1 Droughts in the area of Poland in recent centuries in the light of multi- 2 proxy data 3 4 Rajmund Przybylak1 ORCID: 0000-0003-4101-6116, Piotr Oliński2 ORCID: 0000-0003-1428- 5 0800, Marcin Koprowski3 ORCID: 0000-0002-0583-4165, Janusz Filipiak4 ORCID: 0000-0002- 6 4491-3886, Aleksandra Pospieszyńska1 ORCID: 0000-0003-2532-7168, Waldemar 7 Chorążyczewski2 ORCID: 0000-0002-0063-0032, Radosław Puchałka3 ORCID: 0000-0002- 8 4764-0705, and Henryk P. Dąbrowski5 ORCID:0000-0002-8846-5042 9 1 Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, 10 Poland 11 2 Department of Medieval History, Institute of History and Archival Sciences, Faculty of History, Nicolaus 12 Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland 13 3 Department of Ecology and Biogeography, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Nicolaus Copernicus 14 University, Toruń, Poland 15 4 Department of Meteorology and Climatology, Institute of Geography, Faculty of Oceanography and Geography, 16 University of Gdansk, Poland 17 5 Dendroarchaeological Laboratory, Archaeological Museum in Biskupin, Biskupin, Poland 18 19 Correspondence to: R. Przybylak (
[email protected]) 20 21 Abstract: The history of drought occurrence in Poland in the last millennium is poorly known. To improve this 22 knowledge we have conducted a comprehensive analysis using both proxy data (documentary and 23 dendrochronological) and instrumental measurements of precipitation. The paper presents the main features of 24 droughts in Poland in recent centuries, including their frequency of occurrence, coverage, duration and intensity. The 25 reconstructions of droughts based on all the mentioned sources of data covered the period 996–2015.