COVID-19 in Hepatology and Liver Transplantation See Page 348

EISSN 2148-5607 VOLUME 31 • ISSUE 5 • May 2020

TURKISH JOURNAL OF Gastroenterology O F F I C I A L J O U R N A L O F T H E T U R K I S H S O C I E T Y O F G A S T R O E N T E R O L O G Y

COVID-19 in Hepatology and Liver transplantation See page 348

356 FAS gene and IBD 362 Measurement of distensibility index in achalasia patients 368 pCR after preoperative CRT in rectal cancer 378 Polidocanol vs phenol in oil in haemorrhoids 384 Metabolic changes in HCV patients with new treatments 393 Family physicians’ role in hepatitis c infection

turkjgastroenterol.org INDEXED IN SCIENCE CITATION INDEX EXPANDED, AND PUBMED/MEDLINE TURK J GASTROENTEROL • APRIL 2020

Editor in Chief Murat Törüner Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

Senior Associate Editors Hale Akpınar Department of Gastroenterology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey

Ramazan İdilman Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

Associate Editors Meral Akdoğan Hale Gökcan Yeşim Öztürk Clinic of Gastroenterology, Ankara City Clinic of Gastroenterology, Ankara City Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey Canan Alkım İbrahim Hatemi Fatih Tekin Clinic of Gastroenterology, Şişli Etfal Department of Gastroenterology, İstanbul Department of Gastroenterology, Ege Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul, University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa School University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey Turkey of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey İlker Turan Ayhan Hilmi Çekin Gökhan Kabaçam Department of Gastroenterology, Ege University of Health Sciencies; Clinic of Department of Gastroenterology, Ankara University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey Gastroenterology Antalya Training and Güven Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey Enver Üçbilek Fatih Oğuz Önder Department of Gastroenterology, Mersin Dinç Dinçer Department of Gastroenterology, University School of Medicine, Mersin, Department of Gastroenterology, Akdeniz Acıbadem University School of Medicine, Turkey University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey Turkey

Ödül Eğritaş Gürkan Volkan Öter Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Clinic of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ankara Ankara University School of Medicine, City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Ankara, Turkey

International Associate Editor Statistical Editor Ahmet Gürakar Gülşah Şeydaoğlu Department of Gastroenterology and Department of Biostatistics, Çukurova Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University University School of Medicine, Adana, School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA Turkey

Publisher Publication Coordinators Project Coordinators Address: Büyükdere Cad. No: İbrahim KARA İrem DELİÇAY Doğan ORUÇ 105/9 34394 Mecidiyeköy, Şişli, Publication Director Arzu YILDIRIM Sİnem KOZ İstanbul-Turkey Ali ŞAHİN Deniz KAYA Graphics Department Phone: +90 212 217 17 00 Gülnur MERCAN Ünal ÖZER Fax: +90 212 217 22 92 Editorial Development Bahar ALBAYRAK E-mail: [email protected] Gizem KAYAN TEKAÜT Deniz Elif DURAN Finance and Administration Beyzanur KARABULUT Deputy Publication Director Zeynep YAKIŞIRER ÜREN Gökhan ÇİMEN Betül ÇİMEN

A-I Aims and Scope

Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology (Turk J Gastroenterol) is All expenses of the journal are covered by the Turkish Society the double-blind peer-reviewed, open access, international of Gastroenterology. Potential advertisers should contact publication organ of the Turkish Society of Gastroenterology. the Editorial Office. Advertisement images are published The journal is published monthly and its publication language only upon the Editor-in-Chief’s approval. is English. Statements or opinions expressed in the manuscripts Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology aims to publish published in the journal reflect the views of the author(s) and international at the highest clinical and scientific level on not the opinions of the Turkish Society of Gastroenterology, original issues of gastroenterology and hepatology. The editors, editorial board, and/or publisher; the editors, editorial journal publishes original papers, review articles, and letters board, and publisher disclaim any responsibility or liability for to the editor on clinical and experimental gastroenterology such materials. and hepatology. All published content is available online, free of charge at The editorial and publication processes of the journal are turkjgastroenterol.org. shaped in accordance with the guidelines of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), World Turkish Society of Gastroenterology holds the international Association of Medical Editors (WAME), Council of Science copyright of all the content published in the journal. Editors (CSE), Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), European Association of Science Editors (EASE), and National Editor in Chief: Prof. Murat Törüner Information Standards Organization (NISO). The journal is Address: Mustafa Kemal Mahallesi, 2126 Sokak, Kolbay İş in conformity with the Principles of Transparency and Best Merkezi, C blok, No.: 6-9, Çankaya, Ankara, TURKEY Practice in Scholarly Publishing (doaj.org/bestpractice). Phone: +90 312 284 15 11 Fax: +90 312 284 80 75 The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology is indexed in Science E-mail: [email protected] Citation Index Expanded, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and TUBITAK ULAKBIM TR Index. Publisher: AVES Address: Büyükdere Cad., 105/9 34394 Mecidiyeköy, Şişli, Processing and publication are free of charge with the İstanbul, TURKEY journal. No fees are requested from the authors at any Phone: +90 212 217 17 00 point throughout the evaluation and publication process. All Fax: +90 212 217 22 92 manuscripts must be submitted via the online submission E-mail: [email protected] system, which is available at turkjgastroenterol.org. The Web page: avesyayincilik.com journal guidelines, technical information, and the required forms are available on the journal’s web page.

A-II Instructions to Authors

Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology (Turk J Gastroenterol) is the ethics committee reports or an equivalent official document will double-blind peer-reviewed, open access, international publication be requested from the authors. For manuscripts concerning exper- organ of the Turkish Society of Gastroenterology. The journal is pub- imental research on humans, a statement should be included that lished monthly and its publication language is English. shows that written informed consent of patients and volunteers was obtained following a detailed explanation of the procedures that Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology aims to publish international they may undergo. For studies carried out on animals, the measures at the highest clinical and scientific level on original issues of gas- taken to prevent pain and suffering of the animals should be stat- troenterology and hepatology. The journal publishes original papers, ed clearly. Information on patient consent, the name of the ethics review articles and letters to the editor on clinical and experimental committee, and the ethics committee approval number should also gastroenterology and hepatology. be stated in the Materials and Methods section of the manuscript. It is the authors’ responsibility to carefully protect the patients’ ano- The editorial and publication processes of the journal are shaped in nymity. For photographs that may reveal the identity of the patients, accordance with the guidelines of the International Council of Med- releases signed by the patient or their legal representative should be ical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the World Association of Medical Edi- enclosed. tors (WAME), the Council of Science Editors (CSE), the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the European Association of Science All submissions are screened by a similarity detection software Editors (EASE), and National Information Standards Organization (iThenticate by CrossCheck). (NISO). The journal conforms to the Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing (doaj.org/bestpractice). In the event of alleged or suspected research misconduct, e.g., pla- giarism, citation manipulation, and data falsification/fabrication, the Originality, high scientific quality, and citation potential are the most Editorial Board will follow and act in accordance with COPE guide- important criteria for a manuscript to be accepted for publication. lines. Manuscripts submitted for evaluation should not have been previously presented or already published in an electronic or printed me- Each individual listed as an author should fulfill the authorship crite- dium. The journal should be informed of manuscripts that have been ria recommended by the International Committee of Medical Jour- submitted to another journal for evaluation and rejected for pub- nal Editors (ICMJE-www.icmje.org). The ICMJE recommends that lication. The submission of previous reviewer reports will expedite authorship be based on the following 4 criteria: the evaluation process. Manuscripts that have been presented in a meeting should be submitted with detailed information on the orga- 1. Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; nization, including the name, date, and location of the organization. or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND Manuscripts submitted to the Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology 2. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual will go through a double-blind peer-review process. Each submis- content; AND sion will be reviewed by at least two external, independent peer 3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND reviewers who are experts in their fields in order to ensure an un- 4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensur- biased evaluation process. The editorial board will invite an exter- ing that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of nal and independent editor to manage the evaluation processes of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved. manuscripts submitted by editors or by the editorial board members of the journal. The Editor in Chief is the final authority in the deci- In addition to being accountable for the parts of the work he/she sion-making process for all submissions. has done, an author should be able to identify which co-authors are responsible for specific other parts of the work. In addition, authors An approval of research protocols by the Ethics Committee in ac- should have confidence in the integrity of the contributions of their cordance with international agreements (World Medical Association co-authors. Declaration of Helsinki “Ethical Principles for Medical Research In- volving Human Subjects,” amended in October 2013, www.wma.net) All those designated as authors should meet all four criteria for au- is required for experimental, clinical, and drug studies. If required, thorship, and all who meet the four criteria should be identified as

A-III authors. Those who do not meet all four criteria should be acknowl- Statements or opinions expressed in the manuscripts published edged in the title page of the manuscript. in Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology reflect the views of the author(s) and not the opinions of the editors, the editorial board, or the Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology requires corresponding authors to publisher; the editors, the editorial board, and the publisher disclaim submit a signed and scanned version of the authorship contribution any responsibility or liability for such materials. The final responsibil- form (available for download through turkjgastroenterol.org) during ity in regard to the published content rests with the authors. the initial submission process in order to act appropriately on authorship rights and to prevent ghost or honorary authorship. If the editorial Manuscript Preparation board suspects a case of “gift authorship,” the submission will be re- The manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with ICMJE- jected without further review. As part of the submission of the man- Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publi- uscript, the corresponding author should also send a short statement cation of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals (updated in December declaring that he/she accepts to undertake all the responsibility for 2018 - http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf). Authors are required to prepare manuscripts in accordance with the CON- authorship during the submission and review stages of the manuscript. SORT guidelines for randomized research studies, STROBE guidelines for observational original research studies, STARD guidelines Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology requires and encourages the for studies on diagnostic accuracy, PRISMA guidelines for system- authors and the individuals involved in the evaluation process of atic reviews and meta-analysis, ARRIVE guidelines for experimental submitted manuscripts to disclose any existing or potential conflicts animal studies, and TREND guidelines for non-randomized public of interests, including financial, consultant, and institutional, that behavior. might lead to potential bias or a conflict of interest. Any financial grants or other support received for a submitted study from indi- Manuscripts can only be submitted through the journal’s online viduals or institutions should be disclosed to the Editorial Board. To manuscript submission and evaluation system, available at turkjgas- disclose a potential conflict of interest, the ICMJE Potential Conflict troenterol.org. Manuscripts submitted via any other medium will not of Interest Disclosure Form should be filled in and submitted by all be evaluated. contributing authors. Cases of a potential conflict of interest of the editors, authors, or reviewers are resolved by the journal’s Editorial Manuscripts submitted to the journal will first go through a technical Board within the scope of COPE and ICMJE guidelines. evaluation process where the editorial office staff will ensure that the manuscript has been prepared and submitted in accordance The Editorial Board of the journal handles all appeal and complaint with the journal’s guidelines. Submissions that do not conform to cases within the scope of COPE guidelines. In such cases, authors the journal’s guidelines will be returned to the submitting author should get in direct contact with the editorial office regarding their with technical correction requests. appeals and complaints. When needed, an ombudsperson may be assigned to resolve cases that cannot be resolved internally. The Ed- Authors are required to submit the following: itor in Chief is the final authority in the decision-making process for • Copyright Transfer Form, all appeals and complaints. • Author Contributions Form, and • ICMJE Potential Conflict of Interest Disclosure Form (should be When submitting a manuscript to Turkish Journal of Gastroenter- filled in by all contributing authors) during the initial submis- ology, authors accept to assign the copyright of their manuscript to sion. These forms are available for download at turkjgastroen- the Turkish Society of Gastroenterology. If rejected for publication, terol.org. the copyright of the manuscript will be assigned back to the authors. Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology requires each submission to be Preparation of the Manuscript accompanied by a Copyright Transfer Form (available for download Title page: A separate title page should be submitted with all sub- at turkjgastroenterol.org). When using previously published content, missions and this page should include: including figures, tables, or any other material in both print and elec- • The full title of the manuscript as well as a short title (running tronic formats, authors must obtain permission from the copyright head) of no more than 50 characters, holder. Legal, financial and criminal liabilities in this regard belong to • Name(s), affiliations, and highest academic degree(s) of the the author(s). author(s),

A-IV • Grant information and detailed information on the other sourc- al statistical reporting standards (Altman DG, Gore SM, Gardner MJ, es of support, Pocock SJ. Statistical guidelines for contributors to medical jour- • Name, address, telephone (including the mobile phone number) nals. Br Med J 1983: 7; 1489-93). Information on statistical analyses and fax numbers, and email address of the corresponding au- should be provided with a separate subheading under the Materi- thor, als and Methods section and the statistical software that was used • Acknowledgment of the individuals who contributed to the during the process must be specified. preparation of the manuscript but who do not fulfill the authorship criteria. Units should be prepared in accordance with the International Sys- tem of Units (SI). Abstract An English abstract should be submitted with all submissions ex- Editorial Comments cept for Letters to the Editor. Submitting a Turkish abstract is not Editorial comments aim to provide a brief critical commentary by compulsory for international authors. The abstract of Original Arti- reviewers with expertise or with high reputation in the topic of the cles should be structured with subheadings (Background/Aims, Ma- research article published in the journal. Authors are selected and in- terials and Methods, Results, and Conclusion). Please check Table 1 vited by the journal to provide such comments. Abstract, Keywords, below for word count specifications. and Tables, Figures, Images, and other media are not included.

Table 1. Limitations for each manuscript type Review Articles Type of Word Abstract Reference Table Figure Reviews prepared by authors who have extensive knowledge on a manuscript limit word limit limit limit limit particular field and whose scientific background has been translat- Original 3500 250 30 6 7 or total of ed into a high volume of publications with a high citation potential Article (Structured) 15 images are welcomed. These authors may even be invited by the journal. Reviews should describe, discuss, and evaluate the current level Review 5000 250 50 6 10 or total of of knowledge of a topic in clinical practice and should guide future Article 20 images studies. The main text should contain Introduction, Clinical and Re- Letter to 1000 No 5 No 2 or total of search Consequences, and Conclusion sections. Please check Table the Editor abstract tables 4 images 1 for the limitations for Review Articles. Diagnostic 1200 No 5 No 7 or total of Challenge abstract tables 15 images Letters to the Editor This type of manuscript discusses important parts, overlooked as- Keywords: Each submission must be accompanied by a minimum of pects, or lacking parts of a previously published article. Articles on three to a maximum of six keywords for subject indexing at the end subjects within the scope of the journal that might attract the read- of the abstract. The keywords should be listed in full without abbre- ers’ attention, particularly educative and rare cases, may also be viations. The keywords should be selected from the National Library submitted in the form of a “Letter to the Editor.” Readers can also of Medicine, Medical Subject Headings database (https://www.nlm. present their comments on the published manuscripts in the form nih.gov/mesh/MBrowser.html). of a “Letter to the Editor.” Abstract, Keywords, and Tables, Figures, Images, and other media should not be included. The text should be Manuscript Types unstructured. The manuscript that is being commented on must be Original Articles: This is the most important type of article since it properly cited within this manuscript. provides new information based on original research. The main text of original articles should be structured with Introduction, Materials Diagnostic Challenge and Methods, Results, and Discussion subheadings. Please check Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology encourages authors to submit Table 1 for the limitations for Original Articles. their striking clinical images that may challenge and inform readers and contribute to their education. This type of submissions Statistical analysis to support conclusions is usually necessary. Sta- should present the image as an “unknown” and should encourage tistical analyses must be conducted in accordance with internation- the readers to interpret and diagnose the image. The answer will be

A-V presented on a separate page of the issue so the main text or the When a drug, product, hardware, or software program is mentioned title should not reveal the answer. The case should be described in within the main text, product information, including the name of the the first part; the answer should discuss the image findings and the product, the producer of the product, and city and the country of diagnosis. The article should not be longer than 1200 words. the company (including the state if in USA), should be provided in parentheses in the following format: “Discovery St PET/CT scanner Quick look to guidelines (General Electric, Milwaukee, WI, USA)” These manuscripts are summaries of published guidelines. Abstract, Keywords, and Tables, Figures, Images, and other media should not All references, tables, and figures should be referred to within the be included. The text should be unstructured. The guideline that is main text, and they should be numbered consecutively in the order being summarized must be properly cited within the manuscript. they are referred to within the main text. Limitations, drawbacks, and the shortcomings of original articles should be mentioned in the Discussion section before the conclusion paragraph. Tables Tables should be included in the main document, presented after References the reference list, and they should be numbered consecutively in While citing publications, preference should be given to the latest, most the order they are referred to within the main text. A descriptive up-to-date publications. If an ahead-of-print publication is cited, the title must be placed above the tables. Abbreviations used in the DOI number should be provided. Authors are responsible for the accu- tables should be defined below the tables by footnotes (even if racy of references. Journal titles should be abbreviated in accordance they are defined within the main text). Tables should be created with the journal abbreviations in Index Medicus/ MEDLINE/PubMed. using the “insert table” command of the word processing soft- When there are six or fewer authors, all authors should be listed. If there ware and they should be arranged clearly to provide easy reading. are seven or more authors, the first three authors should be listed fol- Data presented in the tables should not be a repetition of the data lowed by “et al.” In the main text of the manuscript, references should presented within the main text but should be supporting the main be cited using Arabic numbers in parentheses. The reference styles for text. different types of publications are presented in the following examples.

Figures and Figure Legends Journal Article Figures, graphics, and photographs should be submitted as separate Rankovic A, Rancic N, Jovanovic M, et al. Impact of imaging diagnos- files (in TIFF or JPEG format) through the submission system. The tics on the budget - Are we spending too much? Vojnosanit Pregl files should not be embedded in a Word document or the main doc- 2013; 70: 709-11. ument. When there are figure subunits, the subunits should not be merged to form a single image. Each subunit should be submitted Book Section separately through the submission system. Images should not be la- Suh KN, Keystone JS. Malaria and babesiosis. Gorbach SL, Barlett beled (a, b, c, etc.) to indicate figure subunits. Thick and thin arrows, JG, Blacklow NR, editors. Infectious Diseases. Philadelphia: Lippin- arrowheads, stars, asterisks, and similar marks can be used on the cott Williams; 2004.p.2290-308. images to support figure legends. Like the rest of the submission, the figures too should be blind. Any information within the images Books with a Single Author that may indicate an individual or institution should be blinded. The Sweetman SC. Martindale the Complete Drug Reference. 34th ed. minimum resolution of each submitted figure should be 300 DPI. London: Pharmaceutical Press; 2005. To prevent delays in the evaluation process, all submitted figures should be clear in resolution and large in size (minimum dimensions: Editor(s) as Author 100×100 mm). Figure legends should be listed at the end of the main Huizing EH, de Groot JAM, editors. Functional reconstructive nasal document. surgery. Stuttgart-New York: Thieme; 2003.

All acronyms and abbreviations used in the manuscript should be Conference Proceedings defined at first use, both in the abstract and in the main text. The Bengisson S. Sothemin BG. Enforcement of data protection, privacy abbreviation should be provided in parentheses following the defi- and security in medical informatics. In: Lun KC, Degoulet P, Piemme nition. TE, Rienhoff O, editors. MEDINFO 92. Proceedings of the 7th World

A-VI Congress on Medical Informatics; 1992 Sept 6-10; Geneva, Switzer- by point how each issue raised by the reviewers has been covered land. Amsterdam: North-Holland; 1992. pp.1561-5. and where it can be found (each reviewer’s comment, followed by the author’s reply and line numbers where the changes have been Scientific or Technical Report made) as well as an annotated copy of the main document. Revised Cusick M, Chew EY, Hoogwerf B, Agrón E, Wu L, Lindley A, et al. Early manuscripts must be submitted within 30 days from the date of Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Risk fac- the decision letter. If the revised version of the manuscript is not tors for renal replacement therapy in the Early Treatment Diabetic submitted within the allocated time, the revision option may be Retinopathy Study (ETDRS), Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy canceled. If the submitting author(s) believe that additional time is Study Kidney Int: 2004. Report No: 26. required, they should request this extension before the initial 30- day period is over. Thesis McCracken Jenna Mae. Mechanisms and consequences of neutro- Accepted manuscripts are copy-edited for grammar, punctuation, phil apoptosis inhibition by Francisella tularensis. University of Iowa, and format. Once the publication process of a manuscript is com- PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) thesis, 2017. pleted, it is published online on the journal’s webpage as an ahead- of-print publication before it is included in its scheduled issue. A Manuscripts Accepted for Publication, PDF proof of the accepted manuscript is sent to the corresponding Not Published Yet author and their publication approval is requested within 2 days of Slots J. The microflora of black stain on human primary teeth. Scand their receipt of the proof. J Dent Res. 1974. Editor in Chief: Prof. Murat Törüner Epub Ahead of Print Articles Address: Mustafa Kemal Mahallesi, 2126 Sokak, Kolbay İş Merkezi, Cai L, Yeh BM, Westphalen AC, Roberts JP, Wang ZJ. Adult living C blok, No.: 6-9, Çankaya, Ankara, TURKEY donor liver imaging. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2016 Feb 24. doi: 10.5152/ Phone: +90 312 284 15 11 dir.2016.15323. [Epub ahead of print]. Fax: +90 312 284 80 75 E-mail: [email protected] Manuscripts Published in Electronic Format Morse SS. Factors in the emergence of infectious diseases. Emerg Publisher: AVES Infect Dis (serial online) 1995 Jan-Mar (cited 1996 June 5): 1(1): (24 Address: Büyükdere Cad., 105/9 34394 screens). Available from: URL: http:/ www.cdc.gov/ncidodlElD/cid.htm. Mecidiyeköy, Şişli, İstanbul, TURKEY Phone: +90 212 217 17 00 Revisions Fax: +90 212 217 22 92 When submitting a revised version of a paper, the author must E-mail: [email protected] submit a detailed “Response to the reviewers” that states point Web page: avesyayincilik.com

A-VII Table of Contents

Review Liver

348 The COVID-19 pandemic: clinical practice advice for 384 The impact of direct-acting antiviral treatment gastroenterologists, hepatologists, and liver transplant on lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in chronic specialists hepatitis C patients: temporary? permanent? Gökhan Kabaçam, Murat Dayangaç, Enver Üçbilek, Cemal Nuri Erçin, Osman Özdoğan, Serkan Yaraş, Fehmi Ateş, Enver Üçbilek, Orhan Sezgin, Fulya Günsar, Murat Akyıldız, Mesut Akarsu, Mehmet Demir, Sabahattin Engin Altıntaş Kaymakoğlu, Zeki Karasu, Ramazan İdilman 393 Can family physicians have a role in eradication of Original Articles hepatitis c infection? Ahmet Rıza Şahin, Ayşegül Erdoğan, Kadir Gisi, Murat İspiroğlu, Selma Ateş, Gastrointestinal Tract Ramazan Azim Okyay, Selçuk Nazik, Bülent Kantarçeken

356 The role of FAS gene variants in inflammatory bowel Basic&Translational disease Ayhan Demir, Resul Kahraman, Gonca Candan, Arzu Ergen 400 Human dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells alleviate T cell response in inflamed tissue of Crohn’s 362 Clinical usefulness of esophagogastric junction patients distensibility measurement in patients with achalasia Noushin Zibandeh, Deniz Genç, Yazgül Duran, Munhtsetseg Banzragch, before and after peroral endoscopic myotomy Sakina Sokwala, Kamil Göker, Özlen Atuğ, Tunç Akkoç Junsu Chang, In kyung Yoo, Süleyman Günay, Zehra Betül Paköz, Joo young Diagnostic Challenge Cho 410 A tiny lesion arising within Barrett’s esophagus 368 Prognostic significance of early complete Francesco Pugliese, Giulia Bonato, Lorenzo Dioscoridi, Marcello Cintolo, response in patients with locally advanced rectal Maria Costanza Aquilano, Edoardo Forti, Aurora Giannetti, Angelo Italia, cancer undergoing preoperative chemoradiotherapy: Massimiliano Mutignani Multicentric study of Turkish Society for Radiation Oncology Group (TROD) Letter to the Editor Diclehan Kılıç, Fatma Sert, İlknur Bilkay Görken, Zümre Arıcan Alıcıkuş, Nesrin Aktürk, Esra Kaytan Sağlam, Ahmet Kizir, Serdar Özkök, Hasan Taylan Yılmaz, 413 The first report of colonic involvement of Füsun Göçen, Deniz Yalman angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma İlker Turan, Nazan Özsan, Başak Doğanavşargil, Eren Arslan Davulcu, Hale 378 Polidocanol versus phenol in oil injection Bülbül sclerotherapy in treatment of internal hemorrhoids: A randomized controlled trial Sandeep Mishra, Ashok Kumar Sahoo, Elamurugan Thirthar Palanivelu, Sadasivan Jag

A-VIII