DOCSLIB.ORG

A HISTORICAL JOURNEY HISTORY NOTEBOOK Culture Science Education Services Name:

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A HISTORICAL JOURNEY HISTORY NOTEBOOK Culture Science Education Services Name: HISTORY NOTEBOOK FROM YEARS 9OLD A HISTORICAL JOURNEY First Name: .............................................. Name: ...................................................... PRIMARY Culture Science Education Services www.memorial-caen.com WELCOME TO THE CAEN MÉMORIAL This museum opened in 1988 will take you through the history of the 20th century. Your booklet will guide you through the various spaces in the Mémorial that are dedicated to the Second World War. Flags of countries that fought during Building in the shape of a limestone rock Fault symbolising PRIMARY the Battle of Normandy. broken in two, symbolising the damage the breach opened by suffered by the city of Caen. the Allies during D-Day. On each page of this booklet, you will find: The French Resistance 1 In the orange square: A photo of the room YEARS FRANCE IN THE DARK where you have to go. Look for this Name: photograph in the room and write down the name Using information ………………...........................……......................... of this Resistance fi ghter. from the text, give a name to this photo. 2 In the speech-bubbles: Questions. Stones Non-Violence Phrase by Paul Dorey, from Caen, and messages is a sculpture made by the Swedish speaking in the name of Normandy given by various Carl Fredrik Reuterswärd. One of the « Pain crushed me, fraternity put me In a rectangle: A text that countries when copies of this piece was installed on the back up, a river of freedom gushed 3 will help you answer the questions, the Mémorial forecourt of the UN headquarters in from my wound ». opened in 1988. New York. or that you can read after the visit of the museum. A bit of help: General de Gaulle, pictured in this photograph, refuses the defeat of France. He takes refuge in This Resistance fi ghter London. On 18th June 1940, he puts out an appeal on is called: the radio, and urges people to resist the Germans and SUMMARY ……………………......................................... Pétain. It is the « Appeal of 18th June ». 1918 1939 1940 1944 1945 A notepad to give you more details. What are the actions 4 taken by the Resistance in France? Link up these Page 4: Page 6: FromPage « Phoney8: France WarPage is occupied» 9:to DailyFrenchPage life defeat 10: under ThePage the French 11:Occupation Resist ResistancePage from 12: From LondonPage European 14: FromPage War persecution 16: to Total WorldPage war toWar18: exterminationand The Pagethe Allies end 19: getof The the readyPage D-Day war 20:for objects D-Day6thPage June 22: 1944: Remembering D-DayPage the 23: Second World War sentences to the photos. From the end of the First World War Arromanches 360 ANTI-SEMITISM: • to the beginning of the Second World War circular cinema They help the people wanted by the Germans (Resistance • fi ghters, Jews, etc) by giving them false ID papers. • The hatred of Jews, accused They carry out acts of sabotage against the Germans. • of being responsible for all the problems, is called 10 They denounce the Nazi propaganda, and appeal to the Resistance by spreading leafl ets and underground newspapers. • Anti-Semitism. All the Jews, • including children, are affected. The Anti-Semitism SPECIMEN SPECIMENdeveloped by the Nazis spreads the persecution of 02 the Jews to all the conque- 03 red countries including France. From the end of the First Place Great Britain and World War to the beginning Germany in the The victorious allies (France, Great Britain, table below: of the Second World War USA and Italy) sign a peace treaty in In 1919 THE FAILURE OF PEACE THE FAILURE Versailles that imposed serious sanctions on defeated Germany: loss of territory, VICTORS VANQUISHED shrinking of the army, payment of war damages. The democracies hope that this United States You enter a spiral. You can see it in the middle of this page. war will be “the last of the last”. Italy Follow it, it will show you the events from 1918 to 1939. France ATTENTION: Start on this map at the beginning of the spiral! ........................... .......................... 1919 On 11th November 1918, the war is over. Benito Mussolini is pictured in The toll is terrible: this photograph. From 1922, he 1922 10 million people died. establishes a dictatorship in Italy. 1918 In what way does this photo show that he is .............................................................. an authoritarian .............................................................. 1939 leader? .............................................................. The Second World .............................................................. War is declared. Beginning .............................................................. of the spiral 1933 Once he is in power, Hitler imposes his dictatorship on 1929 Germany. The Third Reich An economical crisis leads to replaces the Republic of Weimar. unemployment, extreme poverty and What you need to remember: sometimes violence. Look at the photos on the wall. Since 1933, Hitler has been trying to extend his territory. It weakens European countries. Can you tell that Germany is Germany invades Poland on 1st September, 1939. getting ready for the war? France and Great Britain then declare war on Germany. Explain your answer. The Second World War starts. 55 million people will die. ............................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................... SPECIMEN SPECIMEN............................................................................................................... 04 ............................................................................................................... 05 ............................................................................................................... From “Phoney War”... ... to French defeat 1940 FRANCE IN THE DARK YEARS FRANCE IN THE DARK © Bundesarchiv, Bild 146-1971-083-01 Foto : Tritschler In this caricature: The Battle of Britain What is this English Walk towards the displays on the right and on the left. soldier looking at in From June 1940, England, the sky? Getting ready for war changes gathered behind her leader the life of civilians. Winston Churchill, is threatened .................................................... with invasion. England will resist .................................................... .................................................... Link up these thanks to her air force. three sentences (Those drawings and photographs are not Caricature published on to the displayed in the museum.) 18th June, 1940, Civilians have to: • in the Evening Standard. documents. Take refuge in shelters. • • In July 1940, Great Britain rejects Hitler’s peace proposal, and is expecting the worst. English children Use a gas mask. • are taken to the North of the country to find refuge. Buy war bonds to finance military operations. • • May-June 1940 7th-30thBlitz over September London 10th May 1940 French defeat 3rd September 1939 Germany invades France Great Britain and France declare war on Germany Go towards the back of the room. Between 7th and What you need 10th September, the « Blitz » over As you leave the area, there to remember: London kills 7,000 is an archive film displayed England has resisted heroically Londoners. But the on the right, going over against the Nazi attack launched German bombers the different stages of the during the autumn of 1940, and is also suffer heavy French defeat. now the only free European country losses. Hitler is then SPECIMEN at warSPECIMEN against Germany. forced to postpone 06 his attack. 07.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • World War II and Australia
    Essay from “Australia’s Foreign Wars: Origins, Costs, Future?!” http://www.anu.edu.au/emeritus/members/pages/ian_buckley/ This Essay (illustrated) also available on The British Empire at: http://www.britishempire.co.uk/article/australiaswars9.htm 9. World War II and Australia A. September 3, 1939, War 1 (a) Poland Invaded, Britain Declares War, Australia Follows (b) Britain continues ‘Standing By’ – the Phoney War (c) German U-boat and Air Superiority B. Early Defeats 5 (a) Norway, then France, Fall (b) A British Settlement with Hitler? (c) Challenge to Churchill’s leadership fails C. Germany invades Russia 11 (a) Germany Invades Russia, June 22, 1941 (b) Churchill and Roosevelt Meet – the Atlantic Charter D. Japan Enters WWII 16 (a) Early lightning gains – with historical roots (b) Singapore Falls; facing invasion, Australia fights back (c) Midway Battle turns the Naval Tide (d) Young Australians repel forces aimed at Port Moresby (e) Its Security Assured, how then should Australia have fought the Pacific War? E. Back to ‘Germany First’& further delaying the Second Front 30 (a) The Strategy and Rationale (b) Post-Stalingrad Eastern Front: January 1943 – May 1945 (c) Britain’s Contribution to ‘Winning the War against Germany’ F. The Dominions and the RAF’s Air War on Germany (a) The Origins of the ‘Empire Air Training Scheme’ (EATS) 35 (b) EATS and the Defence of Australia - any Connection? (c) Air Operations – Europe (d) Ill-used Australian Aircrew (e) RAF Bomber Command and its Operations – (see Official UK, US Reports!) (f) A contrast: US Air Force’s Specific Target Bombing from mid-1944 G.
    [Show full text]
  • Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal 46
    ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY JOURNAL 46 2 The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the contributors concerned and are not necessarily those held by the Royal Air Force Historical Society. First published in the UK in 2009 by the Royal Air Force Historical Society All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission from the Publisher in writing. ISSN 1361 4231 Printed by Windrush Group Windrush House Avenue Two Station Lane Witney OX28 4XW 3 ROYAL AIR FORCE HISTORICAL SOCIETY President Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Michael Beetham GCB CBE DFC AFC Vice-President Air Marshal Sir Frederick Sowrey KCB CBE AFC Committee Chairman Air Vice-Marshal N B Baldwin CB CBE FRAeS Vice-Chairman Group Captain J D Heron OBE Secretary Group Captain K J Dearman FRAeS Membership Secretary Dr Jack Dunham PhD CPsychol AMRAeS Treasurer J Boyes TD CA Members Air Commodore G R Pitchfork MBE BA FRAes *J S Cox Esq BA MA *Dr M A Fopp MA FMA FIMgt *Group Captain A J Byford MA MA RAF *Wing Commander P K Kendall BSc ARCS MA RAF Wing Commander C Cummings Editor & Publications Wing Commander C G Jefford MBE BA Manager *Ex Officio 4 CONTENTS OPENING ADDRESS – Air Chf Mshl Sir David Cousins 7 THE NORTHERN MEDITERRANEAN 1943-1945 by Wg 9 Cdr Andrew Brookes AIRBORNE FORCES IN THE NORTH MEDITERRANEAN 20 THEATRE OF OPERATIONS by Wg Cdr Colin Cummings DID ALLIED AIR INTERDICTION
    [Show full text]
  • Western Europe 1939-1945 1941-1945
    WESTERN EUROPE 1939-1945 1941-1945 1939 1941 http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/ Page 1 WESTERN EUROPE 1939-1945 Transcript (1939-1941) 0:00 After the First World War the Treaty of Versailles placed strict terms on Germany to prevent it from threatening its neighbours. From 1933 the new German leader, Adolf Hitler, began to challenge these restrictions which created a growing level of tension in Europe. First he moved troops back into the Rhineland area of Germany in March 1936 – this was supposed to be a demilitarised area between Germany and France. 0:28 Next in 1938 he took over neighbouring areas countries which had German- speaking populations, including Austria, Memel and then the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia. By 1939 the whole of Czechoslovakia was under German control, either directly or through puppet leaders whom Hitler controlled. By the autumn of 1939 he had his eyes on Poland. On September 1st German forces invaded Poland. Two days later Britain and France declared war on Germany. They had promised to defend Poland against German attack. 1:09 In reality, Britain and France could do little to help Poland. German forces used tactics known as Blitzkrieg, or Lightning War. Tanks, aircraft and motorised vehicles co-ordinated by radio allowed the Germans to make rapid advances. When the USSR invaded Poland from the East on September 17th, it was only a matter of time before the country was carved up between the two invaders. 1:36 The Polish capital, Warsaw, fell on September 27th. After the fall of Poland there was a relatively quite period sometimes called the Phoney War.
    [Show full text]
  • The Battle of Britain, 1945–1965 : the Air Ministry and the Few / Garry Campion
    Copyrighted material – 978–0–230–28454–8 © Garry Campion 2015 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2015 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN 978–0–230–28454–8 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
    [Show full text]
  • 2499 Prelims 7/4/03 2:40 Pm Page I
    Atkin 2 colours 30/4/03 4:54 pm Page 1 It is widely assumed that the French in the Cover illustration: A French soldier and two of his British Isles during the Second World War comrades, coming from Dunkirk, receive a snack THE were fully-fledged supporters of General after landing in Great Britain, 1940. Courtesy of Photos12.com – Oasis de Gaulle, and that across the channel at FORGOTTEN least, the French were a ‘nation of THE ATKIN resisters’. This highly provocative study reveals that most exiles were on British FORGOTTEN FRENCH soil by chance rather than by design, and Exiles in the British Isles, 1940-44 many were not sure whether to stay. FRENCH Overlooked by historians, who have Exiles in the British Isles, 1940-44 concentrated on the ‘Free French’ of de Gaulle, these were the ‘Forgotten French’: The forgotten French refugees swept off the beaches of Dunkirk; servicemen held in camps after the Franco-German armistice; Vichy consular officials left to cater for their compatriots; and a sizeable colonist community based mainly in London. This is a really interesting and important work, which will Drawing on little-known archival sources, this study examines the hopes and fears of be of interest to scholars of twentieth-century Britain and these communities who were bitterly France because it throws light on so many other issues. divided among themselves, some being attracted to Pétain as much as to de Dr Richard Vinen, King’s College, London Gaulle. It also looks at how they fitted into British life and how the British in turn responded.
    [Show full text]
  • No 7: 'Weather Services at War' by K D Anderson
    OCCASIONAL PAPERS ON METEOROLOGICAL HISTORY No.7 WEATHER SERVICES AT WAR by K D Anderson Published by THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY’S History of Meteorology and Physical Oceanography Special Interest Group JANUARY 2009 PUBLISHED ONLINE ONLY 104 OXFORD ROAD – READING – RG1 7LL – UNITED KINGDOM Telephone: +44 (0)118 956 8500 Fax: +44 (0)118 956 8571 E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.rmets.org Registered charity number 208222 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 1 FRIDAY 10 MAY 1940 ........................................................................................................................... 2 MONDAY 13 MAY 1940 ......................................................................................................................... 4 TUESDAY 14 MAY 1940........................................................................................................................ 6 WEDNESDAY 15 MAY 1940.................................................................................................................. 7 THURSDAY 16 MAY 1940 ..................................................................................................................... 7 FRIDAY 17 MAY 1940............................................................................................................................ 8 SATURDAY 18 MAY 1940 ....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Fall of France 1940 1St Edition Pdf, Epub, Ebook
    THE FALL OF FRANCE 1940 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Andrew Shennan | 9781315293684 | | | | | The Fall of France 1940 1st edition PDF Book The British garrison there surrendered on 25 May, although 4, men were evacuated by Royal Navy ships. One assault lasted for eight hours on the extreme north of the line, costing the Germans 46 dead and wounded, while just two French were killed one at Ferme-Chappy and one at Fermont fortress. Weygand had only 64 French divisions and the 51st Highland Infantry Division available. GQG considered that the Second and Ninth armies had the easiest task of the army group, dug in on the west bank of the Meuse on ground that was easily defended and behind the Ardennes, a considerable obstacle, the traversing of which would give plenty of warning of a German attack in the centre of the French front. France mobilised about one-third of the male population between the ages of 20 and 45, bringing the strength of its armed forces to 5,, Germany : 27, dead [e] , wounded 18, missing [6] [7] [8] 1, aircrew killed [9] 1, aircraft lost [6] [10] — [11] tanks lost [f] , total casualties Italy : 6,—6, [g]. In two days, the bomber force had been reduced from to Find out more on Wikipedia's Sister projects. It flew 1, bombing and 1, fighter sorties. Italy entered the war on 10 June Huntziger considered this at least a defensive success and limited his efforts to protecting the flank. The French Army consisted of three army groups. Air War Over France, — Readers also enjoyed.
    [Show full text]
  • Enduring the Battle of Britain and the Blitz
    Running head: ENDURING THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN AND THE BLTIZ 1 Enduring the Battle of Britain and the Blitz Perseverance of the British Home Front from 1940-1941 Tyler Smith A Senior Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation in the Honors Program Liberty University Fall 2016 ENDURING THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN AND THE BLITZ 2 Acceptance of Senior Honors Thesis This Senior Honors Thesis is accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for graduation from the Honors Program of Liberty University. ______________________________ David Snead, Ph.D. Thesis Chair ______________________________ Michael Davis, Ph.D. Committee Member ______________________________ Andrea Beam, Ed.D. Committee Member ______________________________ Brenda Ayres, Ph.D. Honors Director ______________________________ Date ENDURING THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN AND THE BLITZ 3 Abstract The Blitz was a roughly nine-month mass bombing of London and other cities in Great Britain by the German Luftwaffe in 1940-1941. It was a time of great destruction and death but also of unity and courage among the British people. After the war had ended, Winston Churchill described how “for a year, all alone, the people of this island defied the tyrants of the world and held the fort for freedom until other great nations, themselves assailed, came into the line of battle.”1 The Germans aimed to achieve a decisive defeat of Britain. They believed that by attacking the civilian population, the people would be miserable and desperate enough to sue for peace. Instead, the opposite occurred. Great Britain unified and defied the conventional expectations, not only resisting defeat but eventually even convincing the Germans that the effort was futile.
    [Show full text]
  • THE BATTLE of DUNKIRK 1940 Belligerents
    THE BATTLE OF DUNKIRK 1940 DATE: MAY 26 – JUNE 04 1940 Belligerents Germany United Kingdom France Morocco Polish exiles Belgium Canada Netherlands Dunkirk, and the evacuation associated with the troops trapped on Dunkirk, was called a "miracle" by Winston Churchill. As the Wehrmacht swept through western Europe in the spring of 1940, using Blitzkrieg, both the French and British armies could not stop the onslaught. For the people in western Europe, World War Two was about to start for real. The "Phoney War" was now over. The advancing German Army trapped the British and French armies on the beaches around Dunkirk. 330,000 men were trapped here and they were a sitting target for the Germans. Admiral Ramsey, based in Dover, formulated Operation Dynamo to get off of the beaches as many men as was possible. The British troops, led by Lord John Gort, were professional soldiers from the British Expeditionary Force; trained men that we could not afford to lose. From May 26th 1940, small ships transferred soldiers to larger ones which then brought them back to a port in southern Britain. The beach at Dunkirk was on a shallow slope so no large boat could get near to the actual beaches where the men were. Therefore, smaller boats were needed to take on board men who would then be transferred to a larger boat based further off shore. 800 of these legendary "little ships" were used. Despite attacks from German fighter and bomber planes, the Wehrmacht never launched a full-scale attack on the beaches of Dunkirk. Panzer tank crews awaited the order from Hitler but it never came.
    [Show full text]
  • Graham Thomas Clews
    Churchill and the Phoney War A Study in Folly and Frustration Graham Thomas Clews A thesis in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities and Social Sciences UNSW Canberra 2016 The University of New South Wales Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Clews First names: Graham Thomas Degree: PhD Faculty: History School: School of Humanities and Social Science Title ofThesis: Churchill and the Phoney War: A Study in Folly and Frustration Abstract The Phoney War is a comparatively neglected period in studies of Churchill and war. Yet, this was a time of an extraordinary transformation in Churchill's fortunes: he returned from almost a decade in the political wilderness to take an active role in the strategic direction of the war and then became Prime Minister. This study reassesses the nature and significance of Churchill's contribution to Britain's war effort during the Phoney War. The issues and events considered are those Churchill believed important and upon which he spent much time and energy but, nevertheless, are matters that have been inadequately explored, are misunderstood, or remain controversial in the scholarship. There is little here of the 'public' Churchill of the evocative speeches and 'bull dog' persona. This is a study of the Churchill the public did not see, the man of the Admiralty war rooms, of staff meetings, of the War Cabinet and its committees; all places in which he developed his priorities for victory. The thesis is in two parts. The first deals with Churchill as First Lord and focuses on his supervision of the anti-U-boat war; his attempts to develop a naval offensive and his view of appropriate naval strategy; and his contribution to the building of the navy he considered necessary to fight his war.
    [Show full text]
  • 'Where Are We Going?' International Relations and the Voice from Below*1
    Review of International Studies (1999), 25, 107–122 Copyright © British International Studies Association ‘Where are we going?’ International Relations and the voice from below*1 CHRISTOPHER HILL Introduction They tell us that the Pharoahs built the pyramids. Well, the Pharoahs didn’t lift their little fingers. The pyramids were built by thousands of anonymous slaves . and it’s the same thing for the Second World War. There were masses of books on the subject. But what was the war like for those who lived it, who fought? I want to hear their stories.2 Writing about international relations is in part a history of writing about the people. The subject sprang from a desire to prevent the horrors of the Great War once again being visited upon the masses and since then some of its main themes have been international cooperation, decolonisation, poverty and development, and more recently issues of gender. All these subjects have been founded in a normative commitment to help what Studs Terkel called ‘so-called ordinary people’.3 Thus people who are not professionally involved in international relations, as diplomats, politicians, soldiers, journalists, lawyers or academics, have figured in the literature and in the canon of concerns which has driven it along. It could hardly be otherwise in an age which has seen the creation of a single international system, the explosion of the world’s population, the spread of democratic ideas, the systematic slaughter of millions and the invention of weapons of mass destruction. In accounts of these great events, however, the people have almost always appeared as objects, not subjects.
    [Show full text]
  • Blitzkrieg – Boulogne
    Blitzkrieg – Boulogne An Introductory Scenario for BFWW2 May 23rd 1940 Scenario written by Richard de Ferrars and Paddy Green Historical Overview The Schlieffen Plan of 1914 had demonstrated the vulnerability of France’s borders to an outflanking move through Belgium and, given how close the Germans had come to victory in 1914, everyone anticipated that this would be their battle-plan once again. Soon after the war had begun in 1939, Britain and France manned defensive positions from Switzerland to the Channel coast, later refined by a controversial plan to move forwards into the Low Countries should Germany fail to respect their neutrality. The month of May 1940 was the month when everything changed. At the start of May 1940, the war was still being called “The Phoney War”. The Germans waited, perfecting “Plan Yellow” – the Blitzkrieg offensive that would destroy France. By the end of May 1940, the world had been stunned at the rapidity of the fall of France. The “miracle of Dunkirk” was drawing to a close as the remnants of the British army were evacuated. Hitler’s Panzers had achieved even more than he had believed possible, but it almost did not happen. Many of us perceive Blitzkrieg as a doctrine developed by the Germans throughout the inter-war years. It was in fact very much in its infancy when they invaded Poland in September 1939. Yes, the Germans had worked hard at developing excellent integration of infantry, armour, artillery and air-power. But Blitzkrieg took this a step further – armoured divisions sweeping forward en-masse, creating breaches in the enemy line so wide and so deep that open flanks became irrelevant, using air-power as mobile artillery.
    [Show full text]