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The Library •-- ! of Photius % Volume I y t? TRANSLATIONS OF 1 CHRISTIAN LITERATURE a i THE LIBRARY •-- ! OF PHOTIUS % VOLUME I. ^r J, H. FREESE i i i i ! i , rt^Mj^iyij|j(|ij j ! |.|| M|i |U|i|y eS-'^-v'im..*!., TRANSLATIONS OF CHRISTIAN LITERATURE General Editors : W. J. SPARROW SIMPSON, D.D., W. K. LOWTHER CLARKE, B.D. SERIES I GREEK TEXTS PHOTIUS VOL. I. TRM51AnO¥^ OF CFM^TIM LITERATirRE . $EBIES I GREEK TEXT5 ( \ THE LIBRAKY OF PHOTIUS VOLUMEI i Sy JHFREESE. SOCIETY FOR PROMOTING CHRISTIAN KNOWLEDGE. London The Macmillan Corapanuipanu .l^evv\ork J 1920 \s^o^^ Printed in Great Britain by Richard Clay ^^ Sons, Limited, brunswick st., stamford st., s.e. i, and bungay, suffolk / 920 / PREFACE It is proposed to issue the present translation of the Biblio- theca in will of Photius five volumes ; a sixth contain an account of his life and works, a Bibliography, and a General Index to the whole. A translator of the Bihliotheca has apparently an open field. So far as can be ascertained, no complete version exists in English or any other modern language, although there are English translations or editions of some of the longer extracts [e.g, Ctesias' Indica), of some of the literary criticisms,^ of selected codices (chiefly on profane authors) in Italian by G. Compagnoni,^ a well-known Milanese literary man and states- man (1754-1834), and of the whole in Latin by the learned in Jesuit Andreas Schott^ Migne's Patrologia Graeca (vol. ciii.). * The text is unfortunately in many places unsatisfactory, and no critical edition has been attempted for nearly a hundred years — since 1824, the date of Immanuel Bekker's edition. The nature of the work, a sort of enlarged table of contents, often leaves the meaning and connexion obscure, when there ^ exist no complete texts or other means of supplementing it. ^ i. in G. Saintsbury, History of Criticism, 176 ; La Rue van Hook Trans- actions of the American Philological Association (xxxviii. 1907) and Classical Philology (iv. Chicago, 1909), and here and there in books such as Hodgkin's Italy and her Invaders, Bury's Later Roman Empire, ^ Vols. xlv. xlvi. oi Biblioteca Scelta di opere greche e latine. ^ Born and died at Antwerp (i 552-1629). After a wandering life he finally settled down as professor of Greek at the Jesuit college in his native city. He was an indefatigable translator and editor. The translation of Photius is of unequal merit, and it is supposed that in parts it is the work of a young and less competent colleague. * See E. Martini, Textgeschichte der Bibliothek dts Patriarchen Photios (1911). ' It would be difficult, for instance, to get a clear idea of the story of Heliodorus's Theagenes and Chariclea from Photius's abstract alone. vi PREFACE The present translator, in the endeavour to obtain as satis- factory a rendering as possible, has constantly consulted the most important literary, theological, and historical works and encyclopaedias bearing on the wide field covered by the exten- sive reading of Photius. Naturally, there is little scope for elegance of translation, and in the literary criticisms it is by no means easy to find a correct and adequate English equivalent for the terms used. In the matter of notes, the number of personal and geo- graphical names, of historical allusions, is so large that any attempt to deal with them at length would have swamped the text and reduced it to a kind of peg on which to hang a minia- ture encyclopaedia. In the case of persons familiar to all only a brief note has been given, sufficient for the purposes of identifi- cation (often necessary where there are several persons of the same name), so that those desirous of further information should know for whom to look in the usual biographical and other dictionaries. In the case of names less familiar and points arising directly from the text, the details given are somewhat fuller. In the Bibliography a Hst of the most useful general works of reference and of special editions or accounts of the authors criticised in the Bibliotheca will be given. The present work makes no claim to contain a complete exegetical or critical commentary, but is a somewhat free translation intended to give the ordinary reader an idea of the literary activity of the chief representative of the so-called Byzantine Renaissance. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF AUTHORS CRITICISED IN VOL. I Achilles, Tat i us. Clitophon Basil of Cilicia. Ecclesiastical and Leucippe (LXXXVII) History (XLII) ; Against John Acts of the disputation of heretics, Scythopolita {CYU) held before John, patriarch of Basil the Great. Refutation of Constantinople (XXIV) Eunomius (CXXXVIII) ; Asce- to tica Adrian (Hadrian). Introduction (CXLIV) ; Hexaemeron the Scriptures (II) (CXLI) ; Moral Discourses Letters Adrian (Hadrian), emperor. De- (CXLII) ; (CXLIII) clamations (C) Boethus. List of Platonic Words Aeschines. Orations and Letters (CLIV); Doubtful Words in (LXI) Plato (CLV) Against the Jews and Quarto- decimans. Anonymous (CXV) Amyntianus. On Alexander the Caius (Gaius) Presbyter. On the Great (CXXXI) Universe (XLYll I) Andronicianus. Against the Euno- Candidus. Histories (LXXIX) mians (XLV) Cephalion. Historical Epitome Aphthonius. Declamations (LXVIII) (CXXXIII) Charinus, Lucius. Travels of the Apolinarius of Hierapolis. Against Apostles (CXIV) the Heathen, On Piety and Choricius. Declamations (CLX) Truth (XIV) Clement (Titus Flavius Clemens), Apology for Origen and his presbyter, of Alexandria. Out- lines Tutor Doctrines. Anonymous (CXVII) (CIX); The (CX) ; Appian. Roman History [l^V 11) Stromateis (CXI) A r r i a n . Parthica, Bithynica, Clement (Clemens Romanus), of Discourses of Epictetus (LVIII) ; bishop Rome. Apostolic Indica, Campaigns of Alex- Constitutions, Recognitions ander the Great Events to the (XCI); (CXII, CXIII) ; Epistles after the Death of Alexander Corinthians (CXXVI) The Acts o n o n. (XCII) ; Bithynica, of C Against Philoponus Dion and Timoleon (XCIII) (XXIII) Letters Athanasius. (XXXII) ; Cosmas Indicopleustes. Christian Commentary on Ecclesiastes and Topography, Exposition of the the Song of Songs (CXXXIX); Octateuch (XXXYI) Against Arius (CXL) Ctesias. Persica (LXXII) Vll viii ALPHABETICAL LIST OF AUTHORS CRITICISED Cyril of Alexandria. Against Preface to Additions to the Ecclesiastical Nestonus (XLIX) ; Thesauri History of Euse- (CXXXVI) bius (LXXXIX); Against the Anomoeans (CII) Damascius. Incredible Things George, bishop of Alexandria. (CXXX) Life of John Chrysostom Dexippus. Events after the Death (XCVI) of Alexander, Historical Epi- Gregory of Nyssa. In Support of tome {LXXXU) St. Basil against Eunomius Diodorus. Lexicon to the Ten (VI, VII) Orators (CL) Diodorus Siculus. (LXX) History Heliodorus. Diodorus of Tarsus. On the Holy Aethiopica (LXXIII) Helladius. Lexicon Spirit (CII) (CXLV) of Chalcedon. Cassius. Ileraclian, bishop Dio(n ) History {I.XXI) the of Halicarnassus. Against Manichaeans Dionysius History (LXXXV) (LXXXIII, LXXXIV) Herodian. of Halicarnassus, Aelius. History (XCIX) Dionysius Herodotus. Attic Words (CLII) History (LX) Hesychius Illustrius Miletus). Dorotheus. New and Foreign (of History, Acts the Words in Plato (Cl^VI) of Justin Elder (LXIX) Hesychius of Constanti- Epiphanius. Panaria (CXXII), (presbyter, Ancoratus nople). Discourses on the (CXXIII) ; Weights Brazen and Measures (CXXIV) Serpent (U) Himerius. Declamations [CLXV) Eugenius. Against Philoponus Romanus. (XXIII) Hippolytus Against Heresies (CXXI) Eunapius. Chronicle (continuing Dexippus) (LXXVI I) Eunomius. Heretical treatise lamblichus. Rhodanes and Sinonis (CXXXVII); its refutation by (XCIV) Basil (CXXXVIII) Irenaeus. Against Heresies Eusebius (sophist). Declamations (CXX) (CXXXIV) Isocrates. Orations (CLIX) Eusebius of Caesarea. Various Writings (IX-XIII); Ecclesias- tical Letters to History [XXN II) -, Against John Chrysostom. Hierocles and Others (XXXIX) ; Defence of Olympias CLXXXYI) Origen (CXVIII); Life of John Philoponus. On the Resur- rection On the Creation Constantine (C XXVII) (XXI) ; of Thessalonica. the Fourth Eusebius Against (XLIII) ; Against Andrew the Monk (CLXII) Synod (LV); Against John Evagrius. Ecclesiastical History Scholasticus, patriarch of Con- (XXIX) stantinople (LXXV) John (presbyter, of Aegae). Eccle- Gaius, see Caius siastical History (XLl); Against Galen. On Medical Schools the Fourth Synod (LV) (CLXIV) John Scythopolita. Against the Gelasius of Cyzicus. Proceedings Eutychians (XCV) the First Eccle- On the Universe of Synod (XV) ; Josephus. siastical On the War History (LXXXVIII) ; (XLVIII); Jewish ALPHABETICAL LIST OF AUTHORS CRITICISED ix On the of Side. (XLVII) ; Antiquities of Philip Christian.'History the Jews {LXXYl) (XXXV) Julian. Lexicon to the Ten Philo Judaeus. Allegories of the Orators (CL) Sacred Laws and On Political Africanus. the Julius History (XXXIV) Life (GUI) ; On Essenes Justin Martyr. Apology (CXXV) and Therapeutae (CIV); His Justus of Tiberias. Chronicle of Censure of the Emperor Gaius the Jewish Kings (XXXIII) and Flaccus (CV) Philostorgius. Ecclesiastical His- Lesbonax. Political Orations tory (XL) (LXXIV) Philostratus of Tyre. Life of A pol- lonius Lexica. Of the Pure Style of Tyana (XLIV) of Tralies. List (CXLVI); Of the Serious Style Phlegon of Olym- Victors and (CXLVII); Of Political Style pic Chronicle Orators (CXLVIII) ; Of the Ten (XCVII) (CXLV-CLIX) Phrynichus the Arabian. Oratorical Libanius. Orations and Letters Equipment (CLVIII) (XC) P i e r i u s Presbyter. Various Lucian. Various Works. Dia- Writings (CXIX) Pollio. Lexicon logues of the Dead and Of (CXLIX) Courtesans iCXXVlIl) Polycarp. Letter to
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