010 twentieth centuries. Also there were displays of recent shipbuilding on the Seine; a very pleasant and established a successful brand which is now developments in textile materials such as Lycra interesting museum. owned by the drinks group Bacardi. The Palais which made lace tights and new lingerie designs We drove on to Fécamp where our objective Bénédictine is an amazing building. The guide possible, materials which react differently to dyes was the Palais Bénédictine. In 1863 a successful book uses the adjectives ‘eclectic, monumental and so enable a two coloured product to be made Fécamp businessman, Alexandre Legrand, had and refined, characteristic of the end of the at one dyeing and threads with triangular or discovered how the monks in the local nineteenth century’. The main rooms are named polygonal cross sections which can be used to Bénédictine monastery had made their medicinal Vestibule, Salle Gothic, Salle du Dme Salle create glitter and other effects. This museum, herbal beverage and had realised that if this was Renaissance, Pinacothèque, Oratoire, and their which is based in two old lace factories with a used to flavour an alcoholic spirit it could make a contents as eclectic as the architecture. Alexandre modern entry building, has star quality. Plan an good liqueur. He obtained copyright on the Legrande clearly had the means and the interest hour or two before your next ferry from Calais formula, the trade name Bénédictine, the shape to drive this grand project, but sadly he died and make a visit. of the bottle and the design of the label and so before it was completed. Under the Palais are the

AIA SALES The following items are available from the Sales Officer: AIA REGIONAL GAZETTEERS INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY REVIEW Cambridge & Peterborough £4.95 Derbyshire £5.50 BACK ISSUES Greater Manchester £4.95 Hertfordshire & Lea Valley £5.50 Volumes I – VI Kent £4.95 Lancashire £5.50 Vol. I. No. 1; Vol. III. No. 2; and Vol. VII. No. 2: sold out North West Wales £3.95 Scotland, Forth & Clyde £5.50 per set (16 issues): £18.00 plus P + P £9.35 inland, P.O.A. overseas South East Wales £4.95 West Midlands: £1.50 per volume: £5.00 plus P + P £3.85 inland, £5.50 overseas Wiltshire: £5.50 per issue: £2.00 plus P + P £1.60 inland, £1.90 overseas Volumes VII – XIII P + P extra: One copy: £0.60 inland, £1.10 overseas. per volume: £8.00 incl. inland P + P, add £4.50 overseas Two copies: £0.85p inland, £1.90 overseas. per issue: £4.00 incl. inland P + P, add £2.40 overseas Three copies: £0.85 inland, £2.60 overseas (except Vol X No.2 (Textiles) and Vol XII No.1 (Mining): £4.50 incl.) Six or more copies: half postage Volumes XIV – XVIII Ten or more copies: post-free per volume: £12.00 incl. inland P + P, add £4.50 overseas per issue: £6.00 incl. inland P + P, add £2.40 overseas AIA TIES (blue) Volumes XIX – XX (new format) £7.20 incl P + P £18.00 incl. inland P + P, add £2.40 overseas Volumes VII – XX Set: Half price @ £77.00 Volumes XXI onwards are only obtainable from Maney Publishing, Suite 1c, Joseph’s Well, Hanover Walk, Leeds LS3 1AB

All prices are for surface mailing. A discount is available to booksellers on all AIA publications. Cheques should be made payable to the Association for Industrial Archaeology and sent with orders to: Roger Ford, AIA Sales Officer, Barn Cottage, Bridge Street, Bridgnorth, Shropshire WV15 6AF The AIA accepts payments by the following credit cards: ACCESS VISA MASTERCARD Please write for sales slip

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —5 More news of the AIA Restoration grants

As already reported, four restoration awards were announced at the Lincoln Conference last year. One of the two small awards was to the Scottish Maritime Museum for work on conserving the boiler from VIC32, and this was described in IA News 153, page 8. This note now briefly describes the second small award winner which was the Hoylandswaine Nail Forge for roof repairs, and the two larger awards of about £15,000 which went to the Boat Museum Society for work on Box Boat 337 and to the North of England Open Air Museum at Beamish for their chaldron waggons project.

Mark Sissons

The Hoylandswaine nail makers workshop is situated between Barnsley and Penistone and it received an AIA Restoration Grant for urgently needed roof repairs. The shop is a modest stone building, with three small forges where nails were made by hand. Each would once have had two or four anvils, a hearth, a bellows and a chimney. Remarkably, one of them still has its hearth and chimney, and a typical bellows. No other nail forges in the country are known to remain on The stone roof of the Hoylandswaine nail makers workshop Photo: Derek Bayliss their original site and retain the fittings. It is therefore an important relic of domestic industry. Its nail makers lived in the village, mainly in Brindley. It evolved from the little mine boats (the The name Chaldron Waggon is derived from the the adjoining cottages, which have now been ‘starvationers’) at Worsley, whose boxed cargoes term chaldron which was a measure of dry converted into larger houses. The trade was once of coal were transferred at Worsley Basin to craft volume used for coal. Each area developed its common in several South Yorkshire villages, in the of similar shape, but of larger dimensions, for the own value for the chaldron as a unit. In the North Black Country and some other iron making areas. journey to Manchester. A starvationer has already East this is generally accepted as the Newcastle It generally died out between around 1860 and been secured for the future and is on display in chaldron of 53 cwt. The chaldron waggon, as a 1914 with the spread of machines for making the Island Warehouse at the Museum. type, and the Londonderry Railway caldrons as a nails. At Hoylandswaine it was continued, if Technically the box boat’s construction is very specific example, are both of enormous historical sporadically, by the Chappell family; Fred interesting, generally typical of thousands of now importance to the development of the coal Chappell was still making foundry nails in the disappeared craft using a very simple type of industry, the railways, industry and large-scale Nail Forge during the Second World War. construction on iron/wood frames. However, it is The then owner of the Nail Forge sold it to also different in the unusual longitudinal the South Yorkshire Industrial History Society in construction of the wooden bottom. It is intended 1998 for a nominal sum. The South Yorkshire to record this detail accurately during restoration. Trades Historical Trust, which manages the After its working life ended a private owner Society’s properties, has carried out a first stage converted it to live on, but eventually the poor of conservation, which included fitting new doors condition of the wooden hull caused him to and shutters of a suitable type. The roof repairs abandon the project. 337 was rescued by the are part of a further programme of work, based National Waterways Museum, de-converted and, on a conservation plan, which includes suitable because of its importance, has had money and interpretation. Applications are in hand for the effort spent on it over the years to enable it to rest of the funding. The South Yorkshire Trades survive. The boat has now been craned out and an Historical Trust’s volunteers open the Nail Forge initial survey made of its condition. The grant to the public on the Sunday of Heritage Open from the AIA will enable the restoration work to Days. It is too small to welcome large numbers of be completed and also assist in the training of visitors, but there may be additional open days volunteers on the techniques of wooden canal when the work has been done. For further details boat building. The restoration plan ensures that see www.topforge.co.uk . this unique vessel will now be properly conserved Box Boat No 337 at the National Waterways in the future. Museum, Ellesmere Port, is the survivor of a very The last of the grants has gone to the important class of craft involved in the Chaldron Waggon Project at Beamish Museum, transportation of coal at the heart of early canal County Durham. When Frank Atkinson was transport. The importance of the boat also lies starting the collection that became the North of with its use of wood and iron boxes for its cargo England Open Air Museum at Beamish he which are a direct precursor of modern acquired 34 former Londonderry Railway containerisation. The original box boat came into chaldron waggons, in varying states of decay, Forge inside the Hoylandswaine nail makers workshop being in the 1760s and was designed by James from the Seaham Harbour and Dock Company. Photo: Derek Bayliss

6—INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 shipping operations in the North East of England. Through the export, to London and Germany, the influence can be seen to be national and European too. It was the development of a coal carrying waggon, initially for the wooden waggonways of the mid eighteenth century, later for the iron, then steel, rails of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that facilitated the expansion of the coal industry in North East England. It enabled the potential markets, largely remote from the collieries themselves, to be tapped. In their final form, as represented by the Londonderry Railway examples at Beamish, they were used from the 1860s through to the end of the 1960s. Many of the waggons as acquired from Seaham were in poor condition and time has taken its toll on others. Beamish is now working to rebuild two rakes of chaldron waggons to enable a demonstration set to be available at both the station and the colliery sites in the museum. Repairs conducted in the 1970s, often in softwood, are now life expired. The current scheme will see a group of waggons fully restored with accurate recording of the vehicles before Lifting Box Boat No 337 at the National Waterways Museum, Ellesmere Port and during rebuilding. Our funding is going Photo: Boat Museum Society, National Waterways Museum towards the total rebuild of two of the poorest condition waggons retaining all of the original ironwork. Concurrently with this work there is a scheme to ensure appropriate future conservation and to provide under cover storage for the restored waggons to minimise future degradation.

AIA RESTORATION GRANTS Thanks to a generous donation, the AIA is making available Restoration Grants for a range of historic and industrial archaeology purposes. The closing date for applications is 1 June in each year, but now is the time to think about 2011. Full details of the funding criteria, and how to apply, can be found on the AIA web site: www.industrial-archaeology.org.uk. Follow the link to Awards and choose One of the chaldron waggons which the AIA Grant is helping to restore at the Beamish Open Air Museum Restoration Grants. Photo: Mark Sissons

VISIT THE AIA WEBSITE – www.industrial-archaeology.org Our website contains information on the Association for Industrial Archaeology, including Membership, Abstracts of Industrial Archaeology Review , Awards, Conferences, Affiliated Societies and Sales. The Diary gives notice of events, day-schools and conferences, often in more detail than can be published in Industrial Archaeology News . Links give access to other societies, museums and organisations in the world of industrial archaeology.

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —7 AIA NEWS Treasurer’s Report for surplus on the conference account Waterpower in Lowell: Engineering Egypt in October the year ended 31 of £3.7k. However, there is an and Industry in Nineteenth-Century We have a very good group visiting inconsistency in the treatment of America. The author is professor of Alexandria, Ismailia and Cairo from December 2009 gazetteer costs meaning the urban studies and American 16 to 23 October 2010, and any The Accounts for 2009 form part of conference costs for the two years civilisation at Brown University, serious latecomer might be included the AGM papers enclosed with this are not entirely comparable. Providence, Rhode Island, and has if contact is made immediately with issue of Industrial Archaeology Those two factors would have been involved in research at Lowell, Paul Saulter, 80 Udimore Rd, News. In crude, unadjusted, terms been enough to wipe out any Massachusetts (one of North Rye,TN31 7DY or e-mail: paul@ia- you are seeing a deficit for the last likelihood of a 2008 surplus, America’s most important and tours.demon.co.uk. financial year of £5,620, this against fortunately other factors acted in iconic industrial sites) for almost 40 a surplus for 2008 of £44,857, a our favour. Namely, an increase in years. This book distils the historical turnaround of over £50,000. But, subscription income of £1.9k and archaeological evidence I A Review top ten both years contain extraordinary (including gift aid), a reduction in collected over that time into a Have you sent in your list of what items that must be allowed for in admin cost of £5.8k due to the detailed but accessible account of you think are the top ten articles in order to gain a true picture of the revised liaison officer role. The latter the growth of the city’s distinctive Industrial Archaeology Review since Association’s financial outcome for was marginally offset by an increase system of power canals and of the it was launched in 1976? (see IA 2009. The deficit for last year was in the amount paid to our internationally important News 153, page 12). after the disbursement of £7,750 in publishers, Maney & Co. who now developments in the technology of Marilyn Palmer still wants to two Restoration Grants. Those handle subscription collection. water power which took place there. know! Please send your list by e- grants were made out of funds However, increased sales by A full review of the book will appear mail to: donated by an anonymous donor in Maney’s of the Industrial in the next issue of Industrial [email protected], or by 2008, that donation amounted to Archaeology Review, extracts, Archaeology Review. post to 63 Sycamore Drive, Groby, £38,483, including gift aid. Allowing offprints, etc resulted in increased This award is funded from a Leicester LE6 0EW. for these items, then the true royalties for the Association of legacy by, and named in memory of, numbers for each year, both £1.0k. The value of the awards we Peter Neaverson, a prolific and surpluses are: £6,374 in 2008 and made also declined by £0.8k in gifted researcher into industrial AIA 2010 Conference £2,130 in 2009. However, that does 2009. archaeology and author of many A reminder, just in case you have amount to a decline in the surplus of Our balance sheet was strong at works, notably in conjunction with overlooked making a booking for £4,244 over the two years. Why was the end of 2009, with a cash Marilyn Palmer, with whom he also this year’s Annual Conference which that so? From now on I will discuss balance of £149k. Deducting the edited Industrial Archaeology is being held on 3-9 September at the accounts in terms of £000’s, Restricted Funds and creditors net of Review for almost 20 years. Any AIA Penryn near Falmouth in Cornwall, making things easier to debtors, then the Association’s own member may nominate for this where it is being hosted for us by comprehend. cash balance was £56.6k. Our award a work they think makes an the Trevithick Society. The The chief culprit in the decline financial position remains healthy at outstanding contribution to the programme also includes the Rolt was the fall in interest rates on the the present time. study of industrial archaeology, Symposium to mark the centenary monies we have on deposit. In 2008 Bruce Hedge ACMA whether it is a book, article or of Rom Tolt’s birth. For details of last the interest we received was £7.8k; thesis, provided it has been minute availability, please visit the due to the collapse in interest rates published in English within the past AIA website or contact John that we have all experienced, that Peter Neaverson Award two years. Nominations should be McGuinness, 29 Altwood Road, fell to a paltry £1.8k, for last year, a 2010 sent to the AIA’s Liaison Officer Maidenhead SL6 4PB or Stephen reduction in interest of £6k, more if The 2010 Peter Neaverson Award for (contact details on page 2) by 1 Miles,, Rose Cottage, Lower allowance is made for higher outstanding scholarship in Industrial December 2010. Durston, Taunton TA3 5AH (email: average cash on deposit. Another Archaeology has been given to Ian West [email protected]). fall in income was a drop in the Patrick Malone for his book

NEW EDITOR WANTED! Dr Peter Stanier is retiring as Editor of IA News at the end of 2010, having been in the post for the last 16 years . We are therefore looking for a new Editor , preferably by the end of September so that he or she can be involved in the production of one issue before taking over fully in 2011. Are you interested in taking on this important post? Your immediate response is required! All potential editors should not hesitate to contact the AIA Chairman or the present Editor to learn about what is involved. See page two for contact details.

8—INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 LETTERS Farme Colliery winding Was a separate counterweight back room full of plan chests, and certainly could no longer be arranged to overcome the inertia of including the original drawing list. classified as a suspension bridge. engine the loaded cage and realign the The factory was built for the Bristol Original iron work, though, remains The Farme Colliery Winding Engine crank enabling counter rotation or, Aero Engine Co., but passed to and at the structure’s entrance can was erected at Rutherglen near by releasing the brake, could a English Electric in 1943. The detail be seen the engraved name of Louis Glasgow in 1810 and loaded cage have been employed showed every room, every function, Harper. Something therefore to look decommissioned in 1915. It is now turn over the engine until the piston all power inputs, a purpose built out for if coming to Grimsby. at Summerlee Museum, Coatbridge, was just at one side or the other of unit, the only missing feature today Tim Mickleburgh North Lanarkshire, where for two top dead centre? being the external engine test bays. Grimsby months from 28 August 2010 a I would be greatly obliged if The factory made radial engines, to celebration of its bicentenary will Association members could help be sent a short distance to a factory Deptford Dockyard form the centrepiece of an with any specific information in where Halifax bombers were made exhibition entitled ‘Fire and Water’. The Deptford Dockyard Site has just respect of the Farme Colliery 1810 under contract by English Electric. been subject to a three month long Reputed to be one of the last engine or with details of how, for As a property company, this working Newcomen rotative evaluation undertaken by Museum example, Newcomen winders in office is not open to the public, as of London Archaeology under my engines, it is described in various general were reversed. the site is very busy, also found were publications including the direction. The work was monitored Iain Drysdale the drawings and key books for by Mark Stevenson and Jane Sidell transactions of the Newcomen 2 Arkaig Place Crompton Parkinson of Guiseley Society and nineteenth-century of English Heritage. No damage of Newton Mearns near Leeds (demolished in 2006) but any kind was caused to the editions of The Engineer. But there Glasgow G77 5PH the agent saved what he thought were two other quite similarly archaeology and the claim by Chris E-mail: [email protected] might be of interest from the skip Mazeika in IA News 153, p14, that arranged engines at Farme Colliery (please respect this is private and over the years, they could have there was is wholly misleading. The Accrington factory material, but alt least its location is quote by David Divers in Chris become confused particularly when known). The Accrington site even much of the available information is revelations Mazeika’s letter is actually taken had its own police station, X-ray from a report on a limited not clearly identifiable as relating to The National Mills Conference (see rooms, so a fascinating look to the the 1910 engine. News section) took place at J27 evaluation in 2000, also directed by past, whose first-hand experience is me, and does not refer to the 2010 There is also the question of Accrington. This site has always now but a fast fading memory. how it was able to wind two cages interested me and previous evaluation. While David Divers is Adrian Bailey now at English Heritage he was not and while the main components of enquiries had revealed it used to Leeds the engine remain and sufficient belong to GEC, though clearly of when he undertook the work in information has been acquired to some WW2 build. During a coffee 2000; he was a site supervisor for allow for the manufacture of some break I made myself known to the Harpers’ footbridges: a Pre Construct Archaeology. I new parts around the winding drum estate office who were somewhat consider Chris Mazeika’s letter to be postscript nothing less than malicious. I would and flywheel, no photographs or surprised anyone should take an Living as I do in Grimsby, I wasn’t descriptions of the winding gear interest in the now multi-let site! suggest IA News needs to check its expecting to find anything of sources more carefully before have come to light. The big question They showed me some period interest in the article ‘The 19th- in that connection being how the photographs showing a camouflage putting statements into print. Century Suspension Footbridges of Duncan Hawkins engine was reversed when the only pattern on the roofs, so confirming Harpers of Aberdeen’ by D.R. Harper controls available to the engineman my initial thoughts. As I was just Director, CgMs Consulting and T.M. Day in the latest (May Morley House were a brake, a steam throttle and about to leave thee agent asked if I 2010) edition of Industrial the, apparently, hand operated lever would like to see the original plans! 26 Holborn Viaduct Archaeology Review. Yet on page 31 London EC1A 2AT that opened and closed the steam This site must be unique, for when I there was the reference to ‘three at and cold water valves? returned at lunchtime I was shown a Grimsby (1894)’ being designed by Louis Harper of Harpers Ltd new Craiginches Ironworks, Aberdeen. A map on page 33 showing Harper Bridges in the UK has the appropriate location being marked ‘Grimsby (R. Freshney) (3)’ and a symbol denoting the fact that all the bridges have been removed. This however is not entirely true, as I discovered when penning The Bully: Memories of the Duke of York Gardens for the Friends of the Freshney last year: the river flows through the park in question. Yes, the two bridges that crossed the entire Freshney were replaced in 1978 by new structures of composite and steel construction. The other bridge, to what is known locally as Duck Island, remained as it was and is very much in being Original footbridge iron work bearing the The Farme Colliery winding engine at Summerlee Museum, Coatbridge today. Sadly, the bridge has been name of Louis Harper at Grimsby Photo: Iain Drysdale altered dramatically over the years, Photo: Tim Mickleburgh

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —9 NEWS Country House century, Holkham was notable for National Trust, illustrated the East Anglia, who showed how these having water closets and piped improvements brought, firstly by the often unprofitable grand Technology Conference sewers from the outset; its exposed invention of the Argand oil lamp investments added to the prestige of Rewley House, home to Oxford location close to the Norfolk coast and then gas and electric lighting, landowners. Paul Thomas described University’s Department for also encouraged the early adoption and then Dr Ian West of the his initial ‘rapid survey’ of Continuing Education, was packed to of central heating. English University of Leicester, Professor technology in National Trust capacity for a study weekend on the Heritage’s Pete Smith explained Palmer’s co-researcher on the properties and provided an over- subject of Country House Technology how the elaborate security project, described how many view of developments in water on 7-9 May 2010. The event was measures which Lord Middleton country houses had to be self- supply and sanitation. National Trust staged as part of the Technology, engaged Jeffry Wyattville to sufficient in gas production and, archaeologist and historic garden Social Structure and the English incorporate at Wollaton Hall, near subsequently, electricity generation, specialist Jeremy Milln showed how Country House project, funded by the Nottingham around 1811 ultimately which had a profound effect on the improvements in glass and other Leverhulme Trust and led by Marilyn saved the house from damage by nature of country house estates. materials encouraged successive Palmer, Emeritus Professor of rioters in the 1830s. The house is The historian Dr Pamela fashions for growing specific exotic Archaeology at the University of also notable for its innovative Sambrook, author of many books on plants in purpose-designed Leicester. Professor Palmer, who co- heating and cooking stoves, the life of the country house servant, buildings, with novel heating chaired the conference along with designed by William Strutt. showed how servants were often technology which was only later Rewley House’s Dr Paul Barnwell, The Jacobean house at resistant to new technology, because adopted within the country houses opened the proceedings by Lanhydrock in Cornwall, now in the it devalued their skills rather than themselves. The late withdrawal of a explaining the background to the care of the National Trust, was because it threatened their planned speaker allowed a short project, which was born out of work extensively modernised by the livelihood, and went on to suggest presentation on exciting started by the late Nigel Seeley, Chief architect Richard Coad following a that the increasing purchase of developments at Alnwick Castle, Conservator of the National Trust, fire in 1881, incorporating novel external goods and services by Northumberland, where the Gilkes who commissioned the first surveys fireproofing techniques using country houses in the late turbine first installed to generate of technology in Trust properties. The prefabricated concrete ceiling nineteenth century had a greater electricity for the castle in 1889 has current project seeks to build on this panels. The revised layout also impact than new technology on staff recently been restored to generate work, extending it to a wider cross- provides an excellent example of numbers. Helen Lloyd, the National power once again. The conference section of country houses in the the lengths to which the Victorians Trust’s Deputy Head Conservator and was closed by Professor Marilyn United Kingdom and analysing the went to segregate the sexes, above author of the mammoth Manual of Palmer with a paper which impact which technology had on the and below stairs. However, House Housekeeping, described the demonstrated how many form and functioning of houses and and Collections Manager, Paul particular challenges posed by the landowners in Britain were keen to on the people who worked in them. Holden’s paper showed how conservation of the Trust’s huge encourage industrial developments One of many examples which she technical problems and cost over- collection of examples of nineteenth on their estates, in contrast to the cited was deployment of mechanical runs blighted both the project and and twentieth century technology, pattern elsewhere in Europe, with and electrical bell systems, which can Coad’s career. The owners, the many of which are constructed of the resulting profits from enterprises reveal much about the interaction Robartes family, rarely returned to less durable materials than older such as mineral extraction funding between masters and servants. the property, which has left many of artefacts. the improvement of many country Christine Hiskey, archivist at these late nineteenth century The growth in the nineteenth houses. Holkham Hall, Norfolk, described additions untouched by later century of ‘high agriculture’ and the The lack of previous attention the many, often revolutionary modernisation. Two papers followed model estate farm, encouraged by given in academic circles to the aspects of technology introduced which highlighted the importance the Royal Agricultural Society and impact of technology on country into this house (also the subject of which country house owners placed prominent patrons such as Prince houses and their estates meant that her paper in Construction History on improved lighting: Dr Maureen Albert, was illustrated by Dr Susanna this event provided numerous new 22). Built in the mid eighteenth Dillon, lighting advisor to the Wade-Martins of the University of insights for professionals and

The former water mill at the Ashton Wod estate, Northamptonshire, one of the UK’s most Servants’ bells at Holkham Hall, Norfolk. The location and precise function of servants’ bells complete examples of an early country house power generating plant can reveal much about the operation of country houses Photo: Ian West Photo: Ian West

10 —INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 NEWS amateur enthusiasts alike, and it is on information about works separated by a large thickness of wide variety of professionals from hoped that publication by Paul considered suitable for preservation. ground. Abandoned ‘bell pits’ were public and private sectors. Watkins Publishing of the Paul Barnett belongs to the filled in or allowed to fall in, Conference co-ordinator Nigel conference proceedings, as well as a Friends of Purton Hulks, and it was resulting in many areas being Grizzard has the magic touch of forthcoming book, Comfort and about these that he spoke. Between pockmarked by the remains of bringing together not only mill Convenience in the Country House, the Sharpness Canal and bank of shallow pits. Most pit tops were owners, but planners, developers, in due to be published by the National the River Severn, the ‘Purton round, but a few elliptical shaped fact anyone involved in Trust around 2012, will greatly Graveyard’ is an important heritage ones have been noted. As trees and regeneration., This year the increase the understanding of this site, being the final resting place of vegetation had taken over, it was conference centred on the area of subject. over 80 vessels which were beached often difficult to investigate these NW Lancashire, comprising six Ian West here to prevent erosion of the river areas, but the modern use of Lidar districts: Blackburn and Darwen, bank. The Graveyard is now (it ‘sees’ through trees) sometimes Pendle, Burnley, Ribble Valley, considered to be the largest of its gives a remarkable illustration of Hyndburn and Rossendale. A brief 41st South Wales & kind in the UK and consists of the density of the early pits. survey has revealed surprisingly several layers of different sized ships The final talk was by David over 200 mills, this collection ranged West of England from ocean-going schooners down Woodliffe (Oxford House Industrial from the fully regenerated ‘India Regional IA Conference to smaller vessels such as History Society) on the industry of Mill’ at Darwen to the almost This year’s conference was held on Stroudwater and Kennet canal remembrance, the production of war collapsed areas along the Leeds and 17 April at Pate’s Grammar School in barges, and even a concrete barge. memorials. We saw pictures of the Liverpool Canal at the Weavers Cheltenham. After a welcome by Records about the working lives, great variety of size, shape and Triangle in Burnley (now receiving Amina Chatwin, President of the sizes, cargoes and builders have design of memorials to various wars, emergency repairs). Gloucestershire Society for been taken of the vessels and either free standing or incorporated The key conclusion from the Industrial Archaeology, the plaques erected giving details. Many in the fabric of buildings, made up of morning’s session was the need for conference got under way with a vessels are now only identified by a variety of materials. Possibly the central government or a local presentation by Dr Malcolm Nixon mounds of mud or earth, sometimes best known is the Cenotaph in agency to provide ‘kick-start’ (Worcestershire Local History & IA with an odd piece of timber or Whitehall, noted for its beautiful money. Several of the sites including Society) on the Bromsgrove nailers. ironwork protruding. Excavations at simplicity. Not only were wartime the Green Bridge Works of The many and diverse industries of various sites have shown that much casualties recorded but one Rawtenstall required changes to the the ‘Black Country’ area ranged of the woodwork survives in a good memorial records over 500 deaths road network and pedestrian link from heavy iron work to light and state of preservation where buried caused by disease during the bridges to enable a fascinating and individual ones set up by small or below the water table. Crimean War. Many schools erected challenging re-use to go ahead, but even family communities, probably After a break for lunch Ken their own list of the fallen as a the developer was limited to originating from the rural Kemp and Steve Grudgings (Bristol permanent reminder of their funding to the ‘structure’ and not its blacksmith. The making of nails IA Society and South sacrifice; Eton College’s showed that surrounding environs, talking of comes under this heading and in Gloucestershire Mines) spoke about over 20% of those serving in the which many of the under-used mills cases had monastic origins. This the Newcomen pumping engines in forces were listed as casualties. lay along the route of the Leeds- would also include the making of South Gloucestershire mines. Three tours were organised Liverpool Canal, what a potential! the necessary tools and form work Reports of the success of the first after the conference, either to view David George did bring up the for the different shapes and sizes of Newcomen engine in the Midlands ornamental ironwork around thorny issue of what happens to the final product. There was nothing area in 1712 gave the incentive for Cheltenham, the tramroads and artefacts from the previous age and romantic about this industry and the mine owners to set up these quarries of Leckhampton Hill, or the not just those in museums like working week often exceeded 90 machines to relieve the constant disused junction of the Stroudwater Queen Street Mills in Burnley. hours, enveloped by the foul threat of water floods interfering and Gloucester Sharpness Canals at During an excellent lunch break atmosphere in the confines of the with their coal production. It has Saul. The writer joined the last, much networking was achieved and workshop adjoining the cottage and been reported that over 40 finding Saul Junction considerably the afternoon concluded with a brief in the semi darkness only relieved Newcomen engines were working different to what it had been when tour of the various sites around the by the glow of the forge. The gradual up to the 1820s, the last erected in last seen over 50 years ago. The Weavers Triangle, showing what introduction of machine-made nails, 1793 and the last to stop in the weather enhanced the scene of could be achieved and what was to and labour taken up by armament 1930s. Precise proof of where some tranquillity amongst the many hoped for as part of ‘Burnley’s Great work in WWI and the car of the engines were placed was narrow houseboats tied up along Opportunity’. More information and manufacturing industry all led to the illustrated on some of the very the bank of the canal, while the illustrations can be seen on the loss of this specialist work by the detailed maps of the period. During scene of dereliction of the lock website www.ngcs.net. 1950s. the last few years access to some which lifted the Stroudwater up to Adrian Bailey David Greenfield (Somerset IA mine sites has been cleared and the canal could be overlooked. An Society) talked next on the recording made safe for further investigations excellent conference, thanks to all of civil engineering heritage. John to be carried out in the pits the organisers in the Fairs and circuses Smeaton was the first to call himself themselves. Gloucestershire Society for Fifty to sixty years ago travelling a Civil Engineer in the eighteenth Penny Fernando (Gloucester- Industrial Archaeology. fairs and circuses with their old- century, but the Institute of Civil shire Society for IA) talked on Robert Cox fashioned gaudy and vulgar Engineers was not founded until unrecorded early coal mining in the decoration, totally at odds with the 1818, with Thomas Telford as its first Forest of Dean. The coal was ‘contemporary’ world, appeared president. In 1968 the Institute set extracted by the Romans, and The National Mills unlikely to survive as they were for up the Civil Engineering Heritage to possibly even earlier, but it was Conference more than a few years: they were record works and give them a merit Edward I who granted the The National Mills Conference, clearly on the way out. Yet in the mark to decide the state of its population of this area free mining NGCS, held its 2010 conference in first decade of this century such historical importance. The general rights in 1300. Most of the coal Accrington on 11 May. This very well travelling shows, almost unaltered, public were asked to help by passing seams were thin and in places attended event brought together a are more prevalent than ever and

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —11 NEWS urban parks in towns and cities and up in partnership with the British The BIAS/Brunel Prize guarantee the collection’s survival certainly in London see an almost Museum. In addition, 350 museums The Bristol IA Society is very much and to set up a museum, to display constant procession of visiting fairs, across the country are taking part to concerned with the industrial this collection and a host of other and small circuses are not far behind celebrate objects which have stories archaeology of Bristol and Bath and historic material from Bath’s in frequency. The aesthetics are little to tell on the basis that even the country towns and villages working history. In 1978 the altered and surprisingly most of the ordinary items have an important round about. A small prize of £150 is Camden Works Museum was stalls are still the same. tale behind them. Local regions offered every other year as a result opened officially by the Duke of Fairs and circuses visit Finsbury taking part are providing ten of the Brunel Society bequeathing Gloucester and the museum, now Park in London with great regularity historical artefacts with local funds to BIAS a few years ago. The known as the Museum of Bath at and also nearby Clissold Park. There significance but also a wider BIAS/Brunel Prize is for an original Work, has flourished ever since. are even fairs on tiny Islington international context. It is study or a record of any facet of The initial conception of the Green, a surprisingly central interesting how many are of IA local industry, preferably in an museum, its layout and location. These events can be worth relevance. archaeological context. interpretation was almost a visit for readers interested in old Staffordshire, for example, has The first award, in 1996, was exclusively the work of Russell lorries which showmen use for chosen ten objects displayed in its shared between a survey of the Frears and its success as a tourist traction. There are often Fodens and museums. The largest are the steam disused Rolls Royce aero-engine attraction and treasure house of the ERFs to be seen in Finsbury Park and powered beam engines at Claymills West Works at Filton as it was city’s working history is, in large Carter’s fair which visits Clissold Pumping Station. Pottery demolished, and an account of the part, down to his inspiration and Park has AECs, Scammells, and contributions include a W. iron works of John Lysaght in and drive. He remained a trustee Atkinsons. The electric generators Davenport & Co. bone china plate around Bristol from 1857. Since throughout and was latterly many of them carry can be older from Stoke-on-Trent Museums, one then, prizes have been awarded for Secretary of the Bath Industrial than the vehicle. DC motors and of 24 dessert plates for the Royal investigations into the history and Heritage Trust Ltd. obsolescent voltages appear to be table of the meal to celebrate Queen surviving features of the mines and Director of the museum Stuart ubiquitous in fairs. Since fairs and Victoria’s accession to the throne works at Wick which produced Burroughs says ‘The Museum of circuses are peripatetic, the held in November 1837. A yellow and red ochre; the Bath at Work would not exist if it situation will be much of same in Wedgwood dessert plate from development of canal lifts, putting had not been for Russell’s the rest of the country. I Wedgwood Museum, Barlaston, into context local examples such as inspiration and vision from the late Julie Walters in her recent Stoke-on-Trent, was part of a service Weldon’s caisson lock at Combe 1960s a neglected aspect of the autobiography, That’s Another Story, commissioned in 1773 by Empress Hay, and Fussell’s balance lift which city’s history, its working and 2008, recalls her fascination with a Catherine II of Russia. It was the first was tested at Mells; the reason why commercial development, would not fair that used to visit Lightwoods dessert plate to be decorated and William Smith lent his name to the have been presented for residents Park, Smethwick for a week every because it was incorrectly painted attempt to find coal at Batheaston; and visitors to Bath. He will be year. She loved the smell of hot did not get sent to Russia. A the development of the Bristol Axial greatly missed by all those involved dogs, diesel fuel and candy floss, the porcelain lidded teapot displayed at Bus Engine; and most recently and and who have been involved in the gaudy colours, loud distorted pop the Borough Museum, Newcastle- exceptionally, for a scholarly work museum over the years and he music competing with the noise of under-Lyme, was made between on the unsuccessful efforts of Marc should be remembered with all electricity generators, and found the 1744-47 and excavated from the and Isambard Brunel to produce a those with an interest in the city’s muscular young men who worked site of William Steers potworks in novel ‘gaz engine’. industrial and working life.’ the fairground rides attractive. She Newcastle-under-Lyme, representing Entries for the next BIAS/Brunel had a youthful fantasy of living in a early porcelain production in North Prize will be judged after the closing Victorian Society’s caravan, working at a stall with Staffordshire and marking the date of 31 August 2010. Entries goldfish, and smelling of petrol and beginning of the industry in the endangered buildings should consist of a written report or The Victorian Society is seeking the refers to the song ‘I want to be area. An unusual exhibit is a tin of record conforming to the guidance fourteen again’ by Victoria Wood. Evo-Stik impact adhesive from the ten most endangered historic notes for BIAS Journal. Entries buildings in the country. The Young people, at least from well-to- Shire Hall Gallery in Stafford. This should not have been published do backgrounds, do ‘run off and join was manufactured by Evode endangered buildings campaign, elsewhere nor submitted for another now in its fourth year, aims to the circus’ and amazingly some Chemical products in Stafford, a prize competition. Further details manage to fit in. There is mention in company with a long history highlight the problems facing many may be had from the Editor, Mike of our historic buildings. ‘People the writing of L.T.C. Rolt. This formerly being Dove Polishes and Chapman, 51 Newton Road, Bath phenomenon is comparable with Spic and Span Shoe Polishes, expect us to be obsessed with the BA 1RW, or from Owen Ward, 77 past, but the reality is we are volunteering to work on the inland supporting the large shoe industry Hansford Square, Bath BA2 5LJ. waterways and live on a narrow in the town. Finally, there is a obsessed with the future. We want boat in the early 1940s. Tom Rolt’s prototype self-contained breathing to ensure that the best examples of first wife Angela who was with him apparatus from the Museum of Russell Frears and Victorian and Edwardian on Cressy, afterwards had ‘a long Cannock Chase, manufactured by Bath’s industrial architecture are still there for future spell of travelling with Billy Smart’s the Siebe Gorman Co. between generations to enjoy’, says Dr Ian heritage Dungavell, Director of the Victorian circus’ (see Landscape with Canals ). c1914 and 1972 and used for mines Russell Frears the inspiration and Bob Carr rescue including the Hednesford Society. founding trustee of the Bath Buildings do not have to be Central Rescue who owned this Industrial Heritage Trust, which runs object. listed to be nominated but they Staffordshire’s History the city’s Museum of Bath at Work, should be at risk, perhaps of Many interesting artefacts are has died after a long illness. Russell of the World highlighted by the project. For the demolition, from insensitive led the movement to preserve the development or simply neglect. In The BBC launched an ambitious contributions from Staffordshire and contents of the engineering and soft project in January 2010 to tell the other counties, visit the History of fact this is the chance to highlight drinks making firm of J. B. Bowler & buildings which are not listed. They History of the World through the World website: Sons in the late 1960s when the firm selected objects. A year-long series www.bbc.co.uk/ahistoryoftheworld. need to have been built between closed down. In 1976 he helped 1837 and 1914. Buildings broadcast on Radio 4 has been set Claymills Trust form the charitable trust to

12 —INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 NEWS nominated in the past include mills National Service, SENPA and FEGA), and factories, public baths, all of them depending of the DOROTHEA churches, town halls and stately Spanish Agricultural Ministry. The homes. This year’s nominations will project has shown a great potential, be considered by the Society’s with records of 672 silos and 277 RESTORATIONS experts on architecture and granaries, although some units had conservation, and a Top Ten will be been already lost. See published in the autumn. www.silosygraneros.es (in Spanish) LTD Make your nomination Incorporating Ernest Hole (Engineers) of Sussex industrial of course!) through the Haiti engine survives website: www.victoriansociety.org.uk . earthquake CONTRACTORS AND CONSULTANTS IN THE The accompanying photograph CONSERVATION OF HISTORIC METALWORK, shows the engine of the Hannibal MACHINERY AND WIND/WATER MILLS Old Dartmoor railway Price sugar plantation in Jacmel, revealed Haïti. The beam engine was Recent contracts include designs for an atmospheric Conservation volunteers have spent produced at the Lindsay Ironworks railway, and a replica steam locomotive, restoration of two years clearing 900 metres of the near Liverpool and is dated 1818. 18C lead sculptures, repair and gilding of the Albert Plymouth and Dartmoor Railway at Photographs of this engine in a Memorial bronze decoration, conservation work on Clearbook, where they have derelict and overgrown state were revealed 200 of the original granite published in IA News 149, page 6. Turbinia, Lion, Sans Pareil and Locomotion, and even sleepers. The horse-drawn railway I took this new photograph on 4 the restoration of an hydraulic catafalque! was opened in 1823-6 by Sir Thomas February when then on a Tyrwhitt to exploit the resources of Coordination Mission by ICOMOS Over 100 man years experience western Dartmoor, and it ran for 25 and Haitian authorities for the miles from Princetown down to international heritage relief wharves at Plymouth where the following the earthquake of 12 Northern Works: New Road, Whaley Bridge, via Stockport, main export was granite. The line January. The engine and water Cheshire SK23 7JG. Contact: Dave Hodgson was replaced by the GWR’s standard channels running on the site of this Tel: (01663) 733544 Fax: (01663) 734521 gauge Princetown Railway (1883- old sugar plantation survived but Southern Works: Unit 1B, Barton Hill Trading Estate, 1956) and today part of the old the remaining chimney stack of the Barton Hill, Bristol BS5 9RD. Contact: Geoff Wallis route is used as the Drake’s Trail boiling hall is now sadly a pile of Tel: (0117) 9715337 Fax: (0117) 9771677 cycle route. The restoration work bricks. was funded by the Dartmoor Dinu Bumbaru National Park Authority, Dartmoor Trust and Dartmoor Sustainable Development Fund.

Farewell to Swan Hunter cranes The last two cranes at the famous Swan Hunter shipyard site at Wallsend, Tyneside, have been felled. The cranes, dating back to the 1930s, were brought down by controlled explosions in early June. Owners of the site, Shepherd Offshore, are replacing them with two new cranes with a capacity of 200 tonnes each. Renewable energy and the construction of wind turbines are seen as the site’s future.

Spanish grain silo heritage A new website about the Spanish agricultural and food production heritage has been set up, with the support of the University of Seville. In particular it concerns the industrial heritage of the National Network of Silos and Granaries built in Spain between the years 1949 and 1984 under the direction of the Wheat National Service, and its The 1818 steam engine which survived the earthquake in Haiti earlier this year Photo: Dinu Bumbaru successive denominations (Cereals

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —13 NEWS Middlesbrough next year. The suspended gondola private buyer. As a result, the Save these stones, which are part of can carry six cars or 200 passengers. the Pavilion Group has been Burley’s industrial heritage, but they transporter bridge established with a vision of how the are in danger of being lost due to reopened Save our Pavilion building could be restored to its neglect. Bradford Council have Middlesbrough’s transporter bridge The Peak District Mining Museum former glory. Visit their website: acknowledged they have a across the Tees was closed for a has been housed in Matlock Bath’s www.savethepavilion.co.uk . responsibility to maintain the stones month in May-June to renew the Pavilion since 1979, but its presence but only to their condition in the electric motors which have been in there has been put in doubt because Save our Stones 1950s when they were accorded place for nearly a century. Re- the owners, Derbyshire Dales Part of the weir/goit at Burley-in- Right of Way status. A Save Our opening of was briefly delayed by District Council, are considering Wharfedale for the now defunct Stones campaign is seeking old poor weather. The Grade II listed options for the future of the Greenholme mills includes some photos of these stones from the bridge, which is 225 ft (69 m) high building. It will cost a great deal of water control stones installed to 1950s. Details can be found on the and a symbol of the area’s industrial money to put the pavilion in good protect the weir and/or the river website: www.saveourstones.webs heritage, celebrates its centenary order, so one option is to sell it to a bank. A Right of Way exists across

REGIONAL NEWS Greater London up the Avro company with his Royal Aeronautical Society and Dr compared with A. V. Roe’s original At King’s Cross railway station a brother Humphrey. In this way the Jim Lewis, the well-known local machine a hundred years ago an new extension is being built at the British aviation industry was started. historian of the Lea Valley. Some additional 60 lbs in weight had to southwest corner which will become These historic events were readers may remember him at the be carried in the shape of a the entrance to the station. There celebrated in style on Sunday 12 AIA Conference in Lincoln in substantial Vulcan-bomber seatbelt are to be additional shops and the July 2009 in a marquee set up on September 2009. Jim launched three system, extra steel struts and joints whole is to be covered by a new the Marshes and Eric Verdon Roe, of his new books on the Lea Valley and additional wires. It seems this roof said to resemble a ‘bracket grandson of A. V. Roe, was a at the A. V. Roe event. extra weight was just too much for fungus’. An extra platform is being prominent figure throughout the The replica Avro triplane built by the old JAP engine to cope with and added at the east side of the station day. Eric had known his grandfather a team of ex-BAe Systems employees fitting a larger engine might not be in what used to be the carriage up to the age of six when the old was impressive and appeared very appropriate. The empty weight of road. Plans to rebuild the famous St man died at the age of nearly 81. authentic. It was on display in the the whole triplane was only 300lbs. Pancras gasholders on a new site to Eric Verdon was quite the star of the marquee used in the morning for However a more efficient propeller the northwest are presently on hold day. He made a polished speech in hospitality and speechmaking, and is to be fitted and the arrangement following the downturn in the the morning and gave an afternoon what a fitting backdrop. Powered by of the engine’s transmission economy. Work is going ahead for lecture in a nearby tent, arranged as a period JAP engine of 6 horsepower improved. There are to be further the new University of the Arts which a lecture theatre. His well-prepared it is intended to try flying the attempts to fly. will occupy the grade II listed address contained a good deal of machine at a later date. The team A. V. Roe and Company (Avro) Granary complex to the north of the biographical detail and there were seemed relatively confident of was a major part of the British Regent’s Canal. The Granary itself interesting personal memories of his success. Initially the idea of building Aviation industry responsible for the will house the Library and reception famous grandfather. A. V. Roe was a a replica came from Mr Lindsay Avro 504 of World War I, the area. Hot water and electricity will top class athlete who had the ability Collier and Mr Eric Verdon Roe Lancaster bomber and the Avro be provided by a combined heat and to cycle from Manchester to London funded the materials. Vulcan. Originally established at power station at 1-3 Canal Street. in a day, to save the rail fare. A novel However, it is reported that Brownfield Mills in Ancoats, The University is due to open in bicycle designed by the great man attempts to get the machine Manchester, it became part of September 2011. towards the end of his life was on airborne at RAF Woodvale, Formby, British Aerospace. Alliott Verdon-Roe At Markfield Road in the Lea display. Merseyside, in November 2009 were called his first triplane ‘The Blues’ Valley the engine house and its Other speakers were David not successful. Health and safety acknowledging the braces surroundings have undergone a Rowlands, Past President of the requirements dictated that manufactured by his brother’s firm radical transformation. There has been such improvement that people who took part in the visit following the AIA Conference at Hatfield in August 2004 would hardly recognise it. Windows have been installed in the engine house and the 1886 Woolf compound beam engine is now regularly steamed (see www.mbeam.org). Money was made available by the Heritage Lottery Fund. The year 1909 is highly significant for British aviation. That year the young Alliott Verdon-Roe, a doctor’s son, made the first flight by a British pilot in a British built aeroplane from Walthamstow Eric Verdon Roe, at the centenary celebration Marshes in the Lea Valley. Also in of his grandfather’s historic flight The replica Avro triplane of 1909 Photo: R J M Carr 1909 while in Walthamstow, Roe set Photo: R J M Carr

14 —INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 REGIONAL NEWS which helped pay for the machine. protest. It was a Midland Bank and In plan the mill was well over 30 North West England His brother Humphrey married the basement is interesting. It has a feet square and constructed mostly Last year we reported that the Marie Stopes in 1918. turntable, still working, which was of large prepared oak beams up to Anson Engine Museum at Poynton On the East London Line from used to move ingots about. The one foot by two feet in cross in Cheshire had hoped to get their Dalston to New Cross and New Foundry is to be replaced by a 17- section. These were axe-cut and S.S.Stott engine in steam by July, but Cross Gate, the test-running of storey hotel. A campaign to save the numbered to aid assembly on site. unfortunately this did not happen. trains through the Brunel tunnel Light, Shoreditch High Street E1, has The carpentry was sophisticated There are hopes that it will be in under the Thames started in had some success. It is a former including tusk-and-tenon joints. steam this summer, but currently it February 2010. Over the weekend electricity generating station for the Some of the oak trees were felled in is being turned over by electric 12-13 March the Brunel Tunnel was Great Eastern Railway dating from 1194 and this dates the large motor. Check their website for open for pedestrians but as might 1893. beams. The lower superstructure of progress (www.enginemuseum.org). be expected this was a very popular At the White City in West the headrace, the wheel pit and part But congratulations are due to event and tickets, available from the London two red-brick buildings of the tailrace were still extant. No Geoff Challinor, Chairman of the LT Museum, ran out quickly. Having listed grade II have been evidence was found of sawn museum, for the award of MBE in been closed to rail traffic since 22 incorporated into a new bus station. timbers, everything in the entire the New Year Honours list for December 2007, a passenger service There was a spirited local campaign structure had been cut by axe. services to Industrial Heritage. of eight trains per hour from Dalston to save them. They were part of the Located about 90 feet inland The Hopes Carr area of to New Cross Gate finally started at coal-fired electricity generating from the present foreshore, this was Stockport was a site of early textile midday on 27 April. A full service of station of 1898-9 for the Central an important example of medieval mills in the town, originally silk and 12 trains per hour through the London Railway, which became the engineering intended for industrial later cotton, but in recent decades Tunnel was due to start on 23 May Central Line. In recent years they scale production. Key timbers the area has become increasingly with some trains running through to were used by the Dimco machine including the 20 feet long dugout derelict, occupied by marginal Crystal Palace and West Croydon. At tool company. timber trough which fed water to businesses, and a number of serious the north end of the line a A remarkable archaeological the wheel and the remains of the fires have swept through the area. completely new four-platform discovery was made in 2008 at wheel itself went to the York This included the destruction of an station has been built at Dalston Granite Wharf on the riverside at Archaeological Trust for early silk throwing mill on Hillgate Junction. Trains should be running Greenwich. A large timber tide mill conservation. The new housing in 2003. By 2009 only a single mill further west from Dalston to of the 12th century was unearthed, development now taking place on stood standing isolated on Hopes Highbury & Islington by May 2011. a nationally unique discovery the site will be known as Greenwich Carr itself, the Middle Mill a non- When the Thames Tunnel was involving the only known example Wharf, a title formerly applied to fireproof building with a date of closed for works in 1995, there was of an early medieval waterwheel this stretch of the riverside. 1826 on one of its rain-water heads. enormous consternation with a which would have been about 17 To the north of the tide mill site, Walking home on the evening of 26 dramatic letter to The Times feet in diameter. A substantial at Morden Wharf, the former Tunnel November 2009 I detected smoke in newspaper: it was realised that the portion of the wheel was found. It Refineries or ‘Tunnel Glucose’ by the the air, ‘I know exactly what that is’ Tunnel itself was unlisted, and that was of lightweight construction, Blackwall Tunnel used to convert I thought, and I was right, the last it was going to be lined with complete with paddles and spokes wheat from East Anglia into a mill in Hopes Carr had gone up in shotcrete and a waterproof and had about 12 radial spokes and number of products including wheat smoke. There have been various membrane. At the very last minute 60 paddles each one held in place proteins, glucose syrup and alcohol development proposals for the area in March 1995 the Tunnel was listed by wooden starts or pegs, jammed for the drinks industry. Until recently over the years and we were assured grade II*, although many thought in place with wedges. The remains known as Amylum UK (amylum is that they included the surviving grade I would have been more of the mill were covered by layers of Latin for starch) the company was mills, but amazingly within weeks of appropriate (see Malcolm Tucker’s waterlogged silt, clay and peat and sold to Syral in 2007. The works was the destruction of this remaining article ‘The Thames Tunnel Saga’ in were within and on top of the peat closed at the end of September mill, notices of a new planning IA News 97, Summer 1996). on a thick foundation of chalk 2009, equipment was removed for application were posted in the area. In Shoreditch the Foundry, Great rubble. The preservation beneath the use elsewhere and demolition Apart from losing all its early mills, Eastern Street EC2, was due to be floodplain deposits of the River started. Not only are the plant and Stockport has exercised little demolished in April this year despite Thames was superb. the concrete silos on the riverside vigilance over its purpose built hat being removed but the two jetties works. However, although the north and south of the silos are to majority of the Chestergate go. An attempt to get the silos listed Hatworks of 1907 has been was unsuccessful. On 24 September demolished over the last year, action 2009 a photographic recording visit by the Conservation Officer saw the to the Syral site took place with main building fronting King Street some members of GLIAS included in West added to the local list and the party. Demolition has been saved from demolition, although at taking place away from the riverside the time of writing it awaits further and the silos were to be demolished use. by explosives in February 2010. The survey of Textile Finishing However there has been a change of Sites in Greater Manchester by Peter plan and now a long-reach cruncher Bone reported in IA News 149 is to nibble them from the top down. (Summer 2009, pp11-12) is Robert Carr progressing, but not as fast as had been hoped for. Peter had been hoping to cover three districts a year, but he reports in the The Greenwich Tide Mill excavation in progress Newsletter No.132, June 2010, of the Manchester Region Industrial

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —15 REGIONAL NEWS

Archaeology Society (MRIAS) that it used by BSN Medical, they moved has turned out to be a much larger out in 2008 and, rather like Egyptian task than expected, with many more Mills in Bolton reported last year, sites than anticipated. As a result it there are now proposals to convert has taken over a year to cover the mill for use as an Islamic Girls Rochdale and make a start on Bury Boarding School. and Bolton. At this rate it would Multi-storey spinning mills are take 8-10 years to complete the much more amenable to re-use for survey, rather than the three years purposes such as housing or Islamic hoped for. So to speed things up he Girls Boarding Schools, than single is now looking to build up a team of storey, north-light roofed, weaving helpers. If you are able to help, sheds. Nevertheless, when weaving contact him on Tel: 01706 838106 or ceased, many weaving sheds were e-mail: [email protected]. put to alternative uses, particularly Peter Bone also reports that a warehousing and engineering. Some team from MRIAS was able to mills have survived in these survey the water wheel driven pump alternative uses for much longer at Mount Sion Print Works, near than they were used for their The early mill building, possibly a hand-loom weavers shop, in Exmouth Street, Burnley, Radcliffe, Lancashire in early April original purpose. The giant 3,000- which has been demolished over the past year Photo: Roger Holden 2010. Much still survives, but the loom Bankfield Shed in whole site has become considerably Barnoldswick had been used for Malvern Mill, built in 1911-12, is on development of north-light weaving overgrown from when George weaving for only 30 years before offer as a development site rather sheds and to generate enthusiasm Watkins photographed it in 1970 being turned over to Rolls-Royce for than as a building for re-use. On the for their retention and re-use. The and the masonry is in danger from aero engine production during the other hand, in Earby Albion Mill was resulting report Northern Lights: The tree roots. Second World War. Seventy years re-occupied for warehousing in Pennine Lancashire Northlight In Burnley what was clearly an later it is still used by Rolls-Royce, December 2009 after the previous Weaving Shed Study is available for early mill building in Exmouth Street who announced expansion plans in users, Damart Clothing, had moved download on the Lancashire County disappeared over the past year. 2009, although things are looking out in July. Damart had occupied the Council web-site (the easiest way to Although this has been described as less certain a year later. However, mill since cessation of weaving in find it is to put the title into Google). a spinning mill, its appearance elsewhere alternative uses have 1978. A local councillor commenting One criticism of the report would be suggested it could have been an themselves come to an end, putting on the mill being acquired for that it fails to take note of the fact early hand-loom factory. Nearby sheds under threat of demolition. further use even described it as a that, particularly in the Burnley and Finsley and Healey Royd Mills have For example, the occupiers of Pendle ‘superb building’. Pendle areas, many weaving mills been empty and under threat of Street Shed, Nelson, a large room- Concerned that weaving sheds had multi-storey warehouse and demolition for some time. In fact at and-power weaving mill of 1884 were too readily being demolished preparation blocks in addition to the Healey Royd Mill, which was a seen during the AIA 2007 Preston when they could have been re-used, north-light weaving shed itself. This combined spinning and weaving Conference, have moved out and a Design & Heritage Pennine would need to be taken into account mill, the weaving sheds have been planning application was submitted Lancashire, with the support of when considering re-use of a site, it demolished, but work has then earlier this year to demolish and English Heritage, the Heritage Trust would be unfortunate if this report ceased. Presumably development build houses on the site. This for the North West, the Lancashire led to re-use of weaving sheds while proposals for these sites have been application was thrown out by the County Council and local authorities warehouse blocks, which are an a victim of the recession. Moving Council on the basis that the commissioned a study by Purcell integral part of the mill, were onto Brierfield, Brierfield Mills was housing was of too high a density Miller Tritton into the re-use of demolished as unimportant. another combined spinning and and would generate too much weaving sheds. The object was to The demise of the University of weaving site, one of the few listed traffic. Further developments are provide a practical guide to all those Manchester Archaeology Unit and mills in East Lancashire. Latterly now awaited. Also in Nelson, involved in the conservation and the creation of the new Salford

Brierfield Mill, a rare example of a cotton spinning mill in East Lancashire, proposed for The appropriately named Complete Demolition contractors completing the demolition of conversion to an Islamic Girls Boarding School. Note the terraced housing which has been Middle Mill, Hopes Carr, Stockport, after the fire of 26 November 2009. Note the burnt-out empty and boarded up for several years as a result of a misguided council ‘regeneration’ shell of another building behind, the result of an earlier fire project Photo: Roger Holden Photo: Roger Holden

16 —INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 REGIONAL NEWS

Pendle Street Shed, Nelson, Lancashire, is a fine example of a room-and-power weaving mill of 1885. It has already lost its chimney and boiler house, and now faces a threat of total demolition Photo: Roger Holden

University Centre for Applied centre known as The Old Dock Archaeology was dealt with in IA Experience. They have also recently News 153, Summer 2010, p13. carried out an English Heritage Level Oxford Archaeology North, based in III-type survey of a late nineteenth- Lancaster, report a number of century jetty into Morecambe Bay fieldwork projects on industrial sites near Hest Bank, which was built to over the past year, including provide a link between local coastal nineteenth-century collieries, textile traffic and the Lancaster & Carlisle finishing works, iron works, Railway. Whilst clearly representing transport, and workers’ housing. a sizeable capital investment, the Colliery sites have included Bradford substantial stone-built jetty was Colliery, Manchester; Pewfall only in use for about 20 years, and Colliery, Ashton-in-Makerfield; became completely buried Windle Colliery, St Helens and Oak subsequently. In recent years, Colliery, Oldham. The excavations at however, the well-preserved outlets. The largest of the units, was renovated by a trust formed by Bradford Colliery, for example, remains have been exposed by occupied by the electronics firm twelve North Kent enthusiasts, and exposed the well-preserved buried coastal erosion. MEL, was demolished at the end of joins its sister vessel VIC56 which remains of numerous structures on Despite its rich industrial 2009. has been at Chatham since 2005. the pit bank, including winding and history, the North-West has, unlike Elsewhere in the region, the The steam tug Barking is now in fan engine houses together with the other regions, never managed to former cement works at Northfleet preservation at Faversham Creek. It foundations for a bank of six sustain a regular series of regional and Halling in Kent are being was used to transport materials for Lancashire boilers. Also in East IA conferences. The last was cleared. The last remaining part of the Beckton gasworks. Manchester, excavation was carried organised by MRIAS in 2007, but the Aveling and Porter works at Rochester Common has been out at Bradford Iron Works, an early this year the Merseyside Industrial Strood has now been demolished, cleared for development. No provider of wire for submarine Heritage Society have organised a although this firm moved to archaeological investigations of telegraph cables. Textile finishing conference at the National Grantham in the early 1930s and industrial sites on the Common sites were surveyed at Plantation Waterways Museum, Ellesmere Port, survives as part of the Aveling- appear to have been carried out, Mill, Accrington; Springwater Works, Cheshire, on Saturday 25 Barford company. The Parker Pen which include the eighteenth- Whitefield and Tootill Bleachworks, September, details are in the Diary factory at Newhaven will finally century Ross shipyard where East Bolton, excavations at the latter section. close in 2010. Production is being Indiamen and 3rd rate battleships revealing elements of a beam Roger N. Holden transferred to Nantes in France. were built. engine house and stone bleaching A museum entitled the ‘No. 1 The Folkestone Harbour branch vats. Workers’ housing was Smithery’ is to open at the Chatham railway has been closed, and the excavated at Angel Meadow, South East England Historic Dockyard in July 2010. This future of the line, viaduct, station Manchester and Bottling Wood, The decline of large-scale industry in has been created in partnership with and other buildings is now near Wigan. Bottling Wood was a the south-east is exemplified by the the National Maritime Museum and uncertain. Public consultations have centre for the domestic production continued demolition of the the Imperial War Museum to house been held about plans for the future of nails. buildings of the Manor Royal a great collection of artefacts, of Folkestone Harbour and seafront. In Liverpool, Oxford industrial estate in Crawley as models and art together with Another railway at threat is the Archaeology North have been manufacture moves abroad. Built in educational facilities. The preserved Sittingbourne and Kemsley Light involved with the excavation of the the 1950s, as part of the and restored building in itself is an Railway, with its early pre-stressed Old Dock since the initial discovery development of the new town, exhibit. The Victualling Inshore Craft concrete viaduct, now that the older of buried remains in 2001. The many with distinctive barrel roofs, VIC96 arrived at Chatham in August buildings of the Lloyds paper mill completion of this programme was they have been replaced by 2009. It was built in WWII on the have been demolished. A marked in April 2010 by the opening accommodation for such enterprises lines of the Scottish ‘puffer’ and regeneration scheme for the whole of a new interpretation and visitor as a media centre and fast-food served at Chatham and Sheerness. It area is likely to be proposed.

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —17 REGIONAL NEWS

Stuck in concrete but going away. The Calshot Spit light vessel in Southampton’s Ocean The lighthouse at the foot of the famous chalk cliff of Beachy Head may soon become Village is soon to find a new home Photo: Peter Stanier redundant. The 1902 granite tower has been unmanned since 1983 Photo: Peter Stanier

In Hampshire the Explosion! This move required the manufacture navigation equipment. At the A Sussex Hydropower Group Museum at Gosport has been taken of a cradle to allow the vessel to be Amberley Museum the de Witt lime was formed in early 2010, and an over by the Portsmouth Naval Base transported by road to the docks, kilns are being restored in the initial meeting held with Property Trust, and following where it will be thoroughly biggest project in the museum’s representatives from the Ouse Valley negotiations with Gosport Council inspected and a restoration history. Work began early in 2010 Energy Services Company and from the Trust plans to run a ferry across programme set up. The hull has been following the receipt of a grant of six of the watermills in Sussex. The Portsmouth Harbour to link with the found to be very sound. Proposals £400,000 from the Heritage Lottery objective is to consider the dockyard. There are plans to develop have been announced for a new Fund. This work involves structural possibilities of creating modern other buildings on the site, with the museum complex at Trafalgar dry repairs and strengthening and small-scale hydro power stations. possibility of new homes and a pub. dock and Berth 50, the centrepiece making the top of the kilns At Ockley in Surrey the The Heritage Lottery Fund has being a new aviation museum to waterproof. The insides of the kilns reconstruction by Peter James of the granted nearly £2m to enable a new replace Solent Sky and to be named will also be repaired and the railway smock mill, of which only the round- visitor centre and other facilities to Aeronautica. The complex will also tracks on either side replaced, house remained, is proceeding with be provided at Fort Nelson, one of accommodate ships such as the tug together with shedding over the the wooden superstructure the Palmerston chain of forts on tender Calshot and ML Medusa. A west platform. The latter will complete by March 2009. This has Portsdown Hill. £1.5m is being replica of the stern of Olympic is provide a location for volunteers to been constructed using as far as raised in matching funds. proposed to be located in the dry repair wagons. The final stage will possible the original methods and Demolition work began in dock. The scheme includes be to improve the access paths, materials. The interior is being fitted February of PS Ryde berthed at the arrangements to allow the public provide viewing points and out as a dwelling. The tallest post- Medina marina on the Isle of Wight, into parts of the docks. Funds have interpretation boards and exhibits. mill in the UK, at Tadworth in Surrey, but had to cease because of the yet to be found for this multi-million Opening of the restored kilns is is being repaired by Reigate and presence of asbestos. The present pound scheme. A feasibility study expected early in 2011. Banstead Council, at the expense of status of the work is not clear, but will be launched later this year. Work is continuing on the Wey the owner, who is looking for a trust the PS Ryde Trust has been assured The portable airship hangar at and Arun Canal to continue the canal to take over. It last worked in the that every effort will be made to Farnborough has been listed Grade to the next lock at Southland, north 1920s and damage inflicted by ensure that the vessel will be II. For many years it was divided into of Loxwood. A legacy has enabled bombing in WWII was repaired in carefully recorded and any key upper and lower parts and work to start at Shalford at the 1950. Since then little work appears features retained for use in other incorporated in other buildings, but junction of the canal with the Wey. to have been done. historic vessels. these have now been reunited and East Grinstead station on the At Brooklands on 21 November In Southampton Docks, it was located with other historic Bluebell Railway, at the junction 2009 the Vickers Vimy exhibition expected that the Calshot Spit light structures in what is now the with the main line, is well advanced. was opened. The Vimy replica will be vessel would be moved in mid-June Farnborough Business Park. The official opening of the new maintained there in an airworthy from Ocean Village to Berth 49 in In Sussex, the Beachy Head platform is scheduled for September condition and will be capable of the Eastern Docks, adjacent to the lighthouse is one of six listed for 2010. Track has been laid south of ground running. new Ocean Terminal. Funding is closure by Trinity House, on the the station as far as the Imberhorne Alan Thomas being provided by Barratts, the grounds that they are redundant cutting, which will allow the rubbish developers of the site, and PRISM. now that ships carry satellite filling to be removed by rail.

18 —INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 PUBLICATIONS Local Society and other periodicals received Watermen are also described. Well illustrated, including a batch of colour material, there is also good use of period maps. The volume lacks an overall Abstracts will appear in Industrial Archaeology Review. site map, which would admittedly be very crowded, and instead OS Explorer map references are given for many entries. Thankfully, end notes, Dorset Industrial Archaeology Society Bulletin, 27, May 2010 bibliography and index are all provided. Greater London Industrial Archaeology Society Newsletter, 247, April 2010, 248, June 2010 Isambard Kingdom Brunel Through Time, by John Christopher, Amberley Publishing, 2010. 96pp, 180 illus. ISBN 978 1 84868 963 3. £14.99. Hampshire Industrial Archaeology Society Focus, 74, June 2010 Using colour or sepia Hampshire Industrial Archaeology Society Journal, 18, 2010 throughout, this attractive book Hampshire Mills Group Newsletter, 89, Summer 2010 illustrates some of Brunel’s finest achievements. This is mainly a Historic Gas Tines, 63, June 2010 picture book, but brief summaries Journal of the Worcestershire IA & Local History Society, 38, Spring begin each of its three main 2010 sections. Of special interest are the Merseyside Industrial Heritage Society Newsletter, 300, Summer historic images set next to modern 2010 photographs sometimes taken from Museum of Bath at Work Newsletter, Summer 2010 the same view point. The short introduction includes pictures of the Northamptonshire Industrial Archaeology Group Newsletter, 114, Thames Tunnel between Wapping Spring 2010 and Rotherhithe. Under railways, North East Derbyshire Industrial Archaeology Society Newsletter, much space is devoted to the Great 38, May 2010 Western Railway and its works Scottish Industrial Heritage Society Bulletin, 55, June 2010 between Paddington and Bristol Surrey Industrial History Group Newsletter, 175, May 2010 Temple Meads stations, with sites along the way such as the TICCIH Bulletin, 48, 2nd quarter 2010 Maidenhead Bridge, Swindon works and village, Box and other tunnels, Bath WaterWords: News from the Waterworks Museum, Hereford, Spring station and Bristol Temple Meads. We are also shown Stroud and Frome 2010 stations. Further west is the South Devon Railway, with the failed Yorkshire Archaeological Society Industrial History Section atmospheric system along the coast near Dawlish, the route of which is now Newsletter, 79, Late Spring 2010 highly atmospheric in the scenic sense. The bridges section includes the Clifton Bridge, completed after Brunel’s death, the magnificent Royal Albert Bridge at Saltash, the Chepstow Bridge (since replaced), Brunel’s swing Books bridge at the entrance to Bristol Docks, and his viaducts in Cornwall. The final section deals with his steamships, principally the Great Britain, with Brick & Tile Making in Alderbury, by David Algar, Ken Grinstead & Brian pictures illustrating her restoration since returning to Bristol in 1970, and Johnson, Alderbury & Whaddon Local History Research Group, 2008. 32pp, the giant Great Eastern. 31 illus. ISBN 978-0-9538004-5-2. £3.00 plus 30p P+P from ‘Hawthorns’, Old Road, Alderbury, Salisbury, Wilts SP5 3AR. Alderbury lies to the east of Salisbury in Wiltshire. This small publication A BOOK OF BRIDGES traces the history of tile making back to the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries when tiles were made for the nearby royal palace at Clarendon. An Encylopaedia of Britain’s Bridges by David McFetrich is a fascinating The site of the tile works remains a mystery, so there is room for future and authoritative compendium that describes more than 1,650 bridges fieldwork. The rest of the book describes the history and production of hand- throughout Britain and is the most comprehensive single volume on the made bricks at Whaddon Brickworks witnessed during a visit back in 1966. subject yet published. A high-quality hardback book of 352 pages with A good selection of photographs and drawings also illustrate the processes approx. 700 illustrations, mostly in colour, it also contains general entries on of clay digging and preparation, throwing the bricks, drying the bricks, types of bridges and how they work, and lists record-breaking bridges in 50 loading the kiln and firing the kiln, which took place just twice a year. The categories. The anticipated publication date is September 2010. The book works closed soon afterwards and its site disappeared beneath the will be published by Priory Ash on a subscription basis at £45 (incl p&p) in Alderbury bypass in 1976. Although describing a specific rural brick and tile September, and will not be available in shops. Therefore to be sure of making site in Wiltshire, the book is highly readable and much is of securing your copy, please contact the publisher Priory Ash, 2 Denford Ash relevance to anyone interested in the subject. Cottages, Denford, Kettering, Northants NN14 4EW, or email: [email protected], as soon as possible. All books will be Ferries of the Lower Thames, by Joan Tucker, Amberley Publishing, 2010. individually signed by the author, and all those ordered before it goes to 222pp, 108 b&w & 25 colour illus. ISBN 978-1-84868-968-8. £19.99. press will contain a list of subscribers. The print run will be dictated by The author of Ferries of Gloucestershire (in similar format but for demand, so order now as there may not be another opportunity. another publisher) moves downriver for this study of the Thames from Staines to Yantlet Creek near Gravesend, the first of two planned surveys of the river. An eastwards route is followed in fourteen chapters, using the already tried-and-tested format of an essay on each ferry crossing, however minor, providing a series of stand-alone summaries. This works well in THE BOOK HOUSE handling a mass of detail in readable format. Some ferries deserve longer The leading industrial archaeology booksellers since treatment, Woolwich for example, ‘the best known of all Thames ferries’, free 1963 – books on all aspects of technology & transport to use and in operation now for over 120 years. There are sections on the LISTS ISSUED – FREE SEARCH SERVICE London Stone at Staines, marking the western boundary of the jurisdiction of the Lord Mayor and Corporation of the City of London, and on the London The Book House, Grand Prix Buildings, Brough, Kirkby Stephen CA17 4AY Stairs, a vanishing feature of river life (including a useful listing). The Tel: 01768 342748 www.thebookhouse.co.uk

INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS —154 —19 DIARY

10-15 AUGUST 2010 weekend. See the AIA website for changing scene in agriculture, RE-USING THE INDUSTRIAL more details. fenland farm machinery, farming Information for the diary PAST today and processing. For details, 25 SEPTEMBER 2010 should be sent directly to the at Tampere, Finland, a conference contact N.R. Wright, EMIAC 80, 32 organised by TICCIH/ ICOHTEC. For NWIA CONFERENCE Editor as soon as it is at the National Waterways Museum, Yarborough Road, Lincoln LN1 1HS. details, visit Ellesmere Port, Cheshire. Organised available. Dates of mailing www.tampere.fi/industrialpast2010/ 11 NOVEMBER 2010 by the Merseyside Industrial and last dates for receipt of callfor.html. EAST MIDLANDS Heritage Society. Includes lectures INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS copy are given below. Items 1-5 SEPTEMBER 2010 and museum behind-the-scenes DAY SCHOOL will normally appear in GREAT DORSET STEAM FAIR in Long Eaton, organised jointly by tours. For further details send SAE to successive issues up to the at Tarrant Hinton, near Blandford Renie Verity, 14 Ardern Lea, Alvanley, AIA and CBA. Topics will include the Forum, Dorset. Now in its 42nd year Frodsham, Cheshire WA6 9EQ or lace, cotton and hosiery industries of date of the event. Please and one of Europe’s largest outdoor Email: [email protected] the East Midlands. See AIA website ensure details are sent in if events, this ‘national heritage show’ for more details: www.industrial- 2 OCTOBER 2010 you wish your event to be has something for every interest. For archaeology.org. advised. details, see www.gdsf.co.uk. MILESTONE SOCIETY AGM at Black Country Living Museum, FEBRUARY 2011 3-5 SEPTEMBER 2010 where the Society’s inaugural NORTH WEST INDUSTRIAL More Diary Dates can be ENGAGING THE RECENT meeting was held in October 2000. BUILDINGS DAY SCHOOL found on the AIA website at PAST: PUBLIC, POLITICAL, For details email at Lancaster, the last in the regional www.industrial- POST-MEDIEVAL [email protected] or series organised jointly by AIA and archaeology.org ARCHAEOLOGY Tel. 01299 832338. Website: CBA. Advance notice only, date to be at the University of Glasgow, www.milestonesociety.co.uk. announced when available on the organised by the Society for Post- AIA website: medieval Archaeology. Visit website: 16 OCTOBER 2010 www.industrial-archaeology.org. www.spma.org.uk. EMIAC 80: A TASTE OF LINCOLNSHIRE 2 APRIL 2011 3-9 SEPTEMBER 2010 at University of Lincoln Holbeach SW&SWRIAC 42 AIA ANNUAL CONFERENCE Campus, Spalding, on the theme of at Risca, the 42nd South West and at Penryn, Cornwall, hosted by the Food and Farming in the Fens, South Wales Regional Industrial Trevithick Society, the AIA’s annual hosted by the Society for Archaeological Conference, hosted conference, followed by field visits Lincolnshire History and by Oxford House Industrial History INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY NEWS and evening lectures after the Archaeology. Papers include the Society. Advance notice only. (formerly AIA Bulletin ISSN 0309-0051) ISSN 1354-1455

Editor: Dr Peter Stanier

Published by the Association for Industrial Archaeology. Contributions should be sent to the Editor, Dr Peter Stanier, 49 Breach Lane, Shaftesbury, Dorset SP7 8LF. News and press releases may be sent to the Editor or the appropriate AIA Regional Correspondents. The Editor may be telephoned on 01747 854707 or e-mail: [email protected].

Final copy dates are as follows:

1 January for February mailing 1 April for May mailing 1 July for August mailing 1 October for November mailing

The AIA was established in 1973 to promote the study of Industrial Archaeology and encourage improved standards of recording, research, conservation and publication. It aims to assist and support regional and specialist survey groups and bodies involved in the preservation of industrial monuments, to represent the interests of Industrial Archaeology at national level, to hold conferences and seminars and to publish the results of research. The AIA publishes an annual Review and quarterly News bulletin. Further details may be obtained from the Liaison Officer, AIA Liaison Office, The Ironbridge Institute, Ironbridge Gorge Museum, Coalbrookdale, Telford TF8 7DX. Tel: 01325 359846.

Dining out in the old town of Rouen for Dinner, chez Paul – naturally! Paul Saulter appears with some AIA regulars The views expressed in this bulletin are (see inside, page 2) Photo: John Porter not necessarily those of the Association for Industrial Archaeology.

20 —© Association for Industrial Archaeology, August 2010 Registered in England under the Companies Act 1948 (No. 1326854) and the Charities Act 1960 (No. 277511) Registered office: c/o IGMT, Coach Road, Coalbrookdale, Telford, Shropshire TF8 7DQ Produced by TBC Print Services Limited, Blandford Forum, Dorset DT11 8ST