Developing Statewide Sustainable-Communities Strategies Monitoring System for Jobs, Housing, and Commutes December 15, 2018 6
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STATE OF CALIFORNIA • DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION ADA Notice TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE For individuals with sensory disabilities, this document is available in alternate TR0003 (REV 10/98) formats. For information call (916) 654-6410 or TDD (916) 654-3880 or write Records and Forms Management, 1120 N Street, MS-89, Sacramento, CA 95814. 1. REPORT NUMBER 2. GOVERNMENT ASSOCIATION NUMBER 3. RECIPIENT'S CATALOG NUMBER CA 18-2931 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. REPORT DATE Developing Statewide Sustainable-Communities Strategies Monitoring System for Jobs, Housing, and Commutes December 15, 2018 6. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION CODE 7. AUTHOR(S) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION REPORT NO. Paul M. Ong,Chhandara Pech, Alycia Cheng, Silvia R. González 9. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME AND ADDRESS 10. WORK UNIT NUMBER University of California, Los Angeles, 10889 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 700 Los Angeles, Ca 90095 11. CONTRACT OR GRANT NUMBER 65A0636 12. SPONSORING AGENCY AND ADDRESS 13. TYPE OF REPORT AND PERIOD COVERED California Department of Transportation July 1, 2017 - December 31, 2018 Division of Research, Innovation and System Information PO Box942873, MS 83 14. SPONSORING AGENCY CODE Sacramento, CA 94273-0001 15. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES 16. ABSTRACT This project is the second phase of a larger effort aimed at developing a group of key indicators, referred to in this document as the Statewide Monitoring System, to track progress toward achieving certain SB 375 goals across California. One of the legislation's goals is to promote better coordination of land-use, housing, and transportation planning with the goal of reducing vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions. The proposed Statewide Monitoring System identifies key recent developments by small geographies (i.e. census tracts), which can assist the State to revise and refine policies and programs in response to actual changes in the built environment and intensity of activities, particularly for the scheduled four -year updating cycle of each Metropolitan Planning Organization’s regional transportation plan and sustainable communities strategy (SCS). A secondary benefit is that the proposed data can also provide useful information to regional agencies and local governments. 17. KEY WORDS 18. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT Sustainable Communities Strategies No restrictions Monitoring System for jobs, housing, and commute 19. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION (of this report) 20. NUMBER OF PAGES 21. COST OF REPORT CHARGED Unclassified 114 Reproduction of completed page authorized. DISCLAIMER STATEMENT This document is disseminated in the interest of information exchange. The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the State of California or the Federal Highway Administration. This publication does not constitute a standard, specification or regulation. This report does not constitute an endorsement by the Department of any product described herein. For individuals with sensory disabilities, this document is available in alternate formats. For information, call (916) 654-8899, TTY 711, or write to California Department of Transportation, Division of Research, Innovation and System Information, MS-83, P.O. Box 942873, Sacramento, CA 94273-0001. Developing Statewide Sustainable- Communities Strategies Monitoring System for Jobs, Housing, and Commutes Principal Investigator: Paul M. Ong With Chhandara Pech, Alycia Cheng, and Silvia R. González UCLA Center for Neighborhood Knowledge (CNK) December 15, 2018 Caltrans Agreement No. 65A0636 Prepared for the California Department of Transportation by the University of California, Los Angeles The statements and conclusions in this report are those of the contractor and do not necessarily reflect those of the California Department of Transportation. The mention of commercial products, their source, or their use in connection with material reported herein is not to be construed as actual or implied endorsement of such products. 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project is made possible by the generous support of the California Department of Transportation and the California Air Resources Board. Paul Ong served as the primary investigator. We want to especially acknowledge our Caltrans contract managers Kayo Lao and Tyler Monson and our CARB contract managers, from Phase I of this project, Maggie Witt and Annalisa Schilla. The research team is grateful for the advice of its advisory committee: Name Organization Maggie Witt California Air Resources Board (CARB) Annalisa Schilla CARB Carey Knecht CARB Nicole Dolney CARB Kate White California State Transportation Agency Paul Albert Marquez California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) Jacqueline Kahrs Caltrans Daniel Meza Caltrans Marilee Mortenson Caltrans Christian Bushong Caltrans Alyssa Begley Caltrans Tracey Frost Caltrans Kayo Lao Caltrans Tyler Monson Caltrans Ellen Greenburg Caltrans Ann Mahaney Caltrans Linda Wheaton California Department of Housing and Community Development Christopher Ganson Governor's Office of Planning and Research Dave Vautin Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) Raleigh McCoy MTC Elisa Arias San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) Elisa Barbour UC Berkeley Heather Adamson Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments (AMBAG) Matt Carpenter Sacramento Area Council of Governments (SACOG) Paul Wessen California Employment Development Department (EDD) Ping Chang Southern California Association of Governments (SCAG) Spencer Wong California Employment Development Department (EDD) Susan Handy UC Davis Suzanne Hague Strategic Growth Council Dan Sperling UC Davis/CARB Lori Huddleston Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority (Metro) The authors are deeply grateful to all of the reviewers for taking the time to provide valuable comments and feedbacks on the report. The authors are also grateful to Norman dela Fuente, Zacharias Gardea, Meiye Wang, Chandni Patel, and Firdausi Sudarmadji from UCLA’s Center for Neighborhood 2 Knowledge for research and technical assistance. Finally, we would also like to thank UCLA Professors Michael Lens and Paavo Monkkonen for their invaluable input on the project. 3 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................. 2 Abstract ............................................................................................................................................. 10 Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 11 Background ......................................................................................................................................... 11 Report Contents .................................................................................................................................. 12 Objectives ........................................................................................................................................... 12 Methods .............................................................................................................................................. 13 Results and Conclusions ..................................................................................................................... 15 Chapter 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 17 Background and Process ..................................................................................................................... 17 Assessing the Data, Indicators, and Measures .................................................................................... 19 Results and Findings ........................................................................................................................... 21 Chapter 2 Literature Reviews: Land Use, Spatial Structure, and Travel; and Measuring Accessibility ....................................................................................................................................... 24 Land Use and Transportation .............................................................................................................. 24 The 5 Ds of Travel Demand .............................................................................................................. 25 Interpretation of Land-Use Effects on VMT ..................................................................................... 28 Measuring Accessibility ..................................................................................................................... 28 Jobs-Housing Fit ................................................................................................................................. 29 Chapter 3 Process, Scope, and Analytical Approach .................................................................... 30 Input Process ....................................................................................................................................... 30 Scope and Key Elements .................................................................................................................... 32 What is the baseline? ........................................................................................................................