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Mass Delusions and Hysterias / Highlights from the Past Millennium (Skeptical Inquirer May 2000) Page 1 Sur 14
Mass Delusions and Hysterias / Highlights from the Past Millennium (Skeptical Inquirer May 2000) Page 1 sur 14 Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal Home » Contact CSICOP » Search: CSICOP On-line G o Home : Skeptical Inquirer magazine : May/June 2000 : Buy this back issue Mass Delusions and Hysterias Highlights from the Past Millennium Over the past millennium, mass delusions and hysterical outbreaks have taken many forms. Sociologists Robert Bartholomew and Erich Goode survey some of the more colorful cases. Robert E. Bartholomew and Erich Goode The turn of the second millennium has brought about, in the Western world at least, an outpouring of concern about cosmic matters. A major portion of this concern has taken a delusional, even hysterical turn, specifically in imagining an end-of-the-world scenario. "The end of the world is near," predicts Karl de Nostredame, supposedly the "last living descendent" of Nostradamus; "White House knows doomsday date!" he claims (Wolfe 1999, 8). Against this backdrop, it seems an appropriate time to survey a sample of social delusions and group hysterias from the past millennium. Given the enormous volume of literature, we will limit our list to the more colorful episodes. The study of collective delusions most commonly falls within the domain of sociologists working in the sub-field of collective behavior, and psychologists specializing in social psychology. Collective delusions are typified as the spontaneous, rapid spread of false or exaggerated beliefs within a population at large, temporarily affecting a particular region, culture, or country. Mass hysteria is most commonly studied by psychiatrists and physicians. -
Catatonia and Melancholia
Department of Psychiatry Columbia University, College of P&S NYS Psychiatric Institute DDIIVVIISSIIOONN OOFF BBRRAAIINN SSTTIIMMUULLAATTIIOONN AANNDD TTHHEERRAAPPEEUUTTIICC MMOODDUULLAATTIIOONN SSPPEECCIIAALL LLEECCTTUURREE MMaaxx FFiinnkk,, MM..DD.. PPrrooffeessssoorr ooff PPssyycchhiiiaattrryy aanndd NNeeuurroollooggyy EEmmeerriiittuuss SSUUNNYY,,, SSttoonnyy BBrrooookk CCaattaattoonniiaa aanndd MMeellaanncchhoolliiaa:: RReessppoonnssiivvee ssyynnddrroommeess Wednesday October 22, 2008 12:00 PM to 1:00 PM Location: New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Rm. 6601 (Board Room) (Enter Kolb Annex, 40 Haven Ave., turn rt., walk though atrium, across bridge over Riverside Dr. to new NYSPI, walk south along main corridor) (See over for speaker brief biography and J Club paper) About Max Fink, M.D. Dr. Max Fink is one of the world’s leading experts in Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT). Since 1972, he has been at SUNY at Stony Brook, where he is Professor of Psychiatry and Neurology Emeritus. Since 1997, he has also been on the faculty at AECOM and the LIJ-Hillside Medical Center. Dr. Fink's studies of ECT began at Hillside Hospital in 1952, and he has published broadly on predictors of outcome in ECT, effects of seizures on EEG and speech, hypotheses of the mode of action, and how to achieve an effective treatment. In 1972, with Drs. Seymour Kety and James McGaugh, he organized an NIMH sponsored conference on the biology of convulsive therapy which resulted in the volume Psychobiology of Convulsive Therapy (1974). In 1979, he published the textbook Convulsive Therapy: Theory and Practice (Raven Press, 306 pp.). In 1984, he established CONVULSIVE THERAPY, a quarterly scientific journal (renamed Journal of ECT). From 1975 to 1978, and again from 1987 to 1990, he was a member of the Task Forces on Electroconvulsive Therapy of the American Psychiatric Association. -
HB-05298 Mendelsohn, Stephen
Stephen Mendelsohn 171 Hartford Road, #19 New Britain, CT 06053-1532 [email protected] Testimony in support of HB 5298, An Act Concerning Involuntary Shock Therapy Senator Gerratana, Rep. Johnson, and members of the Public Health Committee: As a psychiatric survivor and member of Second Thoughts Connecticut, I strongly support HB 5298, An Act Concerning Involuntary Shock Therapy. This bill seeks to protect the right of people to say no to electroshock, a controversial and brain-disabling psychiatric intervention. While I have never had electroshock or insulin coma, being mislabeled "paranoid schizophrenic" and coerced into taking disabling neuroleptic drugs was horrible enough. HB 5298 is a modest bill. It does not ban electroshock, as the voters of Berkeley, CA did in a 1982 ballot referendum that passed with nearly 62% of the vote. The National Council on Disability, which Cathy Ludlum will cite in her testimony, has also taken a position against electroshock as a treatment modality (in addition to opposing forced treatment generally). According to an NCD report, "Public policy should move toward the elimination of electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery as unproven and inherently inhumane procedures." What we should strive for is fully informed, uncoerced consent. Unfortunately, institutional psychiatry is riddled with force, coercion, and deception, making truly informed consent difficult, if not nearly impossible. One cannot give informed consent to ECT if one is being threatened with involuntary commitment or forced drugging for refusing to sign the consent form. I would therefore urge you to consider strengthening this legislation by requiring "written informed, uncoerced consent" in section 17a-543 of the Connecticut General Statutes. -
Clinical Practice to Change with Divorce of Catatonia and Schizophrenia
GUEST EDITORIAL Clinical Practice to Change With Divorce of Catatonia and Schizophrenia Max Fink, MD atatonia is a motor dysregulation syndrome of acute onset that is marked by stupor, mutism, C negativism, refusal of food, posturing, rigidity, and repetitive speech and movement. It follows a mild systemic illness, more often in the young. Some forms are malignant with high fever, delirium, tachycardia, hypertension, and sweating, occasionally leading to death. For all the 20th century, in each revision of the classification of psychiatric disorders, catatonia has only been designated as a type within the poorly conceived concept of ‘‘schizophrenia’’. Effective treatments for catatonia, sedative anticonvulsant agents and induced seizures (electroconvulsive therapy [ECT]), were devel- oped in the 1930s. Although they were dramatically effective for catatonia, they offered little benefit for schizophrenia. The diagnostic limitation of catatonia only as a type of schizophrenia blocked catatonic patients from effective treatments. Indeed, prescribing neuroleptic drugs for catatonic pa- tients not only offered inadequate treatments but also subjected them to the risks of precipitated malignant catatonia labeled ‘‘neuroleptic malignant syndrome.’’ The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), divorce of catatonia from schizophrenia ben- efits both patients and clinicians.1,2 Catatonia was delineated by the German psychiatrist Karl Kahlbaum from among the patients in his sanitarium in 1874. He described 26 case examples in a small book titled ‘‘Die Katatonie oder das Spannungsirresein’’V‘‘Catatonia or the tension insanity’’.3 Catatonia was described in patients with thought, mood, and speech disorders and those having the systemic diseases of tuberculosis, neurosyphilis, and epilepsy. -
Shock Therapy in Danish Psychiatry
Medical History, 2010, 54: 341–364 Shock Therapy in Danish Psychiatry JESPER VACZY KRAGH* In the last decade, a new history of shock therapy in psychiatry has emerged. Electroshock or electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in particular has attracted the attention of the scholars German Berrios, Roberta Passioni and Max Fink, who have each examined the scientific origins of the therapy.1 Timothy W Kneeland and Carol A B Warren have explored its history in the United States, and Jonathan Sadowsky has analysed its reception by American psychoanalysts in the twentieth century.2 Most recently, the extensive monograph Shock therapy by Edward Shorter and David Healy has provided new insights into the invention of ECT in Italy and its use in the United States and in several other countries.3 Specialized studies of the portrayal of ECT in films, popular magazines, and of patient consent to the therapy in Britain have also been published.4 The former image of ECT as a brutal and brain-disabling treatment has been challenged by this new literature. Instead, the recent studies have focused on the life-saving results of shock therapy and its positive effect on depression, characterizing ECT as the “penicillin of psychiatry”.5 The contemporary rise of electroconvulsive therapy has undoubtedly influenced its his- toriography. ECT is thus undergoing a comeback, and the historical literature on the treatment has been accompanied by a series of books advocating its benefits in psychiatry today.6 However, criticism of shock therapy has not ceased, and unfavourable studies of © Jesper Vaczy Kragh 2010 illness, New Brunswick, Rutgers University Press, 2008. -
American Popular Magazine Accounts of Electroconvulsive Therapy, 1940–2005
jhbs441_01_20283.qxp 12/17/07 6:17 PM Page 1 Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, Vol. 44(1), 1–18 Winter 2008 Published online in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jhbs.20283 © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. HISTORY, POWER, AND ELECTRICITY: AMERICAN POPULAR MAGAZINE ACCOUNTS OF ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY, 1940–2005 LAURA HIRSHBEIN* AND SHARMALIE SARVANANDA Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a psychiatric treatment that has been in use in the United States since the 1940s. During the whole of its existence, it has been extensively discussed and debated within American popular magazines. While initial reports of the treatment highlighted its benefits to patients, accounts by the 1970s and 1980s were increasingly polarized. This article analyzes the popular accounts over time, particularly the ways in which the debates over ECT have revolved around different interpretations of ECT’s history and its power dynamics. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. On June 25, 2005, NBC aired a Today Show interview of actor Tom Cruise during which Cruise took to task fellow actor Brooke Shields about her decision to take antidepressant medication. His remarks centered not on medication, though, but rather on the psychiatric enterprise as a whole, including electroconvulsive therapy: I’ve never agreed with psychiatry, ever. Before I was a Scientologist I never agreed with psychiatry. And when I started studying the history of psychiatry, I understood more and more why I didn’t believe in psychology.... Here we are today, where I talk out against drugs and psychiatric abuses of electric shocking people, okay, against their will, of drugging children with them not knowing the effects of these drugs... -
Layout One 9/8/11 3:00 PM Page 1
1064 SBU HeadlinesNewsletter_FALL2011_layout one 9/8/11 3:00 PM Page 1 STONY BROOK UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHIATRY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE H| PATIENTead CARE | EDUCATION | RESEARCH | COMMUNITYlines | VOLUME 2, NUMBER 2, FALL 2011 | LOOK INSIDE Very Distinguished Company 2 Message from the Chairman 3 Collaboration Improves Lives of hen Max Fink, MD, accepts the Thomas W. Salmon Award from the New York Academy of Medicine on November 29 he will join Adolf Meyer, Karl People with Alzheimer’s Disease W Menninger, John Bowbly, Julius Axelrod and other psychiatric luminaries who have received the award in recognition of their outstanding contributions in psychiatry 4 Attachment Theory: An Interview and neurology. with Professor Judith Crowell, MD “I don’t know why I was chosen,” Dr. Fink said. “I am not a mover and shaker like 6 Mandating Treatment, most people on the list. This is very distinguished company.” Offering Hope: Marsha Karant, “Dr. Fink was chosen because of his immense service to medicine and psychiatry,” MD, and the AOT Program said Robert Michels, MD, University Professor and former Chairman of Psychiatry and Dean of Medicine at Cornell University, and Chairman of the Salmon Award Selection 7 Chief Resident: Committee. “Max Fink has had an extraordinary career, promoting high quality science Michael Rosen, MD based on empirical research and focused on patient treatment. He has been a mentor to major researchers who have gone on to make significant contributions of their own. 8 Psychiatric Diagnoses He has published hundreds of original papers and a dozen books.” Shift Over Time By his own account, Dr. -
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Task Force Reports This is the fourteenth in a series of reports approved by the Board of Trustees of the American Psychiatric Association to give wider dissemination to the findings of APA's many commissions, committees, and task forces that are called upon to evaluate the state of the art in a problem area of current concern to the profession, to related disciplines, and to the public. The findings, opinions, and conclusions of the report do not necessarily represent the views of the officers, trustees, or all members of the Association. Each report, however, does represent the thoughtful judgment and findings of the task force of experts who composed it. These reports are considered a substantive contribution to the ongoing analysis and evaluation of problems, programs, issues, and practices in a given area of concern. Jules H. Masserman, M.D. President, APA, 1978-79 September 1978 Library of Congress Catalogue No. 78-69521 Copyright 1978 by the American Psychiatric Association 1700 18th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009 ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY Report of the Task Force on Electroconvulsive Therapy of the American Psychiatric Association Fred H. Frankel, M.B.Ch.B., D.P.M. Chairperson T. George Bidder, M.D. Max Fink, M.D. Michel R. Mandel, M.D. Iver F. Small, M.D. George J. Wayne, Ph.D., M.D. Larry R. Squire, Ph.D., Consultant Edward N. Dutton, M.D., Falk Fellow Lee Gurel, Ph.D., Staff Liaison Approved for Publication by the Council on Research and Development Lester Grinspoon, M.D. Chairperson Edward Joel Sachar, M.D. -
July 2015 CURRICULUMVITAE WILLIAM JULIUS WILSON Lewis P
July 2015 C U R R I C U L U M V I T A E WILLIAM JULIUS WILSON Lewis P. and Linda L. Geyser University Professor Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy Harvard Kennedy School Harvard University 79 JFK Street (617) 496-4514 Cambridge, MA 02138 (617) 495-5834 (fax) E-mail: [email protected] SUMMARY OF EDUCATION 1958 Wilberforce University BA, Sociology/History 1961 Bowling Green State University MA, Sociology/History 1966 Washington State University Ph.D., Sociology/Anthropology ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS 1998- Lewis P. and Linda L. Geyser University Professor Harvard University 1996-1998 Malcolm Wiener Professor of Social Policy Harvard University 1996- Director, Joblessness and Urban Poverty Research Program, Malcolm Wiener Center for Social Policy 1990-1996 Lucy Flower University Professor, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 2 1990-1996 Director, Center for the Study of Urban Inequality, School of Public Policy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 1989-1990 French-American Foundation Visiting Professor of American Studies, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, France 1984-1990 Lucy Flower Distinguished Service Professor, Department of Sociology and School of Public Policy, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 1984-1987 Chairman, Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 1984-1987 Acting Director, Center for the Study of Industrial Societies, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 1980-1984 Lucy Flower Professor of Urban Sociology, Department of Sociology, University of Chicago, -
Soviet and Syrian Jewry
UN Secretariat Item Scan - Barcode - Record Title Page 11 Date 17/05/2006 Time 3:35:45 PM S-0881-0007-02-00001 Expanded Number S-0881-0007-02-00001 Title |tems-in-Political-Security Council Affairs (PSCA) Analysis - Human Rights: Soviet and Syrian Jewry Date Created 24/11/1970 Record Type Archival Item Container s-0881-0007: Peace-Keeping Operations Files of the Secretary-General: U Thant - PSCA Analysis (Political-Security Council Affairs) Print Name of Person Submit Image Signature of Person Submit 70-26287 np Translated from Russian Permanent Mission of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to the United Nations 2k November 1970 No. 559 .The Permanent Mission of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics to the United Nations presents its compliments to the United States Mission and has the honour to make the following' statement: On the evening of 23 November, during a motion picture showing organized for foreign diplomats at the USSR Mission, a group of hooligans belonging to the so-called "Jewish Defense League" assembled outside the Mission building and engaged in noisy disturbances and choruses of abusive shouting. A number of members of this hooligan group in an automobile tried to break through the police barrier along the sidewalk and Mission building and drove on to the sidewalk, endangering some foreign diplomats entering the Mission building. Some other members of this hostile hooligan group tried to break into the Mission building. The outrageous anH intolerable actions of these Zionist hooligans inevitably interfered with the normal functioning of the Mission and the progress of the reception for foreign diplomats. -
PDF Vol 1 History
Comments of Present and Former Colleagues and Graduate Students on This Book “What a completely wonderful, beautiful book! I look forward to reading it. I was really moved by the inscription you wrote. Thank you so much. It is hard for me to believe, but I am now the most senior member of the department. I’m doing my best to keep the spirit of intellectual pluralism and adventurousness alive, but sometimes it is hard given all of the pressures the department is under. Your book, I think, will do much to remind people of values and spirit which have sustained us.” - Erik Wright, colleague, University of Wisconsin (deceased Jan. 22, 2019) “I have recently joined what I suspect are the exclusive ranks of those who have read the entirety of your 1200 plus page colossal, encyclopedic history of the UW Sociology Department (and its Rural Sociology and Anthropology offspring). When I embarked on the Political Science history, I tracked down most of the dozen or so departmental histories then in existence; I can attest that none of them re- motely compare to yours in their scope, the richness of their detail, or the extraor- dinary scope of the research that you undertook. The accomplishment becomes all the more impressive if, as you suggest in the foreword, you were entirely on your own in this venture, and did not have the funding that I did to hire several research assistants. The amount of material you gathered, and the rich biographical de- tail you provide about the generations of Department faculty as well as many of the graduate students is truly breathtaking. -
AN ORAL HISTORY of NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY the FIRST FIFTY YEARS Peer Interviews
AN ORAL HISTORY OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY THE FIRST FIFTY YEARS Peer Interviews Volume Two: Neurophysiology Copyright © 2011 ACNP Thomas A. Ban (series editor) AN ORAL HISTORY OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY Max Fink (volume editor) VOLUME 2: Neurophysiology All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner without written permission from the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ACNP). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Thomas A. Ban, Max Fink (eds): An Oral History of Neuropsychopharmacology: The First Fifty Years, Peer Interviews Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN: 1461161452 ISBN-13: 9781461161455 1. Electroencephalography and neurophysiology 2. Pharmaco-EEG 3. Sleep EEG 4. Cerebral blood flow 5. Brain metabolism 6. Brain imaging Publisher: ACNP ACNP Executive Office 5034A Thoroughbred Lane Brentwood, Tennessee 37027 U.S.A. Email: [email protected] Website: www.acnp.org Cover design by Jessie Blackwell; JBlackwell Design www.jblackwelldesign.com AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AN ORAL HISTORY OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY THE FIRST FIFTY YEARS Peer Interviews Edited by Thomas A. Ban Co-editors Volume 1: Starting Up - Edward Shorter Volume 2: Neurophysiology - Max Fink Volume 3: Neuropharmacology - Fridolin Sulser Volume 4: Psychopharmacology - Jerome Levine Volume 5: Neuropsychopharmacology - Samuel Gershon Volume 6: Addiction - Herbert D. Kleber Volume 7: Special Areas - Barry Blackwell Volume 8: Diverse Topics - Carl Salzman Volume 9: Update - Barry Blackwell Volume 10: History of the ACNP - Martin M. Katz VOLUME 2 NEUROPHYSIOLOGY ACNP 2011 VOLUME 2 Max Fink NEUROPHYSIOLOGY Preface Thomas A. Ban Dedicated to the Memory of Jonathan O. Cole, President ACNP, 1966 PREFACE Thomas A. Ban In Volume 1 of this series, 22 clinicians and basic scientists reflected on their contributions to the “starting up” of neuropsychopharmacology (NPP).