. s/3/

AKGLIM N0TIT1A: jyhn or,the/w/

ENGLAND: With Divers REMARK S UPON The Ancient State thereof.

By EDW. CHAMBERLATNE, Doctor of Laws.

The Nineteenth Edition, with great Additions and Improvements.

In Three PARTS.

Sfart am quam naff us efi banc ornni.

LONDON, Printed by T. Hodgkin, for R. Cbiftveil, M.Gillyfioretr, S. Sonith and B. Watford, M. Wotton, G. Sanbridgs, and B. Toots, 1700. Moft Excellent Majefty,

william m. K I N G O F GreauBritain, Frame3 and Ireland’

Defender of the Truly Ancient, C.i- tholick, and Apoftolick Faith.

This Nineteenth Impreffton of the (P RE¬ SENT STATE of ENG¬ LAND is Humbly Dedicated

By Edw. Chamberlayne, Doftor of Laws. THE CONTENTS.

A Defeription of England in general. Chap. X. Of its Name, Climate, Dimenfms, Di-

Chap. II. Of the Bifhopricks of England. Chap. III. A Defcriftm of the feveral Counties tf England and Wales. Chap. IV. Of its Air, Soil, and Commodities. Chap. V. Of its Inhabitants, their Number, Language, and Character. Chap. VI. Of Religion. Chap. VII. Of Trade.

GOVERNMENT. Chap. I. QF the Government of England in ge-

Chap.II. Of the KJng of England, and therein of his Name, Title, Pcrfon, Office, Supremacy and Sove¬ reignty, Potter and Prerogative, Dominions, Strength, Patrimony, Arms and Ref fell. Chap. III. Of the SucceJJion to the Croton of England, and the King’s Minority, Incapacity and Abjence. Chap. IV. Of the prefent King of England ; and therein of his Birth, Name, Simame, and Genealogy, Arms, Title, Education, Marriage, Exploits, and Accef- fiyn to the Crown of England. A 4 Chap. The Contents. Chap. V. Of the late Queen Confert ami Sovereign of .England. Chap. VI. Of the Queen of England, token flee ii Confort only and not Urgent. Chap. Vil. Of the Prcfcnt Qiicen Dowager of England. Chap. VIII. Of the Sons and Daughters of England. Chap. IX.' Of the Princfs and Princeffies of the Blood, an'dtfrfti of hcg'^oyal.Highiiefs the Prmcefs Ant* of Denmaci. t: J / . Chap. X. Of EcclefiafHcal Government. Chap. XI. Of Ecclcjhifiical Courts j and firfi, of the

Chap. XII. Of the Civil Government of England ; and firfi, of the Great Officers of the Croton. . Chap. XIII. Of the Privy-Council. Chap. XIV. Of the Parliament of England, and there* ■ in of the Pcrfon fummming, the manner of the Sum¬ mons, the Perfons (bummed, their Privileges, their Place, and manner of Sitting, the gaffing of Bills in cither Houfe, the faffing of Ads of Parliament, of Adjourn¬ ing, Proroguing, and uiffrlclng of Parliaments. Chap. XV. Of Particular Governments, and firfi of the EccUJiafttcrl, Civ:’, and Miliary Government of the

Chap.XVI. J Of the Queer’s Court. Chap. XVII. Ot ciic Civil Government of England in the Ryfydive Courts ',if Judicature ■ and firfi, of the Cant cj Jufific, call'd t,.. Klng’s-Bench. Chap. XV111. 0/ rue Military Government of Eng-, land.

PART III. OF Mime) s, Cujhms, Laics, See. ; Chap. I. . of the Clergy j their AW. Orders, _ . nlficence, &c, . Alfo of D'.jfcnters from the Efialtlifad tlmrch.

Chap. The CONTENTS. Chap. Hi 0/ the Englilh Computation , Ntanking. Weights, Meafures, Money. Chap. III. Of Names, Titles of Honour, Privileges, S.C. Chap. IV. of the Commons of England 5 and therein of Baronets, Knights, Citizens, Handicrafts, &c. _ Chap. V. Of Women, Children and Servants in tag- land. ■ Chap.VL 0/ the Lares of England. Chap. VII. Of Humours, Manners, Diet, Attires, E?- creations and Buildings,~ Chap. VIII. Of Vices and Punijhments. Of the City of London. Of the two Vniverflties. ■ • And laftly, thefeveral Lifts, to which the BookrefetS.

J

THE THE TAB L E.

48s J Bijhtspricks, a I Board if Green-Cloth, 9 Bnxnijls, . 3fiS I Buildings, Alitstatim-Offce, .Almmirt, 490, Buttery, Antthaptijls, ajl | By-Laws, Atitimmimis, Aptthtcaries, •Archiiflxp, Mrchdeimn, ’Archn, Articles if Religion, ArtiQery-Cmpany, 343 Carmens Rate;, 4 48 Cartakers, 4 A$Zs, 1 j Carvers to the King, 169,4;

Officers there, Chancdkur. 13 j Cbarter-Houfe, Chandlery, Bahhsttfe It tl Chaplains in Ordinary, Barrel of Pin/io: Bank of England, i'f. JamesV, Barber' to the King, r Baronets, 28 The TABLE. Ckirurgm »* s°°; CCallerrZ^t°tt of t’beHcufh,Id, Churchwardens, of the Pipe, 20s of the Navy, 222 Civil Law, Computation, 2 55 Clergy, 'their Privileges, ConfeSionary, 4B7 Confute, 5°5 Revenues, Cmflables High 210 Clerk of the Chfet, clerks of the Council of the Signet, Convocation, Clerk of the Cram, Council at LpfO tc of the EJlrcatl, 503 if the Patents, Court of Admiralty, 519,380 of the Petty-Bag, of Chancery, 187 ' of the Pleas, of Common-Pleas, 195 of the Reports, Dutchy of Lancalter, 206 of the Market, Exchequer, ' sg6 of the Ordnance, „ Court of High-CommiJIion, 130 of the Green-Cloth, 486 of Delegates, 18. of the Works, 1 of Arches, ib. Climate, o( Audience, IJI Clofet-keepcr, Prerogative, ib. Collar-Days, of' Peculiars, ib. Colleges of London, Bifhops, ib. College of Heralds, Archdeacons, 131 of Phyficians, of Records in the Tower. of Oxford, 3SJ Committees of Council, of Aldermen, j6f Cmmiffmers of the Admiralty, Cup-Bearers to the King, 16% of the Navy, 225,594] Curfieors-Office, of the Viaualling-OffceA Curftors, ib. and 5941 Cuftos Brevium, of the Stamp-Off ce, Cujiom-houfc, of Hackney-Coaches, of Duty upon Glafs, of Rcgifiring Seamen, ofTrade, Daughters of England, 1 o j Deacons, 230 Commodities Dean and Chapter, 123 308 Rural, J25 the TABLE. Dim of the Chapel-Rojal, I Fleet-Royal, Degrees of Precedencyi 559 Fonts of a Prefentation, Deputy Chamberlains, zoi of a Tefiimonial, Directors of the New Eaft-, FerreJI Law, India Company 5971 Fowl, Dimenfion, Diffenters, Divifton, DoHors-Commons, 33 Doge, 39 Duke, 2J Gentlemen of the Es'tsgs Bed- Duke tf Glouceller, Dukes and Dutchejfes, of the Chapel, 484 Dutchj of Lancafter, Gentlemen of the Privy-Cham- for> 169,492 Gentlentets-Ujhers of the Prim- Chamber, 131, 4S3 Earl Marfhal, tntlemen-Ujhers, Daily-ff'ait- Earls, 174,883,458 493 Eccleftaflical Courts, Gentlemen-Ujhers, Sp, 171 General, Embetffadors EngUfB, Ecelefiajiical, Foreign, of London, 3 Elqusres of the Body, 165,491 of Weftminfter, : Etymon, 1 . nsours of Forts, < E«ry, . 487 Grefham-Co/ftge, , Exchequer, tnf Grooms of the Bed-Chamt Excife-Offce, Eftigenters,

344 Halls of Companies, 533 Harbingers, 38 Heralds, 774,

The TABLE. in Ordinary, 498 High-Cmjlabk of Eng-

Lord Prefident *37 Lord Privy-Si ■Lord High-S, vi of Eng land. •31 Mootings in the Inns of Court, Lord i rd of the King ■ 388 in the Inns of Chancery, LordTreafurer, i 3 6 Lord Mayor, 336 Miiggletoniarts, bis Authority and Court, Muftcians in Ordinary,

33: Atttndimci, lsy Lords Jufiices of England, 599 Lord Warden of she Starmari- *7* Ndvy-Ofiicc, 552 'ulity of England, 273, 457, &c. 'tiler of Inhabitants, 46 Martyutjfes ,583,458 | Numbering, 258 Marjhalfea, Martial-Lav, 0. Majler of the Beagles, 499 of the Ceremonies Officers above flairs, 169 497 of the Cttfions-boufe, J73 Mafier Falkoncr, of the Hall, 490 of the Hart and Buck- of the Robes, 173 Hounds, ib. of the Kings's Stable1 of she Harriers, ib. of the Work ty6 of the Horfe, i66 of th. 35* of the Honjbold, 168 of the Towe: of she Jevtl-Houfe, 496 tjfice of Ordnance of the flute ^ irdcrs Holy, of the Revel of the Rolls, of the Cm ts Magnificat Mafic, in Chancery, 189 Pi Princeft Henrietta, *05 Prifm, 40 c Honour to the King, Private Buildings ^ 42c Privy-Council, 141, 45* the Prefence-Cham&er, ProBort, 38c

284 Qfterries, Vide Eqmrits, '

490 I Ranges, 499, &C 424 ; Rgmti'ii ranurs Office, 19! 589: ’ of the Sir(l-Fruits, 20 488* Records in the Tower, 35

tim to ft Benefice, 233 RoyaMxchange.- - „ 231 . Society, f Wales, io3 George of Denmark, $.

Errata’s and Additions. to Page 540, Plint-Cafle, Peter Whitley, Efq; Con- jle ; p. 541,1. 5, inftead of Sir Edmltnd: JSndrat, read ■rmcit tfichelfm; p. if. 1. 6, inftead of Cchnel Franlit read C»M Biaxto,}; -ttlfo 1- n, after Peiifilvama, hw Providence j p. sifji jaftlineof the sd Column, (Strtlereigk ahmjl finijhed.; p. 544, Column ad, after cvenge 660 Mm, potGww, lb. Column i, after line Ztmwallefl6 him ,C

Men Navy 00 Queenforotigh 30 Soefdske •

A Defcription ENGLAND 2 X$eState Parti. Angles, a People of the Lower Saxony, in whofe PofiefTion the greateftpart ofthis Country then was) named Anglo or Englelond, thence by the French called Angle terre, by the Germans Engel and, and by the Inhabitants England. Climate ] It is fituated between the Degrees 17. and a; Longitude, as are Brittany and Normandy in France, and be¬ tween so and 5 6 of Northern Latitude, as are Flanders, Zea¬ land, Holland, Lower Saxony, and Denmark: advantageoufiyfor Traffick to all parts of the World. The longed Day in the mod Northern part is 17 Hours, 30 Minutes, and the Ihorteft Day-in the mod Southern parts, is almoft 8 Hours long. ©imendctlff.] It is in length from Berwick totheLands- end, 386 Miles, its Diameter from Berwick to Portjmuth, 310 Miles; inbreadthfrom Sandwich to theLands-end, 279; in Compafs (by reafon of the many Bays and Promontories) about 1300 M. in Shape Triangular ; Contains, by Com¬ putation of Mr. Houghton, 39938500 of Acres, 1175951 Houfes, is almod ten times as big as the United Netherlands; five times as big as the Spanijh Netherlands; lefs than all Italy by almod one half, and in comparifon with France, is as 30 to 82. _The Yearly Rent of all the Lands in England and Wales, is computed at 7500000 pounds, befides the Rent of ©ibifion.] That part of Britain now called England, was in the time of the Romans, divided into Britannia prima, Britannia Secuvda, and Maxima Cafariinjis. The fird of thefe contained the South part of England, the fecond all that JPc- jtern part now called Wales, and die third the Northern parts beyond Trent. When the Britains had received the Cluidian Faith under King Lucius about the year 180, they divided the fame (for the better Government Ecclelieflicil) into three Provinces, or Archiihepricks, viz. the Archbilhoprick of London, which .contained Britannia prima, the Archbithoprickoflirb, which contained that part called, Maxima Ceefarienfts; and the Archbilhoprick of C<«r/«»,an ancient great City of South Wales upon the River Uste, under which was Britannia Sccunda. Afterward the Heathen Saxons over-running this Country, and dividing it into 7 Kingdoms (the King of Kent being firft converted to the Chriftian Faith by Aujlin the Monk, who lived and was buried at Canterbury) the Archiepifcopal See of London was there placed- and the other at Cmrleoh, Parti. of ENGLAND. j was Mandated to St.Duvid's in Peinbrokejhire,mi at Jaft fubje- fted to the See of Canterbur■) : The North part of England, and all Scotland, was put under the Archbilhop of Ttrk, and all England divided into Dioceifes; and about the year 630, ic was for better Order and Government, diftinguifhed into l’ariflies, by the Care and Pains of Honorms Archbilhop of Canterbury, almoil 200 years before it was dividedinto Coun¬ ties or Shires, by King Alfred, by whom alfo thofe Shires, (fo called from the SasenW mi.Scyre,i Partition or Divifion) were fubdivided into Hundreds, which at firft contained ten Tyrhings, and each Tyrh . g tenFamilies. At prelent, England, according to its Ecclefiaftica! Jurif diffion, is divided firft into two Provinces, or Archbi- ihopricks, viz.. Canterbury and York ; thefe two Provinces in¬ to 26.Dioceifes, which are again divided into 60 Archdea¬ conries, and thofe into Rural Deaneries, and thofe again in¬ to Parilhes : Of which there is in both Provinces, 9913. hereof 384; are Churches impropriate ; i. e. in Lay-hands, where Lay-men receive the Tythes; or Appropriate, i. e. an¬ nexed to Church-Dignities.

CHAP. II.

Of the Bifiwpricks of England. TH E Archbilhoprick of C ANTED. BURY is a Pro¬ vince containing almoft all the South part of England, from the Rivers Trent and Humber ; its Diocels only part of Kent, and divers peculiar Chufches amidft other DiocelTes. It was founded by Ethelbcrt the firft Chriftian King of the the Kent,jh Saxon,, Anno Dm. 596. in the Perfon of Aufiin the firft Apoftle of the Englifr. Valued in the King’s Books at 4:3 3 hit. id. 3 y. Chief Seats belonging to this See, are Lambeth-Houfc, and Cnyicn-Palace, both in Surrey. The Archbilhop’s Phlace in Canterbury lies in Ruins. The Archbilhoprick of YORK is a Province contain¬ ing the North part of England, from Humber, Dee, and Trent ; its Diocefs Torbjhire and Nottinghampn're: Was Founded a- bout the Year fi,-2 by Edwin King of Northumberland in the Perfon of Paulinas his Queen Ethelburga's Chaplain, the firft B 2 Apoftle 4 Ity detent State Parti. Apoftle in the Narthcm parrs of this Land. The Bifhop^ick of Hagufald was taken out of it by King Ecgfrid, and loft back again in the Danijh Wars. Valued in the King's Books at 1000 l. per annum. Chief Seat Bijhopjlkorp in Yorkflrire. Biflioprick of LONDON, Founded about the Yeardod by Si’uirt arid Etbdkrt, Kings of the Enfl and Kentifh Saxons, in the Perfon of AL/;7nx Apoftle of the Etrft Haxntt. This Diocefs contains Efex, MMfex, and part of Hdrtfordjhre, and hath not been altered lince its firft Inftitution. Value nr; l. 8 /. 4 d. Sears, London-Houfe in dldcrfgatz-ftreet, Lori- don, and Fulkavt-Houfe, Middlefex. WINCHESTER, taken out of the Diocefs of Dw Jtcr——That ot Dora tier was a large Biflioprick, whole See was at Doree* (ier near Oxford ; Founded by Kinglis, or Kingils, the firft Chriftian King of the WJl Saxons, about the year 64c in the Perfon of B-.rinus or Birniui an It nil an Prieft, who was fuc- ceeded by filbert a Frenchman, promoted thereto hy Rcn- vaU Son of King'll, who afterwards dilliking the broken and bad Enrlijh of Jgilbert, divided the Biflioprick into two ; one to continue in the See of Domjler under Agiltert, and the other he Founded at WINCHESTER, about the year 6fio, in the Perfoh of Winn, another Frenchman, but who could fpeak better En- glijh. Jgilbert difeontented at th/s divilion, left England, and fo the two Bilhopricks were united again both in the See of WineheJIer. King Ina afterwards added his Conquefts of the South Saxon;, and the Biflioprick of Sdfcy to it; fo it became a vaft Biflioprick, containing both Kingdoms of the South and Wejl Saxons. But about the Year 704. Ina took out of it tile Biflioprick of Sherborne, which was afterwards divided into the Biihop- ricks of Wd. Ramesbury, Kirton and Bodman ; but Ram:s- bury in Wtltjhire was reunited to Siercoru; in Bilhop Hernntn by Edward . he Confejjor, Bidman was tranflated to St. Ger¬ mans, and after that united with Kirton, by King Canr.itis. Aim 711. the Biflioprick of Seljey was rellored to it by the South Saxons. Bur ftiil WI X C HESTER continues a large Diocefs, containing

In Parti. of ENGLAND. ? Intlic Year 733. Dorcijler was again made a Bifliops See, and irs Diocefs taken put of Litchfield. I. ITCli FI ELD, Founded by Oficy King of Northern- Inland in the Perfon of Dinma a Satchum, Anna 6;6. raifed to an Archbilhoprick by King Of a in ■ Adulfb, and had Authority over IVincbrJIcr, Hertford, &c. But this dig¬ nity of the See did not furvive Adulfb ; the See was re¬ moved, Amo rojj. to Cbtftcr, and by Robert tie Limefey, Anno 1097. to Coventry, the relidence of many of the fucceeding Bilhops, on which Account it hath now the Title of Litchfield and Coventry. Out of this Diocefs were taken the Bilhopricks of Wev- tificr and Sidmafter by King Etbebed , and foon after Amo 733, Thofe of Leiceflcr and Dmefier. LalHy by II. S. that of Chiller, which continues, as well as Worcefttr. This Bilhoprick of Litchfield and Cn-.ntry at prefent contains all Staffordjhire and Darlyjhire, and part of IVar- wichjhire, and Shropjhire. Value 703 I. (1. 1 d. Seats Litcbfiild-Cioft, and Ealejbal-Cajllt in Stafordjhiri. Sidnaceficr, and Leicejicr became afterwards united to Dorctjkr, and Dmtjlcr rranflated to Lincoln. LINCOLN, begun at Dorccjler nexcOxford, and brought hither by Remigius (the Son of a Pried) by Order of a Sy¬ nod at London, which Ordain’d, That the Sees of Eifliop- ricks fliould be removed from fmall and decayed Towns, to Cities of greater Note and Refort. It conttined then the middle of England, between Thames and Humber ; But Hen. 5. took out of it the Bilhoprick of Ely, and Hen- 8. thofe of Oxford and Peterborough. At this Day belong to it Lincoln- fiire, Leieejlerjhire, Huntmgtonjhire, Bedfordjhire, Buckingham- fire, and part of Hartfordjhirc, being the larged: Bilhoprick of England. Value 830 /. iS r. id. Seats, Br.gdcn in Hem- tingtonjhirc, and Lincoln-Palace in Lincoln. FLY, taken out of Lincoln by Hen. 0. trandating hither Harvey Bilhop of Bangor ; contains only Cambridgjhire. Va- Iue 2134/. 18 s. $d. Seats, Ely-Houfe in Holborn , London ; Ely-Palacc in Ely; Whbicb-Cajlle in PVtshich, Cambridgjhire. ' S HR IS BURT, ttanflated from Sherborne by the afore- faid Herman, in the Reign of William the Conquerour ; contains now Wiltfbire and Barkjhire. Value 13d:.'. us. $d. Seat, Sarisbury Palace mlViltJhire. EXC ESTER, tranflatedfrom K/rton in Devsnjhire, un¬ der Ltofriws, by Edward the Cmfefir ; which Kirton was B 3 taken 6 nt W;dent &tate Part I. taken out of Sbtrkrn> as afore in the Perfon of Jdulpb, by Edvard the Elder. Value r $661. 14 s. 6d. Seat, Enter Palace in Exeter. WE LIS, taken out of Sherborne, and Founded by Ed¬ vard the Elder, Monarch of the Englijh Saxons in Hthelm, afterwards in the Reign of William Rufus, the See was re¬ moved by "jobn de Vi Uhl a to Bath, retaining to this Day the Name of Bath aadWells ; contains only Somerfetjhire. Va¬ lue 517 /. iqs. ad. Seats, Wells Palace, and Barnwell in Somerfetjhire. CHICHESTER, M Founded in SclJ'ey, by Edilmalch thefirft Chriftian King of the Soutb-Saxons, in St. Wilfrids, the Exiled Archbilhop of Turk ; aftery.'ards united to Win- ehefier, and aboutthe Year yt r divided again and reftored to Seljey, and lafldy, by virtue of the aforementioned Synodical Decree at London, removed to Cbicbcfierthe chief Town of the Diocefs under Bilhop Siignnd. It contains only Sujfex. Value (577 l- 1 >■ 1 d. Seat, Cbicbeftir Palace in Sujfex. NO R W1C H, Founded firft at Dmivich, Jam 630. by Sigibert King of the Eaft Eagles in the Perfon of Faslix a Burgundian; afterwards divided into two Bilhopriclts, mix.. of Dunvich and Elmham. Long time after this joined again by King Edvin in Jthelf at'the See of Elmham-, removed from thence by Bilhop Herfafi in the time of William the Conqueror to Thetford, and from thence ro86 by Bilhop Herc- bert to Norwich. In this Diocefs'are Norfolk, Suffolk. Value 4991. 8 s. 7 d. Seats, Norwich Palace and Ludham-HaU, -in Norfolk. WORCESTER, was taken out of Litchfield in the Year <579. by Ethelnd King of the Mercians, Bofelus being the firli Bilhop ; conrains Worcefierjhire, and part of War- vickfhire. Value ro49 /. 17 s. 3 d. Seats, Worcefter Palace, and Hartlebury Cafile in Worcefierjhire. HEREFORD Diocefs.was Founded A,no 680. in Bilhop Putt a j contains Herefordshire, and part of Shrop- (hire. Value ,758/. 10 s. 10 d. Seat, Hereford Palace in Hereford. ROCHESTER, Founded in the Year 606 by Ethcl- bert firft Chrillian King of Kent in the Perlon of St. ’Juftus; contains part of Kent only. Value 358A 3/. Sd. Seat, Bromley Houfe in Kent. . OXFORD, taken out of Lincoln, 1543 by Hen, 8. The firli Bilhop was Robert King, Abbot of Otsfncy, con- Parti. of ENGLAND. 7 tains Oxfordjbirt. Value m'- ^s. 4rf. Seat, Cuddefdm ln 0 ROUGH, taken out of Uncoln likewife by Hat. 8. Its firft Bilhop was John Chamber!, Abbot of Piterbo- rough • contains Nortbarriptor.jhire and Kutlandfinre. Value 44/. i9 f. nd. Seats, Peterhmigh 'Cafile, and Cajlor in ^g’l’ocTs TE R, taken out of IForceJIer by Hat. 8. whofe firft Bilhop was John IVakeman, Abbot of Tttibhiry; contains Gleajlerfiin. Value 315 /. 7/. a rf. Seat, Glocejlcr Palace m B^R IS TO L, Founded by Hat. 8. Pad Bujh the firft Bi- fliop • contains the City of Brljhl, and County of Dorjet- jlin.’ Value 383/. 8 s. 4 d. Sezt.BriJIolPalaceinSamir- A ND A FF, Founded by Dubritiut its firft Bilhop, in the Reign o{ Auretiu, Ambrofms .'.boutdm Year 49°; con* mrjhlre. vfluexs’4/. 14 a. id.’ Seats, Mathem Palace in Mmnmthjlire, and Landa§'Palace in Glatmrganjh're. St .DAVIDS. The aforefaid Ddritiui afterwards, up¬ on theFoundation of the Aichbilhoprick of lfca Silurian or Cacrlcon in Mmmnthfhin, was removed thither. His Succei- for in this See, St. David, got it removed in the Reign of King Arthur to Meneva or Mender, called afterwards in ho¬ nour of this Learned and Pious Prelate, who fo oppoled and vanquilhed the Pelagian Herefie, St. BANDS. This Metropolitan See was afterwards made fubjeft to that ot Canterbury, it contains Pembnkjhire, Cardiganjhire, and Catmarthtnfbire. Value 457/. 1 n 10 rf. Seat, Abcrgiltjm Caermarthen. ' , St. ASAPH, Founded by Malga King of the Britcnt Anm jfio. in the Perfon of Kentigern the Scotch Bilhop of Glajgov, and took its Name from St. Afapb the fecond Bl- Ihop ; contains Denbighjhire and Flintjbtre. Value 187L11« 6 d. Seat, St. Afafh in Flintjbire. ' . BANGOR, the time of its Foundation is not cer¬ tainly known ; but the firft Bilhop on Record was Her¬ man; (in the Reign of Hen. 1.) who was afterwards tranfla- ted to Ely. Value 131I. 1C1. $d. Seat, Bangor Palace in 8 S$e State Parti.

In the Province i/YORK. DVR IJAM, begun at Lindisfamt or the Holy Ifand, in Man the Scot, by Ofaald King of the Northumbrian Samis, transited to Durham, with its Bilhop Edmund in the Reign of Ethtlrtd ; contains Durham and Northumberland. Value 1821 I. is. j«. Sms,Durham Palace, and Oakland Caflle in C A R LIL E, taken out of Durham by Hen. 1. who nam¬ ed Athaulpbus the firft Bilhop thereof; contains Wejlmorland. Value 531 /. 4;. 11 d. Seat,Rofe Cajlle in Cumberland, CHESTER, taken out of Litchfield by Hen. 8. The firll Bilhop was John Bird, Provincial of the Friar Carmelites; contains Cheshire, Lancajbirc, Riehmmdjhire, with part of Cumberland. Value 420 / 1 s. S a. Seats, Chcjbire Palace ■ in Chejter, and Wigan in Lancafter. M A N, The Ifle was appointed to be a Bilhoprick by Pope Gregory 4.

CHAP. III. Defcriptm of the feveral Counties 0/England. ENGLAND, including that part of it which is called Walts, is divided according roits Temporal Jurifdifti- on into fifty two Counties or Shires , and thofe into Hun¬ dreds, Laths, Rapes or Wapentakes (as they ate called in fome Counties) and thofe again into Tithings. ®EDfojDli)irr, Is in the Diocefs of Lincoln, 73 Miles in circumference ; contains about 160000 Acres, and about 12170 Houfi.: The Air is temperate, the Soil, efpecially in the North parr, fruitful, its principal Rivers are Oufi and Jvcl: The whole County is well ftored with Corn and Cattle ; fome of its chief Commodities are Butter, Cheefe and Poulrrey. It hath in it 116 Parilhes, and 10 Market Towns. Bedford the Shire Town, 38 Miles from London, is moll: noted ; Dunfialle for Larks, Woburn for Fuller’s Earth. It has many Parti of ENGLAND. ? S IVrefl-Hmfe and Harrold, the Earl of Kent's; the Earl of Bedford's ; Bletjho and Melchbon, llivgbrook's ; Turney, the Earl of Peterborough's-, \Uphtl, the Earl of Ailesbury's; Harones, Lord

EnrMfjirc, . DioceG,,,iao Miles circumference ; con- 7000 Acres, and idyo6 Houles. I lie Air i; oil plentiful; the whole County is well ftored ittle, Filh, Fowl, Wooll, and Wood, efpeci- chief Risers, Thamts, Ifis and IUimit. It con- ilhes, and ia Market Towns : The chief in Hug, 3 a Miles from London, for Cloth and ?i, a large Town, hath a Free-School well en- •rford for Trouts and Craw-Filh ; I'eeebury foi Farendm a Market ; Windfor is famous for it! is one of the King’s Palaces, and the College of the Garter jiicuatcd ftronglyand pleafantly ; ufly adorned by King Charles 11. with the modern Painting and Carving : It hath ine Seats, as Swallosopikl, the Earl of Clam- d-Marjhal and AJbtoi1 Park, the Earl of Cm- am, the Earl of Abingions; Hurley, the Lord

Eucftmgljamfljirf, iocefs, in circumference 138 Miles; contain of Acres, and 18390 of Houfes: The Ai: rich ; Its principal Rivers, Tame, Oufi am ■ Commodities are Corn, Sheep and Oxen •Bread and Beef is a Proverb for their goodnefs irilhes and 1; Towns; die molt noted ar< Shire Town, 44 Miles from London; Aihbury e ; Hifh-Wickhamfot good Building; Naaptrt- a-lace; Eaton, a Village within a Mile o; 1 College nobly endowed, hath a Provollthi H. Godolphin, and feven Fellows, belide and a Free School, now or.e of the mof England, where are 70 King’s Scholars iintained gratis, and fent yearly to the Uni sC C&fzlpUL TO 11' ■ Kkt pjefm State Part It verfity as places become void j Founded by Hen. 6. Its chief Seats are Buckingham-Houfe, and Waddom-Houfe, both belonging to the late Duke of Buckingham; Cheynet, Earl of Bedford's % Jjhdridge, the the Earl of Bridgwaters ; Latimers, Earl of Devon's ; Wing and Ethrop, Earl of Carnarvon's; Quarendon, Farl of Litchfield's ; Woburn and Over-Wimhendm Boufe, Lord Wharton's. \ Cambji&gfljitf, In the .Diocefs of Ely, 130 Miles in circumference ; contains about 570000 Acres, and 17347 Houfes : The Air moift, the Soil of divers forts; its principal Rivers Ok/!-, Cam and Grant ; its Commodities, Corn indft excellent, Cattle, Fifh, Fowl and Saffron ; its Manu&fkures, Paper and Baskets : The Northern parts is called dte- Ille of Ely. The whole contains 163 Parilhes, and eightldarket Towns; the moll noted are Cambridge the ShireTow® 44Miles from London, for its noble Univerfiry ; Ely, Bilhbg’s Seat for its Minder ; Newmarket, reforted to by the Coifit for Hunting, Racing, ire. Royfton for Malt: Its chief Seaft are Thomey- Jlbbey, Earl of Bedford's ; Nermarket-Houfe, Earl of Suffolk's ; Catlidge, Lord North and Grey's. Cfjefljirc. In the Diocefs of Chejler, in Miles in circumference; contains about 710000 Acres, and 14054 Houfes, is a Coun¬ ty Palatine; the Air is wholfome, the Soil good, the Men called the chief of Men, are famous for ftrength, the Wo¬ men for Beauty ; the Gentry are here very numerous and eminent for Ancientry, Loyalty and Hofpitality ; its Rivers, Dee and Waver ; its Commodities, Corn, Cattle, Cheefe, Filh, Fowl, Metals, Salt, and Mill-Hones ; contains 6i Parilhes, and 13 Towns, the chiefeft is the City of Chejler, 140 Miles from London, peculiar for its Galleries, upon which the whole City is built, Nmtm'ch, Middlewich and Northaich, for Salt-pits, Maxfield for Buttons, and Congleton for Gloves: chief Seats are Clifton, or Rock-Savage, and Frodfham-CafHe, Earl of Rivers's ; Gaiefmrth and Mdjord, Earl of Macclesfield's ; Dutton, Lord Gerards ; Dv.nhar» majfty, Earl of Warrington's.

Corn. Part I. of ENGLAND.

Cojntoall, In the Dioceis of Exeter, in circumference <;o Miles; contains about 9S0000 Acres, and 25374 Houfes: The Air is clear and lharp, the Valleys rich in Corn and Pafture, and the Hills in Mines of Copper and Tinn, not without Gold and Silver : The Men are ftrong and boifterous, great Wre- filers , healthy, great Eaters of Garlicfc. This Couhty is enrich’d likewife by the great Number of Fifli, especially Pilchards, which are taken on theleCoafts; here are Porci- pifces and Seels; its other Commodities are French or bearded Wheat, and.other Corn: Fowl in great abundance, Wood* cocks efpeciajly; the fine blue Slat, which the| French call Ardois ; tranfparent Pibbles, like Diamonds ; and formerly Ambergreefe imconfiderable Quantities : Here’s plenty of Rofa Sells, and Age, Hyfop andRofeinary, growing wild on the Sea-Clifis is all'o Samphire and Eringo Roots, or Roots of Sea-Holly, at hath many fafe and commodious Ports and Havens, as FtlWtith, vaftly fpacious, ire. The chief Rivers are Tamer, CanfBrand Fall. It contains 161 Parifhes, and 27 Towns, the Chief isLaunJIou, or Lmcefm, s 70 Miles from London. Its Seats of mod Note at, Clifton, Siov, Stan- bttrifVolfon and Lanow, all the Earl of Bath's; Truro and Law lifdrotk, Earl of Radnor ijBocomtk, LoriMohnn't ; Trerife,hmi Arundel's ; with divers Seats of Gentry , amongft which Mount Edgcomb is a noble and pleal'ant one, belonging to the Heir Male of Sir Richard Edgcomb. CtimbftlanD, In the Diocefs oiCheJIer and Carlijlc, in cicumference 16S Miles; contains about 1040000 Acres, and 14825 Houles : The Air is lharp, the Soil fruitful, the Hills for Feeding, and the Valleys for Corn. It has divers Rivers, the chief is Eden. In this County have been found many Roman Anti¬ quities : Here is Fowl and Fifli in great Plenty ; in the Mufcels are found Pearls; here are great Mines of Copper, about N. reland and Kefwick ; Black Lead is found at Kejmck likewife, the only place, fome fay, for it in Europe. It contains 58 Parilhes.and 15 Towns ; the City Carlifle a Bilhop’s See, has a fine Cathedral Church, Caftle, and Trade; 235 miles from London : Cockemeub is noted forBroad- clothj. 12 fCbe pjtffttt State Parti, cloths, Penrolh for Tanners, White-Haven for Coals end Salt. This hiving been a Frontier County to Scotland, the Houles of the Nobility and Gentry, are built for the mod part, Gaftle-wife; the mod noted iteGreyflock-Cafllc,in& Drtmbuglh C»(?/f,Duke of Norfolk's; Ctckcrnuuth-Caflle, Duke of Somtrfct’s' Hovard-Cafile, Ear) of Carlifle’s; Kirk Ofraald and D'dcrc- Cajlh, Earl of Suffix's. ©erbpfljire, • In the Diocels of Litchfield and Coventry, 130 miles in circumference j Contains about 680000 Acres, and ms; Houfes. The Air and Soil good, efpecialjy the South and Eafi parts; theMwhand Weft are Hilly; its Rivers Trent and Derwent. This County is dored with Corn, Cattle and Wood: here are Mines of Alabader, Marble, Chridal Millftone and Whet done :It has Pit-coal,Iron and Lead, the beftin£7/gW,in great plenty tin fome places areAntimony: Here are 106 Pariflies, and 9 Towns; the Shire Town is Derby, well built, large, populous, and rich ; 97 miles from Lendm: its chief Seats, Bolfcjer-CaJlle, late Duke of Newca- file's; Hadden, Earl of of Rutland’s; Chatfworth and Hard¬ wick, Earl of Devon's; Bretby, Earl of Chtjlerfcld's; Sutton, \ Earl of Scarfdale's ; Sklrly, Lord Ferrer's; Stavely, late Lord Frtfchville’s. Among the Wonders of this Shire, Buxton- Well has two Springs ; one of hot and the other of wold Water : the Peake is notorious for its three drange Caves of prodigious Shapes and Dimenlions, called The Devil's Me, Eldm-hele, and Peol’s-hele. Wooniwc, In the Diocefs of Exeter, 200 miles in circumference ; contains aboutipaoooo Acres, and ;63ioHoules. The Air iharp and-fiealthful, the Soil Hilly, Woody and Fruitful, as ■it is manured with Earth fetch’d from the Sea-lide : its Rivers, Tamer, TnrridgeyEx, Tara, and Dant : The Men are drong and aftive; its Commodities are Corn, Cattle, Wooll, Sea-Filh and Fowl, Kerlies, Serges, and Bonelace ; belide the produflion of its. Alines, Lead and Tin, and fome quantities of Silver and Loaddone, formerly on Dartmtre •Rosks. It has divers excellent Harbours for the Navy- Royal, as Dartmouth, Blimeuth,&c. Itcontains3J3.Farilhes, Part I. of E N G L A N D. 13 and 32 Towns : The chief Town is Extttr, a very Urge well- built City, 138 Miles from London, a Bilhop’s See ; hath a noble Cathedral Church, and ftrong Caftle: It hath a good Trade, for Serges efpecially, in which they deal for f oooo I. a Week. Its chief Seats are Wtnkrrj and Potheridge, the late Duke of Albemarle s j Bedford-Houje in £«fer,Earl of Bedford's; Bideftrd, Earl of Bath's ; Chudltigh, Lord Clifford's. 1 ©ojfEtBljirc, Is in the Diocefs of Brljhl. iyo Miles in Circumference; contains about 772000 Acres,and 21944 Houfes; a pleafanc Country, the Air healthy, the Soil rich, both in Palturage and Corn-fields; the Rivers Stmrt, famed for Tenches, Frame, &c. Its Commodities are, Corn, Cattle, Wood, Filh, Fowl, Hemp, and Free-ftone, with fome Marble. In the Ifie of Purbeck is Marble and Tobacco-pipe Clay, worth at London 30 !. a Tunn : It hath 148 Parifhes, and 19Towns; the Shire Town is Dorchefler, noted for Trade, 8; Miles fromiWon; Shaft slurp for its fine Profpeft and Market; Shirborn for the curious workmanlhip of its Church : Britpirt for Hemp and Cables ; Pml is well built and rich: The chief Seats are Hook-Caflle, Duke of Bolton's; Cmtkrn-hmfl, Earl of Saliskrfs ; Shirlorn-Cajlle, Earl of Briftol's ; mrnbern St. Gila, Earl of Shaftsbury s ; Buckland, Lord Pallet's ; Afh- tty la Priery near Dercbcjler, Vl'inttrborn, Sir Martin Prime's ; Vyhitfold, Lord Hollis's. Portland is an Me near this Coun¬ ty, eminent for its Quarries of durable Free-ftone. ©urljam, In the Diocefs of Durham, 107 Miles in Circumference ; contains about 610000 Acres, and 15984 Houfes, isaCoun- ty Palatine ; the Royalty whereof belongs to the Eifhop, therefore it is called, The Blfboprlek of Durham : The Air is lliarp, the Soil divers ; the Eaft Rich, the South Moorilh, the V/tfs Rockv : ’Tisvery rich in Coal-pits ; hath fome Lead andiron Mines, not without Silver in the Weft parts. Ri¬ vers, Tint, XVan, Derwent, Tees : Hath I 18 1’arilheS, and 6 Towns. The City of Durham is 200 miles from London : The Blfliop’s See, whole Palace is a fine Caftle : Bifhop-Aick- land is noted likewiie for its Caftle and good Air: Darling¬ ton for three Pits near ic, of a wonderful depth, called Hell I4 %\z |9jefcnt fttate Parti. Katin; It has divers good Sews, as Litmly-CaJlli,Ekr\ of Sun- trough's ;, Hmehnooole, Earl of Faulemhtrgs. Caejr, In Leia/im DioceG, 146 Miles in Circumference; contains about 1140000 Acres, and 34819 Houfes: Its Air is tempc rate, but towards the Sea and Thmii, Moift and Agueiin: The Soil in fome places is fo Rich, that after three Years bearing Saffron, it will bear good Barley for almoft 20 years together without dunging. Its Rivers are Thames, Slower, Coin, Chelmtr, Lea, Crouch, Reding. At Stratford by 80m is a Bridge, the firft of Stone in England; built by Queen Maud, Wife to Henry the Firft, on the River Lea, and call’d Stratfird-Bm, from its Arch, which was a piece of Archite- fture, perhaps new to the Englifb Nation. This County has abundance of Corn, Cattle, Wood, Saffron, Fowl andriih: Tis of Note likewife for Cloaths, Stuffs, and Hopps: Here is 415 Parifhes, and 2 r Towns; the moft noted are Celcbtjler, 43 Miles from Unitm; a Town of great Antiquity, pre¬ tending to have given Birth to Lucius, Helena, and Ctnftan- fine the Great, the firft Chriftian King, Emprefs and Em- perour in the World : ’Tis now large, and has a great Trade for White Bays, and Oyfters: Chelmsford is the Al¬ ike Town: Harwich, is noted for its Harbour, neareft of a- ny to Holland-, Walden for Saffron. Here, over-againft Gravefendm Kent, ftmdsTilbury-Fort, a ftrong Block-houfe, upon the Thamts. Its chief Sears are, Audhyend, a Noble and Royal Palace; Hero-Hall, late Duke of Memarle’s-, Ben,lie, Earl of Oxford's ; Chtflerford, Earl of Suffolhs ; Copt- Hall, Earl of Dorfet's ; Uez Priory, Earl of Manchefter’s ; Jr. 0- fith, Earl of Rivers's ; Havering, Earl of Lindfey’s; Park- Had, Earl of Hnglefeys ; MouljhamHa/l, and Fryery, and Bi- fbop's-Kall,1 Lord Fitzwater's-, Writtlc-Park, Thorndon, Ingar- fion-Hall, and Cranham-Parh, Lord Petre’s ; Gosfield-Hall, Ep- fing-Placc, Lord Grey of Wash's ; Eajlon-Lodge, and Hjlidon, Lord Maynard's -, Toleshury, Lord Howard's of Elcrtck, Lawjord- Hall, Lord Crew's- ©loceHerfljirr, In Glocefier Diocefs, 138 Mjles from London-, contains a- bout 80000a Acres, 26754 Houfes: The Air fweet, the Parti. of ENGLAND. ij Soil fruitful: Its Rivers, Severn, Wye, Stroud, Ifu, dvont Its chief Commodities are Corn, Wool), Iron and Steel, Timber. Bacon, Sider, and Salmon : Its Manufifture, Clo¬ thing, for which the Sheep of CorftnWhave 1b fine a Wool, that the Spanifli Strain (’tis faid) came from a Prefent Ed. 4. made of thefe Sheep to Alploonfo King of Spain: Here is 280 Parifiies , and 26 Towns; the City of Glotcjlcr Si Miles from London, is a Bifhop’s See, and hath a fine Cathe¬ dral Church. In this County likewife Hands the greatefl part of BriJItI, one of the biggeft and heft traded Cities of England, which is a County of it felf, and contains above 5000 Houfes. Sir cud is noted for fair Buildings, and dying of Scarlet, and Tewksbury forWooIlen Manufifhity and Mu- ftard Balls. Near Brijlol is a place called St. Vincent's Rock, where are plenty of hard tranfparent Stones, refembling Diamonds, which fome take to be Fhwm, or Melting-ftones. At the bottom thereof is a hot Medicinal Well: Itsnobleft Seats are Badminton and Wollapn's-Graitge, the Duke of Bean- fort’s; Stowel,Earl of Stafford's-, Berkley-Cafile,Ha.i\of Berk¬ ley's ; Cmnbden-Hoafe, Earl of Gainsborough’s; Over-Nortm, Lord Vifcount Say and SeaEs ; Kempsford, Lord Vifcount Weymouth’s-, Corfe-Court andCockbttry,Lord Coventry’s, ©ant or jpampfl&irr. In the DiOcefs of Winchester, 100 miles in circuit, con¬ tains about 1312500 Acres,and 26851 Houfes, the Air tem¬ perate, the Soil rich: Here is plenty of Corn, Cattle, Wooll, Wood, Iron, Honey and Bacon: Its Rivers, Stowre, Avon, Ichin, See. Its chief Manufactures are Kerfies and Stuffs. Here are 253 Parilhes and 16 Towns; the Shire Town (though it be a County of it felf) is Southampton, a good Port, 60 miles from London. Winchrjier is a confiderable City 54 Miles from London, the Affize Town ; it has a line Cathedral Church, a noble College and Free-School; hath a Warden, 10 Fellows, 2 School-mafters, and 70 Scholars, richly endowed: Likewife here is a magnificent Palace be¬ gun by King Charles II. but not finiflied. Portfmouth is a ftrong Citadel and Harbour, Weymouth a brave Harbour: The chief Sears are Bajing-houfe, Abbott-pm, the Duke of Bolter’s, Farnborough-place, the Earl of Angltfey’s-, Rocbsrn- houfc, the Earl of Shaftsiary’s ; Whorwel, the Lord Delawares ; Moltcffont, Lord Sands’s j Breamore, Lord Brooks's. x6 SCIjegjefcnt &tate Parti, • Smth of tflis County, and belonging to it, lies the Ifle of Wight; 60 Miles in Circumference j its Militia the bell dif- plin’d in England; plentiful in Corn, Cattle, Filh, Hares, Conies, dnd wild Fowl: Its Wool is next in finenefs to that of Cotfxold: Tt has 3<5 Parilhes, and 3 Towns: r. Nrto- port, large and populous; Com* and Garitbrook are two pla¬ ces nearer, fortilied each with a Caftle ; lo is. id. Sandham, and 3d. Yarmouth, a fair ftrong Town : Spithead, between Portfmouth and the Ifle of Wight, is a place where theNavy- Royal does frequently Rendevouz. fartfojDfljinr, Is in the Diocefs of London and Lincoln, 130 Miles in cir¬ cumference ; contains about 431000 Acres, and 16569 Houfes: The Air is fivect and healthful, the Soil for tile molt part Chalky, but fruitful in Corn, Grafs, and Wood: Its Rivers Clin, Lea; Its chief Commodities are Wheat, Barley, and Mmjt: It has 120 Parilhes, and 18 Towns, moll of them very good : the Shire Town is Hartford, 10 Miles from London : Barmt is noted for Medicinal Waters; Berkhamfied for its ancient Caltle, chief place of Relidence formerly of the Dukes of Cornwall; Hitchin for its School, Ware for a Canal, which furnilhes Londm with New-Rivcr Water Its chief Seats are Theobalds, a Royal Palace, Moor- Park, the late Duke of Monmouth’s; Hatfield-houfe, Hanford- Gatlle, Bygrave, Cheflhunt, Quick' s-Wood, all the Earl of Salis¬ bury’s ; Caholntry, Haddam-Hali, Earl of Ejfcx's ; Totteridge, _ifEarl of Hnglcfifs;Hnglcf Holloway-houJ: at St. Man's, Earl of Marl- it hath of Gentlemens Houfes. fEttfOJBfllirr, Is in the Diocefs of Hereford, 102 Miles in Circumference; contains about 660000 Acres, and 1 rood Houles. The Air is good, the Soil exceeding fruitful: Its Rivers are Wly, /irrrn, Lug, Frame : This County exceeds in 4 things, Wheat, Wood, Wool, and Water; in which laid, Salmons are plentiful. This County is famous for Sider, efpeciallyfor Red-ftreak. It hath rjtfParilhes, and 8 Tow-ns; the mod noted are the City of Hereford, the Shire Town, a Bilhops See ro- MilesfromWsa: Here is the Hilltop’s Palace, a Cache- Patti. of ENGLAND. x7 Cathedral Church, College, and Hofpital: Lmjler noted for Bread, and the bell Wool in the World: Kynetm for Nar¬ row Cloths: At MarlyHiU was that notable Earthquake, 1571, when 2 6 Acres of Land inti rely moved about from place to place, three days together, overturning a Steeple, and many Trees which flood in its way. Its chief Seats are 'i Goodrich Cajlle, Penyard Cajlle, and Eclcfwall Cajlle, the Earl of 'j amt's-, Wilton, Janbury, and Dcwfwell, the LprdChandoie’s. I funtingtonuljire, Is in Lincoln Diocefs, 67 Miles in circumference; contains about 240000 Acres, and 8 217 Houfes: The Air is diverfe, for the moft part moifl: It is generally of a fertile Soil; in former times very wooddy: Its Rivers Oufe, and divers Idler : Its chief Commodities are Corjr and Cattle : It contains 79 Farifhes, and 6 Towns; the Shire and Affize Town is Hun¬ tington, 48 Miles from London, having a good Free School: p/- Iv‘! and St. Mus are in great efleem for their neighbou¬ ring Medicinal Waters; Codmanchejler for brave Husbandmen. Its diief Sears, Kimbtdtm Cajlle, the Earl of Manthejler's • UUntcbingbrmk, the Earl of Sandwich's; Great-Qidding, Lord &Wt, Is in the Diocefs of Canterbury and Rochejler, 162 Miles in arcumference ; the pleafantefl County in England,\ thePeo* )le of it firft civiliz’d of any, and boalt they never were londmen,e. never held their Land in Villainage; contains bout r 248000 Acres, and 39241 Houfes. It was formerly 1 Kingdom of it felf; it is now divided, by a ufual Proverb; nto 3 parts; The Downes have Health without Wealth, the Uanfh or Marih parts, Wealth without Health ; the Middle Leaith and Wealth. It is accommodated with two vail Rivers, times and Medway, befides the Stum, Darent, and other tiler ones. Its chief Commodities are Corn, Cattle, Fruit, fpccially Pippins and Cherries the moll celebrated in the vorld: Woad and Madder for Dyers, Hopps, Wood, Jax, Saintfoyl^ Samphire, near Deal j Fowl and Fife: The fid-nay, which in one part runs under ground, yields Pre- edence to no River, except the Thames, for choicell Salmon; :ar Canterbury, are incredibly large nie Manufa&ure for Cloth lias been much greater tha 18 %\)t pjcCtnt &tate Patti. I now, when 1000 /. a year was thought no invidious anE- flst; for a Clothier or a Yeoman of tills County; but here are home Yeomen have foil great Eilates: Thofe parts cal¬ led the Lies of Tb.imt and Shoppy, are well llorcd with Sheep and Corn : At Egerton, where there is now a petre- fying Spring, and Sellengt, about 100 years ago were Medi- cinaf Waters,which at Sellenge are lately retriev’d. It contains 408 Pariihes, and 30 Towns : The City of Cmterbttry is the 1 Arrilbiihop’s See, and a County of it felf, 44 Miles from London; its Cathedral Church is one of the fineftin England,: noted for its rich Window, (dehroyed by the Rebels,) and j Tomb of 7hm.ii Bechet. Here is a Dean and 12 Prebenda¬ ries, a Free School of Royal Foundation, and feveral Ho- fpitals: This City is partly inhabited by Walloons. Roche jler is a City and Bifhop’s See, 17 Miles from London, noted for its Cathedral Church, and Rarely Stone Bridge, the fe- cond for Magnificence in England; built by Sir Robert KmUs, in the Reign of Hen. IV. At Chatham is the Harbour for the Navy-Royal: Maid [lone is the Alike Town, noted likewife for Thread and FIopps: Down for its Caftle and Mole; Ftvcrjham for its Trade by Hoys to London ; Tun- bridge its Medicinal Waters; n'ye its Free School; Scvrnnocli its Free School, and Hofpital; Dover, Hith, Rummy, andi Sandwich, are 4 of the Cinque-ports, the 5th. Hajlings, andl its two Appendages, VKinehclfia and Rye, are in Sufiexj! Thefe Towns have all great and diftinft Privileges; tlieilj Burgefies are called Barons of the Cinque-ports. In tliii Procefiion of a Coronation, they fupport the Canopies over: the King and Queen, and afterwards have on that day, 1 Table at the King’s Right hand, and have the Canopy foi their Fee. Chief Seats are Greenwich, a Palace-Royal: Knot) I: the Earl of Dorfet’n ; 1 'cnjlurfl, the Earl of Leiccjlcrs ; £;tf veH, inthepk-afantefl: Park of the Univcrfe, and Meat, near Canterbury, the Earl of Wnchclfca's ; Hoatkfeld and Silem 'the Earl of Thane:'s; Chevcnning, the Lady D'Acre's ; Li%- ■Jled-Lodgc, Lord Tcnhams ; Leeds-Cajlh and Greeimaf-Courlj Lord Culpeppers ; Ailing:on-CaJile and MaidSom-Palacc, Lor! Af ley's; Uts-Cmt, Lord Rockingham's ; Cobham-hall, Lad

Haitcanljice, i Is in die Diocefs of Chefler, , 1a Miles in circumference ; contains a boat 1150000 Acres, and 40101 Houles; a Coun¬ ty I alatine: The Air is ferene and fliarp ; the Soil diverfe ; the moorilh part is not very fruitful; but this County is ftored with al lorts of Provif.on ; The Rivers, Merfey, Rible, Lott, Irk, and Intel!: The Inhabitants are healthful, the Men are ftrong,the Women beautiful. The chief Commo- dines are Oats, Cattle, Oxen especially, thole of this Coun- Filh,rn,an Pit-Coalsp- r (wh.ch^ Ijr ferve? the notft?reIieft only for in Fuel,J&B/W but ; to Fowl, make rrJ^ n’ 1,tde in£™ur't0 Jett) and Flax : The drucf Manufaftures are Woollen Cloaths, Cottons, and Ticken. Here are but 36 Pariihes, (moftof them being exceeding large, therefore fupplyed well with Chappels of Fare) and afi Towns: The Shire Town is Lancaftl, ,g. Miles from Loudon. Liverpool is a Sea-port Town, and of very much frequented : Mamhejler is a Town of very Trade for Woollen and Lumen Manufaftures: Chief ; are, CUrbcrm- Caflle, late Duke of Albemarle s; Fnonles- hall Croft-hall, Greetthalgh-Cadle, PUkiottott-Stand, -.y, the Lari of Daily:,; Haifa!, the Earl of ,««(/«•- n7CLord G°rd f *««•»-

Hriccffsrsljirc, m Lr»«/;:Dio-efs, 96 Miles in circumference ; contains : JiSooco Acres, and .S-02 Houfes. The Airis mild 'fp.o': t lL' Cou.ntt-v (-’hjinpain, the Soil diverfe, very ,n ^ aiLurcs; it aooundslikewilc with Peafe and Beans, xavaa, L. tceflajhre Barn-Billy, Wood, Fit-COal, and °; ‘,ts “T"? hrS«ft in E„gland. Its Rivers .hve, and ; it has 19aPariihes, and 12 Towns, -V the duel Down, 80 Miles from Louden. Afhly-de- •O IS noted ,or its fine Tower. Its chief Seats are, ™ «K Dak; Of Mcmartii ; Burbage, the Earl ao SEje pjcfent State Parti. of Kent's ; aijblyde-la-Zouch, and Donington-Park, the Earl of Huntington's ; Broadgatc-Nall and Grooby, the Earl of Stam. ford’s; Stanton-brudenel, the Earl of Cardig,r»’s; Stanton-hc- rild and Randal, Lord Ferrers's; rfjbbyfolvile, Lord Ctf- rmgtms. HincelniJhire,

Is in the Diocefs of Lincoln, tSo Miles in circumferencej . contains about r740000 Acres, and 40590 Houfes; Divi- , ded into three Parts, Holland, Linifey, and Kefteven. The Air | on the South and Ea)i parts, is thick and foggy, and the Soil fenny and barren : The Weft and Northern parts are pleafant and fertile. The Rivers WeUnd, Trent, Humber, Nat, Wytham. The chief Commodities are fee Cattle, Wool, Horfes, Filh and Fowl in great plenty. It contains 630 Parilhes, and 3 5 Towns; Lincoln is the Shire Town, the Bifirop’s See, a County of it felr, was once the greateft City perhaps in England, but now is much decayed, yet dill is great and populous ; 104 Miles from London : It has a {lately Cathedral Church, in which is one of the biggeft Bells of England, called Tom of Lincoln ; Wainfleet is noted for its School, Bojion for its Port and Harbour, and Giroirfom for its Steeple, whofe heighth feems to make it Rand awry. The chiefSeats are Behoyer-Cafllc, part in Lincoln, and part in LeiceJIerjhire, Earl of Rutland's ; Sempringham and TatterjhaE- Cajlle, Earl of Lincoln's ; Nomanbj, Earl of Mtdgravc’s j Grimjlhorp, Earetby, Earl of Lindfcfs ; Bhmkrey, Lord IVid- drington’s; VVoriby, Lord Bellajife's; OJgodby, Lady BcUaJifcs. 31«caf^an, Lying weltward of Lancajhire and Cumberland, about 29 Miles long, and 9 broad; is a Principality held by the Earl [ of Darby, of the Crown of England ; the Proprietor wasj anciently called King, but of late Lord of Man ; is a di- [ ftinft Bilhoprick-• The Biflaop, who is not reckon’d among [ the 16 of England, is nominated by the Lord of the llle j confirmed by the King, and confecrated by the Archbilhopj of Tork ; but not holding his Temporalities immediately of1 the King, is no Lord of Parliament. The Air is cold, the. Soil indifferent fruitful: Here is plenty of Oats, Cattle, 3 Fidkand Fowl. It has r 7 Parilhes, a CatUas, and 5 Towns.! Its Government is peculiar. > Parti. •£ ENGLAND. 21 poDlcft?:, Is in theDiocefsof London, 81 Miles in circumference-, contains about 247000 Acres, and 100136 Houfes, including .Union and Weftminjlcr. It has a fweet and wholfom Air and fertile Soil, much improved by Compoft brought from, London. Its Rivers Thames and Co hi; its Commodities, Cat¬ tle, Corn and Fruit; has 73 Parilhes, and 4 Towns, befides London and Woflminfier, of which fee more hereafter. Its chief Seats are, befides thofa in London and VO'cJlrm'nJhr, Hamp- ton-Conrt, a molt magnificent Strufture, part of which his prefent Majelty has pulled down, and is re-edifying with greater Solidity and State j Kenpigton, the late Seat of the Earl of Nottingham, bought by his prefent Majelty, and greatly enlarged for his Majelty’s Refidence in the Winter. Cambden-Houje at Kenpigton, is the Nurfery of his Highnefs the Duke of Ghctjier ; Sion-Honfe belongs to the Duke of Semerfet; the Duke of Beaufort, the Earl of Lindfey, and the Lord Cheyne, have each a Houfe at Cheljey ; Cambray is the Earl of Northampton's ; Holland-Hcnfe, near Kenpngttin, the Earl of Warwick and Holland's. At Highgati is the Earl of Kingdom's; at Cranford is the Earl of Berkleys ; Mordent- Houje at Parfons-Green, is the Earl of Momrnttth's; Sut/m- Court, the Earl of Faulconberg's ; Drayton, die Lord Pagett's; at Hackney, the Lord Brook's; Whitt on, Lord BeUaffes ; at Tsoittingham, Lord Berkley's ; oxHighgatc, Loti Hollis's. SJStonmouttiefjtvf, Is in the Diocefs of Landaff, 80 Miles in circumference; contains about 340000 Acres, and 6490 Houfes: The Air healthful and temperate, the Soil hilly and woody, yet ve¬ ry fertile. Its Rivers Monnow, Wye, Usk, Saermey. Its chief Commodities, Cattle and Corn. It has 127 Parilhes, and 7 Towns. Monmouth the Shire Town, is 100 Miles from London, afair, large, and well-built Town. Its chief Seats are, Troy-houfe, MonrnoutlsCaftle, Ragland-Cajile, ChepfhstoJMt- file, Chepfow-Grange, and Tintnrn-ySbby, the Duke of Beau¬ fort's ; MbergavennyJlafile, Lord Abergavtmy s j St. Julians, Lord Herbert's of Chtrbury.

G 3 2i SSe {^efcnt &tatc Part I.

Is in Norwich Diocefs, 140 Miles in circumference j con¬ tains about 1148000 Acres, and 47180 Houfes. The Airis fharp, the Soil diverfe, moll part Ciayifli, or of a fat Chalk; 'die Spring and Harveft are here not very forward. Its Ri¬ vers Oufe, li'avwcy, Fare and Frin : The People are induftri- ous; the Gentry eminently Loyal to the Crown. The Commodities are Corn, Wooll, Conies, Honey, Saffron, of which thebeftis about P'Nalfingham-, and on the Sea-coafb arc abundance of Herrings: Jet and Amber are fometimes found on the Shore. Its chief Manufa&ures are Woollen and Worftcad, Stuffs and Stockings. It has 660 Parishes, and 31 Towns; Kshv/Y/j the Shire Town, 90 miles from London, a Biihop’s See ; is eminent for Norwich Stuffs made there, of which they vend yearly to the value of 100000 /. and of Stockings tfocoo /. Here is a Cathedral Church, the Duke of Norfolk's and the Biihop’s Palaces. Here is aHolpi- tal for too poor Men and Women ; fair Cloyfters and a line Market- Crofs. Tameutb is a ftrong Town and excellent Harbour ; Lynn a fair Town, and wealthy. Chief Seats are Cajlle-rifng, the Duke of Norfolk's ; Oxnead-Iiall, Paflon- NiU, Earl of Yarmouth's ; Raynhaw-Uali, and St if key-Hall, Lord VifcountrjwB-jS-'vrf’s. jrlojHjamptonfljirr, Is in the Diocefs of Peterborough, 110 miles in circumfe¬ rence; contains about 550000 Acres, and 24808 Houfes. The Air is healthful, the Soil is rich in Tillage and Palturage, and claims the Honour of having more Noblemen in it than any County in England-, the Gentry likewife are numerous. Its Rivers Bn, th'dav.d and Oufe, Its chief Commodities Corn, Cattle, Wood, and Salt-Peter. It has 326 Parifhes, and 11 Towns ;the Shire Town Northampton, 55 miles from London, having fuffered much by Fire, is rebuilt in great Splendour. Fttcrhmgh is a Biihop’s See ; Oitndle, Higktm* Far nr s, Wtllittghtrmgh, and Bradley have Free Schools. The chief Seats are Grafton-Regis, the Duke of Grafton's ; Burly, J'L'onhrop, and Nf’akcrhy, the Earl of Exeter's ; Cafflc-Njhby, ti\z Uzr] of Northampton'sNpthrcp and Screlhay-Lsdgo, the Earl of NNefhnorland's; Drayton, Looftvid, Thrapfon, Sudh- Parti. of ENGLAND. 23 mw, the Earl of Peterborough's ; Althrop, Earl of Sunderland's; Dam, Earl of Cardigan's ; VPittnick, Earl of Cravens ; Hil- dinly, Earl of Feverjhnm’s; Bougbton and Banmell-Caflle, Earl of Moiintague’s ; Great Billing, Earl of Tbemmd's ; Kirby, Lord Vifcount Hattcn’s ; jiftwiU, Lord Ferrers’s; Eajhn- Moduit, Vifcount de Longtttvillc’s ; Rockingham-Caftle, VFar- •mington, and Siocka’loj.i, Lord RookinghanTs-, Stejue^ Lord Crete’s; Dinghy, Lord Griffin's; Eajlm, Lord Lender’s. #o?tl]umberIant>, Is in the Diocefs of Durham, 143 miles in circumference; contains about 1370000 Acres, and 22741 Houles; ofa lharp and piercing Air, the Soil is rough, Hilly and hard to be manured, but ’tis daily improved : Its Rivers are Tweed. and Tine: Its chief Commodities are Sea-Coal,FilhandFowl. ’Tis divided into 46 Parilhes, which are large, having many of them Chappels of Eafc, 11 Towns, the chief is Nemafile upon Tine, 212 miles from London; it furnilhes moil of the Sea-port Towns of England with Coal, cfpccially London with innumerous many. Templum, Portut, Cafirum, Carlo, falina, Maris, Mum, Pons, Salem, Schola, fuut Novi Gloria Caltri. Berwick is a great llrong Town and Ifland on the River Tweed, between England and Scotland, but to which of the Kingdoms it belongs, is not known. Near and belonging to this County, are divers Iflands, the 3 mod noted, arc Cockett, Tam, and Holy-IJland. This being a Frontier County to Scot¬ land, mod of the great Seats are built Cadle-wife, the chief are, adbiewiek-CaJlle, Warkwetb-Cajllc, and Prtidac-CaJUc, the Duke of Somerset's j Oghr-CajUe, Botbal-Cajlh, and Hepple-Tmer, the late Duke or Kbrreafile's; Morpeth-Cajlh, the Earl of Carli/k’s ; Darmntwater, Diljlone, the Earl ofDarmenltv,iter's; VFark-Caflle, Chttngham-Caftle, Dunffiaba'g-Cafik, Horton-Ca- jlk. Lord Grey of VFarl's ; PYidrington-Cajlli , Lord Wit

ULottingljamfijirc, t Is in Tort Diocefs, j 10 miles in circumference ; contains about t'tfcoao Acres, and 17SS4 Houles: has a wholfomc Air, and different forts of Soil; the Scath-Euft part is Fertile, the Wejitrn Wooddy. Its Rivers, Trent, Iddle,&c. The chief C 4 Com- 24 Etjc State Part I. Commodities here,are Corn, Malt,Liquorice,Pit-Coal,Wood, Filh and Fowl. It hath i<58 Parilhes, and 9 Towns; the Shire Town is Nottingham, 9S miles from London ; a large well-built Town, hath a fine Market-place. Here arc many Rooms, Chimneys, Stairs, Windows, &c. hewn out of the. main Rock, Chambers Floor’d with a Plaifter, harder than that of Paris, made of a Stone, which, before it be burnt, is fofter than Alabafter. Mansfield is of Note for Malt, I Wbrkfop for Liquorice : Newark on Trust for Trade : Noble Families are here very numerous; their chief Seats are Work- jot, the Duke of Norfolk's; Nottingham-Cafile and Wellbeck- Abby, the late Duke of Newcafile's ; Ruford, the Earl of Mi- fax's S Clare-Houfe in Nottingham, and Houghton, the Earl of Clan's ; Holme Pierre-Poisst, the Earl of Kingston's ; Shellford, the Earl of Chesterfield's ; NewStcd-Abby, Bullmll Park, Uniy, Lord Byron's; Avetham, Kellham, Lord Lexington's.

Is in the Diocefs of Oxford, 130 miles in circumference; contains about 534000 Acres, and 19007 Houfes. The Air is fweet and healthful; the Soil is fertile in Corn and Fruits, and rich in Palhires. Its Rivers, Thames, and thofe two, Tafflcand Ifis, from whence the other has its name, befidethe Charmll, Windrufh and Evcnlead. Its chief Commodities, Corn Malt, Cattle, Fruit, Wood. Ithas:.8o Parilhes, and 1 y Towns, the chief is the City of Oxjcrd, 47 miles from London, one of the two noblefi: Univerfities in the World ; of which fee more hereafter. Woodstock is noted for its Park, walled in, and the firft in England: Tame for its Free School, lJenly for Malt, Witney for its Free School and Library : the rich and fine Town of Banbury for Cheefe ; Burford for Saddles: Its principal Seats are WoodSlock, a Palace Royal; C.ornbury, the Earl of Clarendon's ; Bletihington, the Earl Of Anglefy's j Caverjl.irss, the Earl of Craven’s ; Dichley and Lees-Rest, the Earl of Litchfield's ; Ryeott and Chefierton, the Earl of Abington’s; Broughton, Norlb-NswlonmiShetford, Lord Vifcount Say and Seal's ;Sherbern~CasUe, Lord Abergavenny's; Watcr-Eatm, Lord Lovelace s ; Leadwell, Lord Caringtons; Wroxsson-Abby, Lord Guildford's.

JKtttr

II5 fflje JDjcfcnt State Parti Hus diverfe forts of Air and Soil; but for the moft part this County is very rich in Soil and Pafturage. Its dirty ways make them fay, Bad for tbs Rider, goad for the slbidcr. Its Rivers, Seven, jivan. Frame, Parret, Farr, and Tam. Its chief Commodities are Com, Cattle, Lead, Woad for Dyers, and Briflol Stones, Mendip Hills were found rich heretofore in Lead, now in Lapis Calaminaris. The Oxen in this Country vie with Lancajhire for the faireft in England. Its chief Manufaftures are Cloth and Serges. At Chedder are the belt and largeft Checfes of England, made by the joint Stock of the whole Parilh. It has 38s Parilhes, and 30 Towns; the chief, Bridal; part of which Hands in this County, and part in Glacederfhire: Bath, a City eminent for its hot Baths, fovereign in Palfies, Goats, Rheamittifms, VVeaknefs of Nerves, and all fcrofulous Diftempers : pa miles from London. Wells a City noted for its Cathedral Church ; the Streets well built and Populous. Thefetwo Cities jointly are a Bilhop’s See. Taunton for Cloths; in making of which, 8500 Perfons are here weekly employed. Glaffcstlmry for its ancient Abby; llcheder likewife for Antiquity ; Bruton for its fine Church, Free-School and Hofpital. Chief Seats are Ckvenden-Cottrt, the Earl of Bridal's; Bruton-Conrt, Lord Vifcount Fitst, Harding's; Hinton St. George, Court of Wick , Kenn-Court, Walton, Lord Pamlett’s ; Cannington, Lord Clifford's ; Somer- ton. Lord Seawall's; at Chyaerton, Sir William Baffett's, 40 Hoglheads of good Wine have been made in one Vintage. £taffo?tKtjirE, Is in the Diocefs of Litchfield and Coventry ; t4t miles in circumference; contains about 8 roooo Acres, and 13747 Houfes. The Air is lharp and healthful; the Soil diverfe; its Rivers Trent, Churnet, Dave, Blithe, Line, Tarn, Sow, Pink, Manifold. Its chief natural Commodities are Copper, Lead, Iron, Alabafter, about Cadle-Hay ; and Pit-coal, of which they make curious polilhed Utenfils. Its moll confiderable Manufafture is Nails. It has ryo Parilhes, and 18 Towns; the moft eminent are Stafford, the Shire and Alfize Town ; well built, has a Free School; rod miles from London; the City of Litchfield, 94 milesfrom Lostdon, jointly with Coven¬ try, is a Bifhop’s See ; hath a fine Cathedral-Church ; and Burton a famous Bridge. The chief Seats are Blare-Hall, the late D uke of Newcastle f; Mm-CaSlh, the Earl of Shreafi tf ENGLAND. *7 hirfs; Newhorough, Earl of Bridgwater's ; Stafford-Cattic, the tail of Stafford's ; Jhrowhy, Earl of Arglajs's; Drayton-Bafstt, ^ord Vifcount Weymouth's; Chr.rtley-Caslle, Lord Ferrers's‘, jSfoHrf«f*Gif?/e,Lord SrtwrawV 3Bemidefert, Siw/y'-PiJnE^pjyriw, jLord P.Tg

( Is in the Diocefs of Norwich, 140 miles in circumference ; about 995000 Acres, and 34412 Houihs: Its Air gg good, except towards the Sea 3 it.s Soil various 3 rs, Stowe, Breton, Debcn, Blithe, Orwell, Sec. Its mmodiries are Butter exceeding good, and Cheefe Plenty, irs Manufacture Woollen and Linnen-dorh. lit hath 57 j Pariflie.', and 30 Towns 3 the chief, Jpfivich, 55 miles from London-, large,populous, well-traded, and cleanly; (hath a Free School and Library. St. Ednumdsbury is noted for its Free School, and the majeilicklluines of its magnificent Abby 3 Berkley and Buddefdale Free Schools, of good foundati- | on : Hadkigh, Lavmham, and Mildeu-Hall have line Churches, j This County hath above 40 Parks. Its chief Seats MnEwpn- 1 lUll, Duke of Grafton's 3 Ckrift-Cbitreb in Ipfwich, Sudiojn- j Hall, Earl of Sobsmis Lodge, Lord Vilcount HirejwtTs ; l Dentwn-Hail, Lord Vifcount Townjhnd's ; ToJlocNplace, Lord | North and Greys; Broom-Hall, Culford-Hall, Lord Cornwallis’s. Surrey, Is in the Diocefs of Vrinchcfnr, 11 a miles in circumference; contains about 592000 Acres, and 34218 Homes. The Air is fweer; the Soil not very fertile towards the middle, but rich in the Skirts. ItsRivers, 'ibrnts. Mole (which runs under Ground a Mile) Wandle,Wey.. It? Commodities Corn, Box, Walnuts,and near Rycgate, Fuller’s Earth 3 it is worth 4 d. per Bufliel at the Pitt. It has 140 Parilhes, and 9 Towns; the chiefeft are the Borough of Southwark, Guildford, the Alh/.c Town, 25 miles from London. Kiugfton has a fine Bridge; at Croydon is the Archbifliop’s Summer Palace; a Free School and Hofpital founded by Archbifliop Whit gift; near it are Banfiead-Dwns, frequented for Hunting and fa¬ cing. ChiefSeats are Richmond, Nonjuch and 0timid: Pah- 28 %\>t pjefent State Parti Ces Royal; Mury and Wayhridge, Duke of Norfolk',\ Wimbleton, Marquefs of Carmarthen i; Rovhatnpton, the Eld of Devonjhire’s ; Durance, Earl of Berkley's; Flanchford, Ea|| of Plimmth's ; Ryegate,Earl of Monmouth's; Tmting-gravnni Lord North and Grey's ; Pepper-ha,-rev, Lord Hollis’s. jy'J Epfm are celerated Medicinal Waters ; fo likewife at D«(. with, where is a College and Hofpital for a Mailer, j Fellows, re poor Men and Women, and asmanypoaj Boys; a Chaplain, School-Mailer, and Uiher. At Monfutf. is a Vein of Earth lit to make Crucibles. jj Suae?:. j Is in the Diocet of Chichejler; ij8 miles in circumfereiluj contains about r 140000 Acres, and 11537 Houfes. Thd Air is thick, yet eileem’d healthful; the Soil rich, the Land low, the ways in Winter deep. It has divers Rivers; bra the moll confiderable is /trim. Its Commodities, Cora! Cartel, Malt, Wooll, Wood, Iron, Chalk, Filh and Fowl | among which, the delicate Wheat-ear Bird is peculiar to thin County: ASujfex Carp, an Arundel Mullet, a ChicheJlerlM Her, an Jmerley Trout, are famous. Its chief Manufa£ture| are great Guns and Glafs. Here are 372 Pariihes, and i 2Hettmo^ant>, Is in the Diocefs of Chtjhrund CarliJIe ; no miles in circumference; contains about fioooo Acres, and 6501 Houfes. The Air is fhar'p, the Soil not very good, mountain¬ ous and moory : the South parts are heft. Rivers Eden, Can, Eamon,Lon. Its chief Commodity and Manufa&ure is Cloth. Here’s 16 Parilhes and 8 Towns ; the chief are Kendall, 101 miles from Landen; a richpopulousTown, hasaFree School, well endowed, and drives a great Trade in Woollen-cloth, Cottons, Druggets,Serges, Hats and Stockings. Kirby Latifdall is a large Town, has a fair Church, Stone Bridge, and good Trade for Cloth : Appleby has a Free School and Hofpital. Chief Seats are alrnftead Tower, and Bstham Hall, Earl of Der¬ by!-, Appleby Cafbe, Browgb Cajile, Brougham Caflle,Pendragon Cajlle, die Earl olThanett's; Wharim Hall, Lord Whartons. Uliltfljirf, Is in the Diocefs of Salisbury, 140 miles in circumference; contains about: 876000 Acres, and 17093 Houfes. A plea- fantand healthful Air and Soil ; the Men are warlike and hardy : Its Rivers, Ifis, Kernett, 'Avon, VVilly, and Haider. Its chief Commodities are Sheep, Wooll, Wood, and choice Rabbits of Auburn-Chafe. Here’s Knot-Grafs, ordinarily 15, I fometimes aoFoot long: its long Knots will fat Swine.The Woollen Manuftaure of this County is very great; it has 304 I'arifhes, and 03 Towns, befidesthe City of Salisbury5 7omiiesfrom London,; which has one ot tile fined Cathedral- Churches in the World, founded by Ofaald, Bifliop thereof, but built by Roger his Sucoeflor. It has as many Doors as

ofENGLAND. 3 i,is the fecend City of England, large and beaucifu middle of it a noble Stone-Bridge over the Rivs one huge Arch: ’Tis enclofed with a ftron ntains 30 Churches and Chappels, beiides : Cathedral Church ; is an Archbilhop’s See. Th 3* Slje picfent jtont WALES

I, generally divided into Twelve Counties.

Snfiltfty, IS in the Diocefs of Dmigtr, 80 Miles m circumference 1 containstains about 100000^Acres,100000 Acres, and 1840 Houfes: An u v 1 irren foever it looks, ’cis nevertheleis called The Mo th'Tther of Irak!?Vak: for the plenty ofor good Wheatwnear itk produces,prouut«, and;lftore) tofo grindnrind itir. Here, a*aas ll Rtimn-Varlb in Kent, and other parts of England, aregrea Timber Trees found lying along under ground black, hk Ebonv and fit for life when dryed in the Sun. Its prrnci pal Commodities are, Corn, Cartel, Fifh, and Fowl. It to 74 Parilhes, and two Towns; the clurf®^™"> ■; Miles from London, well built, anda good Harbour for Ship.

arJaf Diocefs, . o« Miles in circumference ; con. Ut (5:0000 Acres, and 5934 Houles. Its Aloun- : barren, but its Valleys very fruitful. Its princi- modifies are, Corn, Cattle, brlh, and fome Otter

and Vsk. ’Tis a well built Town where the Affaes ar kept, and hath a good Trade for clorh.n-. Its chief Seatt are Crickhmil-CaJUe, and Tremvre-Cajlle, theDuUol Bli¬

the Diocefs of St. David's, 94 Miles in circumfc' contains about s20000 Acres, and 3163Houfes. A of E NGL A-N D 4 Towns. The Shire a :afantly featcd on the R iir Stone Bridge. ’Tis ; hour, and fortiried with a ! is 14S Miles from LuJxi

it Lead. Here are 87 Panilies, a d Aflize Town is C»rm,v:h!,>, up; arge Bridge. Here is a Mayor, a in Scarlet Gowns, with other Lnl im Lojidoi:. Its chief Seats are

CarnartiaiisI)! [sin the Diocefs of Bather, no ! itainsabout 370000 Acres, and Mg by Nature, wirii fj,iry Hills, ilentifui in Cattle, Fowl, l’ifh, a iflies, and C Towns, all Havens. Town, 180 Miles from Uhds.i. ©cnbigliBljir i in die Diocefs of St. Jfapb, 82 Miles in clrcumferen rains about ifiocoo Acres, and 3150 Houfes. Its V : are very fruitful, and its Inhabitants long-lived. T :f Commodities are fmall Cattle, Butter, Cheefe, 1, Lead, Mill-Hones,' and Honey, with which t Ice good (lore of Metheglin. It hath 28 Parilhes, an rvns. Flint, the Shire Town, is fo fmall that it 1 : a Marker, yet it hath a noble Cafile, though now and ruinous. St. jtfaph is an ancient Epifcopal See, the River Elmy, 159 Miles from London. Gajimii is !y Market Town in the County, every. Village b( 11 furnilhed of it felf. Sr. Winifrd's Well, hard bj note for curing Aches and Lamenefles, Over the H this Spring is a curious Free-llone Chappel iles from Union.

Is in Latiiaff Diocefs, 1 rn Miles in circumference : ns about S40000 Acres, and 96+4 Houfes. The K rt is mountainous, the South a fruitful Valley, called rim of Vy

^tontaomrrpjBljin:, Is in the Diocefs of St. David's, 94 Miles in circumfe¬ rence i contains about 560000 Acres, and 5660 Houfes : Delightful with many Hillsand fruitful Valleys, breeds ve¬ ry good Horfes, and plenty of Goats. It hath 47 Parilhes, cnddTowns. Mmtgmtry the Shire Town, too Miles from London, is plealantly feated, and has a flrong Caftle. Its chief Seats are, Poms-CaJIlc, and Buitingtan-Hall, the Alartjuifs of Paras ; Lipnore-Lodge, and Lljjjdt, Lord Her- bert’s of Cbirbury. iNmbjo&epljire, Is in the Diocefs of St. David’s, 93 Miles in circumfe¬ rence; contains about 410000 Acres, and 4319 Houfes. The Eaft part is very pleal'ant, and the whole County plen¬ tiful in all necelfaries for Life. Part of it is inhabited by Flemings, placed here by Hen. iff. Their Country is called Link England beyond Wales. Here is plenty of Fifh, Fowl, Pit-coal, and Marl. It has 45 Parilhes, and 9 Towns; Pembroke the Shire Town, 195 Miles from London, is well inhabited by Gentlemen and Tradefmen, fortified with a Wall and flrong Caftle ; St. David’s, the Epifcopal See, whole Cathedral-Church was eminent for rhe higheft Roof in England, was once a City of good account, but now fo ruined that it is not a Market Town. 35a9no#sl)irc, Is in the Diocefs of Hereford, 90 Miles in circumference ; contains about 310000 Acres, and 3158 Houfes: Hath great varieties of Air and Soil, ftored with Woods, Rivers, and Meers. Ire chief Commodities' are Cheefe and Horfes. Ic has; 1 Parilhes, and 4 Towns. Radnor the Shire Town, 119 Miles^from London, hath a Caftle. Prejlain is a large, well- built i own, w here the Affizes are held, 116 MUes from Here arein all as Cities, 750 great Towns, called, Mar¬ ket-Towns, 9913 Parilhes, fome of 40 or 50 Milts circuit, 61 Forcfts, and about 300 Parks. D 2 The 5 6 fflje pjffcnt State Part I. The Rents of all the Lands in England and Wales is va¬ lued at about Scooooo l. per annum, and of Houfes about half as much ; and die judicious Sir Wiliam Petty efteems the.People and Territories of the King of England to be naturally near as con'iderable far Wealth and Strength as thofe of France, and that a tenth part of the whole Ex¬ pence of the King of England's Subjects, is fufHcient to main¬ tain yearly roccoo Foot, 30000 Horfe, ^.0000 Seamen, and to defray all other charges of the Government both or¬ dinary and extraordinary, if the fame were regularly tax¬ ed and railed. Pulit. Arith. p. 101. Eughiid, without Wales, is divided into fix Circuits, al¬ lotted to the 12 Judges to hold Afiizes twice a year. It is alfo divided by the King’s Juftices in Eyre of the Foreft, and by the Kings at Arms into North and South j that is, all Counties upon the North and South fide of Trent.

C K A P. IV.

Of its Air, Soil, ml Commodities. Sir*] T* H E Air is far more mild and temperate (if not 1 more healthy) than any part of the Continent under the fame Climate. By reafon of the warm Vapours of the Sea on every fide, and the very frequerft Winds from the huge Wefte*n Sea, the cold in Winter is lefs fliarp than in fome pans of France and Italy, which yet are feated far more thtrly. And by reafon of the continual Blafts of Wind from Sea, the very often interpoling of Clouds betwixt the Sun and Earth, and the frequent Showers of Rain, the Heat in Summer islet's leorcliing than in. fome parrs of the Continent that lie much tame-Northward, where neither Rain nor Clouds appear for fome Months, and not muchWind felt. As in Summer the gentle Winds and frequent Showers, quahfie all violent Heats and Droughts, and make the Day picalant; fo in Winter the Nights ate moftly ferene and bright, andthe Froftsdo only riieliorate the cultivated Soil, and the Snow keeps warm the tender Plants. In a word, here is noneceility of Stoves in Winter, nor Grotto’s in Parti. of ENGLAND; %1, Soil.] It Is blelTed with a very fertile wholfom Soil, %ve- tered abundantly with Springs and Streams, and in divers

tains and craggy Rocks, bur generally gentle pleafantHills riling with ealie Afcents, and fruitful Valleys . apt for Corn, Grais, or Wood. The excellency cf the E„si;p> Soil may be learn’d (as Farm sdvi/'ed of old) from the Com¬ plexion of the Inhabitants, who therein excel all other Na¬ tions, or clle from the high value put upon it by the Roman; and tne&T.V0?;/, who looked upon it as lucii a precious loot of Ground, that they thought it worthy to be fenced in, like a Garden-Plat, with a mighty Wall, of Fourfcore Miles ill length, w-. from Tinimuth oil the Com S t * Fnih on tile biffs Sea, and with a monlfrous Dike of Nine¬ ty Miles, «. from the mouth of the River FFjc, to that of the River Do:. Laftlv, the excellency of her Soil may alfo be learned from thole tranfeendant Euglogies bellowed on her by ancient and modern Writers, who called England The Granary of the Weftera World, Tht Sort of Ceres, &c. That her Valleys ate like Edon, her Hills like Lebanon, her Spnngs as Pijgab, and her Rivers as Jordan : That (he is 3 raradile of Pleafure, and the Garden of Gpd. “ Oh hap-1 I’;' anJ *?Icfled Britain '■ above all Countries in the World ,. Nature hath enrich’d thee with all the Elefiings of Hea- re-r and 1^artl1: Nothing in thee is hurtful =to Mar.’s „ L ’ , uns "'anting in thee that is delirable; infomucb that thou feemeft another World placed beiides, or witli- „ out the great World, meerly for the delight and pleafure of Mankind. £onimoDitif0 j As it is divided from the reft of the World, lb by reafon of its great abundance of all things ne- celiary for the Life of Man, it may, without the Contribu¬ tion of any part of the World, more ealily fub.'ift than any of its neighbouring Countries. Terra juis contone a bonis, non indiga nurds. Firft, For wboKom fubftantial Food, what plenty every Where is here of Sheep, Oxen, Swine, Fallow-Deer, Coneys, and Hares ? Jr wants not Red-Deer, Goats, nor Roes. What abundance are here of Hens, Ducks, Geefe, Turkeys,Pigeons? OtPartripge, Phealants, Plovers,. Teals, Thruflies, Meric:, 3 8 ' nt g jcftnt jfrate Parti, Field-fares, Oufles, or Black-birds, Larks, Wild-Ducks, Wild-Geefe, Coal-Geefc, Swans, Wigens, Peacocks, Bunt¬ ings, Snipes, Quails, Woodcocks, Lapwings ? It wants not Sandling, Knot, Curlew, Bavning, Dotterel, Roe, Cur, Ruff, Maychic, Stint, Sea-Plover, Pewits, Red-lhanks, Rails, and Wheat-ears, Herons, Cranes, Bitterns, Buftards, Puffins, Godwits, Heath-cocks, Moor-pouts, or Groufe-Thruihes, and Throftles. Then for Fifh, what plently of Salmons, Trouts, Lam- perns Locites, Gudgeons, Carps, Tenches, Lampreys, Pikes, Perches, Pels, Brecms, Roches, Dice, Flounders, Plaice, Suds, Mullets, Kingftones, Dorees ? What great abundance of Herrings, which in former times kept themlclvcs altogether about Kortvay, but of late take their Rounds about Midlummcr to Scotland, Ju¬ ly to Scarborough ill Torkjh'rc, afterwards to the Timm mouth, and lb round about by Ireland back into the North Seas in incredible Shoals'; as on thefe Coafo are likewife of Macktel, Whitings, Cods, Gurnets, Haddocks, Pilchards, Sprats, Oyilers for goodnefs and number almoft incredible ? We have great plenty likewife of Lobfters, Crabs, Shrimps, Prawns, Mufcles, Cockles, Efcalops, Cray-fiffi, ire. We want not Soles, Conger, Turbets.Scate, Thorn-backs, Mades, Smelts, &c. Hoiv doth England abound with Wheat, Barley, Rye, Pulle, Beans, and Oars, with excellent Butter and Cheefe, Honey, Saffron, and many orher choice Commodities for Food, Medicine, and Plealiire 5 The Fields are Efficiently full of Tares, Vetches, Clover- gtafs, Hop-Clover, San-foil, Ray-grafs, Trefoil, Cinquefoil, Hops, Wood, Flax, Hemp, Rape-feed, Luccrn, Damzict Flax, Canary-feed, Mulfard-feed, ire. -For Drinks, England abounds with Beer, Ale, Sider, Perry, Metheglin orMede, Brandy, made either of Mault or Apples, ere- Here is grentplenty of excellent Fruit. Fields, Woods, and Hedges, are Pored with Apples, Peers, Che. ties, Plums, Wall-nuts, Smail-nurs, Cheftnuts, Filberts, Srrawberries, Bullace, Sloes, Crabs for Verjuice, Blackberries, Huckleber¬ ries, Dewberries, Elderberries, Services, and the like. But in Orchards and Gardens you have for ^pp/rr, the mam, Reinet,’ Deux-ans or John, Queening,Greening, Ju- Part'L of ENGLAND.' 19 ]yflower, Harvey-Apple, Marigold, Early-ripe Junettings, and Quodlings, and innumerable many excellent forrs for Sider, as Red-ftreak, Genet-Moyle, &c. For Plan, tile Summer and Winter Bon-Chretienne, the Bergamot, Pop- perinff, Bceuries, Orange, Greenfield, Windfor, Lording, Mefiiro-Jcan, Sugar, Mufque, Catharine, Warden, and forty 0tFor'ptow, Pear-Plum, Damfons, Damazens, Mufiel, Per- drigon, Date, Imperial, St.Julian, Morocco, Great Antho- nv, Turkey, Cherries: May Cherries, Kentifh, Black Cherries, Ele- jnifli. Carnation, Morelia, Black Duke, Hcartlib, Cornelians, Black Heart, Morocco, Egrior, dw. _ Pc.,dies: Nutmegg, Ilabelia, Newington, Mulcat, \ lolet, Roman, Rambouillet, Crown, Bourdeaux, Malacoton, M:g- Albergc, Sycn " ' - Murry; Tawney, Red, Roman, Green, Yei-

1 Grapes: Ambois, Burgundian, Corinth, CMcr-Grapes, Frontinac, Mufcars, Early-blew, Raifon, Parfiey, &c. Pigs: Scio, White and Purple, Yellow, Dwarf, Blew, &c. Suinces : Barbary, Erunfwick, Portugal. Gmfcberr-es; Chryftal,Early-red, Amber, Enghfli, Yellow White, Dutch. Crrinthi all forts. . . Strawberries: Commor Wood,Englifh Garden, V irgmian, White Coped, Long, Red, Green, Scarlet, Polonian. All forts of Raff is, Mulberries, berberries, Medlesrs, Services, Quiesces, Filberts, &£. The Kitchin-Garden affords many excellent Dilhes, not only of pleafant Fruit, but of fubftantial Food ; as Aspara¬ gus, Artichoaks, Alifanders, Beans, Kidney, and Lupine Beans of all forts; Beets, Cabbage, Cardons, Carrots, Cau- ly-flowers Clary, Cucumbers, Endive, Gourds of all loirs, Lettuce of all forts, amongfi them that delicious one ot Si- lefia, thrives here as if it were its original Soil. Melons of ail forts, Mekins, Pari'nips, Peafe of all forts. Potatoes, lom- pions, Radilh of all fotrsj Rochambole, Scirrets, Scorzonera, Sellery, Savoy, Turnips. _ . Nof doth every common Olitory want Baulin, Bafil, Bares, Borrage, Buglofs, Chervil, Cole-w—- r~~ D * 40 JEIje Jpjcfetit Sifafc Parti. frits, Fennel, Garlick, Hyfop, Horfe-Radilh, _ Lavender, Leeks, Marjoram, Marigold, Mint, Nauffurtiunt’s, Onionr, Parfley, I’uriliin, Penvroyal ; all forts of Pot-herbs, and edible Roots, and Salad ; Rofemary, Sage, Savoury, Scurvy, graft,Shallot.Spinage, Succory, Sorrel, Thyme. The Flower-Garden hath Africans, Alaternns, Agnus callus, Almond-Trees, Aloes, Amaranth, Atnomum Flinii, Ancmonies, Arbutus, Auricula’s, l!alfamina,EalfamurnMas, L'jrt-lja Jovis, Belvedere, Bottles, Box, Clialcedon, Candy¬ tufts, Cana Ind, Canlicum, Carnations, Chamx-Iris, Chamx- Jxa, Cillus, Cloves, 'Colchicnm, Columbine, Convolvulus, Crocus, Cedrns, Libani, Crown Imperial, Cyaims, Cyclamen, Cyprels, Cytifns, Daffodils; Exoticks and Evergreens of in¬ numerable many forts ; Foxgloves, French Marigolds, Fraxiiielia.Fritiliaria, Firrs, Gcntianclla, Geranium, Gladio- !us, Hedyfarum, Hepatica, Hollyhoc, Holly-ftripcd,Humble Plant, Honcy-lucklcs, Hyacinth, Jafmines, Iris, Juncjuiils, Larks-fpur, Lentilcus, Lillies, Limon Trees, Lupines all forts, Lychnis, Laurels, Laurullinus, Laburnums, Alarum S'yriacum, Martagon, Matricaria, Mczcrion, Mirabiie Peru, Mufcaris, Mufcipula, Myrtils all forts, Nigclla, Oleander, Orange Trees. Olive Trees . Peonies, Paffitm-flower, Polyanthxa, Phillyrca, Pinks, Pomegranate, Pomumamoris, Poppies double, Pyraeantha.Phranus, Primula, Ranunculus, Roles ail forts, belide the Monthly Rofe, blowing in the midlt of Winter ; Sea Ragwort. Spanilh Broom, Sena, Stock-Gillyflowers, Sweet Scabious, Sweet Sultan, Sweet- Williams, Sensitive Plant, Tragacanrha, Tulips, Tuberofe, Valeriar , Violets, Wall¬ flowers. or. But many of the Exotick', are Irnufed Winter; and if fo, there is fcarce any Plant in the World but will thrive here, witnefs the IndiM Fig-tree, bearing ripe Fruit; and many other curious Exotick plants in thefe two celebrated Phylick Gardens, that of the Uni.erdtv of Oxford, and of the Vmdm Apothecaries in Chdfc-j. Tile Woods are not only flock’d with large and durable Timber Trees and Pollards. Alder, AOi, Beech, Birch, Chcfl- nut, Elm. Oak. Yew. c«. bur every wncre with medicinal Herbs,which grow plentifully likewife in everyForefl.Lawn, Shaft and Hedge ; and what of Phyllcai Druggs rhe Woods and Fields want, the GoodwilVs Garden for the moll part fuppiies.

42 £[)£ fefafe Part I. with it; fo that the Fable of the Gtldm Eltict hath its Moral uiEngland, our Fleeces producing fo much Riches tons. This abundance and cheapnels of Wooll in England pro. ceeds not only from the goodnefs of the Soil, hut alio from a Freedom from Wolves, and from exceffive Heats and Colds, which in other Countries creare a charge of conftant guarding their Sheep, and houling them by Night, and fometimes by Day alfo. And for advancing the Manufa- flares of Cloth, that necefiary Earth .called Fullers Earth, is no where elfe produced in that abundance and excellency as in England. It wants not Linnen for all ufes, at leal! not Ground to produce Flax and Hemp, although there hath been much Linnen imported, with much Paper, and fine Paper made of Linnen, to the fhame and damage of the Nation. But there are lately many Paper-Mills erefled, and very much line Paper made in feveral Places of England; and the Paper- makers are incorporated by a Royal Patent into 3 Society. The fame incouragement hath alfo the Linnen Manufacture; and already we have fo much made at home, as we need not fend abroad for any. Belide, there is in England great Plenty of excellent Leather for all forts of ufes, infomuch that the poorefi people wear good Shoes of Leather; whereas in our Neighbour¬ ing Countries, the Poor generally wear either Sliooes of Wood^ornone a:all; whillf the pooreft of our Labourers have not only Shooes, but good ftrong Leather Boots-too, to preferve ’em from cold when they work in Ditches or other wet Places. Slate, nor Jdeifc or Blue Slate, Brick nor Tile’s, Marble nor Alabafter, Mortar nor Lime, Lead nor Glafs. For Firing, either Wood, Sea-coal, or Pit-coal, is almofl every where to be bad at reafonable Rates ; and alfo Turf. In many Places oC England, a Horfe-Load of good Sea-coal is bought for Twopence, and a great Waggon-load of Oaken Billiting for a Crown. For Shipping, r.o where better Oak, no where fuch Knee- Timber, (as they call if) for which four Forelb are eminent and convenient likewife for Portage, vit. Nm-Ftr/ft in Hampjhin, near the Sea, Shiramd onrhe Trent, Dean on the S/vim, and ITindfir-FortJl on the Thames. We have likewife great (tore of Iron to make ferviceable and durable Guns, Bombs, Carafe,.and all other Ufes. For

44 £!jc pjefcM&inlc Parti, Ounces jrr Cent. but thefe lying deep, are bard to come unto, and Workmen dear, which is otherwife in Potofs. It wants not Hot Bath, as in Stmcrfetjbire, D.wfyjhirc; and abounds in Medicinal Springs, as at Tunbridge, Ebjham, Scarbo¬ rough,Aftrcp, ASon,Barnet,Horth-Ha!l,Dullidgc,Islington,Setlengi, Vintittrit have be'm heretofore common in mod of the Southern and middle Parts of England; and Silk; might bs here produced, as it was once defrgned by King "James the Fird; but a great part of the Natives, prone to Navigation, fupplying England at a very cheap rate with all forts of Wines, Silks, and all other Foreign Commodities, (according to that of an ancient Poet, Quicftid amat luxtts, (jmcf'da dejidirat ufi;s, Ex te proveniunt, aid aliunde iibi.) it hath been found far better Husbandry to employ Engtifo Ground rather for producing Wooll, Corn anil Cartel, for which it ismodproper. Though fome Countries excel England in lome things, yet generally there is no one Country under Heaven,, whole Air is better dored with Birds and Fowls ; Seas, Rivers and ■Ponds with Filh ; Fields with all forts of Corn ; the Pa- ftures with Cattle; the Foreds, Parks, Warrens, and Woods, with wild Beads (only for Recreation and Food;) the Mines with Metals, Coals, Alabader, Marble, Free-done , and other Minerals; the Country Farms with Hens, Capons, Turkeys, Geefe, Ducks, Peacocks, Dove-houfes, Eilh-ponds, Coney-Warrens, Pigs, Milk, Fruit, ire. Where are fewer ravenous and hurtful Beads, fewer venomous Serpents, or noiiome Flies and Vermin, fewer Droughts, Inundations or Dearths ; fewer unwholfome Serenes, pedilenrial Airs, tempeduous Hurricanes, fubterraneous Fires, burning Mountains, or dedru&ive Earthquakes : And alrho’ a Pefti- lencchath formerly vifited us once in about twenty years, (yet never but when the Contagion hath been brought hither from other Countries.) God be praifed ’tis now 32 years lince we felt that Calamity, and God grant it may Abundance of all tilings neceffary for Man’sLife, and more efpecially forall kind of Food ? infomuch that it hath been judged, that there is yearly as much Flelh and Beer confum’d in England by over-plentiful Tables, as would ferve three times the number of People. Add to all this, That being

46 2ulje; pjcfrnt State Part I, The Sdx'wr folely poffefs’d of all the hell parts of thii Ifle, were for a long time infefted, ami for fome time al moll fubdued- by the Dams, and afterwards wholly by th Nortnatis,who drove not out the Saxons, but mixed with them; fo that the Englijl Blood at this Day is a mixture chiefly o! Norman and Saxon, not without a Tinfture of Dam'll, Romij\ and Britjih Blood. iHlimber Of Inljabitanta.] To give the Reader an a- aft Account of the Number of People in England; will bs very difficult, but a near Conjefture may be thus made. England contains, according to the accurate Calculation of the judicious Mr. Houghton, in his Account of the Acres and Houles, with the proportional Tax of. eachXounty of England and Wales, Printed dlnno 1693. 1175951 '■ Houfo, Now allowing to each Houfe, one with another, 6 Perfora, there will be found in all, 705570(5 Souls, and- amongH them 1000000 of Fightirig-men. All the Souls in' Frame are computed at 13500000, or at the mod, 15000000, of which 270000 are Church-men, befides Nuns; the Clergy of England being fcarce 20000, fflieir language.] The feT/h Tongue being at prefent much refined, exceeding Copious, Exprelflve and Significant, (by reafon of a Liberty taken by the Natives, of borrowing out of- all other Languages what ever might conduct thereunto) is (as their Blood) a mixture, chiefly of the Old Saxons) (a Dialeft of the Teuton ck) and the Old Norma, (a Dialefl: of the French) not without lome favour of the Britains, Romans, and Dams Languages. The Romans poflelling England, caufed their Tongue the Latin, to be generally uled in this Country. The Saxons fucceeding, introduced their Language,where- foever they feated themlclves. The Normans afterwards getting Polfeflion of England, caufed the Norman or French Tongue to be learned at School by the Saxons; and for a long time, rill 3S. of Edward the 3d. Laws, Statutes, Pleadings, Sermons, Schools, Writings, The Latin Tongue at prefent is made ufc of in Court- Rolls, Records, Procelfes of Courts, in Charters, Commifli- ons, Patents,Writs, Bonds, ant! fome Statutes are dill kept in that Language. The Naples of Shires, Cities, Towns, and Villages, Places and Men in England, are generally Saxon ; and fo are mod Nouns rlfcSalivr, and a great part of the lefts. Ia Parti. of ENGLAND. 4? In French, or rather Mm-tow, are Hill written the Common Laws, and learnt by young Students thereof; ail Reports, Pleadings, all Moots and Law Exercifes, are wholly French ; Declarations upon Original Writs, all Records are written in Frisch; fome old Statutes arc ftill in that Tongue : In Parliament the Alfent or Diflent to Bills, made by the King, Lords or Commons, is in French : Almoft all our Terms in in Hunting, Hawking, Dicing, Dancing, Singing, &c. are ftill French. dfjaratter.] The Natives of England, by reafon of the temperate Climate, mild Air, plenty of wholfome Food ; andtheufe of Beer rather than Wine ; are commonly tall and big of Stature, it compared with Southern Nations. They are fair, efpecially the Women, whofe Beauties are lifting, Shapes fine, mien agreeable, Air 1 weet and charm¬ ing. Both Sexes are here well proportioned in Body, and graceful in Carriage: grave, well-fpoken, prudent, modeft, free, iincere, pleafant, ingenious : The Men are ftrong, couragious, warlike, (BeUiacipni, faith Bo din the French Politician) refolute, enterprizing, conftanr, not knowing howto fly in Battel: libera], to Prodigality, open-hearted, hard to be provoked; yet when exafperated, ftomachful till Satisfaction be given, and then they are ealie to be reconci¬ led : They are l'umptuous and iplcndid, great lovers of HoF pitality, magnanimous and beneficent, learned, fagacious, grateful : They are thought to be wanting in lnduftry, (excepting Mechanicks, wherein they are, of all Nations the greateft Improvers) Caution, Sufpicion, Craft, Obfequr- oufnefs, and which is molt of all n be deplored, Conren- tednefs : but thefe Wants are fupplied by many eminent Qualifications, as, Dexterity, Sagacity, Eloquence, Fidelity, Friendlhip, Publick-fpiritcdnefs, £-c. The D.iringnefs of the Soldier, the Profoundnefs of the Scholar, the Magnificence of the Gentry, die Robuftnefs of the Labourer, are not furpalfed, if equalled by any Peo¬ ple of the World. The Women are tender, chafte, conftant, prudent, loyal, induftrious, paflionately loving to their Relations, efpeci¬ ally their Husbands and Children, even to Fondnefs: They are not without Vanity (particularly in Cloarhs. being changeable in their Fafliions and Furniture, which is lome- tiines prodigal) Pretenlionsto Satyr, Raillery, and the like : but no Women ouc-do’eminModeftv, Clemency, Simpli¬ city fart! of E ngi And. 49 Cudgel-playing, or fome fuch like vehen at Exercife, :heir Recr ’heyan in the World. A Man is nor very Old till go ; ’tisnovery extraordinary thing cme to 90 ; and here are feveral who get their Livelh- 1 by Handicraft Work at 100 and upwards. Not ma- ears ago, 8 old Men danced a Morrice-Dance, all li- ;in one Manour in the Weft of tr.glnnd, whole Ages together, made 800 years; and in the year 163;, dyed ’art, aged 152, who lived in 10 Reigns. But fuch long rs were born of healthy Parents, and lived temperate ; whereas on the other fide, by rcafon of intempe- there is no part of the World wherein People are 2 iubjeft to die fuddenly.

CHAP. VI. Of Religion. H E Chriftian Religion was planted in Eiigl.ntd, Ton- pae lit Jcmtas (faith Gild.;!) fuamr.o Tiberii Cetfaris, !i by Computation, will fall to be live Years before :ey came ro Rome, and about five Years after the death irift. is alfo affirmed by fome, That immediately after St.Src- 1 death, and the 'Jews difperlion, Jofeph of Arimtsthc.r, twelve others, here preach’d and died : That the firft :k of a Chriftian Church or Temple inali the World,- xCLtfieulttry in Smserfetjbire, 3t Y'ears after Chrift’s ; but fome better Authorities fpeak of Simon 7.data irifiobtdm, mentioned by Sr Pant, their preaching the :1 here, and fealing it with their Martyrdom. Afrer- ;,Aim 180, the Chriftian Faith was here moll undoubt- profelfed by publick Authority under King Lucius, the hriftiaii King in the World, and with Chriffianiry,' >ubt, came in the Epilcopal Governmenr, as may be n the Catalogue of Britijh Bifhops : And it is certain, : the Council of Arles, Amo 347, there were three ufhopsof England, mi?., of 7.mdon, Tork. and C,rerl-*>i 5 iof the firft had for his* Province under hrrfs the Serdii jo Eclje f jtftnt State Patti the fecond, all the Kortk ; and the third, all beyond Seven, or the Weft part of this Ifland. Under thefe three Archbi- lhops, there were reckoned about that Age, twenty eight Bifhops, all which did obferve the Cuftoms and Orders of the Greek or Eaficm Churches, and particularly that of Eaftr, different from the Latin Cuftoms, or VVefiern Churches, not- created all Churches that did fo ; nor did they acknowledge Rome to hethe Mother of the Britannick Church. VVewere obedient to Chriftianity when we were ftrangees to Rome: Bricannorum inacccJJ'x Komanis leca Cbrifto veto fubdita, Ter- tul. aiv. •jtid. cap. 7. And if the Gofpel was received here former than in Ranee or Spain, it is one reafon why we fhould have the Precedence. Britain was then a Patriarchal Jurildiftion in Subftance, though perhaps not in Name, and fo continued, until about the year 596, when Jlupin the Monk, fent hither from Rome by Pope Gregory the Great, af- lifted by the Fraud of forty other Monks, and by the Power of the then Heathen Jnglo Saxrnt (who had long before driven the Britains into Walet) and their King Ethelbcrt, whom he had converted to the Chriftian Faith, conftrained the Britijh Bifhops, here being then but feven, betides the Archbilhop of Caerleon, to fubmit themfelves to the Biihop of Rome, not without the Malfacre of 1200 religious Perfons at Bangor, who had oppufed the Introduffion of Papal Authority ; lb fooir began the bloody Game here in England. After which by the Connivance or condefcenlions of the fucceffive Saxon and Konnan Kings, this Church was in fome things fubjedted to the Biihop of Rome, as its Patriarch or Primate: But lince England hath become one intire Monar¬ chy, none of our Kings ever fuhjefted themfelves to any foreign Power, either Spiritual or Temporal, till King 7ohn, perfecuted in the midft of his, Barons War by the

54 Elje $}tfcnt jftate Part I. We liold a charitableRefpefltoward all Chridians: We confels our Sins ro God, and to our Brethren, whom we have offended, and to God’s Minifters and Fricfts, in cafes of Scandal, or of a troubled Confcience ; and they duly abfolve the penitent Soul. We have an uninterrupted Succeflion of Reverend, Learned, and Pious Bifhop’s, who Ordain Prieds and Deacons, Confecrate Churches, Confirm the Baptized at a due Age, Blefs the People, Intercede for them, Vilit oft their refpeftive DiocelTes, taking care of all Churches, that they be ferved with as good and able Pallors as the fmall Maintenance can invite ; keep Hofpi- tality as St. Paul admonifheth, and Preach as oft as occajion requireth. An ABSTRACT Of the ARTICLES of the Church of England which art a Summary of its Doctrine. c. T H E Unity of the Godhead, and Trinity of Perfons. X a. That the fecond Perfon, The Word was made Fhjl, being in twh didinft Natures, and one undivided Perfon, Cbrill, very God, and very Man ; who fuffered, was cru¬ cified, dead, and buried ; a Sacrifice to God for original and aftual Sin. 3. That he defeended into Hell. 4. That he arofe again from Death, and afeended into Heaven, and fhall return again to judge all Men at the lad Day. That the Holy Ghod procecdeth from the Father and the Son; of the fame Subllance, Majedy and Glory ; very and Eternal God. 6. That Holy Scripture containeth all things neceflary to Salvation ; viz. thefe Books, which are Canonical: Gtn. Exod. Lcvit. Numb. Dim. Jojh. Judg. Ruth, 1 of Sum. a of Sam. r of Kings, a oi Kings, 1 of Chron. 2 of Chron. 1 of Ejdrar, 1 of Efdras, Efher, Job, Pfsilms, Prov. Ecclef. Cam. four greater Prophets, twelvelefs Prophets. The ripcchryphal are to be read for Example of Life, and Indruftion of Manners; viz,, third and fourth of Efdras, Tolit, Judith, the red of Eft her, Wifdom, Ecclefaflicus, Baruch, Song of the dim Children, Hiforj of Sufannah, of Bell and Parti. of ENGLAND. ff ■ayer of Manaffes, (lift and fecond Book of **That*all the Books of the Sea Tipmait as commonly re¬ ceived, are Canonical. ' . 7. That the Old Tcjhmmt doth agree with the Now, in of¬ fering eternal Life by the Mediatorlhip of Chrift : That the old Fathers look’d farther than on tranfitory Promifes; and that altho’ the Ceremonial and Ritual Law doth not ihtl bind, yet the Moral Commandments do. 8. That the three Creeds, vis., of the Apoltles, Siam, and Mmnfimt, ought throughly to be believed, and may be warranted out of Scripture. _ _ . 9. That Original Sin is the Nature, and a continual 10. That we can do no good Works without the Grace of God by Chrift preventing us. , n. That we are jollified only for the Merit of our Lord and Saviour Jcfus Chrift by Faith, and not for our own Works 12. That good Works acceptable to God in Chrift, do necelfarily fpring out of a true Faith, which is known by em as a Tree by its Fruit. 13. That no Works done before the Grace of Chrift,and Inspiration of his Holy Spirit, are good. 14. That the Doftrine of Safaerogation (to wit, that there are good Works which God hath not commanded) is 1 j. That Chrift alone was without Sin, and all of us offend in many things. . , 16. That after Baptifm and the Holy Ghoft received, a Man may fall into deadly Sin, and by the Grace of God may again arife,repent, amend, and be forgiven. 17. That fome are Predeftinated of God to Life eternal by Chrift; fucli are called accordingly, and through Grace, obeying the Call, are juftified freely. That as the confide- ration of Predeftination is comfortable and beneficial to Ipi- ritual Men, fo itis of dangerous concern to carnal Men : And that we muft receive God’s Promifes as they are re¬ veal’d, and acquielce in his Will as it is declared m Holy Writ. , _ , 18. That no Man can be faced by living up to the Rules of any Law or Sett, but only by the Name of Jehis Chrift. E4 19. That 56 SCije ^jetcjit &tat£. Parti. 19. That the Vifible Church of Chrifl is a.Congregation of faithful Men, in the which the pure Word of God it preached, and the Sacraments duly miniftred : And that the Church of Rows hath err’d in matters of Faith, as fome o- ther ancient Churches have done. ao. That the Church hath Powerto decree Rites and Ce¬ remonies, and Authority in Controverfies of Faith, yet can¬ not lawfully ordain any tiling contrary to God’s Word, or expound any one place of Scripture repugnant to another, or enforce any .thing to, be believed for neccffity of Salvati- on, befide what is in Holy Writ. ar. That General Councils are not to meet without the Will of Princes; That they may err, and fometimes have err’d; nor have they Authority to ordain any thing as ne- ceflary to Salvation, but out ofHoly Scripture. 22. That the Ramijh Doftrines of Purgatory, -Pardons, Worlhip of Images, Relicks, and Invocation of Saints, can¬ not be warranted by Scripture, but are rather repugnant to the Word of God. 23. That no Man ought to preach publickly, or admini- Her the Sacraments, unlefs he be lawfully called, and fent {hereto by publick Church Authority. 24. Tha't Praying, or adminiftring the Sacraments- in an unknown Tongue, is repugnant to the Word of God, and the Cuftom of the Primitive Church. 2;. That Sacraments ordain’d of Chrifl, are not only Badges or Tokens of Chriftianity, but rather fure Witneffes, and effeftual Signs of Grace,-and God’s good Will towards ns. That the Two Sacraments ordain’d of Chrift, are Baptifm and the Supper of the Lord ; and that Confirma¬ tion, Penance, Orders, Matrimony, and Extream Unflion, are not Gofpel Sacraments, having no vifible Sign or Cere¬ mony in the Gofpel. That the Sacraments were not or¬ dained to be gazed upon, or carried about in Frocelfion, but for a due ufe, and that they have a wholfome ef- feft only upon worthy Receivers, and a quite contrary to 26. That the Unworthinefs of Minifters make none of Child’s Ordinances ineffeftual to worthy Receivers. 27. That Baptifm is a vifible Sign and Seal of Regenera¬ tion ; and that the Baptifm of young Children is mod a- greeable with the Inftitution of Chrid. 28. The

j-8 aC^pjEfcnt State Parti 39. That as vain and rafli Swearing is forbidden by Chrift and his Apoltlc St. 7antes, fo when the Magiftrate require, a Man may teftifie upon Oath in a Caufe of Faith and Cta rity, fo it be done injuftice, Judgment, and Truth. This is a faithful Summary or Abridgment of the j) Articles, agreed upon by the Archhilhops and Bifliops i both Provinces, and the whole Clergy, in the Convocation held at London 1 $62, for.the avoiding of diverfities of 0. pinions, and for the elbabiilhing of Confent touching tret Religion, with the Affent of Queen Elizabeth of happy Me mory, and again confirm’d by the fame Authority Am Dun. 1571. The Articles themfelves at large, with the Learned Annotations of Mr. Regers upon them, is well worth any Man’s perufal. . Even fince the beginning of our Reformation, there an fome few Families in feveral parts of England, have perfilb ed in the Rmijb Religion, and are ufually called Papijh from Papa, the old Title of the Bifhop of Rome. Again! thefe there are divers fevere Laws 'EM in force, but thofe Laws have been more rarely put in execution ; that the dc mency and gentle ufage fhewn to them here, may beget ia Remijh States and Potentates abroad, the like gentle treatment of their Proteftant Subjefts, and of the Englijb, liv ing within And tho’ there be feveral other Perfwafions in this Nati¬ on that differ from the Church of England, as eltablifhed by Law, and were liable to fome Inconveniences becaufe of their Perfwafions, till of late ; fuch as Presbyterians, Indt- pendants, Anabaptijh, Quakers, and others : Neverthelefs lince this happy Revolution, all his Majelly's Protdb.nt Sub¬ jects dilTenting from the Church of England, are by an AS Prime Cttliel. & Maria, exempted from the Penalties of cer¬ tain Laws therein mentioned. And as it was obfervable, that many of our eminent Clergy were inftrumental and active in procuring this Indulgence for their weak Brethren, fo the Clergy in general, to ihew how far they are from 1 a Spirit of Perfection, are fully farisfied and pleafed with LtI. of ENGLAND. J9 jMajefly, and fubfcribes the Declaration enjoyn’d in [Aft of 3° a. Entituled, An A a to prevent Pra;jfts Ifrtm Sitting in cither Hmfe of Parliament, when ttndn There is alfo a Toleration granted'to ( ain other Pcrfons, ioiffenters from the Church of England, 10 fcruple the ta¬ ng of an Oath ; and the Declaration sty fuch Perfon lllroake and fubferibe, is as follows : Jr a. b. ©o finrerelp p?omife ano folemnlp Declare 11 iicfojc ©oo ano tlje aiojlb* tljat 31 toill be SLtue iiiD jfaitljfUl to King william : Tlno 3i foltmti* Ejipjnfcfe ano oeclarc, tljat 31 no from my ijeart ab* ljo?, Dctctt ano renounce as 3impious ano igerctical, mat Bamnable ©ottrine ano ©ofition, ffiijat ©gmccS tepcommunicateo o? ©cp?i'jeO bp tlje ©ope, o.J anp alntljojitp from tljc See of Rome, map be ©epofeo, jo? f urtljereo bp tijetr Subjais, o? anp otljrr toljatfo* per: aina 31 bo beclare, tljat no Jfo?rip ©?inrr, ©rr* ton, ©?clate, State, o? potentate, Ijatl), o; outilit to fijibe anp ©otter, 3;Urifoittion, Snpcrio?itp, fhgcljt* Iminmre.o? aiuttjojitp ©cclefiafticai o? Spiritual ttitij- tijis Realm. - (And they mud fubferibe a Profeffion of their Chriffian Belief in thele Words. I A. B. ©gofefs faitlj in ©ob tlje fattier, ano m 1 Iirius dlj’ilf ljig eternal Son, tlje true Got), ano !m. tlje folp Spirit, one Goo blftrco foj rtocrmojr ano Do achnotolcBge tlje folp Scriptures of the &)io ano j)ictt£ctfameittto be gitenbp ©ioine 31ufpira» %\)t pjefettt &tate

CHAP. VIII.

Of Trade. re purity of our Religion, of any Nationin the Worl nefs of our Trade. Trade mi Trade, we appear to h: divided into many Purft other Countries, doth not 1 is it in the Hands only o of Merchants and Bankers, r: Ufurers ; but the general! their ufe, buying and felling ly at 3, 6, or p .Months en ich hath here a ftvift and 7art I. of E N G L A N D. 6t dinners, Bakers, Woodmongers, Cordwaincrs, Vinters, Wins* 'topers, See. • But that which makes mofl: confident he World is,the wonderful greatnefs cf out hr upon the 3 Articles of Eteportatton, : '{(•exportation, and bnportation, no Kingdom tVorld .can any ways match us. France pi nore than the firft of tiiele Spain, Italy -ar hirn Crowns, to the firft and third ; Holland, 0 in the fecond. Firft then for Exportation, our Country p: the moft fubfhnrial and neceflary Comi World: as, Con;, Cattle, Cloth, Iron, Lead,', ptr.is, Pil-Coal, Alim, Saffron, See. Our Com fonietimes preferves other Coui ring; as at prefent Holland and Flanders. O moll ferviceable in the World, and highly H2rdir.efs, Beauty, Strength, Courage, Goi ons. With Beef, Mutton, Pork, Poultrey, Elual, not only our own Fleets, but all Fore and go. Our Ironwe Export Manufactur’d Carcalles, Bombs, &c. Our Cloth is Pent tc World, the Bahid, die Mediterranean, the Indies, &C. The Manufacture of Wooll in Broad-Cloth Northern Dozens, Rallies, Kerlies, Bays, Perpetuano’s, Says, Stuffs, Prize, Pennil Caps, Ruggs, &c. Exported ; may be com to acooooo l, per Annum. Lead, Tin, andC Prodigious and almoft incredible is the other Goods from iicnce Exported ; viz. h Hats, Shooes, Ale, Beer, Red Herrings, Pilch, (iers. Saffron, Liquorice, Hatches, Ribbands, The Veffments,Hats, Shooes, Houlhold-f hence yearly to America, is computed at 200 not Woolland EullersEarth, becaufethey a England produces yearly jccoocoo Chald iioooco pounds of Tin, 800 Fodders of 1 ces of Iron, 800 Tuns of Aliom ; of all u tities are exported to foreign Parts.

Parti. of ENGLAND. Inrtead of fuch Encouragements for the improvement of Trade, how many Misfortunes do we lie under ? The Dutch have got mod of the £.1flani Trade from us, and almod all that of ; they have quite outed us in a manner of the Greenland Trade, only we have fome hopes that a late Aft of Parliament may have fome good Effect for the retrieviijg that ; but {fill they are like to engrols the great Trade for China and Japan, and greateft part of the Plate Trade from Cadiz, as they have all the Eaji-India Trade for Nutmegs, Cloves and Mace, and mold of the Trade from our own Territories of Scotland, if not Iceland. Why firould I mention how much we contribute tothefe Misfortunes by our own Carele(fnefs,notto fay Dilingenui- ry, the fili'e making of our Cloth (rho’ the falter Flemmings (fetch it fometimes to unreafonable lengths) and the falfe Packing of our Fiih, &c. 1 am weary of this ungrateful Topick, and leave it for abler hands to purfue. The Advantages in which we fliinc are dill very great, and of late years in many refpefts valtly improved. In ancient times the great Trade of this Nation confided in unmanufaftur’dWooll,which Foreigners coming from all parts, bought of us ; infomuch that the Cudoms of EngUjh Wood Exported in Edward the Third’s Reign, amounted at so;, a Pack, to ascooc l. per jinn, an hnmenfe Sunun of Money in thole Days: And that excedive Cudoin upon unmaimfiftur’d Wood foon gave Encouragement to the makingof Cloth here, more effectually than the Sanguinary Laws againft Exportation of VV'ooll are now found to do : yet moll of this Wood being fent but jull crofs rhe hear 10 Flanders, France or Holland, the Exportation for the mod parr was in very i’mall Velfels to what are now in ufe ; and neither of rhe Indies being then difeovered to our .Merchants, we Ind for aimod two Centuries after but few Ships of my conliderablc Bigne I \ h Cur Ships in the Uames lb big as to be computed each at no Tuns, belide the Navy-Royal. And towards the latter end of Queen Elizabeth's Reign ’tis faid, there was not in all England above three Merchants Ships of 300 Tunf and upwards each ; but then they began here to build great Ships apace; for about the middle of King Jams the Eird’s Reign, miz. Kirthe Eaft-India Company alone had 12 Ships of 400 Tun and upwards each; amongd which the hrari;, of 10C0 Jun was look’d upon as an old Ship; and 66 JCtie p?etcnt State Parti fo was the HrBor of 800 Tun, which th Turk.] Merchants. And how little our Queen Elizabeth's time was, appears by t And how much the Stock of Money i firree King Jama's time encreafed, may i. by the Price of Lands, which were Jim Purchafe, and now at 18 or :o. Our Trade, notwithlhnding the trout Times, and of this War, is even at y We have a great Trade toTmhy, Italy, B thick, the Eajl and 1" jl-Indies. Our Pi Very conlidcrablc, if that of the HAm, more. The Red-Herrings at rarmoath, mji, Cod-tilh in f.tnr•jnm.Hmd and Ura advantageous branches. We Trade with almoit all the World, nough, (faith Sir William Petty) to dnv the Commercial World ; and we havea v ping ; they that compute the Calh, as Si at 60000001. come doubtlefs very Ihori when he computes the Shipping of Engfa I am perfwaded he doth not exceed. We daily get Artificers from the Frau menr of divers Manufactures. Wi of keeping the Red-Herring Trade to 01 bart II- 69

latent

O F ENGLAND

Part II.

GOVERNMENT.

CHAP. I.

Of the Government of England in general. OF Government there can be but Three kind;; for either One, or More, or All, mud have the Sove¬ reign Power of a Nation. If 0ne, then it is a Monarchy ; if More, then it is an Afiembly ot all the mod choice Perfons, an Ariftocracy ; or of a few, an Oh- Z

PartII. Of ENGLAND. 71 run obtaining anciently the Dominion of this Land by force of Arms, and afterwards abandoning the fame, the Right by the Law of Nations returned to their former Owners, mdireliSo, as Civilian: fpeak.) It is a Monarch} free from all manner of Subjeffion totne Jiilhop of Rome, and thereby from divers inconveniencies and burdens, under which the Neighbouring Kingdoms groan ; as, appeals to Rome ft; fimiry Ecckfi.aftical Saits, Pn~ %iftns, Dirpdijatiew, Confirmations, Balls, See. on feveral Caufes to be procured from thence; many Tributes and Taxis paid to that Biihop, &c. It is a Monarchy free from all Interregnum, and with ic from many Mifchicfs whereunto Ele&ive Kingdoms are England is fuch a Monarchy, as that, by the neceflary fubordinate Concurrence of the Lords and Commons in the making and repealing all Statutes or Afts of Parliament, it hath the main advantages of an Aripcracy, and of a Democracy, and yet free from the Dil'advanrages and L/ils It is fuch a Monarchy as by mod admirable Tempera¬ ment affords very much to the Indujlry, Liberty and Happinefs of the Subjeft, and referves enough for the Majefty and Prerogative of any King that will own his People as Sub- fcSs/not as Slaves. It is a Monarchy, that without Interruption hath been continued almoft 1000 Yeats fand till of late) wjtlioue any attempt of Change of the Government; In that to tliis fort of Government the Englijh feem to be naturally

CIIAP.

74 elw pine,it aiiue Part that they have made it High Treafon only to imagine or rend the Death of the King. And becaufe by imagani or confuting the Death of the King’s Counfellors, or C Officers of . his Houihold, the Deftruftion of the Kingl thereby fometimes enfued, and is ui'ually aimed at, (C Stat. 3. H. 7) that alfo was made Felony, to be punil with Death, although in all other Capital Cafes, the R is, Vehmtas mn tkiiabimr puf/ifo-, and an Englifti-mm i not in other Cafes be punifhed with Death, unlefs Aft fellow the Intent. The Law of England hath fo high Edeom of the Kii Perfon, that to offend againft thofe Ferfons, and thofethi that reprefent his Sacred Perfon, as to kill fome oftheCro Officers, or to kill any of the King’s Judges, executing ti Office, or to counterfeit the King’s Seals, or his Mor is made High Treafon; becaufe by allthefe the King s Pc is reprefented : and High Treafon is ih the Eye of the L fo horrid, that befides lofs of Life and Honour, Real Perfonal Efate of the Criminal, his Heirs alfo are to the fame for ever, and to be ranked amongft the Pealai and Ignoble, till the King Stall pleafe by Aft of ilament to rettore them. Eft rnim turn grave crimen (1 Hr.-.Soli) tit vix permit at nr hxrtdihut ejmd vivant, High T fon is fo grievous a Crime, that the Law not content r ihe Life, and £ftate,and HonoSr ofthe Criminal, can ha endure ro fee his Heirs furvive him. And rather than Treafon againft the King’s Perfon : gounpuniflied, the Innocent in fome Cafes mail be pur ed: For if an Ideot of Lnnatick (who cannot be laid to I any Will, and fo cannot offend) during his Ideocy or nacy, {hall kill, or go about to kill the King,, he dial y.unilhed as a Trayror ; and yer being Km compel me the Law holds that he cannot commit Felony or P- Treafon, nor other forts of High Treafon. PartII. iff ENGLAND. . 7y He is Pater Psuria, Farher of his Country: And To precious is the Perfin and Life of the Krug, that every Stib- jeft is obliged and bound by his Allegiance, to defend His Pi,jin ill His Mutesrssl as well as Politick Capacity, with Ids own Left and Limit-, wherefore :he Law Thai ir.e life and Member of every Subjcft, is at die Service of the ©ffice.J The Office of riic King of England, in the Laws of King Edward the Cimfeffir, is thus dcfcribed, Jit;; pea Vicariees festemi Riff's eft, ,d he cenfiitesitur eet R.g,Icr.- mm & populism Domini, & j,,ptr mx;a jmeir.ns r.cdetiim tp; nssmetr.r, reg.it, & eeb iujeeriojit defend?.: e And (ac:r::;i;ig to the Learned Rrtcfieie) it is, Petgitare kltapopeelifei, &mrjlef- fine jisdicsire, to fight die Battles of Ids People, and to f.s Right and Jufticc done unto them. Or more particular (as is promiled at the Coronation) to preferre die Rights and Priviieces of the Chuich and Clergj', the Rerpal Prerogative; belonging to the Crown, the Laws and Cuftoms of the Realm, to do Juflice, love Alercy, keep Peace and Unity,tffic. SupjEmacp and ^DilErrigllt)’,] Whatfocver things are proper to Supreme Mr.gifir.itcs, as Creme, Sceptres, Peerpil Pete, CeUm Globe and Mfy UsseJiels,have as long appertained to the King of England, as to any other Prince in Europe ; he hold¬ all not his Kingdom in pajfahge, nor received! his Inve- fiure or Inihhnent from another : Ackncwledgetli no Su¬ periority to any but Cod only. Not to the Lm.i/eroiir; for toll Of ENGLAND. By his Royal Prerogative he may of his

nd Pmijhments, either by pardoning the Offence, or by al- eviating or remitting the Punifhment. By his Letters Patent, may ereft new Counties, Umverf- ies, Cities, Boroughs, Colleges, Hofpilah, Schools, Fairs, Markets, iturts»/ 7ufiice, Forefls, Chaces, Free-lVarrens, &C. The King, by his Prerogative, hatli power to enfranchife ib Alien, and make him a Denison, whereby he is enabled :o purchafe Houfes and Lands, and to bear fome Offices. Hath power to grant Letters of Mart or Reprifal, to grant iafe Conduits, &c. The King,by his Prerogative,hath had at all times the right it Purveyance, or Pre-emption of all forts of Viftuals near the Court, and to take Horjcs, Carts, Boats, Ships for his Carria¬ ges, at reafonable Rates; alfo by Proclamation to fet refonable Rates and Prices upon .Flejh, Fiji, Fowl, Oats, Hay, Sec. which his Majeffy King Charles II. was pleated :o releafe, and in lieu thereof to accept of fome othei Recompence. Debts due to the King are in the firft place to be fatisfieJ, in cafe of Esecutorjhip ,and Mmimfiraterjhip ; and until the Ring’s Debt be fatisfied, he may protetl the Debtor from :he Arreft of other Creditors. May diflrein for the whole Debt upon one Tenant, that lioldeth not tile whole Land; may require theAncejlor s Debt of the Heir, though not efpecially bound; is nor ob¬ lig’d to demand his Rent as others are; mayfue in what Court he pleafe, and diflrein where he lift. No Proclamation can be made but by the King.

So jpepjeftnt S>£ate iJat the Three and Twentieth-Year of King EJaard the it was alledged in a Pleading, and allowed. The hath power to call a National or Provincial Synod; with the Advice and Confent thereof, to make C Orders, Ordinance;, and Conftitntions ; introduce intc Church what Ceremonies fhall be thought ht; Reform Correft all Hercftes, Schifm, punilh Cmtanfts, 8cc. therein and thereby to declare what Doannes in the Cl are fit to be publilhed or profelfed ; what Trmjiatan < Bible to be allowed.

Suje indent state rare E [-Nations. What his Strength hath been finer fully tryed in the four laft Reigns: but now.tk ments of all the Three Kingdoms feem to vii li moff readily comply with their Sovereign’s Dt ieligns, all Europe begins to be lenlible how gr«: of this Monarchy is. And let him be cooii. raftly as King only of England, which is like i refs, or garrifoned Town, fenced, not only will orks, her Port-Towns with a wide and deep Ditch ut guarded alfo with excellent Out-works, tfc :nd bell built Ships of Warinthe World ; thenii y furnilhed within with Men and Horfes, will and Ammunition, with Clothes and Money, tha Potentates of Europe Ihould confpire (which God ey could lurdly dilirefs it, provided it be at Unit;

World. And that form iicient Money for a compi a ^Land-Tax, and for ah ixceis or Luxury, Wanton, on of Manners. uttliQ ShippingofEngland ndred thoufand Tun, all which, with Forty thoufand it and skilful Mariners, are wholly at the King’s Sendee en lie fliall think fit, for the fafety of his Crown and minions to require, or if need be, Imprefs ’em. n a word, when they fhall conlider, that by the moil com- dious and advantageous Situation of £oj/W, rhe King reof (if lie be not wanting to himl'clf, or his S'ubjefts ating to him ) mud be Mailer of the Sea ; and that in Land, whofoever is Mailer of the field is alfo faid be Mailer of every Town when it (hall pleafe him ; fo that is Mailer of the Sea, may be faid, in lome fort,to Mailer of every Country, at lead bordering upon rhe i; for he is at liberty to begin or end a War, where, ien, and upon what Terms he pleafeth, and to extend his 86 EIjC pjcfcnt 0tate Parc II Grnndeu.to be parallell’d perhaps by any King in the whole World. The certain Revenue: of the King of England, were anci: cntly greater than qf any ICing in Etr.tfe, they enjoying -in Domains and Fee-Farm Re::;:, almoft enough to dilcharge all the ordinary Lxpences of the Crown, without any Tax ct Impoft upon the Subjcpt. Upon the happy Rcitauration of King Charles the Second the Lords and Commons alil-mlled in Parliament, finding theCvown-Reventtes much alienated,and the Crown-Cliargsi exceedingly ep.creafed, by reafon of the late vail Augnien- ration cf the Revenues and Strength by Sea and Land, of our two next Neighbour-Nations abroad, and of the many factions, mutinous and rebellious Spirits at home, did u- nanirnmifly conclude, That for the Peace and Security, for the Wealth andHonour of the King and Kingdom, it would lecefiary to fettle upon his Aiajefly a yearly Revcnueof Twelve Hundred thoufand Pounds; and rordingl) the King’s Conlent, at tin Rc.iueft of the Lords and Commons, there was Hied by Ini pods, uponim- ported and exported Good; n honors drank in'England, ::!■ b’rpchjiis prefent Ala-

and fifty Millions r f Livers: that is above Lit Pounds St,rung, a fourth parr cf the who! Fear.ee. And the public!; Revenue of the Uni coming all out of the Subjcfts Purlcs, are n lions of Pounds St.riLg. The ordinary charge of the Government rene and profound Peace, is eftimated at Six fand Pounds per/inn. beudes extraoidinary l rite Crown of England at prefent is as litrl pel haps any Stare of fo great a conlmeratici the gteateft Debt upon it, is that which Kim cond contraSed, by fhurting up the Excbeasu Credit of that Rank hath folhimd great dam hundreds of Families been aimott undone ;

88 ffilie 19icfcnt State PartII, After the Conqueft, the King’s of England bare Two in. t.vds, born tird by the Conqueror, as Duke of NormrAj, till the time of Henry the .Second, who ill right of hij Mc-her, annext her "Paternal Cent, the Lim of Aftilsij,

X. Or, Cn.-.n.M ,:S the lormer, and an tb.c-YArgon <•■= with a C«.V„, thereto a CL,in affixt, parting between hisIWlegs, and teller:’d over his Back,Or; bc.th (hml- i;igi:jn;n a CcKpjrmnm placed underneath, and in the Ta¬ ble of the C u,:y.„-tm:n liis M.i jelly’s Koval Motto, DL:, & i :,e ,ni;:;jorr.:rs rued berore tne llllion of Eng'.v;d and The partII. of ENGLAND. 89 The Arms of France plac’d firll, for that France is the greater Kingdom ; and becaufe from the firlt bearing, thofc flowers have been always Jinfigns of a Kingdom ; whereas the Arms of England were originally of Dukedoms, as a- Jbrel'aid, and probably becaufe thereby the French might be the more eafily induc’d to acknowledge the Englijh Title, i The Motto upon the Carter, Honi foit qui mal y penfe; that is, Shame be to him that evil thereof tliinkith, was firlt 1 by King Edward the Third, the Founder of that Or- and that none might believe his Defign therein was tther than Juft and Honourable, he caufed thofe Words e wrought in every Garter that he bellowed: Whereof in the Chapter of the Knights of the Garter. 1re Motto Dial & nicn Droit, that is, God and my Right, Ml given by Richard the Firlt, to intimate, that the of England holdetli his Empire not in Vaflallage of Mortal Man, but of God only ; and afterward taken : Edward the Third, when he firlt claimed the King- of France. This Motto hath been continued till the ag in of King William the Third, now Reigning; always ufed this following Motto, Jc maintiendray, I maintain ; and hath commanded, that it lhall henceforth ced fometimes in rile place of the former Motto ; yet his former Motto lhall be ufed in the Broad Seal, and here. The Device of a Portcullis of a Caftle, yet to en in many places, was the Badge or Cognizance of Itaufort's, Sons of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancafer, fethey wereboin at his Caftle of Beaufort in France. I The White Rofcwos the ancient bearing of the Houfe of pf, and the Red Rofe that of Lancafer. The Thijtk belongs to Scotland.

CHAP. III. If SttcceJJton to the Crown of England, and of the King’s Minority, Incapacity, and Abjence.

"THE King of England hath Right to the Crown by In- J hcritance, and rile Laws and Cufroms of F gland. Upon the Death of the King, the next of Ki.. 'red, born f Parents in lawful Wedlock, though born it of the iirs have required ; fometimes he hath dm, or Lord. Keeper of the Kingdom :h had the general Power of a King, as g the Alifence of Edward the Firlf, Se ] of Henry the^Fifth : hut Henry the Si IfLrdtu or Guardian, added tiie Title t iLtdoni, and of the Church of England, :ar Power in his Abfence, that he w aying the Sceptre, but not wearing th they became as binding as any other A Sometimes during the King’s Abfence, :n committed to the Care offeveralNol les ofllilhojis, as lefs dangerous for attci rion of the Crown; fometimes to one chtiihop of Canterbury, was Ficc-Rcy of irs; and when Edward the Third was ii Soil then but Nine Years old, had the '.it Stratford, Archbifliop of Canterbury th of the King’s Son, and of the Reali : Firth, during his Abfence (which wa fourYears together) ufuallycondituted hop of Salisbury; foie Governour of th silently qualified for Government. Lillly, fometimes the Queen, as twic ice of Henry tile iitghtll in France. Inrapacitp.] If the King of SigWbt

King Edward tile TIf rd being at lad 'ealr, and by Grief, for the Death of te broken inBody and Mind, did of his i fourth Son. 'John Dulie of Lancaster, Relent State Pai

CHAP. IV.

Of the prefent King of England; and therein Oj Birth, Name, Surname, Genealogy, Arms, Education, Marriage, Exploits, and AcceJJt the Crown of England. TH E King of England now Reigning, is WILL the Third of that Name, born at the Hague, tl ofNrvemhr, 1650. Nine Days after his Father’s Dead baptized by the Name of William Henry, had forGod-f the Lards States General of Halland and Zealand, and the of the Cities of Delft, Leyden, and Amfierdam. His prefent Majedy is the only Off-fpring of li Prince of Naffait and of Orange, tvhofe Father was Fr, Henry, Prince of Orange, who was younger Brotl ■Prince Maurice, and Son to that moll Excellent W Prince of Orange, that laid the Foundation of the moll fant Commonwealth of the United Netherlands, and was of that moll Ancient and mod Illullrious Houfe of in Germany, which hath laded near One Thoufand ' and hath been grac’d with the Imperial Dignity , i Perfon of Adolf has of NaJJdtt, Emperour of Germany hundred Years ago. His prefent Majefly is alfo the only Off-fpring 1 Royal Princefs Mary, Elded Daughter to Charles the of that Name, King of Great-Eritain, and Henrietta 1 Daughter of King Henry the Great of France ; front ■ Royal Stock he hath in his Veins fonte of all the Blood of Ev.rtfc, and is by his Mother Lineally d,j from the Bntijb, Saxm, Danijh, Norman, and Scotijb and Princes of this IJiand. From the iird Britijh Ki prefent Majedy is reckoned the 141R. from the Scot 111th. from the Saxon the 48tk and from the h'rd Norman Line the sStb. So that for Royal Extraflio long Line of Defcent, his Majedy now Reigning ex the Monarchs of all the Chrillian. if not of all the

$6 STIjc ^jcftnt Strife Part II, This was decreed February 12. And the very fame Day the Princefsof Orange came from Holland, and landed at Whit* hall; at the Gates whereof the next Day, being the 13tb. of February, the Prince and Princefs of Orange were folemnly Proclaimed King and Queen of England, France and /re- land, &c. ——-Uitrofe purpura fupplcx Oltulit, &c.—-. ' Upon the 11 th. of 4>ri7 following, their Majefties were, with all the wonted Ceremonies, Crowned rtWejhmnfttr. Since that, Scotland in a Convention of the Three Ertatei, and Ireland in a full Parliament, have made an ample Recogni¬ tion of their Majefties Titles to thofe Kingdoms, and they were thereupon fully inverted with the ancient Dignity and Stile of their Predeceflors, viz. King and lHueen of Great Britain, France and Ireland, &rc. ' The Refolution and Bravery in Arms that his Majerty hath fince Ihew’d, the Difficulties and Dangers he hath gone through, the fignal Vittorios and Deliverances he hath ob¬ tained, and the providential and amazing Succertes by Sea and Land, both at home and abroad, he hath met with, are well known to all the Chrirtian World; arid will doulit- lefs fliine out in the brighteft Paragraphs of Modern Hi- ftory. f lis Majerty’s Character is fo univerfally known, not only in England and Holland, but in all the Courts of Eu¬ rope, thatasthe Writing of it might appear a NeeJIeis Un¬ dertaking to thofe that are already well acquainted with it: fo to others, if it were done with the true Faith of an Hi- ftorian, it might perhaps look more like a Pauegyrick rlian a Relation; and being withal confcious of my own Weakneis, I fhall content my felf with faying, That he is the true Inheritor of that Mighty and Heroic!: Genius which iiarh rendred his Family in all Ages, and himfelf moft of all, the Envy and Terror of all Tyranny. His Majefty’s Titles are (betides all thofe of his Prcdecef- fors, Kings of England, all, and more than any of his An- cejlors, Princes of Orange enjoyed; viz. William Henry, by the Grace of God, Prince of 0range and of Naffatt, Earl of Catze- ncSdiogcn, Mandat, Dietz, Lingen, Muirs, Bityrcn, Leerdam, icc. Marquils of Dir Mn, and of Flujbing , Lord and Bar

Etije Relent state Jfart l: Millions and Rights belonging to the Crown, bi hniniftration and Execution thereof was lodged foil he King, according to a Sanflion of the aforel'aid Cor in; but in the King’s abfence out of England,by an A' [anient afterwards made,the Queen had folely the fan; ng it always at the King’s departure, and religning it, give fuch an Account and Chartcler of her Majet :"deferved, would take up a Volume, and be unfuit all other Accounts given in this, final! Treatife; y r Majefty’s Honour.and fome fatisfaftion to her iivir Its, fome few of her moll eminent and Rare Qualific ind Endowments lhall here he briefly noted, f, for her Difpofition and Temper of Mind : SI Lliiiblc and Courteous, of a Quiet and Meek Spirit, Gracious Sovereign to her Subjefls, a very Obligii to her Husband , and an excellent Miftrefs to h • Majefty’s Stature was Tall, her Mien Majeftick ai ful, her Countenance and Aur Serene and Pleaftng, b res Beautiful, her Complexion Ruddy, r IntelleSuals and Abilities of Mind both Natural ai red, were Tranfcendent, having always taken mu it, and (pent much of her time in reading the b , and hearing Difcourfes of divers Learned Men. E in Languages, especially in the Trench and D:i: ues, her acurate Knowledge in all forts of Need! :s (whereirvalmoft every day her Majefty employ her Ladies and Maids of Honour.) a PartII. of ENGLAND. 99 ever parallelled by any Queen : Her Majefly having been bred up in the Religion of rhe Church of England, ellablilht by Law, flic had always profefs’d it both at home and a- broad, feldom or never miffing Prayers, Sacraments, or Ser¬ mons, during all the time of almofl Eleven years abode in Holland: Her Concern for Religion, and her Zeal was fuch, that file could not forbear to reprove thofc who mil- behaved themfelves therein. Her Devotion was without any kind of Affefhtion, Ihe coveting rather to ,be good, ana to make others fo, than to be prais’d for either, having always had an Averlion to Flattery. All thefe Venues and Accomplilhmentsmade her tile Dar¬ ling and Delight of that Country which enjoyed her folong. Never any Princefs more affeftionately beloved, refpefted and honoured, whilft (he redded in Holland, or more uni- verlally bewailed and lamented when lhe was obliged to leave them.

Of tie Queen of England when (he is Confort only, not Regent. TH E Queen is called from the Saxm Ko, or Cuningiit, whereof the laft Syllable is pronounced by Foreigners, as Gheen in Enghjh, it being not unufual to cut off the foil Syllables; as an AIms-Houfe is fometimes called a Spital, from Hofpi'tal, and Sander from Alexander. t She hath as high Prerogatives, Dignity, and State, du* ring the Life of the King, as any Queen in Europe. . wrogatibf J From the Saxon times the Queen Con- ! fort of England, though lhe be an Alien born, and tho’ during the Life of the'King, lhe be Fans Covert, fas our ! haw fpeaksj yet without any Ait of Parliament for Natu- ralization, or Letters Pateilts for Denization, lhe may pur- | chafe Lands in Fce-jitnple, make Leafes and Grants in her own I Name, without the King ; hath power to Give, to Sue, to | Cmtr.18, as a Feme-Sole, may receive by Gift from her Hus- : wnd, which no other Feme Covert may do. ihe may Prejent by her felf, to a Spiritual Benefice; and in 3 fytart Impaiir, brought by her, Pfaiarty by the Frefen-

Part II. of ENGLAND.

it Queen Dmv.-.ger of England.

1) i r Kingdom, was Daughter of Dir. Ju.vi, the Fourth Name, King of Ported, defeended from our E,M, of G*m', Duke rf Uwfjt, and King of c,SH, “ar Fourth Son ofErW the Third, King of &;.W, Ztal.™, Daughter of Z)«< tern.™ d B:, m a i Dub of.W.*r &Vw,V, who vas lineally Jefcende.

V, Bdeft Daughter andHairof Jdl.fi the S{

t in forge ; for a third parte ! of him ill VaiT.Fage. She t

I«;r, was dethroned and he ,t Pnfoner in P. for.,a time, from whence lie was lint to the Tcru v.i'.ere he was under confinement for certain year, brought hack and kept in the Palace of citr.. teai Miles (Van Lido.,, where he died in the t His Profiler, the Prince Dc„ pittn, born in the' Prince Regent of Pc.-t::V Brother’s Wife, af.er her Daughter iidng. jit IPjerettt State She having been moft carefully ai by her Mother, and at the age of a 2 PartII. of ENGLAND. xo; Queen C ATHARlftE is a Pefon of rare Petfeflions of Mind and Body, of great Piety, Modefty, and many other eminent Vertues.

CHAP. VIII. Of the Sons awl Daughters of England. TH E Children of the King of England, are called the Sms and Daughters of England, becaufe all theSubjefts of England have a l'pecial Intereft in them. eiOtft £on.] The Eldejt Sm of the King was called in the Saxon times, Clito, auaji KEoI©-, iUujlris ; thofe People mating the mod of that little Greek they had : And fo Jikewiie Mtkeling or Athelitg, a Patronymick of Athil Null- lis. As Eadgring was the Son of Eadgar, fo Ashling the Son of a Noble, was afterwards tiled only for the King’s Eldctl Sm, rjl'ligts^Uu. He is born Duke of Consstsal, and, as to that Dutchy, and all the Lands, Honours, Rents, and great Revenues belonging thereunto, he is upon his Birth-day prefumed, and by Law taken to be of full Age: fo that he may that day fue for the Livery of the laid Dukedom, and ought of Right to obtain the lame, as if lie- had been filll 21 years of Age. Afterwards he is created Prince of Wales, whofe Investiture is performed by the Im- pofition of a Cal °f Stale. and Coronet on his Head, as a Token of Principality, and putting into his Hand a Verge of Cold, the Emblem of Government, and a Ring of Gold on his Finger, to intimate, that he muft be a Husband to Ids Country, and Father to her Children. Alfo to him is given and granted Letters Patents, to hold the faid Principality, to him and his Heirs, Kings of England, by which Words, the leparation of this Principality is for ever avoided : His Mantle which he wears in Parliament, is once mors doubled, or hath one Guard more than a Duke's; his Co¬ ronet is of Crojfet and Tlmer-dc-luas, and his Cap of Stato Indented. Since the happy Reiteration of King Ch.-rles the Second, it was folemnly ordered, That the Son and Heir apparent of the Crown of England, ihall ufe and bear his Coroner of flrtjj'es and Ehrocr-dc-lucts, with one Arch, and in the inidft

106 SCIje gjefeuc State Party. They hav* no certain Appanages, as in Frame, but only what the good pleafureof the King bellows upon them. All the 'King’s Sons are Cmftliarii nati, by Birth-right ComfteUors oft State, that fo they may grow up in the weigh- ty Affairs in the Kingdom. The Daughters of England are (tiled Princefes, the Eldeft of which had an Aid, or certain Rate of Money paid by every Tenant in Capite, Knights-Ssrvicc, and Soccage, towards her Deary or Marriage-Portion ; and to violate her unmar¬ ried, is High-Treafon at this Day. To all the King’s Children belong the Title of Royal Higknejs;. all Subjefts are to be uncovered in their prefence, to heel when they are admitted to kils their Hands, and, at Table, they are (out of the King’s prefence,) ferved on the Knee. The Children, the Brothers and Sifters of the King, being Plaintiffs, the Summons in the Procefs need not have the Solemnity of fifteen days, as in Cafe of other Subjefts. All the King’s Sons, Grandftons, Brothers, Uncles, and lit. phenes of theKing, are by Stat. 3. Hen. 8. to precede others in England. It is true, the Word Grandfton is not there in terminis, but is underftood (as Sir Edvard Cook holds! by Nephete, which in Latin being Nepos, fignilies alfo, and chief¬ ly, 1 Grandftm. The Natural, or Illegitimate Sons and Daughters of the King, after they are acknowledged by the King, have had here fometimes by Courtefie, as in France, precedence of all the Nobles, under thofe of the Blood-Royal. They bear what Surname the King plealeth to give them, and for Arms, the Arms of England, with a Baftan, or a £,?- dcr Gohioime, or fome other mark of legitimation.

CHAP. partII. of ENGLAND. 107

CHAP. IX.

Of the flrefent Princes and Princeffes of the Bloody andfrfi if her Royal Highnefs thePrinceJs ANNE of Denmark. THE next Heir to the Crown of England is the PrinceU Anne, fecond Daughter to the late King "joints, and only Site to the late Mary, Queen Regent and Confort to his pre- fent Majefty of England; was born the 6th. of February ,664. whole Godfather was Gilbert late Lord Archbilhop of Canterbury, and her Godmothers were the young Lady Mary, her Sifter late Queen of England, and the Dutchcis of Monmouth. She had her Education together with her Rnval Sifter- under the Government of the Honourable Lady Frances ViUiers, Daughter to the Earl of Suffolk, and Mo¬ ther to the prefent Earl of Jerfey. Their Chaplains and Tu- tours were the Reverend Doftor Doughty and Doftor Lake, under the Direftion and Superintendance of my Lord Bi- ftiop of London, In the Year 1683, after a Treaty between Englandzni Denmark, flje wasdiipofed of by the Care of her Uncle King Charles II. (who was fo tender of the Peace of Great Britain, as to Match both his Nieces to Protcfant Princes) in Mar¬ riage to his Royal Highnefs George, Prince of Denmark, on the 28th. of July, being Sc. Anne's Day ; by whom her Royal Highnefs hath had divers Children, the Lady Mary, the Lady Armt, the Duke of Glocejtcr, another Lady Mary, and a Son Named George, &c. of which there is only living his Highnefs William Duke of Gbajl-r. The Princefs, is a Lady, whofe Perfcftions Natural and Acquired, are equal to her High Birth : She is of juft Height and Proportions, Decorous in Mien, Noble in Afpeft, Fine and Tender in Complexion, and withal bright and healthful. She is quick of Apprehenfton, mild in Dif

II. of E N G L A N D. nrf.inr and ><##,a Rev’enue hi that Counti tulirice as much in- Bt.pnd. H's Royal Hi iuc here is Fifty thoufind pounds per annum ng ; lo that the whole amounts yearly to fee George hath four Sillers, the firft married ' the Third, late Prince Eleftor of Saxtmf. Tli hripern Milfh, Duke of Hatpin Smdtrhurf to the Prince £Utfar Pit!Mint of tire Rbint, 1. 1 without IlPuc ; and the fourth to the late «, Chirks the Elefenth.

Of the Duke of Glocefter.

iis Highnefs William Duke of Gkctpr, onl [ their Royal Highnelfes, was born at Hamf zath of 1689. His Godfathers were his ig William and the Earl of Doric.*, Lord Chan;': King’s Houflrold ; and' his Godmother Gu /n rnefs of Halifax. His Highnefs is a Child pe and pleafing Features : is very imjuifitive r..henfr.-c;-. hath an apt Memory, a quick inv< wonderful Plenty of Words, a becoming ilriskncfs, a gra¬ cious Inclination to good things, and whatever Excellency of Parts can render a Child the Ohjed of three Kingdoms hopes.' His Governefs is the Right Honourable Barbara, Vi'fccunrefs Titdiarding, Daughter of the aforementioned Lpdy Franca ViHhrs,

Of the Trl fs Hen THE next Heir (after the aforementioned) to the E»- glijh Crosvn was the Princcfs Henrietta, ycungeft Sifter to the late King of England. She was bornthe tCth. of Jim:, ifi.44. at Extur, during the Heat of the late Rebellion; after the Surrender cf £w- nr conveved to Oxftrd ; and thence r 6r/s. to Leaden ; whence, with her Governals, theLady DaHtsilh, hie clcapeii into Ham ; was there educated,as became her high L’irtii and no iOje patent State Partll Quality ; hut being left wholly to the Care and Maintt- nance of the Queen her Mother, at Paris, embraced tit tf-rnip neugron. ., , „ At the Age of 16 Years, Ihe came with the Queen-Mo¬ ther into England, and fix Months after returning into was married to the only Brother ofthe French King, the Iliu-1 ftrous Prince Philip, then Duke of Anjou, till the Death of his Uncle, and now Duke of Orleans, whofe Revenue is i iooooo Livers Touruois, befides his appanage not yet fetledj This Princefs leftlflue two Daughters. She was ufually {filed Madam only, as being the firft Lady in France. She died fuddenly in June 1670. The Elded Siller is called Madamifede only, or fans qutv;, just 'ogoyjui, becaufe (he is'the firll Gentlewoman of frame: She was in December i6yo. married to Charles the Second of that Name, King of Spain, and died without Mire. The Younger Sifter is called Madamoifellc deFalois; mar¬ ried to the Duke of Savoy. The next Heir of the Crown of England, is the Princefs Lovifa, only Daughter of Charles Lodcmick, Prince Palatine of the Rhine, born in May 1652. and afterwards married to the prefent Duke of Orleans, only Brother to the French King now reigning, by whom her Royal Highriefs hath divers Children, whereof the Eldeft is Duke of Chartres. The next Heirs to the Crown of England after the IfTtli of the Dutchefs of Orleans, were three French Ladies, Daugh¬ ters of Prince Edmard lately decealed, who was a younger Son of the Queen of Bohemia, whofe Widow, the Princefs Dowager, Mother to the laid three Ladies, is Sifter to the late Queen of Poland, Daughter, and Co-Heir to the daft Duke of Hovers in Prance; amongft which Three Daugh¬ ters, there was a Revenue of about 120001. Sterling a Year. The Eldeft of rhefe was married to the Duke d’Engaien, now Prince of Conde. The other two Daughters died with¬ out Ifliie. Laft of all is the Princefi Sophia, youngeft Daughter to the Queen of Bohemia, born at the Hague, t3 OSob. 1630. and in r5j8. wedded to Ernefl Augnfle, Duke of BrunfvtA and Lunenburg, Bifliop of Ofnabttrg, late Duke of Hanover, and Prince Eleftor of Brmjmch, by whom flie had fix Sons and one Daughter. The Eldeft Son, named Gebi-ge Lodomick, in the Year 1682. married the Lady Sophia, the Daughter of the Eleftor of Brandenburg. The only Daughter of the PartII. of E N G L A N D. in Princefs Palatine Sophia, wasmarcied to the Eleftoral Prince of Brandenburg. The faid Princefi Palatine Sophia, is laid to be a Perfon of the bell Addtefs, and moll accomplilh’d Lady in Europe. So that of the Blood-Royal of the Crown of England, li¬ neally defended from King James the Firll, and King Charles the Firll, there are (to to the Joy of all loyal Evglijb Men) above Twenty Princes and Princefles now living in feveral parts of Europe.

Of Ecclcfiafiicd Government. THE Government of England is Ecdefiajlical, Civil and Military; of which three Articles, I lhall, for Methods lake, fpeak feparately and diftinftly, although in all refpefts the Government is harmonioufly united and indifrvible un¬ der one Head, who is Supreme in all Caufes. Asfoonas the Chrillian Faith was, by Authority receiv’d into England, one of the Clergy was in every City, and in fome great Towns Ordained a EHhop, who hath (to a- void Confulion, which ufually fprings from Equality) a Pre¬ eminence over the rell of the Clergy within certain Pre- dulls. Afterwards the Bilhops being necedltated to meet about public!; Affairs of the Church at Confecraticns, Confutati¬ ons, for remedy of general Diforders, for Audiences Judi¬ cial, when the Aftion of any Biflrop Ihould be called in Quellion, or Appeals from Bilhops, &c. itfeenied require to our Ancellors (according to other Chrillian Churches ever lince the firll Menu Council) to have, amongll a certain Number of Bilhops, one to be the Chief in Authority o- ver the reft, from thence named yirehiepifeopus, Arch or. Chief Eilliop, whereof we have Two in England, called ' Metropolitans or Arthbijhops ' the one of Canterbury, the other of York ; have, befides their peculiar Diocefi, a Prove: milling i feveral Dioceffes, and by Grants of feve have each one certain Ptivileg;:, Liberties an their own States. ni EETjC pjcfcnt §>!afe Part II. Under thefe two Archbilhops are 14. Biflropricks, whereof II are reckoned in the 1’rovince of Canterbury, and 3 in the Province of Tork, all which have the Title of Lords , by rea- fen of their Baronies annexed to their lhilioprlcks, and have Precedence to all other Barons, both in Parliament and in other Allemblies; amongft thefe prefides always the Bilhop of London j who, by ancient Bight is accounted Dean of the Epifcopal College of that Province, and by virtue thereof, is to fignifia the pleasure of his Metropolitan to all the Bilhops of the Province, to execute his Mandate, to difperfe his Miflives on all Emergency of Affairs, to prefide in Convocations ofProvincial Synods, ire. during the neceflary Abfence of the Metropolitan. Next to London, in Parliament,precedes Durham, and then Wimhejler ; all the rert of the Bilhops take place according to the Seniority of their Confecrations. The Funftion of an Englifn Bilhop conflflsin what he may aft, either by his Epifcopal Order, or by his Epifcopal Jttri]- diSim. By his Epifcopal Order he may Ordain Deacons and Priefsy lie may Dedicate Churches and Enrying-places; may admini- fler the Rites and Ceremonies of Confirmation ; without whom none of thefe may be done. Thejurifdiftionof a Bilhop is either Ordinary or Del-ra¬ ted ; his Ordinary Jurifdiiiiin is what by the Law of the Land belongs to each llifhcp in iiis own Diocefs; the De¬ legated is what the Kingis pleafed to confer upon him, not as a Bilhop, but as he is a Subjeft, and a conflderable Mem¬ ber of the Kingdom. Inrhe Ordinary 'jv.rijdieiisn of a Bilhop, as a Bilhop, may be confidared either the Jtirifdiftion it felf, or what is infla¬ ted in him by the Law of the Land, for the better Execution of that Juriidiftion. The Jtirifdiftion it felf is Efrabllihed partly by Statute Laiv; as to Licenfe Ptyieiacs, Chirnrgccns and Schoslmaflers; to Unite and ConicJidate (mail Parilhes; to Aflifl: the Civil Msgiftrates in Execution of fome Statutes concerning Eccle- fiaflical Affairs ; to compel the payment of Tenths and Sdf- dies due from the Clergy to the King. Partly by Common Law, as upon the King’s Writ, tocer- tine the judges touching Legitimate and Illegitimate Births and Marriages.

ii4 fEIjc patent State Parti! and fometimes real by Degradation. Here note. That of A rhefe Cenfures, Emmmm:athn is never to be inflifted U Only for Contumacy; as when a Perfon being duly fummoaJ ed, will not appear, or appearing, will not obey the Oh ders of the Eifhop. | 2irc()bifl}Clp ] Before the coming of the Saxons into EiA land., the ChrifHan Bntaiut had three Arcbbijhps, viz. cfl London, Turk and CaerUon, an ancient great City of Wales, upon the River Uske (as before-mentioned) After¬ wards the Archiepifcopal See of London, was by the sj placed a: Canterbury, for the fake of Auflin the Mont] who firfl: preached the Gofpel there to the Heathen S.tmJ and was there buried. The other of CaerUon was tranflatell to St. Davids in Pcmbrokejbire, and afterwards fubjeftcil ■wholly to the Sec of Canterbury ; fmee which, all £kJ land and Wales reckon but Two Archbifhops, Cantirl-A Cantcrburpj CiraUm Cambrenfis writes, That the Atm bipxy of Canterbury anciently had Primacy as well over m Ireland as England, and the Irijb Bifhops received their Cod Iterations from him ; for Ireland had no other ArchbHtyl until the Year r 152 ; and therefore in the time of the two firfl: Hannan Kings it was declared, That Canterbury was th;| . Metropolitan Church of England, Scotland and Ireland, ad the Ides adjacent. He was therefore fometimes ftiled a Pdi iriareb, (and a Patriarch was a chief Bifhop over fevenj Kingdoms or Provinces, as an Arcbbijhop is of leveral Dhetm and had feveral Archbifhop-s under him ; was fometina Matters done and recorded in Ecclefiaflical Affairs, n* thus; Anno Pontificates nosin' prim, fecundo, &c. He wa I-gntns natits, that is, a perpetual Leganthie Power was annefl to that Archbifhoprici: m ar one thoufand Years ago; whtfiJ by no other Up ate, Xracio, or Ambajfadsr from the BiflioJ of Row: could here exercise any L-gantine Power, withod fpecial Licenfc fiom the King. . He was fo highly rdpe&J' abroid, that in Central Councils he was placed before all d ther Archbifhops, a: the Pope’s right Foot. He was t home fo highly honoured by the King of England, that ac¬ cording to the practice of God’s own People die Jen:, where A ay on was next in Dignity to Mofes, and according to the praflice of tnoft other Chriftian States, where the next in Dignity and Authority to the Sovereign, is ufwPy

ty, for Edifying of the Church, and due Revefence of the Sa- laments. He hath the Prerogative to confecrate a Bilhop (though itmuft be done in the prefence, and with the affiftance of :ivo other Biihops, as every Bilhop gives Ordination, but ideally with the aftiftance of Presbyters) to aflign Coadjti- iir; to infirm Biihops, to confirm the Election of Biihops within his Province ; to call Provincial Synods according to [lie King’s Writ always direfted to him; to be Moderator in the Synods or Convocations, to give his Suffrage there laft of all; to vifit the whole Province ; to appoint a Guar- Jinn of the Spirualitiet, during the vacancy of any Biihop- rick within his Province, whereby all the Epifcopal Rites of that Diocefs belong to him, all Ecdeiiaftical Jurifdiftions, as Vilirations, Inftitutions, &c. The Archbiihop may retain and qualifie eight Chaplains, which is two more than any Duke by Statute is allowed The Archbiihop of Canterbury hath moreover the Power to hold divers Courts of Judicature, for deciding of Diffe¬ rences in Ecdefiaftical Affairs, as his Court of Arches, his Court of Audience, his Prerogative Court, and his Court of Pcmliars; all which ihall be handled particularly. 718 ftlje pjetcnt matt Part' jjoik] The next Perfon in the Church of England the Archbifliop of Tori, who was anciently alio of very h repute in this Nation, and had under his Province, not i lydiversBifbopricks in the North of England, but all the Ihopricks of Scotland for a long time, until the year r

■thtmherhnd; may qualifie alfo eight Chapla thin his Province divers other of the foremei jatives and Privileges, which the Archbifliop PartII. Of ENGLAND. iiy the King’s Right Hand, not only to. give their Advice as Judges do, but ad traTfandum, ordinandum, (latuendims, defini- aim, See. They have the Title of Lord,,' and Right Rive- rad Fathers in God. All Bilhops in Ragland have one or two tranfeendent Pri¬ vileges, which feemalmoft Regal, as in their own Court to judge and pafs Sentence alone by themlelves, without any Colleague or Afl'eflor; which is not done in other of the King’s Courts ; for the Bilhop’s Courts (tho’ held by the King’s Authority, Plrtute hiagiflratus Jui, and though all Ju- rifdiftion in England is infeparably annexed to the Crown, yet) are not accounted to he properly the King’s Courts, and therefore the Bilhops fend out Writs in their own Names; Tip the Bilhop, and not in the King’s Name; as all the King’s Courts, properly fo called, do. Moreover, Bilhops have this other tranfeendent Privi- ! lege, to depute their Authority to another (as the King doth) either to their Bijbps Suffragans, to their Cb.mc.Hsrs, to their Cmmijfaries, or other Officers, which none of the lung’s Judges may do. All Bilhops have one Privilege above and beyond all Lay- Lords, viz. That in whatfoever Chriftian Prince’s Domini¬ ons they come, their Epilcopal Dignity and Degree is ac¬ knowledged : and they may, quatmus Bsjkopr; confer Or¬ ders, &c. Whereas no Lay-Baron, Vifcount, Marquifs, nor Duke, is in Law acknowledged fucli, out of the Dominions of the Prince who conferred thole Honours. The Laws and Cuftoms of England arc So tender of the Honour, Credit, Reputation, and Perfons of Bilhops, our Spiritual Fathers that none might (without ipecial Licenfe from the King firft obtained) he indifted of any Crime be¬ fore any Temporal Judge. Uponlevere Penalty by our Laws, no Man may raife Re¬ ports, whereby Scandal mayarife to thePerfonofany Bilhop, or Debate and Difcord between them, and the Commons of England. In Civil Tryals where any Bilhop is Phinti.Tor Defen¬ dant, the Bilhop may, as well as any Lay-Lord, challenge the Array, if one Knight at loft be not rnur.Vii of tire ’ ’ ’t lhall be allowed unto-him as a p.i.nege cu. to In Criminal Tryals fo to, and Stat. 25 Edst. 5. ous Men. And indeed needs be (fee all Men kry, who is acknoiv- Should be tryed by 2 partII. of ENGLAND. 121 from, or coming to the King'upon his Order; -o have cer¬ tain Tuns of Wine free from Imports, ire. The Perfons of Bifhops may not be feized upon Con¬ tempt (as the Perfons of Lay-Lords,) hut their Temporali¬ ties may only be leized. Every Bijhtp may by Statute-Law qualifie as many Chap¬ lains as a Duke, viz. Six. The Law of England attributeth fo very much to the Word of a Bijhp, that not only in the Tryal of Bajlardy, rhe Bilhps Certificate fhall fuffice, but alfo in the Trval of jETIie ISscfMit State Part II, itr tf the Garter, by flemry the Eighth ; though-foon after that Earldom was otherwife difpoled of. - After thefe aforenamed, all the other Bilhops take plate according to the Seniority of their Confecration, unlefs any Bifhop happen to be made Lord Chancellor, Treafurer, Pri¬ vy-Seal, or Secretary of State ; which anciently was very ufual, as reputed for their Piety, Learning, Angle Life, Di. ligence, &c. far more-fit for the Advantage and Service of the King and Kingdom, than any Lay-men: and in fucha Cafe, a Bilhop being Lord Chancellor, had place next to the Archbifhop of Canterbury, and above the Archbilhop of Tnrk\ and being a Secretary of State, had place next to the Bifhop of Winchefier. Next follow the Cmmms Spiritual, confifting of Sufiaim Bijbaps, Deans, jirchdcacms, Prebendaries, ReScrf and V to Whom alfo belong divers confiderable Privileges. For ealing the Bilhop of fome part of his Burthen, as the number of Chrijlians waxed great, or the Diocefs was large, rliere were ordained in the Primitive Times, Chriepif- cepi, Suffragans, os Subfuiiary Biffeps. Accordingly, in the E:Jg/i/h Church, of along time, there have been fuch or. dained by the name of Bijhtps Suffragans, or Titular Bijhips, who have the Name, Title, Stile, and Dignity of Bilhops, and (as other Bilhops) are confecrated by the Archbilhop of the Province, each one to execute fuch Power, Jurifdiftion, and Authority, and receive fuch Profits as are limited-in his Commiffion by the Bilhop or Diocefan, whofc Suffragan partII. ef ENGLAND. 12} to each Diocefs, as above-mentioned. In publick AlTemblie# they were to take place next after the Temporal Peers of the Realm. In the abfence of the Bilhops, imployei oft upon Embaflies abroad, or refiding at Court, to advife the King, thefe did ufually fiapply their places. A Snffriogan Bifbop u made, in cafe the Archbifop, or fome other Bifop, for the better Government ot his Diocefs defire the fame; and in fuch cafe, the Bilhop is to prefent two able Men for any one place aforenamed, whereof his Majefty chufeth one ; but we have none now in England of this land, unlefs the Bilhop of the IJle of Man may be reckon’d one. For fupply of able and fit Perfons to aflift Bilhops, or to make Bilhops, it feemed good to Reverend Antiquity, that in every Diocefs a certain number of tne more pru¬ dent and pious Pallors lhould be placed in a Collegiate manner, at every Cathedral, or Epifcopal See; where they might not only be ready to alfift the Bilhop in certain weighty Cafes, but alfo fit themfelves, by gaining Experience (and lofing by little and little their former Familiarity with the inferi- our Country Clergy) for Government and Authority ofthe Church. Accordingly in every Cathedral Church in Eng- lord, there are a certain number of Prebendaries, or Canons, and over them a Dean in Latin, Dccanus, from Atyjt,; be- caufe anciently fet over ten Canons at the leaft ; who is fometimes ftiled AIter Epifcopi Octtlus, (the other being the Archdeacon, who though a Presbyter himfelf is fo named, for his charge over the Deacons) who are to be guided and direfted by him under the Bilhop. Nose, That there are fome Deans in England, without any Jutifdiftion, only for Honour fo ftiled; as the Dean of the Qiappel-Royal, who at prefent is Dr. Henry Compton, Lord Bilhop of London: The Dean of Rippon, Dr. Wivel, and ill the Deans created by Hen. S. Moreover, fome Deans there are without any Chapter, yet enjoying certain Jurifdiftions; as the Dean of Croydcn, the Dean of Battle, the Dean of Booking. ©ranandllljaptEl'O Anciently Bilhops du( notordina- rilv trail fact Matters of moment, fine coneili, Presbyterormn \rmipa!imn, who were then calledaVviirow Eeclcfus, and Col¬ leagues of the Bilhops, reprefented in fome fort by our Cathedrals ; whereof the Dean and fome of the Prebends, tie upon the Biihop’s Summons, to aflift him in Ordination 124 ffilieJBjefcttt State Part II. in Deprivations, ab Officio & Betteficio, in Condemnation of ob- ftinate Herericks, in the great Excommunications, and in fuch like weighty Affairs of the Church. Upon the King’s Writ of Conge d' efure (as before-mentioned) the Dean and Prebendaries are to eleft the Bifliop of that Diocefs. Cathe¬ dral and Collegiate Churches ate, as it were, Seminaries or Seed-plots, whereout from time to rime may be chofien fit perfons to govern the Church: For having left the Country, and livinghere in a Society together, they learn Experience; they read Men; they, by littlej and little, put off the Fa¬ miliarity of the Inferiour Country Clergy , and there¬ by render themfelves more fit to be fet over them in Government.. The Dean and Prebendaries, during their re¬ quired Refidence in their Cathedral or Collegiate Churches,an to keep Hofpitality upon all Fefiivals, to read Divinity in their turns, which is now turned to Sermons, or Set-Spee- . dies in the Pulpit; at due time to admininfter the Lord's Supper; to frequent publick Divine Service ; to inftruft the Country Clergy, and direft them how, and what to preach, whereby they may beft profit their Auditors: In a word, as they excel others in Dignity, and are there¬ fore (filed Prelates; fo by their more eminent Piety and Charity, they are to be Examples and Patterns to the Infe¬ riour Clergy. In almoft every Cathedral, or Bilhop’s See, there is a Dean, and divers Prebendaries, or Canons, whofe number is in fome Deans of the old Foundations, founded before the Sup- .preflion of Monafteries, are brought to their Dignities much like Bilhops; the King firft fending forth his Conge d' tjiiri to the Chapter, they elefting, and the King granting his Royal Aflenr, the Bifliop confirms him, and gives his Man- date toinfla! him. Deans of the new Foundations (upon Suppreflion of Al- bid or Priories, transformed by Hen. '8. into Dean and Chapter) are by a (hotter courfe Inftalled by Virtue of the King’s Letters Patents, without either Elefrion or Confirmation. Among tile Canons or Prebendaries in the old Foundations fome are Comma aciu, having Prebnsim Jedile in Choro, & jus juffragit in Capiendo; others are Cantmici in Hcrba (as they are called) having right to the next Prebend that (hall be¬ come you!, and having already a Stall in the Quire, but no PartII. of ENGLAND. 125- A Prebend is properly the Portion which every Preben¬ dary of a GoUegiate or Cathedral Church receiveth in the right of his place for his maintenance, quaft pars ml pertii pretbenda. airCilBeaCOn®.] Next in the Government of the Englijh Church, may be reckoned -Archdeacons, whereof there are Sixty in all England : Their Office is to vifit Two Years in Three, and to enquire of Reparations and Moveables belong¬ ing to Churches, to reform Abufes in Ecclefiaftical Mat¬ ters,and to bring the more weighty Affairs before the Bilhop of the Diocefs ; and therefore he is called, Alter Eplfcopi oca- hi (the other being the Dean.) Moreover, the Office of an Archdeacon, is, upon the Bilhop’s Mandate, to induft Clerks into their Benefices, and thereby to give them poffelfion of all the profits belonging thereto. Many Archdeacons have by Prefcriptions their Courts and Officials, ts Bijbops have : whereof more hereafter. JffuraliBeans.] After the Archdeacons are the drehi- presbyteri or Rural Deans, fo called perhaps at firft for their over-light of ten Parilh-Priefts. They were here anciently called Decani Chrijliamtasis. Seld. not. ad Eadmernm,, p. 208. Their Office is now, upon Orders, to convocate the = Cler¬ gy, to figr.ifie to them, fometimes by Letters, the Bi- ihop’s pleafure, and to give Induftion for the Archdeacon living afar off. f)arifl)-i&£iE(fjS or Next are to be confide- ted the Priep of every particular Parilh, who are com¬ monly called the Rollers, unlcfs the Predial Tythes are im¬ propriated, and then they are ftiled Vicars, qua/i mice fmgenttt Return,n. Their Office is to take care of all the Parilhioners Souls, and like good Shepherds, to handle every' particular Sheep apart; to chatechize the ignorant, reduce the Brav¬ ing, confirm the wavering, convince the obliinate, repr'e- .hend the wicked, confute Schifmaticks, reconcile Diffe¬ rences among Neighbours, to exercife the power of bind¬ ing and loofing of Souls, as occalion lhall offer; to read duly Divine Service, to adminifter the Holy Sacraments, and to preach, if the Bilhop lhall think fit; to vifit the Sick, t > marry, to bury , to render publick Thanks after Child-bearing, to keep a Regiftcr of all the Marria¬ ges, Chriftningsand Burials, that lhall happen within the -Bacilli. Laftly,

'art II. kENGLAND. 137 refume to vent his own Conceptions in the Pulpit, tinlefs he ath a fpecial Licence l'o to do. The Church-wardeni are lefted every Fojirr-Week, ufually by the Parfon and Pari- iioners, if they fo agree ; if not. then one by the Parfon, nd the other by the Pariihioners. There are all'o in greater Parilhes joyued with the Church- wdens, Tejlti Synodults, anciently called Synods-Mm, now orruptly Sidis-Mm, who are to affift the Church-wtrdtns in nquiries into the Manners of inordinate Livers, and in refenting Offenders at Vifitations. Laftly, the Sacriftan, corruptly the Sexton or Clerk, who is rdinarily to be chofenby the Parfon only ; he ought to be rwenty Years old, or above, of good Life, that can read, vrite, and ling : His Office is to ierve at Church the Priefi,

FO R the Church Lcgiflative Power, or the making Ecclefiajhcnl Law! , and confulting for the more wei :y Affairs of the Church, the King, by the Advice of Privy-Council, ufually convokes a National Synod, ci

The King direfleth his Writ to the Archbill t'hedrThtcdC^Z^Churches, according to their non and Judgment, affigning them the tune a the hid Writ; whereupon the Archbifliop oi directs his Letters to the liilhoa of Lr, n8 ffiHje Estate Part II fliop of London accordingly direfts his Letters to the Bi- fliop ot every Diocefs of the Province , citing them in like manner to appear, and to admonilh the Deans and Archdeacons to appear perfonally ; and the Cathedrals, C«ft. giate Churches, and inferiour Clergy of the Diocefs, to fend their Proffers to the place, and at the day appointed, to certifie alfo to the Arehbifhop the Names of all fo fummo- ned by them. The place where the Convocation of the Clergy in the Province of Canterbury, hath ufually been held, was St Paul’s Church in London, but of later times, St. Peter’s in WeSlmintter, in the Chappel of Henry the Seventh, where there is (as in Parliament.) a higher and lower Houle, or a Houfe of Lords-Spiritual, and a Houle of Commons- The higher Houfe of Convocation in the Province of Canterbury, conlifts of Twenty two Bilhops, whereof the ArchbilhopisPrefident, fining in a Chair at the upper end of a great Table, and the Bilhops on each fide of the fame Table, all in theirScarlet Robes and Hoods,the Archbilhop’s Hood furr’d with Ennin, the Bilhops with Minraer. The lower Houfe conlifts of all the Deans, Archdeacons, one Proftor for every Chapter, and two Proftors for all the Clergy of each Diocefs, in all 166 perfons, niiz. Twen¬ ty Two Deans, Twenty Four Prebendaries, Fifty Four Archdeacons, and Forty Four Clerks reprefenting the Dio- cefan Clergy. The firft day, both Houfes being affeinbled, the higher chufeth a Bilhop for their Prolocutor, and the lower being required by the higher, chufe them a Prolocutor or Speaker ; which done, they prefenr him to the upper Houfe by Tiro of the Members, whereof one makes a Speech in Latin, and then the Eleft Perfon makes ano¬ ther Speech in Latin. Luffly the Archbilhop anlwers in Latin, and in the Name of all the Lords, approves of the Perfon. Both Houfes debate and tranfaft only fuch Matters as his Majefiy by Commilfion expreflyalljsvetli. fn the upper Houfe things at lirlt are propofed, and then communicated to the lower Houfe. The Major Vote in eacli Houfe prevails, ■ Clue of Parliament time they ufually alfeml’Ie everyday about Nine of the Clock; and firft the Junior Bilhop fays Pray-

des thefe Courts, ferving for the wh ■cry Bifhop hath his Court held in the ocefs, over which he hath a Chant tly Etchfiicdicus, & Epifnpi Ecdirns , who being Skilled in the Civil and C is ajudge ; and if his Diocefs be Iargi nor* remote place a Commiffary, wh i the Canons made in Cm :s Jecsli, and confirmed by me Statutes enafted by i’arl Affairs; anil Jaftly, divers ( PartII. of ENGLAND. ij; ftoms not written, but yet in ufe beyond the Memory of Man : and where thefe fail, the Civil Law takes place. The manner of Tryals by thefe Laws and Cufloms are different from the Trials at Common Law, and are briefly ' thus: Firit goes forth a Citation, then a Bill and dnfmr, then by Proofs, P/itmfs and Prcfumptims, the Matters arc argued Pro and Con, and the Canon and Civil Lam quoted ; then, without any Jar/, the Definitive Sentence of the Judge paf- feth, and upon that Execution. And this is the manner of Trying Eccl/JiaJlical and Civil Caufct ; but Ecckpaflical Cri¬ minal Canfes are tried by way of Accuf.nim, Denunciation, or iiujuijitibn. The firft, when fome one takes upon him to prove the Crime : The feco.nd, when the Church-war,km frffint, and are not bound to prove, becaufe it is prefumed riiey do it without any Malice, and that the Crime is noto¬ rious.. LaAly, by Iuqnijitm, when, by realon of common Fame, Inquiry is made by the Biihop, ex officio fuo, by calling fome of their Neighbourhood to their Oaths.or the Party ac- cufed to his Oath, cx officio, fo called becaulb the Eceleliafli- cal Judge doth it ex officio fuo,which is very ancient, and was ufual among the Jo.vs; but by the prevailing Faction in the I.on- Parliament, this Power was extoited from the Church, the want whereof is one main Caufe of the Libertinifin and Debauchery of the Nation. Of Pm.ijhincnts inflicled upon Offenders by thefe Spiritual or Eccleiiaflical Courts, according ro the aforeiaid Laws and Authorities, fee Part t. Tit, of PunHhr.cn!!. before William the Conqueror there were no Eccleiiaflical Courts, properly fo called, in Enffi.md-, for anciently the bi- fhops fat in Judgment together with the Secular Judges on, tile fame Tribunal. Dcbtm Kpifcofi cum fcculi Judicilas Jflie gjtfcnt State Part II.

CHAP. XII. Of the Civil Government of England, and ffijt ij the Great Officers of the Crown.

■»CfExt to the King and Prime! of the Bled, are reckond Partll. of ENGLAND. ijj the Second, the Duke of 0rnrnd was made, for that occa- fion, Lord High Steward of England, and (inarching immedi¬ ately before the King, above all other Officers of the CrowiO bore in his Hand St. Edward’s Crown; or elfe for the Ar¬ raignment of fome Peer of the Realm, their Wives or Widows for Treafon or Felony, or fome other great Crime, to judge and give Sentence, as the ancient High Stewards were wont to do ; which ended, his Commiffion cxpireth; So at the Arraignment of the Earl of Pembroke, the late Lord High Chancellor of England. Heritage Earl of Hotting- ham, Baron of Daventry, was made Lard High Steward, (to ilia vice: And lately at the Arraignment of the Lord Mohan, Thomas, Marquifsof Carmarthen, and Lord l’refident of the Council, was made Lord High Steward for that occafion: du¬ ring which Tryal he fitteth under a Cloth of Eftate, and they that fpeak to him, fay. May it (leafeymr Grace, my Lord High Steward of England. His Commiffion is to proceed, Sttmdmn Legem & Ctnfuetudincrn Anglia. He is Sole 'judge, yet doth call all the Twelve Judges of the Land to affift him. Is not fworn, nor the Lords, who are the Tryers of the Peer Arraigned. During his Stewardlhip, he bears a white Staff in his Hand,and the Tryal being over, openly breaks it; and fo his Office ends. logo Ctjanctllog.] Next is the Lord high Chancellor, Summit Cancellarius, fo called, becaufe all Patents, CcmniiJJi- mt, Warratsts, coming from the King, and perufed by him, are Signed , if well; or Cancelled where amit's ;that is, crofs’d out with Lines acrofs like Crofs Bars,or Latices, cal¬ led in Latin, Camclli; or elfe becaufe anciently he fate sstlra Catstellos; that is, fuch a partition as ufually now feparates the Church from the Chatted ©igllitp.] He is after the King and Princes of the Blood in Civil Affairs (there being now no Lord High Stewaid) the higheft perfon in the Kingdom, as the Archbithop of Canterbury is in Eccleliaftical Affairs. fiDfficf.] His Office is to keep the King’s Great Seal, to judge, not according to Common Law, as other Civil Courts do, hut to moderate the Rigour of rhe Law ; and to judge according to L'jitity, Conftieiiceor ReaJ'en ; to bellow all Eccleliaftical Benefices in the King’s Cifc, under ao/. yearly in the King’s Books; and for this, and other Caules, he was ever, till of late Yeats, a Clergy-man. K 4. J©atl). 136 gje&tt&ate Pgrt fj, . ilDati).] His Oath is CO' do Right- to aft martper of people, poor and rich, after the Last's aild Cuftoms of the Realm, and truly to mufti the King; to keep fecret the King) ."CounTd, nor fuffer fo far as lie may, the Rights of the Cross to be diminilh’d, ire. , From the time of Henry the Second, the Chunce/ier: of England have been ordinarily made of Bilhops, or other Clergy-men learned in the 'Civil Laws, till. Hairy tit' Eighth, made Chancellor iirft Sir -Thomas Moor, add .after him Thrum Mddy. After whom aifo was made Lord Chan¬ cellor, Sir Richard Rich, Knight, Lord Rich (it Lawyer) who had been firfl the fald King's Sollicitt . . afterwards Chancellor, of his Court of Augmentation, from whom is defeended the prefent Earl of i'/ardiickisrH Holland; fince which time there have been fonie Bilhop3,biit j moll: Lawyers. ! This High Office is in Fraud, durante vim, but here’tij Salary.] The Salary from' the King was S-}U /. fer | pum, and when the Star-Chamber was up, 200 l: per arm more for his Attendance there. Creation,] The Lord Chancellor-ini the Lord Keeper _ fhe fame in Authority, Pomr uni Precedence, ydt they diffil in Patent, in Height and favour of the King; they are created per Tradieienem tnagni SigiB Jibi per Dmmnum Regm, and by taking an Oath, only the LotdChaticeiler hath beiidei The Right Honourable Sir Johi: Summers, late Attorney, I Genera], is now Lord Chmicelioroi England. ] 3L01P Strcafurer.] The Third great Officer pf the Crown, is rile Lard High Trenfurer of England, who receives this High Office by delivery of a white Staff to him by the King, and holds it durante ku plstcite Regis. Anciently he received this Dignity by the delivery of the Golden Keys of the Treafuty. .. iSDali) ] His Oath is little different from that of the Lord Chancellor. HDfficr. j He is Prelfccius Mrstrii, a Lord by his Office, Under whole Charge and Government is ail the King’s Re* venue kept in the Exchequer. He hath abb the Check of all tile Officers any way imployed in collecting JmpoJIs, Cujlorn, Tributes,' or other Revenues belonging to the Crown. He hath the Gift of all the C-.-.f enters, CempinlUts and Searchers in all the Ports of England. ' ■ lie atn- of ENGLAND. \\t hath the Nomination of .the Efcbuta r,aml in feme Cafes, by Statute, is to ap; i.flie lenffth and breadth of Clothes. He, with others joined in Commiffion v r, letteth Letfti of all the Lands belong ■

:g in the lirft Earl of Mambtflor ; the Lord Chancel ■afterward, fupplying that Place; till of late the Ear ihaftiiifry.wis made Uni Prejidcnt, and lince that til )rd Ktirr/jlucceedcd him, and was created Earl of Riut ■„ who was fucceded by the Marquifs of H.iliifas d he by the Duke of L«dr. i.0iC falityf&CSU] The Fifth the Lord Privy-Setl, whi i?8 Eljc pjcfent State PartU under the King’s Privy Signet; nor with wirrint if it he igainft Law or Cuftom, until that the King be firft u- quainted. This great Officer is mentioned in the Statute of j Rich. i. and then ranked among the chief Perfons of the Realm. The prefent Lord Privy Seal is the Right Honourable the Earl of Pembroke Note, That anciently the Lord Chancellor, Treafurer, Prcfi dent, and Privy Seal, were generally Clergymen. Cfjamhtclain.] The Sixth Great Officer of the Crown, is the Lord Griat Chamberlain of England, an Officer of great Antiquity, to whom belongs Livery mi Lodging in theffng'j Court, and certain Fees due from each Archbilhop or &• fhop, when they do their Homage or Fealty to the King, and from all Peers of the Realm at their Creation, or do¬ ing their Homage or Fealty; and at the Coronation of e- very King, he is to have Forty Ells of Crimfin Velvet for his own Robes; and on the Coronation-Day, beforethe King rifeth, to bring his Shirt, Coyf, Wearing-Clothes; and after the King is by him Apparelled and gone forth, to. have his Bed and all Furniture of his Bed-Chamber for his Fees, and all the King’s Night-Jppartl, and to carry at the Coronation the Coyf, Gloves, and Limits, to be ufed by the King upon that occalion ; alfo the Smrd and Scabbard, and the Gold to be offered by the King, and the Robe Royal and Crown, and to undrefs and attire the King with the Robes Royal, and to ferve the King that Day before and after Dinner with Water to waffi hjs Hands, and to have the Balon and Towels for his Moreover, To this Great Officer belongs the care of providing all things in the Houfe of Lords, in time of Par¬ liament, and to that end he hath an Apartment near the Lord’, Houfe. part II- ef EN GLAN D. 159 Parliament, and goes on the Right Hand’oP'the'isWrf next {to the King’s Perfon, and the Lard-Marffalon the Left. Upon all Solemn Occafions, the Keys of WeHminflcr-Hall, S and the Keys of the Ctartof Wardt, and Conrt of Rigiuft, I are delivered to him. This Honour was long enjoyed by the Earls of Oxford, from the time of Henry the Firft, by an Efface Tajl or inht- rilinci; but in theTwo laft Coronations by the Earls of LiW- jiy, and that by an Effate or Inheritance, from a Daughter and Heir General claimed and controverted, but is at grefent en¬ joyed by Robert Earl of Livdfey. Cordflblt.] The Seventh Great Officer is the hni %/a Cmfiableof England, to called, fome think, from the Saxon Catling, by contraftion King, and Stable, Q#aff Regis Celtatttn, for it was anciently written Ctmingfiable; but rather from Cmu Stabuli, whofe Power and Jurifdiftion was anciently fo great, that after the death of Edtoard Bagot, or Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, 1521. and the laft High Conjiablt of England, it was thought too great for any Sul^jeft. But lince, upon occafion of Coronation (as of that of King Charles the Second was made the late Eatl of Horthum- btrland) and atfolemn Tryals by Combat (as that which was intended between Rey and Ramfey, 163a. was madeRe- lirt Earl of Lindfey) there is created Pro ilia Pice, a Lord High Conftabie. His Power and Jurifdiftion isthe fame with the Earl sVarJhal, with whom he fits Judge in the Marjbats Ciurt, and takes place of the EarlMarjhal, ®arl fJParffjal] The Eighth Great Officer of the Crown, isthe Earl.Marjhal of England, fo called from Mare in the I old(1. e.) Horfes, and Schal, Preefiftus. He is an Earl, fome fay, by his Office, whereby he taketh, as the Conjlable doth. Cognizance of all matters of War and Arms, deter¬ mined! Contrast touching Deeds of Arms, out of the Realm upon Land, and Matters concerning Wars within the Realm, which cannot he determined by Common Law; and in thele Matters he is commonly guided by the Civil Law. Note, That anciently he had feveral Courts under him, but hath now only theMarjhalfea, where he may lit in Judg¬ ment againfi: Criminals offending within the Verge of the King’s Court. 'X his Office is of great Antiquity in England, and ancient¬ ly of greater Power than now. Thomas Mowbray Earl of Nottingham, was the firft Earl Mar. foal of England, made fo by Rickard II. Henry

Part II* >>f ENGLAND. 141 of all lawful Prizes, Lagoa, Floifm, md 3etfiu,. as.our Law¬ yers term it; that is. Goods lying in the Sea, on Ground, Uoods floating on the Sea, and Goods call away by tins- Sea on the Shore, not granted to Lords of Manners adjoyn- ing to rhe Sea : AH great Fillies, as Sea-Hogs, and other Fi¬ llies of extraordinary bignefs, called Royal Fijbct, except only Whahs and Sturgeons This High Office is at prefent executed by Seven Commif- lioners, who lhall be hereafter named in due place.

CHAP. XIII.

Of the Privy-Council. TH E Primum Mobile of the Civil Government of Eng¬ land, from whence all the inferior Orbs derive their Motion, is that Noble, Honourable, and Reverend Affem- bly,called Concilium {centum privatum, vcl continuum (Legit Con¬ cilium, which is a Court of great Antiquity and Honour. Before the latter end of Henry the Third, Stpoci provifgm fait per Rcgem & Concilium {mm privatum, feil/oqec Regis con- fmatmn, procul dulio Legit vigorem babuit, liith Spehnan. The primitive and ordinary way of Government in Eng- lorn, was by the King and his Privj-Ctw.aii, and all our King’s have a fled much by it, determining, Controveriies of great Importance, fometimes touching Lands and Rights between Party ’ and Party, whereof there are very many Prefldents ; and the Judges of England, in Tome difficult Ca¬ fes, were not wont to give Judgment, until they had (irft confulted the King, or his Privy-Council. Moreover, the Lords and Commons alfembl’d in Parliament, have oft- times tranfmitted Matters of high Moment to die King and bis Privy-Council, as by long Experience, letter abieto judge of, and by Secrelie and Expedition, Oerter able to trans¬ act feme Sate Affairs, than all the Lords and Commons At prefent the King anti his Privy-Council take cognizance of few Matters, that may wed bedetermined by the known' Laws, and ordinary Courts ofjufitce ; but only confide for die publick Good, Honour, Defence, Safety, and Reuefic of *42 H$e JBjefent State Part U the Realm, not medling with Matters that concern Fret, holds, but Matters of Appeal; and fudden Emergencies. The Lords of the Privy-Council arc, as it were, a part of the King, incorporate with him and his Cares, bearing tip. on their Shoulders that great weight, that otherwife would lie wholly upon his Majefty ; wherefore of liich high Vi. lue and Efleem they have always been, that if a Man did but ftrike in the Houfe of a Privy-Concellor, or elfewhtn in his prefence, he was grievoufly fined for the lame; and to confpire the Death of any of them, was made Felony, in any of the King’s Servants, within the Cheque Roll, and to kill one of them was High-Treafon. A Privy Councellor, though but a Gentleman, lhall have Precedence of all Knights, Baronets, and younger Sons of all Barons and Vifcounts. The Sublhnce of their Oath is, That they lhall, accord, ing to their Power and Difcretion, truly, juftly, and evenly counfel and advife the King, in all Matters to be treated In his Majelly’s Council; That they lhaH keep fecret the King1! Counfel, &c. By force of this Oath, and the Cuftom of the Kingdom of England, a Privy Councellor is made without any Patent ot Grant, and to continue only during the Life of the King that makes him, nor fo long, unlefs the King pleafeth. To his Privy-Counfellors, the King of England may de¬ clare, or conceal from them, whatfoever he alone judged] fit and expedient, qud in re (faith that excellent Sir Thomoi Smith) alfilutijjimim efl hoc Regmm /Inglia fra Ventttrum Do¬ tal u, aut Laccdaemoniorum Principatu. The King, with the Advice of his Privy-Council, doth publilh Proclamations binding to the Subjedt, provided tliac they are not contrary to Statute, or Common-Law. The Members of this moft Honourable Council, are fuclt, as the King’s own free Will, and meer Motion, lhall pleafe tDchufe, and are commonly Men of the higheft Rank, Emi¬ nent for Ellates, Wifdom, Courage, Integrity, ire. And be- caufe there are few Cafes of Moment fo Temporal, but that they may fome way relate to Spiritual Affairs, therefore ac¬ cording to the general Rules of Policy and Government, which God hunfelf ordained amongft his chofen People the Jetvs, the Privy-Council (as well as the great Council of Parliament) is compofed of Spiritual, as well as Temporal Perfons, and fome of the principal Bilhops of England, have Fare n. af ENG LAND. 14} in all times been chofenby his Majefty, to be of his Privy They are all to wait on his Majefty, and at Council- Board to fit in their Order bare-headed, when his Majefty ■prefides. At all Debates, the loweft delivers his Opinion firft, that fo he may be the more free, and the King laft of all de¬ clares his Judgment, and thereby determines the matter of Debate. The certain Council Days are Wednesdays and Fridays, in the Mornings, except in Parliament, or Term-time, then they are in the Afternoons ; and when the Court is at Winder, his Majefty does for the moft part, appoint the Council to meet at Hamptm-Cmrt on Thurjdays; but for the more eafte dilpatch of Bufinefs, they were thought fit to di¬ vide themfelves into divers tending Committees, three whereof to be a' Riorum, and to meet as oft as they pleafe ; where note, That the Lord Chancelhr, or Lord Keeper, Lord Prejidcnt, Lord Privy-Seal, and two Secretaries, are of all Committees. The Lords of thefe Committees of Council being often changed by reafon of Sicknefs, or their being out of Town, others are appointed by his Majefty in their ileads, and there¬ fore no certainty of their Lifts.

The Names of thefe Committees are, The Committee for Intelligence. The Committee for Ireland. The Committee for Trade, and Foreign Plant atimt: Alfo for confideration of the Affairs of thelfles of Jcrfey and Gucrn- /ryrand the little Ifles depending on them. A Council is feldom or never held without the Prefence of one of the Secretaries of State ; of whofe Office and Dig¬ nity, much more confiderable in England than in other Nati¬ ons, take here this brief Account. SferEtarifS of State.] The King of England had anci¬ ently but one Secretary of State, until about the end of Hen¬ ry the Eighths Reign,it was thought fit,that weighty and im¬ portant Office fhould be difeharged by Two Perfons, both of equal Authority: and both Ailed Principal Secretaries ef Scats, In 144 -fi^e PJtfcnt &tate Parrif In tliofe days, and-fome while after, they fate not at Com. cil-Board, but having prepared their Bulinefs in a Roomii joyning to the Council-Chamber, they came in, and flood on either hand of the King ; and .nothing was debated g the Table, until the Secretaries had gone through widitheir Proposals. But Queen Elizabeth feldom coming to Coun¬ cil, that Method was altered, and the Two Secretaries tori their places as l'rivy-Councellors, which Dignity' they hire retained and enjoyed ever iince ; and a Council is feldoa, or never held without the prefence of one of diem atth: lead Their Employment being of extraordinary Trull anj Multiplicity, renders them moll conliderable in the Eye of the King, upon whom they attend every Day, as OccsS on requires; and of the Subjeft alfo, wirofe Rcqueils and Defircs are for the mod part lodged in their Hands, to It reprefenred to the King, and always to make Difpatcies thereupon, according to his Majeftics Anfwors and Dire- ftions. As for Foreign Affairs, the Secretaries divide all the Kingdoms and Hattons, which have inrercotirfe of Bnfinefs with the King of England, into Two grand Provinccii whereof each Secretary taketh one to himiclf, receiving all Letters and Addrelfes from, and making all Difpatciies tothl feveral Princes and States comprehended within his own Province. But in all Matters of Home-conccrn, whether they rclatt to the public!.-, or to particular perfons, both the Secretaries do equally and indiftinflly receive and difpatch whatfoevtr is brought to them, be it for the Church, the Militia, or pri¬ vate Grants, Pardons, Difpenfations, &c. They have this fpecial Honour, that if either of them, be a Baron, he taketh place, and hath the Precedence or all other Perfons of the fame Degree, though otherrvife by their Creation fome of them might have Right to pre¬ cede him; and a Knight in like manner, if he hath no other Qualification ; but if above the Degree of a Baron, Bart II. of. E N S fe[ A. N D. 14 y And to, lhew how conftderable tlieir Place ip, their fecled Allowance from the King, in .Salary and, Pennon, is little ]els than Two Thoufand Pounds Sterling per armm to each ofdiem. • , , The Secretaries and Clgrks, whom they imploy under them,, are wholly at their own choice, and'havp no depen¬ dence upon any other Power or Perl'ons befyles rhemfelves. The Secretaries of State have the Cuftody of that Seal of the King, which is properly, called the Sigmt; the Ufe and Application whereof, gives Denomination tp an Qffice.con- Ihntly attending the Court,called the Sigm-Qff.ce, wherein there are pour Clerks, who wait alternately by Months, and prepare fuch things as are to pals the Signet, in .order to the Privy-Seal, or Great-Seal, viz. Thefe have no Fee from the King, but only.Diet, which atPehfioais aoal. yearly.;- tl;eir Office is in fffec-Jhi//: they wait by -Month, each of them three Months in a year. One of them always attends the Court wheteioever it re¬ moves, and by Warranc-frem the King, nr- Secretaries of State, or Lords of the Council, prepare fuch Bills or Letters forthe King to (ign, as not;bejng’i Matter of Law, are by any Warrants directed to them to prepare. In their Office ail Grants; either prepared by the King?s Learned Council at Law, or by themfelves, for the'King’s Haiid, when fign- ed, are returned, and there tranferibed again, and thatTran- fetiption is carried to one of the principal Secretaries of State, and fealed, and then it is.called a Sigmt, which is dire¬ cted to the Lord Privy-Seal, and is his Warrant for Bluing out a Privy-Seal upon it, which prepared by the Clerks of that Seal, is l'ufficient for the payment of any-Moneys ouc of the Exchequer, and for feveral - other ufes : .but when the Nature of the Grant requires the palling the Great-Seal; then the Privy-Seal is an Authority--to the Lord Chancellor to pafs the Great-Seal, as the Signet was to the Lord Privy- Seal, to affix that Seal to the Grant: But in all Three Of¬ fices, drr. Signet, Privy-Seal, and Great-Seal, the Grant is tranferibed. So all which palfes from the King, hath chefe feveral ways of being confidcred before perfefted. There are alfo Four Clerks of the Privy-Seal. . More of tlieir Office is to be feeain i’tut. 57. of Hrti. t. vroithy to be noted, L T« C H A P.. XIV.

Of tie P AR LI AMENT ofENGL AND, and therein of the Perfonfummohing, the marmirtj the Summons, the Perfons fummoned, their Privi¬ leges, the Place and Manner of Sitting, the fij- fing if Bills in either Hrnfe, the faffing of Ails (f Parliament, of Adjourning, Proroguing, and Difid- v'mg of Parliaments, See. BEfore the Conqueft, the Great Council of the King, confiding only of the Great Men of the Kingdom, ago. Yet fome Antiquaries are of opinion, that long b fore, nothing of moment wherein the Lives or E(bates the Common People of England were concerned, ever p: fed without their common Confent. None but the King hath Authority to Summons Parli ment: In the King’s Abfence out of the Realm, the C fin Rtgni in the King’s name doth Summon a Parliament andduring the King’s Minority within the Realm, the Pi tiSir Rtgni doth the fame. No Parliament can begin withoutthe King’s Prefence, e that in Perfon, or by Reprefentation in Commillion. When the King of England is with his Parliament in tirr of Peace, he is then faid to be in the Heighth of his Roy Dignity, as well as when he is at the Head of his Arm; in time of War. There is then fcarce any thing that tf King cannot do, his Power cannot be confined for Caufes r Perfons within any bounds. He can, with the Concurrent of his Lords and Commons, abrogate Old Laws, mal New, change Right: and' PolTedion of private Men, aln Weights and Meafures, raife Taxes, give Indemnity c Pardon in general, reftore CondemnedaPerfons and Pam: lies in Dlood and Name, legitimate one that is bom illc gitimate, balbardize one that is bom by Common Las legitimate ; that is to fay, one begotten in Adultery, th Husband being then within the Four Seas. He can male in Infant of full Age, make an Alien or Foreigner a: Inglijb-man, can atta'int a Man of Trealon when he" isdead shen he is no more a Man, &c. In a word.a Parliament Authority is moft Abfolute; a Parliament can do all tha maun Pcpultifqiu Ronmus could do, cemuriittii Cmitiit f:i nbaittit; it reprgfents the whole Kingdom ; fo that tin lonfent of the Parliament is prefumed to be the Ccnlen if every Man in England. A Parliament is lummoned in manner following: Abou ;orty Days before the Parliament doth alferable, the Kin{ files out Iris Writ, linn AdvifammH Concilii fni ; and the Varrant is, Pan Ipfim Regm & UnciHum. The King’s Writ (which is a (horcLetter or Epiftle) F refied and fent to every particular Perfon of the Lord1 liritual and Temporal, commanding the Lords Spiritual,/

Part IL of E N G L A N D. J49 full Ages that is, Twenty-one Years old at leaft ; for if no Man under that Age can • difpofe of his Enat., nor can make one legal Aft to that purpofe, then much Ms may he bear any part in the Supreme Power ot the Nation to judge, vote, or difpofe of the Iiilatc ot the whole Realm ; vet the prattice in the Houfe of Commons though very rarely in the Houle of LordsJJr ath oft been otherwiie Se¬ condly, That he fhould be a Member of the CImre) ej Eng- land', as by Law Eftablifhed. ' . All Members of Parliament, both Lords and Commons, that they may attend the“.publick Service of their Country, are privileg’d, with their Menial Servants attending on their Petfons, together with all their Neceflary Goods brought along with them, from all Attachments, and lmprifonments for Debts, Trefpafles, Account or Covenant, all the time that they are on the way to the place of Parliament-, ad the time of the Sellion, and all the time they are on their way home-again. Wo, #«»*, ^ Pr°f™ f fo were the old Words;) hut they are not pnvileg d from Atreftsfor Treafon, Felony,or Preach of the Peace. The place of meeting for this High and llonoutab.c Al- fembly, is in whatloever City, Town or Houle the King pleafeth ; hut of later times it hath been ulualy held at Me King’s ancient Palace, and ufualReltdence ztW.piipr ; all the Lords in a fair Room by themfelves, andtue Common, not far from them in another fair Room, wmch was hereto¬ fore the ancient Free Chappel of St. Stef hen. Till mama cf fitting in f/«-Lord’s Houfe is thus : The King, asoftas he comes (which hath ufually been only at the opening of Parliaments, or atthe pa.hng ot Bills, or at fome folemn Den.ties, .. frequently done; is platted at the upper Lnd of Me Room, in a Chair of State, having a Cloth ot State o, er ms Head; under which,on either Hand, ate none but cue lum; • Children. . On the King’s Right Htnd is a Seat, ancicrt y ior me i f o SClje $ jetetit fstate Part II. On the King’s Right Hand, and next the Wall, are placed on a Form, firft the King’s Vicar-General in all Caufes Ecde- fiaftick, in cafe his Majefty fhall (as Henrythe Eighthdid) create any foch ; and then next to him on the fame Form, the Two Archbilhops; below thefe on another Form, the Bilhops of Loudon, Durham and Winchefer; then upon other Forms on the fame fide, all the reft of the Bilhops fit, ac¬ cording to the priority of their Confecration. On the King’s Left Hand, upon Forms are placed the LotdsChancellor,Treafurer,PrtJident of the King's Council, and Lord Privy-Seal, if they are Barons, above all Dukes except rhofe of the Royal Family. On the fame fide fit the Dukes, Marquijfes and Earls, accor¬ ding to their Creations. Upon thefi'.'ft Form a-crofstheHoufe, below the Wooll- Sacks, lit the F’fsounss, and upon the next Form the Barons, all in order. The Great Chamberlain, the Cenfiable, the Martial, the Lord Mmirat, the Great Majier, or Lord Steward, the King's Chamberlain, fhall fit above all other of the fame degree of Nobility with themfelves, by an Aft of Parliament in Rot. Pari. 3 Hen. 8. N. io. and the chief Secretary beinga Baron, ihall lit above all Barons, who have none of the a- forementionedOffices; and if he be a Bijhep, above all other Bijhops not having any of the faid Offices. The reft ef the Peers to lit according to the order of their Creation. The Lords Chancellor, Treafurer, Prejident, Privy-Seal, and Secretary of State, being under the degree of Baron, Ihall fit at the uppermoft part of the Wooll-Sacks in the midlt of die Parliament-Chamber, . Seld. Titles of Honour, p. a. Of jate the Lord Chancellor, or Keeper, (if the King be prefent) (lands behind the Cloth of Eftatc, otherwile fits on the firft WoollSack, thwart the Chair of State, his Great Seal and Mace by him : He is Lord Speaker of the Lord’s Houfe. Upon other Wooll-Sacks fit die Judges, the Privy Coanfcllors, and Secretaries of State, the King’s Council at Law, the Mafiers of Chancery. Thefe being not Bantu, have no Suffrage in Parliament, only fit to give their Advice when it is required. The Reafon why thefe Sages are pla¬ ced upon Wooll-Sacks may probably be, to mind them of the great Importance of Wooll and Sheep to this Nati¬ on, that is never to be neglefted. On ent, and keepeth the records of the lame. This Clerk ch alfoTwo Clerks under him, who kneel behind the ne Wooll-Sack, and write thereon. Without the Bar of e Ltrds Houfe fits the King’s firfc Genslesnan-Ujher, called e Black-Rid, from a Black Staff he carries in his Hand ; ider whom i; a Teoman-Ujber, that waits at the Door with* , a Cryer without, and a Sergeant at Mad always attending e Lord Chancellor. When the King is prefent with the Crown on his Head, ne of the Lords are covered- Tile Judges ftand till the King gives them leave fit. When the King is abfent, the Urds at their Entrance do

The King’s Council, and Makers of Chancer ly not be cover’d at all. the Commons in the Houfe fit promifeuouf eaker hath a Chair placed in the middle, an that Houfe near him at the Table. They n bes (as the Lards ever had) but wear every ilieth mod, which to Strangers feems very : Gravity and Authority of the Great Counci id during the Attendance on Parliament, a R Ihnent would as well become the Honoi rs of the Houfe of Comsnons, as it doth ali tl ims, both Young and Old, who have Right eat Council at Venice, and as it doth the Sena this Day, &c. The time of fitting in Parliament, is on an orning, or before Dinner, only it hath ancie ved, not to affemble upon fome high Feftiva When the Day prelixt by the King in his V ins is come, the King ufually commeth in 1 i Crown on his Head, and cloathed wit) j'^2 fiClje ^t?cfcht &tate Partll leaving there!! to the Lord Chhtilhrj who then' fends bt- hind his Majefty; the Commons in the mean- time fendijj bare at the: Bar, of the Lard's Houfe, are afterwards in tb Ring’s Name- commanded to chufe them a Speaker fwhid without the King’s Command they may not do) whereup. on, they returning to their own Houle, make choice ofcis of :their own Members, whom afterwards, upon anode Day, they preferit to the King ; and being approv’d of tj his Majefty fitting in his Chair, all his Lords both Spiritual add Temporal being in their Robes of Scarlet, he malts i model!: Refufd; which not allowed, he petitioneth lii Majefty, That the Commons may have, during -their Sitting FirH, si free dccefs to kit MssjiStj; Secondly, Freedom of Spi'd, in their own Houfe ; Thirdly , ‘Freedom from jirrejls. Tbcj ufcd likewife to pray, That they might haute Jolelj the privily of pmiifhing .their own Members or other Offmders againfi 'tea Houfe and Privileges. ' Before any Affait be medled with, all the Menibers rf the Honfeof Commons take rise Oath of jtgegiante and Sttprau. cy in the prefence of an Officer appointed by the King; but (ince the late Revolution, they take the New Oaths ap pointed by, an Aft of Parliament, i Will. & Mary; tnl of late they are all, after the Choice of a Speaker, to deck their Opinionsagainft the Doftrine ts{Tranfubfiantiatm,h •vocation and Moration of Saints, and the Sacrifice of the Msji. which Teft the Lords alfo are now obliged to take in this Houfe before they can fit and debate upon any Affair. Bytheold Manufcripr, called Modus tcr.atdi Parliament it doth appear, That the Houfe of Commons did anciently (a the. Houfe of Lords M this Day) conlift, i. Ex procuraterih Cleri ; 2. Militikts Comitatuutn; 3. Burgtnfihs : To wit, tl Clergy-men as well as Lay-men ; there late the Pncmatm Cleri, Two for each Diocefs reprefenring all the Clergy- Commons of the Dioceis, as the Knights of the Shire di all the Lay-Commons of the Shire: for it was thenjtulgti expedient, that every I;ree-man of England, as well Clergy as Laity, lhould in pafting of Laws touching Prnrcuy, whereunto they were to be fubjeft, give their Confer: perfonally, or immediately by rhcml'elves, or elfe by Torn;, that by their Eleftion, lhould immediately undertake fc mem ; and the Wor k of the , Writ for fummoningthi Pnatratms Cleri, as albrelaid, l'ecm to warrant die fame The Power and Privileges or bol ■ divers, and diftina one from ar The Utit Haufe hath a Power, tealing Laws, but all'o in truBanit eWords of the Writ are; alfo m dging in the Arraignment of itting Men to their Oaths, cfpec nee, as the Conuption of Judges legal Proceedings in other. Courts, i Umcery,Scc. The Ltris that in their Relig ij4 £tie IDjefeitt State Part H pals Sentence, whilft the Members of the Cmrmms Hoift Hand bare at the Bar of the Lords Houfs, produce Witnefles, manage Evidences, ire. Note, That although every Member of the Commons Houle be chofen to Je've for one particular County, City, or Bur- rough, yet he ferves for the whole Kingdom, and his Voice fs equal to any other, his Power abfolute to confetti or difent, without ever acquainting thofe that fent him, or demanding their jtjfent, as the States-General of the United Netherlands art obliged to do in many Cafes. Yet are they to make it their fpecial Care to promote the good of that County, City, or Burrough, for which they lerve, and from which heretofore they ufually did re¬ ceive Inlhiiftions and Directions concerning their Grievan¬ ces, Wants, &c. Although the Lords of Parliament are to bear their own charges, becaufe they reprefent there only themfelves; yet all tne Commons, both Lay and Clergy, that is, the Procura- tores Cleri, are to have rationabiles Ex(enfas, {i% the Words of the Writ are) that is, fuch Allowance as the King confide- ring the Prizes of all things, fhall judge meet to impofe upon the People to pay; in the iph.Edw.il. it was Ten Groats for Knights, and Five Groats for BurgelTes; but not long after it was Four Shillings a day for Dubbed Knights, and Two Shillings for all other; which in thofe days, as appears by the Prices of all things, wasaconliderable Sum, above twenty times more than it is now ; for not only their Expences were confidered, though that was great, by realon of thefuitable Attendance that then every Parliament- Man had, but alfo their Pains,their Iofs oftime.andnecefiary negleft of their own private Affairs for the Service of theit Country; and when the Counties, Cities, and Burroughs, paid io dear for their Expences, they were wont to take cate to chule fuch Men as were bell able, and moll dili¬ gent in the (peedy difpatch of Affairs ; by which means, with fome others, more Bufinefs in thofe times, was dif- patch’d in Parliament in a Week, than is now perhaps in Ten: So that the Protections for Parliament-Men, and their Servants from Arrefts, were not then grievous, when fcarce any Parliament or SelGons talked fo long as One of the Four Terms now at IVeJlminfier. The afore-mentioned Expences being duly paid, did caule all the petty decayed Burroughs of England to be- partII. of ENGLAND. iff come humble Sutters to the King, that they might rjot be obliged to fend BurgelTes to Parliament; whereby it came to pals, that divers were uqburgefled, as it was in partial- Ur granted to Chipping, or Mariut-Territan, upon their Peti¬ tion; and then the Number of the Cmrnms-Houfe, being farce half fo many as at prefent, their Debates and Bills were fooner expedited. The Manner of Pebates of palling of Bills and A&s, is thus: j It is free for any Man of the Parliament, or not pf the Parliament, to get a Bill drawn by fome Lawyer, and give the feme tp the Speaker or Cletk of the Parliament, to be | prerented at a time convenient, and this Bill may be puf firft, either in the Lords Houfe, ot the Commits Houfe. Whatever is propofed fqr a Law, is firft put in Writing, and called a Bill; which being read, commonly after Nine 6f the Clbck, I in a full Aflembly, it is either unanimoufly rejefted at firft, or elfe allow’d to be debated ; and then it is committed to ! a certain Number of the Houfe prefently nominated, and I called a Cmmittet. After it hath been amended, and Twice | read two feveral Days in the Houfe, then it is ingnfs'd; that ! is, Written fair in a Parchment, and read the Third time another day ; and then the Speaker demandeth, if they will I have it put to the queftion, whether a Law ot no Law ; if I the major part be for it, then it is written on the Bill by the ' Clerk, Soit baiUe aux Comments, or Soil bailie anx Seigneurs, retaining ftill in tiris, and fome other things about making Laws, the Cuftom of our Anceftors, who were generally shill’d in the French Tongue. Note, That when the Speaker finds dimers Bills prepared to be put to the spuejiion, he gives notice the Day before, That to morrow he intends to put fuch Bills to the pafmg, or Third Reading, and define the fpicial Attendance of aU the Members. Note all’o, That ij a Bill be rejected, it earner be anymore propofed, during that Sejfions. A Billfent by the Commons up to the Lords, is ufual (to fliew their Refpe£D attended with Thirty or Forty of the Mem¬ bers of the Houfe; as they come up to the Lords Bar, the Member that hath the Bill, making three profound Reveren¬ ces, delivereth it to the LordChancellor, who, for that purpofe comes down to the Bar. A Bid fent by the Lords to the Commons, isufually fent by fome of the Mailers of Chancery, or other Petfon whole place Ebe pjcfcnt ©rate PartH place is on the Woolll-Sacks (and by none of the Membsa of the Houle) and they coming np to the Speaker, apj bowing Thrice, deliver to hiinuthe Bill, after one of that hath read the Title, and delired it might be there takeniits Confideration ; if afterwards ir pals the Houfe, then it o written on the Bill, Les Owmuaes mt afftvsex. In Mefllgei of great Importance, the Lords make ufe of one or nrt of the Chief Judges to go to the Houfy of Comm. When any one in the Commons Houfe will fpeak to a Bill, he Bands up uncovered, and direfts his Speech only to tk Speaker; then if what he delivers be confuted by ana. ther, yet he is not allowed to anfwer again the fame daf, left the whole time ihouJd be fpent by two talkative Pa. fons. Alfo if a Bill be debated in the Houfe, no Man may fpeak to it in one day above once, unlefs the whole Houfe be turned into a Comnittet, and then every Member may to ply as oft as he judges it expedient. If any cAe in either Houfe fpeaks Words of Offence u the King’s Majefty, or to the Houfe, he is called to the Bsr, where commonly on his Knees he receives a Repriraui from the Speaker, and asking Pardon of the Houfe hereniml to his place, but if the Offence be very great, he is fern to the Tower. The Speaker is not allowed to perfwade or diffwade it palling of a Bill, but only to make a fhort and plain Nam- tive ; nui Vote, except the Houfehe equally divided. After Dinner the Parliament ordinarily aflembles nor, tW many times they continue fitting long in the Afternoon, and fometimes after Candle-light. Committees fit after Dinner, where it is allowed to fpeii and reply as oft as they pleafe. In the Lords Houfe they give theirSuflrages or Votes, begin- ;ng at the Puifne,ot loveft Baron, and fo the reft Seriatim, eve one anfwcring apart, [Content, or Not Content.] But in this Houfe if the Affirmatives and Negatives are equal, fetop trufanitur fro Ligan'.e, the Speaker being not allowed a calling In the Houfe of Cemir.one, they Vote by Tea’s and No’s al¬ together ; and if ir he Joubrful , whether is the greater Number, then the Houfe divides, and the Tea’s are to go forth, ar.u the AVrareto lit ftili (becaufe thefe are content with their prefent condition, without any luch addition or alteration of Laws, as the other defire) and fomc an appointed Part II. of E N G L'A N D. i yy appointed to number them': But as a Committee, though it be of the whole Houfc, as is oftentimes, the Yea's go on one fide, and the No's on the other, whereby they may be difeerned. If a Bill pafs in one Houfe, and being fent to the other Houfe, they demurr upon it, then a Conference is demand¬ ed in the Painted Chamber, where certain deputed Members of each Houfe meet, the Lords fining covered at a Table, the Commons handing bare with great Refpeft, where the Buiinefs is debated ; if they then agree not, that Bufinefs is nulled ; but if they agree, then it is at' lad brought (with all other Bids which have palled in both 'Houfes) to theKing, who comes again with his Crou'n on his Head, and clothed with his Royal Rhbes, and being feated in his Chair of State, and all the Lords in their Robes, the Clerk of the Crown reads the Title of each Bill, and as he reads, the Clerk of the Parliament, according to hislnflru- flions from the King, who before hath maturely tonfide- red each Bill, pronounceth the Royal AITent. If it be a publick Bill, the Anfwer is, Lc Roy Ic -vent) which gives Life and Birth to that Bill that was before but an Embrio. If a private Bill, the Anfwer is, (Suit fait centme il ejl dejire. If it be a publick Bill, which the King likes not, then the. Anfwer is U Roy s'avijera ) which is taken for an ab¬ solute denial in a more civil way, and that Bill is wholly Note, That the King without his Ptrfsnal Prcfence, can, by Ctmr.ijfm granted to form of his Nobles, give his Royal JJfint any Bid that requites haife. If it be a Bill for Moneys given to his Majefty, then the Anfwer is, (Le Roy rename fes loyatix Sujets, acceftc tear Benevolence, & aujft le veut.) The Bill for the King’s General Pardon, hath but one Reading in either Houfe, for this Realon, becaufe they mull take ir, as the King will pleafe to give ir, When the Bill for the General Pardon is palled by the King, the Ai’fwcr is thus (Us Prelats Seigneurs & Commutes en ce Parlemint affem- vttre MajeSle & Jrimt Diets vo;,s donner ,n /ante tonne vie ir All Afts of Parliament before the Reign of ffmiy the Seventh , were palled and enrolled in Trench, now in Ewlilh, * Moil

Part II. of ENGL AND. ij9 Command of the King, doth pronounce the Parliament Pro- mud or Difolved. Note, Tbrt the King being Head ef the Parliament, if his death doth happen during the fitting of the Parliament, it is, ipfo fafto, Difolved. Anciently, after every1 Sejfrn of Parliament, the King commanded evety Sheriff to proclaim the feveral Afls, and to caufe them to be duly obferved ; yet without that Pro¬ clamation, the Law intended, that every one hath notice by his Reprefentative, of what is tranfa&ed in Parliament: Of latter times, fince Printing became common, that Cuftom hath been laid afide. Note, That the Sovereign’s Aflent is never Prayed by the Lords, but always by the Houfe of Commons, by the tmuth of their Speaker. Of Temporal Peers of England there are at prefent 170; who, with the 2 Archbiihops and 24 Bilhops, make in all 178 Lords of Parliament.

Ijjtumta] Dukes and Dutchefles-1-U Earls and Countefles-■-76 Barons and Baronefles— ■ — . .70 Li all-—178 . _ Befldes Peereffes by Marriage: Whereas within Eighty years laft pall there was not One Duke, and but One Marquils, with about Nineteen Earls, Three or Four Vifcounts, and Forty Barons. Thefe Great Officers following, in refpeS of their Of¬ fices, have Precedence before all Dukes not of the Blood- Royal, except Prince George of Denmark, who takes place by a fpecial Aft of Parliament. The Lord Chancellor, or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal. The Lord Treafurer. The Lord Prefidettt of the King’s Cotmtii The Lord Privy-Seal.

Thefe 160 SCfje'pteltnt frm Part II Thefe other great Officers take place alfo, in refptftijf their Offices, above all others of the fame degree that they fhall happen to he of. The Lord Great Chamberlain of England. Lord High Conjialle. The Earl Marjbal of England: The Lord Admiral of England: The Lord Steward of the King’s Houfhold. The Lord Chamberlain of the King’s Houfhold. • Note alfo, That the King’s Chief Secretary of State, being of the Degree of a Baron of Parliament, fhall precede all Barms, not having any of the laid Offices; and if he be a Bijhop, take place of.all other Bijhips, not having tbi Office. ■ ' ;

CHAP., XV. Of Particular Governments, anilfrH of the Ecclefmjli- cal, Civil anti Military Government of the King, Houfhold, FO R the Ecclefiaftical Government of thP' King’s Corn, there is lirft a Dean of the Ckappel-Royal, who is ufually fome grave, learned Prelate, chofen by the King, and who, as acknowiedgeth no Superior but the King.; fora the King’s Palace is exempt from all inferiour Temporal}^ rifdi&ion, fo is his Chappel from ail Spiritual; it is cafied Capella Dominica, the Domain Chappel, is not within the, Ju- rifdiftion or Diocefs of any Bifhop, but as a Regal Peculiar exempt and referred to the Vibration and immediate Govern¬ ment of the King, who is Supreme Ordinary as it were, flvsr By the Dean are chofen all other Officers of the Chappel, viz. a Sub-Dean, or Pracentor Capella ; thirty two Gentle¬ men cf the' Chappel, whereof twelve are Prieftspand one of them is Confellbr to the King’s Houfhold, whbfe Office Sick, to examine and prepare Communicants, to inform fuel PartII. of ENGLAND. t6i fuch as defire advice in any cafe of Confidence, or point of Religion, &c. The other twenty Gentlemen, commonly called t'ieC/ofr of t!ie Ckaftel, are with the aforelaid Priefrs to perform in the Chappel the Office of Divine Service, inPraying, Sing' ing, &c. One of thefe being well skilled in Mufich, is chofinMafter of the Children, whereof tlfere are twelve in Ordinary, toinftruft them in the Rules' and Art of Mu¬ llet, for the Service of th.e Chappel. Three other of the faid Clerks are chofen to be Organifis, to whom are joyn’J upon Sundays, Collar-days, and other Holy-days, .a Confort of the King's Mufick, to make the Chappel Mufickmore full 'andc'ompleat. There arc moreover fbur Olficers called Virgers, from the Silver Rbdscarried in their Handf, being a Stream, two Tam, and U Groom of the Chappel. In the King’s Chappel thrice every day Prayers are read, and God’s Service and Worlhip performed with great De¬ cency, Order and Devotion, andfliouhlbe a Pattern to all other Churches and Chappcls of EvghnJ. The Kihg hath alfo his private Oratory, where fome of his Chaplains in Ordinary .are to read Divine Service to the King on working Days every Morning and every Evening. The Urd High Airnomr is he who difpofeth of the King’s Aims, and for that ufe receives (befides other Moneys, al¬ lowed by tile King) all Deodands, & bma Feiamm de fe to be that way dilpofid. Moreover, the Lord Almoner hath the privilege to give die King’s Diih to whatfoever poor Man lie plcafes, that is, the fifft Diih at Dinner which is Pet upon the King's Table, or inftead thereof 4 d. for diem, (which anciently was equiva¬ lent to 41. now) next he diftributes to twenty four poor Men, nominated by the Parifhoners of the Parilh adjacent' to the King’s place if Refidence, to each of them 4 d. in Money, a Two-penny Loaf, and a Gallon of Beer, or, in- Head thereof, 4 d. in Money, equally to be divided among them every Morning at Seven of the Clock at the Come Gate ; and every poor Man before he receives ”the Aim -, is to repeat the Creed and the Lord’s Prayer in the pretence of one of the King’s Chaplains, deputed by rhe Lord Ahm- »tr to be his Sub-Almoner, who alfo is to icattef new coin’d Two-pences in the Towns and Places where the King paf- fes through in bis Progrefs, to a certain Summ by the Year, M ' Befides, 162 SCIjC pjcfettt State Part II. Belides,there are many poor Penfioners to the King andQueen below Stairs; that is/uclt as are put to Penlion,either beauf* they are fo Old, that they are unfit for Service, or elit the Widows of fuch of his Majelty’s Houlhold Servants that died poor, and were not ableto provide for their Wives and Children inrtheir Life-times ; every one of thefe hathi Competency duly paid unto them. Crrcmonpou ©lunhp-SUjurfoar. Moreover, the Court is an eminent Pattern of Charity and Humility to all that fliall fee the performance of that ancient Culiom by the King and,the Queen, on the day before Eafier, called Mamidy-Tlmrfday, fo called from the French Maude, in Latin Sportula, when the King or hisiiri dimmer foil waflieth die Feet of as many poor Aten as an the years his Majefly hath Reigned, and then wipes them with a Tov.-el, (according to the Pattern of our Saviour) and then give; to every one of them two Yardsand a half of Woollen Cloth to make a Sute of Clothes, and Linnm Cloth for two Shirts, and a pair of Stockings, and a pit of Shoocs, three Dilhes ot Fifh in woodden Platters, one of Salt Salmon, a fecond of Green Filh, or Cod, a third of Pickle-Herrings, Red-Herrings, and Red-Sprats, a Gal- lon of Beer, a Quart Bottle of Wine, and Six Penn; Loves of Bread ; altii a Red Leather Purfe, and as mm; fingle Pence as the King is Years old, and in fuch another Puric as/many Muuings as the King hath Reigned Yeats. 1 lie Queen Contort all'o doth the like to divers poor Women. the damfiut’- is Principal of all Ecclefiadicki and all Officers of the King’s Cliappel; 1< :ir Oaths of Allegiance, and himfelf fwearson- it; for that Office ; he hath the difpoficion of . roe cmrge for delivering Prifoners, pardons! at' his coming to the Crown, or at his Coronl* entrance into any of his Cities. 1 Lard Hi"h dimmer, there is a Sub-dlmiver, l two Gj-mins of the d.'mmry. thefe, the King hath a Clerk of the Cleft!, Ot ins MajePy, who is commonly 1'onte Reverend, ine, extraordinarily elteemed by his Majefly, is to jrrend at tile King’s Righc Hand Jo- Part II. of E N G L A N D. 163 ring Divine Service, ro vefolve all Doubts concerning Spi¬ ritual Matters, to wait on his Majefty in his private Oratory or Clofer, ire. Cijaplains’.] .The King hath alfo 48 Chaplains in Or¬ dinary, who are ufually eminent Doftors in Divinity, whereof four every Month wait at Court to preach in the Chappel on Sunday: and other Feftivals before the King, and in the Morning early on Sundays before the Houlhold, to read Divine Service before the'King, out of Chappel dai¬ ly (as aforementioned) twice in the King’s private Oratory, to give Thanks at the Table in the Clerk of the Clofet’s abfence, &c. In the rime of Lent, according to ancient laudable Cu- ftom, the Divine Service and Preaching is performed in a Hcnta&ermong.j Anciently in Court there were Ser¬ mons in Lent only, and that in the Afternoon, in the open Air, and then only by Bilhops, Deans, and principal Pre¬ bendaries. The Lent Preachers are appointed by the Arch- bifhop of Canterbury : On the firft U'edntfday, called rt[h- mdmfdsy, in the the Morning, begins the Dean oftheCArp- frl to preach, on each Wednesday after one of his Majelty’s more eloquent Chaplain:, every Friday the Dean of fome Ca¬ thedral or Collegiate Church : On the laft Friday, called Good-Friday, is always to preach the Dean of Wejiminfltr; on every Sunday in Lent fome hilltop preacheth, and on the lad Sunday of Lent, called Palm-Sttnday, is to preach an Jrchbtjhp, and upon E.tjler-day, the Lord Higft-Ahtmer. €o(lar^®apj0-J Twelve Days in the Year, being high and principal Felfivals, his Majefty after Divine Service, attended with his principal Nobility, adorned with their Collars of the Garter, together with fome of the Heralds, in their Rich Coats, in a grave lolemn manner at the Altar, offers a Summ of Gold to God, in Jignmn Jpeeialis Dminii, that by Iris Grace he is King, and holdeth all of him. All Offerings made at the Holy Altar by the King and Queen, did anciently belong to the difpolal of the Archbi- fhopof Canterbury, if his Grace were prelent, wherclbever the Courr was; bntnow to the Dean of the Chappel, to be diibibured amongft the Poor. Thofe twelve Days are, Chif.maf:, EaJkr,Witfitnday, and JIll-Saints, called lhujhld-days, upon which the Bijant 01 j64 Eljs l?-3Cftnt &t8tc Part II. •*rj, or fome other of the principal Officers: then Nc.v-yurs- (ttty, Twelfth-day. upon the latter of which Cold, Frnnkhaaf and Mj-'vh, in icvcral Pilrfe*, are offer’d by the King. Laftly, La i A , Trinity-Sunday, St.John Bfiptifl, and MicbaJvhfs-day • when only Gold is offer’d. Up¬ on Cbrisfoiafs, Eafitr and W'ttfuv.day, his Majefly ulually re¬ ceives the Holy Sacrament, none Lut two or three of the principal Bifhnps, andibmeof the Royal Family communi- 1 he OoJd olier d by the King at the Altar when he re¬ ceives the Sacrament, and upon high Feflivals, is Rill called the Byzantine, which anciently was a piece of Gold, coin’d by the Lmpcrors of Conjhintinople, in Latin, Byzantiuifi. That which was uted by King James the Firft, was a piece of Gold, having on the one iide the Pourtrai& of the King kneeling before an Altar, with Four Crowns before him, and with this Motto circumfcrib’d,.^/^ reiribum Dominant minilus (]u

Of the Civil Government of the Kings Can't.

[2U$i jstciDerOof t\]t King’# f'tmfijolD.] nait of the King’s Courr, the ciiief Pf t , called alfo in the time of Hurj the Eighth nr ii SM Kings HeujhdJ, after the warw. and ever iince call’d, li/ ; Houle is committed to him, to he 1, and all hi> Commandsin Jl'erv-’jl. Amlas his Power is great, and Honour. The Steward,and r within theK j’s Houle, faith an old Manufcript, tinSnitcifmn h Authority c r all Officers ami Servants of the e of his Ma jelly’s Chappel, Cham- n > oi out any Contmillion, judgeth of ail Enormities, as Tr, •, iUrthsrs, Fikiics, Ehi.ijh.is, com- PartII. of ENGLAND. i6f mitred in the Court, or within the f-ivgi’,which is everyway within twelve miles of the chief Tunnel of the Court, (only London by Charter is exempted) for the law having an high Efleem of the Dignity of the King’s fettl'd Hoafi, laid out fuch a Plot of Ground about his I-Ioufe (as a Haul pat, or Poot-Carpc:, lprcad about the King’s Chair of State, tint ought to be more clear’d and void than other places) to be fubjcet to a fpecial exempted Jurifdiftion de¬ pending on the King’s Perl'on, and Great Officers, that ii> where the King comes, there fliould come with him Peace and Order, and an Awfu'nefs and Reverence in ATens Heart; belldes it would have been a kind of Eclhiing of the King’s Honour, that where the King was, anv .7.-

ufoally of the King’s Privy Council. To this Court, bein'! the firfi: and moft ancient Court of Er.ghnd, is committed the Charge and Overfight of the King’s Court-Royal, for Matters of Juftice and Government, with Autiioriry for maintaining the Peace, within twelve Miles difLnee wherefoever the Court {hall be, and within the King’s I Ionic the power of corretting aUtheServants therein that Rail .my way offend. It is called the Green-Cloth, of a Green Cloth where they Ur, over whom are the Arms of the Comnrmg-Home , be.innu Pert, a Key, Or, and a Staff /Irgnit S.tultiir, fignifying their power to reward and correft, as Perfons for their great Wn- dom and Experience, thought fit by his Majeffv, to exercile both thefe Funftions in his Royal Houfe. totorof t!)f king’s f oufr.j TheTreafurcrofthe King’s Houfe in abfence of the Lora. Steward, hath power with the Comptroller, and other Officers of the Board of Green-Cloth, together with the Steward of the bl'.rjh.illea, to hear and determine Treafons, Felonies, and other Crimes committed within the King’s Palace, and that by Veidift of the King’s Houfhcld. Among the HoujhelH Servants within the Ch-d-Roll, if any he found guilty of Felony, no Benefit of Clergy is to be allow’d him. Anciently this Court might have held Pleas of fwfo/iaifo. M 4 ComptroL j6S SJIjc Relent &tate Part II. Comptroller.! The Compiler's Office is to control the Acco unts and Reckoning of the Green-Cloth. Cofferer.! TheCm/Tr is alfo a principal Officer, hatha a f eci.il Charge ami O. erfight ofother Officers of theHoufe for their good Demeanour, Entertainment and Carriage in their Offices, and is to pay tile. Wages of the King’s Ser. V. nts, above and below Stairs; and for Provifions, by the dhsftion and allowance of the Creai-Chth. Gfcilfcr Of tllf $Ou!Vol9.] The next is the Majlerof the ‘ll.njbohi, rvliofe' Office is to Purvey the Accompts of the Ilo-ife. .A’! Bills cf Cetiiptrchein.P.meli and Bricvimnts, are allot¬ ted and allowed by the Clerks Comptrollers, and fumm’dun Iv the Clerlrs of the Genn-Chih. The Cffttir, Mtr of the HeeJhU, the Two Clerks of the Cv i.-Ch,h, and Two Clerks Comptrollers, fit in Judgment vffih the Lt’.i Sitreeied. Trerfurer and Zmttntter in the Court AVe, That the Clerks of particular Offices fuccced to the W'.and from thence to the liiichni, Splccry or 4very, as Vacancies happen, and thence to the Board of Green-Cloth, ■ in iiVr Icvcal Degrees, from the youngeft Clerk Comptnl-

I70 JT&e gjcfeut fmt PartIL waiting, ought to come near the King’s Perfon, except Pri¬ vy Comfellort, without leave; for which they are to addreij to any one of the Gentlemen of the Privy-Chamber, wfo fpeaksto the Lord Chamberlain or Vice-Ghamberlain, toast the King leave for the Party : then the Gentlemen of th« Privy-Chamber brings the Party to the LordChambtrlain, who prefents him to the King. But in Abfence of the Lord Chamberlain and Hice-Cbm- itrlain, the Gentlemen of the Privy-Chamber reprefent either of them, and do all that belongs to them, and have place in the King’s Barge accordingly. y.TheGentlemen of the Privy-Chamber execute the Kings Orders without any written Orders ; and their Perfonsaic iiifficient Warrants: Far Example; In King Henry the Eighth’s time, Cardinal Wtoljley was at- reded for High Treafon by a Gentleman of the Privy-Cbm- her without any written Ordet: The Cardinal obey’d, fay¬ ing, HII Perfon was a faffeient Warrant, after the faid Cardinal had refus’d to fubmit to the Arreft by a Great Lord, andaa Order in Writing. King James the Firft Cent a PrivyComfellor with a written .Order, fign’d and feal’d with the King’s own Sea), alfos a Ring from rise King’s Finger, commanding the LordCU cellar to deliver the Bread-Seal of England to that Noble Lord to carry to the King. Butthe King fent a Gentleman of rise Privy-Chamber hafti- ly to follow that Lord, forefeeing what would happen This Gentleman coming to the Lard Chancellor, told him, » came from the King, to horn ij his Lordjhip had deliver J A Broad-Seal to that Lard, on fuch Orders and Tokens as above The Lard Chancellor made anfwer, No ; nor caald he mi\ Safety obey ; but he wan'd carry it himfelf to the King. Tha Gentleman of the Privy-Chamber then ufedthefe Words: My Lord Chancellor, I command year Lordjhip in the King: Name, to deliver the Broad-Seal of England unit me, to carry b to the King. The Lord Chancellor ask’d him who he was ? He enforc¬ ed, A Gentleman of his Majejly's ,mii Ham,-arable Privy- Chamber. The Lard Chancellor faid, Sir, your Perfon is a ftejficis Warrant, and / o’; y. And his Lordflsip deliver’d him the Broad-Sea!, takilg ' the Compass-/ to wstnefs, that he had obey'd, and done his Duty, 6. Oe One Afliftant. One Chamber-keeper- Their J Their Office is to wait in the P id next the King’s Perfon ; anc n, and the Vice-Chamberlain, Under-Officers above Stairs ar Next are Gentlsmen-Ujhert, Qu vji &l)( $jrffitt State Part II Sewers cf the Chamber Eight, Salary rr!. St. i d. ■ Board-wages 27 /. 7 t. 6 d. each per Annum. Coffer-Bearers' Two. Gentlemen of the Bed-chamber are Eleven ; whereof tit firft is Groom of the Srt/e,that is (according to the Signifa. tionof the Word in Greek, from whence the Latinos, an! thence the Italian and French derive it) Groom or Servant of the Long Robe or Vcjhncnt; lie having the Office and Honour to prelent and put on his Majefty’s firft Garment or Shirt every Morning, and to order the things of the Bed-Ckir, her. His Salary 966 /. 13 j. 4 rf. The Gentlemen'of the Bed-Chamber confift ufilally of tit Prime Nobility of England, whofe Office in general is, eaci one in his turn, to wait one Week in the King’s Bod-Cinr.- hr, there to lie by the King on a Pallet-Bed all Night, and in the abfence of the Groom of the Stole, to litpply his Place. Moreover, they wait upon the King when he eats in pri- vace ; for then the Gup-bearers, Carvers, and Sewer's do no: wait. Their Salary 9661 13 s. 4 d.per Annum, each Grooms of the Bed-Chamber Nine. Their Salaries 500 I. for Annum each. Pastes of the Back Stairs Six. Their Salaries at. 13 41 Boardwages 77 l.6s- 8 d. per annum each. King’s Barbers Two. Sal. 201. Board-wages, iSol.per Annum. Mailer of the Great Wardrobe. Sal. 2000 l.fcr An. IlisDeputy. Sal. 20c l.fcr An. The Clerk. Sal. 300 I. (or An. Next is the Mailer of tile Robes, whofe Office is to order all his Mijcfiy’s Robes ; as thole of his Coronation, of Sr. Grom's Feilh and of Parliament alio, of ali his Maje- By’a v, caring Apparel, of his Collar of SS’s, George and Garter, belt* with Diamonds and Pearls. His Salary is ^ The King hath (befidcs the great Wardrobe) divers (land¬ ing Wardrobes at U'hit.-Hail, Eenfmgcm, W.ndfir, Hemfttf Court, the 'timer of Loudon, Greerrarich, &c. whereof there are Part II. tf ENGLAND. One Yeoman of the Removing Wardrobe. Sal. 220 1. per Two Grooms of the Wardrobe, each 130 l.pcr An. > Three Pages of the Wardrobe, each 100 l.pcr An. f The Salary of the Temitn was 200 I. of each. Groom 1001. and of each Page 100 Harks: To all thefc together were al¬ lowed Six Diflies each Meal. All Moveables belonging to this Wardrobe are at length divided into three parts; whereof the Yeoman hath one for his one ufe, the Grooms another and the Pages the third part. Keeper of the private Armory, whofe Salary is 13 /. 6 r 81 Board-wages 21J /. 13 s. 4 d.pcr An. Surveyor of the Chamber and Drefler, at i'i 1. 8 id. 2j. per An. Houfe-keeper at Wbiu-H.7//. Board-wages 5 r. a Day while the Court refides there. At Ktnfnigtsn, Board-wages the fame. Theater-Keeper at White-Eal, Sal. 30 /. per An. Two Gallery-Keepers, 3 s. each per Diem. Under the Mailer of the Robes, is. Clerk of the Robes and Wardrobes. Sal. 160 !. per An. One Yeoman. Sal. 9; 1. Threes Grooms, each at 77 /. £> j. 8 d.per An. One Page, at 18. I. per An. One Brufher, at 40 /. per An. One Semflrefs, at 200 /. per An. Body Laundrefs, Sal. 20 /. Board-wages 159 l. per At. Starchcr, at 200 /. p-.r An. Keeper of the Wardrobe at IVl.iee-Ue!! at 7 r a bay Keeper of die Banding Wardrobe at Kenfugtsn ; at 7 a Jay. Neceflary Woman ; at 60 l. per An. Treafurer of the Chamber, Sal. 314 /. 1 s. 4 d. ’ Comptroller of the Chamber, Sal. , ;o /. per An, Auditor of the Chamber. Mailer of the Jewel-1 loufe, Board-wages 4=0 l. per An. Other Officers Pour.

flatter Of tije Ccrrmoniw ] The Office of Mailer of the Ceremonies was inftituted by King jauxs the liriT, for the more Honourable Reception of Arnbitfladors and 174 ®J£ ftffent State Part II, Strangers of Quality, now held by Sir Charles Cettml, Knight; rvhofe Father, Sir Charles Cstterel, executed the fame in the time of King Charles the Firft, during the Civil Wars: In confideration whereof, and of his having followed King Charles II. his Fortune abroad, till his happy Reftauration, he was pleafed, as a Mark of his Favour, and of the faid Office, to put about his Neck (the day be- fore his Coronation) a Chain of Gold, with a Medal un. der the Crown of England, having on the one fide an 'Em¬ blem of Peace, with King James's Motro, Beats Pacifies; an! on the other an Emblem of ‘War, with Diets & Men Dm; which Mark is to continue to his Succeifors ; His Salary is aoo /. per Armutn. ffl)e3(fi8ant anO The Affiftant and Mar- foal of the Ceremonies is his Officer, for the more eafie per¬ formance of the faid Services, and is to aft nothing but by his Dire&ions: His Salary is tool, per Annum. ■ ^eralDflf.] Amongft his Majefty’s Servants in Ordinary are to be reckoned Three Kings of Arms. Six Heralds, or Dukes of Arms. Sal. a6113/. 4 d. ;.r Four Purfuivants. Sal. 20 /, each per An. Nine Sergeants at Arms. Sal. 1001. each per An. See more concerning thefe in the College of Heralds in the Supplement’about the City of Lenders. Groom-Porter. Sal. 2/. 13 s. 4 d. Board-wages 1:7/. 15 s. per An. The Office of Groom-Porter, is to fee the King’s Lodg¬ ings furniihed with Tables,Chairs, Stools, Firing; to pro¬ vide Cards, Dice, &c. to decide Difputes arifmg at Cards, Dice, Bowlings, &e. Matter of the Revels. His Sal. 10 /. per As. Whofe Of¬ fice is to order all things concerning Comedies and Mafqtiis at Court. His Yeoman. Sal.46/. 11 s, id. per An. Knight-Harbinger. Sal. ico l. per An. Gentlemcn-Harbingers Two. Sal. ;o /. per An. Meflengers in Ordinary I-'orry. Sal. 49/. 7 s. 6d. each Clerks of the Check Two. Meffenger to the Prefs. Sal. ;c l.pcr An. Mali- PartII. of ENGLAND. i7J Muficians in Ordinary Four and twenty : The Mailer’s Salary is aoo l.ftr Annum ; the reft 40 /. each. Mailer Fnulcmer. His Sal. rs°oI. per An. Sergeant of the Hawks. Sal. 136!. per An. Mailer of the Hart and Buckhounds; who for himfelf and Huntfmen is allowed mil. per An. Lord Chief Juilice in Eyre. Forefter. Mailer of the Harriers. Mailer of the Beagles, One. Keeper of Attdley-end Park, One. Ranger of St. Jarotr’s Park, One. Ranger of Hide Park, One. Mailer of the Timn-Cmrt, One. Mailer of the Barges, One. Sal. 5 0 /. PkjJicians in Ordinary to his Majeily’s Perfon, Five : The Salary of the Two foil is 400 I. per Ami. Board-wages 10 s. a day. The other Three have each 300 l. per An. Phyjiiian to the Houihold, One. Sal. 100 l. Apothecaries Two.Sal.500 (.Board-wages 117 U rs r. each. Apothecary to the Houihold, One. Sal. 5001. Chirurgeons Three. Sergeant Chirurgeon. Sal. 33;/. Board-wages^140 /. per Second Chirurgeon. Sal. 300 /. Board-wages 117 l. 1; s. ^ Chirurgeon of the Houihold. Sal. 180 (. Board-wages Alio amongft his Majeily’s Servants in Ordinary are rec* Principal Painter, Sal. 100 /. per Annum. One Poet Laureat, aoo I. per An. One Hydrographer. One Library-Keeper, aoo /. ptr An, One Cofmographer. One Geographer. ■ One Pubiick Notary. Houfe-keeper of the Palace at Wejtmivfiir. Yeoman-Uiherof the Houfe of Peers. ' Wardrobe-keeper xtHampun-Ccurt, Houfe-keeper at Rithmend. Chief .176 Kl)C JDjtftnt State Part B. Chief Gardiner. Gardner at Hampton-Court. Other Gardiners Eight. Houfe-keeper. at A:idley-ctid. Houfc-keeper at Windftr-C.iJUe. Keeper of the (landing Wardrobe at IVindfir, Wardrobe-keeper at Gnomicb. Officers of the Works. Surveyor-General. His Salary 80 /. per An. One Mailer of die Mechanicks. Comptroller. Pay-mailer. ' , , His Deputy.

Clerks of the Works Seven. At White-mil One. I At Andteycnd One. At Greenwich One. At Kofi,pen One. At Winder One. J Store-keeper ziKenfingtcn On!' At Hampton-Cour! One. Mafon. (Carver. Carpenter. Glafrer. Sergeant-Painter. Piaiilerer. Sergeant-Plummer. Coffee,Tea,and Chocolate- Bricklayer, maker. Joyner. Blackfmith. Other Tradesmen

Drapers to the Wardrobe!. Bdokfeller. Watch-maker. Principal Secretaries bf State, Ttvo. His hlajefly’s Domeilick Servants belonging to the Law are divers ; of which fee among the Lifts. Part II. of ENGLAND. 177

See next the Lifi of His Majeftfs Officers and Servant4 under the Mafter of the Horje. AVcner and Cl-rk-Marlhal. Sal. zCa l. per An. Equerries Five, of which the firft'is Gentleman of the Ilorle. Sal. to each 1 y6 l. fir An. Pages of Honour, Three. Sal. to each 15S per An. Sergeant of the Carriages. Sal. 861. per An. Mafter of the St ads. Sal. 16 l. per An Surveyor of the Highways. Sal. 8a /. per An. Surveyors of the Stables, Three ; each no I. Riding Surveyor ; 30 I. Clerk of the Avery ; Sa !. t Yeoman of the Stirrup ; 68 l. per An. Yeoman Riders, Two ; each 13 si per An. Clerk of the Stables ; 214/.

Yeoman Farriers, Two; 48 /. Groom Farriers, Two ; each a 3 !. Efquire Sadler ; 18 /. Yeoman Sadler; 183 l. Groom Sadler; 58 /. Coach-maker ; 36 /. Purveyors and GranitorsTwo ; to each 47 I. Gentleman Armourer 531/. Riding Purveyors, Three ; aao l. ifapj-Iveepers, Two ; 36 /. Three Stable-Keepers ; to each r 2 /. Two Yeomen of the Carriages; to each iS l. Six Coachmen ; to each 73 /. Four Chairmen ; toeach 36 I.per An. Twenty one Grooms ; to each 54 /. per An. One Bottle-Groom; S4 /. One Page of the BackStairs 331/. One Meirenger; 15 /. One Porter of the Meat t 18 l. Thera 178 El)e ipjctnu State Part IF, Tlier* is (befides fome other Officers not here named) an ancient Officer in the King’s Houfhold, called Clerk of the Market ; who within the Verge of the King’s fioulhold, is ro keep a Standard of all Weights and Meafures, and to burn all falfe Weights and Meafures: And from the Pat- tern of his .Standard are to he taken all the Weights and Meafures of the Kingdom. Note, That fane of theje Officers .ire not ftbordinate to oth.r Officer, hut ,m immediately defendant on the King ; as Ms. j'.er of the Great Wardrobe, he. Ill tl'.e Court of King ’James the Firft, there were many more officers; and to many Offices there belonged many more Perfons; which King Charles the firffi, and King Charles the Second, and King James the Second, much let fened, and the prefent King now reigning, hath yet leffen- ed much more. Upon the King are alfo attending in his Court, the Lords of the Privy-Council, the reverend Judges, the learned Col¬ lege of Civilians, the Mailers of Requelfs, Clerks of the Signet, Clerks of the Council, Keeper of the Paper-Office, or Papers of State, fire.

The Sergeant anti Office of Trumpets of the King's \ Hoiijholel. Sergeant Trumpet ; his Sal. 1G0 1. per Annum. Kettle-Drum One. ’ There are in all Sixteen Trumpets inOrdinary, the lad of which is in the Power of the Sergeant to place in whom lie pleafeth, either his Servant or his Son. Each of the Sixteen Trumpets and Kettle-Drum have; t. a Day.

Of the Military Government of the Kings Court.

AT home within the K'ng’s Houfe it is thought fir, that the King’s l’erfcn Ihould have a Guard both above and below Stairs. la j

18 o Etje p jtfeM £>tate Part H. Fatfi, at which times his Majefty nfually confers the Honour of Knighthood on two fuch Gentlemen of the Band tha the Captain doth prefent. Their ordinary Arms are Gilt Pole-Axes. Their Arms on Horfeback in time of War, are CuiralK- ers Arms with Sword and Piftols. Their Standard born in time of War, is, d Crofs Cubit a Field Argent.

Of the Yemen of the Guard. A Gain in the firft Room above Stairs, called the Gmrl. Chamber, attend the Yeomm of the Guard if hit ilajff; Bed/ ; whereof there were wont to be two hundred aid fifty Men of the beft Qualiry under Gentry, and of lar¬ ger Stature than ordinary, (for every one of them was to be fix Foot high.) There are at prefent one hundred Yeomen in daily waiting, and feventy more not in waiting ; and as any one of the hundred (hall die, his Place is to be fill’d up ait cf the Seventy. Thefe wear Scarlet Coats down to the Knee, and Scarlet Breeches, both richly guarded with black Velvet, and rich Badges upon their Coats, before and be¬ hind. Moreover, Black Velvet round broad-crown’d Caps, (according to the mode ufed in the Reign of Htnry Vlllj with Ribbands of the King’s Colour : One half of them of dare bear in their Hands Harquebuzes, and the other halt Pairizans, with large Swords by their lides. They liaie Wages and Diet allow'd ’em. Their Office is to wait up¬ on the King in his Banding Houles, Forty by Day, anil Twenty to watch by Might; about the City, to wait upon the lung's Perfon abroad by Water or Land.

Of the Troops of the Houjholi: Ani frfl of the Horfe-Guards. THE Guards of fJorfe, which the Spaniards cal] Guardis dc a Gavailo ; the Frer.ch, Guards du Corps ; the Germv, I itjfgnardy ; and we Life-Guard: That is, the Guards of •he King’s Body do conlift of Eight hundredUorfcmen, well part If. of E N G L A N D. 18 r aim'd and equipp’d ; and are fur the mod part Reform’d Oificers,and young Gentlemen of very conliderable Fami¬ lies, who are there made fit for Military Commands. They are divided into Four Troops. To each Troop of Guards there now is added by Ffla'oiifh- ment, a Troop of Grenadiers, confiding of Sixty Four Men, belt Jos Officers, which is commanded by the Captain of the Troop of Guards.to.wJiom it belongs. bach of tltefe Ejlpr. Troops are divided into Four. Squa¬ dron; or Divilions: sJEivo of which confiding of One hun¬ dred Gentlemen, and commanded by one Principal Com- milfion’d Officer, two Brigadiers, and two Suh-firigadicrs, with two Trumpets, mou.ic’the Guard one Day in fix, sod are reliev’d in their Turns. Their Duty is always by Par¬ ties from the Guard to attend the Perfon of the Ki>% and Sysar., the SJttren Drawer!-, and the Primi and Prsssc-.fs whcrc- foever they go near home ; but if out of 1’own, they are mended by Detachments our of FourTroops. Betides this, there is a more drift Duty and attendance weekly on the King's Perfon on Foot, wherefuever he walks, from his Riling to his going to bed ; and this is perform’d byone of the Four Captains, who always waits immedi¬ ately next to the Et.j’r own Perfon, before all others, car¬ rying in bis Hand on Messy Stajf or Trssischeets, with a Gold Head, engraven with his Majedy’s Cypher and Crown: Neat him all'o attends another Principal Commiffion’d Officer,with an Ebony Hits}}) and Silver Head,^ who is ready to telieve tfie gidiers, having likewife Ebony Steves, headed with Ivory, and engraven as the others. OneDivilion of Grenadiers mounts with a Divifion of the Troop to which they belong ; they goout on i’mall Parties from the Guard, perform Century-duty on Foot, and attend the Ksnr alfo on Foot, when he walks abroad, and always march with great Detachments. i8z SElje picfnit &tate Part II.

The Tay of the fait! Guards of Horfe is as fol- lowetb, viz. THE Captain's Pay of the Firft Troop of Guards is si. sos. per Mem. The other Three Captains their Pay is to each 11, A Lieutenant’s Pay of the Guards is IJ s. per Him. A Cornet’s Pay of the King’s Troop is s^s. per Metis. Of each of the other two Troops is 13 r. per Mem. A Guidon’s Pay is r 2 r. per Mem. A Quartermafler s Pay is 9 s. per dim. A Chaplain’s Pay is 6 s. 8 d. per diem. A Chirurgcon’s Pay 6 s. and his Cheft-Horfe a s. in all 8 s. per diem. A brigadier’s or Corporal’sPay of the King’s Troop, is 7 Of each of the other two Troops is 6 s. per Mem. A Truijipererand Kettle-Drummer, each is 5 s. per dim, A Sub-Corporal, or Sub-Brigadier’s Pay is but equal to 1 Gentleman of the Troop, viz. 4 s. per diem.

/fhe Tay of the G ranadiers of Horfe is asfollaweth. ' A Lieutenant’s Pay is 8 s. per Mem. A Sergeant’s Pay is 4 s. per Mem. A Corporal’s Pay is 3 s. per Mem. A Hautboy’s and Drummer’s Pay is zs. 6 H, per Mem. A private Soldier’s Pay is 2 s. 6 d. per diem. As to the Precedency of the refpeftive Officers of his Majedy’s Guards of Horfe, by their Commiffions, the Cap¬ tains always command as eldell Colonels of of Horfe ; the Lieutenants as eldell: Lieutenant-Colonels of Horfe; the Cornets and Guidons, as eldeH Majors of Horfe ; the Quit- termallcrs as younged Captains of Horfe; the Brigadiers, as elded Lieutenants of Horfe; and amengft themfelves every Officer, according to the Date of his Commiflion when on D=- PartII. of ENGLAND. t8; Detachments, but not when the Three Troops march wirli their Colours ; for then the Officer of the elded; Troop commands thofeof equal Rank with him in the others, tho’ their Commiffions be of elder Date. Next immediately after die Four Troops of Guards, his Majefty’s Regiment of Horfe, commanded by the Right Honourable Aubrey Eatl of Oxford, takes place, and the Co¬ lonel of it is to have Precedency after the Captains of the Guards, and before all other Colonels of Horfe, whatfoever Change may be of the Colonel, and all the Officers thereof, in their proper degree, are to take place according to the Dates of their Commiffions. As to the Foot, the King’s own Regiment of Guards takes place of all other Regiments, and the Colonel rheie- of is always to precede as the firft Colonel. The Coldftream Regiment takes the next place. The third Regiment next immediately after. Then his Majefty’s Holland Regiment, and all other Colonels according to the Dates of their Corn- millions. All other Regiments of Horfe or Foot, not of the Guards, take place accordingto their relpctUve Seniorities, from the time they were firft raifed ; and no Regiment lofes its Pre¬ cedency by tbe Death or Removal of its Colonel.

Of Offences committed within the Verge if the Kings Coii't. T"HE King’s Paha Royal (ratione Regie dignitatis) is ex- 1 empted from aii Juril'diftion of any Court, Civil or tccleliaftical, but only of the Lord itova,-.t, and in ifs Alifence, of the Trenftrer ana Laimnuer 01 tne hum s Hom- hold, wirli the Steward of the Ma-jhatfeo, who may, by virtue of their Office, without Commiffion, heat and determine all Treafons, Felonies, Broaches oj she Peace, committed within the King’s Court or Palace. The mod excellent Orders and Rules of the Demeanour and Carriage of all Oiffcers and Servants in the King’s Court, are to be Teen in leveral Ta¬ bles hung up in feveral Rooms at the Court, and lign'd with the Kings own Hand, and worthy toberead of all Stranger . 184 SRk S>tate Part II. The King’s Court, or Houfe where the King refideth, is accounted a place fo facred, that if any Man prefume to ftrike another within the Palau where the King’s Royal Per- fon reiiderh, and by fuch a Stroke pnly draw Blood, his Right Hand (hall be ftrickenoftj and he committed to per- perual Imprisonment, and lin’d. By the ancient Laws of Big!.md, only ftriking in the King’s Court, was punifh’d with Death and Lofs of Goods To make rite deeper Jmprelfion and Terror into Mens Minds for ftriking in the King’s Court, it hath been order’d, That the Punilhment for ftriking Ihou’d be executed with great Solemnity and Ceremony, in brief thus : iSuniffjmrnt foj Unking in flje&ing’u Court. The Sergeant of rhe King’s Wood-Yard brings to the place pf Execution a Equate Block, a Beetle, Staple and Cords to fallen rhe Hand thereto; the Ytimtm of the StuUery pro¬ vides a great Fire of Coals by the Block, wherein the Scar¬ ing Inns, brought by the chief Farrier, are to be ready for the chief Chirurgm: to ufe ; Vinegar and cold Water, brought by the Groom of the Smteery; the chief Orticers al- fo of the Cellar and Pantry are to he ready-, one with a Cup of Red Wine, and the other with a Mandiet, to offer the Criminal., The Set gam: of rhe Entry is to bring Unmn to wind about, and wrap the Arm ; the Tcm.m of the Poultry a ■ Cock to lay ro it; the of the Chandlery, Seared Clothes; the MaJIer Cook a lharp Drelfer-Knifc, which at the place of Execution is to be held upright by tbe Scrgc.ms of rhe Lai- der, till Execution be perform’d by an Officer appointed thereunto, ire, After all, fliall be imprifon’d during Life, and lin’d, and ranfom’d at the King’s Will. In rne King's Courr, not only ftriking is forbidden, but al- fo ail Occalions of ftriking ; and therefore the Law faith, Nnllai Citatimc: mil Snnmcmtiones Hess faun infra Pabtim Rsgis, apliri Weftm. v.7 alibi ubi Re:: refb'e:. Finally, The Court of England mas for Government and exabt Accompts, he a Pattern to ail the Courts m the World.

CHAP, Part II. of ENGLAND. i8y

CHAP. XVI.

Of the QUEEN’S Court. The RVEEN'i Court, tollable to the Confort of fo great a KIN G, is Splendid and Magniii* Her Majefty hath all Officers, arid a Houlhold apart from the King; for the Maintenance whereof there is ufually fettl’d 4.0000 l. per Annum. Seethe Lijls of the Officer! and Servjtitr of the Lite Queer. Mary of Blcjfed Memory ; and liktmifeef the Queen Dowa¬ ger ; their Royal High lefts the Prim and I’rincefs ; ,v:d of his Htglmejs the Duke of Glocefter.

CHAP. XVII. Of tb; Civil Government of England in the refpe- dive Courts of JutliuHtirr, amlfhfof the Court of Jtifrice, cull’d the' K. IN G’s-B E N CI I. FOR the Execution of Laws, after the Houle of Lords in Parliament, the highelt Court in England ;n Common Law, is the Kings-B.mh, i'o call’d, becaufc anciently the King fometimes there late in perfou on a high Bench, and Lis Indues on a low Bench at his Feet, to whom the Judicature belongs in the alienee of the King. in tins Court are handl’d the l’leas of the Crown, all tilings that concern the Lofs of Life or Member of any Subject; for then the King is concern’d, bccaule the Life and Limbs ot the Subjeft belong only to the Kina ; fo that the lusts here are between the King and the bnbjed. Here are handl'd all Tre.j'ons, I'ehnies, Br.aeh f Peace, Oppn-Jion, ■V'ftsvi 1 itc. This Court moreover hath power to the Judges and Jultices of England in their Judgments and Proceedings; and this, not only in Pleas of rite Crown, 186 SC^c p?efc«C PartIL but in all Pleas Real, Perioral and Mix’d, except only fa the Exchequer. In this High Court fit commonly Four Grave Reverend Judges; whereof the firit is filled the Lord Chief Inflict ,f the Kixg's-Bemh, and is created not by Patent, but by j £hort Writ, thus : A. II. Mile’ti, falutem. Sciatis quod cm- pituitma -nos 'jusliciarium noflrum Capitakm, ad Placita co- ram nobis tenenda, quam diuje bensgeferis. Tefle mtipfo aped Weftm. The reft of the Judges of the Kings-Bcnch hold their Places by Letters-Patents, in thefe Words ; Rex omnibus ad aim {reflates litere pervenerint, falutem. Sciatis quod confix tuimns dileftitm & jidelem A. B. Militem, arum Jufliciariorum, ad Placita coram nobis ttnener.da, durante bene ptacito nofn. Tefie, &c. . Thefe Judges, and all the Officers belonging to this Court, have all Salaries from the King, and the chief of them have Robes and Liveries out of the great Ward¬ robe. In this Court all young Lawyers that have been call’d to the Bar, are allow’d to plead and praftife. This Court may grant Prohibitions to keep other Courts, both Ecclefiaftical and Temporal within their Bounds and duejurifdiftion. Thejurifdiftion of this Court is general, and extendeth to all England: is more uncontroulable than any other Court, ffor the Law prefumes, that the King is always there in Per foil.,) None may be Judge in this Court,unlefs he be a Sergeant of the Degree of the Coif; that is, a Sergeant at Law, who upon taking this high Degree, is oblig’d to wear a Lawn Coif under his Cap, forever after. Thejurifdiftionof this Lord Chief Jufice is very great over all England, and even in Parliament time, the Lords fometimes waving their own Power, have direfk-d him to fend his Warrant to feize Perfons fufpefled of Capital Part II. of ENGLAND. 187

Of the High Court of CHANCERY. NExt to the King’s-Bench in Wiflmivflcr-Hall, is wifely placed this High Court, .to mittigate the Rigour of that; it is Curia CanccIlarU ; bccaufe, as lome think, the Judge of this Court fate anciently ir.tra Car.cello;, or Latices, as the Eaft end of our Churches, being leparated per Con¬ cedes, from the Body of the Church, as peculiarly belonging to the Prieft, were thence called Chmcels. This Court is the Offkim JuJIitU, the Womb of all out Fundamental Laws, the Fountain of aU our Proceedings in Law, the Original of all other Courts. It is as ancient as the Civility of the Nation, though perhaps by another Name. This Court proceeds, either ordinarily, according to the Laws, Statutes, and Cuftoms of the Nation, and in Lr.in, granting out Writs Mandatory and Remedial: Writs of Grace ; or elfe according to Equity and Continence, and by Englif Bill ; fo that the Chancery hath Two Courts in one} the Equitable part is by Bills, Anfsvers, and Decrees, to examine Frauds, Combinations, Trulls, Secret Ufes, &c. to moderate the Rigour of the Laws, and relcue Men cut of the Hands of their Opprellors: To relieve a Man,efpe- cially in Three things', viz. againft Cheats, unfortunate Ac¬ cidents, and Breaches of Trull. Out of this Court are iliiied out Writs, ot Summons for Parliaments, Edifts, Proclamations, Charters, Prorefii- ons, Safe-condufls, Writs of Modern:a Mijcrieordia, when any perfon hath been amerced too high, and for a real'ona- ble part of Goods for Widows and Orphans, Patents for Sheriffs, Writs of Certiorari to remove Records and I'alie Judgments in inferiour Courts, Writs of /iudi:a!z.[hreh, and Scire facias: Here are lealed and enrolled Letters Patents, Treaties and Leagues with Foreign Princes, Deeds between Party and Party, touching their Lands and Ellates, or l'ur- chafers taking Recognizances, and making of Extents up¬ on Statutes and Recognizances for payment of Money, or fecuring of Contra&s, Writs Remedial or Magirterial, Corn- millions of Appeal, Oyer and Terminer, cj-c. The Court of Common-Pleas, which are betwixt Subjett and Subjetf, hath its Original and Commiflion from the Chancer/, and cannot hold Pleas without it. Lor 188 Wbt pjffrnt State Part II, For the Latin part of this Court, are the Tiventy four Cur/iters ■ and for the Englijh part are the Six Clerks. The Court of Equity, that proceeds not according to Law, is no Court of Record, and therefore binds only the Perfon, not h is Lands or Goods. <£ljanrrll0,z.] The Judge of this Court is the Lord Chancellor, or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England. He is here the foie Judge, whereas in other Courts there are three or four Judges: but he may, and doth often, in cafes of greater weight and difficulty, in cafes of Law, call dome of the other Judges to his Affiftance , and therefore it is laid, this Office may be diicharged by one that is no ‘profeffed Lawyer, as it was almoft always anciently ; and fo of later times by Sir Gbri/hplier Hatton,md after by lit.William Bifhop of Lincoln, to their great Praife and Commendation. This is the higheft Office in England that a Lay-man is ca¬ pable of: and die Chancellor, under the King, is Magifrt- turn,, omnium Ant, Ita. Chief of ail Magilhates. Anciently the Lord Chancellor had fometimes his Vice- chancellor, commonly called Kafir of tk Great Seal, but of larcr times they differ only in Name. In France, he that is made Chancellor, is durante vita, his Place cannor Oe fallen away, although the Seals piay. It is fnid there, that lie is fo to attend to the foie Inte- refl of the King and People, that he mull not he fenlible of any Relations,‘or oriur Conlideration ; and therefore may for the King himfelf. Chancellors have been in England, as the Learned Sir William Degdale finds, as foon as Chriilianity was embraced by the Saxons. The Chancellor is faid ro be Keeper of the King's Con¬ ference, to judge fecmdmn ecquum & himm, according to E- quity and Confidence ; lie is to moderate the to r.%m, the exalt Rigour and Letter of the Law, whereun- to other Judges are ftriftiy eyed ; for the Princes of this Realm in imitation of the KING of Kings, gov erning the . World byJulHce and Mercy) have erefted two Supreme Tribunals together, at the upper-end of Weilminfler-Hil, one of Justice, whesein nothing but the drift Letter of the Law is obferved ; and tile ocher of Mercy, wherein the Ri¬ gour of tile Law is tempered with the- fwcetnefs of Equity, which IS nothing die hut Mercy qualifying the Sharpnefiof i/a/tor. This Part II. »f ENGLAND. 189 This Court being a Court ot Confcience, the lets it is p»rplexed with the Quirks of Lawyers, the more it i* nuidcd by Confcience ami Equity; and therefore in all former times, the Judges of this Court were cliofen out of the Clergy, able Divines, who by their Skill in the Law of God and of Nations, were bed able to judge according to Moderation and Equity, and molt willing to execute ac¬ cordingly, alfo thought fitteft to dilpofe of the King's Spiritual Benelices. Belides, when this High Office was given to Bilhops and Clergymen, and thereby Wealth and a publick Spirit ufually conjoyned: What great publick Afts of Piety and Charity were done by them for this Nation ? To mention only m Oxford ; What Noble and Rich Foundations are Chrift-Ckmch,Magdalen’s, Ku-Cip, and Marlon-CoIIcgt ? All founded by Bilhops that were Chancellors. The manner of proceeding in this Court, is much like that in the Courts of the Civil-Law, the A&ions by Bill or Plaint, the Wirncffics examined in private, the De¬ crees in Englijl> or Latin , not in bench. No Jury of the Twelve Men, but all Sentences given by Judge of the Court. Staffers Of Cijancerp.J The Chancellor, or Lord Keeper, hath Twelve Alliilants, anciently called Clcrici, Clerks, or M.gijlri Cmallariec, becaufe they were ufually all in Holy Orders, and Doftors of Laws ; for Mailer and Do¬ ftors were anciently the fame, as at this day, a Doitor in the Arts, is called Magifttr in Artibns ; and lometimes they Staffer Of ttjc Soil*.] The firft of thefe is the Ma¬ tter of iheRslls: in Latin, ammram »™»« » awfjfler, fy called from the Cnajlpel wnerem me Rom. arc Kept : Ic is a place of great Dignity, and is In the Gift of the King, •either for Life, or during Ids Majcfly's Pieafure ; and this Officer hath Jure Officii, the Gift of thole conliderable Of¬ fices of the Six Clerks in Ch.:mtry, bath the keeping of the Rolls, hath all the Home of the Gw -erted Jem, now called the Rod’; and, in rhe ahlence of the Chancellor, heats Caules there, and makes Orders, by Virtue of a CommilB- on, with Two Mailers, and that Jure Officii. When lie fits in rhe Lords Houle in Parliament, he fits next to the Lord Chief Julfice of England, upon the fecond Wooll-fack. One 190 ETIjc pjcfent State PartH. One Reafon why the Mailers of Chancery were ever Cm. Urns, may be, becaufe for all Caufes almoll imaginable, fonie Law, or Cafe conformable thereunto, may be fetch¬ ed, by a good Civilian, out of that Law of Laws, called the Civil-Laic. Another may be, becaule the Chancery, more ancient than any other Courtof England, (for all 0- riginal Writs and Commiffions whereupon the other Courts do ground all their Proceedings, proceed from thence,) hath probably been taken from the Civil-Laic, as divers points of Proceedings, not ufed in Cmmm-Laa Courts, as the De¬ fendants anfwering to the Bill, and fometimes to the Inter¬ rogatories upon Oath, though to the acculing of a Man’s felf in divers matters damageable and penal; the whole matter of Publication, the Depofition of WitnelTes upon Interorgatories, and in fcrfetaam rei memoriam, the Term and tile of Final Decree, and many other Points differ¬ ing from the Csmmn-Law, and wholly agreeing with'the Civ: l-Law. This Court is always open, whereas all the others are ihut, but only in Term-time; lo that if any Man be wrong¬ fully imprifoned in the Vacation time, out of the Term, the Lord Chancellor may grant his Writ of Habeas Corftii, and do him Jullice according to Law : So likewife may this Court grant Prohibitions in time of Vacation, as well as

The Salary of the Mailers in Chanter], is One Hundred Pounds to each of them, paid out of the Exchequer quar¬ terly, belides Robe-Money. Thefe Mailers do fit at tVeSl- viimici -Hall with the Lord Chancellor, or Lord Keeper, Three at a time in Temvtime, and Two at a time out of Term, when the Lord Keeper fits to hear Caufes at his own Houle. And to thele Mailers the Lord Keeper does often refer the further hearing of many Caufes, &c. Fur¬ thermore, they have a publick Office, where one or more of them do conltantly attend to take Affidavits, &c. The Houfe founded at firll for the Converted jem, was, after their Expulfion out of England, annex’d for ever to the Office of Mailer of the Rolls, where he hath the Cullo- dy of all Charters, Patents, Commiffions, Deeds, Recogni-- Tances, which being made up in Rolls of Parchment, gave occafion for thatName. At Partll. of ENGLAND. 191 At prefent there ate kept all the Rolls fince the begin¬ ning of Richard the Third : The reft are kept in the Timer of London. In his Gift are, bef.des the Six Clerks .Office, the Offi¬ ces of the Examiners, Three of the Clerks of the Petti¬ fog, and the Six Clerks of the Rolls Chappel, where the Rolls are kept. . Clerk Of tl)e Croton.] Next is the Clerk of the Crown. This Office is of high Importance ; he is either byhimftlf, or Deputy, continually to attend the Lord Chancellor, or Lord Keeper, for fpecial Matters of State, and hath a place in the higher Houfe of Parliament: He makes all Writs for Eleftion of Members of Parliament, fitting in the Par¬ liament, upon Warrant direfted to him upon the Death or Removal of any Membei ; and alfo Commiffions of Oyer apd Terminer, Gaol-delivery, Commiffions of Peace, and many other Commiffions dillributingjuftice to his Ma jelly’s Subjefts: Which Office is executed by a Deputy. Protonotary of this Court. This Office is chiefly to expedite Commiffions for Embaffies. It is executed by a Deputy. Clerk of the Hamper or H.inaper, fametime {piled Warden of rhe Hanaper; xvhofe Office to receive all the Money due to the King for die Seals of Charters, Patents, Ccmniil- flons, and Writs, and to attend the Keeper of the Seal daily in Term-time, and at all times of Sealing, with Leather Bags now (but anciently probably with Hampers) wherein are put all fealed Charters, Patents, &c. and then thofe Bags delivered to the Comptroller of the Hamper. Warden of the Fleet, or Keeper of tile Fleet Prifii;, is an Officer very coniiderable. He is to take care of the Prifo- ners there, who are commonly fuch as are fent thither from this Court, for Contempt to the King or his Laws, or fuch as will not pay their Debts, &c. Sergeant at Arms; xvhofe Office is to bear a Gilt Mace before the Lord Chancellor or Keeper, for the time being. Six Clerks are Officers of great, Account, next in degree to theTwelve Mafters in Chancery, whole Office is to inroll Commiffions, Pardons, Patents, Warrants, ire. that are palfed the Great Seal. They were anciently Clerici, and afterwards forfeited their Places if they did marry, till by Aft of Parliament, in the time of Henry the Eighth, they Were allowed to take Wives. f92 &U fetflte Part n. They are alfo Attorneys for Plaintiffs and Defendants, in Caufes depending in this Court. They keep their feveral Offices at a place called the Six Clerh Office in Chcmcery-lam, and conffiantly keep Commons together Under:r the afore-named Six Clerks, there are Sixty o- ther Clerks, viz. Ten to each of the Six Clerks, and who, with their Under-Clerks, difpatch the Bufinefs of that Of. fee. Some of thefe Sixty do feverally get four, five, or fix Hundred Pounds per Jnnmn, or more. Examiners inC hancery there are Two. TheirOffice is to examine the Witnefies on their Oaths in any Suit on both (ides. This Office alfo is executed at the Mr. Clerks ol'thc Pctry-bag in Chancery are Three. They are under the Mailer of the Ms: Their Office is to make all Patents for Cuftomers, Comptrollers, all Cmge it Effires, firflr Summons of Nobility, Clergy, Knights, Citi¬ zens and Burgefles to Parliament, t>r. The Subpoena office is to iffue out Writs, to fummon per- fons to appear in Chancery. clerk of the Patents, or Letters Patent, under tire Great Seal of England. The Principal Regifier of the Court of Chancery. This Of¬ fice is kept at Symmd's Inn in Chancery-lane. Clerk of the Reports, Keeper of t/ie Old Book, and of one of the Entry-Books. The Office for filing all Affidavits in the fame Court of Chancery is an Office granted by Letters Patent. This Office is now kept at Symm.i's-Snn in Chancery-lane. Ctcrfum Office in the Chancery, is to make out Original Writs ; they were anciently called Clerici Je ctirfu : Of thefe thefe are Twenty four, whereof each one hath certain Counties and Cities allotted to him, into which they make out inch Original Writs as arc required. Thefe Clerks are a Corporation of tliemlelves, who execute thefe Offices by themfelves, or by their Deputies. The General Office of the Curjitort is kept near Limalns- bin. That for London and Middlefex, at Spimds-hm in Chancery- Secretary of the Prefentation of Spiritual Benefices. Part II. of ENGLAND. m

Almauon Ojjic;. THcre is alio an Office called the Aiicmtim Office, where- unto all Wrirs of Covenants and Entry, whereupon Fines are levyed and Recoveries fuffercd, are carried to have Fines for Alienation fer and paid thereupon. This Office is executed by three Commiffioners. In all are Counted Sev-entyTwo Officers under the Lord Cl'MCillor or Urd Ktc^r.

lie Court of Common-Pleas. ,'J’HE next Court for Execution of Laws, is the Court of ufual Pleas between Subject and Subjeft. Some lay, this Courr, as well as other Courts, was at iirft held in the King’s Houle, wherefoever he redded ; but by the Statute Magna Clurea, it was ordained, That this Court Humid not be Am¬ bulatory, but be held at a certain place, and that hath been cm may plead in this Court, and King lhall appoint, ate bound ave any Caulc depending in that etifo fl-.-Ja 1 ocher Courts, as all Prohibitions, as the Court of the The chief Judge in this Court, is called the Lord chief Juflicc of the CopMon-rkas, or of the Ccmmn-Bsach, holdeth his Place by Letters Patent tjuamdiu Jc bnugcjfcrit, and lo do the other inferior Judges of this Courr, whereof there are commonly Three. In this Court all Civil Caufes,Keal and Perfonal, are ufual" !y tryed, according to the (Friti Rule of the Law. Real Aftions are pleadable in no other Court, nor Fines levied, or Recoveries fufftred, bur only at this Court at Wlft- at a Judges Chamber, at the AfTizes, or by fpecul Commiflion out of Cbanary. Q % The 194 STljc pjefcnt 6fnte PaxtII, The King allows to the Lord Chief Jalfice of this Court, a Fee, Reward, Robes and Two Tun of Wine, as is dons to the Lord Chief Jaifici of the otherBench ; alfo to the » ther Judges of this Court; and to four Serjeants is allow'd Fees,' Reward, and Robes to each one- In the \ith. and nth of Eduard III. there were Eight Judges belonging to the Common-Pleas; at other times Seven, Six and Five ; and fo in the time of Henry VI. and U- ward IV. but fince ufually but Four, as at this day. Before rhe Reign of Queen Mary, thefe and the reft of the Twelve Judges rode upon Mules, and not Upon Hor- fes, as they now do in great State, at the beginning of tit Term. Then there is an Officer call’d Cafes Bnviam, the fed Clerk of the Court, whofe Office is to receive and keep all Writs returnable in that Court, to receive of the Protono¬ taries all the Records of Nift Print, Call’d Pejlea't. Hehold- erh his flace by Patent from the King, and hath the Gift of the fccond r’rotonorary’s Place, and of the Clerk of die There are three Prrronoraries, a Word compounded of Greek and La-in, (Tucli with the Ancients were ufual) and fignifies the lull Notaries; they are chief Clerks of this Court, and by their Office ate to enter and enroll all De¬ clarations, Pleadings, (which the Filazsn did formerly promifcuoully do) A (Tires, Judgments, and Aftions; to make out Judicial Writs, ire. for all Engtijh Coun¬ ties except Monmouth. Thefe confiderable Offices are in the Hands of Three. In whofe Offices all the Attorneys of the Court of Cm- mn-P/ear do enter their Caufe;; each of the faid Protono- dries hath a Secondary , whofe Office is to draw up the Ruiesof Court, andtodo other matters relating to theBu- finefs of *e Court. Thefe Secondaries are commonly the ancienteft and abieft Clerks or Attorneys of the Court. The Chirograoher (alfo from two Greek Words, fignifying to acknowledge a Debt, by fating ones Hand) isanOf- licer who ingrolfeth Fines acknowledged, ire. He holdeth his Place all'o by Parent. In this Office there are feveral Clerks, who have their fe- veral Counties allotted them, and for which they are to cngrols the Fines levied of Lands in their relpeftive Di- Part It of ENGLAND. i9y The Rtgifter of the Fine-Office-, which Office is the only proper Place for fearching for Fines, they not being per- fea till they are brought thither and recorded. A Clerk of the Proclamations. All thefe Protonotaries and Chirograplrer aforementioned, fit in the Court, crown’d with black round Caps, accord¬ ing to the Mode, immediately before the Invention of Hats, which was lincethe beginning of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth. Moreover, they are all fworn, and have their Of¬ fices for Life, as a Free-hold. There are in this Court Three Offi:ers unfworn, and hold their Places durante bmt platito. 1. One Clerk of the Treafury, who hath the Charge of keeping the Records of this Court, and makes out all Re¬ cords of Niji prim, and divers other things. This Office is in the Gift of the Lord Chief ’justice. 2. The Clerk of the Enrollments of Fines and Recore- ries is, by Statute, under the Three puifne Judges of this Court, and removable at their Pleafure. Note, that the Enrollment of the Fines and Recoveries, or any part thereof, by Stat. 23 Eliz. Chap. 3. is of as good Force and Validity in Law, to all Intents and Purpofes, forfn much of any of them fo enroll’d, as the fame being extant and remaining, were, or ought by Law to be: The general Neglett where¬ of in this Kingdom hath occalion’d many Law-Suits, and hath prov’d in procels of time exceeding dangerous to many Mens Eftares. 3. The Clerk of rhe OmUmies, whomakes out the Writs of Capiat Utlegatum (after the Parties arc return’d Out¬ lawed) ill the Name of the King’s Attorney, whofe Deputy he is pro tempore. There are FiveCkrb or Open more. 1. Clerk of the King’s Silver, unto whom every Fine or Final Agreement upon Sale of Land is brought, after it hath been with the Cuflot Brniium, and who makes an Entry of what Money is to be paid for the King’s rife, executed by a Deputy. 2. Clerk of the Warrants, executed by a Deputy, who entieth all Warrants of Attorney for PlantifF and De¬ fendant, and enralleth all Deeds acknowledg’d before any of the Judges of this Court. 0 a 3. A 19

Of the Court of Exchequer. TIIE next Court of Execution of Laws, is the Exckqttrr; fo call'd, as tome think, from J Cliiautr-wmighf Carnet, covermi! rue Great j. aisle 111 that Court, (as the Court of Gieen-Cioth in the King’s Houfe, is fo call’d from the One,: Carnet) or clfiTfrom the French Word Fich-.f.'.ior, a Choi.-T.ir.rd ; becaufe the Accomptants in that Office were wont to ufe fitch Boards in their Calculation. Here are try ,i all Games wmen ueung to the King’s / a Diilmrjbmnts, Part II. of ENGLAND. 197 Cttflm:, and all Finer impos’d upon any Man. In this Court may lit, The Lord Trea arer, the Chancellor of ths Exchequer, ^ the Lord Chief 1 mu, and Three oilier Learn’d Judges, call’d Baron. of ’the Exchequer ; all'o one other Curjhor

But the Two firlt feldorn fir, and the Five fail. The tirft of thefe live is the principal . Court, and anfwers the Bur of the Bxrrijlcr; their Speech to him, takes R j 1 Debts, ire. Iris an (Mice of high Honou He is (fil'd Lard Chief Baron ; Tribmti, or jnr: lit prime, or Princep: ; is created by Letters Pi

Lord Chief Baron, the other three Baron: fup[ according to their Seniority; i»um I'm., the Curjitor of the Court, and adminifiers the Sh/rifi, mitr-Sbirip, Bailifs, Searchers, Sava: the CuJhm-Houlc; but is no itinerate Judge, one of the Twelve Judges. In the Exchequer are held two Courts, one another of Equity. All Judicial Proceedings according to Law, i98 , SC&e pjefrnt fetate Part II All the Twelve Judges belonging to thefe High Tri¬ bunals, fit in Robes and Square Caps, like Doftors of Di¬ vinity ; becaul'e (as foine fay) they were anciently moll: commonly Clergy-Men and Doftors, Bilhops or

A Lift of the fevtral Officers belonging to his Majeftfi Court of Exchequer. Stfje JJting’ff Kemtmtyancec’jr fDffice. After the Lord Treafurer, the Chancellor of the Exche enter, and the Barons of the Exchequer aforemention’d, the next Officer is the King’s Remembrancer : In whole Of. lice are eight fworn Clerks ; whereof Two are Secon¬ daries. In this Office are entred the States of all the Accompts concerning the King’s Revenue, for Cuftoms, Excife, Sub- fidies, and all Aids granted to the King in Parliament, and all other Accompts,of what nature foever, except Sheri® and Bailiffs Accompts; and alfo Accompts for Moneys im- ' praffed to any Perfon to perform Service for the King, concerning the King’s Revenue, either certain or cafual, all Securities either by Bonds or Recognizances, to the King’s Majefty by Jccempimts and Officers, for the faithful Exerci- ling of their Offices, and many of his Debts are taken here, All Proceedings upon any Statute by Information for Cu- Horn, Exciles, or any other Penal Law. All Proceedings upon the faid Bonds or Recognizances, or any other Bonds taken in the King’s Name, by Officers appointed thereun¬ to, under the Great Seal of England, and tranfmitted hither for Recovery thereof, are properly in this Office ; from whence iffue forth Procefs, tocaufe all Accomptants to come in and accompt. In the Court of Exchequer there being a Court of Equity, all Proceedings touching the fame, are in this Office ; with many other things concerning the King’s Revenue. This Office is in the King’s Gift. PartH. of ENGLAND. 199

Sttje ?Lojd SCreafuret’a JSUmembrancer’0 fflf&ce. Next is the Lord Treafurer's Resuemlrtmer ; whofe Office is to mike Procefs againft all Sheriffs, Receivers, Bayliifi, O'c. for their Accompts, and many other things of moment, as Epeas Rules, &c. All Charters and Letters Patent, whereupon any Rents are referv’d to the King, are tranfcri- bed and fent into this Office by the Clerk of the Pctry- Bag, to the end fuch Moneys as are thereby payable to his Majefty, may be tranfmitted to the Clerk of the pipe; and Procefs made to recover the fame by the Comptroller of the Pipe. Out of this Office Procels itfues to levy the ~.o l. fir Month due from Popifli Reculants, when convifled ; and alfo to feize the two Thirds of their Lands, when Schedules thereof are made by the Clerk of the Pipe, and tranfmitted hither. Out of this Office Procefs is alfo made to levy the King’s Fee-Farm Rents, ire. When the Auditors of the Revenue have made Schedules of fuch Arrears, and tranfmitted them to the Remwsbrsmeer, the States of all Impreft Accompts, and other great Ac¬ compts ; and other Accompts whatfoever are allb entred in¬ to this Office, as well as in the Office of the King’s Re¬ membrancer. In this Office there were heretofore Twelve fworn Clerks, whereof the Two fir ft were call’d Secondaries. This is alfo in the King’s Gift. All Accompts which pafs the Remembrancers Ojfcc, ate brought to the Office of the Clerk of the Pipe, and remain there, to the end that if there be any determin'd Debt due by any Accomptant, or any other Perfon jn any fuch Accompt, the fame may be drawn down into the great Roil of the Pipe, or the Pipes thereof, and by the Comp¬ troller of the Pipe taken into his Roll, verbatim with the great Roll; and Procefs may be made by hint for tho Reco¬ very thereof by a Writ, call’d the Smmmr.s cf the Ripe; which is in the nature of a Lraare facias. And if upon Summons of the Pipe, a Nichil be return’d by the Sheriff, then a Schedule is made of fuch Debts as are Nichllcd, and fent to the Treafurefs RamKlrcnucr,who makes a long Writ, and annexes the lame ro it ; which Writ is a Capias, Fieri Facias, cj- extendi Facias. All Tallies the Payn Accompts, a O 4 200 SCWjdfnt Part H, condary in the Pipe, and remain for ever after in this .Qtl’ce. All Accomprs of Sheriffs and Bailiffs, are made' up by the Clerks of the Pipe, and he gives them, and ail the other Accepts before-mention’d, their eji, i„ call ' The Clerk of the Pipe makes Leafes of the King’s Lauds, and extended Lands, when he is warranted fo to do by the Lord Tmfurcr and GbsmccUer of the Exchequer, or Lords Cmrtfmr, of the Tr.vjmy. And thefe Leafes are fa, timedireftedtol-c made under the Great Seal, hut for the mofr part pafs the Exchequer. He hath under him Light At- Comftiollcr of Hjc ©ipr,] He v n his Poll all

aY; s Office all the Officers of

leaded, a ox 0 1 , Pleas, ai Trials as at the Common Ur, bccaufe they ihould nor be drawn out of their own Court, where their Attendance is requir’d. In rhis Office there are Pour fsvorn Attorneys, forrilTll jfiCpnoflT.I His Office is to oppofe all Sheriffs upon the'Schedules of the Green Wax. This Office is kept in Orufs-Itr:. <£ it fit Of tiff C-ffmfX?.] His Office is to recei ve every ■Term the Efrcu:;, or Pxrracb out of the Office ofthefc- merd-rnneer of the Lord 7r:.:fi,-,r,md to write them OUt,tobe levied for the Kins ; ai’fo to make Schedules for fucll Sums Waretobedifcharu’d. 3tunif£yjffof tlje-Jlmpicaj Audit the great Accomprs of the King’s Cufloms, Wardrobe, Mint, PirH-Fruits, and Tenths, Naval and Military Fxpenccs, Moneys inv j^irtII- of ENGLAND. ioi Thcfe Audit all Accomps of the King’s Revenue, Hearth-Money, and Taxes given by Aft of Parliament. There are all'o leveral Receivers of the King’s Revenues, arillng from Lands and Rents, whole Accompts the Audi¬ tors do make up yearly. ■Utcmtnilpnrer of tlje jfirfrjfruitji] Takes ail Com- jolitions for Firft-Fruits and Tenths, and makes proccfs a- gainfl Inch as pay not the fame. This Office is kept in Auditor of tile Firft-Fruits. . Receiver of the. Revenue of the Firft-Fruits. The Bi- fnops are Collefiors of the Tenths, and accoir.pt annually ■®C}lUt)>r£l)am!)fr!aillSi.] There are all'o two other con- (IdcraHe Officers, call'd DqutyCh.viierUnis; in whole Of- are preferv’d all tile Counterfoils oftheTal- lies (whereof more anonj fo exaflly rank'd by Months and Years, that they may prefently be found out, to be join’d with their tefpe&ive Stock or Tally, when thereunto re¬ quir’d ; which being done, and prov’d true, they deliver the lame, attefted for a Lawful Tally, to the Clerk of the Pipe, for to be allow’d in the great Roll : But in cafe any Corruption hath been tiled, the fame is calily and foon dil'crwcr’tl. r.nd the Offender fevcrely punilh’d by Fine and Imf irifonment. ©Hjcr iiDffiffn).] There are moreoverdivers other Of¬ ficers, as Clerk of the Farccls, Clerk of the Kirfiils, the Marlhal, rhe_ chief Uiher of the Exchequer, whole Of¬ fice is an Office of Inheritance, Four under Uffiers, and Six Aleltengers, whofe Offices are all in the Gil'r of the Chief Ullier. He is alfo by Inheritance Pmlamuior of the Court of Ca:n:m-P!cr.i, and hath the Gift of all the Ufliers Part II, STlje gjefcnt j&tate Mrarii /Inglici Sfuxjhr : Or, Triham Mr arias Mis'. HE principal Officer is the Lord Treafurer. Sufnmt Then there are Two Chamberlains of the Exchequer, in He is moreover an Under-Treafurer, and hath the Gift He hath the Gift of the Comptroller of the Pipe, and Next Officer is the Chancellor of the Exchequer, who is alfo nue is receiv’d and disburs’d with admirable Or¬ der and Frugality. the Lower Exchequer, where the King’s Reve¬ There is one Secretary. But this Office is now executed by Comiffioners. wherein is dcicrib’d all the Lands of England, with the true Value, and their Owners Names; it was fix Yearsin making,

joi Hi' axes, ire there was no pla King (whereof many Mci though all good Chriftia

:11s, and entred in the Office of the find odg’d in his Office. He all'o by Warrant of ■er, makes Debentures to the federal Perfons, Annuities, or Penlions by Letters Patent: ’ out of the Exchequer, and direfts them for : Tellers. He receives every Day the State pt of each Teller ; and all'o w eekly certifies the Lent High Traijnrtr, or Lords Commiffio- nediately prefent the Ultimate or Balance to : makes half-yearly, n Mich,ulmufs uni Lady- call’d a Declaration, which contains a memo- of all Accomptsand Payments, made m the 'year, and delivers one of them to the Lord another to the Chuucclhr of the Exchequer. By he feveral Regillers appointed for paying all rfe upon feveral Branches of the King’s Re-

ire Four Tellers. e is to receive all Monies due to the Kinf throw down a Bill through a Pipe int 204 fflje fstate Part ft on a Tally, and then deliver the fame to be entred by 4 Clerk of rhe Pels, or his under Clerk, who there attends to enter it in his Book ; then the Tally is cloven by the T»o Deputy-Chamberlains, who have their Seals; and while 4 Senior-Deputy reads one part, die Junior examines the 0- ther parr tvirh rhe other Two Clerks. Clerk of the Petti: His Office is to enter the Tellers Bill into a Parchment-Skin (in Larin, Pettis, whence this Office hath its Name.) all Receipts and Payments for die King, for what Ciufe, or by whomfoever, and is in nature of 1 Comptroller; hath Four Clerks ; whereof one is for tit Imnitut, and another for the Exitm, In the Tally-Court fit the Deputies of the Two Cham¬ berlains, who cleave the Tallies, and examine each piece i- parr; alio rhe Tally-cutter attends there. A Tally in the Exchequer, from the French Verb, TaSiir, to cut, is a very ancient and mod certain way of avoiding all Cozenage in the King’s Revenue, the like no where c'Je in Chrifter.dm : And is after this manner : He that pays or lends the King any Moneys, receives for his Acquittance or Acknowledgment a Tally, which is 1 Stick, with Words written on it on both fides, containing the Acquittance proper to exprefs what the Money received is for, which being cloven al'under by the Deputy-Cham¬ berlains, one part thereof, called die Stick, is delivered to the Party that pays that Money, and the other part, called Counter-Stick, or Cauntcrfiil, remains with them, who af¬ terwards deliver it over ro the other Deputies, to be kept till it be called for, and joined widi the Stock; after which they fend it by an Officer of their own to the Fiji, to he applyedto thedifeharge of the Accomptant. This mod ancient way of drifting of Tallies, hath been found, by long experience, to be abfolutely the bed way that ever was invented ; for it is morally impofllble fo to fallilie or counterfeit a Tally, but that upon rejoyning it with the Counterfoil, ir will be obvious to every Eye, ei¬ ther in the Notches, or in the cleaving, in the Longitude or in the Latitude, in the natural Growth, or in the Shape of the Counterfoil : Whereas Acquittances in Writing can¬ not be fo done but that they may be counterfeited by skil¬ ful Penmen, m i that fo exaffly, as that he who wrote the Original Hull not be able to know his own Hand from the Counterfeit, as hath been frequently feen in all the Courts of mfimhijlcr. PthfF Part II. tf ENGLAND. 2of Other Officers in the Receipt of the Exchequer, arc the 0Ihers of the Receipt, a Tally-cutter, mui hour Meflen- gers of the Receipt. The Uflicr’s Duty is to take care to lecure the Exchequer by Day and by Njght, and all the A- venues leading to the fame, and to furniih all Necslfaries, as Books, Papers, &c. . By long continuance, and the wifeft contrivances, that the aided Men of many Ages could invent, die Exchequer of the King of England is become die beft ordered publick .Revenue in the World. Though rile number of Officers in the Exchequer is far greater than in any of the King’s Courts, yet not near fo great as the Ffv.nsr.'tr, and other Officers belonging to the Revenues of the French King, who are fo many, that their Fees eat up a very conlidtrable part of die whole Revenue: Whereas, for rewarding all the Officers in the Englijh Ex¬ chequer, whereof moil are ever Perfons of Eilates, Parts, and great Integrity, it coils the King a very inconliderable Sum of Money, as will eafilv appear to any one who Hull conlider, That in cale of a Gift from the King of Mo¬ neys or Peniion out of his. Exchequer, he due receives it pays but 5 /. fir Cent, among!! the Tellers, Auditors, Clerk of the Pcllt, and their Clerks ; and to all other Officers whaefoever ; and, which is remarkable, there goes not a- mongft the faid Officers and Clerks, fo much as $ s. per Cent, cut of publick Payments, as for the Navy, Ord¬ nance, Wardrobe, Mint, to the Cofferer, Trealurer cf die Chamber, ire. In cale of Moneys paid in by any of the lung’s Tenants, Receivers, &c. it colt them fometimes but 6 d. and at mod but 3 for every Payment under a Tlioufand Pounds, and that goes only to the Clerks for their pains in writing and attending. The bringing in of all Moneys to the King, coils his Ma- jelly, amongfl Receivers, Collectors, and all others in the Country, nor above a s. in rhe Pound ; and ar his Exche¬ quer it coils him, in a manner, nothing at ail ; For the Tel-

Th, 20 6 Zlje gjcfcnt &>tate PartH

lie Court of the 'Cotcl]-Chamber of Lancafter at Weltminfter. Plis Court takes Cognizance of all Caufes that any wav concern the Revenue belonging to that Dutchy, which hath been long fince annexed to the Crown. The chief Judge of this Court is the Chancellor of the Diachy, who is shifted by the Attorney of the Dutch], There are divers other Officers of this Court, as may Is feen among the Lifts. This Courc is kept at Wifiminpr , by the Lower &■ chequer. All the forementioned Courts of Judicature at Wtjl■ minjicr, are opened Four times a Year, called the far STfrms.J £/rfo 7b-w, which beginneth always the Se¬ venteenth Day arrer Eajtir, and Jaftetli Twenty feven Days. Trinity term begins the jth. day after Trinity Smutty, and egan heretofore a little after that Feaft, hut now by a late Statute, begins the 13d. of October and Wroth J7 days. ■Lailiy, Hilary Term, begins now ten days after St. Hilo- rr. or me atu. or -limitary, and lafterh twenty one days; The Four Terms in all conc'uius 105 days; from whence muft be dedutted about twenty Sundays and Holydays, wherein rue Courts lit not, fo that in one fourth part of the year, and that in one City, all conliderable Caufes of the greareft parr of Engl,mil, are fully decided and determi- neu : Vvnersas in Foreign Farts the Courts of Juftice are onen ail tm; icar. except high Holy-days, and Harveft time, anu mat in aiJ great Cities, This may feem therefore ftntnge to all foreigners, till they know that the £>!# have always been given more to Feaceablenefs andlnduftry than other people ; and that rather than go fo far as tm dot., and he at fo great Charges wirli Attorneys, and Law¬ yers, they will either refer their Differences to the Arbitra¬ tion of their Pariih-Priefts; who do, cr ought to think it a principal parr of their Duty to reconcile Differences with1 in their Pariflies, or to the Arbitration of honeft Neighbours; >artll. of ENGLAND. 20 ir elfe are content to fubmit tbeir Differences to Tryal be ore the Judges of djfaes, called alfo Juftices in Eyre, or th tintrant Judges. Mzeso.xe held twice a year, viz. after the end of Hilar 'em, and after the end of Trinity Term, the Twelve Judge wo by two,ride feveral Circuits, and at the principal Tow if every County, fit to hear and determine all Caufes of le er moment, botli Civil and Criminal, a moft excellent wil lonititution, begun by King Henry the Second, yir.no 1171 vho at firft divided England into Six Circuits (not the fam hat are now) and to each Circuit allotted Three Judge Vales alfo is divided into Two Circuits, North and Sous Valet-, for which are deligned in like manner. Two Se: eants at Law for each Circuit. Thefe Judges givejudi nent of the Pleas of the Crown, and all Common Pie; within thofe Counties, difpatching ordinarily, in Two < Ihree Days, all Controverfies in a County, that are grow :o Iifue in the forementioned Courts at London, betwee Plaintiff and Defendants, and that by their Petrs, a Jury 1 Twelve Men, ex micintto, out of the Neighbourhood where jout the bufinefs lies; fo that twice a year in England ar Wales, Juilice may befaid to be rightly and fpeedily adro niftredeven at our own Doors.

Of the Government cf Counties, &c. HAving given a brief Account of the Civil Governme of all England in general, next fliall be deferibed t particular Government of Counties, Hundreds, Cities, £ roughs and Villages. 3;u0icfje Of tlje JStace,] For the Civil Governme of all Counties, the King makes choice of fome of t Nobility, Clergy, Gentry, Lawyers, Men of Worth a; Parts, who havetheir ufual Relidence in the County; fo rr ny as his Majcfty pleafeth,to keep the Peace ofthe Count and thefe, by Commiflion under the Great Seal, are call Juftices of the Peace, at firftftiled Wardens of the Peace, ai fuch of them whom the King doth more particularly co fide in or refpeft, are called Juftices of the Quorum; fre thefe Words in the Commiflion ; Quorum A. B. mum velttmus : that is, fome Bufinefs of more Importance may r 208 SCije P’cfaic Slate Part Ij; be tranfafted without the Prefeuce of Concurrence of one of One of the principal Juftices of Peace arid S^Urim, jj by the Lord Chancellor made Cnlhs Rtmhriim, fo called, becaufe he hath the Cuftody of the Roils , or Records of the SelGons, and is to bring them to each Quarter Scf- The Original of Juftices of the Peace is from the full J'earof Edwnnl the Third. Their Office is to call before them, examine, and com-' mit to Prifon all Thieves, Murderers, wandring Rogues,- rhofe that hold Confpiracies, Riots, and almoli all other Delinquencies that may r-ccalion the breach of Peace and Quiet to the King’s Subjects, to commit all fuch to Prifon, as either cannot, or by Law are not to be bailed ; that ij, cannot be fet atLiberry by Sureties (taken for their appear¬ ance at a place and time certain) and to lee them brought forth indue rime to Tryal. Sliortrrr&tiritmg,] Every Quarter, or Three Months, theJufticcsmeet at the Chief, or Shire Town, where the Grand Inquefl, or Jury of the County is fummoned to appear, who upon Oath are to enquire of all Traitors, He- riticks, Thieves, Murtherers, Money-Coyners, Rioters, ire. Thofc that appear to be guilty, are by the faid Julli- ces committed to Prifon, to he tryed at the next Allizes, when the Judges at Urriijnhn'Ur come their Circuits afore¬ mentioned. d&hfriEir.] Per the Exec ty, except IKpmdmJ am! m.v Tern; nominates for eac Raw of the Shite, Reap.

u.epr he that gathererh e King for the Profits of the Shire uer, bur call’d in our Latv-Latin, Part II. of E N G L A N D. 209 the Affizes is performed with great Pomp, Splendour, Fcaft' ing, ire. In order to the better executing of his Office; the Sheriffhath Attendant his Under-Sheriff, divers Clerks, Stewards of Courts, Bayliifs of Hundreds, Conftables, Gaolers, Sergeants or Beadles; befides a gallant Train of Servants in rich Liveries, all on Horfe-back at die Recepti¬ on of thejudges. He was anciently chofen as Knights of the Shire are ; but to avoid Tumults it is now thus : Every Year, about the beginning of Kivcmhr, the Judges Itinerant nominate Six fit Men of each County ; that is, Knights or Efquires of good Effaces; out of tliele the Lord Chancellor, Treafurcr, Privy-Counfellors, and Twelve Judges afTemble in the Exchequer-Chamber, and fwom, make choice of three; of which the King himfelf aftet chufeth one to be Sheriff for that year only, tho’ here¬ tofore it was many years, and fometimes Hereditary: as at this day to the Cliffords, who, by Defcent from Robert de Vifmt, are Sheriffs Hereditary of the County of H’tflmrland, by Chatter from King John. Furthermore, the Sheriffs Off.ee is to colled all publick Profit, Cuftoms, Taxes of the County, all Fines, Diftreffcs and Amerciaments, and to bring them iirto the King’s Ex¬ chequer, or Trealury at London, or elfewlrere, as the King fhall appoint: To fupprels Riots, execute Writs, fccure Prifoners, diftrain for Debts, empanne] Juries, attend the Judges, fee the execution of Malefactors, protect them from the Infults of By-flanders, return Knights and Burgelfes for Parliament, ire. TheSienJof each County hath a double Fundion : Flrff, Minifterial, to execute all Procefles and Precepts of the Courts of Law, and to make Returns of the fame: Second¬ ly, Judicial, whereby he hath Audrotity to hold Two fe- veral Courts of diftinft Nature, the one called the Sheriffs Turn, which he holdeth in feveral places in the County, en¬ quiring of ail Criminal Offences againft the Common Law, not prohibited by any Statute : the Other, called the Coun¬ ty Ceurt, wherein he hears and determines Civil Caufesof the County under Forty Shillings, which anciently was a confidetahle Sum ; fo that by the great fall of Moneys now. the Sheriff’s Authority in that part is much diminifhed. No aio SE&e f jeTcnt tom PartD. No Suit begins, and noProcefs is ferved but by him ; no Execution of the Law but by him. Laflly, he is the chief Confervator of the Peace in the whole County. iiaillffjhj Every County being fubdived into Hundreds (fo called at tirft, either for containing an Hundred lloufes, i or an Hundred Men bound to find Arms) or Wapentakes, fo called from touching a Weapon when they ftvore Al¬ legiance (as tire manner at this day is in Sweden, at their Solemn Weddings, for the chief Witnefles to lay all their Hands upon a Launce or Pike) every fuch Wapentake ot Hundred, hath commonly a Bailiff, a very ancient Officer, hut now of fmall Authority. ©ig^CDnllablC.] Alfo Officers called Higb-Cmfidh, Cejhdu pacts, iisd ordained by the Statute of tPimkftt, 13 id. 1. for the Confervation of Peace, and view of Ar¬ mour ; they difperfe Warrants and Orders of the Juftices of the Peace to each Petty-Conftable. Coroners.] There are alfo in every County two Of¬ ficers called Conner,-, whofe Office is to enquire by a Ju¬ ry of Neighbours, how, and by whom any perlon came by a violent Death, and to enter the fame upon Record, which is Matter Criminal, and a Plea of the Crown, and thence they are called Crmners or Coroners. Thefe are chofen by the Freeholders of the Count)', iy Virtue of a Writ out of the Chancery. They were anti- ently Menof Efrates, Birth,and Honour; and therefore in the Reign of Edward the Third, a Merchant being dio- whereas he ought to have been a Gentleman, and no Tradeiman. Clerk offljc Market.] Every County alfo hath an Of¬ ficer, called Clerk of the Market, whofe Office is to keep a Standard of all Weights and Meafures exactly accord¬ ing with the King’s Standard, kept in the Exchtfier, and to fee that none other he ufed in the fame County; to fell all Weights and Meafures made exaftly by the Standard in his Cuilody, and to burn fuch as are otherwife. He hath a Court, and may keep and hold a Plea therein. Part II. of £ N G L A N £).

Of the Civil Government of Cities, Boroughs, and Fill ages.

[fflDaroj anti lificrmEn.] ■PVcry CIry of England, by their Charters or Pnviledges, K panted by feveral Kings, is a little Commonwealth a- tj, governed not as the Cities of Fr,™« and Sf»», by a Nobleman or Gentleman placed there by the King, but whol¬ ly by themfelvcs. They chuie among themfelves their cwit dovemour. In Cities a Mayor is choicn, commonly out of Twelve Aldermen. In home other Corporations a liailiir is chofen out of a certain number of Burgeflis. . Citizens are not taxed but by their own Officers of their own Corporation, every Trade having fomc of their own always of the Council, to fee that nothing be enacted con¬ trary to their Profit. Every City by Charter from the King, hath haute,meyame, khfCh«9‘ct, a lurifdiaion among themfelves, to judge in dl Matters Criminal and Civil, only svith this Reflramt, That all Civil Caufes may be removed from their Courts to the higher Courts at IVcJlminjlcr. , The Mayor of the City is the king s Lieutenant and with the Alderman and Common-council fasitwere, King, Lords and Commons in Parliament;) can make La\vs} calle/ ty-Lms, for die Government of the City. . He is, for his rime (which is but for one \ ear) as it were aJudge to determine Matters, and to mitigate the ngou»

Towns Corporate, is much after the fame manner, lniome there is a Mayer, in others, one or two Bmlifi, who has e e- qual Power with a Mayer and Sberijjs ; and during their Ut- fices, they are Jufrices of the Peace within their Lioerues, and have there the fame Power that other Julhces of tins Peace have in the County. . , MiHaSM.] For the letter Government of vungis, rtie Lord of the Soil htth ordinarily Power to hold a Court Baron, fo called, becaufe anciently fuch Lords were called Barons, as they are [fill in many other parts of Frame; 212 ITljeJSjcfcnt Slate Partil, or elle Court Bunn (i. c.) Court of Freeholders; as tbt Rarons of Germany are called Preyhmm ; fo the Barons rf the Ciwpu-Pms in England are but the Freeholders of Cinmt-Ports: And tliis Court may be held every Thres Weeks. ^Ettl’-Confiafcics.] Alfo for the Government of Vil¬ lages, there is a Petty-Confldlt, chofen every year by tire Lord of the Place, in the Lord’s Court or Leet: This Of¬ ficer is to keep the Peace in cafe of Quarrels; to fearch any Houfe for Robbers, Murderers, or others that have any ways broken the Peace, to raife the Hue and Cry after Rob¬ bers fled away, to feize upon them, and keep them in the Stocks, or other Prifon till they can bring them before fome Juftice of the Peace, to whom the Ctmfldla are fubfervi- ent upon all Occafions, either to bring Criminals before them, or to carry them by their Command to the common Prifon. Every little Village hath almofl an Epitome of Monar¬ chical Government of Civil and Ecclefiaftical Polity with¬ in it felf; which, if duly maintained, would render the whole Kingdom happy.

ciiap. xviii. Of the Military Government of England. IT was a fmart Motto, that the Great Henry the Fourth of Frame, Great Grandfather to our Gracious King now Reigning, cauled to be engraven on his great Guns, Radi ultima Regain ; intimating thereby, That when Subjefts re- fufe to fubmit to the Laws of the Land, or Neighbours to tile Law of Nations ; then Kings have tecourfe toForceand Arms to bring them to Reafon. So long as Subje&s are prone to Sedition, and Neigbow Princes and States to Ambition, there will be a necelfityof a Military Power in every State, both by Land, and like- wife by S'ea, where the Country is any where bordering on the Sea. Of. the Military Power of England, both by Land and Si3, the King of England hath the foie Supreme Power, Go- part If- ®f ENGLAND. 21; vernment, Command and Difpofition ; And neither one net both Houfes of Parliament have any Right to levy any Forces, or make any War Offenhve or Dcfenltve, a$ they have at large declar’d in Parliament, Anm 14. Car. a. Befides his Majeftv’s Guards aforemention’d of Horfe, there are two Regiments of Foot-Guards, the or • confiding of twenty eight Companies of eighty private oldiers in each Company : the fecond call’d the Cold-flreair 'egiment, confiding of Fourteen Companies of eighty pr ate Men in each Company. The firft General Officer is the Pay-MaJ!cr-G:mm!oh\l the tand-Forces , who is alfo Surveyor of the Guards. A Clerk of the Books, who have feveral Clerks The Commiflary-General of the Muders, is the Right Honourable Henry Earl of Suffolk, by Patent under the Great Seal of England, Next under him is David Cranford Efq; Dcputy-Ccmmil- fary-General, by Commiffion from his Afjjefty, confrantly redding in Loudon, keeps his Office at the llorl'e-Guards at Whitehall, and gives from time to time luch Orders to the Deputy-Commillaries as his Majedy’s Service re- Tltere are Eight Deputy-CommitTaries, Commildons from the Cmmijjary-Gaicral ; Counties in England and Wales are divided tails, and each CommilTary i: Forces as at any time comes into his Circa after each Muller is taken, the laid Depr make a Return of all their Rolls upuu O. 214' JEljC fetatc Part 11 The Secretary at War, who has two chief Clerks; the Jail of which is Meffenger to the Secretary. ;fe Three confiderable Offices are kept at the Hods-

he t/orfe-Guards, each Troop as an Adjutant, e ihrjbal of the Horie-Guards. e Gkitttrgion-Gcmr.il of all his Majefty’s Forces.

Of the Standing Militia or Trained-Bands. liJes the foremention’d Forces, there is a Standing- Militia by Land of all England, fettl’d in the King, to avern’d, and Order’d and Enlarg’d from time to time, Majelty Hull fee occalbn. They are at prefent com- . to be aooooo Horle and Foot. ■ the Management of thefe Handing Land Forces. PartII. Of ENGLAND. 2iy The foremention’d Horfe and Foot are to mufter once or twice a Year, and each Horteman during the time of the Mu her, to be allow’d him, from whom he ferves.zr. a day, an4 each Foot Soldier 11 d. a day. For furnil'hing Ammunition, and other NecelTaries, the Urd Lieutenant or Deputy Lieutenant may levy every Year one fourth part (if they judge it expedient of each Man’s Proportion in the Tax of 70000 /. a Month upon the whole Kingdom; and in the cafe of matching again!! an Enemy, they have power to caufe every Man l'o charg¬ ed, to allow each Soldier one Month’s Pay, which the King is after to repay, before they may be charg’d with another Month’s Pay. Thefe Forces are always in readinefs, with all things ne- cellary, at the Beat of Drum, or Sound of Trurflpet, to appear, mufter, and be comple.it with Men, Horfe , and Arms; and are at certain timesTrain’d and Dilcip'in’d, that they become able, skilful, and ufcful Soldiers. Thefe are to be command-J only within the Kingdom fer thefecurity of the King and Kingdom. Subferviont in the Standing Militia, to the Lend Lieutenant and Defuty-Lieitenant , arc the Juftices of the Feace of every County, who upon all occalions, according to the Orders of their Superiours, are to lend their VV arrants to the U'gh-Cmflabk of the Hundred, or Ptiiy-Ccnfidlc of the Parilh, &c. XsCSCOlW.] For the better Securing of the Kingdom from Foreign Invalion, belides the Ships of YVar (where¬ of more anon) there are upon certain eminent places of all parts of England high Poles erefted, whereon are fan¬ ned Pitch Barrels to be fir’d by Night, and and a Smoke made by Day, thereby to give notice in few Hours to the whole Kingdom of the approaching Iuvaiions : Whereup¬ on the Inhabitants in Arms make hafte to the Sea-Coafts. Thefe are call’d Beacons, from the Saxon Worn beam, or Bcatuian, to (hew by a Sign. I11 all times of Danger lbme are fet to watch at every Beacon. Anciently there were many Caplet in all parts 0? Etg'nud, but Inland Cafliet generally have been demoiilh’d in latter times, or wittingly fuffer’d to decay, that to Rebels they might be no Shelter, to Invaders no Stay, nor the Inva¬ ded any Refuge in Flight ;_^and confequcntly, that then; 216 ®je Relent &tate PartH. may not lie any lingring War again in England, which is the graced Mifeiy and Calamity that tan ever happen to» Nation. In rjSS. upon Expe&ation of the Spmijh Amado, (fil'd Invincible, there went forth from the Queen Commiffiom to mufter in all parts of Engl.mil, all Men that were of perfeft Senfe and Limb, from the Age of Sixteen to Sixty, except Noblemen, Clergymen, Univerfity-Students, Lawyers, Of¬ ficers, and fuch as had any publick Charge, leaving only in every Parifh fo many Husbandmen as were fufficienrto Till the Ground. In all thofe Mullers, there were then numbe¬ red Three Millions; but of thofe fit for War, about Six Hundred Thoufand. In another Muller of Queen Elizabeth, there were found in all England, fit for War, of Common Soldiers, about Four Hundred Thoufand, and of thofe Arm’d and Train'd, One hundred and Eighty five thoufand ; belides Horfe,near Forty thoufand; and that the Nobility and Gentry were then able to bring into the Field, of their Servants and Fol¬ lowers, Xu enty rlioufhnd Men, florfe and Foot, choice Men, and excellent Horfes; and in all, fit for War, and ready upon all Occalions, Six hundred forty two thoufand, leav¬ ing fulneient to Till the Ground,' and to furnifh Trades, belides Nobility, Gentry, &c.

Of the frefent Maritime Power belonging to the Crown tf England. THE Kingdom of England being a Pemn fuht, zlmoii liir- rounded by the Sea, there will always be a Neceffi- ty of Maritime Forces; and as Neighbours grow potent at Sea, the King of England will be necefiitated to aug¬ ment his Maritime Forces proportionably (how great foe- ver the Charge thereof may bed or elle to quit bis An¬ cient Right to the Sovereignty of the Narrow Stas, and w fuffer bis Merchants to be abus’d, and their Traifck every It is true, that in the 14th of Elizabeth, upon a general View and Mufltr, there were found bur Thirteen Ships of War, and one hundred thirty fiveSliips of conliderable Bur- partII. of ENGLAND. 217 den, belonging to all the SubjeEts of England. And in the Year 1600. her Majetly had but Thirty fa Ships of YVar, and Thirteen or Fourteen Finaces; the biggelt Ship was then a Thoufand Tun, carry’d Three hundred and forty Mariners, One hundred and thirty Soldiers, and but Thirty Pieces of Ordnance. The teller Ships of War were of One hundred Tun, Forty or Fifty Mariners, Seven or Eight Soldiers, and Eight Guns. The Pinaccs of thirty Tun, eighteen or twenty Mariners, and two or four Guns. So (hull was the Royal Fleet in thofe Days, when our Neigh¬ bour Natioifc were weak, and always Engag’d with Civil and Foreign Wars. But now, that their Strength at Sea is of late fo prodigioufly Encreas’d, it will be mod Expedient for this Kingdom to be always well provided : and, God be thank’d, we have a King that underllands and takes Delight in Maritime Affairs, and Ships of War, and who hath made it his chief Bulinefs that way to fortilie The Forces of Potentates at Sea, Sant des Marines dt Grandeur d’EJlat, faith a French Author, whofoever com¬ mands the Sea, commands the Trade of the World; he that commands the Trade, commands the Wealth of the World, and confequently the World it felf. Again as he that is Mailer of the Field, is faid to he Mi¬ ller of every Town when it Hull pleafe him ; fo he that is Mailer of the Sea, may in fome fort be laid to be Mader of every Country, at lead, of fuch as are bordering on the Sea, for he is at liberty to begin and end a War, where, and upoii what Terms he pleafeth. To the Crown of England belongs the Dominion of all the Narrow Seas round about the whole llland of Great Brh sain, and by Ancient Right thereof it hath had polleffion in all times. Firll, the Aborigines, or Ancient Britams, were polled thereof, (as Mr. Scl.ien makes appear) and in their Right the Ramans held it : Then the Saxons having gotten Poffelfion of England, kept that Dominion ; their King Ed¬ gar, amongll his Royal Titles, calling himfelf Sovereign of Afterwards the Normans pofiefiing England, claim’d, and quietly poffefs’d the fame Dominion ; in teflimony where¬ of the Swedes, Danes, Hans-Towns, Hollanders, Zealanders, &c. were wont to ask leave to pafs the Brisijh Seas, and to rake Licences to fiflt therein, and to this Day do flrike Sail to 2.18 g’cfctttifefate Party. aJJ the Ships of War belonging to the King of England', u oft as they p2fs by any one of them, thereby to exprefs tint they acknowledge the Sovereignty of the Britifi Seas to be- long to the King of England, according to an Ordinance made at Raftings inSufcx, by Jo bn King of England, about Four hundred and fifty Years ago. Hiftories mention a Great Fleet of Julius Cxjar, a Elueoi the aforemention’d King Edgar, confifling of Three thou- fand fix hundred Sail ; a Fleet of Leais Son to Philip, King of France, of Six hundred Sail, that arriv’d at Sandwich, to aflxft the Englijh Barons againft King John : But thole dcubt- !e!s were but as fo many Cottages to Cafiies, in refpeci of the prefent Ships of War. Henry VIII. In the fifth Year of his Reign, built a Ship, then accounted the greatefi that ever had been feen in Eng¬ land, and nam’d it Henry Grace dc Dieu, or the Great Henry, it was a ioooTun. In the Eighth Year of King James the FirlF. was built by the Londoners a Ship of i too Tun, and call’d The Trades Increaf; ; which being lofl: in the Eajl-Indies, King Jam caus’d another to be built of T400 Tuns; which being giv¬ en to Prince Henry, was by him nam’d The Prince. We have now many brave Firfl and Second Rate Ships; and even our Third Rates are now built fo large and ftrong, that theymay engage fingly with a Firft Rate Ship of any other Nation. The Charges of Building a Ship of the Firlt Rate, toge¬ ther with Guns, Tackle, and Rigging fbefidesViaualingJ doth ordinarily amount to about 62500/. Thofe of lower Rates proportionably. To Man the Navy Royal of England requires about thirty fix thoufand Mariners; which is not half theNumber which this Nation could upon occafion number ; whereas accord¬ ing to judicious Computation, all the Seamen of France do not amount to above one and twenty thoufand. The Management of all the Hetval affairs of England was very anciently committed to three Lords admirals of Eng¬ land ; One for the North, another for the South, and the third for the Weft Divifion. Afterwards it was intruded folely in One; and Richard Fisa, Allen Earl of AnItldel XV..S ParcII- of ENGLAND. 219 At prefent the Admiralty of England is in Commiffion, and the Commiffioners thereof fit at the Admiralij-Htuft near Charing-Crtfi. The Lord High Admiral hath under him many Officers of high and low Condition ; fome at Sea, others at Land; fume of a Military, tome of a Civil Capacity; fome Judi¬ cial, othersMiniAerial. Sochatthe Dominionand Jurifili&ion of the S’ea.may jufily be Ail’d another Cemm.reealtbfiX King- im apart; h Mari funt Regna dtjHncla, idpe jure gentium, f.cut in arrida Terra, faith Baldta, that learn’d Oracle of the Civil Law, And the Ltrd High Admiral of England may fitly be Ail’d, or at lead reputed, as a Vice-Roy of the Mari¬ time Kingdom of England. 1 There is not any Vice-Admiral of England now,that Of¬ fice was lately enjoy’d hy the Lord Ttrrihgtm, who held it by Patent Durante line placito of the King, and was Lieu¬ tenant of the Admiralty, Navies, and Seas of England, with WVges and Fee of aor. per diem and tor. per Month for iCMento each of them, accounting a8 Days to the Month- The Ltrd High Admiral of England doth, by virtue of his Place, appoint in divers parts of the Kingdom his feve- tal Cice- Admirals, with their Judges and Marlhals hy Patent, under the Great Seal of the High Court of Admiralty. Thefe Vice-Admiral; and Judges do exercife jurilili&i- on in Maritime Affairs within their leveral Limits; And in cafe any Perfon be aggriev’d by any Sentence or In¬ terlocutory Decree that hath the force of a Definitive Sen¬ tence, he may appeal to tile High Court of Admiralty. Cott.tof SiDmiraltp. For ttanfaciing of Maritime Affairs the Lord High Ad¬ miral hatli Courts of his own, whereof that at London is the Principal ar Supreme, where all Procels and Proceed¬ ings run in his Name, and nc-r m the Kings, as it doth in all Common Law Courts. In this Court, uluallv cal¬ led the Court of Admiralty, he hath a Lieutenair, call’d judge of the Admiralty, who is commonly fome learn’d Dr. of the Civil Lmv. Tile Proceedings in this Court, in all Civil Mar ,r;. is according to the Civil Law, bccaufe the Sea is without the Limits of the Common Law, but under the Aumwds 220 £fje gKfcnt Sxate Part It. Jurifdiffion; therefore the Civil Law only fall Common. Law feeludecU is made ufe of, and by Libel they pro- ceed to the A&ion, the Plaintiff giving caution topra. fecute the Suit, and to pay what fhall be judg’d agiinft him, if lie fail in the Suit; the Defendant on the contrary, fccuring the Plaintiff by fufficient furety ot caution, as the Judge fhall think meet, that he will appear in Judgment, and to pay that which fhall be judg¬ ed againft him, and that he will ratifie and allow all that his Proftor fhall do in his Name, whereby the Clients are well affined to obtain that, which by Law fhall he judg’d to them, let the caufe fall on which fide foever. In the Admiralty Court of England ufe is made not on¬ ly of the Civil Laws, but the Laws of Rhodes and Oliron, whereof the former is ail Ifland in the Mediterranean Sea, about 20 Miles diflant from the Continent of A ftit Minor, and is now under the Turk, the Ancient Inhabitants whereof, by their mighty Trade and Power at Sea, grew fo expert in the Regulation of all Maritime Matters and Differences, and their Determinations there¬ in were efteem’d fo Juft and Equitable, that their Laws in fuch Affair, have ever fince been obferv’d for 0- racles. Tltofe Laws were long ago incorporated into the Volumes of the Civil Law; and tile Romans, who gave Laws to other Nations, and excell’d all Na¬ tions in making of good Laws, yet for their Sea Affairs referr’d all Debates and Controveriies to the judgment of thefe Rhodian Laws. Olcron is an Ifland anciently belonging to tbe Crown of England, feated in the Bay of Aytitain, not far from the Mouth of tbe Garonne, where our famous Warriour King Richard the Firft, caufed to be compil’d fuch Ex¬ cellent Laws for Sea Matters, that in the Ocean Sea, Welhvard, they had almoft as much Repute as the Rhodi¬ an Laws in the Mtdittrnncm, and thefe Laws were call’d La Root d'Okrcn. King Edward the Third (who firft erefled this Court of Admiralty, as fome hold.) made at Sjteenhrough, 157s. very Excellent Conftitutions concerning Maritime Af¬ fairs, and many Statutes and Ordinances have been made by other Princes and People, as at Rome, Pifa, Genoa, Mar- Jcillcs, Barj'dona and Mefiina, yet that Fragment of the PartII. *f ENGLAND. 221 RIniiM Law ftill extant, with the Comments thereon by the old Juris-Conl'ults, inferted in the PandeSt, and the Conftiturions made by the Roman Emperors, con¬ tained in the Code, and in the Novclles, ftill holds the Pre-eminence. The Cuftoms and former Decrees of the PngUjb Court of Admiralty are there of force for deciding of Controverfies. Under this Court there is alfo a Court of Equity for determining Differences between Mer- chants. In Criminal Affairs, which is commonly about Piracy, the Proceeding in this Court was by Accufation and In¬ formation, according to the Civil Law by a Man’s own Confellion, or Eye-witnelfes, found guilty before he could be condemn’d ; but that being found inconvenient, there were two Statutes made by Hen. VIII. that criminal Affairs fhould be try’d by Witneffes and a Jury, and this by fpe- cial Commiiiion of the King to the Lord Admiral, wherein feme of the Judges of the Realm are ever Commiflioners, and the Trial according to the Laws of England, direfted by thole Statutes. Between the Common Law of England and the Admiral¬ ty, there feems to be Divifum Imperium; for in the Sea, lb far as the Low-water Mark is obferv’d, that it, counted Infra Corpiu Comitatus aijawitit, and Caufes thence arifing, are determinable by the Common Laws; yet when the Sea is full, the Admiral hath Jurifdi&ion there alfo (fo long as the Sea flows) over Matters done between the Low-water Mark and the Land, as appears in Sir Hmry Cwjlable s Cafe. Report Cute. P. 107. For Regulating and Ordering his Majefty’s Navies, Ships of War, and Forces by Sea, fee thofe Excellent Articles and Orders in St at. 13. Car. II. Cap. 9.

Of 222 JCIje gjefcttt fetate Part It,

0/ the NAVY-OFFICE where the vty Bufinefs camming the King’s NAVY- ROYAL is managed.

TH E Management of the Navy-Royal under the tori HIGH AD MIR Ah of England, is entrufled with the principal Officers and Commiflioners of the Navy. The Principal Officers are Fear. Strnifurrr.l Whofe Office is to receive out of the Ex¬ chequer by Warrant from the Lord Trcafarer of England, or Lords Commiflioners executing that Place, and to pay all Charges of the Navy, by Warrant from the principal Of¬ ficers of the Navy; for which he had formerly a Salary of of 2 20 /. IJJ. 41i. per annum, belidesjrf. per pound out of all Moneys paid by him ; but hath now an Honourable Allowance certain from hisMajefty inlieu thereof,we.jcooi. per annum, and 800 1. per annum more for his Imdruments. Comptroller.] The fetond is the Comptroller of the Havy, whole Office is to attend and Cnmptrol all Payments of Wages, to know the Market Rates of all Stores belong¬ ing to Shipping, to examine and audit all Trealurers, Viftuallcrs, and Store-keepers Accompts, &C. His Salary is 500 /. yearly. jgur&cyoj.J The third "is die Surveyor of the Navy, whofe Office is generally to know the State of all Stores, and fee the Wants lupply’d; to turvey the Hulls, Mads, and Yards, arid eftimate the Value of Repairs by Inden¬ ture ;, to charge all Boatfwains and Carpenters of his Majefiy’s Navy, with what Stores they receive ; and at the end of each Voyage, 10 Rate and audit their Accompts, Cte'h Of fI)C Z)$3-] The fourth is Clerk of the Ails, whofe Office is to record all Orders, Conrrafts, Bills, War¬ rants, and other Buflnefle; tranfaCted by the Principal Of¬ ficers and Ccmimffioncrs of the Navy, at the Salary of

7k Part II. of ENGLAND.

The Cmmijjionm of the Navy. The Firft executes that part of the Comptroller of the Navy’s Duty, which relates to the comptrolling of the ViSuallers Accompts. His Salary 5001. per annum. The Second executes another part of the faid Comp¬ troller’s Duty, relating to the Comptrol of the Accompts of the Store-keepers of the feveral Yards : His Salary is

The Third relides at Pirlfmutb, and has the care of ma¬ naging of his Majefty’s Navy at that Fort: His Sal. is

The Fourth refides at Chatham, and has the fame charge of Affairs in the King’s Yard there: His Sal. rs

The principal Officers and Commiffioners, do hold their Offices by Patent under the Great Seal of Enghmd. And fmee the great Increafe of his Majefty’s Navy, have feveral Clerks under them, with Salaries allow’d by the King, for the difpatch of the Bufinefs of the Navy, under their refpeftive Managements. [Coraraiffiontni fo? © tailing the i?-ab)’.] The Viftnallmg of his Majefty’s Navy hath formerly been undertaken by Contraft, but is now manag’d by C0111-

ffarDtf.] There are belonging to his Majefty’s Navy, Six great Yards, aii'z. Chatham, DefferJ. Weah:ck, Pmfm"uth, Sheer,ufi, and Plymouth, where his Majefty’s Royal Snips are laid up in Harbour ; which Yards are fitted with ieve- ral Docks, Wharfs, Lanches, and Graving places, for the Building, Repairing and Cleaning of his Majefty’s Snips; and therein are lodg’d great Quantities of Timber, Mails, Planks, Anchors, and other Materials.. There are alfo convenient Store-Houfes in each Yard, in which are laid up vaft Quantities of Cables, Rigging, Sails, Blocks, and 224 EieWfeftnt State Pmir. all other forts of' Stores, needful for Ills Majefty’s Navy Royal. • The King hath alfo another Yard at Harwich, which is chiefly made ufe of in the times of fome great Sea- War, and there are alfo Officers to take care of the Store- lioufes there. Befides the aforementioned Yards, his Majefty hath divers great Rope-yards, as at Woolwich, Chatham, Por-tfmouth, &c. wherein are made Cables, and all forts of Cordage for his fii: Navy. . : r! e faid Officers, and whole Navy-Office, are govern¬ ed the Lord High-Admiral of England. Ail the other under Officers, as well thofe in thefevera! Yards, as thofe belonging to any of his Majefty’s Ships, hold their Places by Warrant from the Lord High Admiral, durante bene pIncite, ta Charge of Hje JffabpJ The ordinary Charge of his Majefty’s Navy for a Year in times of Peace, continuing in Harbour, is fo well regu¬ lated, that it amounts to fcarce 130000 1. befides all Charges of Building of. Ships, &c. and befides the getting forth of Fleets, which even at the rime when we had only a Wat with Algiers, amounted at lead to 300000 /. per Annum, as may be eafily computed by the number of Men at Sea in pay, which were at feweft, fuppofed to be <5000, and ate always reckoned to Hand the King in 4 l.per Menfem each Man, including all Charges, as Vi&uals, Wages, Wear and Tear, &c.

THE Part III. of ENGLAND 22f

p.’tfcnt &tatt ENGLAND Part III.

Of Manners, Cuftoms, Laws, &r.

CHAP. I. Of Religious Manners, viz. Of the Clergy j Their Name, Orders, Privileges, Revenues, Munifi¬ cence, 8ic, Alfo of DijJenScrs from the Efiablifisti Church.

iiJamesr.] T ‘ H E Clergy lo culled, becaufe they are I God’s laSf©- or Persia, ; for al- a though all Chriftians may be ililed Gli’s Persian, as well as God’s Servants; yet amongft Chri¬ ftians, thofe Perlbns whom God hath fee apart, and fepa- rated from common Ufe to his Service, to be. as it were. 226 £(k picfrat State Part Hi. Portion i And therefore from the Firft Age of Cliriflianitj-, the Perfons l'o let apart, have been called Clerics', Clerh, ED^Drtff.] The Clergy of the Church of England hive in all Age'., ever fince our firft Couverfion to this prelim Day, conlifted of Arckhijhof’, Bijhops, PricTis, and Dtamt. If any (hall objeft, that AujUn the Monk was not an M- bijln, notwithtending tlic Venerable Bede gives him that Title ; and that Bede writes in the Stile of his own Age; hut that no fitch Word appears in the Epiftles of Pope Gregory, either to Jnfiin the Mini, or Ethanes Billion of Arles who confecrated him, svc (hall not contend ; ler’em but allow Theodoras Gear ear, the fixrh Metropolitan from AuSin the Mmk to luve had the Stile of Archbilhop, Arr Nocwithftanding Avchbifnops have a Jurifdiftion Stipe- riour to their Suffragans, yet they are of the fame Order as Bifliops ; for we have only thefc Three Orders, Bijh], Priejl and iSereee: ; of which (ee Part 1. cap. 10. of Ec- cleliaftical Government. But here it may not be unac¬ ceptable to entertain the Reader a little with an ac¬ count of TheSeUn.n Manner of making a Bijbop in England. When any Rtfliop’s See becomes vacant, the Dean and Chapter of that Cathedral giving notice thereof to the King, who is Patron of all the Bilhopricks in England (ex¬ cept that of the Ifi of Man, whom the Earl of Dari] names) and humbly retpiefting, that his Majefty will give leave for them to clmfe another ; the King hereupon grants to the Dean bis Conge d'EJlicrt, which in Froth (wherein it was anciently penned) lignifies leave to elefl, 1 hen me Dean nimmons a Chapter, or AfTembly of the Prebendaries, who either elect the Perfon recommended by the King's Letters, or ihew caule to the contrary. Next, the Election is cerr.lied ro the Party Elefted, who doth mmleftly refufe it the firff and fecound time ; and if he doth refute it a third time, then that being certified to his Mas jelly, another is recommended. When the EleSionis ac¬ cepted by the Party it is certified to the King, and the Archbilhop of that Province ; whereupon rhe King gives bis Royal Alfem' under tile Great Seal of England, which Part IE of ENGLAND. j>,7 is exhibited to the Archbifhop of that Province, with com¬ mand to-confirm and confecrato him. Hereunto the Archbiihop fublcibes/ar Coand gives Commiffion under his Atchiepifcopal Seal, to his Vicar-General, to perform all tire Afts required for perfecting his Confir- The Vicar-General then, in the Name of the Archbi¬ ihop, lends forth a Citation, fummoning all Oppofers of the faid Eleftion, or Perfon elected, to appear at a certain Time and Place, efpecially alhgned, to make their Qbje- aions: This is done by an. Officer of the Arches, ufually at &® Church in Chcaf-pde, LtrJm, by Proclamation Three 228 JE&e IPjcfetit State Part III, made for the Officers anil others there prefent; which be. ing once done at the Sign of the Mrggr Head in Chaffi. near the laid Boat Church, gave occafion to onr Adverft. ries of the Rmijh Church to affirm thatFable, That then our Biffiops, after the Reformation were confecrated. When a Bilhop is elefted, and the Eleftion confirm^, he may give Inffitution, and do his ordinary Jurifdiffion, and may lit in Parliament as Lord thereof; according to Sir Frfw. Coke, 4. Infiit. p. 47. After the Confirmation then according to tile King's Mandate, is the folemn Confecrarion of the Elefted li¬ ft; op ; which is done by the Archbiihop, wi th the Affifiance of Two other Biffiops, in manner following : Upon fome Sunday or Holyday, after _ Morning-Service, the Archbiihop beginneth the Communion-Service after a certain Prayer appointed for this occafion, one of /the Biffiops there prelent readeth the Epiftle, 1 Tim. 3. Ano¬ ther itaderh the Gofpel, Joint at. and after the Nicttte Crtti, and a Sermon preached by fome learned Divine upon the Occafion. the Elefted Bilhop, veiled with his Rochet, or Linnen Garment, is by Tivo Biffiops piefented to the Arch- bilhop, or lime other Bilhop commiffioned by him, fitting in his Chair, who demands the King’s Mandate for the Confecration, andcaufes it to be read : Then the Eleft Bi¬ lhop takes the Oath of Supremacy and of Canonical Obedi¬ ence to the Archbiihop. And after divers Prayers, and fe- veral Interrngatoiies put to the Bilhop, and his Anfwers, the reft of the Epifcopal Habit is put upon him ; and after more Prayers, the Eleft Bilhop kneeleth down, and the Archbiihop and Biffiops there prefent lay their Hands on his Head, and by a certain pious, grave Form ofWords, they Confecrate him : Afterwards the Archbiihop doth de- liver to the Bilhop Eleft a Bible, with another fet Form of Words, and ib all proceed to the Communion-Str- vice; and having received the Sacrament and the Blelfim, they repair from Church to Dinner, which is at the Charge of the Billion Eleft, and is ulually very fplendid and mag¬ nificent; the greareft of the Nobility, Clergy, Judges, Pri- vy-Counfeliors, &c. honouring ir with their Prefence; the Evpences whereof, with Fees of Confecration, amount¬ ing ordinarily to Six or Seven hundred pounds. This Partin. of ENGLAND. 229 This Form and Manner of Confecrating Bilhops, is ac¬ cording to the Rule laid down in the Fourth Council of Carthage, about the Year 470. generally received in all the Provinces of the Weflern Chnrth. Nore, That by our Ordtr of Confecrating Bijhopt, it it cvi- fat Bijhopt are look'd upon at a dijlinli Ordtr of themfelvct ; mJ mt only at adiffmm Degree from the rcji of the Pretbytegy, 01 feme would heave it. Next goes forth a Mandate from the Atchbilhop to the Archdeacon of his Province, to inflall the Bilhop Liefted, Confirmed, and Confecrated : Which Inftalment is almoft on the fame manner in all Cathedrals, and is uiually thus : Upon any Day, between the hours of Nine and Eleven, in the ptefence of a publick Notary, the Bilhop Eletf, or his Proxy; which is ufual, is introduced into the Cathedral Church by the Archdeacon of Canterbury ; by whom all the Bifliops of that Province are inftalled (or elle by his Proxy fometimes;) and firlt he declares his AlTent to the King’s Supremacy, and fwears, That unlefs he be otherwife difpenfed with, lie will be relident according to the Cu- llom of that Cathedral, and obferve the Culloms of the hid Church, and caufe others to obferve the fame. Then the Archdeacon, with the Petty-Canons, and Officers of the Church, accompany the Bilhop up to the Quire, and there place him in the Seat prepared for the Eilhops, letween the Altar and the Right fide of the Quire ; and then the Archdeacon pronounces thefe Words in Latin, £- g) mthoritate tttibi mnmifla, induce & inthronizo Referendum in Chrijlo Pattern Dmirntm N. N. Epifcopum , & Dontimt (ufediat jiitrn introitum & exitum ex Im mm,& in frcultatt/frc. Then the Sub-dean, and the Petty-Canons ling the Te Darn; mean while the Bilhop is again condu&ed from his own Place to the Deans Seat, and there, in token of tiking real Polfeffion, he Hands till Te Detail is ended, to¬ gether with other Prayers, the Archdeacon reading fome Vehicles, as, O Lord Jane tint tby femant N. our Bijhp; (the people anlWering ) yind feud him Health jrom thy Holy f!m, fee. Then the Archdeacon reads a Ihort Collett for the Bidrop by Name. Afrer Prayers the Bilhop is cor.- dufted into the Chapter-1 loul'e, and there placed on a high Seat. Then the Archdeacon, ami all the Prebends mil Officers of the Church, come before the Billion, and ^knowledge Canonical Obedience to him. Emails, the Q 3 ' pub- 2?o SO* intent fetete Partin. publicfc Notary is by the Archdeacon (required fo make an Infttument, declaring the whole Matter of l ift in this Affair. Then the faid Bifliop is introduced into the King’s Pre. fence, to do his Homage for his Temporalities or Barony, by kneeling down, and putting his Hands between tit' Hands of the King fitting in a Chait of Stare, and by ta- king of a folemn Oath to be true and faithful to his Majefty, and that he holds his Temporalities of him. Laftly, the new Bilhop compounds for the Firft-Fniitsof his Bilhoprick, that is, agrees for his firft Years Profits, to be paid to the King within Two Years or more, if the King pleales. The Tranflation of a Bifliop from one Bifhoprick to a- nother, differs only in this from the manner of making a Bifliop, that there is no Confecration. The Tranflation of a Bilhop to be Archbithop, differs on¬ ly in the Commiflion, which is direfted by his Majefty to Four Or more Bilhops to confirm him. Note, that the Dif¬ ference between an Archbilhop and a Bilhop is, that the Archbilhop, with other Bilhops, doth confecrate a Bilhop, as a Bifliop with other Priefts doth ordain a Pried; the Archbilhop vilirs the whole Province,the Bilhop only his Dh ocefs; The Archbilhop can convocate a Provincial Synod, the Bifliop only a Diocefan Synod: The Archbilhop is Ordi¬ nary to, and hath Canonical Authority over all the Bilhops of his Province, as the Bifliop hath over all the Priefts of his Diocels. None may be admitted a Bifliop till he is full thirty Years old. _ _ . The Ordination of Priefts and Deacons is Four times the Year ; upon four feveral Sundays in the Ember, or Rtfiag Wuh, fo appointed firft by the Holy Martyr Calislm, Bilhop of about the Year of ^ our Lord 210. that God, recommend them that are to receive Ordinati- on ; which is performed by a Bilhop in a Solemn, Grave, Devout manner, thus. ©rSfOUS.] The Perfon to be ordained , bringing 1 Certificate to the Bilhop, from the College where he lift ra¬ ffled, or under the Hands of Three reverend Dvines, who knew him for three Years laft paft, touching his Life and Con- PartZU- of ENGLAND. 2}i Converfation, fits Abilities, bis Principles, and Affeftion to¬ wards Church and State ; the b’ifhop and bis Chaplains do feverally examine hint in Latin, as a farther Proof of his Abilities and Proficiency in Theology ; and if lie be found fit, and have a Title, that is, Prefentation to fomc Vicarage orCuracy, (For if the Bilhop ordains any one before he be provided with a Maintenance, the Bilhop himfclf is bound to maintain him till he be farther provided for: Then the Bilhop proceeds to Ordination. After Morning Prayer, there is a Sermon, declaring the Duty and Office of Deacons and Pricfts; then every one to be ordained, being decently habited, are prefented to the Bilhop by the Archdeacon or his Deputy, whom tire liifhop asks, if Ire hath made due Inquiry of them ; and then asks the People, If they know any notable Impediment or Crime in any one of them. After follow certain Godly Prayers : Then a Colleft, Epiftle, and Gofpel. Put before the Golpei, the Oath of Supremacy is admindred to every one of them ; and the Bilhop putteth divers Godly Qtiedions to them.; which being anfwered, they all kneel, and he laying his Hands upon them feverally, doth ordain them Deacons; then delivers to every one of them the New Teftament, and gives them Authority to read the fame in the Church : Then one. of them, appointed by the Bifhop, reads tire Gofpel; and then all, with the Bilhop, proceed to the Communion and fo are difmilfed with the Blefling pronounced by the Bilhop. - ¥>?icff0.] The Ordination of Pried;, is partly in the fame manner, only the Epiftle and Gofpel are different; and af¬ ter the Quedions and'Anl'.vers made, the Bilhop puts up a particular Prayer for them; and that ended, lit Jelires rue Congregation to recommend them to God fecretiy in their Prayers; fordoing of which there is a competent time of general Silence : then follows l'a:i Cr.,t>r- -yin Me¬ tre to be lung; then after another Prayer, they all kneel¬ ing, the Bilhop, with one or rwo of the grave Frieds there prelenr, layerh his Hands upon the Head of every one of them feverally, and gives rlitm Ordination, in a grave let Form of Words, different both from that ofllillrops, and tlntof Deacons ; the reft as in die Ordaining of Deacons. None is to be Ordained Pried till he he twenty lour sens of age, nor a Deacon under twenty three. SCljcpjetent $tate Parc III

Urn a CUrgyman hnmci fittfd in » Living, Upra the Vacancy of a Church by death of the lad In¬ cumbent, Refignation or the like, the Clergyman defiring to fucceed. mil juftly , honourably, and fairly procure a Prefentation from the true Patron : And he mull take fpccial care that he doth not procure it by any Promife, Contraft, or Agreement, direftjy or indicettly, which may make him become Simnincut; or that any Body on his behalf make any filch Contraft or Agreement, he himfelf being privy or not privy thereto, whereby he may enter the Church Simniace-, for that’s tile Diffinftion ; and both cafes of Simmimts, and Simnince, are utterly unlawful; and fo much the more heinous, becaufe Perjury mulkenfue: For no one can be admitted into a Benefice before he take a Solemn Oath againll Simmy, viz. That lie is not di- rcdtly or mdireftly privy to any fuch Agreement; and if any one unknown to him, hath on his behalf made any fuch Simmicai Contraft, that he will in no wife ftand by it, Part III. of ENGLAND.

Form of a Prefentatioa to a Living.

Revimdo in Cbrijh Palri & Domini, H. divinti pmrnjjimi, l. Epiftopo ejufm memo in j'piritualibm gmtrali, A. li. Jr- mpr, mdnbitnuts Patromu Ecclejie Pnrocbialu do L. tn Comt- rn D. Subitem in Domino Stmpitcrnnm. Jd Ecckjiam do C. trudiSom wflrt Ditecejiot modo per mortem, (if void by tbc Death of the laft Incumbent; or, modo per nfgnationim |f

Which Prefentation, the Clerk prefented rauli c; leBilhopof that Diocefs, in which the Church is, is Vicar-General; or if the Bifhoprick be vacant, iuardian of the Spiritualities. And he mud carr inland exhibit, if requir’d, Letters Teftimoniai, rom the Matter and Fellows of the College where elided, or under the Hands and Seals of Three, at leverend Divines, who knew him well for three id pad, and can give a good Account of his Verrue ormity'and Learning, in this, or fome fucli like Forn

Form of a Teftimonial. 2;4 Pjrfrne feiste Partly, mbit in Chrifio, A. B. in Art-tin, Magijimm per trimtim proxine elapfum afiiJuum Otfcio fit» operant iaUjfiu ■nitam%i} vnres Jtm pie &Jobne inpluijje; dignutntp; judicamus qui ai qued libft mmif in Ecclejid prmmatur, & qnm de co cpkit- ret tejtimniuin Jigilla nojlraprtefentibu, nppefiiimits Dot. fail Ann. Dm. ,6 SuchaTellimonial as this is always inclifpenfably requi¬ red, before holy Orders are conferr’d ; and fometimes the Bilhop demands it even from a Pried, before he admits him M>u, That if any one living in a certain Diocefs, ami not in either of the Two Univerfities, go to the Bilhop cf another Diocefs for Orders, he muft have Letter, Dm§,j from the Bilhop of that Diocefs where he lad relided, to the other Bilhop; and fo he ought to have if lie goes for a Living. Note alfo, That the Prelcntation mud be tender’d to the Bilhop within an hundred eighty two Days after the Liv¬ ing is vacant, elfe it lapfes to the Bilhop ; and if the Bilhop then doth not collate in half a Year more, it lapfes to the .Archbifhop ; and if the Archbiihop doth not collate in naif a Year more, it lapfes to the King; and thenext Prefentation continues fo, till the King t'if the Living he so /. per Annum in the Valuation Book, or the Lord Keep¬ er, if under ao /.) prefents, be it when it will; for NttUm Tmput occnrrit Regi. After this, the Perfon to be admitted is examin’d, and if he be found duly qualify’d, the Bilhop ot his Surrogate inftitutes him in thefe or other Words : Inltilei U Rethrew Ecelejhe Parochial!, etc C. & habere euram anim- mm & accipe euram turn & imam. Then a Mandate is iffu’d out under the Bilhop’s Seal, to the Archdeacon of the Place ; who himfelf.or by feme Clerg) man whom he dull appoint, is to indufh the Clerk into his Living ; which is done by delivery of the Bell-Rope ; and then the new' inftituted Clerk being left alone in the Church, he rolls the Bell; and now he is inducleJ. Within two Months after this, he mull: in the laid Church, during Divine Service, (i. e. after fome part of the Church-Service, and before the whole is finilh’d) read the Nine and Thirty Articles of .Religion, and declare a- loud Part III. of ENGLAND. 23 y loud his unfeign’d Affcnt and Content to all that is therein contain’d, politively, and without any Referve, one or two fuhftantial Pariihioners reading along with him, who may tefliiie he omitted no parr. Likewife within two Months after his Induction, he malt read the Book of Com¬ mon Prayer upon fome Lord’s Day, both Forenoon and Afternoon ; that is, the whole Service of the Church appointed for that Day, as it is there appointed, and like- wife declare Iris Affent and Confent to all therein, contain’d in thefe Words : I A. B. do declare my la feign'd Jffent mi Confent to nil and retry thing contain'd and preferib'd in, and by the But, intitul'd The Book of Common-Prayer, and Adminiftration of the Sacraments, and other Rites and Ctramits of the Clurch, according to the UJc of the Church of England ; together with the Pfalter or Pfalms of David, pointed as they are to he fang or faid in Churches; and the Form and Manner of Making, Ordaining, and Conforming of Bijhops, Pricth and

And whereas before he be inftituted, he muft fubferibe to this Declaration following. I A. B. Do declare, That wo Foreign Prince, Perfon, Prelate, State or Potentate, hath, or ought to have any JarifdiSi- m, Power, Superiority, Preeminence, or Juthority, EccUfttfi- cal or Spiritual within this Realm ; Jnd that I will con¬ form to the Liturgy of rise Church of England, as it is now if Law tnalltjh’d. After he hath fubferib’d this Declaration, he muft have a Certificate from the Biihop ; or, &c. of his Subfcriprion to the faid Declaration. So likewife within three Months after his Inftiturion, upon fome Lord’s Day, during Divine Service, he mud publicity and openly read his Certificate from the Bi- ftop, &c. of his Subfcription to the faid Declaration, and he muft at the fame time read the faid Declarati¬ on it felf. And if lie hath fail’d in any of the aforefa'id things, he hath forfeited his Living. And 2; 6 Zlit pjtfm State Part III, And whenever any Parfon or Vicar goes to Law for Di¬ lapidations, Tithes, or any thing belonging to the Church, if the Defendant inlift upon it, he muft prove the doing of all thefe things. Therefore he muft have credible WitnelTes when he fub- fcribes before the Bifliop. And Two credible Parilhioners having read along with him the Thiny nine Articles, Ihould endorfe upon the Book in which they read, their Atteftation; which Book fo attefted, the Parfon is to keep by him fafnly. So likewife fome intelligent Parilhioners muft atteft un¬ der their Hands, That fuchan one on fucha Day, read the Common-Prayer and Declaration as aforefaid ; and all thefe Atteftations are to be carefully preferv’d. See more in the Afts of Uniformity, printed before the Book of Common-Prayer. ^itoiUSgetf Of tlft Clergp.] It hath been provided, not without lingular Wifdom, that as the ordinary courfe of common Affairs is difpofed of by general Laws; fo like¬ wife Mens rarer incident Necelfities and Utilities, ihould be with fpecial Equity confider’d. Hence it is, that fo many Privileges, Immunities, Exemptions, and Difpenjations have been to the Clergy of England, granted at all times: Our Anceftors thinking it very realonable, that as Soldiers were wont by the Roman Emperors, to be endow’d with certain Privilcdgcs for their Warding and Fighting, to preferve the State from External Enemies, fo the Clergy ought to have certain Immunities and Pnviledges for their Watching and Spiritual Warfare, to preferve rhe State from Internal Enemies, the World, the Flelh and the Devil. Of Priviledges, fome belong to Archbilhops, fome to Bilhops, as they are fo, and fome belong to them, and the inferiour Clergy, as they are Eccleliafticks or Church- Clergymens Goods are not to pay Tolls in Fairs and No Clergyman may be compell’J to undergo any perfo- na! Functions, (as to be Sheriff, Conftable, Overfeer of the Poor, &c ) or Services of rhe Commonwealth. All Clergymen are free from rhe King's Purveyors, the King’s Carriages, the King’s Poll, ire. for which they may demand a Protection from the King, Cum clanjula Partffl. af ENG LAND #37 If a Clergyman acknowledge a Statute, his Body fliall not be taken by Vertue of any Procefs thereupon; for the Writ runs, Si Laicusft, &c. No Clergyman can be arrefted in the Church or Church¬ yard, or any where attending on Divine Service, going, flaying, or returning. Clergymen are not oblig’d to appear at Sheriffs Teams, or Views of Frank Pledge, there to take their Oath of Al¬ legiance ; the ancient Laws prefuming, that thofe whole principal care and office ftould be to teach the People Loyalry and Allegiance to their King, could not themfelves want Loyalty. No Preacher may bedifhirb’d, vex’d, or molefled while he is preaching or officiating. By Magna Charta no Clergyman is to be fin’d or amer¬ ced according to his Spiritual Means, bat according to his Temporal Eftare, and according to die Crime com- The Goods of Clergymen are difcharg’d by the Common Law of England from Tolls and Cufloms , (si nanexcrceant Mercbandizas de eifdem) of Average, Pontage, Murage, Pavage, for which they have the King’s Writ to difcharge The Glebe Lairds and Spiritual Revenues of Clergymen, being held in Para £r ferfetua Eleemefyva (i. e) in Frankal- meim, are exempted from arraying and muflering of Men or Horfes for the War, as appears in a Statute ftill in force , m. 8 Hen. 4. Numb. 12. in the unprinted Rolls of that Parliament. If a Clergyman have Lands, by the Tenure of which he is fubjcft to be Bayliff, Reeve, or Beadle, and be chofen into any fuch Office by. real'on thereof, he hath a Curfcry Writ out of the Chancery to difcharge himfelf. The Clergy being by their Funftion prohibited to wear a Sword, or any Arms (their Habit being alone their Defence) cannot ferve in Perfon in War j they ferve their Coun¬ try orhcrwife ; and for that Service have always been thought worthy of their Spiritual Profits and Revenues, and of the King’s l’roteftion. ^ A Clergyman is not bound to the Leet, nor to follow A Clergyman arraign’d before a Temporal Judge for Fe¬ lony, may plead the Jurifdiftion of the Copt:. Zljepeftnt Stare Part HL A Clerk in Holy Orders convift of a Crime, for which the Benefit of the Clergy is allowable, Hull not upon the producing his Orders, be burn’d in the Hand. A Clerk in holy Orders atthis day Hullhave his Clergy d iufmtum, from time to time; which no Layman can have It was an ancient Maxim in England, Nullm fro dicmit dcbettr.erariaHqv.adc refaratime Ptntit, feu aliqitibm mod¬ bus tcmfornlibas. No one cn the Account of Tytltes is chargeable with Reparation of Bridges, or any other Tem¬ poral Burthen. Thefe and other Immunities of the Clergy, the great jfquiturf thought agreeable to natural Equity, or the Law of Nature; Thence it was that King Pharaoh, Gen. 47. .when all the Lands of his Subjects were mortgaged to him for Bread, yet fpared the Lands of the Priefls. Jo Ezra 7. 24. and fo in our Ancient Laws we find,De Damgtl- dt, libera & qaieta, crat tmms Etclefia in Jnglia & etiam moil terra quee infnfrit Dtminio EcckJHe erat, ubiemqne jacebat,nihil frtrfas in tale rtdditione ferfilvens ; and the Real'on thereof is added, &uia Rtxmagisin Ectlcp cmfidebatOratitmbm qum Partm. of ENGLAND. 2?9 The Priviledges of the Clergy, and Franchifes of the Church were (with the Liberties of the People) granted, confirm’d, and fettl’d by the King in full Parliament, Art- in r-ry in fuch a fclemnmanner as no Story can parallel it: The King flood up with his Hand upon his Bread, all the Lords Spiritual and Temporal Hood with burning Ta¬ pers in their Hands, and the Archbifhop pronounc’d aj By the Authorjg^f Cod Omnipotent, of the Son, mi of the fitly Ghoft, &c. We Excommunicate, Anathematize, and Sc- ptftcr from our Holy Mother the Chunk, all thofe mho hence- firth knowingly, and maliciottfty deprive and fpeil Churches of their Right; and all thofe that fhall by any Art or Wit, rafhly vitiate, diminijh, or alter fecretly or openly, in Deed, Word, or Qimftl, theft EcdtjiajHcal liberties, &c. granted Ip our Lord the King, to the Archbijhops, Bifktp’, Prelates, Sec. For ever- lifting Memory rohereof roe have hereunto put car Seal. After ■which, all throwing down their Tapers, extinguifh’d and (moating, they all faid, So It all that jhall go again if this Cur ft, be extinct and ft ink in ll.U. Since which, all Kings of England at their Coronations have by Solemn Oaths promis’d to preferve the fame ; and they have been confirm’d byabove Thirty fucceflivc Parlia¬ ments, commanded to be read once a Year in Churches; and if any Aft Ihouldbe made to the contrary, it is to be held for null and void, by the Statute of 4 Ed. Kriraiuefl Of tlje Clcrgp.] To the end that Men of the bed Rank and Ability, ihonldiii all times be encoura¬ ged to embrace the mod painful and fevere Profeflron of a Clergyman, and that the People fliould the more willingly be guided and conducted by them, out mod Chtidian An- celiors,'according ro the Pattern of Cod’s ancient People the lores, and of all other Chriflinn Commonwealths, judged it expedient to alloc, large Revenues, and a mod plentiful Maintenance to the Englijh Clergy, having ob- ferved with Solomon, That a wile Man for his Poverty nothing more contemptible and ridiculous than a poor Clergyman. The fird Kings of England had all the Lands of Eng. land in Demelh, the lecond foie Monarch among rhe Sax- cnKings, Etbelteolphm An. Ss'. by the Advice of his Nobles, gave for ever to God and the Church both the Tithe of a,! Goods,

PartIir. ff ENGLAND. 241 kd means far exceeding thofe of the inferiour Clergy, anil the High-Prieft liad a maintenance as far exceeding any of the laid 24 Priefts; fo in Engl.mil the Biihops, by the great Fiery anil Bounty of feveral ErgL'jb Kings, had, in Lands and Revenues, Temporal and Spiritual, a Maintenance far more ample than thofe of;he inferiour Clergy, and the two Archbilhops more ample than the Bithops. UTfi.ua tin Cnmmr at his coming into England, found die Biihopricks then in being, fo richly endow’d with Lands that he erected them all into Baronies, and every Barcn'y then confided of 13 Knights Fees at the lead. Bcddes, there belong’d to Biihops feveral Perquilites and Duties for the Visitation of their Dioceffes, for Or- iimtimi, Inftitntiau , Cctifr.s Ca:hrdratiais , Subjiditnn Chari rat tv'tm, which upon reafonable Caufs they might require of the Clergy under them, alio other Duties, called Dccim.-.rnrr. SUpiarla, Mtrlti.m'arnm &■ Oblatimum pnijitacio, Jus Hofpilii proujjh, Litania, Via:id aid Com* math: cellatia, which upon a Journey to Rime they might demaiid. Tenths and Fird-Fruits were anciently paid, fas is be¬ liev’d! to the feveral Diocefans, as was continu’d to the Bilhop of Kentish, till Herr. VIII. depriv’d him thereof, and depri"’d the Pape of all tire reft; moreover ail Cathedral Churches were, by divers Kings and Nobles richly furnilh- cd with Lands, for the plentiful Maintenance of a Dean, and a certain Number of Prebendaries ; infomuch, that together wirli the Lands given to Monafteries, a Third part of the Lands of England belonged to the Church and Churchmen; whereby did accrue much Benefit to this Nation : Great Hofpitaliry was kept, many Holpitals, Col¬ leges, Churches, Bridges built, and other publiclt, pious and charitable Works; all Leales held of them by the Laity, ivere not only much more ealie than other 1 enures, but fo unqucftionable, that "there was little Work for the Lawyers; fomvchPeaceablenels, rhatan hundred and forty Tivorn Attorneys were thought fufficient to lerve the whole Kingdom. At prefent the Revenues of the Englijb Clergy are general¬ ly very fmall, and infuflicicnt, above a third partofthebefi: Benefices of England, being anciently by the Pape's Grant appropriated to Memikrirs, towards their Maintenance, were upon the Dilfolution of Monafteries, made Lay Fees. Beiides R what 242 Elje gjtftnt Jfetate Part III, what hath been taken by fecret or indireft means, tlirough corrupt Compofitions, Compafts, and Cuftoms in many Pa- riflies, there are alfo very many large Eflates wholly exempt from paying Tyrhes; as Lands belonging to Monafteries.of which about 190 were dilfolved in Henry V Ill's time, of be¬ tween 200 and 3500/. per Annum value a-piece; which at a MiAinm of 1500 I.per Amountach, amounts to 285000/.;,-, Annum Tythe-free, befides all thelelfer Priories, Abbies.and Monafteries, the Church being not allowed the Tythe of that'Land which was once exempted from Ty tiles, becaufe it belonged wholly to the Church, and which always did piv Tythes before it did belong to the Church, Mifercrt Dai! And thofe Benefices that are free from thefe things, yet (belides Firft-Fruits and Tenths to the King, and Procun. tions to the Bifhops) are taxed towards the Charges of the refpeftive Parilues, and towards the publick Charges of the Nation, above and beyond the Proportion of the Inftead of having the Tenths, as the Tenth Sheep, the tenth Lamb, or whatever the Produft of the Landis, what by real'on of Impropriations, Prelcriptions, Alienations, Coulenages, and the like, they have not a fortieth Penny of the yearly Rent of England; whereas the Clergy of Tram hath a Sixtli part of the whole yearly Revenue. The Biihopricks of England have been alfo^ frnce the latter end of Henry VIII. torhe coming in of King Jamil moft miferabiy robbed and^ fpoiled of the greareft part of tleman of aco /. Land yearly, will not change his worldly State and Condition with divers Bilhops. A11 Attorney, > Shop-keeper, a common Artilim, will hardly change theirs with ordinary Pallors of the Church. Some few Biihopricks do yet retain a Competency; a- mongflr which the Biflioprick of Durham is accounted one of the chief, the yearly Revenues whereof are about 32S0 /. fir Annum. Of this and other principal Biihopricks, the Revenues have been much diminilhed, fome enjoying not a fourth part of their ancient Rights. The great Diminution of the Revenues of the Clergy, and the little care of augmenting or defending the Patrimony of the Church, is the great Reproach and Shame of the Enplilh Reformation, and ’tis to be fear’d, wall one. Day prgve the fti;iu of Church and Scat:. J,u

244 2Elje pjefent State Partin. of the Stock of Baronets, Knights, or Gentry ; and for this Caufe find Refpeft,- not only amongfr thofe of their own 0- pinion, but even of the moll fober, moderate, and bell ti. viliz’d Protellants. Nor is this prefent Age wholly deftitutf of this Honour; witnefs the prefent Bifhop of London, Dr. Compton, Brother to the Earl of Northampton. Dr. Pane, late Brother to an Earl of Wejhnorland. Air. Pinch, Son to the late Earl of Winchelfca. Dr. Mountagiie, Uncle to the Earl of Sandwich. Dr. ArneJIy, Uncle to the Earl of AngleJ'ey. Dr. Gremvtlc, late Dean of Durham, Brother to the Earl of Bath. Air. Berkeley, Son to the Earl of Berkeley. Air. Finch, Brother to the Earl of Nottingham. Dr. Booth, Brother to the Earl of Warrington. Dr. Crew, Bilhop of Durham, Son to the late Lord Crew. Dr. Cralnne,1 Brother to the late Lord Vifcount Prtflm, Sir Jonathan Trelamney, Knight and Baronet, Bilhop of Sir William Dam, Knight and Baronet, Mailer of Catharm Nall Cambridge. And many others now living, or lately dead. And when this Policy was more in ufe, the Clergy wen judged the fitted Perfons to execute mod of the chief Of¬ fices and Places of the Kingdom (according to the Divine Policy amongfl God’s peculiar People, Where the Prieltsand Levites were the principal Officers and Judges in every Court, to whom the People were to be obedient on the fevered Pain) and the Laity did with much Reverence and Refpeft fubmit to them, and as then, Os Sacerdotis Crm- lum erat plebis, (according to that of Malach. Chap. a. yj So, Or Epifcopi Oraculum erat Regis & Regni, & Rex amtk- Bihtftur uni verjinn Clerum Utafronte, & ex co femper jibi ili- gchat primes a Co,ifdiie, primes ad Officia Regni obcunda. Pri- mi igitur fed eh ant in omnibus Regni Comitiis & Tribumlikn Epifcopi, in Kigali qrndm Palatio cum regni Magnatibus, in Co- tnit.ua uni can Cornice, in Turn cum Vicctmitc, & in Hint Arcdo cum Domino Himdrcdi, & nihil inconfulto Saccrdotc ml Epifcopo, ageretur. And this Union of Civil and Eccleliaffical Perfons Authority and Courts of Judicature, did continue, as Seldml. 2. de Synedriis, makes apparent above Four thou fand- PartHI. of ENGLAND. 24 j find Years, amonglb God’s own People, both Jews and Chriftians, till Pope Nicholas the Firlf, about the Eighth Century, to exclude the Emperor from mcdling in the Ec- defialtical Government, began to exclude the Clergy from mcdling with the Civil, Vide Grat. dijlinc. C. Cm nd But to return to our Bilhops, upon whom the Weal of this Kingdom, and Service of the King fo much depended, and their Prefence for that end fo much required at London, that it was judged expedient, that every Bilhopricl; Ihould have a Palace or Houle belonging to it, in or about London ; and it is known at this Day where flood the Houles of e- very one, except that of St. Ant’h. which alfo mitrht Pro- Great was the Authority of the Clergy in tliofe Days, anil their Memory Ihould be precious in thefe Days, if we conlidcr, that they were the Authors of lb great Benefits and Advantages to this Kingdom, rlntthereare few things of any importance for promoring of the Welfare of this Church and State, wherein the Bilhops and Prelates, under Cod, have not been the principal Inflrumer.rs. The excel¬ lent Laws made by King ha, King A'ckajiau, King Edmund, and Sr. Edward the Confeffor, from w hom we have our Common Laws, and our Priviledges mentioned in .uuw.r Cisir.M, were all made by the Perfu aliens and Advice of Arclibilhops and Bilhops named in our Hillorics. TheUni- on of the Two Houles of York and Lancajlcr (whereby a long and bloody War was ended) was by tile mod wife Advice and Counfel ofBilhop Morion, then a Privy-Couniel- lor, the Union of England and Scotland, that incxprellible Advantage to both Nations, was brought to pals by the long forefight of reverend Bifiiop Fox, a I’li. v-Cuunfel- lick Works now , ancient and prelent Being, ei S«, or to tile liberal Conrril

-48 SEj)S H1 ?cfcr.t'gxatc Part III. judged fir to enjoy div ers Temporal Honours and Employ. RrVTo ^ i» the Commiftion of the Peace ; for wb fo proper to mike and keep Peace as they vliofe coilfhnr Duty is to preach Peace ? Who i"o fit they wliofe main builucfs and ftudy is to reconcile thole Am! rhereiore mice ms late Maieiiy, ig Charits Idsbp- py Reftauradon, as well as before, d s grave, difereet Divines haye been made Juftices of I Peace, and there! by not only the poor Clergymen have -‘ii protected from the Oppreilioii of tl.eir eaulVIefs Encm , but many dif. ferences I io.it niore Chriftian and lefs exuenfive way. ' Moreover the Archbifhopa and ffi.'hops were Called by our Anceftors to their mnaigmwotc or Parliament, not fo much in refpeft of their Tenure (for in iliofe Days all their Te- nures were by a rrank-sllnmgni) as for their Gravity, Learning,' and Wifdom, as appears by Britain, C-huvili, and Secondly, To be of his Majefty's Privy-Council, where frequently Cafes of Confidence may arife, relating to State matters, that will admit neither of delay nor Publi- cationi and therefore after the Pattern of that excellent Christian Emperour ( r good Kings, before and fince the Reformation, have always admitted Come fpiritual Perfons to their Council-Tables, and Clofet- debates. Thirdly, To be employed in public!: Treaties and Ne¬ gotiations of Peace, and this both the ancient and modem praftice will jufrifie, i ire frequently and fuccesfully lifed in fuch Mcllages than the Ambrliidors of Chrilt: Of which the Reverend Mr. Hill, his Majefty’s Envoy at the Court of Bnijjeti, a.id the Reverend Mr. Rt- iinfin'in i'wtdcn, are living Infiano’s. Fourthly, To enjoy lbmc of the great Offices of the (Crown, as to be Lord Chancellor, Lord Tre.rfurer, 6~c. and it hath been obfsrvcd, that in a late Reign, when the Bilhop of Untm was Lord Treafurer, thatOffice wa i execu¬ ted with as much Diligence, Faithfulnefs, Dexterity and Content to the Subjeft as well as to the King, as it ever had been by his Lay Predccelfors. I fliall only add, that in the glorious Reign of that Wife and Experienced King Edward III. the Lord Chancellor, Part III. oE ENGLAND. 249 Lord Privy-Seal, Mailer of the Rolls, Ten Mailers in Chancery, Chief Chamberlain of the Exchequer, the Re¬ ceiver and Keeper of the King’s Treafure and Jewels, Clerk of the Privy-Seal, Trcafurer of the HonlliolJ, Maher of the Wardrobe, one of the other Chamberlains of tile Ex¬ chequer, Surveyor and Comptroller of the King’s Works, Treal'urer of Ireland, and he for Gulfnis and CelLi were a!] Clergymen.

dissenters. TH E Inhabitants of this Land being a fenlible and ci¬ vilized People, are generally much addifled to Reli¬ gion, and whereas in thole Countries where the Rou.au Uhlick Religion is National, Ignorance it the Mother oj De~ when, people of the bed parts being lead affedled wirha Relirirm fo contrary to Reafon ; here in England thole who are of the bed Capacities are generally mod Devout; and anin the devoured Men of this Church are always the bed Moralifts, which Ihews their Devotion to be un¬ feigned and without Hypo y'ahle

becoming, like dray Sheep, an eaiie Prey to the next Chimer. If We divide tile People of h.glana into tfo parts, perhaps tie of them are fuch Diflenters of all forts who never come to the publick Service of tile National Church. Two parts who hold Communion with lire National CImrch. and with their own particular Setb at the fame 2jo SEIje piefcnt State Part ft. difplealed with the Church, anti the only Reafon they continue in ir, it, becaule they are more difpleas’d with •very Seft of the Dilienters from it: for they acknowledge this to be the heft Form of Religion in the Country; but this they (having new Schemes in their Heads) would re¬ form or refine. The moll underdandir.g of this fort of Men have a Po- litick Third after luch a Reformation, in hope by that meins to comprehend many of the more moderate Dilienters, and to bring rhem into Communion with the National Church; and fuch aDelignwas fet on foot in the beginning of this Government in Convocation, where all things of tint na¬ ture are tirft to be debated; but few of the Dilienters at that rime fltewing any willingnefs to be l'o comprehended, and fome of the "Heads of them confefling ingenioufly, that all luch Attempts would prove fuccel'slels, without quite dilTol- viug our frame ol Church Government, the whole bufmefs fell. And indeed thereof all Proteftant DilTenters from tht Church (except jJutirrimtaricm) are tolerated, fo long as they lice peaceably and conformably in the State, and every AFan in England doth now enjoy a free Liberty of Confcience, and Ufe of what Religion bed pleafes The Didenters from the Church of England are of thefe live forts, Libertines, Pafifts, slnabapsifts , Independents, and Firft, By Libertines sve mean thofe that live ad libitum, whether they he Jtlseifts, Scepticks, Drifts, and the like ; of thefe there are not mmy among us, at leafhvife profelfedly fo, and thofe that be, are a Vain, Pantaftick, Unthinking People, lome of’whom having/ a little (mattering of Learning, are troublefomc with it to themfelves and the reft of Mankind. Thefe Men have fome l'upcrficial Know¬ ledge in Second Caufes, hut for want of due Confident!- on, they are altogether Ignorant of the firft Alover, and .of his Reveal’d Will; lb that luppoling themfelves to be Wile, they become Fools: And from a long Indulgence to the Gratifications of Senfc, they fall into the Want of all abitrafted Notions and Thoughts , and have no diflincl Apprehenfion of any but meer fenlitive Things, till a little before their Death, when the Soul begins to separate, Hand off, or lool'e from the Eody, then they at- ip SElje pjefenf Sstate Partin, well as Otjakers, are great Admirers of Jani Eehtm and hii fortof Cant; and many of them are clofely wrapt up in Rwicrujian Divinity; they look upon all Liturgy and Cere¬ monies as Popilh, allow that Laymen may adminifter Sacra- ments, expeft an univerfal Monarchy of Chrift here on Earth. Some of them are call’d Bmvnifis,from Rdcrttsmn of Nirth.v?iptonjhin, but there are feme Bromiijls who allow of Padotaprifm. Familifis, or the Family of Ln,, we have fcarce any remaining: Adamites none: But here are fome Jntimmims, who hold,That no Tranfgredion isSin in the Children of God : Traskitts, now called Seventh-day- mm, who keep the Jevijh Saihath : Amifabhaterians, who keep none at all; and the hUgglttenians are fcarce extinfl, who lay. That God the Father leaving the Government of Heaven to Elias, came down on Earth, and fufferej in Humane Form ; thefe deny the Holy Trinity, the Cre¬ ation of Earth and Water, the Immortality of the Soul, Religious Miniftry, and fome of them, Magiftratual Au- fiiliaflOT.J The other fortof Anabaptilfs are called Ogden or Shakers, from the Tremb'ing and Quaking, cau- led in them by Vapours in their Ecftatick Fits, efpecially »after long Falling, an Exercife very much praffifed by the lirlt Difciples of this Sett here iaEnglmid but of late almoll wholly difliifed, We have Hiring Motives to believe, that this Sefl was fet a-foot here in England, and propagated by the Induflry of Rtmijb Emillaries, fenton purpole from Spain and ltd]; in tile tame of the late Troubles: Mr. William Pryrn made many pertinent Difcoveries of it, in fevera! of his Trea¬ ties; whercin.be lliews their very near Alliance to the Order of Framifcans, who ever propagated their Doftrine here in England ; the lirlb Author of their Opinions, not to mention Agreement in fome only Particulars with divers Herericks of old, feems to have been C.r/p.ir Scbivctickfildins of Offing, a Nobleman of Silcffa, who died Anno r65 r. from whom they are called abroad SchwcnckfcUi- a»s, and by fome, Enthufup, from their pretence to Infpi- ration. He taught that the Scripture was a dead Letter; That Men cannot he converted by the means of external Miniftry, hut me.-rly by Vilions, Infpirations, and Rap: tures: He denied the Divine Nature of Clirift while lie part III. of ENGLAND. ij-j fcenlion into Heaven ; affirms that Baptifm is of no uie in orier to Regeneration ; that tile Body and Blood of Chrift are not exhibited in the Eucharift; his Followers neglefled the Ufe of the Word and Sacraments, and pre¬ tended todetermine the precife Year in which the Day of Judgment lhall happen. Upon thefe Tenets our Evglifh Quakers have improv d. They rejeft Minifterial Ordinances, and place Religion wholly in the inward Light of every Man’s private Spirit, anil how different foever the Impulfes of one Man’s Spirit are from ahother, and how different Notions foever they create, they account it all the lame Light infufed by the Spirit of God in different Meafures, and Degrees. They agree with other ttnahpiifts againft Infant Baptifm, and go far beyond them , even to the neglefting all Baptifm, and the other Sacrament of the Eucharift, all Human Learning, Appropriate Places and Times of Worlhip, and abhor paying of Tythes: They praftifed formerly Abfti- nenceand Self-denial, but now of late none are prouder and more luxurious than the generality of them: They formerly wore plain and courfe Clothes, now the Men wear very fine Cloth, and are diftinguilh’d from others only by a particular fliaping of their Coats, a little pleated Cravat, and a (lender Hat-band ; The Women neverthelefs wear Flower’d, or Strip’d , or Damask’d Silks, and the fined Linnen cut and pieired, in imilation of Lace ; but they wear no Lace or fuperiluous Ribbons; however they are extreamly nice in the choice of Taylors, Semftrelles and Laundredes. Thofe of the Men who wear Perriwigs, have ’em of Genteel Hair and Shape, tho’ not long: They areas curious in their Meats,and as chearful in their Drink, and as Loft in their Amours, and as much in the Enjoy¬ ment of Life as others. , They have generally denykl the Trinity of Perfons in the One Godhead, the Refurreftion of the Body, the Incar¬ nation of Chrift (which they feem to look upon as a Figure) the Locality of Heaven and Hell, and many other Catho- lick Tenets. InDEFEttBanfB.J hdcpir.imts are a SeS lately fprung up from the Bromiijts. Thel'e have no general Church-Govern¬ ment, but each particular Congregation is ruled by their own Laws and Methods without dependance on one ano¬ ther; look upon Tythes as SuperRitious and Judaical; are 2 f4 fiClje P?tfcnt State Part III. againft all fet Form of Prayer, even tile Lord’s Prayer. They give power to private Men to craft and gather Chur- ches, Eleft, Ordain, Depol'e, Excommunicate, and Deter¬ mine finally in all Churcli-Caut'ei Laity fometimes admi- nifter the Sacraments, and Magiftrates adminilter the Of. Ece of Matrimony. They are moll of them MUlcmimu, and commence the lad thoufand Years of Chriil’s Kingdom from the beginning of hdcpmdaney. Ail tllofe of the Laity they account Gifted Men, are permitted to Preach, and Pray, and to Catechife the Preacher concerning the Do ftrine he hath preached. They Communicate frequently, iitting at a Table, or without a Table. ‘ ^esbytcriatltf.] Presbyterians maintain, That there is only a Nominal Difference between Bijhop, Prabj/Ur and P.-jltr; and that Pried is not a Golpel Word, but belongs only to Sacrifices : They will not allow Deaam to preach, but only collect for, and adminiller to the Poor. In every Church rhev annoint Lav-Elders and Rulers, who are - ipeft Alens Manners,and to bear a part in tile Government of the Church : They acknowledge a Priority of Order ought to be amongft Church Governours, but not a Priority of Jurifdiftion : They deny the Civil Magillrate any Autho¬ rity in Church Government, making the King mere Laiaii, and ful'jcft to the Cenfures of Parochial Church Gover¬ nours : They have two Church Judicatories, the Clallial

2*6 ffilje gjefm g»tate Parent of almoft eleven Minutes in the (pace of about 134 Year5 maketh one whole Day ; which not conlidcred iince the Regulation of Eaflcr, had broughtback the Year at leaf!ten Days ; infomuch that the Vernal Equinox, which was at fill} on the aril of March, was now on the nth of March-, by reafon whereof iometimes two Full Moons pafs between the Equinox and Eajler, contrary to the primitive Inftitution thereof; which was, That Eafltr fltould always be obferr’d on the Sunday following thefirjl Fall Mum after the Verna! Equi¬ ne-:. Pope Gregory then having obferv’d thefc Inconvenien- cies, refolved at once to take away ten Days, and that out of rite Month of October, by calling the 5 th Day thereof the ictli ; and that for that Year, thofe Feftivals which fell in thole ten Days, which by reafon of the Vintage time, wete but few, Ihould he celebrated upon the 15 th, idth, and 17th Days of that Month ; and that the Equinox might neve; retrocede for the future, it was then provided, that every 400 Years three Bijftxtile Years ihould be left out; that is, in the Years 1700,180c, and rpoo ; and fo again in aioo a:oo, and 11300, leavingthe Year aooo to have its Bijfcxti!r, andfo every 400th Year. The Euglijl Nation, as all other States that withdrew thcmfelves from under the Biihop of Romo's ufurp’d Autho¬ rity, before the faid Year i;8a, except Holland and Zealand, obferve Hill the Ancient Account made 1 by Julius Cajsr forty three Years before the Birth of Chrift, and is therefore called the Old Stile, or Julian Jccount; the other obferved by thofe who are (fill under the Rcmijh Yoke, is call’d the Hen Stile, or Gregorian Account ; and is, (by reafon of the afore- laid ten Days taken away) ten Days before ours, for'the: be¬ ginning of Months, and for all fix’d Feftivals ; but various for all moveable Ihufts. E.j'tcr, and rile other moveable Feafts in England, are mod certainly thus found ; Shrove Tuefday is always the frjt Tucfday after the firfi New Moon after January, er.it the Sun¬ day ftllowing r'/Quadragelima, and the jixth Sunday after it Euler Day, and the fifth Sunday after Eafter is Rogation Sunday, and the Thurfday feiiowing, king forty Days after tit Rofa-rechon, is Afcenlion Day ; Ten Days after which, irfftj Days after Fairer is Pentecoft, or Witfunday, and r/.'f;Sunday following is Trinity-Sunday : Which Computation of the Church of England, agrees wirh all the Eaftern Clmftun Churches; for rhey and we find Easier by the Rules which

2.;8 Elje JpjeftlU &tatc Part III. fen, as beginning juft at the Periodical Day of the Sun’s The Natural Day confiding of Twenty four Hours, is fe. gun in England, according to the Cuftom of the Egyptian I and ancien; Ream:, at Midnight, and counted by Twelve Hours to Mid-day, and again by Twelve Hours to neit Midnight; whereas in half,. Bohemia, Poland, and fome other Countries, their Account is from Sun-fetting by twen¬ ty fourof the Clock, to the next Sun-fetting; and at ffi. nmberg, and Wittenberg in Germany, according to the OH Jmifh, and Babylonian Account, they begin at the firft hour after Sun-riling, to count one of the Clock, and fo again at the lird Hoar after Sun-fetting; but Aflrommers accomo. dating their Calculations to the mod noble time of the Day, begin their Account from Noon to Noon, as do ffll the Arabians and foine others. Cnglifl) Numbering.] There was a time when Names of number amongd all civiliz’d Nations wereirn- known to them, and probably they then applyed the Fing¬ ers of one,^ and l'ometimes of both Hands to things where- the illiterate Indians) and thence it may be that the nume¬ ral Words are but Ten in any Nation, and in Ibine Nations but Five, and then they begin again, as after Deem, Unit- cirn, Duodecim, &c. Things that are fold by Tale aud not Weight, are thus accounted. Cod-Fiih, Haber^ine, Ling, &c. have 1:4 to the dels IJ to the Strike 10 Strike to the Bind. Herrings 1:0 to the C. n Hundred to the Thoufand, which make a Bit- rel; and 11 Barrels a Lad. Of Furrs, Filches, Grayes, Jennets, Martins, Minds, Sables, 40 Skins is a Timber ; other Skins fiveScore toth: Hundred. Of Paper 14 or 2; Sheets to the Quire ; 20 Quire tot Ream ; 10 Ream to a Bale. Of Parchment, 12 Skins make a Dozen ; and ; Dozen a Roll. Of Hides, to are a Dicker ; 10 Dickers a Lad. Of Gloves, to Pair a Dicker.

ffllfiSijM Partlll. of ENGLAND. 2^9 ®Uial)t0 ano 9peafurc0.] For WJghts and Meafures at nrefentufed in England, there are very many excellent Statutes and Ordinances, and abundance of care taken by our Anceftors to prevent all Cheating and Deceit ihBy "he :7th Chap, of Magna Chun a, the Weights and Meafures ought to be the fame over all England, and thofe t0 be according to the King’s Standards of Weights and Meafures kept in the Exchequer, by a fpecial Officer of his Houfe, called the Ckrk, or Comptroller of the Market. Of Weights there are two Sorts ufed at prelent through¬ out all England, viz. Try-weight, and Avoirdupois in Trcy might, 24 Grains of Wheat make a Penny-weight Ster¬ ling, 20 Penny-weight make one Ounce, 12 Ounces make. a Pound ; fo there are 480 Grains in the Ounce, and 5760 Grains in the Pound. By Try-weight we weigh Bread, Cora, Cold, Silver, Jew- ill, and Liqmrs : The Apothecaries and Goldjmtths have the fame Pound, Ounce, and Grain ; but they differ in their intermediate Divifions. The Apothecaries reckon 20 Grains Gr. make a Scruple 9, - Scruples rlDrachm ?, 8 Drachms 1 Ounce 3,12 Ounces 1 Pound ft, fo that there is in

Note That although the Apothecaries make up their Me¬ dicines by Troy-weight, they buy their Drugs by Averiupots WTheGoldfmiths reckon 24 Gr. make a Penny weight; :a Pen. wt. 1 Oun. 12 Oun. 1 Pound. So that theie is in, ft 1 Ven.Wt. G.1'.

By z6o EIjc ^jctcnt fttate PartlH. By Jvoirdupois Weight are all other things weighed, is Mercery and Grocery Ware, Metals, Wooll, Tallow, and the like, which they account thus, 16 Drachms make in Ounce, i

Tun. tfund.Quart. Pound. \ Ounces. Drachm.

The Troy Ounce is more than the Jvoirdupois Ounce, for yr Ounces Troy, are equal to yd Ounces Jvoirdupois. But the Jvoirdupois Pound is more than the Troy Pound,for 14 Pound Jvoirdupois, are equal to 17 it Troy weight. Note, That Bakers who lice in Corporation Townsmafc their Bread by Troy weight, hut they who live not in Cor¬ porations are to make it by Jvoirdupois weight; for Free¬ men are allow’d 3 d. in the Bulhel more for Profit, thin thofe that are not free. For Inftance, when the current Market-Price of mil¬ ling Wheat is 5 s. per Bulhel, a Freeman Baker muft make a Penny Wheaten Loaf to weigh jr Ounces Trot weight, and Three Half-penny White-loaves the like weight; bet they that are not Freenjen muft make it as heavy when the Market Price is but 4 a. 9 dper Bulhel; and when it is y s. per Bulhel, they muft outweigh the Freemens Pen¬ ny-Loaf by ten Drachms, and make their Houftiold Pen¬ ny-Loaf a Pound, or 16 Ounces Jvoirdupois, and fourteen The Tin: is Twenty Hundred weight of every thing hut Lead, of which there is but Nineteen Hundred and an half to the Tun or Fodder. Wooll is weigh’d by the Clove, which is feven Pound , 01 by die Scene, which is fourteen Pounds; or by r!i: '.'i.y i.:. twenty eight Pounds; or by the Wry, 182 Pounds; or the Sack, 364 i ouilds ; or the L:(i, 4 s bS’ Pounds. In Efts they weigh Cheefe and Butter by S Pounds to the Clove, and 31 Cloves, or 2yd Pounds to the lV,j: I11

262 ®je^?E(tnt&tate Partin. Worcefler, Coventry, Hereford 6 quarters j 30 or 33 yards 78 pound. Glocejler, Oxou, Wilts, Somerfit. 7 quarters, 19 or 3; yards 76 pound. 1 ‘ Suffolk, Sorting, 6 quarters, 13. and 0.6 yards, 64 pound. Broad and narrow nrkjiirts, 4 quarters, 24 and 25 yards, Taunton, Dmijldle, Bridgewater, 7 quarters, 12 and 13 yards 30 pound. ’ Devonjhire Kerfies and Dozens, 4 quarters, t2 and n yards, 13 pound. Chequer Keriies, Grays, ftrip’d and plain, 4 quarters, n and r8 yards, 24 pound. Penniftons or Forrefts, 3 quarters and£ ra and r3 yards 28 pound. ’ Sorting Penniilon, 6 quarters andj, 13 and 14 yards, 3? pound. Walhers of Lamafhire, r 7 and 18 yards, 17 pound. Tod28 pound’ tor Sack 13 Tods. A Nale, 7 pound. I Sack makes 4 Standard Cloaths, 24 yards long, 6 J wide of 60 pound weight, call’d Sorting Cloaths. Horfct are mealured by the Hand, which is 4 Inches. For measuring of Land in England, 40 Perches in Length, and 4 m Breadth, make an Here of Land, (fo cal- !ed from the German Word rltker, and that from the La- :m w or A riger) 30 Acres ordinarily make a Tard-Land, and a Mile S* arS aCC0Unted an Hi and

Tdk

264 Parent (State Part Hi,

Table of Sflare Meafrns,

Of Timber, 43 Toot folid make a Tim, and jo Toota Moifttra rccefiimir, Receptive Meafure is twofold ; full, of liquid or moift things; fecondly, of dry things. Tile ordinary fmallefl Receptive Meafure is call’d a Pint; 2 Pints make a Quart; 2 Quarts make a Path ; 2 Pottles mike a Galhn: A Gallon of Beer, or rhe Meafure contain¬ ing 282 folid Indies; and holds of Rain-V/ater ro Pounds, 3 Ounces 1^5- Avoirdupois. S Gallons a Firkin of Ale, 2 fucli Firkins make a Kilderkin ; and 2 Kilderkins, or 32 Gallons make a Barrel of Ale; and 12 Barrels a Lajl : 9 Gallons a Firkin of Beer; 2 fucli Firkins, or 1S Gallons make a Kiidr- kin; 2 fucli Kilderkins, or 36 Gallons make a Barrel officer;

a66 SCljc JWcnt State Part m

A Table of Wine Meafure. A Tun of Wine weighing Avoirdupois 17 C. weight. One Pint 1 /. 0 f Ounces Try.

Pint1. y Gallons. t44 18 \PamMcts.

;;6 42 lajrjr-; fif"- 3°4~l63 llii*

100811617 L jjiJryjfiuf'. 1016156 114/4 6 *4 13 |i }7»w.

The fame for Honey, Oil, c^r. Note that a Rerht/Hoglhead is but 46 Gallons; and an High Country Hoglhead but 54 : A Malaga Butt or Pipe but 112 Gallons: A Canary Pipe but nfl. The received Difproportion in the Weights of Liquids is The Amphora of the Romans weighed of Wine or Rain- Water 50 lb. of Antwerp Weight. Note that 112 Pound at London makes but 107 £ at Ant¬ werp. _ _ Pounds. So that which contains of Wine or Rain Water.-4° Contains of River Water - -SS Of Ovl or Butter ——— - -4; Of Linfeed Oil ——— -- -;5 Of Quicklilver -• --8jo To meafure dry things, as Corn or Grain, there is firil the Gallon, which is bigger than the Wine Gallon, and lefs titan the Ale or Beer Gallon ; containing 2724 Cubick Inch- partffl. of ENGL AMU and o Pound, 13 Ounces, 12 Drachms and i Weight, Two of thefe Gallons make a Peel Pe-ks aB:ijW, fcur Bulhels the Cmb or Cnratri, cm nocks make a So,,,, or Raj, and ten Quarters which contains 5110 Pints, and fo many Iounc weisht- fo that in a Garrilon, yooo Men, allowin but a Pound of Bread per dim, will confume near or 80 Bulhels every Day, and a;o Men in a Ship c mil drink a Tun of Beei in two Days, allowing eac about a Pottle Per Dim.

8 1 Gallons, idii 7 7+ jl _i{l JL _A\W’els- 77T 2y. i2h|_6£ 32 » ±_31c ldoUohfe 51101256c 1280 64c J2oM_£jjJ

mij and 8 pounds, 6 ounces, 4 penny-weigh Bulhel <« pounds ^e»iW„fWV, and 68 pou,ids, I penny-weight Pray. Ail otner ■ • > .How this Meal'ure, which is !ut note, that where Sea-Coal, :his Bulhel, then they are heap-

Spctifp. 268 £r!je gjefcnt fyt&te Part ill

iJPonrV.] At Iirft all Nations bartered and exchanged one Commodity fijr another, bur that being found troublefome, by a kind of Cuftom, good Liking, or Ufage, amongft al] civilized Nations, Silver and Gold, as moft portable, plia¬ ble and beautiful, and lefs fubject ro Ruft, have been as early as the Days o$ Abraham, chofen robe the Inftrumenrs of Exchange and Meafure of all things, and were at Iirft paid only by Weight, till the Romans about 300 Years be* lore the Birth of thrift, invented coining or ftamplng of Gold and Silver. When 'Julius Cafar firft entred this Ifland, here were current inftcad of Money, certain Iron Rings ; afterwards the Romans brought in the life of Gold, Silver, and Braft Coin. In the time of King Richard I. Money coined in the taji parrs of G. nanny, being for its purity highly efteemed, foine of thole Eafierlings were fent for over , and ini* ployed in our Minr, and from thence our Money was called Encoding, cr Sterling Money, as fome think fas the iirft Gold coined in England, was by King Ethv. Ilf. and thofe Pieces called Florences, becaufe Florentines were rlie Iirft Coiners thereof^ though others lity ofthe Smn Word Stcr. weighty. Wilber.] King Edward I. fince the Kami an Conqueft,

270 2T!jc pjcfcnt State PartlU. In EryJ.imi at prefenr the Pound weight Troy of Gold is cut into forty four parrs and an half; each part is to pals for 20 r. and the half part for ro t. Yet non- by the Icarcity of Gold imported, each of the laid parts is currant i/. i ,_ There arc all'o coined i'ome pieces of 40 1. and fonre of 100 s. which holds proportionable in weight and flnenefs to the 20 r piece. The Engtijh Gold was coined at 44/. ro r. to the pound Troy, whereof 15 s. were taken by the King for his Seigno¬ rage, and Charge of Coinage ; and the Merchant for 1 pound of Gold received hut 43/. rjr. whereas he now re¬ ceives by the laid Aft of Parliament 44/. 10 s. The Standard of Sterling Silver in England is eleven Ounces and i. weight of line Silver, and 18 i. weight of Allay of Copper out of the Fire, and fo proportionably ; lb that twelve Ounces of pure Silver, without any Allay is worth 3 /. 4 s. 6 d. and an Ounce is worth ; s. yd. 1 «J. but with AUavis worth hut 31. and the Ounce ; s. The Spa-djh, Frmcb, and Fltmijh Gold is almoft of equal finenefs wirh the Englijk The Engiijh Silver Money hath Iefs of Allay than the

The Proportion of Gold to Silver in England, is as One to Fourteen, and about oneThird; that is to fay, one Ounce of Gold is worth in Silver fourteen Ounces, and about one Third, or.,/- .4'- * 4- 0? ^ Money. That the Engk’jh Coin may want neither the Purity nor Weight required,it was molt wifely and carefully provided, Partlll. «f ENGLAND. 271 Appearance, and then by a Jury of twenty four able Gold- finitlis, in the prefence of the faid Lords, every piece is moll xaftly effayedand weighed. Since the happy Reftaurationof his late Majefty K Charier the Second the Coining and Stamping of Money by Hammers hath been laid slide, and all Ramp’d by a Mill or Screw, whereby it comes to pafs, that our New Coins, for Neamcfs, Gracefulnefs, and Security from Counterfeiting, do furpafs all the mod Excellent Coins not only of the Romans, but of all the Modern Nations of the World.

CHAP. III.

Of Names, Titles of Honour, Privileges, &c.

Cngllff) quaj! Not,min.,.' Names were firil djdamtjS.J L\ impofed upon Men for Didinflion fake, by the Jews at their Circumcilion , by the Romans at the Ninth Day after their Birth, and by the Chrijtians at their Baptifm, of fucli Signification for the moll part that might denote die future good Hope or good Wiihes of Parents'to¬ wards their Children. The Englijh Names at Baptifm are generally either Saxin, as Robert, Richard, Henry, William, Edward, Edmund, Edwin, Gilbert, Waller, Leonard, &c. which are all very fignifi- cative; or eife out of the Old and New Teftamenr, J&rahsm, ifaac, iJacob, John , Thomas , Jawir, &c. or ' fomttimes the Mother’s Surname, and rarely two Cliri- flian Names, which yet is ulual in other Countries, cfpe- tially in Germany. Surnames.] Names fuperadded to the Chridian Names the french call Surnames, (i. e.) Safer nomina. The Hebrews, Greeks, and mod other Nations, had no Surnames fix’d to their Families, as in thefe Days ; but counted thus : for Example among die Hebrew's, Mthln, Seeaddi, ylddi Ben Cajam, dec. So tile Britains, Hugh ao Owen, Owen af Rhejc : So the Irijb, N;a! hit: en, Con .Mac Dtmiti, &c.

Airmans at their firft coming into England, brought :s for many of their Gentry, with' De prefix’d, as ■h do generally at this Day, and their Chriflian vere generally German, they being originally de- from Nirway, inhabited by Germans ; and fome t ico Years after the Conqueft took for Surnames hers Chriftian Name, with Fiti or Files prefix'd, as

Part 111. of ENGLAND t*r lgmv. part of ,i County, as LivJj.._. /W Craven ; forlle of a Idler parr, as a'.-ivi’erd, a Wa¬ pentake in Ttrkjlm, &c. Others have chofen tor their Ti¬ tle fome eminent Town, as Exeter, Bwtwt-r, Brijhi, &c. And Come of late have taken for their Title the Name of a fmall Village, their own Seat, or P«rk, o-r. as SP.to.t, Clvaim, Msigrnve, Uaniy. An Earlis created by the Cinfhtre of a SivorJ, Man¬ tle of State puntpon him by the liin^ himfslf, a Cap and a(Coronet put upon his Head, and a Charter in his Hand. All Earls are Riled by'the Kin;;, CwC; r.mlri, par Coufms, and they anciently did, and iliil may ale tile Sale All the Earls of Enf.v:'. are loss], or denominated front fome Shire, Town, or Elate, except two, whereof one is Perfonal, as the E.irl Mr.vf.zl of Er.jJ.i.-.l who is not only Honorary, as ail the relf, but all'o Officiary. The other is Nominal, viz. Earl Riven, who takes his Deno¬ mination from an illuftrious Family, as the reft do, from feme noted-Place. An Earl’s Mantle hath three doublings of Ermin. His Title is, Mtft Pm eat and NMeLtrJ. His Coronet hath the Pearls railed upon Pc::ils, and L:jot low between. tlifcoimt.] Vicecmee, Vice Canine jruheraxnrtti Co- mintm. This Title was iirli given, fome fay hy VI. in the iSrh Year of his Reign, to John ISs.vimi.t, though it may be found, that V. Hen. 5. Sir Reler: Brenr was lay the King created a I'ifitmt. . are Riled by the King, C.nfanpir.ei mftri, Our .Couiiro ; and his Title is Right UmeuralU and truly Nolie or A Ml trattf is made by Patent, as an Earl rfantle hath two doublings and an ha lis Coronet only Pearl! with a Jiou ain Number, clofeto the Chaplet. )lt.] In the Laws of the Leme'.-.ir , this Word was ufed for v„- ,s Vann, in the Ton ad for the la Baton is Hr, ear' hf5v!w he chief Burgefe of tea inqnifiree, are Called Bare. z-;6 ET)f gjtfettt State ParcItL BraHsn faith, the*- were called Barm, qteaji Robur Bell:, la the time of War, the lafety of the King, and of all his People, did depend upon their Courage, Wifdom, Condufi, and Skill in Martial Affairs. i Anciently thole Barons only were accounted Peers of! the Realm, that held of the King per integrant Bartnim, which coniifted of thirteen Knights Fees, and one third part (each Knight’s Fee being 20 /) which makes inall^o I Marks; and whoever had fo much, was wont to be fum. j moned to’Parliament. Now to hold yer Barm'am, is to hold pci- H:r,.{:tatan Barents, whether greater or lefs. Brrons in the beginning of the Reign of Hen. III. were not of lb much Repute as afterwards, when that King (af¬ ter that great Rebellion was fuppreffd) called by Writ unto Parliament, only fuch great Men as had continued Loyal; which the fucceeding King’s obferving, they only were accounted Peers of the Realm, that were called by the King’s Writ, and die other iolt their Peerage, as fom: great Authors affirm. The Earl Palatines, and Earl Marches of England, had anciently alfo their Barons under them ; as in Ckjbiretkm are yet I'uch Barons: but as no Biffiop but thofe that hold immediately of the King, are Peers of die Realm (for the Bilhopof Man, holding immediately of the Earl of Drlj, is no Peer) fo no Barons but thofe that hold immediately of the King, are Peers of the Realm. C.'px: BarorJ.c is i'ome Caftle, or chief Seat of a Noble¬ man , winch is not to be divided amongft Daughters (if there be no Sons) but mult defeend to the eldeft Daughter. Land holden by Barony, doth not make the Purchafer, that is Ignoble, to be Noble, although the Charge of fuch Tenure doth lie upon him, in refpeft of the Service of the Realm ; -no more than Land by Villain-Service doth make the Purchafer, that is a Freeman, a Villain, though he fhall theieby be bound to his Villain-Service due for Barons arc fometimes made by Writ, being thereby cal¬ led to lir m the higher Houle of Parliament; but moftu- luaMy by Patent. His Title is Right KMe L:rd. lie liadi two Guards or Doublings on his Mantle. part III of ENGLAND. 277 His Coroffit hath fix Pearls upon the Circle, given to that Degree by King Cbarks II. AH the fotementioned Degrees have the Title of Urd, from the Saxm Word Laford, Dondmis. All the Lords of England, both Spiritual and Tempo¬ ral, are Feudetaries to the King, and in their Creation, and alfo in their Succcfiion, do fivear.an Oath ofFealty, and do Ho¬ mage to the King their Sovereign, and pay certain Duties, as Sign and Symbols of their Subjection to their Prince. All Honours in England are given by the King, rvho is tie foie Fountain of Honour. The Laws of England prohibit all Subjefts of the Realm to receive any hereditary Title of Honour or Dignity, of the Gift of any foreign Prince or Emperor. None of tliefe Honours bellowed by the King on a Fa¬ mily can he loft, but by want of Illiie Male, except where the Patent extends to HTue Female, as fometimes it doth ; or elfebyfome heinous Crime, and then that Family cannot herenored to their Blood bur by Parliament. All Noblemen at their Creation have two Enfigns, to lignilie two Duties; their Heads are adorned ai wiju- Indian Kegtvi & Pat>-iam umpire pads, and they are girt with a Sword erf defendendum liegem 7' Pain.in: temper. Bad. The Nobility of England hive in all times enjoyed many conliderable rriviledges. All Peers of the Realm being look’d on as the King's Hereditary conft.ant Counfellors. their Perfons mu oh Par¬ liament-time are priviledg’d (as others in Parliament-timed from all Arrefts, unlefs for Treafons, Felony, or breach of Peace, Condemnation in Parliament, or Contempt to the King. No Snpplicsivit can be era.neJ asainft them ; no Ccpi.u or Exigent fued out againft them for A'-rinns of Debt or Trcfpafs, no Efoin lies againfr an/ Peer of the Realm, in Crinainal Caufes, Treafon or Fel.u.y ; ih.-y car- 2:8 srijf Pirfcnt Sfetste ' Part III. rn’y toprcmife ir Up» thir Hmur, which was evrac. cour.-cd ‘u iacrui, . -upon no Terms to be violated. A Peer ofrlie Realm was not to be put to the Rack or Tor¬ ture to uncover the Truth, though acculcd of Tiigii-Trei- 1 called to Parliament hath the or'1. il.’ilge in hit 1 vful Ablence, to conftitute a Proxy to tore for ho ■ which non-: of the Commons may do; c J 1 to them, they are allow¬ ed to make I.V uric-, by rcafon of the neceflity, fuppofcd in the Live, of their attendance on the Perlon of the King. 'Though neither Civil-Law nor Common-Law allow any other TeRi-nony to be valid but tvhat is given upon Oath ; yet the Teliimony of a Peer of Eiiglaiu!, given ir. Vron b.;r'Mw;>/iy virhour any Oath,is efteemeil valid; and they were unit to be examined upon theii Allegiance, and the Loyalty of their Chivalry, and to put in their Anfwer to a Bill, Safer Htnionn;, without taking an Oath, though! of Tatter times that Priviledge, by the neglect of fome Lord, hath been infringed fomecimes. A Day of Grace, by the favour of the Court, is not to be granted to the Plaintiff in any Suit or ASion wherein a Peer of the Realm js De¬ fendant; and this by Statute-Law, becaufe the Lav/prefumes rhar a Peer of the Realm mult always be ready to attend the Perlon of the King, and the Service of the Common¬ wealth, and therefore it is not to be delayed any longer than the ordinary ule of the Court, but to have expe¬ dition of Juflice. At the beginning of Parliament, when the Orth of Supremacy is exaCted of all thofe of the Houle of Commons, yet it is not required of any of the Lords, becaufe the King is otherwife allured of their Loyalty and Fidelity, as is preiumed. In all Cafes wherein the Pri- viledge of the Clergy is allowed to other Men, and alfo in divers Cafe, where that Priviledge is taken away from 0- r.'icr r'.'ien. everv veer of the Realm, having Place andVoice in Parliament, dial!, upon his Rcqned, by Star. 1 £fo. VI. without burning in rite Hand, Ic-fs of Inheritance, or Corruption of Blood, be adjudged fur the fil'd time as a Clerk convift, though he cannot read. The Title of Lm{ is due to all Barons, and to non ■ others benders Bilhops, and fome great Officers of the Kingdom. PartHI. of ENGLAND. 279 All Barm of England are exempted from all Attendance at Shriffs 2i«iw, or any Luts where others are obliged tc take the Oath of Mkgiami. A Peer can’t be outlawed in any Civil Aftion, becaufe he can’t be Arretted by any Caputs; and by the fame rcafon there lies no Attachment againil him. A Peer mute upon his Trial Hull be conviEt, but not prell’to Death, as a Commoner is; for by rhe Cufiom of England (as is by the Law of the Empire.) Kali sics tun : m-jn.au tur in juiltu Plebti terifmrmur, & Htbilis non fu[p,ndmiinr, fed diupituntnr: Yet this by the meer Favour of the King, and in fome Cafes, efpecially of Filmy, hath been otherwise lbme- For the luppreffing of Riots and Rants, the Sheriff may raife the Puffs Cornitatm, that is, all able Men are to affill Pea offfiTLa! m to attend that Service. A Baron of Parliament being fent for by the King’s Writ or Letter, or by his Adeflenger to come to Coer! or to Par- limat, or to appear before the Council Bom-rf, or in his Court of Chanctry, may both coming and returning by the King’s Foreft or Park, kill one or two Deer. In any Civil Trial where a Peer of the Realm is Plain¬ tiff or Defendant, there mult be returned of the Jury at leaf! one Knight, otherwife the Array may be qualhed by Chllirge. The Laws of England are fo tender of the Honour, Credit, Reputation and Perfons of Noblemen, that there is a Statute on purpofe to hinder all Offence by falfe Reports, whereby any Scandal to their Perfons may arile, or Debate anti Difcord between them and the Commons: and becaufe it is to defend not only Lay Lords,' but Bi- ftops, and all great Officers, of the Realm, it is called Scandahim IJagnatm. The Houle of Peers can’t in fome Cafes (as in Parch for prohibited Books, &c.) be entred by Officers of Jullice without a Warrant under the King’s own Hand, and rhe Hands of fix of his privy Council, whereof Four to be Peers of the Realm. No Peer can be AffelTed towards the Standing Militia hue by fix or more of themfelves. The Law allowing any one of the Commonalty, being Arraigned for Felony or Treafon, in f.vtmim vn tochal- T 4 lenge £E!je ^jcfcnt State Parti thirty five of his Jury, without (hewing Caufe, s by fhewing Caufe; yet allows not a Peer of L to challenge any of his Jury, or to put any :o their Oath, the Law prelunung, that they be :rs of the Realm, and judging upon their Hono t he guilty of Faljhmd, Fawns, or Malice. Peers of the Realm have a priviledge of qualify ain Number of Chaplains, who (after a Difpenfat the Archbifhop, if to him it feems good, and ratified under the Great Seal of England) may 1 ity of Benefices, with Cure of Souls. In this ir very Duke may qualified* Chaplains, every and Earl five a-piece, every Vifcount four, and ( cafe of Amercements of the Peers of the Realm si-Suits, or other Judgments, a Duke is to be at nly ten pounds, and all under only five poun his to be done by their Peers, according to M a, although it is often done now by the King’s Ji in Read of their Peers ; particularly by the Baror txebequer, becaufe formerly rhere fat no othe Court, but Barons of England; and now the t cement of a Duke is too pounds, and of a Baron Part III. of ENGLAND. 281 Other Privileges belong to the Peers of England, as Eight Tun of Wine Cuftom-free to every Earl, and to die reft pfoporticnably, &c. But no Lord hath thefe Priviledges of' Peerage, but Lords of Parliament, viz. no Dukes or Earls eldeltSons, Scotch or Irijh Lords, unlefs fummoned by the King’s Writ to an Englijh Parliament. Notwithftanding thefe great Priviledges belongingto the Nobility of England, yet the greateft of them (no not the Brother or Son of the King) ever had the Priviledge of the Grandees of Spain, to be covered in the King’s Prefence, except only Henri Ratcliff, Earl of Surrey. Nor ever had that higher Priviledge of the Nobility of Frame, whofc Dmain Lands and their Dependants holding them, are ex¬ empted from all Contributions and Taxes, by which Favour they are tied to their King, and fo enabled to ferve him, that although Rebellions are frequent, yet fel- domoflong Continuance, and never profperous; where¬ as the higheft bom Subjeft of England hath herein no more priviledge than the meaneft Ploughman, but utterly wants that kind of Reward for ancient Virtue, and Encourage¬ ment for future Induftry. If an appeal of Murder or Felony be fued by any com¬ mon perfon againft a Peer of the Realm, he (ball be tried by Commoners, and net by Peers, as was the Cafe of Font Lord Dacrei, faitn Guillm. NoPecr muft go out of die Kirg’s Dominions without Leave; and if any have Leave to go, lie is to return up¬ on the Kinu’s Writ under the privy .Veal, or f.rfeic Goods and Chattels. $2rccDCli'Cf. Touching the Places or Priced.-,itics a- mongft the Nobility of England, it is to be obferved. That (after the Kings and Princes of the Blood, viz. the Sons, Gtandfons, Brothers, Uncles, or Nephews of the King, 282 SCIie {3 jefrn fetate Partin. Chief Baron of the Exchequer, other Judges and Baront of the Degree of the Coif of the faid Courts, Bannerets made under the King’s Banner, or Standard difplayed in an Army-Royal in open War, and the King perfonally prefent, Vifcounts younger Sons, Barons younger Sons, Baronets, Mailers in Chancery, Knights Bannerets of a mean Creation, Knights of the Bath, Knights Batchellors, Colo¬ nels, Serjeants at Law, Dollars, Efquires, Lieutenant Colq. nels. Majors, Captains, Gentlemen, ire. Moreover obferve, that al] Nobles of the fame degree take place according to the Seniority of their Creation. The Lord Chancellor, the Lord Treafurer, Lord Prefi- dent of the King’s Council, Lord privy Seal; thefe being Barons, or above. Brail in Parliament lit above all Dukes, except the Son, Brother or Nephew of the King. The Lord High Steward of England is not here name!, becaufe it was i.tended that lie ihould not continue beyond the Occalion for which he Ihould be made, Next hath place the Lord Gre;t Chamberlain of England then the Lord High Conftable, the Earl Marital, the Lord High Admiral, Lord Steward of rhe King’s Houlhold, Lord Chamberlain of the King’s Houlhold : Thefe lhall fit after the Lord privy Seal, above all of their Degree only. And aP rhe King’s principal Secretary of State be a Baron, he takes place of all Barons that are not of the Offices before- mentioned ; but if he be a Vifcount, or higher Degree bo lhall take place only according to his Degree. Alfo, if the King’s Secretary be a Bilhop, as anciently was ufual, be takes place next to the Bilhop of Wind.ip, before all other Bilhops that have none of the Offices cfoie- faid. All Dukes, MarquilTes, Earls, Vifcounts, and Barons no: having any of the faid Offices, ffiall take place according to the Ancientry of their Creation. The Scotch Nobility and Gentry while they are in England, rake place next to thofe of the fame degree in England, and the Irijh next to the Scotch ; as for inllance, a Scotch or fnjl Duke, doth here in England take place of an Englijh Marqujfsr a Scotch or Irijh Earl of an Ettglijh Vifcount ; and fo its reft, nnlefs in Parliament; for there they take place accord- ingto their Englijh Degree only ; and if they are not Peers of England, they arctried here butas Commoners-The Ladies have precedency according to the Degree and Quality Part III. of ENGLAND. 285 their Hustende, agreeable to that old Maxim, User falget ri!.

There are certain Marls of State that belong to each Degree amongft the Nobility, which they may prattife or not praftife atpleafurc. 35ufee.] A Duke may have in all places out of the King’s prefence, a Cloth of State hanging down wirhin half a yard of the Ground ; fo Bruy his Dutcheis, and her Train born up by a Baronefs; and no Earl is to walh with a Duke without the Duke’s permifiion. i|)arquife.] A Marquifs may have a Cloth of Efrare reaching within a yard of the Ground, and that in ail places out of the prefence of the King, or a Duke; and his Marchionefs fo have her Train horn by a Knight’s Wife, out of the prefence of her Suptriours ; ami m rlieir pre- fence by a Gentlewoman : And no Vifcountis to walh with a Marquifs. but at liis pleafure. ®ari.] A11 Earl alfo may have a Ciotb of Ellate without Pendants, but only fringe ; and a Countefs may have her Train horn by anEfquire’s Wife, out of the prelence of her Supetiours, and in their prefence by a Gentleman. Hifcouilf.] A Vilcount may have a Cover of AfD.y holdcn underItisCup while hedrinks, but no Allay taken as Dukes, Marquifles, and Earls may have, and may have a Travers in his own Houfe ; and a Vifcountefs may iiave her Gown born up by a Woman, out of the prefence of her Su- riours, and in their prefence by a Man. Saton.] A Baron may alio have the Cover of his Cup holiien underneath whilft he drinkcrh, and a IJ.troncls may have her Gown born up by a Man in the prefence of a

and have Title of H^bmfs; their Caps of State 'tikes elded Sonsareborn, and have Title as Mar- mi the younger as Lord', with the Addition of their | Acmes, as Lord ’!km.:r, Lord Jehu, &c. lquifs’s elded S ■ is called Lord of a place, (and by iteiie of EvglaKi, Earl) and is to go as an Earl, but e place to an Earl, and the younger Sons I erds, as -Mr, Lord Jehu, ike. An 284 PJfffllf Stale Partin. An Earl’s eldeft Son is born as a Vifcount, and Ihall go K a Vifcount, and Ihall have as many Powderings as a Vifcount j fo their younger Sons are faid to be born as Bi. rons, but Ihall go after all Barons, and before all Baronets: And an Earl’s eideft Son is called Lord of a Place j and all bis Daughters Ladies; but his youngeft Sons not A Vifcount’s eldeft Son is no Lord, nor his Daughters Ladies ; And therefore the eldeft Son and the eideft Daughter of the firft Vifcount of England, is laid to be the firft Gentleman and Gentlewoman without Tide in England; Vet a Vifcount s eldeft Son is faid to be born as a Baron. A Nobleman, whether Englljh or Foreigner, who hath bis Title of Nobility only from a Foreign Monarch or State, tho’ he comes into England by the King’s fafe Condnft,' and tho’ the King ftile him by his Title of Dignity, yet in all our Law Proceedings no notice is taken of his Nobility; nay, tho’ he be Naturalized by Aft of Parliament, or born in England with that Foreign Title, unlefs the King’s Writ hath fummoned him to Parliament: For it appertaineth to the Royal Prerogative of the King, to call and admit an Alien born, to nave Placeand Voice in his Parliament at his pleafure, Gail.' Herald, p. 2. p. 16. Note alfo, That the higheftand lowed Degrees of Nobili¬ ty are univerfally acknowledged ; for a Knight (English or Foreigner) is a Knight in allNations. Alfo if the Empmt or any Foreign King come into this Realm by fafe Condud (as he ought; for a King or Abfolute Prince, though he be in League, may not enter this Land without Licence) in this cafe he fliall here Sue and be Sued by the Name of Emperor or King, or elfe the Writ fhall abate. Gaellim fiftJElllI?.] The Laws and Cuftoms of England (al¬ ways willing that Dea-,am and Cmvcnitncj (lioulci be every where obferved, and conitdering the Charges and Expences appertaining to thefcveral Degrees of Honour, as they be¬ long to Men of principal Service to the King and Realm, both in time of War and Peace) expefted that each of’em fiiould have a convenient Eftate, and Value of Lands of Inheritance,^for iupport of their Honours and the King’s a Pound Sterling was worth 30 /. of our Money now, as Part III. of ENGLAND. 2gy appears by the then Price of all things, every Knight was to have about 800 Acres, reckoned at ao /. yearly in Land ; that is, about 6001. of our Money at this day; A Baron to have thirteen Knights Fees, and one third part, which a- mounted to about 167 /. svhich multiplied by 30, was as much as Soto 1. a year at tills day : And an Earl twenty Knighs Fees; a Duke forty. And in cafe of decay of Nobility, or that they had fo far wafted their Revenues, that their Honours could not decently he maintain’d, ("as the Roman Senators were in fuch cafes removed from the Senate, fo) fometimes fome Englijb Barons have not been admitted to fit in the Higher Houfe of Parliament, tho’ they keep the Name and Title or Dignity ftill. But to prevent this wailing of Revenues, whereof at pre- fent there are too many v/otul Examples in £»g/W,the Spa- mjk King puts a Curator at Guardian over any Lord of Spain, that by Prodigality is like fo to wafte his Ellate, as that hit Honour and Title cannot be fufficientlyfupporred. For the better fupport of thefe Degrees of Honour, the King doth ufually upon the Creation of a Duke, Marcjuifs, Eatl, otVifcounr, grant an Annuity or yearly Rent to them and their Heirs, which is fo annexed to the Dignity, that by no Grant, Aflurance, or any manner of Alienations can he given from the fame, but is ftill incident to, and a fupport of the fame Dignity, contrary to that Principle in Law, That every Land of Fee-Simple Kay le charged with .1 Riot in Fee-Simple, by one may cr other. To a Duka the King grants 40 /. heretofore a conquerable Penlion; to a Maiguifs 40 Marks; to an Earl 10/. to a Vifcount ao Marks. To Barons no fuch Penfions are ordi¬ narily granted, only King Charles the Firft created biotin:joy Bhmt (the late Earl of Newport) Lord Mount joy of Thitri- jhnt, granted him a Fee of ao Marks per Annum to him and his Heirs for ever. As the King of England hath ever had the Repute of the ri- cheft in Detrains of any King in Europe, fo the Nobility of England have been accounted the richeft ill Lands of any Neighbouring Nation ; fome having above 20000 /. yearly, others 150001. and fo many of them above 100001. that if one with another they have but 8coo/. yearly, it will amount in all amongft the 171 Lords, to above_ 1368000 /. a Year, about the tenth part of the yearly Re-' venue of iU England. The 2g 6 JT6e fjelient Staff Partin The Englijh Nobility for Valour, Wifdom Integri^ and Honour, hath in all former Ages been equal to any m Chr'iflinim. Every Lord’s Houfe was a kind of well difciplin’d Court, iniomuch that the Gentry, Males and Females, were wonrto be fent thither for Vertuous Breeding, and returned excel¬ lently accomplilhed. At home their Table, Attendance, Officer?, Exercifes, i Recreations, Garb, was an Honour to the Nation. Abroad they were attended with as brave, numerous and 1 uniform Train of Servants and Followers as anyin£m;r; not thinking it confident with their Honours to be fesn walk tile Streets almoll in Cuerpo with one Lacquey, or not that, much lefs to be found drinking in a Tavern or Coft-e- I Houfe. ... If fome of the Englifis Nobility, by a long continued Peace, exceflive Luxury in Diet, want of Aftion, ire. u-ere before the late Wars, born more feeble in Body than their Anceltors, and by too line and too full Diet, afterwards I were rendered weaker in Mind; and then during the late Troubles, by much Licentioulnefs, and want of lit Educa- I tion, were lb debauch’d, that it was lately difficult to find (as fome are bold to affirm), the Courage, Wifdom, Juftice, Integrity, Honour, Sobriety and Cutteiie of the Ancient Nobility ; yet it is not to be doubted but that under fucb a Warlike enterpriling Prince as King William the Third, all rhofe Vermes of their Forefathers may fpring afrelh. And it is to be hoped we lhall loon fee revived that brave Martial Spirit of thole Englijh Heroes recorded in Hiflory, The A- rmidels, Auiieys, Bajjets, Beauchamps, Berkeleys, Blounts, Chav cits'j, Cheyneyt, Ciijjords, Courtneys, Devcreuxs, Greenville, Him. ctrds, Lijles, Mm, Morgans, Nevils, Ogles, Piercies, Sachills, Spencers, Talbots, Veres, Utnphrewlls, &c. whofe valiant Ex¬ ploits, and even their very Names, more than once made Frame to tremble.

CHAP. PartlH. ofENGLAND. 287

CHAP. IV.

Of the Commais of England, and therein of Baro- mtS) Knights, Efyuires, Gentlemcn} Yeomen} Citi- zenS) Handicrafts, 8cc.

THE Law of England, contrary to the Laws and Cu. ftoms of other Countries, calleth none Mlt under a Berm; fo that not only all Baronets, all fortsof Knights, all Efquires and Gentlemen, but all'o the Sons of the °Nol hility are by our Law reckoned among!! the Commons of talked; as in Rome there was a middle Rank, inter Senatmi &Phhn, called Patrleii, fo in other ChriJUan Kiwdern they are filled. Milts mimret. “ Y The lower Nobility then of England confilh of Banntts, Knights, {.[quires, and Gentlonen. Keronrtfi.] The next Degree to Barons, are Boro- nits, which is the lowed Degree of Honour that is Heredi¬ tary ; They arc condituted irn the Room of the Ancient Kihifears, between the Baron11s of England, and the Orders of Knights, an Honour firft inftitruted by King Jtimes the Fird, st,m itfrr, given by Patent: to a Man and his Heirs Males of his own Body lawfully bregotten : for which each one is obliged to pay intu 11 for three Years, at Eigl Foot Soldiers to ferve in in Ireland ; which Sum amounts Fees, doth commonly arife to r 2c llsmets have Prec. re all Knights, 'except 'Knights of the Gart . ho are i'rhy.Counfel- lors, or Knights Banne lder the King’s Ban- Barons. . The lirii Iiaronet that was created was Sir Nicholas Sam of Suffolk, whofe Succeflbr is therefore Ailed Primus Barns-

£nig!)t.] The Word Knight is derived from tie German Word Kuccht, fignifying originally a LuBy Ser¬ vitor, afterwards commonly ul'ed for a Soldier or Mar. The Germans (as the ancient Ronimis gave their young Men Togam VirsUm) by puhlick Authority bellowed on their young Men able to manage Arms, a Shield and a Javelin as fit for Martial Service, and to be a Member of the Commonwealth, accounted before but a part of a Family ; and i'uch a young -Man publickly allowed, they called Kmoht; whence we had our Inllitution of Knighthood. The thing Knight is at this day fignifiedin Latin, French, Sfent-p, Italian, and alfo in High anti Low Dutch Tongues, by a Word that properly hyniiies a !hr],man, becaul'e they were wontto lerve on I.'oneback, and were fomethnesin England called Radenbiyss, (.d ejl) Riding Servitors; yet our Common Law Biles them J/L/rrr,Soldiers,becaufe they^com¬ monly held Lands in Knights Service, to fervethe King iti his Wars as Soldiers. The Honour of Knighthood is commonly given for feme Petfoml Dcfcrr,and therefore dies with the Perfon deferring

290 2Clje gjefnu ^tatc PartBi. part of fr.TO«, not only our Laws, Pleadings and Sermons were in M-er/;, but that was the ordinary Language in thi Court of Evgi.vtd. It appears by ancient Writings, that this .Honourable Company is a Colledge or Corporation, having a great Seal belonging to it, and a little Seal, confiding of the So¬ vereign (which is always the King of EiigUtid.) and of twenty five Companions, called Knights of tin Gurus ; of a Das, and twelve Canons, belides Petty-Canons, Vergers, ando- tlier inferiour Officers, and of twenty fix poor Knights, who have no other Maintenance but the Allowance of this Colledge, which is given them in refpeft of their Prayers for the Welfare of the Sovereign and Companions, and ts a Re ward for Military Service. This Society is cntituled to St. Gorge, who hath been re¬ counted (as St. Dam is of Fnmt, St. Andrew of. SutlmJ St. Patrick of inhnd, St. Jurat; of Spain, is;c.) the Patron Saint of England, and of tlris Order in particular; and none of thofe fabulous St. Georges as iome have vainly fen¬ ded ; hut that famous Saint and Soldier of Clirifl, St. G;r# of Cappadceia : A Saint lb imiverlally received in all Tarts of Cbrijic/Atmr, fo generally attefled by the Ecclcfultiul Writers of all Ages from the time of his Martyrdom to this Day, that no one Saint in all the Calendar (except thofe attefted by Holy Scripture) is better evidenced.

A Lift of the T)fftcm bdovting to the OrJer of the GARTER.

2J2 z\n P?tfcnt State Partin, fenigtjfjj 33ann!X£tS.] In the next place ate Knight, Bannerets, Eanitos Vexilliferi, anciently made only in the Field in time of War, an high Honour, now obfolete, there being at this time none of .this Order in England. Thefe may bear their Arms with Supporters, and none under this Degree. iG.ur.fei)nrs at Law, of D I 2j4 fflie&cfciu&iste Pait III. Tin Kn:ghts and Ihqmrss of this Nation, for Valour and Courage, for IViftlom, good Hofpitality, Literature, and o- ther genteel Qualities, might compare with any Kingdom :ji Chridehdom. In the Liit place, amone the lower Nobilitv. are arrramt. cd file Gentry of England, that have no other Title, but ate tkfeended of ancient Families, tliat have always bom a iis kind of Honour is derived from the Genka,it to the of Kkriseendm, and was never known in any Conn- vliere the Crtw.w Cultoms were unknown, as in sijin, m, and J-r.crUa- The Germans anciently oft warring a- g themlelves, painted their Scutcheons with,the Pifture v.ie tk Pi, bird, or other thing for diftinftion, and put : eminent and vilible Mark upon the Crefls. of their nets ; and their Ornament both of Arms and Creft, ended by the Inheritance of their Children, to the el- ,.urc, and to the red, with fome note of didinftion, as the old Maftcr of Ceremonies, in High-Dutch, He- , now Herald thought fit. qua(i Gejililis, which inthepured times of the ik Tongue, iignified the lame thing with them as Gra¬ in doth with us, to wit, one of a good Family, none of ue Anceflors wete ever Servants, and who themfelves e never degraded by reafon of Mil'demeanour or Fover-

mjervhit, &,}ui Cafite Dmimti Servers, is to be undertlood of mi at ferving a Prince or Senator; tl Girth ; but fince the declining of iWliri of ENGLAND. 29^ Nobility, up nor the King himfelf, have thought it unfit- tin" to make them fometimes their Companions. The Title of Gentlemen, in England (as of Cavalier \n Trmti, Italy and Spin) is hot difdained by any Nobleman. All Noblemen are Gentlemen, though all Gentlemen are nor Noblemen. Guilita is of the Opinion, That if a Gentleman be bound an Apprentice to a Merchant, or other Trade, lie hath not thereby loft his Degree of,Gentility. Part a. cap. zS.p. i; j. The true agh'/h Nobility "and Gentry have in all times made it their main Aim fo endow their Sons tilth fuch Accompliihments efpecially, as might render them capable to defendTheir Country in time of War, and to govern it in time of Peace ; for which two things all Gentlemen feemto be born; and therefore their chief Studies have e- ver been that of the great Enfperor Jtifiiniasi, and ftiould beof all Princes and Nobles, viz. Disni Lrgcs & fan's Ar¬ ms fj.m uptime caSere; To be excellently skilled in the Art of War abroad, and in the Laws of the Land at home.

Triviletlges of the Leaver Nobilit]. TilE Lower Nobility of England have fewer and left Priviledges than thole in other Monarchies. Some few Priviledges belong to Knights, qua'.cuss Knights. Knights are excufed from attendance at Ctssrt Luts. Knights by M.rpr.a Crarta, cap. 21. are fo freed that no De- mefn Cart of theirs may be taken. The Son and Brother of a Knight, ly Statute Law, are capacitated to hold more than one Benefice with Cute of Souls. By the Stat. prime jtacobi prmi, itfeems tint Knights and their Sons, (though they cannot fpend 10 /. par Armans, nor are worth 200/.) may keep Greyhounds, Setting-Dogs, or Nets, to take Pheafants or Partridges. Some Priviledges alfo belong to Gentlemen ; anciently if an Ignoble Pctl'on did Alike a Gentleman in Erghsid, he A Gentleman, by Stat. cjrdsst. Eliz. cap 4 may not lie compelled to &rve in Husbandry. V 4 If 296 EClje 10jet£nt s&tate Partlll. It aC.rti.tr go again!! A. B. Yeoman, and if the Sheriff take A■ B. Gentleman, an A&ion of falfe Imprifonment lv. «li again!! the Sheriff The Child of a Gentleman brought up to fing, cannot be taken without the Parents and Friends Confent, to fcive in the King’s Chappel, as others may The Horle of a Gentleman may not be taken to rids Pof!. Mj.y, That as there are fome great Officers of the Crown, who for their Dignity, and worth of their places, although they are not Noblemen, yettake place among!! the higheft of the higher Nobility, fo there are fome Perfons whofor their Dignities in the Church, Degrees in the Univerfity, Offices in the State or Army, although they are neither Knights nor Gcudemen born, yet take place among!! them; fo all Deans, Archdeacons, Chancellors, Prebends, Dofiors of Divinity, Law, Phylick, and Murick, Heads of Houles in the Univeruties, ulually take place next to Knights, and before ordinary Efquires and Gentlemen. Yer in other Chriftian Countries where the Civil Law hath its due credit in l'uch Ach as concern Learning, a Doflor of Law hath precedence of a Knight; as alfo at Court and foreign Parrs, tliofe Doctors that wait on the Prince, precede Knights who are Servants to the Prince; cur otherwife Knights uli.ally take place of Doftors. Colonels are Honourable, apd by rhe Law of Arms ought ro precede liniple Knights ; fo are all general Officers, as Matter of the Artillery, Quarrer-maflcr-General, ire. All higher Officers in the King’s Court, or Srate, all Ser- , and Phylick, all Do- .•d Mailers of Arts, all Bar-

efe Qualiii- all Nobility) and Arms ;'ro all the Sohs alike, on- witliout difference, which , in Zr.A.c.rA, the number is fo cd at prelent above joo Baronets Part HI. of E N G L A N D. 297 mote than the firft intended number ; cliat is , in ail above ;oo, who are polfeft, one with another, of about 1:00/. a year in Lands. Of Knights, above 1400 who' one with another may have about 800/. Lands a year. Of Enquires and Gentlemen above 6000, each one polleft one with another, of about 400 1. a year in Lands, amounting in all to about a third part of the yearly Revenue of all Eng¬ land: Belides younger Brothers, whofe number may amount to above 16000 in all England, who have fmaU Eftates in Land, but are commonly bred up to Divinity, the Law Phylick, to Court and Military Employments. All in England are accounted Gentlemen who maintain themfelves without Manual Labour, and then well may thole (be their Pedegree what it will) who have 6, 8, and 10000 1. a year in Lands, and divers Merchants who have 100000 or aooooo l. in Goods and Effefts, Rile themfelves

gromrn.] Next to the Lower Nobility, and the firft de¬ gree of the Commons or Plebeians, are the Free-holders in England, commonly called Ttimen, from the high Dutch, G3»iU, or Gtmain, in Englilh, Qatmnm : So in the King’s' Court itiignifies an Officer which is in a middle place be¬ tween a Sergeant and a Groom : or elfe from the low Dutch Tumm.Sme kdy. ' The Yeomanry of England having Lands of their own to a good value, and living upon Husbandry, are looked upon as not apt to commit, or omit any thing that may en¬ danger their Eftates and Credits, not apt to be corrupt¬ ed or fuborn’d, &c. wherefore they are adjudged lit to bear fome Offices, as of Conftable, Church-warden, to ferve up¬ on Juries, to be trained Soldiers, to vote in the Eleftion of Knights of the Shire of Parliament, &c. In Cafes and Caufes,the Law of England hath conceived a barter Opinion of the Yeomanry, that occupy Lands, than of Tnjefnu'n, Artificers, or Labourers. Husbandry hath in no Age rendered a Gentleman igno¬ ble, nor incapable of places of Honour. Among the Ramans, fome of the greateft Dictators and Conluls had been once Husbandmen, and fome of them ta- hn from ploughing their Ground, to bear thofe higheft 253 -fEfJe fetatc PartlH. pcrotVhave'excrcifed Agriculture ; and the grand SrrprV,ani the Lihpbror Dltclcjian, left ‘their Commands to enjoy Hup Outlie- l'rcc-liotders of Sgfos/, there are more in mim- liet.add (ichef than in any Country of the like Extent in fr npei s-fo.Ot foil i Year apiece is very ordinary, 106 and iodl. a'Yeir in Come Counfies is not rarer fosnetims jn Kbit 1060, and rye'd'/. per Annum, and'3 or 4000/,' Stock." ‘ ■fly- (lie Statutes of Engtind, certain Immunities ate ci. ven to Eree-hbldetS. Vide tStsit. t 'pc. I. cap. 27. & aliii. '■ ■M&i theft Pfee-holdeis which are fo called, becaufe they iiolJ Linds or Tenements inheritable by a perpetml #lfel)t"to them and theftf lejrsfor ever) tliere'are in fijW iH-efy'great Number of Copy-holders, who hold Lamb trithfrf’foiiie' Mannoui's; only by Copy of Court-Roll of the laid Mannour.ch. and have ’jinpcrpttmm & utile Dim- xixn, though not Aldttan 6~ direllsm Doininim, which Free.liollers may improperly be faid to have; for properly rione.i’ri Euc.Wouc the lung hath. hole Yeomen were furious-in old time for military Va- and liarduiels, when we fo often conquered Frmt; and n- fhould be the Militia of England chief . ..ensof England, in the next place, are ciltferi, airiong whom Merchants of Foreig.i I tf , for their great Benefit to the Publick, and wments and generous Living, been of bell and ; and although tile Law of England looki^ en and Chaprpen, that live by Buying and* 1 mean tori: of People, and _ that a Ward .vitfiin Age ighc bring his Aftion of Dilparagement a- unit hisouardian for offering any fuch in Marriage ; yet , England, a; well as Italy, to become a Merchant of fe¬ ign Commerce, hath been allowed no Difparagement to a eiitleman born, efpecially to a younger Brother. Amongll Tradefmen, in the firft place are Whole-file ten, then Retailers; hilly, Mechanicks, or Handicrafts- leu. Tilde arc_all capable of bearing fome Sway or Of- in Cities and towns Corporate. The lowed Member , the Feet of tl-.e Body Politick, are le Day-Labourers, who by their large Wages and the leapnais of all Neceftaries, enjoy better Dwellings, Diet, Old joo SCtje pjcfent State Part m. Seventhly, No Freeman ran be-tried but by his Peers nor condemned, but by the Laws of the Land, or by ail Aft of Parliament. Eighthly, NoFreeman maybe fined for any Crime, lot according to the Merit of the Offence , always Salvt fdi contenemMo fm, in fuch manner that lie may continue, and go on in his Calling. Briefly, If it be confidered only, that they are fubjeft to no Laws but what they make themfelves, nor no Taxes bat what they impofe upon themfelves, and pray the King and the Lords to confent unto, their Liberties and Properties mud be acknowledged to be tranfeendent, and their worldly Condition molt happy and blefled, and fo fir above that of the Subjefts of any of our Neighbour Nations, that as all the Women in Europe would run into England (iht Paradifeof Women.) if there were a Bridge made over the Sea; fo all the Men too, if there were but an Aft for a ge¬ neral Naturalization of all Aliens.

Of the Women, Children, and Servants in England. rluching the Women of England, there are divers things conliderablc in the Er.glijh Laws and Cnftoins. Wo¬ men in Ei.glarJ, with all their Moveable Goods fc foon is they are married, are wholly in fucjlate Vm, at the Will and Difpoiition of the Husband. If any Goods or Chattels he given to a Feme Cmt, (i e) to a married Woman, they all immediately become her Husband’s : She can’t Let, Set, Sell, Give away, or A- lienate any thing without her Husband's Confent. Her very neceflary Apparel, by the Law, is not hers in Property. If fire Imcll any Tenure at all, it is in Ofilt, that is. Ihe holds it of. and liv her Husband, who is Ccpr All the Chattels perfor .1 the Wife had at the Marriige, , tliat after his Death, they fluB .ir uo to the Executor, or Adir.i- s his other Goods and Chattels, a. or prater Dot,ilia, which W Part III- of ENG LAND. jor her neceffary Apparel, which, with the Confent of her Husband, flie may devife by Will, not otherwile by our Law, becaufe the Property:and Poffcdton, even of the Pa- The Wife can make, no Contract without her Husband’s Confent, and in all Law Matters fmt viio rt/pindoro non goteji, can’t reply without her Husband. The Law of England fuppofes in the Husband the Pow¬ er over his Wife, as over his Child or Servant, and there* fore he mud anfwer for his Wife’s Fault; if Ihe wrong a- notlier by her Tongue, or by Trefpafs, he mud make Sa- So the Law makes it as high a Crime, and allots the fame Punilhment toa Woman that Ihall kill her Husband, as to a Woman that (hall kill her Father or Mailer ; and that is Petit-Treafon, to be burnt alive. So that a Wifein England ado jure, but the bed of Ser¬ vants, having nothing her own, in a more proper l'enfe than a Child hath, whom his Father differs to call many tilings his own; yet can difpofe of nothing. The Woman upon Afarriage lofeth not only the Power over her Perfon, and her Will, and the Property of her Goods, but her very Name ; for ever after Hie ufeth her Husband’s Surname, and her own is wholly laid afide; which is not obferv’d in France and other Countries, where the Wife fubferibes her ielf by her Paternal Name, as if yfm,7 the Daughter of R.Cliford. be married to E.Cham- hrhjm, Ihe either writes he; lelf Sufanna Clifford, or elfa hfimv.1 Clifford Clmmkrla.jm. Notsvithdanding all which their Condition dtfncro is the bell of the World ; for fuch is the good Nature of Engiijh- rcoi towards their Wives, fuch is the Tcndernefs and Ke- fpefl, giving them the uppermod place at Table, and elfe- where, the Right-hand every where, and putting them upon no Drudgery and Hardlliip ; that they are, generally fpeak- ing, tile mod happy Women in the World. Belides in feme things the Laws of England are above o- therNations, fo favourable to that Sex, as if Women had voted at the making of them. ' If a Wife bring forth a Child, during her Husband’s long Abl'ence, though it be for fome Years, yet if he lived all the time inter qiintmr Man ia, within this Hi nd, he mud father that Child ; and if that Child be her hrft horn Hon, ;o2 Kart III

If a Wife bring forth a Chilli begotten by a former Htf. band, or by any other, before Marriage, but born after jy,,. fiage with another Man; this latter muft own the ChiM and that Child' fliall be his Heir atXasV. ' The Wife after her Husband’s Death, havii turc fettled before Marriage,' may ‘challenge tiltie child ijjjJt his yearly Rents of Land during her Life ; and \vit!ii,lu:. City of Ltmhn, a third part of all her' Husband's MoreaMs As the Wife doth participate’ of her Husband’s Naira, fo liltewife of his Condition. Ifhe be a Duke, ihe is a Dus chefi ; if he be a Knight, ihe is a Lady; if he he an dli- .en, made a Denifon, Ihe is iffi fticio fo too. If a Free man marry a Rond-woman, Hie is alfo Tree during the Cc- verture ; whereof1 '■ alfo"o it is fair! as before, Ee«i■ fvgn r? "'All Won iprifed under Nobl{ 01 gnoble. ' Noble-Women are fo three icr of ways, vis. hyCii- ation, by Defcent, and by iMa The King, the Fountain of Honour, may, and oft hath created Women to be Baroneffcs, Counters, Durchelfcs, & As by Richard the Second’s Creation, hl.irg.irct, Countefsof ihrfk, was made Dutchefs of Mrfolk for Life; fo-far fi.-r.ta, afterwards Wife to Hen. VIII. was made Mardiioneii of Pmlrckc-, the Lady Mary Common in King lamnk Firft’s time, was made Countels of Buckingham for Life; the laid King 'James made tlie Lady Finch Vifcounteis of h!r..i- ’ ’ ” ‘ ” ’ ” ’ body, with a Ij al Claul mid has Voice an! 1

do defo

;04 JEljc gjefent £>tnte PartllL the Wife for her Dowry hath the third part of her Huf. band’s Lands, during her Life, lo the Husband for the Dignity of his Sex, and for getting his Wife with Child, (which mull: appear by being born aliv-e) Ihallhave all his Wife’s Lands (for his Dowry, if it may be fo ailed) during his Life : But if a Foreign Lady or Gentlewoman marry. an Engliib Man, and Ihe her felfbe not denizen’d, (heis barr’d all Priviledges and Titles due to her Husband, nor can (he claim any Dowry by the Laws of England. By the Conftiturionof England, married Perfons are fo fall joyned, that they may not be wholly parted by any A- greement between themfelves, but only by Sentence of the Judges, and fuch Separation is either d Vinculo Matrimonii, and that is, oh prutcontraBum, ml oh contraflttm per mctiat cfe- Sum, velehfrigiditatem.vcl oh affinitatcm, five Confanguinit*. tem, vcl ob favitiam •, or elfe fuch Separation is i Mcnfa ir There, and that is, oh MaUerim. The Wife in£ngland is accounted fo much one with her • Husband, that Ihe can’t be produc’d as Witnefs for ora- againO: her Husband. . If there be no Sons, the Lands as well as Goods ares- qually divided amongfl: the Daughters, who are Co-heirs. If an Englijh Woman marry a French, Spamjh, or Other fo- reign Duke, tho1 he be made a Denizen, yet ihe Inal! not bear his Tide and Dignity in legal Proceedings. The like if Ihe marry a Scotch or Irifi Peer, by reafonfuch an ones Husband is not a Peer in England by Law.

Children.

’HE Condition of Children in England is different front ' ' ' ur Neighbour Countries. As Husbands' have' a more-e auioiuicabfolute Authoritym over their Wives and their Eilates, fo Fathers have a: thority over rheir Children. Fathers may dl their E- flares unintailed from their own Children, ana an tu » «... Child, and none to the reft ; the Confideration whereot keeps the Children in great Awe. . Children, by the Common-Law of England ate, at certain Ages enabled to perform certain Ails.

50 6 Elje gjetcnt State Part III.

Of Servants. THE Condition of Servants in England is much more favourable, than it was in our Ancettors Days, when it was fo bad, that England was called the Purgatory of Ser¬ vants, as it was, and is ftill the Paradife for Wivo, and the Hell for Horfes. Ordinary Servants are hired commonly for one Year, at the End whereof they may be free (giving Warning three Months before) and may place theinfelves with other Matters, only it is accounted Dilcourteous and Unfriendly to take another Min’s Ser¬ vant before leave given by his former Matter ; and In- difcreet to take a Servant without Certificate of his Dili¬ gence, and of his Faithfulneis in his Service, to his for¬ mer Matter. All Servants are fubjeft to be corre&ed by their Mallei;, or Mittrelfes; and Relittance in a Servant is puniihed with a fevere penalty ; but for a Servant to tiki away the life of his Matter or Miftrefs, is accounted a Crime next to iligh-Treaibn, and called Puit-lrcafou, and hath a peculiar punifhment Capital. Foreign Slaves in England there arc none lince Chriftimi* ty prevailed. A Foreign Slave brought into England, is upon landing, ipfofaclo free from Slavery, but not from ordinary Some Lands in England are holdcn in Villanage, to do fume particular Services to the Lord of the Mannour; and fuch Tenants may be called the Lord's Servants. There is a Two*fold Tenure called Villanage, one where the Tenure only i-> Servile, as to plough the Lord’s Grounds, Sow, Reap, and bring home his Corn, DimghisLind,cv.'. Tlie other whereby both Perlbn and Tenure is lervik.anl bound in all Refpeih. at the difpolirion of the Lord ; fuch Perfonsare called in Law, Pure P'illilns, and are to do ill VjJlanous Services, ro improve the Land they hold to the Lord’s ule, themfelves ro be wholly at tile LoiJ’s Service, and whatfoever they get is lbr their Lord ; of fuch there are but few now in England; the neareft to this condirio.1 arc Apprentices (that iignifies Learners) a fortof Servants that carry the Mark of pure Villains, or Bond-Slaves,

308 Sfljc pjcfcnt State Part 111, Law much ufe is made in Treaties with foreign Potentates, where many Points are to he determined and concluded, -according to the direftion of this moll excellent and gene¬ ral approved Law, and for this Caufe foreign Princes take el'pecial care to chnofe fuch Pei Ions for tiieir AmbaE dors as are skilled in rhe Civil-Law ; and this Policy was heretofore duly obferved by our Englijl Princes, with very good fuccefs. LaiHy , tile Two Univerfities of Erphrd feri-e thcmfeh es of the Civil-Law ; for by their Privi- ledges no Student is to be fried at Common-Law, bn! in the Vice-chancellors Courts for Debts, Accounts, in-

Canon iato ] The Canons of many ancient Gene- ral Councils, of many National and Provincial Englijb Sy¬ nods, be,ides divers Decrees of the Bilhop of Rotate, and Judgments of ancient Lathers, had been received by the Church of England, and incorporated into the Body of tbs C mon-Law, by which lire did ever proceed in the exercile of her Jurililiifion, and doth Bill by Vemie of the Statute as Hew. VIII. fo fir as the faid Canons and Conftitutionsare not repugnant to the Holy Scripture, to the King’s Prero¬ gative, or the Laws, Statutes, and Cuftoms of this Realm; and thefe are called the King’s EccIeliafticalLaws, which have feveral Proceedings, and fevcral Ends from the Temponl Laws; theft- iniliiting Punilhment upon the Body, Lands, and Goods, and to punifh the outward Man ; butthofeyn falttte jjnhnt, to reward theinsvard Man ; both joining ia this, to have the whole Man outwardly and inwardly re¬ formed. CommOlPjHalb.] The Ctnmmn-Ltm of England is the Common Cuftoms of the Kingdom, which have by length of time obtained the force of Laws : It is .called Lix w f-ripta, (not but that we have them written in the old AV.’-.Dl.tl-til, which being no where vulgarly ufed, va¬ ries no more than the Latin) but becaufe it cannot hemal; by Charter or Parliament, for thofe arc always matters of Record, whereas Cuftoms are only matter of Faft, and an no where but in the memory of the People, and of all Laws muft be the bed for the Engtijh, for the written Laws made in England, by King and Parliaments, areim- poled upon the Subjeft, before any Probation or Tryal,

;i6 SEljc pjtftnt State Pan HI. King? of Engineid, by and with tile Advice and Conftjt of all the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and with tfe Confent of all the Commons of England, by their Repre- ftntatives in Parliament, whcreunto the Englijh ealily fob. mit, as made at their own earned Delire and Requed. All Tryals of Common and Statute-Law are tryed by i Jury of Twelve Men, which is thus : The Sheriff liimmoni Twenty four Men, Houlholders, out of the Neighbour¬ hood of that place where the Matter conteded lies; againd Twelve of thele the Parties concerned may objed, but Twelve mud be chofen to try the Caufe. The Lawyersoa both fides plead in open Court before the. Judges, thefe Twelve Men danding near, may hear all that is faid and pro¬ duced on either part, and may ask what Quedions they pleafe of the Witneffes. When all the Witnelfes ate ca¬ mmed, and all Fleading is over, one of the Judges briefly recapitulates all that has pad, putting the Twelve Men in mind of what hath been alledged and defended on eider dde, and informing them what Points are according to Law, and what not; after which thefejury of Twelve Mm ate bid to retire by themlelves, an Officer being charged with

&■ Part III. °f ENGLAND. 311 fefffiJUalll.] The Rrefl-Lam are peculiar Laws, diifaent from the Commit-Laa of England. Forefts in £ j are exceeding ancient, and before the making of Charta tie Fmfta, Offences committed therein were punilhed at the plealure of the King, in fo fharp and nrievous a manner (as frill in Germany) that both No¬ bles and Commons did fuller many horrible Inconveni¬ ences and Oppreflions ; and even in that Charter were fome hard Articles, which the Clemency of gracious ...... Third, and al- fo at this day, lihntar refnralitnr pm Etch; fo that if a Man be taken hunting a Deer, he may be Arrcfied as if lie had taken a Deer. The Forellcr may take and Arreft a Man, if he be taken either at Dcg-tham, StaMc-fl.mil, Bill-liar, or Blmtly-H.mil; for in tlmfe four a Man is bid to be taken with the manner, though three of them may be but prefumptions. fartiafrLato.] 1™ Caflmtfls ytngUcana, is that Law which dcpendeth upon the king'f Will and I’lcalurc, or Ins Lieutenant, in time of aftual War; for although in time of Peace, the King for the more equal temper of Laws towards all his Subjctts, makes no Laws but by the con- ftnt of the Three Mates in Parliament: let in time of Wat, by rcal'on of great dangers ariiing fuddenly and un- , txpeftedly upon l'mall Occasions, be ulctlt ablbiute Pow¬ er, inl'onmch as his Word goeth for a Law. Martial- Law extends only to Soldiers and Mariners, and is not tube pra&iled in rimes of Peace, bur only ir War, and then and there only where the Kinr

CIIAP. Elit ^jcfcnt'J&tate Partin,

3i6 ®je jDjefent Estate partHj. faw , for 'matter of wearing Appairel, lefs Prodigabty and more Modefty in Clothes, mor e Plainnefs and Com! linefs than amongft her Nobility, Gentry, and Sum.__™. Clergy ; only the Citizens, the Country People, and '£ Servants, appear clothed, for the moll part above and be¬ yond their Qualities, Elfates or Conditions, and far more Gay than that fort of People was wont to be in fot. mer Times. , The Men at prefent are not much guilty of Extern- gancy in Attire ; but the Women are in nothing fir fin. radical as in their Drefles (Commodes as they call them) for the Head ; and indeed in all their Apparel, from the Lady to the Servant-Maid, they are too expenfive and whimfical. ■Rfcreatioiuf.] For Variety of Divertifements, Sports and Recreations, no Nation doth excel the Englijb. The King hath abroad his Forells, Chafes, and Paris, M of Variety of Game; Red and Fallow-Deer, Foxes,’ Ot¬ ters ; Hawking, his Paddock-Courfes, Horfe-Races, dv(. and at home, Tennis, Pelmel, Billiards, Comedies, Ope¬ ra’s, Mafcjuerades, Balls, Ballets, crc. The Nobility and Gentry have their Parks, Warrens, Decoys, Paddock-Coui- fes, Horfe-Races, Hunting, Couriing, Filhing, Fowling, Hawking, Setting-Dogs, Tumblers, Lurchers, Duck-hunt¬ ing, Cock-lighting, Guns for Birding, Low-hells, Bat-fotvi. ing, Angling, Nets, Tennis, Bowling, Billiards, Tables, Chefs, Draughts. Cards, Dice, Catches, QuelKons, Purpofes, Stage-plays, Masks, Balls, Dancing, Singing ; all forts of mulical Inllruments, &c. The Citizens and Peafants have Hand-Hall, Foot-Ball, Skittles or Nine-Pins, Shovel-board, Stow-Ball, Code, Trol-Madams, Cudgels, Bear-baiting!, Bull-baitings, Bow and Arrow, Throwing at Cocks, Cock- fighting,Shuttle-Cock,Bowling, Quoits, Leaping, WreWing, Pitching of the Batr, and Ringing of Bells, a Recreation ufed in no other Country in rile World. Amnngfl: the red,Cock-fighting Teems to all Foreignerstoo childilh and unfuitable for the Gentry ; and for the Com- rn in-Peojile. UnE bailing, and B:.ir-bxi:ivg, leem too Cruel; and fir the Citizens Fm-BjJ, Tmioing .1: C>;h very uncivil,

JSuiH*

318 Ei)e P?efcnt State Part III.

CHAP. VIII,

Of Vices and Pimiflimcnts. dices. THE Evglijb National Vices were anciently 1 Gluttony, and the liffefts thereof, Ujifamfajr Solikewife Pride in Apparel, wherein they were fo ex* travagant and foolilh, To luperfluous and obleene, that divers Statutes befoie our Reformation in Religion, and Homilies iince, have been made againft: that Excels; and an Enylijh-?n,m was wont to be pictured Naked, with a pair of Taylors Sheers in his Hand, a piece of Cloth under his Arm, and Verfes annexe, intimating, that lie knew notwlnt Ealhion of Clothes to have. Excefs of Drinking was anciently more rare in £?£/,w/, as appeareth by an old Poet.

Ut bih: iti'biirio pocuh qitifjite Juo.' The Danes in the time of King Edge rrt fir ft brought it in; but it was afterwards banilhed hence, lo that we find the Statutes heretofore made againft Excels in Apparel and Diet, are Ancient, yet thofe againft Drmikcnnefs are but of late Date : For till quarto of King ‘James the Firft there was no Law to reftrain that voluntary Madnefs. As the Englijh returning from rhe Wars in the Holy-LanJ, brought home the foul Dileal'e of Lyrojbj, now almoftex- tirt&here, though not vet in our Neighbouring Countries: So in our Fathers Days, the' Englijb returning from rhe Service in the tfesbsrLwJs, brought with them the foul Vice of Dumbwiefs, as kiides other Teftiinonies, the Term of Carm, from Gar-Anz, All out, learnt of the High Dutch there, in the lame Service ; lb !\ua‘j\ 8cc. do Ihew. This Vice of late was more, though at prelent fo much, that fome Perfons, and thofe of Quality, may not iafely be visited in aji Afternoon, efpecially in the Country without running the Hazard of exceftivc drinking ok Healths Healths, Part III. Trencher Buffoonisalwaysathand. 1 Mmdrunk;forwhichpurpofefemeSwilling,Inli ill fomeplacesitiseftcemedapieceofWittom is ccnliun’dasbytheDutch,tvliolipandprate;; However, itmaybetrulyaifirmed,Thatatprefent neSinof Bugi excels inDiet,butprincipallyApparel,thanhere- Lami, lincctheUleofCoffee,Tea,andChocolated is generallylefsExccfsinDrinking(elpcciallya- Mlh i,,, ina(horttimetwiceasmuchLiq nf ENGLAND.5r9 only bytheWording

by t

im 3 2o SElje State Part III, that molt commonly one or other may be found by the Mafter-keeper, who can difcover, and caufe tp be redo- red to the right Owner any thing ot a more than ordina¬ ry Efteem. So likewifc ’tis no extraordinary, but a generous thing for thoi'e who rob on the High-way, to fend back to the Owners Papers, Parchments, or any other delired things that are of no intrinfrek Value to a Stranger.

Of Vumfmmt. AND Firft, of thole relating to Ecclefiaftical Difci- plinc, which when inflifted upon Scandalous, No¬ torious, and Contumacious Offenders, proceeds in this manner: Hrfi, The Party delinquent is admonilhed, nest goes forth Minor Excmimtmcatit, whereby he is Excom¬ municated, or excluded from the Church, or if not from the Church, yet from the Communion of the Lord’s Sup¬ per, is dilenabled to be Plaintiff in a Suit of Law, ot. and this commonly for Stubbomcfs fhewed, by not ap¬ pearing in the Eccleliaftical Court upon Summons, or not obeying the Orders of the Court, which though in fmalleit matters, yet may be a very great Crime for Its trcctiu, qmfacilhr cji niftn-Mi, co prscefti v,Mltt 'S gmr or, atm (i: m.zgis us St. shift in obferves of hrft Sin oisimnt Any Command, by how much the ealier it may be oblerved,- by fo much the more grievous is the Breach thereof, becaufe it is the more Voluntary ; Bellies, in Contempts, it is not fo much the Violation of the Law, as of the Authority, which ought to he relented. And herein the Church of England proceederli no other- wife than the State of Engl,mil-, for fo odious mthestye of the Common-Law of England, is the Contempt there¬ of that not only for Felonies, hut even rn an Action M the Cafe, in an Aftion of a lmall Debt, Account or De¬ tinue, if a Man will not appear and fubmit hunfelt to a Trval at Law, a Procefs of Outlawry is grounded again!! him, and he being once out-lawed, he is out of the l’tote- &ion of the Law. Caput gerit Lupimm , faith Brtttu, an Out-lawed Perfon was anciently look’d upon as a Wolt lawfully to he kill’d by any Man that thould meet m, Part III. cf ENGLAND. ;2r is molt juft, that he who contemned the Law, and therein the King, ihculd not have benefit by rile Law, nor Proteftion from the King ; and at this day lie is to lofe all his Goods and Chattels. The Reader will ealily pardon this Digreflion, when lie conliders the general Cry again!! Excommunication ‘'This^'cwer of IelTer Excommunication, the Bilhopmay delegate to any grave Prieft with the Chancellor. kmummc.nio mrjor, is not only an Exclulion from the Company of Chriftians in Spiritual Duties, but alio 'in Temporal Affairs, and this commonly for Ilerelie, Schifm, Perjury, Inceft, and filch grievous Crimes; and that it tray he done with die more Solemnity and Terror, ir is to be pronounced by the Ifilhop himl'elf, in his proper Per- fctt; anil being lb Excommunicated, a Man cannot, in any Civil or Eccleiiaftical Court, be Plaintiff or Witnefs. And in cafe any Man be fo ftubborn, as to continue forty days Ex¬ communicated, the King’s Writ lie Ezcmmumicato c.ipiaat, is granted forth of the Chrmctry againft him; whereupon Iteis clt into Prifon, without Bail, there to lie till he hath fa- tiified for his Offence. «22 EEfje pjctcnt State ParclIL that palfes by to pray for him ; then to enter tie Church, filling down, and killing the Ground ; then in the mid¬ dle of the Church is he or Hie eminently placed in the light of all the people, and over-againlt the Minifies, who de¬ clares the foulncfs of his Crime, odious to God, and lean- (ialous to tlie Congregation ; that God can no way be fi. tisfied but by applying Cltrift’s Sufferings; nor the Congre¬ gation, but by an humble acknowledging of his Sint, and telfifying his fincere Repentance and Sorrow, not in Wotdt only, but with Teats, and promiling there in the light of God and his holy Angels, that by Isod’s afliftante, and by Prayer, Meditation, and daily Works of Piety he will en¬ deavour hereafter more carefully to watch againdthe Temp¬ tations of the World, the Allurements of the Fkfh, and the Snares of the Devil; which being done, and the Pried, in Ohrid’s Name, pronouncing the Rcmilliim of Sins, the Penitent humbly beleechcs the Congregation to pardon him in that great Scandal againft them, andteceite him into their holy Communion, and account him again a Member of their Church ; and in tellimony thereof, ok of their Chridian Charity, to vouchlitfe to fay with him aloud die Lord’s Prayer. And this way of the Church of England, appears by divers Writers, to be the ancient way ufed by the Primitive Churches. Note, That it is ordained by the Canons of the Church of England, that, in cafe the Crime be not notorious and publick, the forenamed Penance may, at the Party’s Re- qued, be commuted into a pecuniary Mulct for the poorof tire Pari dr, or fome pious Ul'es; provided, that for the Re- foimation of the Delinquent, that may appear to be the more . probable way ; for fome Men will be thereby re¬ claimed, who by the publication of their Offence, would become more impudent and hardened, when they perceive their Reputation to be loft. There remains one-more Puniftment, or EcdefMbl Cenlure which toticheth the Body, and that is denial of Chridian Burial which is inflicted not in {mum mmt •am, but I# :e. - who naturally desire, that ■\ ciirilfnn nvmu is wonr ro tie denied by the Churchof Kirn; Excommunicate, to perjured Part III. of ENGLAND. m fully till themfelves, and to Apoftates, FFereticks, and Ex- To thefe fore-named Cenfires and Puni/hments, both laity and Clergy are fubjeft : But befijes thefe, there ni Funifliments whereuntothe Clergy only are liable; as Sr#, Suffmjli ab Officii, when a Minitter for a time is de- claiedunfit te execute the Office of a Minitter. Then Snffmffi i Bcmfcii; when a Minitter for a time is deprived of the Profits of his Benefice, and thefe two Cen¬ tres are wont to be for fmaller Crimes. Thirdly, . Deprivatii a Bcneffcii; when for a greater Crime, a Minitter is wholly, and for ever deprived of his Living. And Fourthly, D.-frivatii ab Officii; when a Minitter is wholly, and for ever deprived of his Orders; and this is Bijijiiii, or Dtgradath, and is commonly for iorne hei¬ nous Crime, meriting Death, and is performed by the BUhop in a lolemn Manner, pulling off from the Crimi¬ nal his Vettments, and other Enfigns of his Order, and .this in the prefence of the Civil Magifirate, to whom he 'is then delivered to be punilbed, as a Layman for dhe like Offence. And herein Bilhops are to take lpecial care to behave themfelves; as gui uAmweidJiflts, not a? lording over God’s Heritage, not as abiolute Matters over Servants, regain by theirPuniihmenrs, but as Fathers o- ver Children for their Amendment, and as being Minitters in Spiritual Affairs, to ufe their power for rhe good of Chrjfiians, and to conduht that Power bymodemica

Of Pa moments SeernMy relating to Civil Difcipline.

BEcaufe rhe feveral Puniihmenrs inflifted for feveral Crimes, are different in mod Countries, and thofe of England much different from iliofeof all other Countries; a brief Account of them may probably not be unacceptable to Foreigners elpecially. All Crimes in England that touch the Life of a Man Heather High-T.-iffm, Pucy-Tnafin, Raft, Buggery, Murder, 3 24 ffljt gjcfcnt State Part®. AIrho fome High-Treafons are much more heinous and odious than others, yet the Puniihment by Law is the fame for all forts (except Clipping and Coyning, of Monty) and that is, that the Traytor laid upon a Hurdle or Sledge, be drawn to the Gallows, there hanged hy the Nett, prefently cut down alive, his Entrails to be fuildenly pulled out of his Belly, and burnt before the Face of the Criminal ; then his Head to be cut off, his Body to be divided into Four Parts ; and Jallly, that the Head ml Body be hung up, or impaled where the King Bull command. Belides all this, he fhall forfeit all his Lands and Good; whatlbever; his Wife fhall loi'e her Howry, his Children their Nobility, and all their right of inheriting him, on. ny other Anceftor; our Law thinking it mod reafonaUe, that he who endeavoured to delfroy the King, the breath p our Noftrils, and thereby to rend the Majelfy of Gavern- merit, his Body, Lands, Goods, and Pofterity fliould be rent, torn, and deflroyed. For Coining of Honey, though adjudged High-Treafon, tile Fimilhment having been only Drawing and Hing¬ ing before the Statute of Edro. III. it remains fo M; . but Hrjcdon faith, that before his time tile Punifhmem for fallifying of Moneys, was lofs of Eyes and of the Ge Pettf-Trenfou is either when a Servant killeth his Mr- . ftcror Miftrefs, or a Wife killeth her Husband, ora Clergyman his Prelate, to whom he oweth Obedience, and for tin's Crime the Puniihment is to be drawn {as before) and to be lunged by the Neck till he be deid. 'The Puniihment for a Woman convi&ed of H‘gh-Treafon, or Petty-Treafon is all one, and that is to be drawn, and burnt alive. Felonies, or all other Capital Crimes, for which anciently there were feveral forts of Punifliments, tillHm. I ordain¬ ed, that the Punifliments for all Felonies, fliould be to bs hanged by the Neck till they be dead. But if a Peer of the Realm commit High-Treafon, Pet- ty-Trcafon or Felony, although his Judgment he the fiat with .that of common Pcrfons, yet the King doth ttfuallyes- tend fo much Favour to - lircli, as to caufe them only to t: beheaded with an Ax, upon a Block, lying oil the Ground, and lint as in all other Countries, by a .sword, kneeling . pr Handing. t

SClje JDjrim fctate Partin. which among ChriRians is believed to be but a Paffage, fa all truly Penitent, from this Life to a far better; and 6 For Petty-Lamnary, or fmall Theft, that is under the vi- lueof 12 d. the Punilhinent anciently was fometimes by Lois of an Ear, fometimes by Cudgelling ; but fmcc Si ward III. only by Whipping. But if filch Petty-Th eft be found by the Jury to have lied forthe fame, he forfeitethill his Goods. Perjury, By bearing falfe Witnefs upon Oath, in a Court of Record, is punilhed with the Pillory, called Ceilifrigium, burnt in the Forehead with a P. his Treer growing upon his Ground to be rooted up, and his Good; confifeated. Forgery, Chafing, Libelling, Falfe Weighs and Mufrn, FmpSing the Market, Ounces in Baiting and Brewing_ are com¬ monly punifiied with Handing in the Pillory, Whipping, and fometimes to have one or both Ears nailed to the Pillo¬ ry, and cut off, or there bored through the Tongue v.ith a Hot Iron. But of late we have left off the Cruelty of cut¬ ting off Ears, fevere Whipping, Branding on the Fore¬ head, boring the Tongue, and the like. The Punifhmenr for Mifpriftm of High-Treafen, that is, for negleJIing or concealing it, is Forfeiture of the Profits of bis Lands during Life, and of aR Goods, and alfo Impri- fonment for Life. For Striking imhc ling’s Ceurt, whereby Bleed is dries; the Punifhment is, that tile Criminal (hall have his Right- Hand ftricken off in a mod l'dand folemn manner. Fur striking in mjlminfter-Hall whilft the Courts of Ja- Rice are fitting, is Imprifonmentduring Life, andEorfeiran of all his Eflate. For one found in a Prammire, that is, one who incurs the fame Punifhment which was inflifted on thofe who tranf- greffed the Statute of ,5 II. II cap. y. commonly called tile Statute of Praemunire facia:, &c. for fuch antaeta: punifhmenr is Forfeiture cf all bis ERate, to be put on of the King’s Protection, and Imprifonment during the King’s Pieai'urs. The Punifhment of Pcstyjurm attainted of giving i Verdiff contrary ro Evidence, wittingly, is fevere ; *)' are condemned to lofe the Franchife or Freedom of l« Law, that i\ become brumous, and of no Credit, unopj- 1 bis Part III. of ENGLAND. 317 ble of bemga WinlulWt or of a Jury^ ^; their s Houles,nalml Lands,llltll be feized into the King’s Hands , [tafaSoddown, their Meadows ploughed up,’ their Trees rooted up, all their Lands laid wafts, and their Bodies 'mTlie°hke Punilhment is alfo for thofe who fliail confpire »India an Innocent falfely and malic,ouily of Rk»y. Bhdtk that is, one who wittingly killerh hrmfelf, is to be interr d without CM/ta W, with a Stake driven

ledaC «£/« W, perhaps from the French C.jnhie, and trie German StttB, the ga» ck?,r’ Placed 0,!er foi,ne P ter inro which they are let down, and plunged under Wa¬ ter thrice to cool their Choler and Heat. Other Mifthmimmtrs are commonly pumih d with Impu¬ gnments or Fines, and fometimes with both. As for breaking on the Wheel, and other like Torturing Deaths common in other Cbriftian Countries,die aighjh look upon them as too cruel for ChriftianFrofellors too rife. For putting any to the Rnct, it is by the KgUjh behoved to favour of too much Slavifhnefs; bolides, they contemn¬ ing and defoifing Death, and yet not enduring Torture, wid fooner acknowledge themfelves guilty of any the fouled Crimes whatfoever, than be put to the Racks; ana then the People, not accuftomed to fuch Cruelty, would be apt to p - ry the Party tortured, and abominate die Sovereign and Ins- Judges for introducing fuch a Cuftom; the Jury would ea- iily quit the Ptifoner of whatever ConfeSlon Ihould he thus Hiorrsd. * 28 SClj£ $;crent &;ate p3rt lir.

O F THE CITY O F LONDON. LSDtlflOil,] Being the Epitome of England, the Seat of the Bririfh Empire, the Chamber of the King, and the chi'feif Emporium, or Town of Trade in the World; the larged and mod populous, the faired and mod opulent City at this- Day in all Europe, perhaps in the whole World, furpading even Paris and Rome put together; it will nor, I hope, feem impertinent to give a particular Ac¬ count thereof. To deferibe all things in this City worthy to be known, would take up a whole Volume ; therefore' according to the intended Brevity of this Treatife, here JlialJ be inferred only -TV. fitjaf.Sit d iriteui, Magnolia Londini ; fuch

fiiimc anD 3intiqiiitl’.] London, ft called, as feme onjcSure, from Llsaiin, the Eriujb Word, lignifying in the iVi.rm longue, Skiftta, or Tov-ro of Ships, wis built, as fome write. 110S Ye rs before the Birth of our Saviour; that is, now above 2801 Years ago, in the time of Saim.-I the Trophcr, and about ;to Years beftre the Building of Ron::. Amndams id.ne.i, "11:1s frith, ill his tare it\v.is vea 0:p:dtm, (y a'gi'd.m, ail old imperial PjrtIII. of ENGLAND. 529 Situation.] In the mull excellent SiliutLu of Lmd-.n, the profound VVil'dom of our Anceftors is very conl'picuous and admirable. It is feated in a pleafanr liver-Green Valley, upon a gentle riling Hank, in a wholfome Soil, mix’d with Gravel and Sand, u^on the famous Na¬ vigable River Thame:, at a Place where iris caft into a , Crefcent, that fo each Part of the City might enjoy the Benefit of the River, and yet not be far di Rant one from the other, about 60 Miles from the Sea, not fo near that it might be in danger of Surprtfal by the Fleets of Foreign Enemies, or be much annoyed by the boifterous Winds, or moift Vapours of the Sea ; yet not fo far, but that by' the Help of the Tide every twelve Hours , Ships of very great Burden may be brought into her very Do- fom; nor yet fo far, but that it may enjoy the milder, warmer Vapours of the Eajlem, Southern and H\frcrr. Seas; yet fo far up in the Country, as it might alio ealily partake even of all the Country Commodities : In an excel¬ lent Air upon the North-Side of the River, (for the Villages feated on the South Side are noted to be more unhealthy in regard of the Vapours drawn upon them by the Sun) de¬ fended by gentle Hills, from the North and South Winds. It lies in u Degrees, 30 Minutes Latitude- The High-ways lending from all parrs to this Noble Ci- 353 Et;c pjcffnt State Panin, one another, fe-m to make indeed but one City, and iccor- dingly fliall be fo conlider'd when we fpeak of Buildings, crc.) is of avail Extenlion, from Limt-Htmfi, meai'uredto the End of Tetbil or Tuttle Street, from Eejl to Wijl, it is above 7500 Geometrical Paces, that is, above feven £»»{)& Miles and an Half ; and from the farther End of fl/ml™. Stmt in Siitthmvk, to the End of St. Umard Shmditb , jj | 1500 Paces, or two Miles and an half. In this great City the Streets, Lanes, and Allies, are in Number above ;ooo, and yet fome of them above half 1 meafur’d Mile in Length ; Dwelling-houles before the late dreadful Fire, were computed only svithin the Walls abort 15000, and that is now accounted but a feventh partof the ■ft’hole City, as may he judged by the weekly Bills of Mor¬ tality, the Number of Houles at prefent may in all probibi- Jirybc ucooo. ‘iHtimber Of 3!nljabitante.] That the Reader may better guefs at the Number of Inhabitants, or Humane Soul} within this great City, he mutt know, that in oi there were computed to be eaten in London, when it by two thirds, 67500 Beefs, ten times as many Sheep, Ik- Tides abundance of Calves, Lambs, Swine, all forts of Pou!-1 try, Foul, Filh, Roots, Milk, &c. Alfo that Cotmm 71 is to fupply London with New-Cajlle Coal, there is into the River of Thames 2S0000 Chaldron, and every Chat dronis 36 Bulhels. Again, thcNumber of Inhabitants may be gueffedat by the Burials in London, which in ordinary Years, whenrfim

’’Ijiitife i-ietoro in 5-onoon in a gear.] As aifo by the (hnntin-oi Beer drank in London in a Year, which to all poreruners will be incredible ; for in the Year ltfa wlicn the grcatefE part of the Buildings within the Walli, and fome without, lay in Alhes, and very many of th: Inhabitants forced to retire into the Country for Hate- ing to an exatt Computatioi '. n that .Year S3 Barrels of Hr the Barre Barrels' 6f part HI- of ENGLAND. 531 HptrlironK andfmall, is 36 Gallons to the Barrel, and the Ale J1 Gallons to the Barrel; and now fince the Peftilcnce jndthe Fire, that this City is again fully peopled, there is much more Liquor Brewed. It is true that fome hereof is tranlported beyond the Sets but that is fcarce confiderable ; Befides all tliis Beet uid' Ale, there is confirmed in London 2 vafl Quan¬ tin’ of Frtm!) and Spanijh Wines, much Rhmijh Wine, Syder, Mum, Coffee, Chocolate, Brandy and other Drinks. The lixcife only of Beer and Ale, for the City of London {though it be a very moderate Impofition) was not long a- goFarmed or Rented of the King at above isoooo pound lYear, and about one fourth part of all that Excife through¬ out all £ijgland. In a Word, the Author of the Map of Lmdm, publilh- td/»i» 1684. reckons in this valt City 1200000 of Souls, butthemote Accurate Sir William Petty counts but 125846 Families, and 695076 Souls, whidi is more than are in Park, Rum, and Rovtn-, more than in Paris and An.prdam-, mote than in Amfiordam, Hmct, Rmc, Dublin, Erijiol and. Ljm-, as many as in all the.two Provinces of Holland and Wdi-Friiihnd. 35ferOf£l)a)IIfje.] The River whereon is feared this great City, for its Breadth, Depth, gentle, ftreight, even couife, extraordinary wholfome Water, and Tydes, is more commodious for Navigation, than perhaps any other Ri- verinthe World; the Sea flows gently up this River 80 Miles, th2t is almoft to Kingpn, 12 Miles above Lor.- hi by Land and 20 by Water; Boats are drawn about 200 Miles to Oxford, and higher many Miles. It is High-water at this City, as oft as the Moon comes to the Korth-Eajl and Smth-Wifi points of Heaven, the cue in our Hemifphere, and the other in the other Hemi- fphere. The highcft Tydes are about a Land-Flood, the Wind Fhrth-Wtjl, at the Equiaottial, and the Moon at fall; when thel'e four Caufes concur (which is very rare; then the Thames fwells in fome places oyer its Banks, and W.JiminJkr is a little endamaged ill their Cellars, not in their Chambers and upper Rooms, as the City of Rom is fometimcs by the Over-flowing of the Tyber, and Park by the Aym. This River opening Eajlvard towards Germany and. frmu, is much more Advantageous for Traffick than a- 3$2 2Cfje |3jefcnt gwate Partin, ny other River of England; to (ay nothing of the Vari¬ ety of excellent Filh within this River, and above all, of the incomparable Salmon : the fruitful fat Soil, the pleafant rich Meadows, and innumerable (lately Palices on both Sides thereof: In a Word, the Thants feans to be rhe very radical Moiihireofthis City; and inforae Senfe, the natural Heat too, for almoft all the Fuel for Firing, is brought up this River from Netv-Cafilt, Sat. land, Kent, Efx, fee. or elfe down the River from Sir™ UM[iX, See. From this River, rhe City, by Water-Engines, is in ma¬ ny places fupplied with excellent wholfome Water, alfo from almoft Twenty Conduits of pure Spring-Water; fo commodioufly placed, that they ferve all tile chiefeft parts of this City ; and moreover, by a New River, brought at a v,ift Charge, and exquifite Shill (by Sir Hugh Middleton, who deferves his Statue in Urals! from /hmvdl and Chalttdl •, two Springs near Wart in Hertford-Jhirt, from whence, in a turning and winding Courfe, it runs tfo M:les before it readies this City ; in i'ome Places the Chann.l is neccffiri- ly 10 Foof deep, in other places it is carried over Valleys more than eo Foot high above Ground in open Troughs; over this new River are made 800 Bridges, fonie of Stone, feme of Brick , and l'orne of Wood ; C00 Men have been at once employed in this great Work : It was begun in 1608, and finilhed in five Years; it ferves the higheil Places in London in the lower Rooms, and the low¬ er Parts in their higheil Rooms. Moreover, this City is fo fituared, that in all Parts (though oil the higlieft Ground! it is abundantly ferved with Pump-Water, and rhofe Pumps in many Places not fix Foot deep in the PartlH. of ENGLAND. firry and fetch Commodities to, and from ail Parts of the BKis'iiinmvn World;"""“i whereby...... j ..it ™comes toi. Ppafsafs thatrlur nonr. fmailfmatl Nutnbvr of Merchants of Imdtn, for Wealth, for ftarcly Houles within the City for Winter, and without lor Sum- nirr; forrich Furniture, plentiful Tables, honourable Liv¬ ing; forgreat lifcres in Aloney and Land, c~c. excel lome Princes in divers of our Neigbouring Nations. Moreover, one may conjecture at the huge Commerce by the infinite Number of great well furniihed Shops’ which a Spaniard once obferving, together with the great Number of Law-Suits in Term-time, made this Report of Win to his Country-men, That it was a great City, but made up of nothing but Tundas y ConUn:d,n, Shops and Suits; whereas he might rather have fa'd more truly in a few mere Words ; That Lmdm is a huge Magazine of Men Money, Ships, Horfcs and Ammunition, of all forts of Com¬ modities necellary or expedient for tite Ule or PIcafure of Mankind: That Limimh the mighty Rendezvous of Nobi¬ lity, Gentry, Courtiers, Divines, Lawyers, Phylicians, Mer- cbints, Sea-men, and ail kind of excellent Artificers, of the mod refined Wits, and mod excellent Beauties : For it is obferved, that in mold Families of England, if there be any Son or Daughter that excels the reft in Beauty, or VVir, or perhaps Courage, or Induftry; or any other rare Quality, Uda is their North-Star, and they are never at reft rill they point direitly thither. ’ ladly, Very remarkable alfo is this great City for the Champaign of the Country on all (ides; for the Number of the Royal Palaces; the Multitude of Stately Houles and Gardens of Noblemen ; tile innumerable fair Summer Divelling-Houfes of the wealthy Citizens ; the plealant fertile Meadows, inclofed Paftures and Corn-Fields; the a- hundance of Nurleries and Seminaries, where are to’ be fold all forts of Fruit-Trees, Flowers, Herbs, Roots, as well for rnylick as for Food and Delight; the Frequency tile Ponu- loufnefs,and VVealtliinelsof the Villages, &c. ’ 334 SC&egjefcnt fetate Part Ur,

Of the Government of the City of London, THE Government of this City , confidering Greatnefs and Populoufnefs thereof is very Altai- rj (EcfleliaUicdl ©otermwntj The Etchjiafliui gk„. went is by a liiihop; was in the time of the Brinim, by an Arch-bifhop ; but when it became fubjeCt to the Sam, the Archicpifcopal See was placed at Canterbury; not be- caufcthat was the more worthy City ; but fbr the fate of jitgufiine the Monk, whohrft preached the Gofpel there to the Heathen-taw, and was there buried : Since which time it hath been under a Bifliop above ten Centuries and an half, in a continual Succedion; in which fpace there are reckoned paBilhops of Union to the prefent worthy Biflaop thereof, the Learned, Pious, Divine Dr. Henry Compm, Son to the late valiant E. of Northampton, Confecrated Biihop of Oxford 1674, andtranflated to London 167;. To this Ca¬ thedral alfo belongs a Dean, Dr. Wiltim Sherlock j three Rcfidcntiarics, i.Vr. Henry Godolphin. 1. Dr. WWwm Stmlij, And 3. Dr. John linger ; a Treasurer, and thirty Preben- Eor the Eccleliadical Government of the feveral PariAes, there are placed many excellent Divines that have the Cure of Souls, a Reftor or Vicar for every Parifli j and thele have for a long time had the mod excellent Way of Sermo¬ nizing in Chrijhndom ; infoinuch, as divers Divines of Fo¬ reign Reformed Churches, have come hither onpurpofeto learn their manner of Pulpit:Orarory. For maintainin’ rhefe Divines with their Families, there is in almoft every Parifli a Parl'onagc or Vicarage-1loufe, and in mofl a com¬ petent Allowance in Tythcs. Anciently the MiniftersDue in London, belides theTythes of the Tradefinens Gains and Mortuaries, Obits, fre. was 3 fd-in the Pound, of the yearlv Rent of all Houfes and Shops; and this was paid as Offerings, a Half-penny for each Pound, every Sunday and Holy-day in the Vear j whereby the PariHiioners did hardly feel it: Afterwards, many Holy-days being taken away, and the Clergy-Means thereby abated, it v.-as Or¬ dained as Hen. S:h. That t s. <)d. in the Pound, of all Part III- ®f ENGLAND. * 53 j Rent! of Idoufes and Shops, ihoultl be paid yearly to the Afinifter; whereunro the Lmimrs did not only confcnt (as they had good Reafon, it being much lefs in the Pound than before,) but bound themfelves by an Aft of Com¬ mon-Council to perform the fame ; and the faid Ordi¬ nance was confirmed in Parliament, 17 Hen. 8r/a. And again -Ben. Sell. wirh a power given to the Lord Mayor, to commit to Prifon any Citizen tharfhould refute to pay his Xvrhes and Dues according to that proportion : Bet lines tie Reformation, many Men willing to think Tythej a fca of Popery, or eli'e making no Confcience of robbing Cod, have devifed many Bale and Fraudulent ways, by Dojble-Leafes, by great Fines and fmall Rents, and fevetal other ways to evade the Law, and rob their God, Mai. 3. 8. Complaint whereof being made ro King 'jam: I. 1618. it ms declared in his Court of Exchequer, by the Barms there. That the Inhabitants of London, and of the Liberties there¬ of, oughr Hill (according to the forementioned Afts) to pay 1prf. in tire Pound, according to the true yearly Value of the Rent of their Houfes and Shops, from time to time. But the Citizens who think acoo 1. per Jnmm not enough for an Alderman, or fora Lawyer, and yet 1001. too much for a Pajhr of a Parifli) oppoling the fame, the Eulinels lies yet uncftabiifhed, to the great Diilionour of

Cibil eobrnmunt.] The Civil Governmentis not (as 5?6 ' EIjc jEjcfritt S»(afe Part III, rimes Two Bailiffs of Lendn:, till King Rich.rrd the Fill), A'mio ri8p. changed the Name of Bxi'.ijf into M:)sr-t which alfo being derived from the french, hath continu¬ ed ever lince, a Citizen cholen by die Citizens annually, unltls fometimes for the Dilloyalty of rile Citizens, their Privilcdges and Franchilss have been taken from them, and a Guardian let over them, as was done by Hm.Ul. and Edit. I. IpiS <£!fttion,l He is ufitally cliofen on Micbmhrw-Dy by*the Livery-Men, or Members of the fevers] Com¬ panies within the Laid City, out of the :6 Aldermen, ill Ferfons of great Wealth and Edeem. In which lileflion, the Senior Alderman that hath not been Mayor, bath ufu- ally the Precedence: vet in this particular, the laid £lt- ftors lometiines take a Liberty. f iff aillUjOjitp.] His Authority reaches not only over this great City, and a part of the Suburbs, but alfo on the famous River of Thlines, Ealhvard, as far T.nd,i!;t orlis. kit, and the Mouth of the River Mulmy, and Wefttvard, as far as Cilexj-Diicb, above Stamts-Brid^i : He listh a Priviledge by Charter to hunt in Mudkjcx, Efcx, mi Sur¬ rey : and for this purpofe is always maintain’d an excel¬ lent Kennel of Hounds, as afore-mentioned. He hath pow¬ er to uuniflt or cnrrefl all that lhall annov the Stream. Banks, orFifh ; ral Courts in.the ( Confervation of the River, and t 0 ; only the Strength and Safety of the River : Jnvalion, ami fecuring Merchandizing and Navi ll'ock-iioules, Fort; or Cattles, is the immediate the King. JlogD SPapojs Court of ^uDiraturr.] To Mayor and City of Lmdm belong divers Courts t tore ■ f high Importance.

editor hi

3?8 • SHjep;cfcntState partm. the Aldermen, all his Olliccrs, all the fgveral Compmit! or Corporations in their feveral Stately Barges, with theit Arms, Colours and Streamers; and having there, in the Ei- chequer Chamber raken his Solemn Oath to be true to tb King, returns in like manner to Guild-Hall, (that is, ti'j great Conrmon-Hall of Guilds, or incorporated Confti- ternities ;) 'vhere is prepared for him and his Brethren, i moll Sumptuous Dinner, to which many of the grei: Lords and Ladies, ail the Judges of the Land, and often¬ times the Lords of his Majefly’s moll Honourable Frivy. ( L 1 Mors are invited : ami ,1 Partlll. of ENGLAND. 3J9 His Domeffick Attendance is very honourable ; He hath four Officers that wait on him, wiio are reputed Elquires by theirflaces; that is, The Sword-Bearer. The Common-Hunt, who keepeth a gallant Kennel of Hounds for the Lord Mayor’s Recreation abroad.

There is alfo, The Coroner, and divers other Officers, as you will find in their proper Places. TwoTeomen of the Chamber Three Meal-Weighers. Two Yeomen ofthcWoodhoufe. Mod of which have Servants allowed them, and have Liveries for themfclves.

§(]fri (&.] The Two Sheriffs of this City are alfo She¬ ri® of the County of Middlefcx, and are annually chofen by the Citizens of ZaWc;; from among themfclves, in the Gdld-HaU, upon Midjhmmr-dxj ; a high Privrledge a- mong many orhers, anciently i,ranted to this City by feveral Kings and Queens or this Kingdom ; but they ate not fivom till Muhnhx.n-Uvc, and then are alfo pre- fenred atthe Exchequer, to be allowed by rhe Barons, and fivom; After which they enter upon their Office: If ei¬ ther of the Pcrfons lo chofen rtlble to hr.ld , lie incurs a Penalty, unlels he will take a Solemn Oath, that he is not

rn.] The a5 Aldermen prelidc he is ulually lined * 51_ .All tile Aldermen chat have been Lord M.vors, Ihree elded Aldermen that have nor vet arrived Honourable Efface, are h th.-ir Charter, jufticcs 1 race of this City. 34° Wje fjtfm State Part III

SCIje gCtotlbe Companicjef.] The Traders of Imbn divided into Companies, or Corporations, and are I'o many Bodies Politick : Of thefe there are 12, called the cliief Com¬ panies ; and he that is chofcn Lord Mayor, muft be free of one of thele Companies; which arc, 1. Mo-Cirs. 6. Skir.mr;. 10. Irmmtgm.

r And if it happen, that the Lord Mayor Cleft is of any other Company, he prefently removes to one of the Twelve. It hath been the Cuftom of fome of out Kings, to Honour fome of thel'c Companies, by taking their Freedom thereof; and the late King was pleaded to be made Free of the Company of Grocers; and HisPrefent Majeliy chol'e to be made Free of the Com¬ pany of Drapers : Each Company or Myftery hath a Ma- ,iler Annually chofen from among themfelves, and hath other Subordinate Governours, called Wardens or Af- lillants, thefe do exaftly correfpond to rile General Go¬ vernment of the City, by a Lord Mayor and Common- Council, who are lclefted out of thele fcveral Comp- nies; io excellent an Harmony there is in that Go- There are befides near 60 other Companies, or Coijo- rations, all enjoying large Priviledges, by the King’s Gracious Charter granted unto them, and fair Halls W

Of tbe Government of the C ITT of WESTMINSTER. THE Government of the City of tViJlminjhr is diftinS I from that of UiiJan ; they have neither Mayor, S1"1 rill's, nor Aldermen : But indeed of a Lord Ala; they have an H'gb-SteDranl, who is ufually one of the primil Kcbility. Part III. of ENGLAND. 341 The High-Steward of Wejbninjkr is chofen hy the Dam and Chapter, and holds this High Office durante vita. The Nature of his Office is not much unlike the Cbancel- bjb'f of an Univeriity. The Dam and Gbapter here is inverted with Ecri-J/afitahnd Ci-jil fjriJ'diliim , as the Fice-Chancdhr is in an Univeriity ; and not only within the City of Wcpninjhr, but with- in the Frecin&s of St. Martins Le Grand, near Chcapjide, Udsn; and in fome Towns of EJfcx, exempted as well fiom the Jurifdiftion of the Bilhop of Leudon, as from lilt of the Arch-Bilhop of Canterbury. And when the Cmatimis adjourned from St. Pauls (Tor the Conve- nicncy of Things, nearer to the Parliament) to IV.Ihtixfler, the Biihops firft declare ("upon a Proteftation made by tie Dean there) that they intend not thereby to violate tilt high Priviledge, viz. That no Bilhop or Arch- Bilhop may come there without the leave of the Dean {ill obtained. The Under-Steward of Wcftmnjler is likewile an Offi¬ cer of great Note, and is inrtead of a Sheriff; holds this Honourable Office durante vita. The High-Bayhf is an Officer of Honour, and Profits, na¬ med by the Dean, and confirmed by the High-Steward ; he holds likcwife for Life. This City hath two Precinfts; in each a Eurgefs is annu¬ ally chol'en, out of the wealthiert Citizens, by the reft of BiugeUes, whoreprcfent Aldermen. for Eukjiajlical Canfes, and Probate of Wills, it hath a Royal Juril'diftion; under a Cemmiffary ; from whbm no Appeal mult be, only to the icing, in his High- Court of Chancery. Siutlmarb was granted by Letters Patents of FJ.VI. to be counted as one of the Wards of LarJin , by the Name of Bridge-Ward without, and is governed by one of the 26 Aldermen of- London. ’Tis vaftly Large, Rich and Populous; a great part of it hath been burnt down feme Yeats fince the groat Fire of Loudm ; but all thofo Ruins are now Beautifully repaired. ®ilifarp ffiobernment of tlje City of iLottaon.] Something of the Military Grjemnnnt, both jh.cunc and hWrra, of this .Mighty Populous City, is alfo well wor¬ thy to be known both to Evglijh and Brbpurt. In the 342 ®j£fjcfcnt&tate Partin, 53d. of H™. Vin. 153;. at a General Muller in Im¬ am, were full taken the Names of all Men within this City and Liberties only (which reach not far without the Walls) from the Aye of 16 to (To; alfo the Number of all Harneires, and of all forrs of Weapons for Wat : Then they drew out of thefe only l'uch Able Men as -had White Hamels, and caufed them all to appear in White Coats and Breeches, and White Caps and Leathers: What was the Number then of Men in Arms, was not recorded ; But Stm fays, there were Muttered 15000; Citp toillCD jSsnDS.] At the time of the Happy Rellauration of King Charlos the Second, there were in London and the Liberties, fix Regiments of Train’d-Bands, and fix Regiments of Auxiliaries, and one Regiment of Horfe : Thefe thirteen Regiments about fix Weeks before his Majcllyks Arrival, Mutter’d in HUc P.irk, being then drawn out for promoting and i'ecuring his Majefty’s Re¬ turn : Thefe twelve Regiments of Foot were 18000 compleat; eight of thefe Regiments had feven Compa¬ nies in each , ami the other four had fix Companies in each ; in all eighty Companies, the Reg'iment of Horfe of fix Trnops.and a 100 in each Troop: This conlide- r.ibde Army drawn together before rhe acjth of May, the Diy of his Majefty’s Return, was judged to be highly rP facilitating the happy Work : Some Months 1 London, •ing then the I partIir. ®f ENGLAND. ■ 343 Train’J-BanJs 1500 Men; the Hamlets of the Tmar two Resiments, in all jooo Men ; then Mm, Regiment, and 1 Regiment aooo each, and in cafe of Neccliity they cm raife 10000 more. *rtilltrp Companp.] Hefides thefe Train’J-Rands and Atniliary Men, there is the Art Wiry Ctm{my, which is a Nutfery of Soldiers, and hath been fo above Co Years; Kin" Charles the Second lifted himl'clf there when he ire’l’rince of Wild, and fo did the late King at the fame time "ho afar his Majefty’s Return, took the Com¬ mand thereof, and owned it as his Company : Under his Hi»hneis there was a Leader, who exercifed this Com¬ pany every 7«s/rfiy Fortnight, and the other Tacjiay the Esiiic was performed by the fcvetal Members of tire Company, who are there trained up to Command Of this Society are many of the Nobility ; alio rlie Lord Mayor and mo# of the Aldermen ; all the Commanders of the Train’d-L’ands and Auxiliaries here exercil'e Arms. This Company conlifts of 600 Men. Their O.iiccrs are, a Leader, two Lieutenants, two Lnligns, two Serjeants, a Provoft Marflial, three Gentlemen of Arms, ire. they have alio a Couit-Mr.rihal confiding of a Prciident, and 14,Mem¬ bers of the Company ; on the l'econd Tacfl.y in Fibwry is a general Rendezvous every Year.

Z 4 344 SClje ^tjtfent State PartlU.

Now before I proceed to defer ibe the trefent Ghn of this Great and Unparalldl'd City ; and In. eaufe that having fpoken of its Antiquity, it p too jujlly appears to the Beholders, as if tk greatfl Bart of it were lately built ; I fhall fir the Satisfaction of Foreigners officially, and thofc who are curious in Enquiries, exhibit here a jhert Account of the Dreadful Fire of London, which begun the 2d. Day of September, 1666. mj in three Days Jpace, conftimed the greattfl part of the City, TIE City of London within the Walls contains 448 Acres of Ground, whereof the Buildings on 573 Acres were utterly confirmed, by that late dreadful Conflagration; alfo 63 Acres without the Walls, in all 436 Acres, 89 Parilh- Churches, and 1 ;acoIIoufcs, halides that vaft Cathedral of St. Paul's, -and divers Chappels, Halls, Colleges, Schools, and other publick Ldefices, whereof the whole Damage is hardly to he computed or credited. In that one Commodity of Books only, wherewith hr,, dm abounded, was loll (as judicious Stationers luvecom- und : l'or the Lol fell- molt upon that, Commodities, not Wines, Tobacco, Sugar and Pint beyond any City iucIi that one Per- fon, Alderman .7 >. to the Value of nor above fur or readful Fire there Firfl, Either the Dr. Baker and his Servant: No.«, The dead rii PartllL of ENGLAND. 34f Fmrth1.)', The dead time of the Year, being then the long Vacation, on the fecond of Scftmiir, when Tradefinenwere raicrally abroad in tile Country. ° BfM, The Clolenefs of the Buildings in that Place, ft- cifoting the Progrefs of the Fire, and hindering the ufual Remedy, which washy Engines to llioot Water. The matter of the Buildings therealouts, which was generally Wooden and of old Timber. Sv.swi/y, The long continued Drought of the preceding '...- '”d dried the Timber The Matt . f Wares in rhofj Parts, where tie greatell Si ; of the City of Oils, Pitch, Tar, Min, Wj- mftonc, iiemp, Cordage, Chcell-, Brandy, Sug; Halil/, An Eajtrr!y Wind, the dried of all others, that then did blow very ftrongly. Kuril/, The unexpended failing of the Water, the faa Water-Tower near to the Place where the Fire began, then out of order, and burnt down immediately af¬ ter the beginning of the Fire, fo that moil Water-Pines foundry. L.i/1/y, An unulual Negligence at fir ft, and a Confidence of ca'lily quenching the Fire, on a l'udden changed into a general Conftermtion and D.Tpondency ; all chuiin? ra¬ ther by Flight to lave their Goods, than by a vigorous'Op- iSs! loti, in Chun

to of i a Years Purchafs <1 Church of Sr. 34

348 anije Cerent State Partly Arno 1561, it was damaged much by Fire; and within t Years repaired by Q. Elizabeth ; the Clergy of the Province of Canterbury and the Citizens of Lmdn1, all contributing A little before the Parliamentary Rebellion, by the Care of Arch-bilhop Laud, whilfl he was Eilhop of Under this valt Building was in a great mealure folidly lnij fumptuoufly repaired ; and belides what was already ex* pended, 170000 l. reported in the Chamber of Lmfat, fot the linilhing it; but was taken out foon after, and im* ployed in an unnatural War, as it too often happens tint Rebellion ends in Sacrilege. It is now rebuilding with greater Solidity, Magnifi¬ cence and Splendor, by the mod: renowned Archireft, Sir Cbriflopher Wrm\ the Tax upon Sea-Coal ftill continuing, being it 6 d. upon every Chaldron ; belide the Libe¬ ral Contributions of pious and devout Perfons, among whom that Learned Pattern of primitive Goodnefs, Atch- hifliop Samroft, while he was Dean of this Church, was moll eminent for the carrying on fo Religious and Glori¬ ous a Work. The Body of this Noble Pile, is, for the moll part, already built, and appears now, through a Wood of Scaffolding, the YVonder, and the Glory of the Kingdom. The next is, that Ancient Stately Abby-Church of Wiji- ninjicr, Founded before the Normal1 Conqueft, by the pious King, Ehc.vd tin Cmfefor; and mod richly endowed; afterwards re-buiit from the Ground by King Ha. III. with that rare ArchiteSurenow l'een, wherein are the mod mag- nilicent Tombs, and Monuments of our Kings and Queens; of our greatefi Nobles, and famous Worthies of Eitglod To the Ealt End of which is added a Chappel of King H.n. VII. which, for the molt admirable arrilicial Work without and within, fora Monument of maffy Brafs, molt curioully wrought, and other Mailer-Pieces of Art, is fcarce to be parallelfd in the World. This huge Fabrict Rands on that, which was once the only firm piece of Ground in n'tfim'njkr, formerly called Thorny IfiutJ; where is faid to have been a Temple dedicated to and afterwards the Saxm King Stgbrrt, the Jirft Builder of Sr. Pad's aforementioned, built here alio a Church to St. Peter ; and yet itis the Conjecture of many Judicious Af chitefts, and Learned Antiquaries, that the ancient Straff® Part III- of ENGLAND. 349 j-et (landing, betwixt Thicvitig-Lom, or Biv-Jhat, and the great Sanftuary, no-.v employed only as a Cellar for Wines, called Beech’s Cellars, might very probably have been that Church of King Seghcrt; it being made Church- wife, with a double Croi's ; and the manner of its Build¬ ing, certainly of greater Antiquity than any other what- foever about the City ; the Pillars are very large, fquare, aid ftrong ; but bearing no true Proportion with tire reft of the Patrick ; the Arches pointed, yet in nothing imitating either the Git-hick or Oman Building. Queen Elizabeth converted this Abby into a Collegi¬ ate Church, and therein placed a Dean, and n Secular Canons, or Prebendaries, a Mafter, an9 Uiher, forty Scho¬ lars, Vicars, Singing-Men, and twelve Alms-Men. This Magnificent Abby-Church hath dF late years very much decayed ; and notwithlhnding the Dean and Pre¬ bendaries have largely contributed to clue Repairing of it, to the great leffening of their yearly Income ; yet being no ways able to fupport it without a Publick Benetaflion, the late Parliament was generoufly pleafed to allow them jocoo Pounds out of the Tax upon Coals towards this pious Work. Dr. DiHiti, the late Lord Arch-Bilhop of Terk, at his iirft coming to this Deanery, added a thirteenth Pretend, viz. Sr. Peter the Patron, which was an equal Share ro be allowed by the ia Prebendaries, amounting to the full Value of one of theirs, and is employed towards the Repair of die faid Abby- Church. There are Petty-Canons, and others be¬ longing to the Choir, ro the Number of thirty. Thefearethe the two Mother-Churches ; but it would be endlefs ro lpeak particularly of all the other Churches of great Remark ; as Bm-Church ir. Cbmpjhie; whofe coldly new Tower, for Solidity, Beauty, and a Ring nf Bells, is niatchlefs. Tic Spacious Church of Cc-eY«;-w7,hath not one Pillar in >■, belides thole Magnificent ones of its Portico ; yet the hoof which is Hat, and ’plain, is fubftantially Supported by Mylterious Workmanlhip. The Amplitude, and Srate- lincls of divers other Churches is s cry wonderful ; as U'ijl's-Churti’.St. si?hinw\-l!olbt»n,Su Liicmas ; where -here are two celebrated Weekly Lsftures, St. Michael 5 f° JHjC fetate Part m, Conihill's, Sc. Mv-^.v-a's, St. J.wies's and St. Anri $ yy(n. tamper ; mod of which arc richly furnifired with Maffij Communion-Plate, fumptuous Altar-Pieces, Marble, or All. hafter-Fonts, Can ed Pulpits, Cloths of Gold and Silver or Velvet, Fringed and Embroidered, Perfian Carpets and

FA LACES mill HOUSES beltmtm to the CROWN. NEAR the Abby-CImrch of PKJiiniiiftcr ftoodthe ltoyal Palace, and ufual Place of Relidence for th* Kings of EvglMid, wlio ordinarily held their Parliament, and all their Courts of Judicature in their Dwelling-Hon- fes (as was done at Aim by the King of Frame, in the 16 de Ivb/r-e Dam!; and is at this Day at Madrid by the King of Spam) and many times fate themlelves in the fiij Courts of judicature, as they do Rill in their Court of Parliament. A great part of this huge Palace was in the time of Hsu. VIII. dedroycd by Fire ; what remained hath ftill been employed tor the Ufe of the Lords and Com¬ mons allemblul in Parliament, and for chief Courts of Ju¬ dicature, and for the King’s Treafury. The Great Hill where the Great Courts of Iling’s-Bench , Common- Pleas, and Chancery are kepr, fome fay, was built by

Of the TOWER of LON DON. FO R the Security and Defence of this Famous City and River, there lurli been anciently divers Fortrelfo; but that called the liw «/ Let;,tea, hath been eminent!- hove all others: It is not only a Fort or Citadel to defend and command born Cit; and River, but a Royal Piiac.’ likewile where our Kings with tli.-ir Courts, have iometimes part III. Cf ENGLAND. 5,r lodged i a Royal Arfenal, where an; Arms and Ammuni¬ tion for doooo Soldiers; the Treafury for the Jewels and Ornaments of tile Etiglijh Crown, tile great Mint for Coin¬ ing of Gold and Silver ; the Great Archive, where are conferred all the ancient Records of the Courts of IVeflmm. jhr. &c. The chief Frilon for the fafe Cuflcdy of great Per- fons that arc Criminals in matters of State ; in (Sort, if the great Extent thereof within tire Walls be conlidered, and its Autlroritv over the fevcral Hamlets without, and tile many high Priviledges and Liberties belonging thereto, it may other be retired a City than a Citadel. In the midft of it, the great White Square-Tower was built by V/i!li.vn the Conquerour. In what County the Tower is (or whether it be in any) is not determined ; part of it fome bold to be in Mid- &frz, and part in the Liberty of the City: Thole that were tryed for the Murder of Sir Tfai/us Ovcrhtiry, by the Judges Opinio;;, were tryed as in the City, the baft being done in that part of the Tower held to be in the City Li- Withiil the Tower is one Parochial Church, and a Royal Crawil, called Cajar's Chappcl, but his now out of ulep; thcCburJi is called S. Pari -r! Vincula ivfra'Dm-hn, exempt horn all EcddiafKcal Juriidiftion of the Archbiihop, and is a Donative bcflowcd by the King, without Infiirution and Induftion. Conlfa!)lr.S Of HjC Sotocr.] The Twer of Lm.moil, M the beginning of Queen Elizabeth's Reign, teas Gov CafM, andfometimes by a Cujh, Turrit, and adVwGo- 1 kd'rheir Kelidence in the Royal Folate within the Tow times had the Cuhody of the Armoriev, Stor andVrihi-

PartlH. of ENGLAND. 5)-f Records of federal Courts to the Tower, for their preferva- tionand littery, not only as a Policy ot irate, but the par¬ ticular Intcroft of all Mai, having liitates, requiri.tg it ; there being many Prciidents for it remaining in the Records of the Tower, and a (utricular form of a Writ, to limd the Records in the Chappel of the Rolls to the Totver of "The Records of the Tower (amongit other things) con- uin the Foundation of Abbeys, and other. Religious HoF- fes; and the Records in the Rolls contain the Dilfolurijn of thole Abbeys, and the Donation of the Lands, of which many Families are now pofleft ; and if thole Records were all in one place, the people might have accefi unto them all under one and rite fame Search and Charge, which would be a great eafe and benefit to die People, and fafery to the Records of this Nat Bellies, the Records at the Ruff; being joined a thofe i; tVTmw,iVlravr, will make a -perfect r continuance of all the a ent Rights of the £„0, Nation, which are notv fit fort

[ Commits of fomc of tijr wfcoiss. ] The Leagues of Foreign Prir d the Tread ^all the Achievements of this Nation in Fr.ma, and The Original of all the Laws tli: nave been Enacted or Recorded, until the Reign of Rick,u 1H. The Homage and Dependency o! SVo.'/.-ih.-/ upon Ezgi.iti.'j. The Elhbliihment of helm:,tin L. The Dominion or ’:jh Seai totally excluding both the hack and HiS.mi a hill tiler out Licence from tyhnd, proved by R Js befbn : (.onquelh The Imcrclt 6f r he ljl:s cfjcriv, iur Jail are the remain- and how obtained, .niujii mac me icings ana l'rinccs ot this Land have.ui 1 that tune done abroad, or granted cr confirmed nut tiiitir Subjects at home or abroad. ?0 ! Else pjcftnt State Part HI, Tenures of all the Lands mEiighmi, Extents or Surveys of Mannors and Land ; Inquilitions fift mrttm, of infinite Advantage upon Trials of Intend or Delcent. Liberties ami Priviiedges granted ro Cities, and Towns Corporate, or to private Men, as Court-Leets, Waifts, t- lir.iys, Markets, I-'airs, l-'ree-Warren, Felons Goods, or what die could come to the Crown, or pals out of it. Several Writs, Pleadings, and Proceedings, as well in Cbavary, us in all the Courts of Comnon ?..r,v, and lx- Irifpiximu's and Enrollments of Charters and Deeds,mailt and done before rhe Comjucft, Deeds or Contrails between Party and Parry, and the |ull EfUbiillnnent of all the Oilices , die Nation. The Metes and Pounds of all the I-'orelh m withith the ieveral relpeaive Rights of .thethe Inhabitants ttomtherein to Common of Failure, &c, Celides many other Privikd- gc-s and Evidences, which are too long to be here repeated or inferred. , „ . . . , „ And are therefore in the Pet.tron of the Commons u brt'l.mi in Parliament, Anm 46 £nn>. III. A#»<0. 43. unto teethe perpetual Evidence of every Man s Right, andtht Records of this Nation, without which no Story oi the Ni¬ tron can he written or proved. Thefe Records are reported within a certam place or j Tower, called Wekf.di Tower, adjoining to the Bloody Tower. Near Traitors Gate there is another I lace calldi ■ju!!,u CVfo’s Ch,:pp,-l, in the White Tower; the going vj| to this Chappel is in Cild-bitricr, 84 Steps up, with «oil 1 great Pillars on each fide ; and, at the upper End ttel, there was a .Marble Altar, which in the late timesof lira- lion, was cauled robe beaten down, as a Monument of Ty ” TheJreJaVe Pmany Cart-Loads of Records lying intis Place • out of which IKUi.whPrwne, Efq; lace Keeper oil'.: ’.* • abIo Labour, collected and printed n»- ny of p cy. Ar.ivi 1659, itftfo, n5^>:, • bet>imiiiU*'/,n,W3 li:g;s joh.vmir tr is. nuron!)' Chart* /-I de and done before, jm| ucif, u iiiv of Mm : there fo1* Olice, Pojl^rur-;

me fdicr.il ©arks on tlje toljiclj contain tfjcKrcojosJ The Rolls of the Tamr arc varioufly diftinguilhcd, Mz. RttuH patent imn Char:arum, Pttrlimnmttrtm Claufanm, jiuium Smia, I afame, ft antis, Hikrnis, Wallin, Wnr.au; s, Alt- tuais, Oblats, Likrats, Entrails, Pcraabulatmits' fn-rfts, Satar. RituLHtrcjchal. Roms,dt Trait'll Chart. & Patent.] ad. hp-.tibttt lranjinarijiit, patent de Demibttt jiulsarum psoleihon. it;.arthiiatitn,&c. Stapulx. Cummultis aliis, which are late¬ ly depifted upon the outlide of every Prefs in the Repcli- torv belonging to each King’s Reign ; and very ealily to lebrought forth for the Ule of the Client by Tables of Orders hanging up in thefaid Oilice, and lublcribed by the Keeper thereof. Thefame is to be kept open, and conlhntly attended for allRefortcrs thereto, from the Hours of 7 to ai of the dock in the Morning ; and from 1 to 5 in the Afternoon , every Day of the Week, except in tire Months of Ikutultr, Jmtjrv and hintary-, and in them, from 8 til! 11 ill the Morning; and from r, till 4 in the Afternoon ; except on Holy-days, public!; Fading, and Thankfgiving days, and

DfficcofSDjSmncc.] With Oilice of bis MajeUy’s Ordnance, s Office of great Account and Impf Standing and Grand Magazine of Habiliments, Utenlils. and Inftrun Sea as Land, for the Defence and files, and

here is Powder to the rrels ; with Aims for H other Stoves properties

Part III.-- of ENGLAND. 3j9 tenant of the Ordnance is alfo togiveOrders forthe'Dif- cliariring the Great Ordnance, when required, upon Coro¬ nation Diys, Feftivals, Triumphs, and the like; andalfo to [.. ;k Train of Artillery, and all its Equipage ii’.tvd for mo¬ rn, icon any Occafion, when it fliall be ordered to be iJn into the Field. The Surveyor, his Charge is, to Purvey all his Majefly’s Ordnance, Stores, and Provibons of War, in the Cuftody of the Store-keeper, which he is to fee fo dillinguiilicd and pitted, as ihall be belt for their prefervation and litfety; for a decent View, and a ready Accompt; to allow all Bills of Debt, and to keep Cheque upon all Labourers and Artificers Works ; and to lee that all provilions reed- vd, be rood and fcrviceablc, and duly proved, with the Affiance of the red: of the Officers, and rile 1’roof- fffiers, and marked with the King’s Mark, if they ought “flie’cierk of the Ordnance, his Place is to record all Orias and Inftruffions given for the Government of the Ofa : as Hkewife all Patents and Grants, and the Names of ail Officers, Clerks, Artificers, Attendants, Gunners, La- 3 (So Jflje f&tnte Part HI. of Ordnance, Munition and Stores, except the faid Pro- portion be agreed upon andlign-d by the Officers, according ro the Signification and Appointment of the Mailer of the Ordnance, grounded upon the Order of his Majelly’s, or lix of the Privy Council, or the Lord Admiral, for matters concerning the Navy; nor to receive back any Stores for¬ merly ilfued, until they have been reviewed by the Sur¬ veyor, and regiflred by the Clerks of the Ordnance in the Book of Remains; to look that all his Majeily’s Store-hou. fes be well repaired, and well accommodated ; and the Stores kept-ill fuch Order and Luflre as is fit for the Service and Honour of his Majefly. The Clerk of Deliveries, his Duty is to draw up all Pro¬ portions, Or Orders for delivering any Stores or Provifions wliatfoever, either at the Tomer, or any other of his Maje- fly’s Magazines, to fee them duly executed; and by In¬ denture or Receipt to charge the particular Receiver of his Majeily’s faid Stores, and to regifter as well Copies of all Warrants for Deliveries, as the proportion delivered, for the better difeharging of tire Store-keeper. The Treafurer or Pay-mailer is lie, through whole Hands the Money of the whole Office of the Ordnance runs, as well for payment of Salaries as Debentures; by which methods all Money, but Salaries, is difpofed of, whether for Fortifications, Building, buying in of Stores, ire. and no Money to be by him allowed to any perfon, without being lillcd, or appointed, to be paid by the Mailer under his Hand. There are other fubordinate Officers, who likewife hold their places by Patent; as, Firjf, The Mitfur-Gumer of England, who is to teach and inftruft all fuch as defire to learn the Art of Garnery, and to adminiiler to every Scholar an Oath ; which, befiaes the . Duty of Allegiance, bindeth him not to ferve any Foreign Prince or State (without Leave) nor to teach the Art of Gunnery to any but fuch as have taken the faid Oath ; and to certifie to the Mailer of the Ordnance, the Sufficiency of any Perfon reppmmenc’eded to be one of his Maje¬ ily’s faid Gunners) and his Ability to difehafge the Duty 'Secondly, The prefent Keeper of the Small Guijs,-who hath the Charge and Cuftody of his Majeily’s Small Guns; as lttlII. of ENGLAND. ufquety, Ilarquebuzcs, Carabines, Piftols, &c. will There are divers other inferiour Miniders, Atre il Artificers; as the Cletks, Proof-mailers, Melf jfttt-Smitfi, Mailer-Carpenter, Mafter-Wheehvrigl t-Gunfimth, Furbilher, and the like ; which for 1 Kflullbepslfedover. Vet it may not be here omitted, that there is a : ptrintcndency and Jurifdiflion peculiar to the Ma t Ordnance, over all his Majeliy’s Engineers, er in the feveral Fortifications' of this Kingdom ; r loin have their Salaries and Allowances payable d Office, to which they are accountable, and from v :y receive their particular Orders and Inltruftion rding to the Direftions, and Commands given rjelty, and fignified by the Mailer of the Ordnance. Bit fpafftr OfaJrfilcrp.] Tile Train of Artillery the Tower, is very conliderable, and worthy of hr Obfervation, confiiting of 50 Pieces of Brafi nee, mounted on Trauling Carriages, with all it: me neceflary and lit for Marching; befides feveral -Pieces,' fome whereof are of an extraordinary Bi egteated Pieces of Cannon are Cannons of Eight, ’ gabout7000 Weight, and 63 Pound Bal: each; moll Natures to a Saker or Mignion, being rhe 1 here are other Trains of Artillery in his Majefty’ tines abroad ; as at Pirtfmutb a very conliderable o mail, mnJfir &c. with a great Number of A' mbs, CarcalTes, cite. tatter#.] The Gmmers of the Tcmr are to rr 1 look after the Ordnance mounted on the Lin' tteries, which are all fixed and ready with Cartr 1 Hail for Service, on the Ihorted Warning. C 3 6i nt g?cfnu State Parc Hi.

Of the MINT. MOreover in the Tower is !;ept the Office of the MV; although die King hath power to fit up a Mini in ay other place of his Kingdom. The Mint is a Corporation confifting of the Warden, Mafter, Workers, Mongers, d~,-. Tivas fo fettled by Charter of King Edm. III. and confirm¬ ed by the feveral kings lince. CUarOen Of tlje Symt-j In this Office arc divers Fa. foils of Quality and Worth, whereof the Principal is called tlreWWnr, and Keeper of the Exchange and Mint -, whofe Office is to receive the Silver and Gold brought in by the Merchants, Goldlmirhs, cr others; to pay them for it, and to over-lhe all the rail. Tee Fee 400 I. per Annum. SiPaJcr ailtl yio^fter.] Next is the ihfierand U'lrhr of Jiis Majefty’s Money of Gold and Silver, who receivesttt Bullion from the Warden, caules it to be melted, delivers it to the Moncyers, and when it is minted, receives it again from them : His Allowance formerly was’ not any Serfs;, but according to the Pound-weight, as by an Indenture, under the Great Seal appeared. The Fee now is see/, per Annum. Comptroller*] Tiie 0ffice ,s t ie who fees rhat the Moneyxhtxi be all made according to tb jnfl Aifr/e : rn over-fee the Officers, and comptrol Hem, if the Money be not as it ought to be ; his Fee is ;c: l f'3aaSjff£r.] Tire Fourth is tire Afaj-Mnfa, who weighs the Bullion, and fees that it be according to the Star,- danf; wliofe Fee is aye/, per Annum. SUihtOJG.l The Fifth are the Auditors, rotate the Ac- compts, and make them up. Tiicir Fee is ao I. pa Asm C SlirSirVOlOffllC pelting.] The Sixth is the Sunp of tl:e il-.’.ting, who is to lee the Bullion oft out, and iffi iva i,» nil -r-.i nir.T it is delivered to the Melter; which is, \ \T ier hath made trial th;reoi\ The he Tiicrc helong alfo to til-* Mint divers 0 her Officers,^ Weigher and Teller. Fee 1001. per Annum, 1 part III- of ENGLAND. 563 Chief Clerk, and Tour other Clerks. Graver. Fee 1 a; I. per Annum. Tire Pmifi of the Company of Moneyers, which Com- niny confifts of about 40 Pcri'ons, for working and coining of Gold and Silver Money. There belong alfo to the Mint Meltcrs, Smiths, Blanchers, Moulders, Labourers, &c. Thefe Officers and Monycrs of the Mint, have always been exempted from all publick Offices, and their Efhtes free from all Taxes and Parilh-Duties. fat. Biltfj.lritl Mb] Near the Town-is St. Katkarina, which hath a Royal Jurifdihtion for Ecclelialtical Caufes, and Pro- bare of Wills, and belongeth to rhe Q. Dtwngir; it hath 1 Commiffary; from whom, if any will appeal, it mud be to rhe King in his Court of Ghanurj only ; who thereupon ifcth out a Commiffion under the Great Seal, as in Ap- ptals from rile Ardns or Prer-gntiuit. The like Jurifdiftion hath the Tawo-and Liberties, the Re- dor of the Church being Commiilary.

1? H IT EH A L L THE next Rc'tai Place of Note is Wb. x heretofore to Cardinal U'eolfy, k: ted between rhe Tf-jr.;:, and a moil delefhblc and fpacioi is Park, full of great Vsricticj. This Palace, before tire ire which lately diti4nKnand commodiousbur "the no and which efouped the laid Fire, is the ( her. called the B.mju.-ttin’-Hsnfc; the like whet for Spacionf- refs, Beauty, Painture and c-xaic Proporri can parallel ; rhe Ceiling whereof’ all painted hy the Hand of rhe Famous Sir Pdcv Purr.' Re r Place of Re 364 pjtffut Stale Partin. Lodgings: Adjoining to it is a convenient Houfe, butcflf- fit State, bought by King Charles the Second, and bellowed upon her Royal Highnefs the Princefs. In the Strand are two other Noble Palaces belonging to tile Crown. The Savoy, a vad Building ; firft crefied all of Stone, bv Piter Earl of Savty and Richmond, Unde to Elearnr, Wife to our King Hen. HI. who, alter purchafed the fame for ter Son Edmund, Duke of Lamajltr ; and is now made ufe on for Soldiers. Here are the Remains of an Eccleliadical Col- ledge or Hofpital, now confiding only of a Mifter, called the Mailer of the Savty; who is that reverend. Divine, and mod coniummate Gentleman, Dr. Henry Killtgrm, Almoner to the late Dutchefs of Turk ; Four Brothers, who are all to be Clergymen ; and four poor Siders. In this Houfe is in ancient Chappcl, now the Parilh-Church of St. Slary Sam. The other is called Smerfet-Htuje ; built by £djtWDu!;( of Semerfet, Unde to King EdvarkVI; a beautiful and convenient Building, belonging at prelent to Queen Dow-

Of the CUSTOM-HOUS E. NO T far below the famous Bridge of Lmdrn, is placed the Cujhm-Hotife, where is received and managed all the Impofitions laid on Merchandize, imported or exported from this City. In this Office are employed a great number of- Officers, Whereof divers are of conftderable Quality and Ability'. 'As find, the Omiitijfmurs,vbo have the whole Charge and Management of all his Majedy’s Cttjlans (the Paiy-Fmtt ci'ceprcd) in all the Ports of England ; and likew-ife the 0- Vcrlight of all Officers thereunto belonging. The prefen: Commiffioners are feven, and are allowed by the King a Sa¬ lary of noo /. to each per Annum. Thefe Commiffioners hold thcirPlaces by Patent from the King, as thefe other Officers alfo do, via. ofENGL AND. 3«S

Comptroller-Genera] of the Accounts --rooo oo co Collcflor of the Subfidy outwards - - 2761304 Cutomer of the Cloth and Petty Cuftoms- 277 06 eg Colleftor of the Subfidy inwards-466 13 04 Collomer of the Fetty-Cuftoms inwards ■- 62 06 e8 Cuftomer of the Great Cuftoms - 50 00 00 Comptroller of the Great Cuftoms - 30 00 00 Comptroller of the Sublidy inward and outward aty 00 00 Comptroller of the Cloth and Petry-Cuftoms- 50 00 00 Surveyor of the Cuftoms, and Sublidies inward*! oo oa and outward / Regifter of Seizures - - --3000000 Chief Searcher - - .—— 120 °o 00 Collector of the Duties of the Aft of Navigation-; 00 00 00 Solicitor to take care of Coaft-Bonds, and other! ^ ^ Services. S ** ° 00 50 Redder in the King’s Remembrancer’s-Ofticel for Clerks, c~r. in looking after Coaft-Bonds/ H° c0 00 tier of the Cuftom-Houfe - -004 00 00 SerenUnder-Searchers, anal, each per jiimum.l In all/ c8° 00 00 :n King's Waiters at 52 /. each pi,ir Av.-l In all/ 9

Of cits appointed ly Warrant from the Lords Cotmmfw- ms of bis Majejtfs TREASURE

One Examiner outwards - -=30 00 00 One Receiver outwards -- ———080 00 00 One Copying Clerk outwards -- -0300000 One Examiner inwards - --060 00 00 One Receiver from the Plantations ——— roo 00 00 One Receiver for the grand Receipts inwatds —roo 00 00 One for the Wines and Currans One 366 Srljc J0jeffnt /state

ficiency of Officers .Securities j One Wine-Tafter end Cager - - One Clerk of the Coaft-Buiinefs -- One Aflilhnt to the Clerk of die Ships Entries - Clerk -- . -—- —i- Clerk of the Plantation-Accoinpts -—-— One Clerk to the Accomptant , --.. One Northern Clerk -■ -r One Plantation-Clerk. - - One Copying-Clerk •- -- Four Examiners of the out-Port Books -- Three Jerquers at i oo /. each —-- One Clerk of the Coaft-Buiinefs, and making] Bills of Store. - f Two Appraifers, each 30 l. is- Six pair of Oars for the Coaft-C'blloclors, each 1 60 l. per A,mam. f OnePay-Mafter of the Incidents - OneExaminer and Computer of the Wines and] Currans / A Door-keeper ro /. and a Meflenger 30 /. 1

Surveyor of the Ware-houfe -- Warehoufe-keeper for a Clerk —-- Affiftant to the Surveyor of the Warehoufe - 0 Seventeen Coaft-Waiters,. at 40/. per Annum. . each. Their Bulinefs is to go on Board' . Merchant-Ships, as they come up die Ki-k 6 ver Thames, till their Officers take them inC charge. In-all,) One Surveyor of the Coaft-Waiters -0 part IH. tf ENGLAND. 367 is of the Land-Waiters, at 150 /. each, Eight. . Makes inall-iaoo 00 00

' Is7 in'aTl1^— ifij 00 00 Regidcr of the Cocqucts in the Searchers Office 30 00 00 Tide-Surveyors, ac do /. each, makes -480 00 00 Tfc'i’ Land-Waiters, at 00 00 Fourfcore Tidefmen, at y-/. each, belides 31.) ;,r dim each , when employed on Board of£ 400 00 00 Slips. ' , , Thirteen Land-Carriage-men,. at 3; /. each, rvliofe Buiinefs is to take notice of all Goods S- 435 00 00 ty Carriers, which ought to pay Cufioms. i One Surveyor of the Land-Carriage-Men--.80 00 Oc Thirty lix"Watchmen, at 6 l. 15 :■ eacir - 243 00 00 Sixteen Noon-Tenders, who attend the Goods* on die Keys,-whilft the other Officers go to£ 255 00 00 Dinner, At 161. each.

One for the Sur.eyor of the Aft'of Naviga-) Onefor the Searchers, f r‘° One for the Wood-Office, \ One for the Surveyor of Search : At do I. each. '

Two pair of Oars there at 30 /. each ■- 60 co c<> hione Surveyor, Waiter and Searcher- 20 co 00 Two Peri'ons to dean tile Ctijlm-Huife - 24 00 00 Gnamch, one Waiter and Searcher - 50 00 00 lari/n, one Surveyor - - 40 00 00 lmht Rncivtr-Gitiml andCajhUr's Ojf«. Afliltant --— 100 00 co Three Clerks - - 140 00 00 One ;68

One to get Bills of Exchange accepted — Another Clerk for Bills of Exchange .- • The Gravifaid Smack, and five Men, &c. - Nezv-EitgliwJ, one Collector, and Surveyc and Searcher of his Majefty’s Duties in t ‘ feveral Colonies of Nm-Enghmd.

Surveyor-General —— --y — One Comptroller - . —-. - Cbichifter, Two Cuftomers *- ~ One Comptroller,at 13 /. to 1. OneSearcher

One Comptroller, /. Searcher, 10 /. Pool. One Cuftomer ___ . One Comptroller, 10 l. Searcher 8 /. . £-, One Cuftomer- - One Comptroller, 10 /. 6 s. 8

SOje fielrn Jatate PanE.

Pemanee, 4 Officer: Ptdttw, j. Q^Ticcrs - ---8000 Biddife-j‘, 8 Officers 4 Officers (oro-Vr, 4 Officers lend, 7 Officers Ur.ful 57 Officers — There are many more Ports than are here exprelt; and if they flrould be particulariz’d, would take up much more room; bcfidcs the Alterations which are frequently nude, will render the fame ufelefs. The Houle where this Great Office was formerly Jtept, being dellroyed by the late dreadful Fire , is now reto.lt in a much more magnificent, uniform, and commodious mannuer, by King Charles the Second, and coll: 10000 /. the Pudding. The Poft-Houfe-General is a noble Strufture, built by Sir Rote V'met i:i Lmihrdjireet, and purchuferl by the The Admiralty-Office is a large new-built Houfe, ova- again!W/M, skill The Navy-Office,- Excife-Office, ire. are of lelTer note, than can be particulariz’d in this Breviary.

e City of . with Tapef

fe of the Lad unlcfs upon Sundays and 1 in ttieir formalities, with r/’s Chuich.Tbi s appointed for every Sun- inch riia Preacher hath4i>. ainLegacy left for that * or, or one of his chief 0F- ce, to provide ^edging”1

?7* Eljc £:cfnu State Part III.

. MERCHANT-TAYLORS SCHOOL, j NExt is-that eminent School near Cnmm-Stmt, tujjt | by Sir The. White, Alderman, and Merchaiit-Tajhr cl London, the noble Founder of St. John Bnptijl-College in Ox. on. Here are 300 Scholars taught; 100 gratis ■, 100 it a r. 6 d. a Quarter ; and 100 at 5 s. a Quarter. To this School belong 46 Fellowfliips in the faid College at Oxm; to which, Scholars are from hence yearly eh tied, as Places become vacant. This School was likewife burnt down in the Great Conflagration; but was foon magnificently re-edify’d by the worlhipful Company of Msrcbi,„i<'i,prs, who were faithful Guardians and TniDte; for it. One Side of it (lands upon great Stone Pillars, in a Large Court , paved with Free-Stone. It hath a very fine Library belonging to it, and a large Houle , far the Mailer, with Apartments for each of the lira tlflicrs. That noble Grammarian, and famed Mereorolo- gift Dr. ,7c/.v; Go.td, prefided here many Years ; whole place is now worthily fupplved by the Learned and Prudent Ho,ory Short;,,Sl D. 1). At Morctn-Cbapp-l in Chiapjidi is an excellent School, be. .longing to the mod Beneficent and Worlhipful Company bc-iomtim; rowv; is another Famous Gram-

And near St. ihn.'.'s Church, in the Liberties of !((,?■ minjhr , is a very good Free-Schoo], and excellent public! Library, Founded by the mod Reverend Dr. To„iJm,m Lord Archbiihop of Cmiurlnr/. roar at k.r.-tv/i was Founued by Nicholas Gibfm, Grocer ■<>r 1.0,:loll, wno dujil tnere an Ahns-Houle for 14 pooratjid

*574 5Ut)C ^Jcfcnt Shite Part III,

GRES HAM-COLLEGE. Wlrhin the Wells of London is alio feared a College built by the aforementioned worthy Pcrfon Sir The. Grtjhani, and End'orved in manner following : After he had built the Rcy.ri Exchange, he' gave of the Revenue thereof the one moiety to the Mayor and Commonalty of London, and their SuccclTbrs ; and the other moiety to the Company of Miners in Trail j that the Mayor and Al¬ dermen (horrid find in all time to come, Four able Perfons to read within this College, Divinity, Geometry, and Mujlek: And to allow to each of them, helides their fair Lodging, yol. a Year; and that the Company of Mirim fliould iiml three more able Men to read Civil Law, Pbjfti and Rhetorich j and to allow to each one of them, belifofiir Lodgings, 50/. a year : And that thefe feveral Lefturen jhould read in Term-time, every Day in the Week (except Sundays) Morning in Latin, and Afternoon the fame in fag- lift; The Mufck-Lcfture to he read only in Ettglijh The ProfefTors or Fellows of this College, have ever been, and Pill are, Perfons rf rhe choiceP Parrs. Divers other worthy Works were done by that moll Noble Ciriv.cn Sir 7k. Grijham, as can teftilie his AM- Hcufes in Bn-J-jhcet; the conliderable Sums of Money difiributui quarterly for ever to 5 Prifons and 4 Hofpitils, in and about this City- In this College meet rhe Fciloxs of the Royal Siciity, fo much firmed throughout rhe World ; concerning svhich the Reeder may take this brief Account, extraflcd in part out of that excellent Hiitory of the Royal Society, written by Dr. Jin. Sprat, now Bilhop of Rcchejhr, and Dean of tK/rv.n/f.r. Jrirft jrounSaticu of flje ^ofic.'p.] The firft Affembly which laid the Foundation of this,Royal Society, ra Come Years before the happy RePauration of our Died Sovereign Charles the Second) at H'adham-Collige in 0j/»ri in the Lodging of Dr. Wilkins, late Lord Bilhop of Cheficr ; where did then ufually meet Dr. Seth Wsti, late Lord Biflrop of Salisbury, the Honourable Robert Stfa, Sir William Petty, Me. M.iSlhtso Wren, Dr. Wallis, Dr. Gr.b’.vi, Dr. Wilis, Dr. Batl.r.if,siow Dean of Weis; Sir Chipp’ partIII. of ENGLAND. ?7> «rr„ now liis Majefty’s Surveyor-General; Mr. HrJ\ ud feme others; all Men of Excellent Learning and ^Afterwards about the Year i. Hiajbaro, Efq; Henry Sling,bj Hit}; Cirri, Sir Gorge Knt, milium Ball, Elq; .ihrdiam Hill, Ltq; DWilliam Crm, and divers other Eminent Pcr.ons, tU that wonderful pacifick Year 1660. Then the Debt'll being favoured by fome ingenious worthy Pcrfons. who, to their immortal Honour, had Mowed the King ill ins Elile; at length his Majefty took notice thereof and was mcicufly pleafed fo far to favour and encourage it, as to «rmt a large Charter, bearing Date the aid of Jlgrll, whereby they were made a Corporation, to comift of a P1eM-.1t. of a Council, and of Fellows, for promoting the Knowledge of Katm-al Tbivgi, and VjtftUrtj, by Expert- nents: Wherein his Majefty declares liimfelf to be Foiir.- der and Patron, Sovereign and Companion of this Society ; Gnnting them power to purchal'e Lands and Houles, to live a common Seal, a Coat of Arms, two Secretaries, two 01 more Curators of Experiments, one or more Clerks, and two Sergeants at mace : To make Laws, Statutes, Orders, ml Conftitutions amongft themielves: To have one or more Printers and Gravers ; wirh a Power to print wha; they lhall fee good ; lo take and anatomize Dead Bodies of Peifrns, who have been put to Death by Order of Law ; to ereft Colleges. fDffiCi* Of tlje ^e&oent.] The Office of the Prefidenc is to call and dillolve the Meetings, to propole the Matter whereon to ccnlidcr; to put Qucllions, to call for Expcrif mentt, to admit the Members that from time to time lhall 37 6 Eljcpjcfent State partin. Curators.] The CureMrs or Experimmltrs are to receive the Directions of die Society, and at another Meeting, briV all to the TeL ; and the Society judges thereof; whereby the Wr r!d may have the concurring Tetliniony of min; rerlbnt nf undoubted Credit, for the Truth of whatever rhev (Ini! publifli. . , illif iicnutrof Clcttiiig jffllote.] Their aw,/ FMflirg 1'Uhivs, is according to the' 1'tniutm way, by Ballot- ring. At one Allembly the Candidate is proposed by fom( tii.tr know him well ; the next he may be put to the' Scru¬ tiny .for which the Candidate mull have the major Number of a r Suffrages at tile lealb ; and then at that or the next A£ fc-mbly, he may be introduced and fokmniy admitted by tiie i’ufidenr. At his Admiiiion he fublcribes this Fromife following, 75* he mihv.ianmr fnnmt ,k<«d tfjhi Reyil Society of London, fxfy the ,/ Afr .. rion, only by lignifying under lent, That he delires to withdraw from mil ^Einiffanct.] When any one s to the Trcafurer only 40;. and fo long as he continues a Member of

teD uf/w/hS, and E Alar- ■fe, the fame Day and Hour; >%, every Weimfh] about Part III. of ENGLAND. S77 inddifcourfeupon Letters from all Part-, Reports, and o- ther Papers containing Philol'ophical Matters ; to view and difcourle upon the Productions and Rarities of Harm-: and jhtt to conlider what to deduce from t'vm, how they mjy be improved for the Benefit of Mankind, which istheir In their dilcourling, they lay alula all Set-Speeches, and Eloquent Harangues ; anil every one endeavours to tspiefs liis Opinion, or dtfire in the plained and mod con- fibjtdion attaint! tljis; Society anfteercO.J But the greitell Quellion atnongft fome Men ar prefent, is, V/hat hath this Royal Society done all this while ? which, for the Satisfaction of thole Alen, thall here receive Inch an Anisver, as the intended Brevity of this Book will allow. CjptrimfnW mabe bp tljC'j30Cicfp-]The Royal Society then, lince their firdlnftitmicn, have made a volt number of Experiments in almod all the Works of Nature ; they hive made particular Enquiries into very many things, of the Heavens, as well as oftheEaith; Eclipfct, Comas, Ms. hin, ilka, Plants, Animals, Earthquakes , Fiery Eruptions, of Hitt, Currents, and Depths of the Sea ; and many lim¬ ited other things ; they have compofed many excellent fat Hiftorics of Nature, of Arts, M.vafallure', &c. whereof fome are extream curious ; in a Word, the Uilcoxcries and Inventions made, fiiould we fay, but by fome few l'erlons of this Society, if wed coniidered, feern toliirpals the Works of many foregoing Ages. JOtantagEH ant) ]D^06t bp it.] But what Advantage aid Benefit aimears. after fo manv Meetings? It is true, they hare made many Exp • “ '' ’ ‘ ' ' them) and per!; or Profit ; yet, tit no Iniali Ule

Condi 378 sn&e J0)eft«t State Paitl! dom upon planting Woods, Grovct, Orchards, Untjatis Ever-gremt, but alfo Ireland, Scotland, Nca-England, Urging Jamaica, Barbados}; all our Plantations begin to feel t(,. Influences of this Society ; they have awakened the whole Civilized, Lettered and Intelligent World; fo that in all Countries they begin to be much more intent upon Experimental Knowledge, and Practical Studies j upon New Inventions and Difcoveries, which the Authois of them always recommended to this Society, to |,e Examined, Approved, or Corre&ed : So that if any rf the prefent Englifh Nation be fo blind, as not to f« the Ufefulnefs of this Society, Pofterity will, to their Shame, acknowledge it with Gratitude, as Foreigners alrea- dy do from all Parts. To conclude. They have regiftred Experiments, Hi- fFories, Relations, Obfervations, &c. reduced them into one common Stock, and laid fome part of them up in publick Regiflers, to be nakedly tranfmitred to the nen Generation of Men, and fo to all Pofterity: Hereby laying a folid Ground-work for a vaft Pile of Expert- ments, to be continually augmented through all future Ages ; a tiling, if begun in time of the Learned Creeks or Roman}; Nay, if it had been begun but in the very laft Rel'urreCtion of Learning in this Jaft Age, What Wonders would it, in all probability, by this time have produced ? What depth of Nature would now hive been unfathomed ? What Faculty of the Soul would lie now in the Dark ? What part of Humane Infirmities would not have been provided againft ? SEfjeir Hituarp.] Moreover the Royal Society, for tie Advancement of this Noble Delign, hath begun a Library to confift only of filch Authors as may be ferviceable to that Delign; toward which, the late Earl Marlhal of fig- land hath been pleafed to beftow on the Society, tie whole Norfolcian Library ; with a free permillion of Changing fuch Books as are not proper for theirWpik; whereby, in a Ihort time, they will be able to (hew a eompleat Collection of all that hath been publiGied in Ancient and Modern Languages , which either re¬ gard the Production of Nature, or the Effefts of slDlr PaFtUI.- of ENGLAND. sttfit JRcpofitOff.] At Grejisun-Ctlltgi is the free and bountiful Gift of Daniel Coheal, Efq; lately defcribed by Dr. Crete; wherein are to lie feen many thoufands of great Rarities, fetcht (Tome of them) from the fartheft Comers 0f the habitable World ; as Beads, Birds, Fifties, Serpents, Flies, Shells, Feathers,Seeds, Minerals,Earths: Somethings petrified, others, offiied; Mummies, Gums, &c. Divers of which have been fince added by other worthy Mem¬ bers of that Society, and by other ingenious Perfons : and, in a Jhort rime is like to be (if not already) one of de hrgefl and moft curious Colleftions of the Works of Maturein the World. II|flC(£oa£ Of Anti'S,] TheCeat of Arms granted by his Majelly to the Royal Society, is a Scutcheon, with Time Urn if England in Chief: Intimating that the Society is Koval; ^ he Crejl is an Engle, and the Summers, Hunting Hiifi,Emblems of the quickeft Sight and Smelling, to in- timire the Sagacity employed in penetrating and iearching iftertheUimb of Nature. SSniE Of Illation.] Of the Members of the Coun- til, eleven are to be continued for the next Year, and t;n more to he added to that Number, all to be cho- fenyearly upon the Feaft of St. Andrea in the Morning; after which Eleflion they all dine together at a V enilon Feaft. The Reader may perceive by the Lift how many So- lit, Learned, Solid, Ingenious Perfons of different De- grew, Religions, Countries, Profeflions, Trades and Fortunes, have united and confpired, laying alide all Mimes of Diftinftion, amicably to promote Experimental

COLLEGES of LAW. Of the Colleges of Civilians, called D 0 CTO R S COMMONS. Although Degrees in the Civil Law may be taken only in Oxford, and Cambridge, and the Theory left there 10 be acquired ; yet the practice thereof is molt of ail in Im- 5 8o SCbe pjefnit S>tate Partm, Lumen, where a Colledge was long fince purchafed by Dr. Henry Harvey, Dean of the Arches, for the ProfelTors of the Civil-Law in this City, and where commonly did relidethe Judge of the Arches, the Judge of the Admiralty, and the Judge of the Prerogative Court, with divers other eminent Civilians, who there living (for Diet and Lodging) in a Collegiate manner, and commoning together, it was known by the Name of Dotfms Comment, and flood near Sr. Pouts in the Parilh of St. Boat's Pauls-wharf; which Buildings' being utterly confumed hy the late dreadful Fire, they ill refided at Exittr-lmfe in the Strand, and are fince returned to their former Place, rebuilt in a very fplendid and more convenient manner than the former, at the proper Collsmd Charges of tire laid Debtors, where they now keep their fe- veral Courts and Pleadings every Term.

Of PROCTORS. TH E ProHors, or Precurators belonging to the Courts a- forementioned, are Perfons that exhibit their Proxies for their Clients, and make themfelves Parries for their Clients, produce the Witnefles, prepare the Caufesfbr Sen¬ tence, and attend the Advocates with the Proceedings. Thefe are alfo admitted by the Fiat of the Archbifhop, introduced by the two Senior Proflors, and are allowed to praftice immediately after their Admilfion ; they wear black Robes and Hoods, lined with white Furs, takingthe Oaths of Allegiance and Supremacy.

Tm High-Court of ADMIRALTY of ENGLAND. FO R the deciiion of Maritime Controverfies, Tryal of Mak'fjftors, anj the like, there is a High-Court of Ad¬ miralty here kept. There is a Judge thereof; whole Title is, Supremo Curia jHm.raUla-it /.'.!• Lofua taunt judex,Civo Prxjldevs : The VVr.rs and Decrees run in the Name’ of the Lord High Ad- partlll. tf ENGLAND. 381 miral or Lords Commiffioners executing that Office; and lie direfted to aU Vici-Mmirals, JaRictt of Peace, Mayors, sb-rifl, Bailiffs, Conftalles, Marjhals, mid Others, Officers, amt liinijitrs of oar Sovereign Lord the King, a, mil within Lihc- lies as within:. To this Court belongs a Regifier, and his Deputy, and a llirfbal-Giiicral, who attends the Court, and carries a Silver Oar before the Judge, whereon are the Arms of the King, rad the Lord High-Admiral. The Lord Admiral hath here his Advocate and Proffer, ind all other Advocates and Proffers are prefented by them, and admitted by the Judge. This Court is held on the fameday with the Arches, buc in the Afternoon; and heretofore at St. Margaret's-Hid in Srjthtork, but now in the fame Common-Hall at Dochirs Cmr-as; but the Admiralty Seffion is ftill held for the Tryal of Alalefaftors, and Crimes committed at Sea, at the ancient place aforefaid. The Places and Offices belonging to this Court, are in the Gift of the Lord High-Admiral.

His Majefiys High-Court of Delegates : C.onarnhig this, anil other Ecchfiaftkal Courts, fee Part 2. Page 147.

T Court is kept in the Common-Halt the next day after the Prerogative. The Citations and Decree.’ here run in the King's Name. Prom th 10 yippeal Cut the King, of hi e Roy many times doth grant a t-mimjjam or ncv. BmiSeah In this Colledge alfo uffially refides the V, longing to the Archbilhop of Canterhurr, Primate, hath the Guardiuniiiip of the Spiriri ry Bilhop within his Province , during rile executes all Epifcopal Power and Jcrifdifhion by his >..... - The Archbilhop of Tork hath the like Power in his fro- ; 82 SElje $?efcnt State Part m, AVf, Tlut either of the Archbifhops, and every Bilhop Archdeacon, and Dean and Chapter throughout both Pro! vinces of Cmterlur) and lirk, hath a particular Ecclefiafti- caljurifdiftion, and an Ecclefiaftical Court thereto belZ ing, whereof there is a Judge, which for the moil part I one of the Doftors of die Civil-Law, alio a Regifer and Proftors exercent in the fame ; and that before the Victr- general, and Chancellors of the Biihops, are tryable all Ec- cleHaflical Caufes within their refpe&ive Diocefles, except Letters of Requeil be granted by the Diocelan liifhop, « Ordinary of die Place, to the Party to fue in the Court of Arches, which is ordinary. , Nate alft, That the Vicar-geuenils and Chancellors, an appointed by the refpeftive Archbifhops and Biihops, by Letters Patents under their Seal, and confirmed by the Dean and Chapter of the refpeftive Cathedrals. - In like manner, Kate, That every Vice-Admiral hath the Power of keeping Courts within liis Jurifdiflion, touching fuch Affairs as belong to the fame. Kate, That the Civil-Law Teems begin and end not much different from the Terms at W.fimwJKr ; and in every Tern there are feveral Court-days m every of thefe Courts, which for the moll part are fixt and known by preceding Holy- days, or Saints days, and the red arc appointed std arbitrim

Tbs ARCHES Court of Canterbury. •yiiL 01 if Court of the Archbilhop is-that of die At- The Judge of this Court is fti! He iitteth and hcareth and determinerh of n Men, ash neceliary io PartlD. nfENGLAND. !e«jtions, and Exhibits of Witnefles: File all Sentences, and keep the Records of the-Court. ' ’ ihe Beadle attends the Court, carrieth a Mace before the Jute, and calls the Perfogs cited to appear. 1 Thofe that are allowed to be Advocates, and plead in this Court, are all to be Doctors of the Civil-Law, in one oftbeUniverfities of England; who, upon their Petition to the Archbilhop of Canterbury, and his Fiat obtained, are ad¬ mitted by the Judge of this Court, .upon condition not to praftife for one whole Year after ftjch admittance. ' The manner of their Admittance is thus: The two Se¬ nior Advocates, in their Scarlet Robes, with the Mace be¬ fore them, conduft him up to the Court, with three low Reverences, and prefent him with a Ihort Latin Speech, and tie Refcript of the Archbilhop, then the Oaths of Allegir ince Supremacy, and fome other preferibed in the Sta¬ tute of the Arches, beingtaken, he is admitted by the Judges, ud a Place and Scat in the Court afligned unto him, ei¬ ther b Dixtris, or SiniJIrit, which he is always to keep when The Judge and all the Advocates in tills Court alwayj ttear their Scarlet Robes, witlt Hoods lined with TaSaty, if they be of Oxford, or white Minever Furr, if of C.m- bilre, and all round black Velvet Caps ; and the Proflors treat, cr ought to wear, Hoods ' lined with Lamb-skin, if not Graduats, but if Gtaduats, Hoods proper to the De¬ gree According to the Statutes of this Court, all Arguments nude by Advocates, and all Petitions made by the Proftors, ait to he in the Latin Tongue. All Freeds of this Court runs in the Name of the Judge, thus, Georgius Oxtnden, L. L. Dr. Ame Citrus Cam. de Avcu~ ha lad. Ojfcialis Principalis, and retornable before him, here¬ tofore in Boro-Church, now in the Common-Hall at DcBors 3 84 JlIjc p?ffutt feiatc pattHi!

The Prerogative Court of Canterbury. NExt is another Court belonging to the ArcIibiHiop of Canterbury, called the Prerogative Court. See Pan MS. _ _ _ | The Judge of this Court’s Title is, Curia Pren^aliveCm. Mafj(ley, Cuflos.Jlvt Commi/fariiiT. _ All Citations and Decrees run in the Name of the Arch- bifliop. This Court is kept in the fame Common-Hall in the Af¬ ternoon, next day after the Arches, and was heretofore ' held in the Confiftory of St. Paul's. The Judge is attended by the Regiltcr, and his Deputy, who fets down the Decrees and Afts of the Court, mi keeps the Records: all original Wills and Teftamentsof Parties dying, having Buna Kotabiiia, See. The place is com¬ monly called the Prengasivc Ogice, now kept in the Dsn's- . Court near St, Paul's Church-yard ; where, for a modente Fee, one may fcarch for, and have a Copy of any fuchTeftamenc, made fince the Rebellion of V/.u l)b and Jackstraw, by whom marry Records and Writings in fevcral places of Lotirlon were then burnt and destroyed Under the Jtegiftcr are Six Clerks, feverally appointed fot fuch and fuch relpeflive Counties. Tire Places belonging to this Court, are in the Gifts of the Archbilhop of Canterbury.

INNS of Court. TH E Colledges of Municipal or Cmmu-Laa Profeffois and Students, are 14, called ftill tor, the old Englilh Word for Houfcs of Noblemen, or hilltops, or Men of extraordinary Note, and which is of the fame fignifcitioa with the French Word Uijlel at Paris. Thera are Two inns of Serjeants. Four Ir.m of C'carr. Eight Inin of C!:,vntry.

586 ' Slit ficfcnt Sltite Partlli. If the Command of King Jumei the Firft had been careful¬ ly obferved, and one more-added, 'u.x,. That none but Gen¬ tlemen fhonhl eafily and ordinarily be admitted to Eccleli- adicai Dignities, there would be in £tgW fufficientPiovi- firms for the younger Sons of Nublemsn and Gentlemen; whereof now very man) are the Objc&sot Pity, either for Meting, or doing much lev il, for want of lit Employments; and there would be, doubrieis, lefs Corruption in oar Ecdefiaftical and Gtrrl Government, me lerious Con- fideradon whereof would be a Work worthy of out Path- Thefe Societies are no Corporations, nor have any Judici- -al Power' over their Members, but have certain Orders a- mong themfelves, which have, by confent, tire force of Laws for Lighter Offences they are only ExcommoneJ, or put out of Commons, not to eat with the reft ; and for greater Offences they lofe their Chambers, and are aptll’d the Coliedge, and being once expell’d, they are never re¬ ceiv’d by any of the three other Societies; which Depriva¬ tion of Honour to young generous Spirits, is mote gtie""” than perhaps Deprivation of Life. Thefe alfo, when they meet at Chappel, or Hall, Courts of Juftice, wear a grave black Rohe and Cap, ther times walk with Cloak and Sword. There are no Lands or Revenues belonging to thefe So¬ cieties, which being no Corporations, ace not enabled 10 purchafe. or have tliev auv thing for the defraying the Charges of the Horde, hut what is r aid at Admittances, ill Quit-Rents for their Chambers. The whole Company cl Gentlemen in each Society, may be divided into four Pam, , and Stadmu. rrdering of the wh'ole Hout;;

Ith, Xbu.KtCand’acc” teth for all Moneys belonging “ Otter “jParcito.] i e fuch, as foul their Learning and Standi are called by the Benches to plead and arglte in tile Soc 1 C tfes and Quelh- ;, the old Sirs Word for’the M ;, or elfe from the fracb, W, aWordl and whilft they uethe laid Cafes', they Mf retmoft, on die Forms of llenchets, which they f111^

88 SHje piefcnt feiate Partin. the youngell Utter-Barrifler again rehearfeth another Caft, which is profecuted as the former was, and this Excrcilccoii. tinueth daily three or four hours. Out of thole who have read once in the Summer Vaaf. on, and are Benchers, is chofen always one to read in be, who obferves the like manner of Reading as before is «• preffed. Out of thefe Readers ufually the Serjeants are chofen.

The Manner of pooling in the Inm of Cm: i thus. IN thefe Vacations, after Supper, in the Hall, o Drinking oh Falling Nights, the Reader, with. two of the Benchers, comes in ; to whom one of thetfc ter-Barrifters propounds fome doubtful Cafe ; which being argued by the Benchers, and laftly by him that moved Sa Cafe ; the Benchers lit down on the Bench at the upper-end of the Hall whence they are called Benchers ; and upon i Form in the middle of. the Hall, fit two Utter-Bmifa, and on both fides of them, on the fame Form.litteth om Inner-Barrijter, who doth in hms-French declare to the la¬ thers (as the Serjeants do at the Bar in the King’s CotutB the Judges) fome kind of Aftion ; the one being, as it were, retained for the Plaintiff, and the other for d* Defendant; which ended, the two Utter-Barrijhrs npc >fuch Quellions as be difputable within the Cafe; after which the Benchers do likewife declare their Opinions, how they take the Law to be in thofe Quellions. In thefe Heatings the Junior always argueth fell, as 1st fed among the Judges in the Exchequer-Chamber, and : mongll theiSerjeanrsin open Courts of Judicature, ditfr mr and Utter-Barrijhrs plead here in Law-Frath, and lb Benchers in Englijh ; and at the Readings, the Readers Cafs are put in Evglijb. part HI. of ENGLAND.

j}( Manner of keeping a Chriftmas in any t Imt of Court, thus. THE Students hold a Parliament before Chrij and in cafe there be in Lendm no Pcftilence, ant thtHoufe is fiirniflied with fuch number of Students of fuch Quality, as are meet to keep a folemn Crbr/j tbare chofen and appointed certain of the Students Officers, in imitation of the King’s Court as Cmptr, lk Imr Ttmple, fo of the Hiddk-TmpU, ftilcd Lieuta ihTmr, and Tr'afurer, &c. Thefe bear Rule i Houfe, during the whole time of Cbriflnur, and are I hve themlelves in that Port, Gravity, and Authori if they were fo in the King’s Ploufe ; that fo hereafter my know the better to behave themfelves, in cafe Md be promoted to that Honour; for thefe Gent! ire ufually of fuch Quality, as come not hither wir tart to profels the Law, but to learn fo much Law, at knecelhry to preferve their Eftates, and to make I ftlves accompliflied in other Qualities neceilary for At fuch times they have here divers Diverrifemen Fading every Day, Singing, Dancing, Mulick, Di which laft is allowed there to all Comers, and is ft litre, that what the Dicers allow out of each Wit »tle Butler’s Box, ufually amounts to about 50 ; ad a night; wherewith, with fmall Contribution frorr Men:, are the great Charges of the whole Chrijbu rayed. tiuir ®lintt.] Sometimes, when their publick Tr Eiitf 13;efent £®te PftrtUj.- 39° That the manner of their Parliament is briefly thjfc.V Parliament.] Every Quarts common];-the R,. ci-.rs caule one of the {landing Officers of rhe Houfe tofum- iiv-'i-i a Parliament, which is on!;' an Allenibly and Con- f-renceof Bmchms, and U:tcr-B.miprs, which are called the Sage-Company, and meet in a place called the Parliament- Chamber. and there treat of fuch MatccK as ihall feemei- neilient for rhe good ordering of the Houle, and the Rcfoi. mation of filch Things as they fhall judge meet to be reform, ed • her'are the Readers for Lent and Summer Vacation, \a!fo the Treafurer is here chofen, and the Auditors ip. pointed to take the Accompts of tire old Li.-alimr, t?r. ILre Offences con,mired by any oi the Society, are pa- nl Thel’e'lnns of Court are mod wifely fituated by out An- cellors, between the King’s Courts of Judicature, and the ' mod opulent City of Lmdm. In the Four Inns of Court ate reckoned about Eight hun¬ dred Students.

INNS of CHANCERY.i Tfl E Inw of Chmccri were balily fo named, beetle there dwelt fuch Clerks a l chiefly ftujy the form- ing of Writs, which regularly that are Officers of Chancery. * . Wm-m-Uk, begun ill the Reign of b'.xa nurchafed by Umolns-hm, Ntw-Imi, Ctuneiv 1mm, anciently the Houfe of the Lord CO belonging to the Merchants of the Staple ; m y anciently a common Inn, with the Sign of the Lmi mvni's-hn, and Bmumt';-'-™ *'Thefe 'Veto heretofore preparatory Colledges for younger Students, aimand manyi~.j were entred—• litre, before they we admitted into the inns cj Court. Now they are for the molt part taken up by the Aum.% SuBicrm, and Ci:rh, who have here their Chanters upl¬ and theirtheir’ Diet ata: a very caneeafie rate,rare, inm ain*i mil together.ogeui-, they are obliged to appear in grave long Robes, and baa round knit Caps. Thele Colledges belong all to feme"" to

$9* ffijcpjelfitt Slate pan®, ■©tgrees bj> toljiclj tljcp rife] The young Student,™ the Common-Law, being bred two or three years in the Univerlity, and there cluefly verfed in Lo*ick and Rlntmi, b.'th expedient for a Lawyer, and gotten fome inlight into the Civil-Law, and fome skiil in the French Tongue, is well as Latin, he is admitted to be one of the four Jrnil Cu r:, where he is firft called a Mmt-mnn, and after aboti (even years Study, is chofen an Utta-Barrifter; and having then fpenr twelve years more, and performed the Exercifa before-mentioned, he is chofen a Bencher, and fome time after a Render : During tiie Reading, which heretofore was three Weeks and three Days, as afore-mentioned, tie

sc- /. Afterwards he weirs i er liarriflers, and is then ini a- at Lmv, when his Majefly Dull of ENGLAND. i9i ■ays wear the white Linnen Coif, which he had as a ncipal Badge of a Serjeant, and which he had ever the viledge co wear at all times, even in the King’s prefence 1 whilft he fpake to the King; though anciently ii s not permitted to any Subjeft to be fo much a; pp’d in the Prefence of the King of England, as ai dent is not allowed in the Prefence of the Pope or o:

| JlllUjE ttiatit.] When any of the aforementionec dges are wanting, the King, by the Advice of hi until, makes choice of one of thefe Serjeants at Lhw ti pply his place, and conftitutes him by Letters-Patent akd by the Chancellor , who fitting in the middle o e reft of the Judges in open Court, by a Set-Speec] clues to the Serjeant, (that upon this Occafion i ought in) the King’s Pleafure; and to the People til ins’s Goodnefs, in providing the Bench with fuch abl 594 JSjefem fetatc partI[r; Fee of a Birrilter roj. (which yet is much more tUi: ufuilly gisen in any of our Neighbour Nations at this Day,) but at prefent it is become almofl: ordinary, tj give l'ome Serjeants sot. and fome sol. and to a i*. rider half as much, at the Hearing of any confident]: Caufe ; whereby it comes to pafs that fome Lawyers in one Year, gain in Fees ;ooo /. and fome 4000/. a;]J few Y'ears purchafe Eilstes fit for Lords; and fometima live to fee themfelves to be advanced to be Peers of tte Realm, as the late Lord Keepers, Coventry, [imb, fei, and 'jcjlnci. lafpllMtiMl Of our idslxi-^dfffrffo^tf] Now all tlief: foremcntioned Inns, or Colleges fur the Sriu-unu intrr Common-Law, Lein" nor far didant from one another, i make here the molt famous Profelfion of tire Law is IB the World ; and ir will be a very difficult thing 10 find in any one Foreign Univcrfiry. lu many bredem in the Law, that are of that ripe Age, and of tint high Kite, That out of the Serjeants aforementioned, the Rug by Writ , ufually calls iome to be of his Council a Lasv, allowing eacll one IVadage, Easdage, f'.JInr.sge, ir.t R-’gm-dage; rliete lit within tlte liar in all Courts it Kyi. min/lcr, except in the Court of Common-l’leas, where all lit without die liar.

Of tie College of Vhjfmtms in LONDON, AMongfl: other excellent Inftirutions in the City tf Under., there is a College or Corporation of Plf- dans, who by Charters and A£ts of Parliament of tta.Vlll. and lince his Reign, have certain Privileges, whereby a) Man, though a Graduate in Phylick, of Oxford or Cm bridge, may, without Licence under the Laid College Seal, pradiife Phylick in London, or within liven Miles ti die City, (nor in any other part of England in cafe he Inn not taken any Degree in Oxford or Cambridge) whereby alii they can adinmilfer an Oath, fine and impril'on any Off ders in that, and divers other particulars; can make Bp Laws, purckafe Lands, &c. whereby they have Authoriif

396 %\i Picfnit i&tate PartH[. the Increafe of London, fince the fir ft Incorporation of the College by King Hairy VIII, thought fit to incrale the Number of Feliotvs to Forty ; and upon the fam! Account, King James II. taking into Coniiderationthe farther vaft Increafe of Buildings of late Years, waspleaiy in the new Charter, to appoint the Number of Fellows to be farther enlarged, fo as they (hall not exceed Fourfcote; refervingto himfelf the power of placing oc dilplacingany Fellows for the future. Before this new Charter none could be admitted Fel¬ lows of the College, but only fuch who had taken their Dr Hors Degree in one of our Univerfities, Oxford or Cambridge, But now all thofe who have taken their Degree in Foreign Univerfities, are qualified to become Fellows. Befidcs the worthy Perlons mentioned in the Lift ; there are divers Phyficians that have good Praftice in Lmdtn, although they never had any Licence, which is connived at by the College ; and fo is the too much praftice of Eat- pcricks, Mountebanks, pretended Chymifts, Apothecaries, Chirurgeons, Wife-Women, ire. in which piece of Folly the Englifh furpafs all the Nations of Chriftendom. And yet by the Law of England, if one who is no Phyfician, or Chirurgeon, or not exprelly allowed to praffife, fhall take upon him a Cure, and his Patient die under his Hand, this is Felony in the Perfon prel'uming fo

Of the College ./HERALDS. NO T far from the College of DoHors Comma,, ftood the College of Heralds, a good part of which is now rebuilt (that is, of fuch as are to be Mefiengers of War and Peace, that are skilful in Defcents, Pedigrees, and Coats of Armories) an ancient Houle, built by The. Stanley, Earl of Derby, who married the Mother of King Hen. VII. and be¬ llowed by Queen Mary on the King’s Heralds and Puifui- yarns at Arms for ever, to the end thatthey and their Sue- ccfibrs might dwell together (if they fo pleafed) and allem- ble, confer, ami agree for the good Government of their Faculty, and chatthsir Records might there he fafely pie- Part III. tf ENGLAND. 397 They were made a College or Corporation by Charter of King Rich. III. and by him had feveral Priviledges granted unto them ; as to be free from Subfidies, Tolls, and all troublefome Offices of the Kingdom. Afterwards, another Charter of Privileges was granted unto the Society by King Edaant’VI. in the third Year of his Reign. Of this Collegiate Society, are firft,

and principal is--,-.- Office is to attend the Knights of the Garter at their So¬ lemnities, and to Marlhal the Solemnities at the Funerals of all the higher Nobility of England, to advertife thofe that are chofen, of their new Eleftion, call on them to be Milled at fflndfir, to caufe their Arms tobe hung up up¬ on the Seats there, to carry the Garter to Kings and Prin¬ ces beyond the Seas; for which purpofe he was wont to he joined in Commillion with fome principal Peer of the Realm, &c. ClarcnciEUj:-] The next is Clarmiatx, fo c- led from the Duke of Clarence, to whom he iirft belon. d; for Uml, third Son to Edvard III. marrying the aughter and Heir of the Earl of Ulfter in Ireland, had with her the Honour of Clare in the County of Tkomnd ; whereupon he "'as afterwards created Duke of Clarence, or the Territory a- bout Clare; which Dukedom efeheating to King Eda. IV. by the Death of his Brother, Gttrge Duke of Clarence, he made this Herald, who properly belong’d to that Bake, a King at Arms, and named him Clarencuux in French, and Claremins in Latin. His Office is to Marlhal and difpofe of the Funerals of all the Lower Nobility ; as Baronets, Knights, Efquires and Gentlemen on the South Side of the Trent, and therefore fomeriincs called Sumy or

The

4oo SCIje^jefcnt&tate partjjj (Creation of fije fieralM.] A Herald at Arms^ created with the like Ceremony, except the Corontt- only his Coat of Arms mud he Sattir and enrich’d with Gold , and mud be b two Heralds, as the Kings of Arms are of Arms. They take a Solemn Oath to be true t be ferviceable to Gentlemen, to keep Secrets of Knights’ H- fquires, Ladies and Gentlewomen, to aflift dilbrelb Gentle- men and Gentlewomen, Widows and Virgins; to avoid' Taverns, Dicing and Whore-Houfes, &c. Purfuh.miit Arms are created alio by Letters-Patents, a Book, a Botvl of Wine, and a Coat of Arms of Damask, and to be brought in as the Heralds, before the Earl Marflial or his Deptm and to fwearin folemn manner to be true to the King, » be ferviceable to all Chriftians, to be fecrct and fober, to be more ready to commend than to blame ; to be humblt, Here it may not be improper to fet down the manner of obtaining of a Coat of Arms. The Perfon who defires Arms, firft applies himfclf tothr Earl Marflial (to whom this Office is fubordinate) byPctiti-

To his Grace, Henry Duke of Norfolk, Earl Marfol of England, drc.

fons of his Pretenlions, ai pear by the annext Certificate Therefore year Petit! humbly prays Tour Grm: , Arms, for the Devlpg mi ■y as Tear Lordjbipjhall think ft 1 And your Petitic

nt JDjefent State Paitin.1

The CHARTER-HOUSE. A Little without the Walls Hands another Coilcdn, Collegiate-Houfe, called anciently the Chartmift, at., corruptly the Cbarter-Honfe, it being heretofore a Convent cf Carthuftan Monks, in French, dcs Cbartrcitx ; this College now called Sutton's. HcJ'pital, conlifts of a, Mailer, or fol vernour, a Chaplain, and l'eraal other Officers, alfo a Mi¬ ller and Ulher, to inftruft 44 Scholars, befides So decayed Gentlemen, Soldiers and Merchants, who have all a plena- lul Maintenance of Diet, Lodging, Cloths, Phyfick, and live all together in Collegiate manner, with much dean- nefs and neatnefs; and the 44 Scholars have not only Nr- cefllaries whilft they ate here taught, but if they become St for the Univerficies, there is alfo unto each one, out of the yearly Revenues of this Colledge, 20 /. yearly, and duly paid for eight years after they come to the Univerlity; and to others fitter for Trades, there is allowed a confidenble Summ of Money to bind them Apprentices; there are moreover all forts of Officers expedient for fuch a Socie¬ ty, as Phylician, Apothecary, Steward, Cooks, Butlers, & who have all competent Sala'ries. This Revenue, and Prince¬ ly Foundation, was the foie Gift of Ihmns Sutton Efq; i Lmttthijbin Gentleman, and a I'rotelhnt; and is liippolel to he fo great, as cannot be parallell’d by tile Charity oft- ny one Subject in Europe, notwirhflanding the great Haiti of the Rom.n CatiieUcks; the Houfe colt him at firft 13003!. and the fitting up for this purpofe, about 7000 t. more, in! all 20000 /. and was endowed by him with 4000 1. p Jhmtm, which is fince improved to near 6000 I. f.r .«• mtm. The Founder died the 12th day of Dccmhr, ifirr. and this his Foundation hath been ever fince kept entire, and maintained by irs own Revenue, without admitting »• ny other Addition of Charity to it, and was of fuch high Account, as it was thought fit, that by the King’s Letters- Patents under rile great Seal, divers Perfons of the hijlitli Dignity and Quality in Church and State, (hould alwaysM the Ovcrfetrs and Regulators of this Society ; their num¬ ber is to be lixteen, and all Vacancies fupplied hythsBf- «ion of the remaining tlovernours. Part III. of ENGLAND.

■faptfiin Govmtom-s of tie Charter-Houfe, TH E King’s Mofl Excellent Majefly. Katharine tho Queen Dowager. Her Royal Higlinefs Princcls Am: of D:n»:,vk. The Archbifliop of Canterbury. Lord Chancellor. Lord Privy-Seal. Duke of Leeds. Duke of Ormond. Duke of Beaufert. Marquefs of HaSijax. Maiquefs of Kmnanhy. Duke of Shrevsbury. Earl of Cl.treu.kx. MoiS.«btfer. Eifl'.op of Lender.. iliiho:'. of lVn:c!.h't!:r. Lord‘Chief Julnce He!:. Lord Chief Juftice Trd-f. Dr. The. Bun;::!, Mafter of the Houfc. tie Vrmipal Officers of the f.iid Houfe, an MR. John AV-.j, Preacher. Dr. Charlie <3*M, Physician. Mr. William Lffifer, Regifter. Rih-t Payne Eft]; Receiver. Mr. Rkb.icdSpr.tre, Auditor. Mr. The. It'.tlker, firfl: Schoolmarter. Mr. Andrew Tt.ahe, Pecond Schoolmafter. Mr. Ralph IVsijlead, Reader. Mr. Thtel.it Lev:, Organift.

CHELSEY-COLLEDGE. HAvingnow giv- ,i a bCef Account of the richeft en¬ dowed Hoipital ri»wL ever was founded by any one fingle Subjeft in Clmftcnuoin, which is lituatcu a Ihde without the Wills of tiiis City, the Reader will eafily pardon me if I Iv.re mike an Dtcurlion but of one Mile farther from Lw~ D d 2 don ffljt pjcfcnt State Paitiu ii him with a fliorc Defcription of the iicu raj that ever was founded by any Kh. tell is the Rov.l-i.olledge, or Hofpita! : many fair Villages about Ltndin, there?; thy to be vilited by foreigners, than fofc. the iormer for the plcafant whoifom Situ" dens, Walks, 6'c. belonging to one of l;, ner-Houfes. The latter for the fake, not c» emens Honfcs, and of the Phylick-Garden. mod rare exotick Plants, but more efpecially oftli • Royal liofpital ; whereof take this following brief chtljg, in the County of Jffli. ir the Second ; carried on by Kin; v perfected by King WiUim and ted upon a piece of Ground, iis- ■ird, for a Collcdge of Divine., i on uic Chureu of £>gW, ? h Ground did efeheat to the Kin;, le Suburbs of Loudon, near the fi- i mod whoifom Air, upon a ri¬ ant: fixteen foot higher than tie ibundantly furniflied with whole- 1 by a mod in- tile labour ofHorl'eor Alan;late-

4c6 sr(jf??jcfn:!&tatc Partin, Secretary, Mr. Jams fraj-r, for himfclf So I. ami a Clerk Deputs'-Treafurcr, Mr Ralph Ccok, So /. Steward, Mr. H.?:ry Pm.-, 50 I. Comptroller, Air. Roie>: hipiis, 40 /. Clerk of the Work*. limit, :o /. Chirutgeon, Mr V;h A'.’.m, -7; Apothecary, Mr. hast Cxmv, 50/. Thefe liive all fair Lrlgings, ami futahle Diet inti: Hall. Moreover, there are ieveui other Officers, or Ser¬ vants, as Cooks, Butlers, Bakers, Sexton, Ufher, Porters, Women, Houfc-keepers, Matrons, 24 : who have all Diet in the Hcfpital. There are alio Barbers, and divers other Servants," bclides Smiths, Carpenters, Joyners, Plummers Stone-cutters, &c. To defray the tad Charges of this Royal liofpital, there is a confiderable Sum paid yearly, out of the Poundage of the Army, halides one days Pay of each Officer, and of each Common Soldier once every Year, which at prelent amounts to above 30C0/. The Over-fight, or Superintendency of this ColkJge Is-- longs to the Right Honourable Richard Itari of Rali’i, Pay-mafter-General of Iris Mijefly’s Forces, Sir S/rybr B.v, one of the Lords Cnmmillioners of the Trealiiry, and Sir Chri/hphir H'rtn, Surveyor-General of his Alajefiy’s Works, to order all things relating to the Maintenance and well-government of this Colledge.

HOSPITALS. IN this City are many richly endowed Hofpitals, Ah- flmfes, Wtr’.-Houjis, and Houle, ot CurriSim. The moll

Cl)^iffr£l)l!rc!l Ijofpifal.] Formerly a Monaftery of Gray-Friars, diflolvcJ by Henry VIII, and converted by his Son Edward VI, into an Holpital for poor Children, called by fomerhe Bhu-ccst Hcfpital; all the Boys and Girls being cloathed in Blue Cor.ts, very warm and decent, and provi¬ ded with all fuitabl; Necelfaries. If hath iincc been en¬ larged Pari III- ENGLAND. 407 lirged by divers conliderable Bencfafbors. A great part of thisFabrick was burnt down in the great Fire; but is a- giin re-built with much Splendor and Convenience, by tile piousCare and Charity of its Governours, Trudees, and religious Benefaftors. Neverthelels all would not do.without contraSing a great Debt, and anticipating the Revenues of tieHofpiral, the Efleft of which itftdl feels, and is like fo to Jo, unlcl's adminiftred to by the bountiful Hands, no: only of willing, but of able Perlons. King Charlesthe Se- ; conJ, cf Peaceful Memory, founded here a Mathematlcal- Schcol, and liberally endowed it with Maintenance for an Bjnifite Teacher, where the more adult Laos, aunur-is m number, are taught all parts of Matliematicks; but elpeci- illy the Art of Navigation ; and afterwards they are every Year, about ten or twelve at a time, put Apprentices to Me¬ lius of Ships, and fo become skilful and brave Comman¬ ds:. Here’s almod a Thouliml poor Children, mod of 'anOrphans, maintain'd in the,Houfe, and out srNuvfe, upon the Charge of this Foundation, and tix or feven tore pat yearly forth to Apprenticefhip; the Maidens to good and honeft Services. Some of the mod pregnant Lads, are fu good Proficients ac the Grammar-School belonging to this Hofpiral, that they are lent to the Uniter fifty,'’and be¬ come escelient Scholars; and fome of thole that have been put to Trades, have arrived to the highefr Digni- City, proud of being filled with one of thefe a date Revenue not being at all anfwcrablc to tl Eipences, many of the mod wealthy C chants are chief Governours, in hopes rl miferate thofc Wants which their own E nerablc Alderman Sir johi Mss,-Knight, G of Munificence to this Uolpital, in build Writing-School, frc. which cod him (as or feven thouiand Pound. St. JSaftljolometo’jS ©capital] adioins to the f.rid CWjf-c/vtrr/j, and formerly belong’d to the fame Gr.sy-iV.- founded by Refer a Mufician, in the time of !!■;:> -j the M, enlarge by Htaryrhe Fourth. At the Diflolurion of.Mo- nallerics, Ihr.ry the Eighth left 500 Marks a year to it, for the relief of poor People, but was more largely endow- °tfoi the ule of lick and lame Perlons only, by hinuri the D d ' Sixth. 4o8 Eiic igjrf'nt &t«tc Part II[. Sixth. This Spin! hath able I’hyftcians and Chirurgeonr, careful Nurlis, and goad Provrlion for wounded and del; Soldiers and Seamen, and other diliafed Perlons, which come from all parts of tire Kingdom hither for Cure; and through God’s Blelling here is lomerimes nec, or icoocu. red in a year, and relieved with Moneys, and other Necef. fines at their departure. This Houfe it felf efcapCd thefu- rv of the great Fire, Lirmoid of the Fftate belonging to i; was confumcd. S3t. tCfjwnss’jS BtTpital] in SAnt is for the fame ufe, and underwent almolt tire lame Fate in its Revenues, net only in 1666. but in the three great Fires of Smtlmni 16-6, i<58 i, >6Sy ; founded by the fame pious Prince, and not infetiour at all to the ether in the number of riiofethr are here yearly cured, and relieved. This they are rebuilding being oid and ill-contrived,) with great Stare and Conveni¬ ence ; A great Contribution being begun by the Right Ho¬ nourable Sir 'johnl-Un Lord Mayor (who laid tile firif Stone) and carried on by rile Gcnernliry of other eminent Perlons, who delis'll to make the Work very great and 1'plendiJ. Krtl)lftll ^CfpifSl] was an ancient mean Houle in tin Suburbs of the City, for the maintaining and curing of la- natick and dildraftcd Perfons , which going to decay, the Lord Mayor, Court of Aldermen, and Common-Coun¬ cil,-granted a Piece of Ground in Moorfdiis, for crethiig 3 larger and more ccnvenientliuilding for tile Reception of thole poor Wretches. The building is very Magnificent, and beautiful, in a good Air, with great Accommodations; It cold rycoo/. by reafon of which this poor llofpiral In; under the diladvanrage of , great Debt, and delerves the ConliJeration of thole that are charitably inclined. Here a commonly cured about, 40,50, or 60 in a year. 5rjiSEtotlll8ofpitat,l or Work-houfe, is a place when indigent, vagrant and idle People are let to work, and maintained with Clothing and Diet; and when it feem; oond to their Governour, they are lent by Paffes into their Native Countries. ■ To this Uofpital, divers hopeful and ingenious Lads are put Apprentices, and prove afterwards honed: and l'nblbn- rJ Citizens— Hither likesvife lawcy and incorrigible Ser-

4io £l)C pjcfent State Part U who arc tried at the Seffions-houfe in the OU-Baily, hardly, and the other for Debtors, who are Free-men of Wn. 'l'lio King’s-Bench Prifon in Southwark is the greitell foi Debtors in England-, not far from it is the Marjhalf,,,, Prifon belonging to the Court of the Knight-Marfhal of England, who is the Right Honourable the Earl of Jo/,j. Thu Flat near Flat-ditch is a great Prifon Iiketvife for Del- tors ■ fo are the t wo Counters belonging more peculiarly to the City. The Om-Frifm at Whitc-Chapfel, the Gtfwto/r* WcjlminjUr, and others would take up too much room to be del'cribed her; ; but each have their diflinfl Priviledges and Conveniencies, according to the Circumftances of the Debtor , which is the Reafon why he fo oft re¬ moves himfelf from one to the other, by Writs of H.rfc.w Corpus. S.0n5an-®jiDgC.] The next thing remarkable in tie City of London, may be the Bridge ; which, for admiraNt | Workmanlbip, for Valtnefs of Foundation, for all Dimen- lions, and for folid Iloufes, and rich Shops built thereon, liirpaireth all other in Europe-, it hath XIX Arches, founded in a deep broad lliver, and fome fay, on a foil Oral- Ground, Soo Foot in Length, 60 Foot high, and ;o broad; bath a Draw-Bridge almoll in the middle, ini ao Foot between each Arch. It was begun by K. ftoj the ad, and fmilhed Anno i aeg, in the Reign of K. 'jofa. The Building of this Bridge of London, was an exceeding difficult and coldly piece of Work; and to thofe that con- iider theconftar.t great Flux and Reflux at that place, it feems almoft impoflibleto be done again ; the Charge of keeping it in Repair is lb great, that it hath been thought fit bylour An- ccftorsto have a large Houfe, a vaft Revenue in Lands and ? loufes, and divers conliderable Officers, & c. to be fet apart for the conlUnt Care and Repair thereof; the princml whereof are the two Bridgc-Maflcrs, chofen out of tin JJodyof the Liveries upon Midpnnmtr-da-f, after the She-

t£i]C EopsI ©jrrljdnSf] Is next to be confldcred as the no- cleft Building of that ule in the World. The former Burib began to be eroded in the Tear itK, tuft ioo Years before it was burnt ; it was built at the for and Charges of a noble Merchant, Sir Tfa.Gnjkmr, and a

412 JWe JDjefent State Carolo II. Cefari Byit.vmial Pntrie Patri, Re£,:,n Optimo, Chmtntiffmo, Auguflifflmo, Generit Human! Dtliciis, UtriuJijut fortune ViBori, Pads Europe Arbitro, Murium Domino at Vindici, Societal Mercatonm Ad-oentur. Angle, tine pir CCCC jam prope Amos Regia kuignitate floret, Bid IntamraU & Gratituiinis elerne Hu Teflimmimn P’entrabunda pofuit Anno SahUis Humane M DC LXXXIV.

The whole is made of White Marble, fomewhar biggo than the Life, and is the Workmanfhip of the Fanrni! Carver and Statuary , Mr. Grudin Gibbons, that Glory of our Nation, not only for his carving in Wood, for which he is admired all over Europe, and, to which, nothing of An- tiquity, in that kind, now to be feen, is comparable, ashis Worksat IVmdfor, and elfewhere teftific ; but likervife for his rare Performances in Brafs, and Marble ; for which, mongfl: all Men of Skill and Judgment in thofe ingenious Arcs, he has acquired the Reputation of equalling, if not furpafling the molt fam’d Italian Maflers. Statue Of Sing €l)arlc« the jfirlf.] Another Statu; is fet up in one of the Niches of the fame Exchange, of the late King Chari's the Firft; there, as may be fuppofeJ, whence the Rebels had iinpiouily pulled down his Statue i.i the former Exchange which was burnt : The Infcription under this, is, ElKilN B A 2 I A IK H Scrcnipni at Rdigioflfflmi Principit CAROLI PR I MI Andie, Scotie, Francie, & Hikrnie, Regis Fidei Defenforil, Bis Martyrit (inCorpm & Ejfigie) imptis Rckllhmsnmk ex hoc loco deturbata & cmfraSa, Anno Dom. 1647. Rrfituta, & hie demum coUocata, Anno Dm. 1683. Gloria, hlartyrii qm tc frsgcre Rebel!'! iVjy fotwrc ipfmn quern where Dsum, Aai partIII. Of ENGLAND. 4U And as before the dreadful Fire there were all round the Quadrangle of this Royal Exchange, the Statues of all the Sovereign Princes of this Kingdom, lince the Norman Conquel!; fo now by the Care and Coft of the City Com¬ plies, moft of thofe Niches are again filled with the like furious Statues in Marble or Alabafter, and the reft are daily liiigiid. Statue at £l)atingv£rofS.] There are other Statues, sorrhy to be taken notice of, particularly that at Cbaring- C.ij;, of King Charles the fir it, on Horfe-back, bigger than the Life, done in Brafs, Handing on a high Pedeltal of White Marble, curioufly adorned with Trophies of War, and all compelled about with Iron Rails; this excellent Piece of Work had alfo fuffered the Defpite of the Re- Ms, having been pulled down, and fold by them to a Boiler in Holborn, for the Rate of old Brafs, by the Pound weight; who preferved it entire til! his late Majefty’s hap¬ py Reftauration. It was done by an admirable Artift ha¬ irs, who made that magnificent Brazen MonumentinKing far; the Seventh’s Chappel, for the D. of Buckingham, who nsmurthcred by Felton. In the midfl of the Great Court at Whitehall, is a noble Satie in llrafs, of King 'jama the Second, upon a Pedeftal of Marble, with this Infcription,

JACOBUS SECUNDUS D E I GRATIA, ANGLI/E, SCOTI/E, FRANCIS ET HIBERNLE REX, FIDEI DEFENSOR. 1686.

SLt)i 414 ' Kl>e &tat8 PartlH, gnjZ ^?omim£llf.] Not Far from tile Bridge, is the fatal Place where the dreadfulvire afore-mentioned fort begin; near which, is now ere&ed (as was ordered by an Aft of Parliament, immediately after the Fire) a Pillar in perpetual Memory thereof; It is of the Do.-ick Order, area Foot high from the Superficies of the Ground, and r;Foot Diameter, all of folid /VrWStone, with a fair Stair-cafe in the mil- d!e, of Black Marble, and an Iron-Balcony on the Ton (nor unlike thofe two Ancient White Marble Pillars £ Rime, erefted in Honour of the Emperours, Trajjaiul Minima, thofe two excellent Princes, which were there built above rsoo Years ago, and are dill Handing entire) the Pedeftalof this our Pillar is alfo all of Pont,mi Stone, and is ;r Foot fquare, and+o Foot high ; theFront whereof is curioully adorned with ingenious Emblems in 8jJ Rj’Jcm, the Work of that admirable Sculptor and Oli¬ ver in Stone, Mr. Cabrid Cibb,r, another 1’rauulii ; and tin the Sides thereof are tliefe following large Infer- ptions :

77- InrniKhn of tk M ONUMENT.

Sdje p?efent &iatC PartHk

IN the Year of Chrift 1666, the fecond Diy of timber Calf ward from hence, at the diftance of Mi Foot (the Height of this Column) about Midnight, a tari! ble Fire broke our, which, driven on by a high Wind/noi only wafted the adjacent Parts, but likewife Places vetf remote with irvredible Noifc and Fury, it confumwBo Churches, the City Gates, Guild-Hall, many pnblick M- flutes, Holpitals, Schools, Libraries, a vaft Number# finely Edifices, i3a=° Dwelling Houles, 400 Streetsof 26 Wards, it utterly deftroyed 15, and left 8 odierste tcr’d and half burnt; the Ruines of the City were 43d A- cres, from the Tower by the Tbvnes Side, to the Ten*; Church, and from the North-Eaft Gate along the ffl \V-'l to Ho/.-or.v-Bridge. To the Eftates and Fortunes if the Citizens it was mercileft, but to their Lives very fi! vourable.that it might in all things refemble the lad Coa- ilagrarion of the World. The Dellruttion was fudden ; for in a finall fpace of

QUARLES th ■ II. Son of CHARLES &; Vo AI A RTYR, King of Gu.it Britain and JreW/Ds inoft gracious Prince, commifeniilij of things, whilft the Ruines were K for the Comfort of his Citizens, anl y, remitted their Taxes, and refold Magiftrates and Inhabitants to'm nediately palEed an AS, that pnbW llored ro greater Beauty with pnW

4t8 fflje patent &tate PattUl. Companies efpecially ; and in fome one of thefe Halls, jd tint of Ma-cb.tnt-T.nhrs, the Annual Feftivals of the molf fplendid Societies are celebrated, as of the Artitkry Cmfa,, i the moil glorious; and the Sons ofthe Clergy, the ntol) Bene¬ ficent that this City can boaftof: One of thefe twelve h- laces (as I may call’em) the Lord Mayor for the time be. g, ufualiy makes the place of his Relidence, with all h ily and his Officers; there he ufualiy entertains all Fo •inces and Embaffitdors. The Company of Mirim, bi eir Hall, have a fumptuous and fpacious Chappel fo ne Service, which every Lord’s Day is fupplied by ■eachers. To the Drafts-s H.tU belongs a large and :pt Garden, with Bowers for Retirement to ftudy, r all People of ingenious Appearance : And indeed all hath lome or other particular Excellency. I am lc y any of the lelfer Companies are poor and in debt, ign any reafon why fome few of them do let out alls, which were built for better ufes, to be Convent d Dancing-Schools ; and I am alhamed to fay, that id the fame Hall many times ferves for both thefe oyments : Sure I am, that mold of the Companies fcot ercenary way. Jfountdiuff.] T come now to conftder the publick ius and JfuJ-jUs, which are many and fumptuou rding mold excellent and wholfom Water, to omit ' Crmr.Ic.-'sTV.H, in jetvinn-jlrcct, that of Tow-Hill, ai ars of pecubar Veitues, as well as general ule, lome c oil eminent arc thefe. Srtatiif of tljp Ring in ^tocfee-fSParbEt.] The ought Conduit in the Market-place, at the Weft-t niani-fmet, whereupon is placed a very magnificen f of Kbng Cb.zrh-s the Second on Horfe-back, tramplin an Iinemy, all in excellent White Marble, at the fo] i Charges of that worthy Citizen and Alderman ol i, Sir Hour: Vimr Knight and Uaronet. SDic ©biliskinClitapfiBr.] A Piece of Wor

42Z £l;p pjrfcnt State Pan Hi. The number of infiircd Houfes in the firft Office fm;* the year 1681, is iccoo ; and in the Friendly Society fince the year j6S^, is 12500.

Siifje 3nrs of tlje C itp of loncon.] The Arm if ,i,i Ci', »/ Lor/.iW, are Argon a Ci o/r Gala, with the Smrd if Si. Paul, not the Dagper of William Walmrth, as fome hive conceited ; for this Coat did belong to the City before! H'aimrth flew Wat Tylir the Rebel, as learned Antiquaries'

Of the Kings Gnat War thebe.

it tr.thin the City neat PA- oufe built by Sir 7Am Sm- r >, Karl of Warm'd, and if- lic Third. Great Wardrobe, is an OS- ligii lhi'/iledges an-! Ini.miniti.-s were conferred on him Wary the Shell, and conlirmed by his Succdlbrs: King \:s the Firfb enlarged the fame, and ordained, that this at Office Ihould be an Incorporation, or Cody Politick

liberal tilings fuvniffirD from tfjfiirc 1 Tim is to make 1’rovinons for Coronations, Marriages and rals of the Royal Family; to f.-rnilh the Cou'rt with

the Lonf Partlll. of ENGLAND. *'42; fori of his Majefty’s Robes, and divers other his Majetty’s Servants; Rich Liveries for the two Lords Chief-Juftices; all the Barons of the Exchequer; divers Officers in thofe Courts; alt Liveries for his Majefty’s Servants, as Veoman of the Guard, and Warders of the Tower, Trumpeters, Kettle-Drummers, Drummers and Fifes; the MeHengcrs, and all belonging to the Stables, as Coachmen, Footmen, Liltermen, Poftiilions and Grooms, &e, All Coaches, Cha¬ riots, HarnelTes, Saddles, Bits, Bridles, &c. The King’s Watermen, Game-keepers, ire. All Linnen and Laces for his Majefty’s Perfon, ire. To defray all the forementioned Charges, ordinarily there was expended formerly above qoooo l. but now much lefs, heftdeai) Extraordinaries, as Coronations, Funerals, 6vc- This Office is at prefent enjoyed by Patent for life, by the Right Honourable Ralph Earl of Mountngue, one of his Majt- fty’s moft Honourable Privy-Council. The prefent Salary to him, in compenfation of feveral an¬ cient Fees and Allowances, is yearly aooo J. The faid Houfe near PtMk-wharfc, was long ago an¬ nexed for ever to the Mailer of this Offic ; bur u.tye the great Fire of London, this Office is kept in Yttk-Hmfe lluil- The chief Officers under the Mallet are, a Deputy, and a Clerk of the faid Warders, by Patent likewitl- for Life, whofe Salary, in compenfation of feveral ancient Fees and Allowances, is at prefent 300 l. per Annum. Both thofe Officers had fair Dtvelling-Houfes, which were ilfoconfumed by the Fire. Belonging to this Office are divers Ttadefmen, Artificers ’“lothm, to the number of at lead 6a, all feorn Servants There are two principal Clerks afling in the Office above.

Ee4 of 4*4 SC|j£ gjelCBt State Pan®,

Of the EXCISE-OFFICE. THE Office for Receipt of the next confiderable Branch of the King’s Revenue, is the Excifc-Qffcc, which is at prefent under an abfolute Management fot his Majc fty by Commiffioners; who, purfuant to an Aft of Parlia¬ ment, do receiv e the whole Produft of the Excife of Beer and Ale collefted all over Evzfimi, and pay it into tile £i- ch.ijucr : They have Soo l. Salary each per Annum, ami ire obliged by Oath to take no Pee nor Reward, but from the King only. The Excift-OJfice is kept in Unad-Hreit. Front the afore-named Commiffioners, there lies an Ap¬ peal ro others, called the Commiffioners of Appeal, who are live; and by his Majefly are allowed 200 /. Salary each

Of the Office of ToFf-Mffier-General. THE Profits of the Paid Office were fettled by Aft of Parliament on his Royal Highnefs the Duke of Titi, but his Majeliy doth conftitute his Poft-Mafiet-Gene- ral, by Letters Patents under the Great Seal of E>$lutd. This Office is now in the Hands pf the King, and is executed by Two Pplhmfters-General.

In the Foreign Office,

Comptroller, Salary 15c /. per Annum. Alphabet-Keeper, Sal. 100/. per Annum. Befides eight Clerks, jo l. per Annum each. His Majeliy keepeth one Grand or General Office in City of LirJm, from whence Letters and Parquets are The faid Office is managed by a Deputy, and other ;trs, to the Number of 77 Perrons, who give their a (tendance rel'peftivelyinthe Difpatch of the Bulincfs. Upon this grand Office depends 181 Deputy Poft-rn; J.rghr.d and Scotland, moft of which keep regular O .their Stages, and Sub-Poft-mafters in their Crane nd alfo in Inlaid another general Office for that King, bich is kept in Dublin, contifring of a 8 like Officers, ; Dipury-l’oft-mafters. His Majefty keeps conftantly for the Tranfport -of d Letters and Pacquets, (Frame, 3 Pacquet-Boats, \spa:n, 2 Pacquet-Boars, one in aFortni tweenEv^-rFlandcn, 2Pacquet-Boats. dand J Holland, 3 Pacquet-Boats. (Inland, 3 Pacquet-Boats. And at Deal, 2 Pacquet-Boats for the Downs. All which Officers, Poll-Matters and Pacquet-Boats, lintained af his Majefty’s own Charge. 426 %\)t IBjfftllt Staff Part m. And as the Mader-piece of all thofe good Regulations eftablifiied by the Poft-Wader-General, for the better vernment, of the faid Office, he hath annex’d and appro- pnated the Market-Towns of England, fo well to the te- fpe&ive Podages, that there is no conftderable Afarket- Town, but hath an eafie and certain Conveyance for the Letters thereof, to and from the faid grand Office, in the due Courfe of the Mails every Port. Though tire Number of Letters milEve in England vett not at all confiderable in our .Anceltors Days, yet it is now fo prodigioufly great (lince the meaneft people have generally learnt to write.) that this Office was Farmed before the Addition of the Penny-foil, at 40 or 50C00 /. a Year. Note alfo, That Letters are conveyed with mote Expedition, and lefs Charges, than in any Foreign Country. Cijarjje.] A Letter containing a whole Sheet of Paper is conveyed 80 Mile? for id. and 1 Sheets 4 d. and an Ounce of Letters but 8 d. and above 80 Miles a Tingle Letter is 3 t. a double Letter 6 d. and an Ounce 11. and that in fo fhort a 'time, by Night as well as by Day, that every 54 Hours the Pofl goes r 20 Miles; and in live Days an Anfwer of a Letter may be had from a Place 300 Miles diflant from the Writers. Moreover, if any Gentleman defire to ride Pod to any principal Town in England, Pod-Horfes are always in tea- dinefs (taking no Horfe without the Confent of his Own¬ er} which, in other Kings Reigns, was not duly obfeived, and only 3 d. is demanded for every Englijh Mile, and for every Stage ; to the Poll-Boy 4 d. for conducting Btlidcs this excellent Convenience of conveying Letters and Men on Horfc-back, there is of late fuch an admirable Commodioufnefs, both for Men and Women of better Quality, to travel from London to almoft any Town of England, and to almoft all the Villages near this great City, that the like hath not been known in the World, and that is by Stage-Coaches, wherein one may be rranfported to air.- Place, fheiteted from foul Weather and foul Ways, free from e:idam»ging ones Health, or Body, by hard jogging,or C’ver.-vio’ent .Morion ; and this is not only at a low Price, as abour a Shilling for every Five Miles, but with fuch Speed, a; that the Polls in fome Foreign Countries mike partUI. of ENGLAND. 4*7 mlVt not more Miles in a Day ; for the Stage-Coaches, nlkd Flying-Coaches, make 40 or 50 Miles in a Day, as Lmim to On/ord, or Cuming, and that m the lpace of, 1 Hours, not counting the time of Dining, fitting fctfFoToffice »d is m^ged there by Sir R>hr, Co.-ron Knight, and Sir lb,.

Of the PENNY-70 ST.

A ifOreover, to the great Benefit of this City, and Places M adjacent, there is eftablifh’d another 'Polf, called the tmt-pj. whereby for one Penny any Letter or 1 arcel not exceeding one pound weight, or ten pounds va me, is mod fueedily and fafely conveyed to, ana from all parts within the Bills of Mortality, and to modTowns wnhin ten Miles round Won, not convemently ierved oy the G ti" p!nfirs nf this as well as of all other lawful Carri¬ age of Letters, belong to his Majefty^ being fettl’d on him bv Aa of Parliament,and it is mauag d for him by a Comp- tto'ler - And for the better carrying on tills ufefu! Dehgi., tgiamsssaagsa

Houfes in London, and the other 1 owns, a Lilt of t. Inch Towns will be deliver’d to any Pcriongrn.-ir, at uie gene- nl Offices, which are kept as followeth, ene nc (m-,u Office in Crorty-H.il fc m B,Jhplgf‘-^c ; ,rllt,9^ Sr. M's Precinft m All> m Pj-> h » that for the Temple in Chicbeft^r in -'••4 v * ' * hiW.Jhtiitilhn in St. M'artws-Lvu, ihj LnU ii^ Crsfi-, for Swtbvark, in Urcni-Dra^u-Cour,, nu ° ^ «ar’i Church ; for iWtf, and tlw Hcrvn:r^ uyon l - ■ Tivcr-Hili. _ . 1 n'hifhv'. A further Convenience of this Office, - vet Letters come from all parts ot the Wot.u, t.y 4*8 SClje gjefent &rate Part I[[. —...ncral-Poft, »«/«, directed »„.w.iy of thofc Country. Towns to:o which thithe Penny-poft does go ; they aig deliveredtea byoy theme Meffengersmeuengers thereoftnercot tnethe tamefame DayUay they come to Union :; and the Anfwets beinvbeing left nrat their ving-Houfcs, are by them fafely carried every Night ,e Office in Lmiard-Jlnit. The Comptroller of ...... very commodious Penny-poft-Office is ththmiil Caftletm, Gent, he relides at the General Penny-poft-Of. fice The Accomptant, Thomas Lan, the Receit Cdkng. Conbmiencieft ] The C«im/nrn'e of this nfeful Un¬ dertaking of the Pmnj-Ptj}, are as follow ; All Gentlemen, Country-Chapmen, and others, may hcrebv fneedilv ml cheaply give notice of their Arrival at Lmdm ; Shop-keep¬ ers and Tradefinen may land to their Workmen for trim they want; Hills may be difpcrled. or Publication ot tut Concern ; Summons or Tickets convey’d to all Parts, Eretvers Entries fafely fent to the Excife-OJJjc: ; Appoint- incuts of Meetings among Men of Bufincfs; much time fav’d in Solicitation for Money j Lawyers and Clients mu¬ tually correfpond ; Patients may fend to Doftois, Apothe¬ caries, and Chirurgeons for what they lhall want, bellies many other Advantages.

Of Coachmen, Carmen, and Watermens Ram. TH E Conveniency of Hackney-Coaches, Carts and Boats, in and about Union, is very great : But Coachmen, Carmen, and Watermen, being for rhe molt part Hide, exafting and quarrellome, I hope it will not be bethought amifs, to put down herethofe Rates which they may demand, and beyond which no body is obliged to pay them..

Rates of Coachmen, near,-din% to an AS of Parliament, 14 Car. 2.

For a whole Day in and about Union and l tjjrfminfnr, reckoning 1 a Hours to the Day-j 1 ^ ppartartH in-I, #f” ENGLAND.- 425 Hv the Hour, for the firft Hour - Fv»rv Hour after the tirft ' “ Prom any of the bm of C®tr or thereabouts, 1 t0 any part of St. Jamas, or _(except ( gJ Lond Tunk-Smet) or from any of thofe Plata, f „ anv of the/»>» of C«B!-r, or thereabouts, > From any of the hn„ of Cert, to the Ry-nj, OJ E From any few of Court, to the Ttxir, Bijhpjgarr-l far, /Mjn.V, or Flaces thereaboutr-— “J ,\nd the iike Rates from, and to any places of th- ^AnTrhoughtheaforefaid Aft be expired, yet the f Rites continue by Cuftom.

of Carmen, as fettled at a Giver d Quarur- Seffims.

From any Wharf between the lewir and /....A,:- ■, Itifa to Temr-p-tit, Gk.-CW^m- , C5wW«fc, B##***^^ within CoraiiA, and^> es o'. Pieces of nice diliance up the Hill, with 18 Inin-. ,ir.,i v ML'hti not exceeding 20 hundred weight-*1- ) cry hundredweight above 20 him-OQ c; died — c a Load, f. half a Chaldron, or and aJ 0. icrfcrefaid Wharfs, to Bnsdfr^f

‘s!«-: ~ ° ol ;he raid Wharfs, toSiuthf-dd-Barl 0 't-B.u-, or like diltance.like weight, j : weight from 18 n as hundred pays 11. i 18° hundred pays but u 10 r.. and 520 hundred pays a r- ad- H 10 ” om 18 to 20 pays a a -A from 8 to but 1 1. 6 d. and where from 18 to so to 8 to 14 hundred pays but I s. 8 d. particulars Rated, but according to theft 4?o JSCfjc PjeCfnt State Partin, Note, That for the foregoing Rates the Carmen are to help as much as they can, to load and unload their Carts. All Merchants, or others, may chufe what Car they pleale, except fuch as Hand for Wharf-Work, Tackle-Work, Crane-Work, Shop, and Merchants Houles, which are to be Every Licenfed Carman is to have a piece of Brafs fixed upon his Cart, with a certain Number, which is regiftred in drift's Hofpital. So that if any Carman offend, the Perfon grieved may repair every Tuefday at 2 a Clock in the Afternoon m drifts Hofpital, the Court then fitting, and telling the Number, the Carman’s Name will be found out and he punifhed. ’

7be Rates or Fares of WATERMEN as they were fet forth by the Lord Mayor and Com if

r-illa| S. dj From London to Lmc-Imfe, tfcw-Crme, Sbad-'r mil Dock, Bid-Wharf RaulifCrofs, - To Wapphtg Dock, Mapping new, a nd Wapping old Stairs, the Hermitage, Rotherith-Church Stairs, and Rotherith Stairs,——-•' . From St- Olavcs to Rothrith Church-Staiis, and Rotlurith Stairs,---- ^toni^Billingfgate and St. Olaves, to St. S.1- A!I the Stairs between London-bridge and Weftwhiftr,— ---'-; From either Side above London-bridge, to 1 Lambeth and Fox-hall,-- From Whitehall, to L mbeth and Fox-hall, From Temple, Dorfct, Black-friers Stairs, and Pud's Wharf to Lambeth --—. , O/iT the Water direftly in tile r.ext Skullerj between Lmdon-l>riti*rma Lim-limfe, or London-, hriJgt and Fix-hall,---I

Oars. Rates for carrying of Goods in the Tilt-Boat between Gravefmd and Londm. J. d. s.

WhatWaterman takes anil demands more than rhefe Rates, lies liable to pay forty Shillings, and fuffer half a years Impri- And if he refufe to carry any FalTengcr or Goods at tliel'e Rates,upon Complaint made to the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen, he lliall befufpcnded from his L'mploy for twelve Months. 4? 2 £!jc pjefcnt ffctitte Part III.!

Of the two UNIVERSITIES. T "TiRitarfitp of ®yfo;0.] Orfi.-d, qaafi outf«r.i i-t.-, Padam, the Name of the chief River whereon i: ii feated ; or perhaps from Bsvis V.d-.tm, a Ford for Oxen to pafs through, before the Ufc of bridges, as Thracisi B:j- phsrtts, iignifying the like, is by the Germans called 0. It is feated at the meeting of two dear fdhy Rivers, in fiic!i a healthy Air, and pleafant rich Soil, that it hath anti ently been called Be’Jiftlvan, Bdlap, or B:a:dUn. It lies in 51 Degrees 4a Minutes Latitude, and about:: Degrees Longitude, above 13 Degrees more Northward, than that mod ancient famous City and Univerlity of A- tXus, that once fruitful Mother and careful Nurfe of many Arts. Sciences, and beneficial Inventions. But Oxf.-l being feated in an Ifland, the Air is not much colder in the Winter, nor near fo troublelbmc or hot in the Summer 0-:f;rd was a place of publick'Studics above nine hun¬ dred Years ago , and much augmented, not founded by the Learned ibrari King Alfred, and hath been very anci¬ ently reckoned the fecoriu Univerlity among the four prin- ilKiuix now called Bihps in Italy, and Salim tea in

Their Office is always to wait on the Vice-Chancellor 11 blick, doin" what belongs to his Place, and at his Com none! to l'eize any Delinquent, and carry him to Prifon fiimmon any one ; to publilh the calling of Courts, o invocations ; to conduct Preachers to Church, or Leftn-

blick Servants of lefs note Ihall be paffed by. IJCJ!.] Many Kings of figW have been gtal if Learning, and efteemed it their Honour l( irge tire Priviledges of the Univerfity.

40 SHic Pjcfcnt State Part m, In thefe three Profeffions, and in the Arts, there ptocaj Matters or Doftors yearly, about 150 : and every Lnt atom too Batchellors of Arts. The time required by Stature for Studying in the Univer- fity, before tile taking of the foremcntionei! Degrees, be. r.uile it is nuic.'i longer than what is required in any foreinq Univerfity, Hull be here let down more particularly, ° SaWiftlorjH of arts’, anh (faffers of 51rtg.] Totals the Degree of liatchelloi^in^ Arts, is required four years,am!

ETIjr four Srrir.tr] Now the year is divided into foci Icons ; tile (hit begins the jerh of Othlser, and ends the 17th of Dorn,'.'/if, and is called Mrbaehmu-Ttrm : The iecond called V.llny, or Urt-Trns, begins the 14th of ",m17, and ends tne S,Uunuy belore Palm-Smmay: The third called Z,ijhr-Tr:m. begins the icrh day after Evfur, and ends the ! before K’/.'.rlrtnhy : The fourth is called TrhiityTim, beginning the ft u/i.vM.'ty after Trinity-S;!;,::.!)1, and ends after as the Vice-Chancellor and Convo- tion tl-.in IDotto? of Tciteni'.)’.] To t

ranee of all Exercifeste- ig the Degree of B.mil- years more of Dofto in ■s after, taking the Degree of lie Degree of Batclxllor in Dir, L i. according to rlie Method u Degrees of Baicbdtor and />.'* rcouired for taking thefe enough ; yet nor fuch, but n left time b} any Men of

442 SCIje pjcfcnt State Part ml The Paid part of the Library bulk by Sir Tim. BoMij, v.J finiflied, and the whole fuiniflied, about the year i&o.J which time it began to be fet open for the 'Jfe ofJ Students j and about 1616 were finilhed the pubiick Schools] ter Difputarions and Leftaires, in rhe feveral Ans uj Sciences, at the Charges of the Univerlity, and of diverj other Benciaftors, who contributed largely to that Buill-j ing. And in 1(136 (by the Advice and Encouragement of! Archbilhop Lard, iie being then Chancellor of the Univeh fity) was built die Weft-lide of tile Library, at the Is-' pence of the Univerlity chiefly, and partly of other Buie factors, to which the laid Archbifhop contributed large') in Money, belides a vaft number of Manufcript Booh in divers Language' Ito rhe value of many Thoufands of Pounds, if to have been bought) which do now Hand inti: fame Wcb-lide, with a large and vilible Inscription, er- prelling the Donor of rhem. The Gifts of him, and other generous and noble Bent- fa&ors to rhe fUiti Library, are regiftred in a large Ecok, which remaineth in pr.'olich and open View of all Coalers, upon a Desk for that purpole, not far frohi the Entrance 0: the Library, wirh intention of preferving the Memory c: the rclpeflive Gifts, and of a grateful Remembrance of tie Given and Eenefaftors, whofe Names and Titles do there remain recorded to Pofterity. Belides this, there are many other excellent Libraries br longing to the leveral Colledges. ffllfatrr.l To fpeak of the curious Arch hectare, and vaft Charge of the new Theatre, Fabricated by the mod in¬ genious Sir Chriftopiiu- {'Fra), at the foie Cold and Charges of rhe moft Reverend Father in God Gilbert, the late Archil- limp of Gaatrrbary, for rise uls of ScholafHck Exercifo. To fpeak of the beautiful lolid Stone Buildings, Chappels, Halls, large Revenues, admirable Diicipline of leveral Colledges, excellent Accommodation for young Noblemen and Gentle¬ men, Helps aim Allowance', lor poor ocnoiars, &t- woo'd require another Volume ; only of the Phylick-Garden tike this flrort Account. Among the leveral Noble Srvuftures and great Convert- cnciesof Learning, wherewith this famous Univerlity » adorned, this of the Phylick-Garden, ccmmodioully pkc“ 1)V the River C'vuw//,claims not the leaft Place; Founded,

444 MjePfereut&tfite Part®,] It borders upon the Weft End of the Theatre, having il very magnificent Portal on that Side, fuftained by Pillars of i the Corinthian Order, with feveral Curious Frizes and other Artificial Embellilhments ; the Front about 60 Foot, is to the Street, Northward, where is rhis Infcription over tie Entrance in Gilt Characters, Mnfatttm Ajhmieaum, Schk th. turalis Hiftori*, Ofjicin.i Chpnica ; The iirft Foundation was laid on the 14th of April, i6~% and it was happily finilhed on the loth of March, 1683. at which time a rich and noth Colleftion of Curiolities was prefenced to the Univerlity by that excellent and publick-fpirited Gentleman , Elias Ajbmlt, Eli]; a Perl'on fo well known in the World, that he needsno farther Elogium in this jhorc Narrative; and the fame Day there depoliced, and afterwards digefted, and put into a juft Series ar.d Order, by the great Care and Diligence of the Learn'd Rokrt Plot:, Doftorof Laws, who, at the worthy Donor's Recjueft, was entrufted with tile Cuftody of tit Mufattm. Accelfions are continually made to the Maintain, by feve¬ ral worthy Perfons, as Dr. Robert Huntington, who hath given Hieroglyphicb, and other Egyptian Antiquities. Mr. Am Goodyear, to whole generous Favour they owe there an in¬ tire Mummy ; and the eminently Learned Martin Lijla, Dr. of Phyjicb9 who has prefented the Univerficy svithi large Cabinet of Natural Rarities of liis own Colleftion, and of feveral Roman Antiquities, as Altars, Medals, Law;;, See. found herein England; fo that it is juftly believ’d, that in a few Years it will beone of the moft Famous Repofuo-

Of the Thihfopblcal Society of Oxford. Tllere is alfo in this Famous Univerlity lately Efta- blilhed a Society, by the Name of the Phihfapliiul Society, for the Iinnrovement of Real and Experimental Philofophy. In order to the better earning on this generous andufeM Del;:,! , tb.’.y have fettl'd a 'Ccrrcfpondehce with the Royd Itely eftablith'd there ,artni. ' of ENGLAND. 44j Jhey meet every Tuefday in the Afternoon b 'tnniflion and Favour of the Government in the Nt a,n School. No one of the Univerlity is adin rto is under the Degree of Matter of Arts, orBatchel jivs: The way of Admiffion, and the manner of 1 are as to their Debates and Experiments, are it moll part, the lame with what is praftil'ed ii

0 F CAMBRIDGE

X7Hat hath been faid of Oxford, the like may bt V V of her Sifter, Cambridge; which, for Antiqi acious Pri'vilcdges, beautiful Colleges, large Reve lod Difcipline, Number of Students, plentiful Revt d of all other things necelTary for Advancemei anung, mav challenge Equality with any other Univ the Chriftian World. The Univerlity of Cambridge, in fome few Partic Ters from that of 0xjord. MuCljanCClIO^J The Chancellor of CambrUg ifem Hwry Duke of Somcrjel) is not fo durante vit* iy be Elefted every Three Years, nut vianere in coden. durante tacito Conjaftt Smatus Cantabr. He hath 1 n a Commilfary, who holds a Court of Record of ufes, for all privilsdg’d Perfons and Scholars, tmih gree of Alafter of Arts, where all Caulfts are tried eriuin’d by rhe Civil and Statute Laws, and by th« ms of the Umvcrfity. They have alfo a High Steward, chofcu by the Senatt ilsby Patent from the Univerlity. aicchlljanccllo;.] This high Officer ischofen ir, on the 3d of November, by the Senate, out ol fons nominated by the Heads of the fevwl Colkg<

448 £lje JDjcfnU &tatc Partin' But thofe who are not Grmials, are difpenled with by theUnimlity, from taking the Degree of Batchdhr of ffi. aiimsy, and. allow’d to commence Doftor per f,ism (it they call it) performing the above-mentioil’d EKt, Anyone who makes the Civil Lure his Chief Study, from the time of his firlt Admillion inco the Ujjivedity, nuy be admitted to the Degree of Ba'.ikiltr of Lain at the Hal of fix Years, provided he keep one Law-Aft in the public! Schools, where he is to aniwer l’uch Objections as the Pro. feflor/hall urge againft his Quefticns. A Batchellor of Arts may he admitted to the faid Degree in four Years after the taking of Iris Degree of Batchellor of Arts, if he perform the like Exercile. After a Man ilas been five Years Batchellor of Law oi feven Years Mailer of Arts, he may be Doftor of Law, pro¬ vided he keep two Law-Afts, and oppofe once. No one can be admitted Batchellor in Phyfick, till tbs 6th Year after his Admillion, and has kept one Pliyfick-AS, refpondingtti the Profelforor lome other Doftor, and op¬ posed once: After which, if ire keep two Fhyfick-Acb, and oppofe once, he may commence Doftor at the End of fire Years. A Mailer of Arts mud flay feven Years, and per¬ form the like Exercife, before he can be admitted to the faid Degree. The Reafon of which, (though not exprell indie Statutes) leems to be this, ■we.Tliat they who take the Degree of Metjlsr of Arts, are not fuppos’d to have apply’J them- feives much to the Study of Phyfuk, before the taking their faid Degree ; and therefore ’tis reafonable they flay longer .before the higliefi: Degree in that Faculty, than they who ‘have taken a Degree in it before. * The Exercifes perform'd every Term, are, Every Monday, Tiufiay, WJvcfday, Thmfday and Tridty, in Term-time, or at leaft, within a little after the beginning of tiieTerm, there arc Piiilofophic.il Deputations ’n. the Sophiflers Schools, from one to three in the Afternoon. Every Widncjday and Friday there are pub'ick Deputations in the Batcbelhrs of Aits Schools, upon ionic Philofophicil or Political Queltions; am! Declamations in the fame place upon Saturdays ; all perform’d by Senior Batcheliors (i. e.) thole of the third Year. Ltlll. of ENGLAND. 449 Every Monday, Tuifday, Wednesday, and Thursday, between | the hours of 9 and ij in the Morning are held Philojophica nr, between a Mapormi Bau'ielhrof Arts. econd Tharfday in Term is held a publick Theolo' motion, in the Divinity-Schools, from 1 to 4 ir noon, between a Majhr of Arts of fome conftderabb who is refpondent, and three others who oppoli ith Thursday in every Term a Batcbelhr of Law, qr Am, profefling the Civil-Law, is obliged to keep , tefponding to two Opponents. Deputations in Phylick are performed in like man- rrth Tharfday in every Term, hat befides thefe Excrcifes required by Statutes, 'everal others performed after the fame manner, by take degrees in the feveral Faculties, all this, there is Exercife performed every day in either by the Fellows, or the Scholars 0 fev ery Colledge in their rcfpe&ive Colledgcs. ■rcift performed at a puilick Commencement. I day (which is always the Monday before the firft Jo!)) is kept a Dhimty-AS, by a Dad or in that I10 is oppoled by feveral Heads of Colledges and

4ft SC^e Relent frtate PartB Here are three Companies of Foot, the fird is the Gort "ours own, the other two are commanded by Major ff| Side, the Deputy Governour, and Captain Cbirhli ftrmg. ] Cibil ©obemment.] For the Civil Government of j Idand, the principal Officer next to the Governour, isj Bailiff,Sir E4mird Carteret;md under himare twelve JuM or Jurats, who, with the Bailiff, adminifter Juftice, and 1 termine all Caufes, and Controverfies, of above the vJ of I oo Crowns; other Petty Matters are decided by one] thofe Juftices; they can appeal to England to the King] Council: The bell Seat ill tile Ifland is St. Antrni, belo]

©uemfep.] The Idand of Citemfey, lying about ao Ml didant from the former, is well .defended with Rocks, that alfo is, and is not much lefs in fpace, but is foiJ inferiour in the richnels of the Soil, which hath this] Quality, that it nouriihes no venomous Creatureiriit. of them are furnilhed with great variety of Filh. Here! ten Paddies in the Idand, tire fird of which is St. Pmr'i fl which is a very convenient and fafe Harbour for Shipp along the Tides of the Peer, which is curioudy paved, ii ufual Walk of the Inhabitants of the Town. One of j plcafanted Seats in the Idand is it Granges, belonging lames Beauvoir Efq: Another is Sc. Marits, belonging to1 Edtrnni Andros, now Bailiff of the Idand, but the and Seat is £ Annrallle, belonging to Charles AndrosE%. The Right Honouraale Ckrlftpher Lord Vifcountft is his Majedy’s Governour here, who hath three Footu panies under his Command,; the fird of which is his o the other two belonging to Capfain George Littleton the puty-Governour, and to his Lordfliip’s brother, Cip The Government is in all refpetts like that of JerJj/J Bailiff, who is Sir Edmund Andros, and twelve Juftice Jurats; they have alfo the fame Appeal to England,® King and Council. flit III'

ja Exact Catalogue of the BISHOPS of England, ranked in their proper Order.

InR.Tl.vMi Tetiiftm, Lord Archbifhop of Canterbury. ) Dr. fihn Sharpe, Lord Archbifhop of Tar\. I Dr. Htr.rj Compton, Lord Bifhop cf Lindan, ai.d Dean of the Cliippcl.Royal i[, Ssthsrad Cr ;, Lord Eifhop of Durham, and Baron

Wiliam Beam, Lord Bifhop of Llandaff. Hr. Mm LkJ, Lord Bifhop of it'orcejler, Lord Almoner. Dr.rw Smith, Lord BiOiop of Carlijle. Ibt.Thmt Sprat, Lord Bifhop of Rcchejler, Dean of Weflm. bt.fioathanTrelasvney,l.ord Bifhop of Exeter,and Earonet. Dr. Ihmai Watfin, Lord Eifhop of Sc. Davids. Br.fi/ierr Barnet, Lord Bifhop of Salisbury, and Chancelfour of the Garter. bt. Humphrey Humphreys, lord Bifhop of Banger. bt.Hich,las Stratford, Lord Bifhop of Chefler. bt. Siam Patrick, Lord Bifhop of Ely. Dr. Oillert Imfide Lord Bifhop of Hereford. %fihHmt,h, Lord Bifhop of Coventry and Lvhjield. Or. film Mo are, lord Bifhop of Norwich. to.RithttrdCumberland, Lord Bifhop of Peterborough* ' ,'t. Edmd Fowler, Lord Bifhop of Gtouce(ler. i ur. Richard Kidder, Lor4 Bifhop of Bath and Weus. Dr,Jm Hall, Lord Bifhop of Brijlot, of Pembroke- HaU. ,\Eiwari Jones, Lord Bifhop of Sz Afaph, Dr. James Gardiner, Lord Bifhop of Lincoln, iln.'jolmll'illiamty Lord Bifhop of Chicbefler. | Dr. WiStam Talbot, Lord Bifhop of Offorrf, Dean of Worcejter, Thefe are all Barons and Peers of the Realm, have iiccin the typer Hoa/eof parliament^ and in the V^cr H:x}e

Gg 3

4 f6 &tat« Pan m, Richard Earl of Ranelagh. ; Ihv.rr Lord Biftrop ot London. - Robert Lord Ferrers. Thomas Lord Wharton. Robert Lord Lexington. Sjdnej Lord Oodolphin. Thomas Lord Coningsty. i Peregrine Bertie, Efq; Vice-Chamberlain to his Majefly, ! James PVrnon.Efq; One of his Majcfty’s Principal Secretarin) of State. John Smith, Efq; Chancellour and llnder-Treifurcrof the Exchequer. \ Sir Join Holt, Knight, lord Chief Juftice of the King’/- Bench, Sir John Trevor, Kniglir, Matter of the Rolls. Sir Henry Goodrich, Knight and Baronet, Lieutenam-Gc-i Serai of the Ordnance. Sir Jofeph Wtlliamfon, Knight. Sir William Trumbull, Knight. Hugh Bofcaacn, Efq; Charles /M>nhrgKf,£fq; one of the Lords Commiffioneri of lit; Treafury.

Clerks of the Council, Sir John Nicholas, Knight of the Bath. William Blathmit, Efq; John Povey, Efq; Edward Southwell, Efq;

Keefers of the Council Chamber.

SS? } Salary to each 5o L

Clerks of the Signet. Sir John Nicholas, Knight of the Bath. Sir William Trumbull, Knight. John Gauntlett, Efq; Mr. Gro^e Littlefield Office-Keeper. of ENGLAND. 4J7

Clerh of the Trtvy Seal. ItaOl Watkins, Efq; Efq; Sit fltwti P»<«. Baronet- 7.oZ’A", Office-Keeper.

A Lift of the prefent Nobility of England accor¬ ding to their refpedtive Precedencies. Miri you find the Star prefixed, the Title was ctm- fir'd by bis prefent Majefiy. Dukes, of the Htovd-Rciyal I. 'pRince William Duke oiGlmcjhr. Of the Royal Family t. < Prince George of Denmark, Duke of Cumberland, &c.

tot Officers, Who fake Place of all Dukes not of the Royal Shod, exceft Prince George of Denmark, who hath Prtcedence lyo (fecial AS of Parliament. fit Sommers,Loti Sommers, Lord High-Chancellor of Eng- tmas Herbert, Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, Sec. Lord - Ptefident of the Council. fit Leather, Vifcounc Unfdale, Lord Privy-Seal. Other Dukes 17, and Dutchejes 1. Hetty Howard, Duke of Norfolk Hereditary Earl-Marfhal of

Note, The Dufi of Norfolk hath Precedence, net only by hisCrea- titt,but likewife in refpefl of bis Office: And the Duke of Dc- vonfhire tahp Mace for the lap Reafon only. William Cavendifb, Duke of Devonfhire, Lord Steward of the Houlhold. Charles Seymour Duke of Somtrfet. £«r bar a Villiers} Ducchefs of Cleveland, Lotaft 4f8‘ SCIje 3P?rrfi»t &fste Part Hr. j Lodife de Quirmlle, Durdiefs of Porlfmoutlt. ] Conies Lems, Duke of Richmond. \ Charles Fi'1-Roy D ike of Southampton. ’■ Charles Fill Rif Duke of Grafton, James Butler Duke of Ortsrnd. '< Henry Som-erfer Duke of Beaufort. Gemge Fiti-Rn Dukeof Northumberland. Charier Beasiclair, Duke of St Albans. James Fity-James Duke of Berwick- * Charles Ponies Duke of Bilson. (of the Empire, f Meinhardt Schonberg, Duke of Schonlerg and Leisjler, Count r Charles Talbot, Duke of Shrewsbury. * Thomas Ostyane, Duke of Leeds, r William R«JJW/Dul:eof Bcdfo'd. ’ Wiliam Cavettdijh Duke of Devutjhire, Lord Steward of the Houfltold- * John /MrerDukc of Nesrraflle. Marquefles 3. ' William Savile Marquefs of Hallifax. William ftofci't Marquefs of Po"is. Y John Sheffeild Marquefs of Ksrmanbh

Officers who tn{e Place of alloy their Ve(tie. 2uI of Lindfcy, Lord Great Chamberlain of Duke of Norfolk, Hcicditary Dari Mailhal of iji'j, Duke of Devonjhire, Lord Steward of the Lord Chamberlain of the Houlhold,

Henry Clintm, Earl of Lincoln. Henry Howard, Earl of Suffolk. Part III. o£ ENGLAND. Child Seville Earl ui Verfct and Midetkjcx, ■xii cmh Earl of S.ilislmry. fMCeeill Earlol Excier. Egrrlon t.jrl ol Bridgtrater. S*irSi*cjEarlof Leicejhr. Cuif Compton Earl ol timumptm. littariRicb Earl of tVatmcl; and Holland. Sifil fielding Ear! of Denbigh. f.JilSt.jobn Earl of Bohngbnke. Fomas Fane, Fad of IFe/l inelan.d. Chiles Matagne, Earl of Manchclter. Star Hiaard Earl of ned’ (hire. Euard Savage, Ear! Riven. 0:rt Bertie Earl of Li dfey, Lord Great Chamberlain of England. Chiles Mrrdamt Err! of Petet borough and Monmouth. Urns Grey E.rl ol Sr.nr.f-,id. fiarbrE/m/jE'ilof d'n, htljey. Etelytt J'roi/iriir Earl oi Rtngllm. dries In met Ear! of (..mat van. PhltpStafape El I of Chalet field. TwiusTitfon Karl of 1'li.net. Eilert Spen-c Eolof Sunderland, Felon LJe K. o; San [dale, tdrsard MM^ue Ea.l ot S.tndnich. Hire) Hyde Fail ol Clarendon, fawn C .pel! Earl of Effix. R'.lur BmJ -t.il Ear! of C-udigm. Jews Aiwejl. Earl of .-1 nglelcj. I'hCjt.u.-.iie Eirl of Hath, Ci.uk; Hire a a Earl of Cat lip. Tcmat li uee Err! of Ahil-.ti). Chairs B- le E .rl of Burlington. 1'ii lU Fiti R 7 (Di or.to of Grafton') Countefs of Arlington, ir,i'a..A(hle} Cooper Earl of Shaft sharp. Ears i-Her.ty Lee Errl of Lthificld. limes Lernard Call of S.JJ'-x. Louis d: Haras Earl of Feve,(ham. Ch'lesG. tar./ Eirl of y.aeel.siield. Ckules-lwvUe Roi-rts Earl of Radnor. Wilt.tm I’-ll t: Eirl of Tarmuth. Cashs oe heir I irl of Berkeley. Eotiel Finch liarl of Kettirgliam. 460 SJlje gjttem JState part jjj Laurence Hyde Earl of Rocbefkr. MontaguVenables Birth Earl of Abingdon. Baptift Noel Earl of Gainsborough. Robert D'Arcie Earl of Holdernefs. Other Windfor Eatl of Plimoutb. Katharine Sidle) Countefs of Dorchefler. Edvard Radcliffe Eatl of Derventvater. Henry Howard Earl of Stafford. * William Bentincl’ Eatl of Portland. * Thomas Bellaffe Eatl Falconberg. * Ralph Montague Earl of Montague. t * John Churchill Earl of Marlborough Governour to his Highlit[i the Duke of Gloucefter. * Arthur Herbert Earl of Torrington. * Richard Lumley Earl of Scarborough. * George Booth Earl of Warrington. * Francis Newport Eatl of Bradford, Treafurer of the HoulhoU and Cofferer. * Henry Sidney Earl of Koine;, Mailer-General of the Ord- * William Zuleflein Earl of Rochford. * Ford Grey Earl of Tankenitte. * Arnold—Joifi Van Keppell Earl of Altemrl, Mailer of the * Thomas Coventry Earl of Coventry. * Edvard Rnffel, Earl of Or ford. * Edvard Vitiers Earl of JerJey. * Henry d' Over jnerque Earl of Grantham. Vifcounts 8. EdvardDeverenx Vifcount Hereford. Francis Brown Vifcount Montacute. William Fienes Vifcount % and Sele. CbarksTownfhend Vifcounc Tawnfliend. nomas Thyme Vifcount Weymouth. Chriftopher Hatton Vifcount Hatton. * Henry Telverton Vifcount Longueville. * John Lowther Vifcount Lmfdate, Lord Privy-Seal. Barons 6$, and Earoneifes g. George Unix Lord Abergavenny. Jmt PartHI. of ENGLAND. 461 lain Toucbet (Earl of Caftlehaven) Lord Anile,. t0irl Bertie Lord IVidoughb, of Eretb,. Hn Wtjl Lord La Wane. filter Shirk, Lord Ferrers. Clmlti Mitdma, Lord Fstawater. pinardWard Lord Dnils, and Ward. t (Sard Eerne; Lord WUaughb, of Broke. Jblinas^FFha'rton Lord VFhartm, Comptroller of the Hoolhotd. ftjbWMoughb, Lord Willmgbh, of Parham, milim Paget Lord Paget. Frmii Howard Lord Howard of Effingham. William North Lord Norrfi and Gre,. lam Budget Lord Chan dot. Him Car, Lord Hunfdm. fame Pttre Lord Petre. Itiwii Arundel LordArundel ofFWardeur,Count of the Empire. Udy Katharine Williamfm Baronefs Clifton. Chrtjhpber Roper Lord Tenbam. ftdt Grew/Lord Brook. ]obn Lovelace Lord Lmlace. John Pawlet Lord Pawlet. BimjltrMapnardLoedMapnard. Charles Howard Lord Howard of Efetch.- Omits Mohan Lord Mobun. UomasWentworth Lordsab,. limat Leigh Lord Leigh, lianas Jermin Lord Jermin. William Bmn Lord B,ron. JikyaogbanfZasi of Carbine) Lord Vaugavu Fmcit Carrington Lord Carrington. William VVidirington Lord Widdiington. John Culpeper Lord Culpeper. Robert Lucas Lord t«Mr,Govcrnour of the tower. Lewis VFatfon Lord Rockingham. Sofrrl Sarron Lord Lexington. Mtmaduke Langdale Lord Langdale. William Berlele, Lord Berkfle,. Charles Granule Lord Granule, Count of the Empire. Charles Cornwallis Lord Cornwallis. Nathanael Crew (Bifhopof Durham) Lord Csesu. 462 fClje pjrfcttt &fate Partin^ Mmj Grey (Ccmntefs of Kent} Bjroncfs Lwas o(CrHd»(lL John Arundel Lo d Arundel of Twice. William Oaven Lord Craven. Hugh Clifford Lord Clifford of Cbuikrgb. Peregrine Oiborn (Vlfcounc Dumb lone) Lord 0 shorn, SkI'miu Portre) Baiontfs Bchtfff of Ofgoibj. John Cnrteret Lord (latent. Choi hrs Kenet Lord Offljion. William Legi Lord D.n mouth. William St until Lord StanreH, Francis tro th Lord Guilford. Sidnei Godolpbin Lord Godot fain. He'it ?fr«rn Lord Drvrr- John J.ff e,s Lord Jeffsp. James VVaiie;rave Lord V'/aUegme. Edvard Grijfi'i Lord Giijfm. 1 L ClrJmmilet. * John Ajbb..rr.h.im Lord Apo'iu/nbam * William Farmer Lord Lcmpjier. * Chnrlei miller Lord VVeJlon. * Hem) Herbert Lord Herbert of Ciierbmy. * Jo.'n rhmfm Lord hbnerfb.m. ■ * John Somert Lord Somers, Lord Higti Chznccllour of Erg- Lind. * Chriftopbet V,v,e Lord Bamrd*

A true LIST of the Knights, Citizens ami Bur- gsffos of tbs fref'ait P.irliamsnr, et they font Tnrtgttedjotb’jbf hj //'June 1699. y CDfojDfijirf fends 4 Mcmben. THE Right H'Vjrnble Lori Edward Rulfcl. Sir William Go(lwickKni»!rr and Barcast, . Too n of Bedford. Sir Thomas Alfred, Bannet. William Spencer, E(q\ srriLff j. Sir Humphrey Forifor, Bar. Richard Nevile, Ffj. tf ENGLAND. 4< Borough of New Wiudfor. lo-aife john lard Kr/cowirFitzhardiog. ira, H/«i Borough of Reading. fa Borough of Wallingford, piping. Bar. q' Borough of Abingdon.

Eucfcsr. > Goodwin Wharton, Efqi ottrabli William lord Clieync, K//r. Neivliaven. Town of Buckingham. cmplc, Bur. tenton, Bur. Borough of Chipping Wicomb. ev, Efq-, dale, Ejj; Boroughof Ailbbury. : Tames Herbert, Efq-, ter, Efq-, Borough of Agmondefliam.

' Wendover.

Ireredsc, fCr.

Canib’iDgtSiire 6, 464 Sfec Relent $tate Tom of Cambridge. Sir John Cotton, tar. Sir Henry Pickering, Bar.

Sir ]ohn Manwarfag, Bar, Sir Robert CottouJ Bar. City of Chefter. Sir Thomas Grofvenor, Bar. Peter Shakerley, £/jj

The Right Honourable Hugh Bofcawen, Efq-, JohnSpecoot, Efq-, Borough of Dunhivid, alias Lancelton. lie Right Honourable Henry Lord Hyde. William Cary, Efq-, Borough of Leskard. Henry Darrel, Efq\ William Bridges, £j?i Borough of Leflithiel. the Honourable George Booth, E/y; Samuel Travers, Efq. Borough of Truro. Hugh Fortcfcue, Efq-, Henry Vincent, Eft-, Borough of Bodmyn. The Honourable Ruffcl Robarts, Efq-, John Hoblyn, Eff, J Borough of Hellion. Sidney Godolphin, Efq-, CharlesGodolphio, £'y, Borough of Saltalh. John Morris, Efq-, Tames Bullcr, Efq-, Borough of Camtlford, Henry Manaton, Eff, DenDisGlyn, Eff, Borough o/Portivigliam, alias Weftlow. James Kendal, Efq-. John Mountflephen, Efq-, Bmugb of Foway. Itvi! Granville, Kf. Mi Vivian, £/?; Bumgh if St. Germains, id Elliot, Efj; Tanner, £lj j Borough cf Mitchel.

Bir&tgbof CallingtoD. Coryton, Bur. iford, £/{; . 4 6

Borough of Alhbttrton. William Starve!!, £/y, Richard Duke, junior, E/y,

4«S 8$c gjtftnt fratt

©utljan^ <« lyonel Vane,£/y; Sir Robert Eden, Bar. Cil) of Durham. ni Houourahle Charles Montague, Eff,

Sir Charles Barrington, Fir. Edward Bullock, Eff, Barm[b of Cokhcftcr. Sir Thomas Cooke, Kt. Sit Ifaac Rebow, Kt. Borough of Malden. Sir Eliab Hareey, Kt. Irby Montague, £/;; Borough of Harwich. Sir Thomas Davali, Kt. Sir Thomas Middleton, Kt.

0 louceSerQirr^ s. Sir Richard Cox, Bar. John How, Eff, City of Gloucefter. Sir William Rich, Bar. William Selwin.Efr, Borough of Cirenceder. Charles Cox, Eff, Henry Ircton, Eff, Borough of Tewksbury. Charles Hancock, Eff, Richard Doddefwell, Eff, lleretyofljire, 8. Henry Cornwall, Eff, Henry Gorges Eff, City of Hereford. The Hmurahk James Bridges, Eff, Paul Foley, Eff, IpirtHI. cf ENGLAND. 46? Borough of Lempfter. fyHijbt Honourable Thomas Lord Conoingsby. EJffird Harley, E/?i Borough of Wcobly. lobtrt Price, £/ji Homas Foley, Efq; fertfojDftire, 8. IkomaiHairey.E/f, Mph Freeman, j«rt.£/j; Borough of St. Albans. Si Samuel Grimfton, Bar. George Churchill, Efq', Borough of Hertford. SirWilliam Cowpcr, Bar. W'fum Cowpcr, Efo Jguntingtonfljice, 4. JohnProby, E/f, ohoDriden, E/f> Borough of Huntington. Francis Wort ley, alias Montague, Efq-, Mttard Carteret, Efq-, »tntrro. Sr James Oxenden, Kt.and Bor. Sir Stephen Lcnnird, Bar. City of Canterbury. George Sayer, Efq-, Htnry Ite.Efc City of Rochefler. ft Right Honourable Sir Jofepli Williamfon, Kt. SrCloudeflyShovell.Kf. Borough of Maidllone. Sr Robert Marfham, Kr. and Bar. Thomas Blifs, Efq-, Borough of qucenborough. Robert Crawford, Efq, Hamas King, E/f, Hh ? 3Cljip?£(£MtfeiatP, Part IB.

iLaucattjiri?, 14.

The Honourable hitcon.Gerrard, E/y; Borough of Lancafter. Robert Heyflram, Mrchant. Roger Kirkbv, E/f, Borough of Frcfton in Amountfcrne Henry Afhurft, Efq-, Thomas Molineux, E/y; Borough of Newton. Thomas Leigh of Ridge, £/y; Thomas Brotherton of Hey, Efq; Borough of Wigan. Sir Roger Bradfhaigb, Bur. Orlando Bridgman, Efq-, ' Borough of Clithcro, Chriftophrr Lifter. Efq-, Thomas Stringer, E/y; Borough of Leverpool. William Norris, E/y; William Clayton,

JUictllerfljirr, 4. The Honourable John Verney, E/y; John Wilkins, Efq-, Town of Leicelkr. Sir William Villicrs, Bir. Laurence Carter, Efq-,

JLincoInfliirr, n.> The Honourable Charles Dymoke, Efq-, George Whichcotr, E/y; Cit) of Lincoin. Sir John Bollcs, Bar- Sir Edward Hufley, Bar. Borough of Bolton, Richard Wynn, E/y; Edmund Boulter, E/y; Ljji.. ■ of ENGLAND. 471 Etnuih of Grew Grimsby. ' E‘ ward Ayfcough, Kt.

. Bmu^bof Grantham. Llohn ThoroM, Bar. William Ellis, Bar. umckLake, Efq-, r fohn Wolftenholme, Bar ‘ Cin of Wcttmiofter. (liilbt Honourable Charles Montague, Efq-, jo,M, Hamrabk JamesJVernon, F/?; r Ciry of London, irIota Fleer, Kt. i William Ailiurft, Kt. * Junes Houb'on. Kt. loans Papillon, Ejf, a9onmoutl)fl)irf, ;■ femas Morgan of Tredeager, Efq; i John Williams of Llangibby, Bar. Mougii of Monmouth. !rnry Proberr, Efq; u. if William Cooke, Bar. if Jacob Aftlcy, Kt. and Bar. City of Norwich. tDavy, Efq; Blofeild, Efq) of Lyn-Regti. iir John Turner, Kt. iCharles Turner, Kt. Tom of Great Yarmouth, targe England, Efq;, 4a Nicholfon, Efq-, Hh 4 47s flUrfJjefrat State Pirtjj; Btnagb cf Thetford. Jte Right Honourable Charles Lori Paflon. James Sloanc, E/j; Boroifh of Caflierifing. Thomas Howard, E/j; Robert Walpole, Ejj;

iRogtbamptonCf)ire, 9. Sir JuftioianUham, Bar. John Parkhurft, ffy, Citr of Peterborough, the Honourable Sidney Wortley, alia) Montague, Eft; Francis St. John, Efq-, Torn of Northampton. Chriftopher Montague, Efq-, William Thurshy Eft-,, Tom of Brackky. The Honourable Chatles Egerton, Efqj Sir John Aubrey, Bar. Borough of Higham-Ferrars. Thomas Ekins, Efq-,

iRojtljum&erlanO, s. William Fortier, E/y; Sir Edward Blackett, Bar. Tom of New-Caftle upon Tine- Sir William Blackett, gar. William Carr, E/y; Borough of Morpeth, The Honourable Philip Howard, Efq-, Sir Henry Bellalis, «r. Town of Berwick upon Tweed, Sir Francis Blake, Kr. Samuel Ogle, E/y;

iSottingljamf^re, 8. Sir Thomas Willoughby, Bar, GervafeKyre, £/y; Tom 0/ Nottingham, William Picrrcpont, Efq-, Richard Slater, Ejy; Jmsyl ksDI. of ENG LAND. 473 Borough of Eaft Retford, lahn Thornhaugh, %, Willoughby Hickman, Sir. Tonmcf Newark upon Trent. 11 Hu mabU James Sandrrfon, E/y; fi; Fnacis Moly neaK, Bar. flDyon, 9. fit Kiih Honouraile tit lordNorreyt. JlrRobcri lcnkinl'oD, Bar. Vaivtrfnj 0/ Oxon. JirChriftopher Mufgrave, Bar. Si William Glynn, Bar. Citj of Oxon. Sir EJ ward NorreTS,Kr. IhomasRo.wney,E/y; Borough of Ncn-Wooditock. Tit Honourable James Betlic, £/y; Sir Thomas Littleton, Bar. Borough of Banbury. Si John Cope, Bar. ©utlanDfijtre, a fxRigbr Honourable John Lori Burleigh. Richard Halford, E/y; Salop, «a. Sir Edward Leighton, Bar. Edrtard Kynaflon, £/y; Tom of Salop. John Kynaflon, £/y; Richard Mitton, £/y; Borough of Bruges, aliai Bridgnorth. Sir William Whitmore, Bar. Si Edward Afiotl, Bar. Borough of Ludlow. Francis Herbert, £/y; tt; Honourable Thomas Newport, E/yi Bomghof Great-Wcolock. SirWilliam Forrcfltr, Kr. Gtorge Wtld,E/f, Tow* 474 JElje pjffcnt State Town of Bifhops-Cafllc. Sir william Brownlow, Bar, Charles Mafon, Eff, $omrrfetfl)ire, 18. Sir Edward Phelips, iff. John Hunt, E/j; City of Briflol. Sir Thomas Day, Kt. Robert Yacc, E/f, City of Bath. Alexander Popham, Efq, William Blatluvait, Ejf, City of Wells. William Coward, Serjeant at Late. Edward Berkeley, Eff, Borough of Taunton. Henry Portman, Efr, Edward Clarke, Eff, Borough of Bridgwater. Roger Hoare, Eff George Crane, Eff, Borough of Minhead. Alexander Lnttcrcll, E/j; Tames Bank, E/j; J Borough of Ilceller. Sir Francis Windham, Bar. John Philips, Eff, Bo rough of Milburn-Porc. Sir Thomas TravcII, Kt. Sir Charles Carteret, Kt. Southampton, Thomas Jersroife, Eff, Richard Norton, £/ji City of VVinchefler. The Right Honour able Lori William Pawlet. Frederick Tilncy, iff, Town of Southampton. Sir Beniamin Nevdand, Kt. John Smith, Efr, kit III* of ENGLAND. Town of Fortfmouth. ftomasErle, Eft, Jir George Rooke, Kt. B:rou&h of Yarmouth. Htnty Holmes, Eft; tehony Morgjn, £ft; Eomgh cf Petersfitld. tolmMichcll, Eft; [Bcttt (worth, Eft; Borough of Newport, alias Medena. io'-err Cotton, Kt. ;y Grccnhill, Eft; Borough of Stockbridge. tony Storr, Eft; lPitr, Eft; Borough of Newtown. >t‘WorflSy,£ft; lico.tj' Mopfon, Eft; Borough of Chrift-CIrarch. •Right Honourable Edward Lord Vifaur.t Combury. ilium Ettericke, Eft; Borough o/Lymington. :oir,j; Dore, Eft, | Gtorgc Eurrard, Eft; Borough of Whitchurch. |tonight Honourable James Lord Ruffd. Andover. It.' Right Honourable John Smith, Eft; Anthony Henley, Eft;

^Jtaffojofljirc, 10. ' :,'n*ab!e Henry Pagcir, Eft; rd Eaggort, Eft; Citj of Lichfield. •Word Dvo’t, Eft, sit Michael Eiddulph, Bar. Borough of Stafford. HlilipFokv, Eft; ttenns Fob', .ftuicr, Eft; Borough of Newcaftle mitr Lyne, 1 John Levefon Gower, Bar. Sif'fhomasRtllgt, Bar, 476 Wit jpjefflnt Jbtatc Partin Borough 1of Sfamwerth. Thomas Guy, E'fa 3 Sir Henry Gough, Kt. t

Suffolk, i«- Sir Samuel Barnardifton, Bar. Sir Lyonel Tolmach, Bar. Earl 0/ Dyfert in Scotla nd. Sarj^i (/ Ipfwich. 'Samuel Barnardifton,£/j; Richard Philips, E/y; Borough 0/ Dunwioh. Sir Robert Rich, Kt. and Bar. Henry Heveningham, Efq-, Borough of Orford. Sir Thomas Felton, Bar. Sir Charles Hedges, Kt. Borough of Aldborough. Sir Henry Johnfon, Kr. William Johnfon, E/f, Borough of Sudbury. Samuel Kekewich, E/y; JohnGourdon, E/f, Borough of Eye. The Honourable Spencer Compton, E/y, Sir Jofeph Jekyl, Kt. Borough of St. Kdmondsbury. Sir Robert Davcrs, Bar. John Harvey, E/f,

dump, 14- Sir Richard Onflow, Bar. John Wefton, E/f, Borough of Southwark, Charles Cox, E/y; John Cholmley, E/y; Borough of Ryegate. Stephen Harvey, E/f, Edward Thurland, Efjj Borough of Blechingly. the Honourable Hugh Hare, E/y; Sir Robert Clayton, Kt. law/ ftrtHI. of ENGLAND. 477 Borough of Guilford. UoMinRandyll, Efq; fool Onflow* Efq; Borough of Gorton. ItamisTorgis, Efq; jtanccThompfon.Efq; Borough of Hiflemete. Sir Throphilus Oglethorpe, Kr. Ceorge Vernon, Efqi

(iWilliira Thomas, Bar. ’ fobtrtOrme, Efq; C/O' of Chichcftcr. Si Richard Farringdon, Bar. join Miller i Efq; Bert ugh of Horlham. JohnMachell, Efq; flrnry Yates, Efq; Borough of Midhtirft. Sir William Morley, JO. f the Bath. John Lcwkenor, Efq; Borough of Lewes. Thomas Pelham, Efq; toy Pelham, Efq; Borough of Slioreham. JttaPerry, Efq; Charles Sergifon, Efq; - Borough of Eramber. William Weflbrook, Efq; John Asgill, Efq; Borough of Sceyning. Sir John Fagg, Bar. Sir Edward Hungerford, Kt. of the Bath. Bmughof Eaft-Grimfled. h f'tR'fot honourable Lionel Earl of Orrery. John Conyers, Efq; Borough tf Arundel. John Cooke, Elq; Chriftopher Knight, Efq;

CUr- 478 t pjtftnt fetaec

©lartoic&fijire, 6. Sir John Mordaunt, Bar. Sir CharlesSlmckburgh,Bar. Sir Chriflopher Uak'^fr. Cm'm'y' Richard Hopkins, E!q\ B-rough of Warwick. the Hommahle Robert Grcvil!, Efq; Sir Thomas Wagfta'ffe, Kr.

ElUffmo;IanD) 4. Sir Richard Sanford, B

482 WMe piefetu State rwn of Brecon. 1 Thomas Morgan 0/ Trcdeagar, Efqi ' Cartugan, . John Lewis, E/ji J Tom of Cardigan. Sir Charles Lloyd, Kr. ' Carmarthen, *■ Sir Rice Rudd, Bir. Tom of Carmarthen. Richard Vaughan, £/f, Carnartjan. i. The Honourable Thomas Bulkeky, Efq\ Tom of Carnarvan. Sir lohn Wynne, Kr and Bar., ©rnbigl), 1. Sir Richard Middleton, Bar. Tom of Denbigh. Edward Brcreton, £/}; jflint, 2. Sir lohn Conway, Bur. lean of Flint. Thomas Morftyn.E/y; ©lamojgan, i. 7orrn of Cardift'c. Sir Ed' ling, Bar, flSEti'tutl), i- Hugh Nanny, E/yi SSontgomerp. x- Edward Vaughan, Efq-, Tom of Montgomery. Price Devcreux, EJf, JBemtyoke, 3. Arthur Owen, jm. Efq-, Tom of Havcrford-Weft. Sir William Wogan. Kt. Tom of Pembroke. Si> John Philips, Bar KaDnoi, x. , Thomas Harley, Efq-, I Tom of New Radnor. Robert Harlcv, Efq-, Toe Umber of Commons are in all, 513. of ENGLAND. SEtje ficfcnt State Partll

Gentkmm of ^}i Chapel.

Mr EdrrardCradoc\ Clerk of the Cheque. Mr. Nathanael Wlatkins. Mr. John Goodgmme. Mr. Bl.ite White. Mr Thomas Rich,trdfon. Mr. James Hart. Mr. Andrete Treberk, Dr. William Turner. Mr. j'ohn Gifting. Mr. Leonard Wooddefn Mr. Nathanael Veftmt. Mr. Samuel Bentham. Mr. Mofes Snoot. Mr. John btrcteS. Mr. Charles Barnes. Mr. Alexander Damafcene. Mr. George Hart. Mr. Daniel Williams.

Mr. Thomas Jennings. Their Salary -3/.each per An. and the SubDemtlitlJ Mr. John Radclife, Coofcffor to the Houlhold. Dr. John Blow- Mafter of die Children, and OrglClH; each of which he receives 141. per Annum Salary. Mr. Francis Pigot.Otgitttk. Salary 100 I. per Amm, ten CbiUren of the Chapel, viz. Anthony Young. John Reading. Thomas Clarke. Samuel Wettey Michael Mar (hall. James Street. f,bn Robinfon. Bernard Gates. Homy Sylveller. Thomas Maftlh Mr. Bernard Smith, CKgan-P.uilder. Dr. John Montague, Clerk of rile Clofcc to the King. Mr. Gilbert fhtrnbnngh, Clofcr-Keeper. of ENGLAND. 48f :.o;F*r^*r«Efq;Serjcn.r. Salary61. ,6s. tod-l^ ^'S.Yeoman.Sa!. ^/. Board-wages,tfl. i}x.(Ve/>r>. Ci(f» fwince. Groom, Sal. 45 /. 1a r. d

L!/.»Sbiltc), Organ Bll'"'er- Board-wages, 10/.

I,the Chapd Royal of St. James's there are fix Preachers alligned, and are now denominated Jhi Triiiccjs’s Chaplains. ■ i,.Umr.s Green. I Mr. Thomas Feljlead. Xr.Sufhn Painton. Mr. --Grows. XUmi Aiterbury. Reading-Chaplains, 1. Each 80 A per Annum.

Ifr, Thma Hdrptr, iMIas Fifpr, Clolet-Keeper. ;oA per Annum, i. Jb Richer Jfon, Clnptl-Kreptr. 40 A per Annum. Tltefc laft tour have their Salaries paid by the King.

If Lijl of bis Majift/s ■ H.ujho'.d Officers and Str¬ um, attending in the feviral Offices btlow Stairs, nice the Command of Wiili.l n Dabs of De-On- fliire. Lord Steward; together with their refpecltye Salaries and Board wages.

Boats of ®?cm-£loth. ww- Board m [A]Ilham Duke of Mewir-j VV {hire. Lord Steward ofS-100 co 00 1560 ce las Majefty’s Houihold. J imis Earl of Bradford, Trea- 1 tocrandCoffereroftheHouf- >2*3 14 l09l 0! hold. 3 Ii }

Part III- of ENGLAND.

/fnlfon; Scarlet, Groom [- D«mii Dmia. Groom - §Kalmng-l?otUe. Jama Gwiaie, Yeoman - facrmmll, Yeoman - JMThernbwgb, Groom ' littJ}Tnk.i Groom — palfrp. Urn) Dwell, fciq; Clerk, - rtmch Lamb, Yeoman- Samel Brawn, Yeoman --

£jfullrn>. RhhwJ Kmlan, tfq; Clerk —‘ c6 I ? 04 JhMi HariimM, Yeoman—— 5 °° °° ]Z‘’in"h, Groom-2 13 c4 S:mt‘tl barley. Groom --- - 13 c4 Tbw Rebmfm, I’age-2 c 0 00

Jaffa) Enghjh, Groom - Lcaai d H^ncib, Grcoir i^arbingcrjET- £jje pjcrcnt &tate Part III, 490 Per Annum. Wilder. Board-mil), aimonajp- Richard Bennett, Yeoman ——• 5 oo oo 45 oo oo Daniel whittle, Gioom - 2 eg 04 37 06 oS Utters at tije (Bate. Michael Hubert, Efq; Serjeant — II 08 oil I08 11 loi Richard Miller, Yeomm- 5 00 00 45 00 00 Charier Sealer, Yeoman- AamKinm, Yeoman -■ John Gibbons, Groom- 2 13 04 37 06 08 lamer Lover, Groom -’ 2 13 04 37 06 08 Mahalaleel Windham, Groom-- 2 13 04 37 06 08 Camber*. Harold Miller, Yeoman-• Charier Scorerb)r. Yeoman - John Zevenhmn, Yeoman - Edward Ktlmayne, G

John riPflehy, - part III. of EN G L AN D. 491 Per Annum. Wager. BoarJ-wagei. Cock ana Crper. William Sampfn- 18 05 00 clerge join ll-rdefy, Clerk-6 13 04 c6 d?

R <3fCOm-^uti)E)>0;B Of tt)C Tlonjj Carts.

$mbqa}0. Poulterers, John Wiber, Richard Wagden. Purveyor of Sea-Fifo, Kr.imir Jewell Purveyor of Frcfh Water Lift, SamuelWalton. Linen-Draper, Matthew Cooper. _ Winc-Mtrchant, Stephen Timpfch, Grocer, Peter U Vigne. Brewer, John England. -At Hampton Court, John Grunt.

Purvcvor of Bacon, John Clift. Erafier, John Smith. Ironmonger, Patti Collins. I’cwrerer. William Cempleman. Tallow-Chandler, Tin. Rutter.

The 491 JEljc pjefcnt j&iate Part lit

The Ktnrs Officers and Servants in Ordinary dove ■flairs under the Lord Chamberlain.

THE'Lord Chamberlain-■ Vice-Chamberlain, I cregrine Bertie, Eft]; Cup-Bearers.

Jams T,rrell, Efq; I sir cM„ Sjdh} ■ R ' Thomas Bottler, Efq; 1 Carvers. William Champneis, Efq; I Jofeph Rojpngton. Efq; Samuel Sanders, Efq; | Ccmlius Ttlburn, Efq; Sewers. AlirWaf Fewi.Efq; I Robert St. Clair, ttq, Richard Smith, Efq; | Geo^e Motley, Efq; Efquires of the Body. Sir Thomas Grantham, Kc. ; William Sidenham, Efq;

Forty Eight Gentlemen of the Trivy-Chamber in Ordinary to his Majefy.

The Ear! of Mountalex'ander. Sir Robert Killigrew, Kc. The Marquifs of Montpuilhin Sir Robert Dacres, Kc. lord Vifcount Dungannon. mUiam.KiUiptn, Efq; lord Vifcoun: Eultivant. Sir James Clarke, Kc. Sir Edvard Littleton, Baronet. Sir Thomas Tipping, Bar. Sir Robert Barbham, Bar. Henrp Cromwell, Efq; Sir John Afli'eild, Bar. Henry Killigrew, Efq; •Sir Thomas Ogle, Kr. Sir Robert Bacon, Bar. III. of ENGLAND. ^ «ari £vf/>ti,Bar. i Sir 'John Edgemrth, Kt. Nicholas £>tc,-i(v, Su Thomas Wtfeman, Bat tihew .-.adeem fist. Charles Klllig’ev, Efq; Ilium Lunghotr.e, Bar. Chur lei Naf.tr, Efq; omul Wheat,bit- Sir Thomas Grantham, Kf

Honourable Atthat An- Sir James Caldwell, lie, \h Efq; Sir Robert Daflimoi, Rr, ’lomas Nevil, Bar. Charles Herbert, Efq; Thomas, Efq; Sir Frmcts Vincent, Kp,

ir David Mitchel, Kt. Gcntleman-Ullier, Daily Waiter Jfij :kRod. Francis Afitm, ' Jeremiah Chaplain, i-Efquires. Tooiwn Parle, J iffiftinr Gentleman-Ufher, William Sanderfon, Efg; fElje pjefent fefftte Part IIIt 494 Grooms of tlic Privy-Chamber. Thomas Dappa, Efq; I William Wall'll, Efq; Humphrey Graves, f.fq; 1 William Whitmire, Efq-, Pages of the PiefcnceChamber. John Femt, Efq; ] Edward Wits, Efq; Alexander Remolds, E'q; I Arnold Walwyn, Efq; Grooms of the Great Chamber, or MtlTengcrs. Charles Shepherd. | Mr. Hemy Mofs. , Edtvard Cmper. I Mr. Thomas Rafh. . Adam Lifney. 1 Mr. -John Coats. . Arnold Walwm. ; Mr. ftmrftmus Whiteharfl. . James Cook?' I Mr. Grijfm Evans. Mr.-Jenkins. Michael Mitchell Mr. John Hammond. JofephLinfer. Sewers of the Chamber. Mr. William fawlin. Mr. John Thomfsn. Mr. Richard Savage. Mr. Anthony Meek Mr Hagb Sqaire. Mr. Janes Dean. Mr. Timothy Ctomp. Mr. Charles Winn.

Mr. Michael Wool-ech. Mr-Walters. Gentlemen of the King’s Bed-Chamber. Groom of theStole,firft Gentle¬ man of the Bed Chamber, and Privy-Purfe. Henry Earl of Rimeey. Richard Earl of Scarlmagh. Ja nes LMke of Ujteenskw'h. I of Selkhk Algern rl of EJ)ex. Mar- Part III. of ENGLAND. 49f Marquifs of Monpouilion. Rebut LorJ Lexington. Cnarles Earl ot Burlington. Charles Duke of St.Aibtmi. Chalet Earl of Arran. Grooms of the Bed-Chamber. Jtliun van gounelinn, Efq; | Emml Scroop //w,Efq; IhnSa.crs, Efq; Col. Thomas mndfor, Efq; The Honourable James I Col. Chohmdley, Efq; Stanley, Efq; I The Lord Rahy. Col. Hunan Cemptan, Efq; [ Pages of the Back-Stairs. Mr. John Sewell. j Mr. Benjamin dela Fountain. Mr. William Watfen. Me. James Sell. Me. John Smith. I Mr. David Hams. King’s Bathers.

Simon it Britnne, Efq; 1 Rkhari Me.yt'ilham Fremme. I Matter of the Great Wardrobe. Ralph Earl of Montague. Chief Clerk, Charles Bland, Efq; Clerk, Thomas Tawnfend, Efq; _ t There are alfobelonging ro it, a Joyner, Mr. Tho.Mtrtt, Embroiderer, Mr. Will. Well, Semftrcfs, Mrs. Edith ColUdy, Taylor, Mr. John Hates, Yeoman-Taylor and Portitor, Mr, Elias de Ritl, The Standing Wardrobe. Keeper, Daniel Child. E(q; Yeoman and Keeper of the removing Wardrobe, Peter Heme, Efq; Grooms, Mr. Jonathan Cbaje and Mr. Thomaslaylor. Pages, Mr. Chrijbpcer Smith, Mr. Kendal Hern, Mr. Jeftai Grmlemin of the Guns, and Keeper of the private Armo¬ ry Piney Gnentw it Berthmiffon, Efq; 1 Yconun of the Guns, Mi-Chain allege. Surveyor of the Chamber, and Dreffer, Mr. Ota if Welling! Houfekeeperat Whitehall, Piercj fjik, EG}; His Deputy, Mr. So hen Beddow. Keeper of the King’s Fifturc, Mmfienr Sommers. At Keefmgm, Simon it Brienne, Efq; Theatre-Keeper, Mr. John Clarke.

the Honourable-OverkirkEfq; Clerk of the Robes and Wardrobes, VWiam Van Huh Yeoman, Mr. r!oho Van Bnffenburt. Grooms, Mr. Benjamin Brake, Mr. William Williams, Mr.

Page, Mr. Edward Aland. Erufher, Mr. Patrick Williams. UuntlrefSof the Body LineD,Mrs. MrjLovman. Starchcr, Mrs. Jane Ireland.

Comptroller of the Chamber.

UughChidley, Efq; Mallcrof the Jewel-Houfe.

Charier Godfrey, Efq; Yeomem Mr'Edwar/pa«n:eford, and Mr. Philip Br;M Groom, Mr.EdmdTardley. . Partin. ef ENGLAND. 497

Mafia of the Ceremonies,

Sir Charles Cotterell, Kt. HUrfhal and Affiant, Mr. Richard la Bade. King! of Arms 3. Sir Thomas Sr. George, Kt. Carter Principal. Sir Henry St. George, Kt. Clarenceux (.Kina of Arms, Sir John Dugdale, Kr. Norroy J Heralds.

Robert Devenirti, Efq; York, "j Henry Dethick,Efq-,Richmond,. Francis Burghill, Efq-, Somerfet, f J Gregory King, Efq-, Lancalter, |> Herald. Charles Mawfon, Efq, Chefter, mlRegWa of the College of Arms, I Peers Mauduit, Efq', Windfor, j Rowland.Fryth, Efq-, Mowbray, Herald Extraordinary Purfuivants, John Gibbon, Cent. Eluc-Mantlc, J Laurence Cromp.Genr. Portcullis,' L Peter leNeve, Gent. Rouge-croix, f Hugh Clopton, Gent. Rouge-dragon, ) Robert Dale, Gent. Blanch-Lion, and") D(fiit/-RegiJ?er of the College of Arms, >Pnrfimants Extra- Samuel Scebben, Gent. Rouge-Rofe, 3ordinary. Serjeants at Arms.

1. Thomas Charnock, Efq-, 2. -Tempter. Efq-, 3. Jofeph lawfon. Efq-, 4. Thomas Turft, Efq-, 5. Thomas Shirley, Efq, 6. Benjamin Gregge, Efq-,. 7. Edmund Williamfon, jsn. E/y; 8. -——Vacant■ K k Groom- 4?8 SCljs pjcfcnt State Partin. Groom-Porrcr, Thomas Ve.i/,Efq;_ Mafter of the Revels, Charles Kjiligrew, Efq; His Yeoman, Mr. Henry Hants. Knight Harbinger, Sir Lambert Blackwell.

Mr. George Collins. Mr. EJtn. Gibbs. Mr. John Symonds. Mr. Richard Hopljns. Mr. John Freeman. Mr. Henry Legal. Air. William Knight. Ms-Richard Poykejen. Mr. Rich. Hayward. Mr. Iho. Newlyn. Mr. John King. (icn. m. William Saffery, alias S«r- Mr Samuel Hill. Mr. Henry Evans. Mr. Peter Timm. Mr. Charles Maris. Mr. Peter Morefco. Air. Henty Aden. Mr. Tno. Taylor. Mr. JohnThornborough. UrMlEiam Rk'wrJfoti. Mr. John Morris. Mr. Simon Chapman. Mr. Nathan Wilcox. Mr. Ralph ruling. Mr. Anthony Doyley. Clerks of the Cheque, noneat prefenr. Mtflenger of the l’refs, Mr. Robert Stef

Mailer of Mufick, Dr. Nicholas Staggtns. ■ Mr. John Banijhr. I Mr. Chrijicpher Stepans. Air. William Hal Mr. John Ktdgley. Me PHIL Williams. | Ms. Richard Bradley. Mr. Robert Pjng. Mr. Edw. Flower. Mr Henry Hole. Mr. Henry Eaglet. Air. Edw. Hooton. I Mr. John Lenton. PartHI. of ENGLAND. 4 99 ar.Rofwt Lewis. 1 Mt.WiliiamGorton. Ht. Charles Powell. | Mr. John Ecclei. tsStlomm Eagles. I Mr. John Shore. lit' Frotias Crew ft. I Mr. Alex, de la Ten', it Tkoph. Fill. I [sftrumcnc-maker, Mr. JabnlHofelep. Maltcr-Falconer.

Chalet Duke of Sc. Albans. Serjeant of the Hawkes. Wiliam Ruffed, Efq; Mailer of die Hart and Buck-Hour,ds. The Baron de Humpos. Falconers. Hr. Mtvnadnkf' Comfit;1. ; Mr, John Webb. Hr. John Sjlvejler. Mr. Cornelius Tpumgal. Sr. Kitklar Puli. Mr. John Garred. Sr. Peter Cnles. [ Mr. Charles Poulton. Haller of the Harriers, Chrijlopher Tar.cred, Efq; Mailer of the Beagles, Mr-Walfwgham. lord Chief- Juftice, and Juftice in Eyre of all his Majcfly’s Forelb, on the South Side of the Iren. Thomas Lord Wharton. lord Cliief-Jullice, and Juftice in Eyre of all his Majefiy’s Forells, fyc.oa the North Side of the Trent. William Duke of Devon/hire. Banger of St. James’s Park, John Earl of Bath. Of Hide-Path, Edward Earl ot Jrrjt/. Ski of ,00 m Ptfrot State Part III. OfilWfar-Fcreft, flint1 Dukcof MrMt

MSKS^*^Of Audit}-End Park, Mr. D.ioid Robmfoa. Lord-Warden of the Stonnorin.

Scrjeant-Trumpeter, Monhero Show, Efq; Sixteen Trumpeters. Drum-Major, John Ho or Efq; M after of the Tenne-Conre, Elq, Repairer of Bridge, Join Care*, Efq, Mailer of the Barges, Mr. John Worm. Forty Eight Watermen. Phjfiiiansin Ordinary to hisMajefly’s Perfon.

Joint I Chore, Efq; Apothecary to the Houfhold, - Abraham Rottermor.d, Elq>

yvimm van .,

Goidfmith, 'Mr. Charles Shales, Bookfelier, Major Willum Churchill. Watch-maker, Mr. Thmi Herbert. Prircipal Painter, Sir o„lfrt, K.mlltrt hi.

J0Z saegwUntJUate Part llll1 Clerk Itinerant, Mr.Charles Haughton. PUiOcrcr, Mr.'John Grove. Mdier Carver, Mr. Grtmlm Gibbons, Master Glafier, Mr. Wiliam Lock-Smith,‘Mr. Crrffww). Black-Smith, ilfr.WJM’" Bare*. Bricklayer, Mr. Richard Stag. Secretaries of State. The Right Honourable EW Earl of Jerfc,, Secretary c| State for the Southern Province. 9 Under-Secretaries. 1

Robert Yard, Efq; Matthew F'hr.Jifq-, Mr. Charles Rowley, 1 Firft clerks. Mr. --Smnfort, / Clerks.

Mr. David Edgar. Mr. Herr) We]ha. Mr. Adrian Drift. Mr. Fleetmod Watkins. Mr. Charles de la Faye, Extraordinary,

Tito. Shorter, Ickamber-Keepers. John Tamer, j Secretary of State for the Southern Provincy.

The Right Honourable James Vernon, Efq; Undersecretaries.

John Ellis, Efq; Thomas Hoflyns, Efq> 4MtorSray™,EfqiFiiftClerk. Mr. James Bumr. I Mr. William, Joes. Mr. Patricias Robin’, \ Mx. Kem/nc^aivj.

rkmat Smith ^Chamber-Keepers. Benjamin Ramjej, J His Majefly’s Domcftick Servants belonging to the Attorney-General, Sir Thomas Trevor, h:.

His Majefty’s, Sergeants at Law.

Sir George Hutchins, Kt. Sir Nathanael Bond, lit. Sir Ambnfe Philips, Kc. Sir Salathiel Lovell, Kt.Recorder of London

The King’s Learned Councel at Law. William Farerer, fenior, Efq; John Conyers, Efq; VFilliam Cooper, Efq; John Aglmbp Efq; Clarke, Efq; Advocate-General, Sir Thomas Pinfold, Kt. Sergeants tliaj come to the Ear promifeuo; (1

Sergeant Wogan. Sergeant Birth. Sergeant Wright. Sergeant Lurrieb. Sergeant Darnell. S-fg'f' Sergeant Strode. Sergeant Levin^. Serg'Miic KiiingKOf Sergeant Withens. Sergeant Ratvhnfon. Sergeant Jennet. S.rg.-ant .nit chinfin. Sergeant Wpit. ScrgcantO'ew/. yo4 STlje gjcfcnt fetatc Part III, j Sergeant Loved. I Sergeant Goodwin. Servant Fuller. I Sergeant Otrdler. Sergeant Coward. I Sergeant Banyliw. Sergeant Brillitnd. I

A Lilt of bis Majcjlfs Offers and Servants under the Mafter if the Horfe, who is at {refent, HEnr) de Napa, Lord Auverquerque, whofe Salary is Avener, John Latton, Elq; Gentleman of the Horle, Heat) Ireton, Efq; Equerries.

John Latton, Efq; I Charles Dormer, Efq; Hour) Ire ton, Efq; James Cockayne, Efq; William Lloyd Efq; ! Peter Foyer, Richauffee. Roger Pope, Efq; I Henry Poubert, Efq; Pages of Honour.

Robert Riels, Efq; 1 Thomas Harrifon, Efq; Allen Wenimrtb,Z(rp, I William Colt, Efq; Serjeant of the Carriages, James Dapenn, Efq; Mafler of the Srudds, Thomas PfrieEfq; Supervilor of the High-ways, Michael Staiholme, Elq, Surveyors of the Stables. Francis Negus, Efq; 1 Simon de Etienne. Samuel Shute. I Riding Surveyor, Robert Hayes, Efq; Clerk of the Avery, Robert foanley, Efq; Yeoman of the Stirrup, I'erer Paul Gendrault, Riqi part III. of ENGLAND.

Yeoman-Riders.

Frederick Rm,f> John Waolfrade. Clerk of die Stables, EicrtJMvit, Efq; Serjeant-Farrier, Andrew Smye. Marflial-Farricr, Andrew Snaoe. Yeoman-Farrier,Join Willis- Groom-Farriers.

fMMarfltal. I Jofiab Watt'. fin tiewberr). I Squire-Sadler, John Rartlint. Y<.omati-Sadler, Leurence Shaft. Groom-Sadler, John Rawlins. Coach-maker, Samuil Auberj. Purveyors.

Mr. Adam Carckonnel. I Mr. Arthur Fowell. Hr. fames Verjan. I Mr. James Vincent. Riding-Purveyor, Richard Fye, Efq; Mews-sleepers.

Adrian de Milde. i Thomas Eagle. JehnRobfon. j Andrew Guidan- Yeomen of the Carriage. George Lampen. ! Othert Manning.

Sixteen Footmen. Six Coachmen MelTenger, EJn •rd Parfons. Tregooel F:'rampton, Efq; Supervifor of the Race-Horfes it Newmarket, for the Maintenance of I o Boys, their Lodgings,' foe. and for Provifions of Hay, Oats, Bread, and all other Ne- ceffaries for 10 Race-Horfcs, i ooo I. per Annum.

lie Officers and Gentlemen of the Band of Penfs^, HIS Grace the Duke of St. Albans, Captain, whofe Salary is iooo l. per Annum. Hem Herringbam, Efqi Lieutenant, Sal. 5001.. Charles Feme, Efq; Standard-Beater, 5io/. Robert Manley, Efqi Clerk of the Cheque, Sal Thomas Mtler.Efqv Sterr) Knnetm, Efq; Gregor) Weflamb, Efqi Stephen A.jhlcn, Efq; James Creflet, Efq; i SirGerard- Dutton Fleetwood,11 John Charrpante, Erq; Vaitiel Vivian, Efqi Sir John Cooper. Kt. Sir Thomas Koiveton, Ear. Hear) Turner, Efq; Amb. Stckham, Efq; Jofrph Towner, Elqi Thomas Orme, Efq; 1 William Weflamb, Efq; John Ttdambe, Efq; James Gray, Efq; Charles Norton, Efq; 1 Roger Eigerley, Efq; Thomas Boteler, Efq; p»,Efq; Jofepb Wttttehead, Efq; Thomas Pyrke, Efq; I Jin. Freckleton, jwn. Efq; Paul Colton, Efq; Alex. Ba> khan,, Efq; Somtrford Oldfield, Efq; John Grab, Efq; William Cholmondley, Efq; Thomas FrM<£ron,Efqi Thomas Saunders, Efqi Thomas Mafgrave, Efq; Robert Colby, Efq; Hear) Lenm, Efqi rbontasGcry, Efq; Nichsta Id, Efq; I William Older, Elq, Thomas Lloyd, Efq; I William Spencer, Efq; Fee to each of thcfe: 1 heir Pay-mailer, Mum™ »■><■■", ““i> Gentleman-Harbinger, Rtelwid Bufhby, Efq; part III- of ENGLAND.

Officers of the leomn of bis Mayfly's Guard.

nmles Ear! of Mandiefter, Captain. Salary 10:0 /. ftr La Annum. tncmas Maul, Efq; Lieutenant. Sal. 500 f- Robert Sajers, Elq; Standard-Bearer. Sal. 300 /. Charles Han bur), Efq; Clerk of rile Cheque. Sal. 150 /.

At.bnfe Meets, Efq; | 7ain Ef1; RicliardVphill, Efq; I George Daunaflt, Elq; Their Salaries 150 /. each.

TOHNMilward. t 1 William Lawler. J John Scorer. 1 I Philip Andrews. John Inge, I John Dtmfc. Jol.iiKirton. .Yeomen- Herman. Colclt. Nich. Hawkins. 1 Ulhers. Allen Wotton. Robert Kid-.vcll. Thomas Cooper. John Holmden. Thomas Worth. John Lane. j John Dvfon- William Alley. George Barlow. Thomas Banilter. Thomas Colince. William Wheatley. Henry Wood, fenior. Jofcph Collier. Henry Wood, junior. Thomas Thackhtm. George Onyon. John Roberts. Thomas Roberts. Thomas Robinfon. Thomas Pell* Thomas Meade. Bartholomew Tulman; Eraucis. Shopper)'. AnthOEy Browne. Wil- Warn Liur.kcrley. jBL^e^jefent fctate J William°8 Crofs. ' Thomas Arnold. John Arty. George Towfey. William Whalely. John Struck. Andrew Cleeter. Teter Waggoner. Benjamin Totter. Mungo Brand Francis Barnard. William Way. Edward Philips. Benjamin Clarke John Stanton. Andrew Beddingficld. Samuel Savage. John Sherlock. Edward Stacey. Richard Tarrant. Thomas Rogers. George Dawes. John Hancock. John Sooty. William Sutcliffe. James Chamberlain. FawlerMcaton. David Barham. William Browne, fcnior. Elias Bailey. John Rowley. Jofeph Johnfon. George Hewflcr. Thomas Farmer. Thomas Croskell. William Kendrick. JohnSamfon. John Glover. William Hawkins. William Davis. John Lee. Thomas Carpenter. Benjamin Hall. Francis Hill. William Browne, junior. Thomas Werrett. Henry Holloway. Roger Bowden. Thomas Keene. Edward Bathnrft. William Morgan. Marmaduke Spicer. RoberfJEttning. Philip Oldis. ThomaSWjfchard James Marlhall. , Chamber-Keeper) 0 Thomas Smith. Roger Jackfon. of ENGLAND.

he Firjl Troop of his Majtjlfi Horfe Guards, Com¬ manded by the Earl of Albemarle.

i_~ < Adjutant. ' ._ 1 ChaplaiD. -- '. Surgeon. Elje pjcfent &tate Part III.

The Second Troop of his Majefly t Horfe Guards, Commanded in James Duke of Ormond, who takes Toft according; to the Seniority of bis Commtjfm; and fo Commands the Captain 0} the Ftrji Troop. Captain."* rColoneI.

Si, Thomas Smith,1 j Lieutenant- Thomas Pidtney, $ Luu *} | Colonels. Richard Bate,-Corner. [ „ (Major.

K\)t pjefclitfctate PartlH.

Horfe-Grmaihersr THE Honourable George cklmmiley, Captain and Colonel. Henry lreton, Lieutenant-Colonel. Thomai Gay, Major.

Edward Warm, 1 -Lieutenants. I Captains. Robert Dent, J

As for the late Queen's Family , in Confideration that they are but Penfioners, tviiofe Pieces ,.s they die are no more ftp- plied •, and that manv of them have been transferred to t - King and the Duke of Glncejlei’i Services, we have thcuglitW Partlll. of ENGLAND. I1?

Officers and Servants khngina to her Majefy the Queen Dowager* Curt.

EArl of Feverjham, Lord Chamberlain. George Porter, Efq; Vice-Chamberlain. Jir Richard Beeling, Principal Secretary. Gentlemen-Uffiers of the Privy-Chamber. Charles Arundel!, Efq; I Thomas Sands, Efq; Charles Killigrew, Efq; | Rowland Ager, Efq} Gentleman-Ulher, Daily-Waiter, Sir Edw. Hood. Grooms of the Privy-Chamber. Mr. Anthony Vane. 1 Mr. James Windebanh. Mr. John Walthew. | Mr. Zecbariah Bargeois, Gendemen-Ulhers, Quarter-Waiters. Mr. John Maxwell. J Mr. Thomas Whitegrave, Pages of the Prefence. Mr. Wgh Smith. ; Mr. Hugh Jones. Pages of the Btck-Stairs.

Mr. Richard Stephens, fenior. | \f\iliam Murray, Mr. James Cla’he. I Officers belonging to the Robes. Sir ChrifloOher Mufgrave,tdail~r of the Robe=. Mr. David Rowland, Yeoman.

Grooms 4 ffifce ^jefcnt j&tatt Partin,

Grooms of the Great Chamber.

Mr. James Tbackhanu | m__H,

The Conntefs of Arlington. Queen’s-Dreflers.

Lady BeSing. Mn. Ann Roper. Mrs. Philippa Itmple. Lady Sayers, Drefler, laun Mrs. Jane Widdrkgtm. drefsand Starcher. Semftrcfs Barbara Anna de Calvert. Clerk of the Kitchin, Mr.WilliamTardle). Yeoman of the Bake-houfe and Pantry, Mr. the. Faint. Gentleman of the Buttery and Cellar, Mr. John Rafij. Yeoman of the Kitchin, Mr. Emanuel Hic^r. Yeoman of the Scullery, Mr. Robert Fijher.

Officers and Servants belonging to her Majtji’/t STABLES.

Robert Sayers, Eli}; EdmriWiidriniton. Mr. John Cosy. m Part III. of ENGLAND. yif

Coachmen, Two. Chairmen, Four,

Officers of the Queen Dowager’r Revinttc.

LORD Ferrers, High-Steward. Earl of Feverjham, Chancellonr, and Keeper of her Ma« jelly's Great-Seal. Charles Fox, Efq; Treafitrer.and Receiver-General. MtrtjnFonlke, .Efqj Attorney-General. Cbrilicfher Montague, Efq; Sollicitor-Gcneral. Richard Marriot, Efq; Clerk of die Council, and Regiflcr'of Chancer}. Mr. William Knight, Keeper of the Council. Chamber.

Mr. Samuel Hemings, 1 Melfengers. Mr. John Rarr.fm, f

Hie Court or Family of his Roya'-Higbmfs, George, Hereditary Prince of Denmark and Norway, and of the Goths and Vandals, Duke of Schlefwiek, ■Holftein, Stormar, Dickmarih, and Cumberland, Earl of Oldenburg, Delmanhorft, and Kendal, Bam of Wokingham, Knight of the mofi Nol/le Order of the Garter, and one of his Majefiy’s most Honourable Privy-Council, Officers and Servants with their Refpettivt Salaries per An. GEntleman df the Bed-Chamber, and Groom of cl The R ghc Honourable John Lord De La ware-, ftr Annum isaool. Privy-Putfc, and Mailer cf the Robes, Dec Hecr * P!e,ffini ico/.perAitlmm- LI a Grooms 5i6 SC^ $Jjefent State Part IE

Grooms of the Bed-Chamber. Charlei Scarborough, Efq; 200 1. pa Annum. Charla Churchill, Efq; too /. George Churchill, Efq; 200 /. Thomas Manic, Efq; 20° C Pages of the Bach Stairs.

Mr. Peter Lanaci, 101. sJrva'n-' to ^he'pages of the Back-Stairs, Low Panin- ,e Yeoman of the Robes and Barber, Mr. Carfiln Bi^Mri ^°Trealurer of the Houfc and Revenue, and Comptrollet of the Houfc, Sir Benjamin Balbarft , 200 /.

RoyalHighnefs,the. Webb,EG* Gemieman-uiher, Colonel Edmond Webb, Efq; 104 /. Attorney at Law, William Ethrick,K(

Mr. John Law, yd l. per An. Mr. John Anderfen, 561. Captain of the Arm?, Mr. timclh rSchole, loo I. Groom of che Prefence, Mr William humble, 32 /. Groom of the Prefence, Mr. Cujhce, 50 / Yeoman of the Wine-Cellar, Mr. Too. Hapieei, tool. Yeoman of the Beer-Cellar, Mr. Roger Webb^ol. Yeoman of the Wardrobe, Mr- Samuel Oltra/, 501. M,f. Rger. Mr. George Gnr, 401. ^ , Yeoman of'the Scullery, Mr. Roger Webb, 30 /. PartHI. of ENGLAND. J17 Semftjefs and Laundrefs to the Body, Mrs. Dentil} Cm- ^Laundrefs for the Table, Mrs. Jane Gunthorpe, tool. Neceffary Woman, Mrs. Marj Douglafs, i,6I- Ocher Servants. Harbinger, Mr. Geo. Gunthorpe, 30/. Houfekecper at Hlndjor, Mr. Theodore Randue, 30 l. Porter at Cambden-Htufe, Philip Hanchett, 40 /. Porter of rlieTreafury-Offtce, Laurence Sturgis, 24 l. Ringer to Prayers, Job1 Gerr.nd, to /. Gardiner ac Cambdm-Houfe, Richard Watts, no I. Gardiner at Cambden-Koufe Kitchen-Garden , John tyttt, 401. Gardiner at St. Jamss't, Adam Wriiht, 30 (.

Officers and Servants belonging to the Stables.

M After of the Horfe, the Right Honourable theEarl of Sand- nielli for his Horfes Liverics,his Grooms,and Footmen’s Liveries, t&c. in all per Annum, 449 A 13 ’■ 4 <*• Equerries.

Cm 0 Brim, Efq; I Mr. Humphrey Griffith. Mr. St. Lo. 1 And for Horfes Liveries, Lodgings &c. aoS /. each. Clerk of the Stables, Humphrey Griffith, Efq; and for Live- ties, a 08/. Pages of Honour. Samuel Mafliam, Efq; • Henry Hamle), Efq; and for Liveries, 154 l. Yeoman-Rider, Mr. Innorir Sc/wfe; and For Liveries, till. Overfeer of the Stables, Mr. John Miller, $61. His Afliftant, Lelefe Sander, 501. Taylor, Charles Cabin, zoo /. The 518 fiTije f ?tScnt Swate Part IIP • The two Coachmen 86/• per Annum each, and to find the Pofiilioos and Helpers. Six Footmen at ,6 /.each, is 260 /. Linen and Trimming each 5 /. 1 r. IS JO '• 6 S. The two Chairmen, each 391. 17 s. 6 d. FourC-rooms,each 55/. to r. Three Helpers more to the Grooms, eacn 211. 19s. Dog-kccpcr, Peter Ki'k., 100 '• iMafier-Cook, Mr. Jc/mFavnall, So\. Another Mafic'r-Cook, Michael Hmnflef, Sol Second Cook, Henry Dowlc, 50 1. Turn-Broaches, Scourer, ire. altogether S'i I. 17 > 61 Confeftioner, Mr. Geer# Gmtlwpe. Hautboys to his Royal Highnefs.

Hem Cilenw. j J^n p*®en- Stephen Lefevn. I Peter Latmr. John Albert. John shower, Trumpeter. Thomas Chevaltie. \ ' Their total Salary 392 /. The Commijfmeri of his Rojal Highnefs', Snows are

sir Benjamin Bathurji, Knight,7 , . „ Thorn,, Made, Efq; > each loo l. per An. in all Edward Griffith, Efqi 3 Sod. Clerk to the LommiffionerS) Mr. Lancelot Bathnrjt,

Use Court or Family of her Royal Highnefs tit Frincefs ANNofDenmark.

LAdvofthe Bed chamber, and Groom of the Stole, Right Honourable Sard, Countefs of Marlborongh : I Peeper Annum >14001. Ladies of the Bed-Chamber. The Lady Fretcbeville. 1 Fee a oo/. each per Ann The Lady Charlotte Btverwers.f ’ K «pol. ^ partlll. of ENGLAND. yi? Maids of honour. Mti.utm Fraud. ? Mri. IfabeSa Wentworth. >At loo /. each is

Colonel Hem) Sandjs, ySl Chaplains.

Dr' John Tounger. Dr. William Grahme, Dean of Carltjle. Clofet-Keeper, Mr. Charles Lucas,i\ 1. Pages of the Back-Stairs. Mr. Edward Brown, j Air. Jobs Fstfttr. Mr, John Bonin. I Mr. Gilbert AbrabalL At 6 51. each, l6°/. Gentlcmcn-Waiters. Mt. Roger Cooper. ' • Mr, Edward Hanifon. At 56/. each, is in/. Mu/ician, Mr. 77m. Paijtble, 501. Ncccffary Woman, Mis. FoyJten^S /•

ll 4 cfg 520 Stye gjttrnt Swate Partin.

Officers and Servants btlinnr.g to the Stables. MAfter of the Horfe, the Right Honourable J&n Lord VifcountFir^rrfing^andfor his Horfes Liveries 408/.

^Equerry, HathCfodleigb,Efq; and for ditto 14$ I. Pages of Honour

Mr. Mr. Eight footmen at 3$ 1. each, and 5]. is. for Linen, 146!. 6s. Three Coachmen at 861. each per dunam, and are to pay their Poftilions ar.d Helpers out of it. One Groom at 53 !• TwoChairmtn, 791. 15s. Lady-'Governcfs to their Royal Highnefs’s Children. The Right Honourable Barbara Vifcountefs Fit^Har&l, 4001. per Annum.

A Lift of t'lt Family r,f his Royal Hsglnefs the Duke of Gloucefter. GOverr.our John Eatl of Marlborough. Deputy-Governour, and Gentleman of theBcd-Cham. ber, George Sayers, Efq; Prteceptor, Gilbert .ford Bifnop 0f Sarum. Sub-Pratceptor, Richard nillis, Dofior of Divinity, Almoner, Umnel Pratt, Doftor of Divinity. Mathematick Mailer,-Nerrtm, Efq; French Mailer, Monfieur Perfide. Tutor to the Pages of Honour, Mr. William Ctagg.

Grootnt of the Bed-Chamber. '

Mfc? 1 J«Efq; Pages of Honour.

| Gilbert Burnet, Efiji

Pages of the BackStairs. ipemtiere. | Lam nee Sexton, eper, George Rice. roman, Mary Hatdmfon. GemlemenlKhers. unity, Kt. ! Thomas Lijler, Efq; Gentlemen-Waiters. I Oldii. \ Mr. Thomas Pattack: Pages of the Prefence. ■ Tlemmington. j Mr. William Fell), naker, Mrs. Elizabeth Arkirfm. ie Kitchen, AaJretv Tofts, Eiq; ok, Mr. JohnDiffeis. it the Wine and Bccr-Celiar, Pantry and Ewry, ft. eCotnmifiioner;, Air. John Sat. and Scmftrcfs of the Body, Mrs. Ann La vine. of the Table, Mrs Appleford, he -lorfe, John Lord Churchill. Veter Wentworth, Efq; nn.uevor. and Clerk of the Stables, Mr. Car* pz gjtfm &tate Part RL

Coachir.cn. Wil&tm IM/fsn. ! John dfffiine.

Footmen. Vmidmris. I John Shepherd. Wibiam Nightingale. I John Dyffill. JfaacTyfall. | Thomat Harden;

A Lift of lie feveral Officers of his Majcjlft Cent of KING’SBENCH.

LORD Chief Juflice, Sir John Halt, Kt. The other Juftices are Sir Thomat Rokeby, Kc. Sir John Turton, Kt. Sir Henry Gould, Kt. Crown-Office. Clerk of the Crown, Sir Samuel Aft ret, Kt. His Secondary, Simon Haraurt, Efq;

Entring Clerks. Mr. Rob. Selyard, Clerk of theRules. Mr. Richard Horton. . ■ Mr. Robert Wtntour. Mr. lions/ Fanfare. I Mr. William Leighton, Mr. William Eyres. I Mr. Emanuel Parser. Mr. Benedilt Brown. I Mr. Henry Maiflerman. Mr. Rice Foulke. | Mr. Edward Crook;. Clerks of the Amercements of Iffucs.

Mr .Emanuel Parrej. j Mr .John Davie t. Thefe paitffl. of ENGLAND. jzj

Thefe attend upon the Puifne Judge of the faid Court the lift Day of every iftuable Term •• and carry up to the Exche- j«r the Eftreat of the Iffues, and deliver it in upon Oath to the Chief Baron of the faid Court. Prothonotaries Office. Chief Clerks or Prothonotaries, Rowland Holt,EXqi Robert Coleman, Gent. Secondary, Giles Clar\, Gent. Deputy for iigning Writs, and Clerk for filing of the De¬ clarations, Mr. Thomas Bmmfieli. CIctkof the Remembrances orDoggets, Mr. Robert War- Clerk of the Bails and Pojleai, Mr. Francis Thaclier. Cajlos Bre-.ium, and Nifi-Prius Office. Tomas Gtoiinge, Sergeant at law, and Thomas Gooial, Efq; Keepers of the Writs and Records of the Court of Ring! Bench, Matters of the Office for making up, examining and fealing all the Records of and ifs-Prim ot that Courc wherefoever triable, and Clerks of the Effiigns, and War¬ rants of Attorney, and Clerk of the Treafury. The Clerks under them for making up the Records through¬ out England, are Mr. John Todd. \ Hr. Henry Boult. Mr. John Holliman. Mr. Thomas Gooding. Mr. James Hooton. | Mr. William TuSie. Deputy Clerk of thelnncr-Treafury, Mr.ffrary Boult. Deputy Clerk of the Outward freafuty,' Mr. Wiliam ' Two Bat-Bearer:, -atv ca r.' '.hcRe'OrdstnroCcurt. of the --iu-.h t’rifon, GoofreyGimhirt, Efq;

Clerks P4 gjefcnt &tate Parc IE

Clerks of the Papers on the Plca-fide. Mr. Robert Stone. } Mr. Aim Raynee.

Clerk of the Rules, Mr. Robert Pugh. His Deputy, Mr. Pickering. Clerk of the Errors, Mr, Petit. Sealer of the Writs, Mr. Pepys. A chief Crier, two under-Criers, two Ulhers, and four Tipftaves. The Filacers and Exigentcrs of the Kings-Bcnch. Mr. Robert Hafiings, Barklhire. Mr. Thomas Stateham, Mr. John Green. DevomTtire. Mr. George Woodfon, Yorklhire. Mr. William Tniford, EiTex Mr. John Pry, Gloucefter. Mr. Wiliam Hafiings, Mr. Jonathan Rmenhil, Hertford. Mr. Tmma< Bathurfi, Kent. Mr. John B-wning, Lincoln, Mr. John Fry, London and Middlf, Mr. Herns Dodd, Mr. Philip Hodges, -Somerfctlh. Mr. Robert Curtis, Scffex. Mr. Samuel Porter. Wilts. Mr. Robert Hyde, Newcaflle. Mr. James Mead, Eriflol.

Mr. Simcn Fuler,

Hr James Fuler, Ear.

Dorfer, Huntington Mr. Simon Fuller, C and 3 Leieeller.

Mr. John Smith, part HI. of ENGLAND. py \ Norfolk and Mr. Simon Fuller, j Northampton. XNorthumberland and Sir James Fuller, Bar. s Nottingham. Sir James Fuller, Ex. Rutland. James KWioa/e, Efq; Salop. Mr. Simon Fuller, Southampton. Mr. William Hawbrey, Stafford. Sir James Fuller, Bar. Suffolk. Sir James fuller. Bar. Warwick. XWeftmorland and Mr. Simm Fuller, S Worcefter.

Mr. William Bemet, lowh of Nottingham. Mr. William Oibum, Kingdom^™ Hull. '7otrn of Southamp- Mr.- > ton and City of J Canterbury. City of Coventry. Mr. Simon Fuller, jCiryof Exeter.

Mr. Henr) Owen, City of Gloucefler. 'SCity of Lincoln. (cityof Norwich. Mr, Simon Fuller, fdty of Litchfield. \City of Worctffer. jTesrn of Pool. Si6 SEtjc $}t lent &tate Piititt

A Lifi of the Officers of the Court of Chancery. LORD Chancellonr, John Lord Smut. Matter of the Rolls, Sir John 7revor, Kt. Secretary to the Matter of the Rolls, Mr. John Raprliitfin. Twelve Matters in Chancery. Sir John Trevor, Kc. Roger Meredith, Efq; Sir Lacon William Child, Kt. John Metbain, Efq; Sir John Hoskins, Kc. Samuel Keck, Efq-,. Sir John Franklin, Kt. Sir Richard Holford, Kt. Sir Robert Lcgard, Kt. Thomas Pitt, Efq; John Edisbury,-LLD. Henry #en>to/i,LLD. The Six Clerks. Eafil Hem, Efq; I John Highlord, Efq; John Suffield, Efq; Nathanael Bernardijlon, Efq; John Trevor, Efq; I William Lamb, Efq; Clerk of the Crown, Thomas chute, Efqi Prathonotary of the Cfiurc. Goftelow Snoot, Efq; Clerk of the Hanaper, Henry Seymour, Efq; His Deputy, Mr. Edward Seimour. Warden of the Fleet,William Weeden Ford,Efq; Serjeant ac Arms, Thomas Charnock., Efq; Two Examiners. William Emertolt,Efqi ■ Ralph Hough, Efqi Three Clerks of the Petty-Bag.

John Dawling, Efq; Daniel Bland, El'qi Sexander Griffith, Efq;

Sit Six Clerks of the Rolls-ChippeL Mr. Henry Wat fen. Mr. John Woodford. I Mr. William Grimes. Mr. •-Lawton. Mr. Thomas Venpy.

Their Deputy, Mr. Hich. ml;. Ucrkof the Patents, Charles Cox, Efq; . His Deputy, Thomas Broo^, Efq;

Principal Regifler, Charles Duke of St. ABatts. Deputy Regiffers,

Rcgifiers for the Rolls. Mr. Edward Goldrbrough. ■ Mr. Richard Price. Clerk of the Reports, and Keeper of the old Book, Rh. thud gsrn/oM1, Gent. Keepersof other Entry-Books, Robert Denerjjh, Gent. Henry Deveni/h,Genc. yz8 ffilie ^jefcnt State Part III Mr. Abraham Sljnnir far Eflexand Bert*. Mr. Samuel Layton, ) Mr. Jfcnr? Mtrfin, > For lonrfon and IFiZ/ww Fi(by Ef

Alienation Office.

Peregrine Bertie, Efq; } y«me* Sanderfon, Efq; > CommiflioneK. William Glamile, Efq; J Matter in Chancery,.George Morley, Efq; Receiver, Mr. Nicholas Whitaker. Clerk of the Enrollments, Mr. Bernard Halfpeny. Clerk of the Entries, Mr. Thomas Webb. Partin. of ENGLAND. J*9

A Lift of the Offian of the Court of Common-Pleas.

£ORD Chief Juft ice, Sir Gear# Treby, Kr. Sir Edward Nevill, Kc. ? Sir John Powell, Kt. > Juftices. Sir John Bienne, Kt. 3 Cujhu Brevm: Office. This Office belongs to the Lady Ajh. Sworn Mafter, William Thnribj, Efq; His Secondary, Mr. Jofefb T.ties.

Chief Prothonotary, John Cool•, Efq? His Secondary, Mr. Richard Cook. Second Prothonotary, Thomas Winford, Efq; His Secondary, Mr. liickolai Holt. Third Protiionotary, William Tempej}, Efq; His Sc- ondary, Mr. Ceo^e Coot;. Chirogtapoers Office. Robert Bird, Efq; Mafter in truft for Mint ague Drake, Efq; Secondary, Mr. John Storer. Clerks of the Office. Mr. nomas Newman, ' Mr. Nathanael Herbert. Mr. Peter Storer, Mr. —..Vit'daard. Mr.,Michael Ol)d. Mr. Richard Campion* Mr. 'jofepb hijcoe. | 3 o Sfoe ^JCfcKt &tate Part II Clerk of the Treafmy, Mr. Edward Milieu . Clerks of th t Jurats or Under-Clerks of the Treafur).

Clerk of the Enrollments of Fines and Recoveries, Mr, Edward Mills. ■ His Deputy, Mr. William Gaud): Clerk of the Errors, Mr. Edmund Dimmer. Clerk of the Vtkmries, Nit.Baldwin. Clerk of the King’s Silver-Office, Henry Ludlow, Efq; His Deputy, Mr. Arden. Clerk of the Warrants, Mr. William Eajt. ■ His Deputy, Mr. Cock- Clerk of the Juries, Mr. Windham. His Deputy, Mr. Hamhden. Clerk of the Effoigns, Mr. William Hall. Clerk of the Superfedeai, Mr. Humphrey. Filazers of the Court of Common-Pleat. \ London and Mr. Buifield, J Middlefex. *» Huntington and Mr. Brook., $ Cambridge. ' 7 Norfolk and the Oil) Mr. /%'«» ' / of Norwich. 7 Lincoln and Cit) •/ Mr. Jackson, f Lincoln.

Mr. Alp, Suffolk. 7 Effex and Mr. Herbert. J Hertford. ■) Kent, Suffex, and Mr. Bicknall, 5 Surrey. Partin. of ENGLAND. y?r „ 7 Devonfliire mitheCit? Mr.tolfa . . , / of Exeter.

l The City «/ Briftol, JMr. Carpenter, - Count} if Somerfet, } nrj Town of fool. kWarwickfliire, Lcice- ilerihire, Nottingham- Mr. Clark.of Cliffird's-Im, ► (hire, Derbyfhirc, City . of Coventry, andTown ) 0/ Nottingham.

Mr. Clark ibid.

YViltlhire, Hamlhire, Mr. Ritfcr, and theTmii of South’ l hampron. Bcfordfhire, Berklhirc, Mr. Child, Buckioghamfhire and Oxfordfhire. VGIoucellerihire, Citj of ' Gloucefter, Worce- Mr. Dottin, k fterfhire, Citjof Wor- celler, Cornwal ami 1 Hereford. orkftiire, City of York, Mr. Stringer, Town of Kingilon up¬ on Hull. ^Northumberland, / Weftmorland, Mr, Orun, > Cumberland, and \ Town of Newcdfllc upon ) Tyne. Mr. ratty Monmouth. mi The ff&e ^jricnfi&taw PartiH

The Four Esig'enters.

Sir; William Avery, I Mr. — Norcliff. to- -!—J—r Cotton-. I Mr. John Panins (hi. There are four Criers and a Porter belonging to this Court.

A Lift of the Officers of the Court of Exchequer. r ORD Chief Baron, Sir EdrtariWard^c.

sir Nick. Ltthmere, Kt. p Sir Littleton Pmis, Kt. h Barons. Sir Henry Hatfell, Kt. J Curlitor Baron, Sir William Simpfon, Kt. Tbt King's Remembrancers Office.

The Bing's Remembrancer, Evelyn Vifcount Fanjhatr. Sworn Mailer, Henry Ayloff, Efq; His Deputy, Mr.—r Barker. The eight Attorneys of the Office.

George Walts, Efq; 1 secondaries. Francis Butler, Efq; J

Mr. Gabriel Armiger j Mr. TjTrtflL Mr. William Batburjf. j Mr. John Thomson. Mr- William Walker. | Mr. John Hamjm the LordTrtafnrer’s Remembrancers Office.

leonarithomfon, Sfq; Remembrancer. Firft de^on.lai y add mlazer, John Taylenre, Erq, Second Secondary, duties Batteley, Efq; Attorneys or fworn Clerks, iawamd. | Mr. Henry Ihom’on. tjllanftn. I Mr. Thomas Maddox Partlll. of ENGLAND. HJ The Pipe Office.

Clerk of the Pipe, the Lord Robert Ruffin. His Deputy, Peter Fronde, Efq; The eight Attorneys, or fworn Clerks there. Secondary and firft Attorney, Walter Walinpr, Efq* Secondary, ThomaiCole, Efqi Mr. Jffirb Cramer. j Mr. Peter Fronde. Mr, Charles Milbmrne. I Mr. Philip Tullte. Mr. William Wroth. I -Ur. Chalet Hmtbj. Comptroller of the Pipe, Jofcn Fotthter, Efq; Office of Pleat. Clerk of the Pleas, Tmmai Marriot, Efq; The Four Attorneys. Secondary, and firll Attorney, Tbomttt Arden, Mr. Samuel Anderlon. I Wr_ _ Mr. David Fielder. I Foreign Oppofer, Chalet Whitaker, Efq; Clerk of the Eftrcats, John Haftingt, Efq; Auditors of the Impreft, Broo^ Bridgcst Efq*, e, Efq; Auditors of the Revenue.

Atitbtmr Par font, Efq; I 7oi„ syUt, Efq; William Aldnorth, Efq; I J ■ Auditor for the Principality of Walet, The Honourable Ralph Grej, Efq; His Depot.', Mr. Chetain. Auditor for the Dutchy ot Cornwall, The Honourable Cbarlet btrii e,Efq; Firfi-Fruits Office. Remembrancer of the Firft-Fruits and Tenths, John Fenn, Efq; His Deputy, Rob. Butler, Efq; M m 5 Clct* S^epjetent&tute Part HI

Clerks of thcOffice.

Receiver of the Firft-Fruits, WiShm Glanvile, Efq; Comptroller, William Baher, Efq; Deputy Chamberlains, Mr-Smith, Mr. Henry M,x. Chief U (her of this Court, and Hereditary Proclamatorof the Court of Common-Pleas, who hath under him four Ulhtrs and fix Medeogers, John Walter, Efq; the ether Part of the Exchequer, for receding and rfithw/itj the King’j Revenue. The Office of Lord-High-Treafurer of Enghuii, is at pre> Pent managed by Commiflioners, whofe Names are as fot loweth: The Right Honourable Charkn ThcSof Ta^erville, ! Commiflioners of the Sir Stephen Fox, Kc. ; Treatury. John Smith, Rfq; i HerryBnle, Efq; J Their Secretary, William Lownis, Efq;

Chamberlains of the Exchequer. Sir Hicholas Steward, Kt. Charles Cole, Efq; Auditor of ihe Receipts of the Exchequer, Chri/Iopher *»■ t^ne.Efq; Clerk of the Veils, Henry Pelham, Efq; The Four Tellers. The Honourable Thomas Howard, Efq; ._. The Right Honourable John Lord Vifcounr Fitz.-Hardin{. Part III. of ENGLAND. J?f ThcDcpu1 ies of the two Chamberlains who cleave the Tal- nine each Piece apart, are John Low, Efq; and pita k Neve, Gent. ulher of the Receipt, John Tapkr.'m, lifter and Tally-Cutter, Samuel Edwin, Elq; His Deputy, John Thrak, Gem. At the Receipt of the Exchequer, Four Meflengers, Pitent-

Mr. WiEiam Wickctt. \ Mr. Samuel Clark, Mr. Jo[. Richard,. \ Mr. John Barret.

[ Jit Court of tht DutcbyCbamber of Lancalter Weliininltcr.

CHancellour, Thoma, Eatl of Stamford. Vice-Chancellour, Sir JofephTtllj, ht. Attorney-General, Edv. Nortbey, Eiqi C|«k of the Duchy, Cheek.GerrArdy Efq; Receiver-General Sir John Elwei, He, ' Auditor of the North, John Fanfluw, Efq, Auditor of the South, John Van Efq, Attorney-General for Lancafia, hem; Ajharjl, Efq; Deputy-Clerk, Ben;. ^fcjJe.Genr. Dtpucy-Regifler, John Baker, Gem. Ttvo Attorneys, Rich. Hatband, Gent. Tho. #emt,Gent. Deputy-Auditor of the North and South, John Bernier, Efq; Ulher, Edward Coke, Efq; Mcfleneer Samel Oilibrand, Gent.

A Lift of the Sheriff, appointed by hi, Majeftyfor the Tear 1699.

BErklhire, John Head, Efq; _ Bedfordfh. Johnde la Fountains, Efq; Buckinghamfh. John Spark}, Efq; ^6 SCJje State Part III. Cornwall, Edmund Pridcaux, Efq; Cumbt rlind, Tktmas Daws, Efq; Ctiefiiirc, fhmai Delves, Efq; Cambridgelh. and Huntingcotifli. William Everjdon of Evtrf don, Efq; Devonfhire, Sir John Elvtll, Kt. Derbyshire, Gdorje Saville, Efq; Dorfer, William Okeden, Efq; Eflex, Samel Wake, alias Jim,Efq; Gloucdler, Nathanael Stephen, tfq; Herelordlhire, William Gregory, Efq; Hercfordltire, Nicholas AnfeB, Efq; Kent, John Amhurfl, Efq; Leicefteifliirc, John Bamhrig, of Lockingtan, Efq; Lincolnfliire, Francis Grantham,Efq, Monmoulhfhirc, Wiliam Blevm, Efq; Northumberland, Ralph Scurf eld, Efq; Northampconfhire, Thomas Langham, Efq; Norfolk, Matthew Long, Efq; Nottinehamfliire, Robert Porter, Efq; Oxfordfhire, Wiliam Hinds, Efq; Rutland Ihire, ChtiftopherClithtne, Efq; 5 olop, Sir Francis Charleton, Hr. SomcrfetTiirc, Smart Geodenow, Efq; Scaffordlhirc, Waller Lander, Efq; Suffolk, Thomas Aldridge, Efq; Souihampton, william Salmon, Efq; Surrey, Edward Wgen,Efq; Sulfcx, Henry Bray, Efq; • Yorkfhire, John Lambert, Efq; Warwickfhire, William Colemore, Efq; Wcftmortland, The Earl of Thanet, Hereditary Slicirfi. Worceflrrfhirc, Giles Farfms, Efq; willfhire, JohnCarleoi Turley, Efq;

W si L E S. A Nelefey, Fierce Llord, Efq; r\ E-ecnockfh, Sir Edw. William, Rt. Cardiganfb. Roderick Richards, Efq; Caemurtlienfh. Griffith Williams, Efq; Car- partlll. of ENGLAND. j37 Carnarvanfh. Richard Vaughan, Efq, Dcnbighfh- tbomai Jones, of enigma, Efq; fkrnfh. Roger Penant, Efq; Glamorganlh, John Whitewig of Marlfton in Berhj, Efq; Merioneth, Wiliam Levis Anwell, Efq; Montgomery, John Cole, Efq; Pemhrokelh. William Scourpeld, Efq; Radnor, Richni Valentine Vans oi Ludhw, Efq;

A Lift of bis Majeftfs F.ro Eftabliftrmen'

Regiments of HORSE. Number of Hen and FRST Troop of Guards commanded by I Officers. the Earl of Albemarle, Second Troop, commanded by the' Duke of Ormond, The Third Troop, by the Eatl Rivers, Troop of Horfe-Granadeers, by Colonel Chhmnddey, Royal Regiment of Horfe, the Eerlof OxfordColonel, Sir Francis lean : a, Lieu¬ tenant-Col Henri Road Major, Queen’s Regiment, Harr Ittw/eyCoIo- nel, William Palmer Lieutenant-Colonel, j ttsmasCrowtber Major, Wood’s Regiment, Con. VVood Colom Matthew Duct Moreton Lieutcnant-Colom Aran's Regiment; Charles Errl of Ar¬ ran Colonel, Roger Pope Lieutenant-'' ' (el, George Kcllum Major,

Sshon* chard Roj/irer, Major, Queen’s Dragoons ; Wiliam Lkyd Colonel,_— Lieutenant-Colo¬ nel, Francis (jure, Major, Effex'i Dragoons ; Algernon Earl of EJJex Colonel, Henry Hanker Lieutenant- Colonel, George Holgate Major,

F00TC0 HFAKIES. Firft Regiment of Guard;, Henry Ear of Romney Colonel, Henry Withers Lieute nant-Colonel, JdnShrimpton Major, Coldflrcam, or fecond Regiment o Guards; John Lord Cults Colonel, Vt/illi am Matthew! Lieutenant-Colonel/Ki//Mn Matthews Major, BrigadierSelwj/n’s Regiment; Wilhan Sflwyn Colonel, Richard Billing Lieutenant Colonel,-Doffe Major, Major-General ChurchilFi Regiment Charles Churchill Colonel, Henry Peyfo, Lieutenant-Colonel, Francis Negus Major BrigadierTrelawneys Regiment; tfenr Irelawne) Colonel, Ifrymrro Rook Lieute nant-Colonel, Charles Carrill Major, Total of Hoife, Foot and Dragoons in f4° SCIje gjefent S&tate Part III.

A Lift of the Cenfiables, Goverrtours of Co files and GariJ’on'd Places.

BErwick, Major-General Levifon. Beaumaurice-Cajl/e, Richard Lord Bulleley. Carnarvan-Ca/l/e, Charles Earl ot Radnor, Conftablc. Carlifle, Charles Earl of CarliJIe. ■ Chefter, Colonel Roger Kirby. Dover and Cinque-Ports, Henry Earl of Romney. Gravefendumt Tilbury ColtmeiVViMam Selreyn, Gucrnfey, chriftopher Vifaunt Haim. HoIy*Tftand, Major-General Levifon, Govemour. Harlcigh-Cape, Charles Nicolas Eyrt, Efq; Conftablc. Hull and Block-houfe, Thomas Duke of Leeds. Hurll-Callle, Samuel Pitman, Efq; Jerfey-lfland, Lord Jermin. Landguard-Forr, Cohnel Jones. Sr. Miv/c-Caflle, Hugh Btfcaaen, Efq; Pendennis-Ca/lfe, Sir Btvill Granville. Plymouth and St.Nicholas-Ifland, Charles trelamy, Efq; Porrfmouth, Major-General Erlt. Stnigite-Caflle, Colonel Henry Oxenden. Sandon -Cafile, Colonel Thomas Mat ft. Sheernefs, Robert Crawford, Efq; Scilly-lfland,-—Godolphin, Efq; Tinmouth-Cajl/f, Henry Vtlliers, Efq; Tilbury, Brigadier Selwyn. Tower of London, Robert Lord Lucas. Upnor-CuJ?/f, Colonel Roufs. Walmore-CajHe, Sir Abraham Jacob. Iflc of Wighr, John Lord Cults. Windfor-CaJf/e, Henry Duke of Norfolk, Conftablc. Cafthot Cajlle, William Knapton, Efq; Deal-Cajl/e, Admiral Aylmer. part HI. of ENGLAND. J4*

A Lift of the Govemouri of bis Aiajcflfs Territories in America. NEw-England, New-York, and New-Hamplhire, Richard Earl ofBttonl. Virginia, Sir Edmond Andros, Maryland, Colonel Francis Sicbolfon. Barbados, The Honourable Ralph Gray, E/y; Jamaica;Sir Wiliam Beefton. Uward-Iflands, Cbriftopher Cediringfon.Efq; Bermudas, Samel Day, Efq-, HudfonV-Bay, Captain James Knight. Newfound-land, Carolina and Penfilvania, are governed b; their rejpeS'ne Proprietors, who have their Deputies. ' Pay-Mailer General of the Land-Forces, Richard Earl of Ranelagb. His Deputy, Mordecai Abba:, Efq; Cafhcer, Edvard Paunceford, E(q; Secretary to my Lord, Mr. Brjan Mortagh. Commilfary-Gencral of the Mullers, The Lord Walden. His Deputy, David Crawford Efqj Secretary at War William Blaithwatt, Efq; Chief Clerks, Mr. Aiamde Cardonned, Mr. Wat{ir,s. Judge-Advocate, George Clarke, Efq; Marlhal of the Horfe-Guards, Mr. Smith, Cliirurgeon-General, Monficur Van Loan.

A Lift of ibe Nantes of bis Mafeftfs Lcrds-Lieute- Ttants of the fveral Counties and Flacet within the Kingdom of England and Dominion of Wales, put in Alphabetical Order. BEdfordihire, William Duke of Bedford. Berkfllirc, /AnrpDuke of Nsrf.:^. Bucks 7«&n Earl of Biidgivatcr, Cam- EE|e gjcfm fetate Part IQ; f4* Cambtidgelhire, William Duke of Bedford. Chefhire, Richard Earl Riven. Cornwall, Charier Earl of Radnor. Cumberland, Charier Earl of Carlijlt. Devonlhire, Tbmar Earl of Stamford. Derbyfb. William Duke of Devonfhire. Dorfcifh. Charier Duke of Bolton. Effex, ' Aubrey Earl of Oxford.

6l0UBriftof’ CharlerKtrlol Berkeley.

Hereford fh. Charier Duke of Shrewsbury. Hertlordfh. Algernon Earl of Effex.' Humingtonlh. Charier Earl of Manchejler.

°f,hl } Henr;E*lof Romne;.

Lancafh. Charier Earl of Macclesfield. Leiccflerlh. John Earl of Rutland. ., Lincolnlh. Robert Earl of Lindfey. p William Duke of Bedford, in the Middlefex, > Minority of the Marquefs of J Taviflofe.

Monmoutlifh. Thomas Earl of Pembroke. Northumberland, ^ Richard Earl of Scarbrough. Durham, \ Charier Earl of Peterborough and Northampton^. J Monmouth. Norfolk, Henry Duke of Sorfolf. Nottingliamlh. John Duke of Uemcafile. Oxfordlh. Thomat Lord Wharton. Rudandfli. Bennet Lord Sherrard. Salop, Francis Earl of Bradford. , Somerfctfb. James Duke of Ormond. Stafford Ih. William Lord Paeett. South- PartlU. cf ENGLAND. 143 Southampton, Charles Duke of Bolton. Suffolk, Charles Lord CcrntPaHis, Surrey, Henry Duke of Norfolk. Suffcx, ChorlesEori of Dorfet. Wirwicklh. George Earl of Northampton. Wcltmorland, Charles Earl of Carlifle. Wiltlh. 7ioim< Earl of Pembroke,

Yorklh. and City of York, Thomas Duke of Leeds. NORTH-WALES.

Aijlefty, kCharles Earl of Macclesfield, Carnaryanlh. . Merioneth!!!. l SOUTH-W ALES. Glamorganfh. Brecknocklh. Radnorfh. jrAomdr F-arl of Pembroke and Caermarthenfli. f Montgomery. IJembrokefh. Cardigandi.

A Lift of bis Majefift Royal-Navy.

Firft Rates. Mu. Men. G*ns. Rates. Men. Guns. Sf. Andrew. 750 100 5 Queen. 780101 Britannia. 780 100 j viftory. 780 ioi ft.George. 710 10a I Royal William. 780 10a London. 700 101 I Second %\)t ^efent'jMate Partin, 144

Second Rates.

Rata. Mm. Gum. \ Rates. Meet. Gm Albemarle. SSo 90 Neprune. 660 50 Affociation. 660 90 I OITory. Duke. 660 90 1 Vanguard. 66°o V Dutchefs. 66 0 90 Barfleur. 660 50 St. Michael. 660 90 Rnjal Katharine. 660 92 I Sandwich, (60 50

Third Rates.

Men. Gm,' Berwick. 7° Lancaftcr. 4do 70 Burford. . 4«° 7° lenox. 460 70 Breda, Seta. 460 70 Monmouth. Boyne. 44° 7° Cambridge. 480 70 460 70 Chichefter. 4^? 7° Northumberland. 465 70 Captain. 4^* 7° Norfolk. 464 70 Cumberland. 4^°. 7° Refolution. 4S5 71 Defiance. 46° 7° Reftauration. 4<5 JS Doifetlhire. 4^° 7° ; Revenge, Sew. 47° 75 Devonfhirc. 4^° 70 Royal-Oak. 4^° 7n Expedition. 46° 7° | Rupert Eagle. 4*° 7o Ranelagh. Elizabeth. 47° 7S Ruffell. Edgar. 4<>S 7S Srerling-Caftle. Effex. 4*° 7° Suffolk. Grafton. 46° 7° Swiftfure. Hampton-Court. 460 75 Shrewsbury. Humber. 4

Fouri ffilje fietent&tate Part 111.

24 Maidftonc. 16 Mariana. 24 Newport. > 14 Queenborough. Part III. of ENGLAND. f47

Lords Commijfwnirs of tbe Admiralty.

■tOHN Earl of Bridgwater. J John Lord Haverjham. Sir Robert Rich, Kc. Sir George Ratty, Kt. Sir David Mitchell, Kt. The Salary to each, ioco /, (er Amum. Jeftah Barchet, Efq-, Secretary, 800 l. per An. Admirals of the'Fleetlaft employed. • 7 Admiral, Earl of Orford. Red. > Vice-Admiral, Matthew Aplmtr, Efq; 3 Rear-Admiral, Marquifs of Carmarthen. 7 Admiral, Sir Clandeftp Shovel!. Blue. > Vice-Admiral, Sir David Mitchell. 3 Rear-Admiral, Join BMiiow, Efq; Accidental Admiral now employ’d. Join Benfow, Efq, in the Weft-Indies.

An Account of the lap Patents -which have heert granted to Vice-Admirals in England and Wales during this prcfent Reign.

Vice-Admiralties. Vice-Admirals.

rn?-C.°"nt5' Pa’atjne 0f ? Charles Lord Brandon,now VJ Chtfter,md CountyPalatmei* F„M lu„i„{..u of Lancafter, 3 Harlot Maciespeia. } “'srs"4'."' Vice- t48 ffi&e Indent State Part IE ' vice-Admiralties. Vice-Admirals. CunmB, South Pans, Henry trclmnq, Efq;

Venn, and City, and j, George Conrtnef, Efq; County of Exon, Dor/iv, and Town, and County of Pool, Effit, Sir I/iurc fteiow,Kt. Gloitcijler, Sir John Guife, Ear. ") Hen1) Lord Vifcount Sidney, Kent, j" now Earl of Rome/. Geotie Lord Vifcount CaJIUtio.' Sir Charles Kemp, Ear.

Norfolk,, and City, and Charles Loti Pajhn, County of Norrtich, Northumberland, B’lfliop- rick of Durham, and Town Richard Lord Vifcount J.mlej, and County of Neacaflle- bow Earl of Scmbmutb, upon Tine, sir Rub. Kicfr, lit. and Ear. Sir John Pelham, Bar.

Southampton and the 1 Charier Marquifs of It'iahejler, lfle of Wight, S now Duke of Bolton, Srnrnfit, and City and! Hi Efq; Coumy of Brijtol, J i Sir John Loathe? of Wblltbt-

Tori',and City,and Cc Aithur Vifcount Lain of foe City of Tod / Kingdom of Sntiaid. l/ufar, Motth Paris, Hugh Nnnimy, Efq; joint Earl of ember}, of dc Kingdom oi Ireland. Coni' PartHI. 1 of ENGLAND. f49

Commiffioners in genera!.

Benjamin Timewell, Efq; Matthew Aylmer, Efqj Four Principal Officers of the Navy.

Trea furer, Sir Thomas Littleton. Comptroller, Sir diehard Haddock., Kr. Surveyor, Edmund D»mmer,Efq; Clerk of Che Afts, Charles Sergifon, Efq; Commiffioners of the Navy. Comptroller of the Purfers Accompcs, Sir Chudefly St> veil, Kt. „ . , , Comptroller of the Treafurcrs Accompts, Dennis Lyd- Comptrolkr of the Store keepers Accompts for the feveral Yards, Thomas Wthfliire, Efq; Commiffioner at Fortfmoutli, Henry Orienhill, Efq; Commiffioner at Chatham. Sir Edw. Gregory, Kt. Commiffioner at Flimouth, George St. Li, Efq; Commiffioners for viftualling the Nary-

Thomas Papllon, Efq; Sin™ Maine, Efq; John Burlington, Efq; Officers of his Majefty’s Yards. At Chatham. Clerk of the Cheque, Jeremy Gregory. Store-keeper, Baldwin Ktsfpa. Maher-Attendants, Satrf.n Bourn and Barak Buts. Matter-Shipwright, Daniel Fwrer. His AffifUnts, VFtStum Lee, Benj. Rofwed. Clerk of the Survey, Charles Finch. At Clerk of the Survey, John Pilman. At Porbfmoutb. Clerk of the Cheque, Abraham Tilgbman. Store-keeper, William Cooper. MalUr-Attcndants, Edm. Barret and Robert Chattel- Malkr-S'nipwri; hr, Elias Waffe. His Affiflants, Jojepb Allen, John Lcc\. Clerk of the Survey, Hem) Hull. At Sheernefi. Clerk of the Cheque, RihardHale. Store-keeper, Roger Daniel. Maller-Attecdant, Henry Morgan. Maflcr-Shipwright, Robert Shorlis. Clerk of the Survey, John Phillips. At Plimoutb. Clerk of the Cheque, John Addis. Store-keeper, Terrpejl Holms. Mailer-Shipwright, Thomas Podd. Mailer-Attendant, Thomas Stellard. Clerk of the Survey, Richard Lea, Part III. of ENGLAND.

/ Catalogue of the Baronets of ths Kingdom of Eng- hnif from the ff Creation of that Dignity, May 22,1611, until the yth of June, 1699-inclttfive.

Baronets created by King JAMES the Firfi.

I \T Ichokss Bacon. 31 Henry Btllafyfe. - IN Richard hhlinmx. 3a William Conjlnhle, \rt,nm MannUtl. 3 3 Thomas Leigh. 4 George Shirk/- 34 Edvard Noel- 5 Jthi Stradling. 35 Robert Cotton. 36 Robert Cholmondely, Ex. 37 John Molimux- 38 Francis Worseley, liX. 39 George Savile.

45 Henrvmoaghh'E* 46 Levis Trejham, Hx. 47 Thomas Brudcnil 48 George St. Paul, Ex-

3 Richard Mttfgrave. c 4 Thomas Bcndij'u 4 Edward Seymour, $s3obnWynn, .$ Moyle Finch. c$ William Throchnorton 6 Anthony Cop. 57 Richard Worfelcy. 5S Richard Fleetwood. 18 George Grcjdy. 19 Paul Tracy, |o John Wentworth, Ex.

3jo-Roierf Bindlofs. 3 51 William Walter. 352 Thomas Law ley. 309 Cbrifiopher Tehtrtoe, i 53 ttiliam Farmer. 310 Wiliam Bottler. lUJobnVsavie. jli Thomas Hatton. 335 Thomas Petrus. 311 Thomas Abdey. 3j5 William Andrews. 313 Thomit Bampfeld. 337 JobnMeux. 314 John Colton. 35 8 Richard Gurney, Ex. 315 Simondt D’Ewes. 339 Thomasllillis. 316 Henry Fredericl^Thyme 360 Francis Armitage. 317 John Burgoyne. 361 Richard Halford. 318 John Phrthctte. 352 Humphrey Tujton, Ex, 319 William Drains, Ex. 363 Edward Coke. 31° Thomas Roiu.' 354 Ifaac A!tley,Ex. -j11 Ralph Hare. 365 David Cunning ham, Ex, 3« John Norwich. Z66 JohnRayney. 3JI John Brownloe, Ex. 367 toff blared, Ex. 368 John Cell. i2f John Sidenham. %lgVincent Corbel. ph Henry Prat, Ex. ■ijo John Kay, 3*7 Fronds Nichols. 371 Thomas Trollop. 328 William Strickland. 372 Edward Thomas. 3*9 Thomas Wislriche. 373 William Cartper. 33° Thomas Mauleverer. 374 Penner Strut, Ex. 331 William Boughton. 373 WllliadtSt.fyialin. 33* John Chicbefler. 376 Robert Kempe. 333 Norton Knatchbull. 377 join RmA. 334 Hugh Windham, Ex. 378 James Enyon, Ex. 335 fticiarii Careu>. 37? Edmund Williams, Ex. 338 WiUiamCajtleton. 380 jiiin 337 RicW Price, Ex. 381 George VFinmr. 338 Hugh Cholmley. ,8, JohnBorlafe. 339 William Springe. 383 fferrj P,nollys, Ex. 34° Thomas Treyor,Ex. 384/0(1/1 Amif/on. 341 7oia Cn>/oa 385 Edward Morgan. 342 tfi/gii Otren. 386 Nicholas Kemys. : 343 Norton firigg/. 387 7rew Williams. 344 Henry Heyman. John Re,e,by ' 345 Thomas Sandfcrd. 389 l«wi Ingilhy. 346 Francis Rodes. 390 Poynings Moore. 347 Richard Spngnell. 391 Chrtllopber Dame). 34s John Ports 35* Hampfon. 33? John Goodrich ‘ 393 riof/wr Wilhamfon. Elje pjefcnt State Part III, 39+ William Uenny,,mv Ex.ex, 427 Samuel Danven 395 Richard Hardrertrdrer 42S Henry Andtrfon 39 6 Cbrtftopher LcmthcrLowther 429 William Vavafmr, Ex, 397 Tin,mas Aljlon.ton. 430 Henry Jones 398 Edvard Corbet•bet 43t Edward Waldgrave 399 George Middleton,die ton, Ex. 432 Thomas Haggerfton quirt 400 Edvard Parletrier' 433 John Pate, Ex. 401 William Widdringtontdringm 434 ?°l,n Hale, Ex. 402 Matthew Valclrnburgalckcnburg 434 Brian0 Hele 403 Philip Conjiable■■able 436 Willoughby Hickman 404 Ralph Blackstonebtone 437 John Butler 405 Edward Widdrington,■ddrington. Ex. 438 Edward Batlmft 406 Robert Markham■kham 439 Edward AHon 407 Philip Hungate•ate 440 Francit Hawley 408 Stephen Lennard\nard 441 John Prefton 409 William Thmldmold 441 John Webb, Ex. +10 Walter Rudfton(ion 443 Thomat PrejlwicbM 411 Walter Wrotejlyotelly 444 Henry Williams 411 Thomat Blandmi 445 Gervafe Lucas, Ex. 413 Robert Throckmortonrckmorton Hugh Ackjand, Num. 144. 414 Widiam Haltml,„„ 445 Robert Thorold 415 Brocket Spenfer I 447an John Scudamore 416 Edward Golding. 448 Henry Bard, Ex. ; v. Francis Edwards Num. 8 ■ 449 Richard Vivian 450 William Van Coljler 451 Williamde Bored 421 7komat Liddell 452 George Carteret 422 Richard Lamdny, Ex. 453 Thomas Wtndibank 424 Thomas Chamberlain 4S4Sen)aminWright fupertedtd 424 Henry Hunhkt +55 Edward Cbarleton, Ex. 325 Tromas Badd,Ey. 456 RichardVVWis c 22 Pochard Crane, Ex 43-Evan Lloyd quire. PartlH. of ENGLAND. 1)7

Baronets Created by King Charles the SeccnJ.

Before the Reflauration. 4go Thomas Darcy 491 Otorge-Grubham Horn 4581) IchardBro me. 49i John Cuts, Ex. 459 i\ HemHenry Stapleton 462 WiliamCurtiui 496 Geruafe Elms 4$} Arthur Slingsby 497 Robert Cordell 464 Thomas Orb) 49$ John Robir.fon 465 Thomas Baud 466 Arthur Marie,ry Csrfentfn 700 Robert Hildyari 467 her.ry Brown 501 Jacob All ley After the Reflauration. 502 William Biwyei 468 JeiemyWbickcote 503 Thomas Stanlt) 4f9 Anthony de Mercts, Ex. $04 John Sktictyhrgb 450 'John Evelyn 505 VViUlmVVuiy 4:1 Oualter it Raed 5 j6 Nicholas Steward 471 Orlando Bridgman 507 George hurtm 475 Oeofrey Falmtr }c8 Francis Hd'Us, Ex 474 Hereage Finch 509 Oliver St, cjohn 475 John Langham 5 80 Ralph De l* Val 476 Humphrey Winch 5 n Andrew Her If 477 Robert Abdy i-pliced in mod U tlir PrintedCatalogue;

je'jc Relent fetatt Part III.j i nomas imaaijora 0,1 .<«»- I 74o Georgs Selby, Ex. -4i Edmund Fortefcae , 74aSnimeltuke 7+3 ]«hn Tempeft 7Littleton Osbaldejlon 745 Giles Tooker 746 c -;77 Thomas Tailor 758 William Lemur,, 759 Kotor Smith 7 18 Henry Emk. 760 Mcbo.'as Ctifpe j 761 Jo/j/jS/wiv I 761 yo/j» Browne *6^ Cigar# Rawdon 7.74 Rotor Jocelyn 755 Rotor UHctenjieW , 756 JobnLnvfm 1 767 Tyrrell 7 $ 7 rraacii Bura'et ~6yOe rge Mxlt 770 Abti Bailor 771 William 0(laadt, 7-77 r/ilkuntemflt, EX- 7T.; Williams,™ n - 4 /i/irtwy Sfar/17 7- y.mm Vi^s, Ex.

{>)Cfctit *6* SElje State Part III 8 57 OatIf Jufirq* _, 8 Thomas Lear 879 John Wytham 859 WfhAlfa 880 ‘James Richards 870 Thomas Robin]on 881 tote DJjlwow/ 8 71 William Maynard 88a George Chute n S72 Reforf Napi-.r 883 George Shiers | 873 Robeit Davirs So*}. Richard Sandys S74 One 7;onj,:-.V/ 887 William Soame 877 Edward Evcling, Ex.

Baronets created by King JAMES II. 888TO/??7 Sudbury, Ex. 898 John Duck. Ex. S09I Patti Jenkinjon. Ptyyjames-Chapman Puller. 890 George Davies. 900 William Ppjem. S 91 Nicholas Shtrburn. 901 William Styeh. 892 Robert Guldeford. 902 Wilfred Larfan 893 Charles Bloys. 903 William William:. 894 William Compton. 9°4 Hcmi‘ Al! ’f- 895 Job Charkton. 905 Thomas Pitch. 896 Cornelius Spcelmau. 906 John Morden. 897 V.Villi am Humble. 907 John Narbomgh

Baronets created by King WILLIAM m Third, and Queen MA RT the Second. Sc8TT£»y.r Mtltfmrd’ of Jamaica, Efq; created Ban®] O July 19, 16S9. 909 John Rttmfim of Ttrl'jhin, Efq; created Baronet Ara hr 30, 1689. , .1 910 Wuliitm Raiitifon oi Xnviy in Yorkjh're, Efq; created ej ronet FJjnnny 13.1639. I 911 ],;wa Eire :mV of ?irt. created Baronet Dicnr.hr 7,165J 91 j 'John oTJWM, Cleared Baronet Jm. 913 Jo!::: H'liim;.'; of the Ounty of T“rk, created Barer.]

. SCtjc gjcfent State Part III,

4 Scheme of the Sovereign, and Knight s-Companum \ of the mop Noble Order of the Garter.

?Ydn .Gauge , ■ The 11 The King 1 4 ' Eleftor of - Sovereign, | of ol Denmvk-. 1 Denmark: 1 Brmdtnbmih. 5* Ojgif&l 1. 6 ' Duke of Gloucelier.

7 °f 0sford- 8 Duke of Beaufort. 9 Duke of Bedford. 10 Duke of Southampton. 11 Murqvfi of Notmaodby. 12 Duke of Leeds. i j Dale Richmond. 14 Duke of Somerfet. 15 D«

j; * Dai? “/ Shrewsbury. 24 * Earl of Portland. ■ I, ' Duke 0} NewcaWe. PartHI. of ENGLAND. J'j

The Names of the I.or,l Mayor, Aldermen, and Sheriffs of the City of London f,r the hr,r 1699, with the particular Wards under each oths Jurij- diclitm. SIR Funds Child Lord Mayor, and Alderman Farringdon without.

Sir Robert Clayton Cheap-Ward Sir John Mc-ore Waibrook-Ward Sir William Pritchard Broadftrett-Ward Sir Robert Jeffries Cordwcyccr-Ward Sir Thomas Stamp Cripple pare within and with- Sir John Fleet Langbourn-Ward (nd. Sir William Afliurft Eiiiingfgate-Ward Sir Thomas Lane Candlcivic-’-Ward Sir John Houblon Cortihill-VVerd Sir Kd.vard Clarke Breadlirecr-Ward Sir Humphrey Edwin Towcrftrcec-Ward Sir Peter Darnel Eridge-Ward within Sir Samuel DaTiwood Aldgaic-W.lrd Sir John Parlous Eafilfliaw- Ward Sir Richard Ltvetc Biidge-Ward 11 -itkmt Sir Thomas Cooke Queen hithc-W'rd foot Sir JamesHoublon . Aldetigatc within nrJwtih- Sir Thomas Abiev Sir William Hedges Tort loakcn-Ward ( ®f- Sir Owen Buckingham Lilhoplgaten’iriin and 11 iti ■ Sir Thoms; Rawhnfon Cafile Bainard-Ward Sir Robert Bcddinfficld ^ Dowgatc-Ward William withers, jwr. Efn Farringdon within Colcmanftreet Ward Sir William Gore Skciff;. Liir.clIrect-VVard Sir Jufeph Smart Charles Duncomb Efii I shaiffs Etefi. Jcliery JclTcrits, S Recorder, Sir Saiathid Lovell, lit. Chief Oo 3 j66 SElje gjelent State Part III Chief Officers under them Sir ThmasCuiim, Kt. Chamberlain. Henry Crifp, Efq; Common-Sergeant. John Gttsdfkm, Efqi Town-Clerk. Nichaltu Wilmor, Efq; Comptroller of the Chamber. Other Officers. Vl'illkm Man, Efqi Sword-Bearer. JotnHii/ey.Efqi Common-Hunt John m»t, Efq-, Common-Cryer. Z.tchM) Hkcox, Efqi Water-Baily. City-Council. Tanfield Lemmon, Efq-, | Wil/iam Light foot, Efqi .-Richardfm, Efq; |-Major, Efqi Attorneys in the Mayor's Court.

Mr. Gibftik I Mr. Andrew. Mr.Edvmi Smith. | Mr .jury™. Judges of the ShcrifiS Court. _jWr,Efq; I VmkjnDee, Efq, Secondaries of each Compter. Of the ?onl:rey Compter, Mr. Trotmati. Of VMJlreit Compter, Mr. Fmll. Attorneys of the Sheriffs Court. Mr. Godfrey Woodward. i Mr. Smith. Mr. Hargrave. 1 Mr .Whitt. Mr. Bogvn. Mr. Barry. Mr.Bctl.mr. I Mr.Sherr. Prothonotarics. Mr. Unity. • Mr.Timpftn. Wilm Part III. of ENGLAND.

Wiliam Page, 9 William Shan, > Sergeant-Carvers. Francis Brawn, J Jofiah Broom, 7 Jofipb Dike, f- Serjeants of the Mace. Edward Gofin, j Francis Bancroft, Serjeant of the Channel.

Four Yeomen of the Water-fide.

William Collins, Yeoman of the Channel. Robert Horton, Under Water-Bailiff.

mmascZmbers } KwI'WeiBhets-

Oo 4 y68 JEljc pjcfcnt 5&tatc Part 111.

A till of th Officers of the Trained- Bands of tit Citjof LONDON.

I. The Orange Regiment. THE Honourable Sir Robert Clayton, Kr. and Alderman, Colonel. Lieutenant-Colonel, Thomas Cmbbert. Major, Nathanael Long. Firll Captain, Edward Jettons. Second Captain, John S)tnon. Third Captain, Robert Gower. . Fourth Captain, Henry Coxed. Fifth Captain, Hear/ Dainty. If. The Tedow Regiment. The Honourable Sir Thomas Stamp, Kt. and Alderman, Colonel. Lieutenant-Colonel, William Walker. Major, Thomas Seeley. Fill Captain, elm Hull- Sec nd Caprai. Samuel Knapp. Thi d Captain, Wtlli mC'o\e. Fnu thC.pta William Hu's. FifciVCdptaw, fmnas Ficeman. III. The White Regiment. The Honourable bit '

M.., ' Firll Cap. ■ 7 b. Second Captaiu, j.. -'tikes. Third Captain, ^ofw Mat low. Fourth Captain, John Heron. Fifth Captain, William GraffiurJI. PartHI. of ENGLAND. 5^9

IV. The Red Regiment. The Honourable Sir limns Lane, Kt. and Alderman, Colonel. Lieutenant-Colonel, Benj. Dr/. Major, Edva'd Haile. Fitft Captain, Timothy Thornhery Second Captain, Ifaac Digital. Third Captain Daniel Neale. Fourth Captain, William Smith. Fifth Captain, Charles Bainttm. V. The Green Regiment. The Honourable Sir William Hedges, Kt. and Alderman, Lieutcnant-Cologel, James Boddington. Major, Peter Ejfsngm. Fitft Captain, Thomas Emms, Second Captain, JohnGeafl. Third Captain Henry Langford. Fourth Captain, Simon Snell. Fifth Captain, John Shore/. VI. The Blue Regiment. The Honourable Sir Omen Buckingham, Kt. and Alderman, uOlonel. . „ Lieutenant-Colonel, Sir John Collet,Kt. Major, Samuel Wefloll. Firft Captain, Jeremy Jobnfon. Second captain, Daniel flewcovib. Third Captain, Richard Collint. Fourth Captain, Toomas Hordwicke. Fifth Captain, Matthew Vme. ■

A 579 JElje gJtftnt State Part III.

A Lif of the Lieutenancy of the City of London. SIS Francis Child, Lord 1 nomas Papillon, Efq-, m>or Thomas Frederick, Efq-, Sir William Afhurft Nathanael Tench, Eh, Sir Robert Clayton ■ Thomas Langham, tiff, Sir John Moore Peter Houblon, Efq, Sir William Pritchard William Warren, EJj; Sir Robert Jeffereys John Raley, £/?; Sir Thomas Stampe Francis Gosfrighr, EJy, Sir John Fleet Samuel Powell, Ejy, Sir Salathicl Lovell, Recorder. James Denew, Efq-, Sir Jonathan Raymond j'ofephScriven. Ely, Sir Samuel Dafhwood Daniel Allen, Efq', Sir Thomas Lane ■ Robert Rawor.h, E/j; Sir John Houblon Thomas Shaw, Efq, Sir Edward Clarke William Falkner, Efq', Sir Humphry Edwin James Boddington, Efq;, Sir Richard Levctt Henry Hatley, E/y, Sir William Gore John Adams, Efq-, Sir Thomas Cooke Benjamin Witchcott, Efq\ Sir James Houblon Charles Chamberlayre, E/ji Sir Thomas Abney Richard Allie, Efq\ Sir William Hedges John Nicholls, Efq-, Sir Thomas Hohor, William Colfon, Efq;, Sir John Mordant, Richard Hoare, Efq-, Sir Henry Alhurft, J I James Smith, Efq-, sir Benjamin Newlaud Sir Jofeph Smart, Kt. Sir lohnLethieulier Peter Joyc, Efq-, Sir Peter Vandcput William Hooker, E/?; Sir William RulTell Arthur Barron, Efq-, Sir Jeremy Samtrooke I Peter Floyer, EIf, Sir Gabriel Roberts John Sawyer, Ejf, Sir Edward Dtsbovery Jeffery Jeffereys, Ejf, Sir Thomas Vernon Nathanael Hawes, Eff, sir William Scawen I William Strong, Eff, Sir John Forhe John Jeffereys, Elf, Srr Stephen Evance John Ball, Efq-, Richard Pierce, Eff, PartHI. of ENGLAND. pi Edmund Bolter, Efq-, William Gunn, Efq-, John Morrice, Efq, John Cullum, Efq-, , Edward Rudge, Efq, Joas Bateman, Eiq-, Francis Tilfon, Efq, William Walker, Efq, ■ Richard Briftow, Efq-, Sir Owen Buckingham, ift. John Hammond, Efq, Samuel Stayner,£/?; lfaacHoublon, Efq, Michael Rolles, Efq, Gilbert Heathcotr, Efq, Edward Crcirener, Efq-, John Carey, Efq-, Sir William Coles, Kt. Henry Cornilh, Efq-, Richard Young, Efq, George Gooday, Efq} Arthur Shallctt, Efq, John Morgan, Efq\ John Shcrbrook, efq-. Thomas Goddard, Efq, Sir John Wolf, Kr. George Boone, Efq-, Daniel Dorvill, Efq-, Thomas Death, E/5; Richard Gwynnc, Efq-, Robert Foot, Efq, Edward Lemmon, Efq, Sir Thomas Cuddon, Kt. John Gardner, Efq-, Thomas Cuthbert, Efq, John Lordc.lI, £.5; John Bickley,E/5; Samuel Lock, Efq-, Robert Hatton, Efq, Sir Bartholom. Gracedicu, Ilf John Barrett, Efq-, clet\to the Lieutenancy. ofeph Hyde, Mujler-frafter. William Bird, Mejfenier.

A Lift of the Ojftcin of the Tower of London.

Ovcrnour of the Tower, the Right Honourable Rrtertlord Deputy Governour, Colonel John Farewell. Gentleman-Porter, Ehomtti Sergeant, Efq ; 1 oivei-Major, Marmaiu\i Seale, Efq; Officers of the Ordnance. Mailer-Genera] of the Ordnance, the Right Honourable Hem) Ear! of r.umney. Lieutenant-General, the Honourable Sir Henry Gocdrict, Kt Surrey or-General, John Charlettn, Efq; y72 JSCIjc pjefciit State Part 10, Clerk of the OrdDance, Chr- Mufgrave, Efq; Keeper of the Stores, William Meeflers, Efq; Clerk of the Deliveries, James Lsmtber, Efq; Treafurer and Pay-Matter, the Honourable. Colonel Hnr) M>rdaunt. Afliltanr Surveyor, rriIlium Bolter, Efq; Secretary to the Matter-General, John Pnlter.ey, Efq; Deputy-Keeper of ti e Armory, Charles May, Efq; Keeper of the fmall Guns, The. Gardiner, Gent. Chief Engineer, Sir Martin Beckman, Kt. Second Engineer, Colonel Holcraft Blood. Matter-Gunner of England, Lieutenant-Colonel Gnrjf Br men. Mates to the Matter-Gunner. Cifam John Leak- I Captain Vio. Silver.. Captain Tho. Dcage. 1 r Yeoman of theTents and Tories,Tho. Howard, Efq; Chief Fireman, Major John Henry Hopke. Matter-Waggoner to the Office, Captain Charier Ball. ■ Proof-Matters, Mr. John Blake, Mr. John Alien. Clerk of the Cheque, Mr. Matthew Blyton. Meffcngcr to the Office, Mr. EdwardSnapes. Officers of the Mint within the Tower.

Warden of the Mint, Ifaac Newton Efq; Matter-Worker, Tho. Neale, Efq; Chief Clerk and Affiltaut to the Matter-Worker, Vmat Hall, Efq; Comptrollers. Thomas Melinenx, Efq; • ' Charles Mafin, Efq; Aflay-Maficr, Daniel Brattle, Efq; Surveyor of the Melting, George Evans, Efq; Weigher and Teller, Thomas Pitch, Efq; Engineer of the Mint, Mr.7mm.ir Do)Uy, Engraver, Mr Henry Harris. Part III. of ENGLAND. 17?

A L IS T of the prefent Dean and Prebendaries of WESTMINSTER.

qr. Thu. Sprat, the Dean of Wetlmirfter, Biftiop of Roche. Dr Killigerf, Mafter of the Suva). Dr South, Canon of Chrift Church, Oxford. Dr. Onl), Minifter of St Margarets. Dr. Brevall, Sub-Dean. The Honourable Dr.itnne/f;, Dean of Exeter. Mr. DeSartre. Dr. Birch, Minifter of St. Bridei. Mr. Vpman. Dr. Dent. Dr, Burton. Dr. Lucas. Dr. Willis. Matter of the School, Dr. The. Kutpe.

A Lift of the Officers and others belonging to the cvstom-house.

The Seven Commiflioners.

f Harks Godolphiit, Efq, Vj Sir Walter Tonge, Bar. Samuel Clarke, Efq; S;njdmin0tmon,Efq; Robert Uenl)', Efq; Sir William St. Qumin, Bar.

Thefe 5-74 SCJjep?efcnt State Partin.

Thefe Commiflioners hold their Places by Patent from the King, as thefe other Officers alio do, wliofe Names follow, viz

John Sati/m, Secretary— John Bridget, Efq;— George Nicholas, Efq; Surveyor-General--5 c John Knight, Efq; Receiver-General andCa- \ filler J* Rowland Holt, Efq; Comptroller-General of 1 Q(. the Accompts, Sir Nitholat Crifi, Bar. Collefior of the Sub- \ fitly outwards, J Richard Miller, Efq; Cuftomer of the Cloth \ and Petty Cuftoms Outwards, j ' Sir John Shaw, Kt. and Bar, Collefior of the ) ' Suhlidy Inward, / 4 Henry Starke), Efq; Cufiomcrof the Petty- I ( Cuftoms Inwards, J Ttrmth) Ihornbmy Cufromcr of the Greac 1 Cuftoms, / John Needier, Efq; Comptroller of the Great 1 Cuftoms, J : Edward Bac\well, Efq; Comptroller of the \ J( Subfidy Inward and Outward, J ' Richard Breton, Comptroller of the Cloth 7 and Pctty-Cuftonis Inwards and Out- r- 5 Sir John Stapelt), Surveyor of the Cuftoms ( and Subfidies, Inwards and Outwards, i * John Eal, Regifter of the Seizures —Q-at Sir John Siniw, Kt. Collefior of the Duties 7 of the Afl of Navigation, , J 5 1 Vt iiam Denn, Sollicitor, to take care of Coaft-i , Bonds, and other Services, j Henr) fanjhaw, Efq; Rcgifter in theKing’s Re- 7 membranccr’s Office for Clerks, jjrc inf looking after Coali-Ronds, 3 Matthew tJnmberjlon, Uflisr of tile Cuftom-j. o;

The Partin. cf ENGLAND.

l. s. The Chief Searcher --—no o< Seven Under-Searchers, at 12/.- each per\ „ Ammm. In all _f 80 01 Nineteen King’s Waiters at ill. each perl

Officers appointed by Warrant from the Lords Com- raiffioners of his Majejl/s Treafury.

/~VNE Examiner outwards——.— -- o: \_J One Copying Clerk outwards-- One Examiner inwards-- One Receiver from the Plantations-—1< Receiver for the Grand Receipts inwards- Sir John Sharr, Bar- Receiver for Wines and \ Currans, f One Copying Clerk inwards-0 One Winc-Tafter,and Examiner of the Suffi-1 ciency of Officers Securities, j One Wine-Tafter and Gager-;— o OneClerkof the Coaft-Bufintfs-- One AlGftaot to the Clerk of the Ships o One Northern Clerk — ■ . .. -o One Plantation Clerk- --o One Copying Clerk ut Poti tejerquers; One Clerk of the Coafl Bufinefs, and making! Bills of Store, j c & ffi&e gjcfent State Partlll,

One Examiner and Computer of Wines and Currans, } A Door-keeper 101. and a Melfenger 30 /. fnall } Six Watchmen for the Houfe at 351. per *5C Annum each, } John Dmiet, Surveyor of the Warehoufe, loo 00 co Warehoufe-keeper, for a Clerk, 050 00 co Affiftant to the Surveyor of the Warehoufe, 040 00 00 One Surveyor of the Coaft-Waiters, 060 01 co one Clerk tothcTide-Su rveyors, and to fet the Weighing-Porcerst lWork, '} °5° Twenty five Weighing-Porters each. In all, 15'}^

Eight Surveyors of the Land-waiters at i« each, makes in all, John Drae.Efq; Surveyor of the Searchers, 150 00 00 Six Searchers, at 17 /, each, is rda 00 00 7»feiC(ot, Rectifier of the Cocguets in the \ OJO 00 00 Searchers Office, 5 Tide-Surveyors, at 501. each, inakos 49° 00 00

Thirty one Land-wait ’> j>24So cc makes in all Two hundred Tidefmen at 40 and 3; I. per7 . Ann,tmt and 31. per diem each when em- ? 400 to 00 ploy'd, J . Thir- part III. of ENGLAND. m L i. i. Thirteen Land-Carriage Men, at 35 /.each whole Bufincfs is to take notice of all Goods by Carriers, which oughc to pay Cuftoms, One Surveyor of the Land-Carriage Men ogo 00 00 Thiry fix Watchmen at 6 l. 15 /. each 443 00 co Sixteen Noon-Tenders, who attend the 7 Goods on the Keys, whilft the other Of- > 256 00 00 ficers go to Dinner, at 161. each, j CEighc Pair for the"? s~8 Elje $jtlent State PartHI.

New-England. One Colleftor, and Surveyor,? and Searcher of his Majefty’s Duties in V- loo oo co the feveral Colonies of New England,' J Patent Officer I in the Ont-Portl. , Sir Edward Tamer, Surveyor-General, 36S 13 04 Sandwich, Richard Breton, Eli}', Cufloraer, 71 04- 00 One Comptroller, One Searcher, Chichejler, one Cuftomer, 61 00 co One Comptroller at 13 /. One Searcher at 101, Swthampm, one Cuftomer inward, One Cuftomer ontw„ard, One Comptroller, 45 I. Searcher, 10 I. Pool, one Cuftomer, One Comptroller, 1 o /. Searcher 8 /. Exon, one Cuftomer, 83 06 03 One Comptroller, iol. 6t. id. Searcher, 10/. 30 06 08 plimokth, one Cuftomer, 38 1; 04 One Comptroller, 101. 161. 8 d. Searcher, 301, Oloucefter, one Cuftomer, One Searcher, Brifiol, one Cuftomer outward, One Cuftomer inward, One Comptroller, One Searcher, ' Bridgewater, one Cuftomer, One Comptroller, 51.6 s. 8 d. Searcher, id. t Miljord-Haven, one Cuftomer, One Comcroller, 1 o I. Searcher, id. j . Cardiff, one Cuftomer, One Comptroller, ro Z. Searcher, id, Ipfwich, one Cuftomer, One Comptroller, 1; I. Searcher 81. Yarmouth, one Cuftomer, One Comptroller 10!, Searcher, 8 /, Part lit of ENGLAND. 519

Lynn Regis, one Cuftomer, One Comptroller, 15 /. 041. 04 d. Searcher, 121. 27 o4- 04 Carlifle, one Cuftomer, 32 00 CO One Comptroller, 101. another 20 l. 30 CO CO Bofton, two Cuflomers, 63 IB °4 One Comptroller, 12 1. 9r. 2 d. Searcher, 2 /. 14 09 02 Hud, Sir Matt'nen Applemd, Cuftomer, Comptroller, 161, tjr. 4 d. Searcher, 12 I. SewCafile, two Cuflomers, One Comptroller, 20/. Searcher, Cbejler, one Cuflomer, 78 °oS oB One Comptroller, 201, one Searcher, 3 l, 6 s. 8 a. Berwick one Cuftomer, 24 00 00 One Comptroller, 25 /. one Searcher, 251. 50 00 00

An ExaEl Alphabetical Lift of the ROYAL-SOCIETY.

A Lift of the frefent Council, Eleven of tvhich are to be continued till St. Andrew’s Day, 1699. HIS Excellency John Lord Semen, Lord High Chance.'lour and one of the Lords Juftices of England, Prefident. His Excellency Charlei Montague, Efq; one of the Lords Ju- ft ices of England. Sir Robert Southwell, Kt. Robert Hook, A. D. Fr. Ce, James Bridges, Efq, Gref. Mr, Charles Bernard. John Harwood, L. L. D. Richard Bentley, D, D. Thomas Henfhaw, Efq, William Byrd, Efq-, Abraham Hill, Efq; Sir Godfrey Copley, Kt. and Sir John Hoskins, Re. and Bai. Bor. Marcin Lifter, M. D- John Evelyn, Efq, Mr. Ifaac Newton, Prof Thomas Gale, D, D. Dean of Luc. Tork Alexander Pitfield. Efq, j8o Elje ^jefcnt State Part III Edward Southell, E/ji 1 Richard Waller, Efti Hans Sloane, M.D. «Sir Cyril VVyche, Kt.

The reft of the Members.

Fancis Afton, Eft-, Sir Robert Gordon, Kt. William Aglionby, Eft', David Gregory, M.D. John Bemde, Eft; Charles Grclham. Nicholas Bagnal, Eft', Nehemiah Grew, M. V. Ralph Bathurft, Dean of Wets. Sir Rowland Gwynne, Kt. Arthur Bayly, Eft; John Herbert, Eft-, Richard Beaumont, Ely; Edward Haines, Eft-, Jorahan Blackwell, Eft', Clopton Havers, M. D. William Bridgman, EJr, Mr. Edward Haiftwcll, E/f, Orlando Bridgman, Eft', John Harris, A. M. John Henley, £/j; Mr. John Houghton. Charles Howard of Norfolk, Edward Brown, M. D. Eft', Sir Richard Bulkely, Kt. and | Edward Howard of Norfolk, Bar. Ehr John Earl of Carbcry. Hugh Howard, £/;; Henry Earl of Clarendon. I John Hutton, Mid. Reg. St. George , Lord Bifliop of I John Jackfon, Eft', Sir Charles Ifaac, Kt. Edward, Lord Bijhop of Cork Thomas I fled, Efti uWRofic. I Alexander Earl of Kincardin, William Cockburn, D. j Sir Edmund Ring, Kt. Hugh ihamberlen, M la. I Thomas Kirke, Eft-, Mr. Dctkleus Cleuverus. | Robert Karl of Lindfey, lord Daniel Cos, AT. U. [ Great Chamberlain. John Creed, Eft, 1 Jofeph Lane, Efr, Thomas Crifp, Eft', 1 Edward Laney , Frof. Ibad. Sir Anthony Dean, Kl. I Gref, M • S'.mncl Doudy. John Lock, Efc Maurice Emmor, Ely; I Sir (ohn Lowther, Bur. John Flanilied, Afir. Reg. I Sir Berkley Lucy, Bar. John Fryar, M. V. j John Maplctofr, D. ». Thomas Foley, jen.of Wicley, Roger Meredith, Efti E/y; Walrer Mills, M.D. Patrick Gordon, U. A. Benjamin Middleton, Eft', jSz JEljc ©Klcrn &iat£ Part HI. Ds Dion; fins Papin, M. D. I D/Jo. AdamusScamfer. Dj Louis Paul, ,U D. I Dj Francifcus Travigni, Vh. Vs Jo. Nicholaus Pcchlin , I Vest. M. n. I Ds. Raymundus Vieufllens, V> Moifes rujolas. M.D. Vs Jo- Ambtofius Sarotti. I Ds Vincentiiis Vivianus, Mat. Vs h rancifcus Spoletus, Med. I plor. Pr.Pr.Pa. I Dj Nicolaus VVitfen , Con/. Ds Ez.de Spanheim. Amji.

Toe College of Civilians, called Do&ois Common? cxercent in London.

DR. George Oxenden, Dean and Official, Principal of the Ar-. chesCourrof Canterbury, and Vicar-General, and Princi¬ pal Official ro the mod Reverend ftither in God, Thomas Lord Archbilhop of Canterbury, and Dean and Commilfary of the Peculiars belonging to the faid Archbilhop. Sir Charles Hedges, Kt. Dofiorof Laws, Judge of the High Court of Adrairalcy, Mailer of the Faculties, and Chancel- lour of the Diocefs of Roche/ler. Sir R’rtndoes, Kt. Dofior of Laws, Judge of the Pre¬ rogative Courcot Canterbmf. Dr. Thomas Bombhr, Commilfary of the Diocefs of Can- terhnry. Dr. Watkjnfon, Vicar-General to the Archbilhop of Tos\. Sir Thomas Pinfold, His Majcliy’s Advocate-General, Chan- ccllour of che Diocefs of Peterborough, and Principal Official to the Archdeacon of London, and Commilfary of'the Dean and Chapter of St. Pant's. . Dr. John Edisbury, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Exeter, and Commillirv to the Dean and Chapter of Wejiminftef. Dr, William Oldys His Majefly’s Advocate for the Office of Lord High Admiral of England, and Chancellour of the Dio¬ cefs of Lincoln. Dr. Hemy Falconb/idge, Chancellour of the Diocefs of So Davids. ■ Dr. Pepper, Chancellor of the Diocefs aWsrmcb. Dr. Henry Nesvtott-, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Union, sr.d br.e of the Mailers in Chancery. ; ■ • ' . • • ' \ • pr. Part Til. of ENGLAND. *8; Dr. Henry Alworth,Chancellor of the Diocefs ol Oxford John trice, Batchellor of Law, and Chancellor of the Dio¬ cefs of Worcelier. . , „ Charles Baldwin, Efgj. Chancellor of the diocefs of He- 'l%f. Thomas Briggs, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Chi- CiDuBrookshank, Chancellor of the Diocefs of D*r/«m. . Dr. John Coot Chancellor of the Diocefs of Ely. Fetor Aferer, Batchellor of Laws, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Wmchejler. . . . Dr. towel, Chancellor of the Diocefs of St. AJopb. Dr. Richard Parfons, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Glm- ‘^Dr. Henry Jones, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Landaff, Dr. Tull}, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Carlifie. Dr. Wiliam Hughs, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Barb and ^Henry Rains, and William Walmifly, Eatchellors of Law and Chancellors of the Diocefs of Litchfield and Co- Dr. Wainwrighr, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Chefier. Dr. Jones, Chancellor of the Diocefs of ISr/jM. Dr. Pennington, Chancellor of the Diocefs of Bangor Edward Spencer;, M.A. Chancellor of the Diocefs of Sa-

Doftors of Law, who are not Chancellors.

SlRWHHamTrumbal.tt. 1 Dr. Wiliam Clement. Dr. Charles Dhrnant. Dr. Wiliam King. Dr. John St. John. Dr. John Cooks- Dr. George Brampfione. I Dr. John Bridges. Dr. Stephen Wales. I Dr. Owen Wynne. Dr. Matthew Ttndal. 1 Dr.lhomas Ayloffe. Dr. John Conant. 1 Dr.Wiliam Bean. Dr. Thomas Lane. I Dr- Nathanael Lloyd. Dr. Richard Paget. Dr. John Exton. Dr. John Harwood.

P P 4 Pf0' Pro&ors m the Arches Court of Canterbury.

QAmuel Franklin,Etq; Mr. John Tomlinfon O Everard Exton, Efq; Mr. Georg Sawyer Mr. William Cole Mr Men Coni able Mr. film Hill , Mr. Robert Pierfon Mr. Hichard Newcourt Mr. Edward Coole Mr. Thomas Smith Mr. John Cottle Mr. Francis Nixon Mr. Thomas Cantrell Mr.ThomasTttot Mr. Simon Sandys Mr. Thomas SreaSova Mr. James Fridges Mr. Peter Barret Mr. Jeffery Glafler. Mr. Godfrey Lee Mr. Wiliam fines Mr. Thomas Roc\_ Mr. William Haflefoot Samuel Wijeman, Efqs Mr. Thomas Rous Mr. John Hunger ford Mr. Ihomas Ne reman Mr. John Miller Mr. Richard Shatter Mr. Thomas Sheppard Mr. Samuel Bobeme Mr. Keate Walker Mr. Mart^Sayer Mr. Edward Shaw Mr. Edward Alexander Mr. John Level Mr. Robert Hilmer Mr. John Roberts Mr. Thomas WHymott

REGISTERS.

R Richard Crawley Rcgifter to the High-Court of Dele- Ludnicus Mawiwtl, Rcgifter of the Arches Court of Cantor- bury. Simon Sands, Deputy-Rcglftcr. John Bryan, Gent. Aftuary of the fame. Thomas Tt'ht, Deputy-Afluary. Orlando Gee, Efq; Rcgifter of the High-Court of Admi¬ ralty. Mr. Richard Crawley, Deputy.Rcgifter. JohnCheek, Gcncral-Maiftial. Partin. of ENGLAND. sh

fie Prerogative-Office, orRegijlry for the Prerogative mils in the Mrcbiijhcp'ick of Canterbury. EVtrari Extern, Batchellor of Laws, Hcgiflcr of the Prero¬ gative Court of Canterbury. MrThomasWelham, Deputy-Regifter. Clerks in the Paid Office.

Mr. Charles Pinfori > Mr. Rupert Brom Mr. John Cottle ] Mr. William Detv Mr. John Holman. | Mr. George Smith

His Majefty’s Advocate, William Olift, Doftor of Laws. Kegifier of the Court, Robert Piott, Doftor of Laws. Secretary and Seal-keeper, Francis Negttt, Efq; Deputy-Regifter, Mr. John Cheek.. PROCTORS. Samuel Fran\Iin,E(qj Batchellor of Laws. Mr. Everard Exton, Batchellor of Laws. Mr. John Hitt. Mr. Francis Nixon. Mr. Samuel Wifiman. Mr. Keate Waller. Murlhal of the Courr, Mr. John Cm}.

A *86 Elje $j»ent State Part III.

A Catalogue of the Fellows and other Members of the Royal Colledge of Phyficians.

FELLOWS. Dr Edmund Dickenfon Sir Edmund King, Kc; SIR tho mat Millington, Kt. Dr Chriftopher Lne-Motley Prelidenc Dr Edward Baynard Dr. Walter Cbarletan, Cenfor Dr Tneodore Colladtm Dr. Samuel Codins,CeaCot Dr Richard Blackburne Dr. Thomas Bunveil Dr Chrijiian Harrel Dr. Peter Barwick Dr Simon Welman ■ Ur. John Lawful, Eleft. Dr George Haw Dr. Edvard Brawn, Treafurer, Dr Nathanael Johnjlon Elefl Cenfor Dr Rcbert Fierce - Dr. Jafras Clarke, Eleft. Dr Robert Gray Dr. RichardTarlejfe Dr Richard Smith Dr. Samuel Morris Dr Jofhua Le Fem e Dr. Ttomas Alvey Dr Thomas Waifs Dr. Edward Hulfe, Eleft. Dr John Ratcliff Dr. Charles Gooiall Dr John Harrifon Dr. Robert Bradt, Prof. Med. Dr Hans Sloane Sir Richard Blackmore Dr. Phineas Fon% Dr Tancred Rabinfol) Dr. Walter Harris, Cenfor Dr Richard Carr Dr.William Brins Dr John Hutton Dr. Walter Mills Dr Jaihts Welwood . Dr. Edvard Tyfon DT Peter GcIJIhorp Dr. Charles Fraifer ' DrWilliam^Slufgraye Dr. Frederick Stare Dr Humphrey Ridley Dr. Richard DarneUi Dr William Gibbons Dr John Bateman Dr William Gould 7>r. William Johnflon Dr John Hawys . Df. William Dawes Dr Robert Corny Dr. Thomas Gill, Regifter Dr Samuel Garth .Dr. Richard Robinfin -r Dr Barnham Soame Dr. Lancelot Harrifm Dr Hugh Chamberlen Dr. Martin Lifler Dr William Cole ' Dr. Robert Pit Dr Salusbury Cade Dr. Richard Field Dr Nicholas Part III. of ENGLAND. J8? Dr John GroemieU candidates. Mr John Martin Dr Philip Guide Dr Jojhua Palmer Dr Hem) MoreSi Mr John Peche Dr Thomas Hobbs Dr William Sydenham Dr John Jones Dr Charles Nichols Dr Clop ton Havers Dr David Hamilton Dr John Defray Mr William Grimbalflon Dr Caleb Coatfatsrth Dr Sebaflian le Feme Mr John Tivil Mr Francis Upton Mr Thomas Bosterell Dr James Maucleer Dr John Charles Sir William langham Dr. Philip Rofe Dr Robert Fielding Dr Thom,-a Rolf; Dr John Windebanl(, Mr William Oliver Dr John Tadley Dr Oliver Horfiman Dr Homy Sampfon Mr Ralph Hickes Dr Daniel Cox Dr Thomas Walter Dr Nehemiah Grew Dr Jodocns Crutl Dr Thomas Gibfon Dr Peter Sylveltrc Dr Peter Alder Dr Charles Morton Dr George Fleming LICENTIATES Dr Stephen Hunt Mr William Cod-burn DrJohnFealt Mr Thomas Turberville Dr Praife Wntfon Dr John Crichton Mr Ifaac chroma Dr-Short VtCbriJhfhsr Crell Mr John Colbatcb j88 JCIjc gjcfent jfetate Part III,

A Liji of the Commtffioners, and Other Trincipal Officers of- the Excite.

E Daunt Clarke, Efq; , Felt Onflow, Efq; |. Philip Medial, Efq; I The. Everard, Efq; I Chief Commiflioners and Go¬ Sir William Afliurfi, Kc. ' vernors for the Management Cbriflopbcr Montague, Efq; f of the Excife. John Smith of Beauford-1 Buildings, Efq; William Carr, Efq; |

Sir William Honymrd, Bar.) Richard Beake, Efq; { George Dodington, Efq; ) Commiflioners for Appeals. Edmund Chaloner, Efqi \ John Licit', Gent. > Mr. chriflopher Tilfin, Regifter to the Commiflioners for Ap¬ peal*. Sir Bafil Dixwell, Bar. Auditor. Sir Scroop How, Kt. Comptroller. Thomai Hat, Efq; Receiver-General. George Townfend, Efq, Secretary. Edward Heel, Efq; John Thompfon, Efq; Regiflers. Whitlock Bulftrode, Efq; Sollicitor. Mr. Dean Montague, Accomptant-General. Commiflioners of Wine-Licenfes. Sir Stephen Evance, Hr. William Tmgt, Efq; Nicholas Fenn, Elq; Thomas Lake Efqi PartHI. of ENGLAND. S89

A Lift of the Governours and other Officers of the Royal Poft-Houfe in Lumbard-Street.

QlR Robert Coiron, Kt; 7 Governours. o Sir Thomas Frankland, Ear. J Secretary to the Governours, Mr. John Avars. His Clerk, Mr. Cbriflopher Smelt. The Foreign Office. Comptroller, Mr, Ajhburnbam Fnrrde. Clerks. Mr. Charles Good. Mr. Wihiam Gojlsn. Mr. James Laurence, Alphabet - Mr. Adam Francks- Mr. Daniel Farette. Mr. Peter Motteux. Inland-Office.

Ifaac Manlf, Efq; Comptroller. Mr. Stephen Lilly, Treafurer. Mr. George Serle, Accomptanr. Clerks of the Roads. Mr. EdmundSarrtell, Clerk of the Chefler-Bcad. Mr. John Middleton, Clerk of the North-Road. Mr. Francis Garttrd, Clerk of the Well-Road. Mr. William Miners, Clerk of the Rrjjlo'-Road. Mr. James Cornier,Clerk of the larmont/i-Road. Mr Charles Jackson, Chrkof the Kent-Road. Mr. Gterge Colley, Clerk for thcKerr-Road off by Nights. Other Clerks. Mr.-Men!, | Mr.-T.ft Mr. —-— Bickerton ■ Mr.-V.om}fo i S9° ffilje $?cfent State Partlll.

Mr. John Harnocd Mr. William Harris Mr. JohnPaftaattr Mr. William Black Jlcne Mr. William Green Mr. Robert Colecrofi Mr. Tqomas Smut, jun. Mr. Marlin Bucket Mr- Arthur Dane) Mr. Thomas Robotham Mr. John llalduck. Mr. Underhill Bren/) Mr. Alexander Say, > WiDdowmen. Mr. fames Walker, j

A Lift of the Heads of the Colledges and Halls in the Univerfity of Oxford.

TTIS Grace James Duke of Ormond, Chancellour, n Univerlity-Coliege, Dr. Charlelt, Matter. Bd/iol-Coilege, Dr. Maunder, Mailer. ATerton-College, Dc.Lyden, Warden. Exerer-College, Dr.Painter, Reflor, and Vice Chancel. Oriel- College, Dr. Royfe, Provoft. Queens-Colic ge, Dr. Halton, Provoft. Nesv-College, Dr. Beejlon, Warden. Lincoln-College, Dr. Adamr, Reftor. All-Souls College, Dr. Finch, Warden: Magdalen-College. Dr. Hough, ( Eiftiop of Lichfield and Coventry) l’redenr. Brazcn Nofc-Cftllcge, Dr. Meat, Principal. Corpm C/trifti College, Dt.Turner, Prefidcnc. Chrifl-Church-College, Dr. Aldrich, Dean. Trinity-College, Dr. BathurJI, Prefidenr. Sr. John's College, Dr. Delaune, Prefidenr. Jefus College, Dr. Edwards, Principal. WWhan-College, Dr. Dunjler, Warden. PemJro^-College, Dr. Hat, ( Bilhop of Briflol) Ma¬ iler. Wora/ier-College, Dr. Woodrojf, Provoft.

KAILS. Partffl. of ENGLAND. S9x

HAILS. Sr. EdrnnlmW, Dr. Mid, Principal. Sr. /Man-Hall, Dr. Bourehier, Principal. Hurt-Hall, Dr. Thornton, Principal. New-Inn-Hall, Dr. Bail), Principal. Sr. Mary-Hall, Mr. Upat, Principal. Magdalen-Hall, Dr. Adams, Principal. ' Magillrares. Chancellour, James Duke of Ormond. Vice-Chanccllour, Dr. William Painter. Pro-Vice-Chancellours. Dr. Timeth) Haltm ' i Dr. Arthur Charlett Dr. Roger Maunder. ] Dr. Fita,-Herbert Adams

Hr. Walras of Magda!en-ColIege. lA.MompeJjhnof New-College. ! Profelfors in the Univerfity. Dr. William Jane, King's Profelfor of Divinity. Dr. Thomas S)kts, Margaret Profeffor of Divinity. Dr. Thomas H)de, Hebrew and Arabic!^ Profeffor, and Library Dr. Humphre) Hod), King’s Profelfor of Greek, Dr. Thomas BoatrcDrer, King’s Profelfor of Law. Dr, Thomas Hop, King’s Profelfor of Phyfick.

Sir Thomas Millington, Natural Philofophy Reader. Dr. Charles ^Mrvijrrl^Cambden-Profcffor of Hiftory. Dr. Edward H,miles, Profelfor of Chymiftry. Mr. Jacob Robart, Botanick Profeffor. Mr. Richard Goodfon, Muftck Profelfor. S9i ffi&e gjefcnt (State Partin

A Lifi of tbe Colleges and Halls in the XJniver- Jity of Cambridge, with tbe Names, of their Gr vernours.

TTISGracec,mlilD“’(e of chancellout JLI Sir Willi™ Daves, Baronet, Vice-Chancellour Sc. Peter's Coll ge, Dr. Beaumont, Mailer. dare-Hall, Dr Bt)tbe, Mailer Pemlro^e-Hall, Dr. Brown, Mailer Corpus cbrilii, or Bennerr-College, Dr. Stank), Mailer Tmil)-HM, Dr.Oxenden,mfcr. Gonvitt and Gains College, Dr. Brad/, Mailer King’s College, Dr. Mherick, Provoll Queen’s College, Dr. l/amer, Mailer Katbarine-Hill, Sir William Daws, Baronet, and Vice-Chaa- cdlour, Mailer. Jefus-College, Dr. Saywtll, Mailer Chrifl’t College, Dr. Coveil, Mailer Sc join’s College, Dr. Gower, Mailer AftgnWen-Collcge, Dr. Evadrbg, Mailer Trinity-College, Dr Montague, Mailer Emnnilel-Collcge, Dr. Balder this. Mailer sMne^Snjfex-College, Dr. fohnfon, Mafrer Profellors in the Univcrfiiy. Dr. Beaumont, Regius Profeffor Dr. Gower, Margaret rrofeifor Dr. Smalt, Cafuiflical Proftffor Dt.Ozendcn, Profeffor of Law Dr. Brad), Pr'ofdTor of Phsfick Dr. Newton, Marhematical Profeffor Dr. Stubbs, Hebew Profcllor Dr. Luie, Arabict Profcllor Mr. JoJhua Baras, Creel; Profeffor. ROCTOR..

Mr. Hitt), of St. The Part III. of ENGLAND. m

The Scarlet Gown Days in the TJniverftty of Oxford, are at folltmeth:

Clrcumdfion, or New-Tears-day. Epiphany, or Twelfth-day. Purification, or Candlemas-day. Annunciation, or Lady-day. Sermon at Ncw-Cotlege. Afcenfm, or Holy-7hurfday. Relhuration of King Charles the Second, or the sgtii of May. IVhit-Sunday, Trmty-Smday, Sermon at Hew-College. Friday, Saturday, Sunday, Monday and Tuefday Morning in the A3 time, at Sermon and Congregation. AII-Saints-day,~the Fifth of Kevtmier, or Gun-Powder- Ireafen. All pnblick ThankfgtTiDg-Days. Cbrsfimas-day. The Habit-Days in the Uniyerfity of Oxford- The Day the Judge! come to Town, Mr.Vice-Chancellour and Dodorsmeetat Sc. Mary's, and then.go to wait on the Judges in their Formalities. All Latine Sermons. Morning Sermons in Term-time. All Sermons at Sr. Peter's in Lent, Congregation-days. Schohfiica, being the roth of February. The Day after Michaelmas, when the Mayoris fwornat St, Mery's in the Morning by the Senior frtflnr. Stye gjetent S&tate Part 111, 594

the Scarlet-Dtp in the XJniverfity of Cambridge are as follows :

ALL-Stints DO). Cbriftmas-daj. Eajler-daj. A{cenfm-dtj. Wbtt-Sundajr. Ttmij-Suniay Commencement. The twenty ninth of Map, At the two Fairs proclaiming, in June and September. The Feaft of St. Michael The Fifth of November. To Funerals, Clerumi, and Supplication, all Doftors got! . to Congregations; that is, in their Robes.

A Lift of Ambaffadors, Envoys ani Confuls.

CMales Earl of Mnmbejler, appointed for France. at the Hague. William Lord Paget, at the Port.

ENVOYS. Alexander Stanhope, Efq; in Spain. Paul Methwen, Efq; in Portugal. Richard Hid, Efq; in Flanders. George Stepnej, Efq; at the Court of Brandenlurgh. James Creffet, Efq; at the Courts of Brmfaick and LwillU burgh. Sir Lambert Blackwell, Kt. in Tufcany. fbilcbert tCHenmr, Baron it ffmiogusn, to the SwJr Content, Partin. of ENGLAND. S9S V

R E SID ENTS.

Dr. John Robinfm, in Sweden. Sir PaulRjcaut,Kt. ac Hamburgh. Siaetarict and Mkifferi. Robert Sutton, Efq; his Majelty’s Secretary ac Vienna. Hugh Grig, Efqi his Ma jetty’s Minifter in Denmark.

CONSULS.

Otlend, Nieuporr, mi Bruges, Bruce, Efqi Cadiz, , Martin Wejlamh, Efq; Alicant, Nicholas Herne, Efq; Sevill,-Goodjhall, Kfg; TenerifF, Edmund Smith, Efq; Malaga, Nicholas Hottawaj, Efq; Corunna, John Parker, Efq; Lisbon, -Earle, Efq; St. Sebaftians, William Frankjand, Efq; Rotterdam, -Keck, Efq; 0. Porto, i ■ --Meal, Efq; Marfeilles, John Burrow, Efq; Barcelona,-Shatter, Efq; Cartagena, Tbomat Moore, Efq; Leghorn, John Burrow, Efq; Deputy-Conful. Medina, Tliomat Chamberlain, Efq; Genoa, Tnomas Kirk, Efq, Venice, Hugh Broughton, Efq; Naples, Sir George Daviei, Zant, James Paul, Efq; Calati in Sardinia, -Bbntnfbi. Palermo,.-Gifford, Efq; Nizza,-apt,Efq; Algiers, Robert Cole, Efq; Tunis, Jamet Chetwooi, Efq; Tripoli, Nathanael Loddirgton, Efq; Smyrna, -Raj, Elq; Aleppo, -■ ■ , Haffingt, Efqi Alexandria, Cyprus, Q.32 flfttgjetm&tate ' Part III.

A Lift of tie Foreign Minifersat prefent refid,ng in His Majefy, Court. rj^HE count it Tallard, Embaflador Extraordinary from Monfieur Geldermalfen, Envoy Extraordinary from Hi!- ^The Count D'Avenberg, Envoy Extraordinary from the Monfieur De Stncben, Envoy Extraordinary from dm. fflQfb, Don Lmi de Coma, Envoy Extraordinary from Portugal The Count de Dona, Envoy Extraordinary from Sranitn- ^ The Ejron Simani, Envoy Extraordinary from Bavaria. The Baron of Sbmlq, Envoy Extraordinary from ZeU. Monfieur fn/liniani, Envoy Extraordinary from Gemna. The Baron de Blmberg, Envoy Extraordinary from Coer- Monfieur Refident from the Emperour. Monfieur Lnrxrrn, Relident from Sweden. % The Signore Canto Orrone, Agent from Gcrnua. ’ Monfieur D'arbean and Monfieur D'argon Commifiioners ot France about Trade.

A Lift of tbe Governour, Deputy Governor, and Dire¬ ctors of the Bank of England, for tbe Tear 1699. NAthanael Tench, Governour. ]cbnWard, Deputy-Govcrnour.

Twenty Four DtreElars.

Samuel Letbulier j Sir William A/tmrJl,K<. Francis Ejles Charles Mold Sb Richard Level, Re. | Sir TbomafAbne), Kt. Part III. of ENGLAND. 59' Viter Debut Mir Gone Sir William Hedges,Kx. Gilbert Heatbate tmi. Bridges Sir James Houblon, Kt Sir William Scawen, Kt. Robert Ramrtb John Radge . Abraham Htublon Nathanael Gould John de Vinck. Robert Briflow Richard Perry Jacob Reynardfon Sir Henry Furnefe, Kt. William Dawfon ; Samuel Bulteel

The Four and twenty Directors of the Englifti New Company Trading to the Eaft Indies. MR. Robert Atmod I Mr. Edward Darrell Mr. Francis Annefy Mr. Nathanael Gould Mr. Peter Alien Sir John Houblon Mr. John Billers i Mr. William Jolliffe Brook Bridges, Auditor I Mr. Richard Meade Mr. William Benfon | Mr. Peter Renew Mr. Samuel Ball j Mr.CharleiThereld Mr. Henry Carter I John Tunin, Efq; Mr. Abraham Chitty I Dr. Stephen Waller Mr. Thomas Dade I Mr .SamuelWatts Mr. William Dijher Mr. Jofias Wordfworth Mr. William Dawfon | Mr. Peter Whitcomb

Commiffioners of the Stamp Office. EDw. Lloyd, Efq; I Henry Cornifl), Efq; 1 Henry Harris, Efq; I Jacob Vandtrijb, Efq; James Ifaacfon, Efq; i Colonel Farringion Sir John Stanley, Bar. J

Com j9S JElje pjtfent fctate Partin.'

Commiffioners for Hackney-Coaches. William Congreve, Efq; Daniel Blake, Efq; Chat nock Herne, Efq; Secretary and Receiver, Mr. Antlmy Meeke.

Commiffioners of the Duty upon Glafs. W Alter Whitfield, Efq; Dalb) Thomas, Efq; John miles, Efq; . James Mifihn, Efq; Their Secretary and Receiver, Mr. fames Deans.

Commiffioners for Regiiiring of Seamen.

Torn Hi#, Efq; —-'Bring, Efq; Matthew Aylmer, Efq; Thomas Baker, Efq; John Tinewell, Efq;

Commiffioners of Trade.

rohK Lord Somers, Lord Chancellour of England. J Thomas Earl of I’emhrakf and Montgomery, Lord Prcndent Tof the Council. . John Lord vifeount Lonfdale, Lord Privy-Seal. Charles Montague, Efq; Firft Lord Commiffioner of the Ttta- ^"john Earl of Bridgwater, Firft Lord Comraiffioner of the A

The Names of the Lords Jujlices of England.

UIS Grace Thomas Lord Archbiffcop of Canterbury, o John Lord Somers, Lord High Chancellor of England. Thomas Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, Lord frcfidenc of the Council. /ofoiLordVifcount Lonfdale, Lord Privy-Seal, William Duke of Devonpiire, Lord Steward of theHoulhoId. John Earl of Bridgwater, Fird Lord Commiffioner of the Admiralty. John Earl of Marlborough, Governour to his Highnefs the Dube of Ghuctjler. Edward Earl of Terfey, One of the principal Secretaries of State. charlos Montague, Efq; Firft Lord Commillioncr of the Treafury.

The Degrees and Names of all Men and Werners.

3 Dukes and Princes of the Blood-Royal of England, who are the Sons, Brothers, Unkies and Nephews ofa KiDgof-Enghmi/, as appears by tbc Stature of 3 a Hen. VIII. Ducchelfcs and Princes of the fame Blood-Royal. 4 Dukes and Dutchclfes. 5; The Elded Sons of Dukes of the Royal Blood, and their ladies. 6 MarquefTes and Marchioncfc. 1 Dukes Elded Sons and their Ladies, 8 Earls and Ccuntedes. 6oo Parent fetate Partin. 9 Marqucffes Elded Sons and their Ladies. 10 Dukes Younger Sons of ihe Royal Blood, and their n Dukes Younger Sons and their ladies: n Vifeounts and Vifeountefies. , , The Eldeft Sons of Earls and their Ladies. 14 The Younger Sons of Marqucflcs and their Lillies. ie Barons and Baronefo.- . l6 The Eldeft Sons of Vifcountsand their Ladies. 47 The Younger Sons of Earls and their Ladies. 18 The Eldeft Sons of Barons and their Ladies. »o Priry-Councellors and Judges...... jo The Younger Sons of Vifcountsand their Ladies, at The Younger Sons of Barons and their Ladies. 21 Baronets and their Ladies. 21 Knights Of the Bath and their Ladiej. 24 Knights Batchelours and their Ladies. 25 Sergeants at Law and Doftors. 26 Efquiresand their Wires. 18 Cozens, Yeomen, Husbandmen, Labourers, and their

FINIS.