Little Warriors Join Frog Fight

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Little Warriors Join Frog Fight THE TELEGRAPH TUESDAY 26 FEBRUARY 2019 10 YOUNG METRO TECE Little warriors join frog fight Around a hundred students from around eight schools attended the Save The Frogs World Summit, held in association with the WISH Foundation, at the MP Birla Planetarium Seminar Hall emember the time when the monsoon nights were accom- R panied by the croaking of a frog on the wet streets? Those days have become a rarity now, pointing to the rapid decline in the number of frogs. Indeed, nearly a third of over 6,963 species of frogs and toads are threatened with extinction, requir- ing our immediate attention. Save The Frogs, a leading am- phibian conservation organisation which has been around for 10 years with a record of over 2,000 environ- Karthikeyan Vasudevan, mental educational events across 57 scientist at the CSIR Centre for countries, gave out this important Cellular and Molecular Biology, message at the Save The Frogs World shows the half-hour film, On The Summit, held for the first time in Brink. The film discussed how Calcutta. The event was held at the habitat destruction and the MP Birla Planetarium Seminar Hall, deadly amphibian disease, in association with the WISH founda- chytridiomycosis, are two of the tion, an NGO based out of Calcutta, Students of Rahara Nibedita Art School crafted several items, including cute and colourful paper frogs, main reasons behind the rapid working dedicatedly towards raising paintings and a painted unbrella as part of the programme to raise awareness on frogs extinction of the purple frog. environmental awareness. I think interactions like these Around a hundred keen students where we share our practical from eight schools attended the sum- knowledge with the young mit. It started with a fun, interactive students, who are always and informative session where Kerry shielded from real-life problems, M. Kriger, a conservation biologist can help them a lot to open up and the founder and executive direc- their minds to new horizons. tor of Save The Frogs, with assis- In reality, by saving this species, tance from Sarbani Deb, secretary of we are trying to better WISH foundation, presented some in- understand how we can save teresting facts about frogs, such as ourselves because the same that amphibians, including frogs, threats that affect the need wet places to survive, the differ- amphibians affect us, too. If we ences between a frog and a toad and find a solution to their problems, between a newt and a salamander, we will benefit, too, he said. how a tadpole transforms into a frog, and that toads have poison to protect themselves. gone extinct since 1979 were tation for the Giant Squeaker evolved 130 million years ago when whatever they had learnt in the Thereafter, the students were en- brought to light. Frogs, Save the Frogs Day celebrat- Pangea split into Laurasia in the seminar. gaged in a simple question- answer The possible reasons behind the ed in Washington DC, Vancouver, north and Gondwana in the south. The seminar ended with a brief round where they were asked some alarming rate of frog extinction, Santa Cruz, Tampa, Russia. purple frogs are now mostly found art session in which the students of fundamental questions about frogs. such as habitat destruction, pollu- The students were also encour- only in Kerala and Tamil Nadu and Rahara Nibedita Art School made They gave impressive answers and tion due to industrial waste, frogs aged to celebrate the last Saturday spend most of their life under- some stunning frog paintings and their curiosity to learn more about being eaten or taken out of wild as of April as Save The Frogs Day. ground. craftwork. frogs was clearly visible. pets and the possible solutions, in- The next speaker, Karthikeyan After this film, there was an in- Another highlight of the work- The students were also shown cluding the use of rechargeable Vasudevan, who is a scientist at the teresting call-recognition session shop was the frog-styled jewellery pictures of different types of frogs batteries, driving slow on rainy CSIR Centre for Cellular and Mole- in which the students were told to handcrafted by the marginal com- like the Pacific Chorus Frog nights, planting trees in the back- cular Biology, showed a half-hour identify the different amphibians munities of Dulagar, West Bengal, (Pseudacris regilla), Giant Squeaker yard of our homes, were discussed film titled On The Brink, featuring from their sounds. The students ea- which were up for sale outside the Frog (Arthroleptis krokosua), the with the bunch of frog enthusiasts. himself along with his two stu- gerly participated in it. seminar hall. The sale proceeds critically endangered Phyllobates Kriger also shared details of dents, wandering through the This was followed by a short went to the villagers. The objective terribilis, Parque Explora, Medellin, some inspiring initiatives taken by forests of the Anamalai Tiger Re- quiz on the whole session wherein was to remind the people of the Colombia and many others. The fact students of schools such as Sea serve in Tamil Nadu, in the West- students were split into three importance of frogs through the that around 2,000 amphibian species View Elementary School, Salton ern Ghats, in their quest to find the groups with names such as purple ornaments they wear. are threatened with extinction and City, CA, campaigns by the Soccer endangered purple frog (Nasikaba- frog, Indian bull frog, and tree frog that around 200 frog species have Team in Chiana, Ghana, tree plan- trachus sahyadrensis), which and were asked questions about CONTINUED ON PAGE 11 ▼ THE TELEGRAPH TUESDAY 26 FEBRUARY 2019 TECE YOUNG METRO 11 ▼ FROM PAGE 10 Kerry Kriger posed with some beautiful creations made by the students of Rahara Nibedita Art School. These artwork were put on sale at the Silent Auction Kerry Kriger shared an inspiring story of some girls in California, the US, who sent letters to the governor of California and thereby helped lay the counter. The funds collected foundation of a law to save the California red-legged frog went for the development of Rahara Nibedita Art School. I hope after attending this seminar, the students know much more about frogs than they did before and the importance of frogs for the ecosystem. Maybe some of these kids will go on to become professional environmental conservationists or just live in a more intelligent manner to have less impact on the planet. I am very happy with the kind of response we got from the students at the seminar, he said. We have been doing this workshop since 2008, as we are strong The students of Rahara Nibedita Art School painted and crafted items as supporters of Kerry Kriger played some soft tunes on a flute, thereby sharing one of his SaveThe Frogs’ many talents with the young ones. Hritambhara Sanyal (right in picture ideology and activities. below) and Priyanka Swain (left in picture below), Class V students of All the artwork created by St Augustines Day School and also learning art at Rahara Nibedita Art our students were made School, were among the many kids who posed with the paintings. out of waste. If we do not save frogs, there will be more insects, said Hritambhara, — Apurba Banerjee, Principal, who made a frog mask and a painting. Rahara Nibedita Art School In India, there is very little awareness about frogs and how spectacular the amphibian species are in general. Workshops such as these give a detailed understanding of frogs, which students usually don’t get at school — Ashwika Kapur, wildlife filmmaker and photographer We told the students to come with a I think we can The workshop was The seminar was So many species blank mind, involve more fun as well as very infor- are facing the as we wanted people in informative.The mative. My threat of to inform spreading concept of classmates extinction. Frogs them about awareness protecting frogs andIhave are just one of frogs from scratch. about the inspires me. I will already started them, which this Currently, our foundation danger facing try my best to discussing if we seminar focussed is working towards frogs by signing spread awareness about can set up a small pool on. I think small actions community sensitisation and petitions online, and going on this problem among my friends, as as we were told in the seminar, like these can make a huge impact environmental awareness to frog-watching tours like we the first step towards making the to maintain the natural habitat of in spreading awareness about the engage city people in the go on bird-watching tours. world a better place for frogs. frogs and help conserve them. current environmental issues. conservation of nature. — Aarshi Jain, IBDP Year 2, — Tanish Kejriwal, Class XI, The — Aryan Banerjee, Class XI, — Chandni Raghani — Sarbani Deb The Heritage School Heritage School The Heritage School IBDP Year 1, The Heritage School Secretary of WISH Foundation Text by Madhurima Kar, pictures by Biswajit Kundu.
Recommended publications
  • Tadpole Consumption Is a Direct Threat to the Endangered Purple Frog, Nasikabatrachus Sahyadrensis
    SALAMANDRA 51(3) 252–258 30 October 2015 CorrespondenceISSN 0036–3375 Correspondence Tadpole consumption is a direct threat to the endangered purple frog, Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis Ashish Thomas & S. D. Biju Systematics Lab, Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India Corresponding author: S. D. Biju, e-mail: [email protected] Manuscript received: 5 July 2014 Accepted: 30 December 2014 by Alexander Kupfer Amphibians across the world are suffering alarming popu- Southeast Asia have witnessed drastic population declines lation declines with nearly one third of the ca 7,300 species caused by overexploitation over the last couple of decades being threatened worldwide (Stuart et al. 2008, Wake & (Warkentin et al. 2008). Often, natural populations are Vredenburg 2008, IUCN 2014). Major factors attributed harvested without regard of the consequences or implica- to the decline include habitat destruction (Houlahan et tions of this practice on the dynamics or sustainability of al. 2000, Sodhi et al. 2008), chemical pollution (Ber ger the exploited populations (Getz & Haight 1989). When 1998), climate change (Adams 1999, Carpenter & Tur- the extent of exploitation is greater than the sustaining ca- ner 2000), diseases (McCallum 2007, Cushman 2006), pacity or turnover rate of a species, there is every possi- and invasive species (Boone & Bridges 2003). The West- bility that the species may become locally extinct, which ern Ghats of India, a global hotspot for amphibian diver- would subsequently have drastic ecological implications sity and endemism (Biju 2001, Biju & Bossuyt 2003), has in the particular region (Duffy 2002, Wright et al. 2006, more than 40% of its amphibian fauna threatened with ex- Carpenter et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Being Highly Sensitive to Environmental Changes
    Being highly sensitive to environmental changes, frogs are a wonderful barometer of the health of Peron's tree frog Recent studies show that four frog species are (Litoria peronii): has a harsh call. Found extinct and, of the 210 species found in Australia, throughout much of seven are critically endangered, eight are south-east Australia. endangered and 12 are vulnerable. Generally soft grey in colour, with small green Frogs are found in almost every habitat, speckles particularly in coastal regions of the east, far south- east and across the north. About 30 frog species are native to Victoria Frogs eat small live insects. Tadpoles can be Growling grass frog (Litoria raniformis) listed as Southern brown tree frog (Litoria ewingi): vegetarian, eating weeds and algae, or carnivorous, endangered and restricted to a handful of sites common across much of southern Victoria. a diet that includes smaller siblings. around Melbourne, including Werribee Open Range High "cree, cree, cree" call, often from grass stems at night Loss and general degradation of habitat, such as Zoo. Distinctive crawark, crok" call. the draining of swamps, and pollution from general Stuttering frog (Mixophyes balbus): this ground- Cane toad (Bufo mannus): introduced to run-off and industrial chemicals, has put many dwelling frog has not been seen in Victoria for 30 Australia in the 1930s in a failed attempt to control species at risk. Chytrid fungus is a threat, as are years, and populations in southern NSW are declining the sugar-cane weevil. Is widespread across north- predators, both native and introduced, such as Listed as vulnerable.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Species of the Genus Nasikabatrachus (Anura, Nasikabatrachidae) from the Eastern Slopes of the Western Ghats, India
    Alytes, 2017, 34 (1¢4): 1¢19. A new species of the genus Nasikabatrachus (Anura, Nasikabatrachidae) from the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats, India S. Jegath Janani1,2, Karthikeyan Vasudevan1, Elizabeth Prendini3, Sushil Kumar Dutta4, Ramesh K. Aggarwal1* 1Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR-CCMB), Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, 500007, India. <[email protected]>, <[email protected]>. 2Current Address: 222A, 5th street, Annamalayar Colony, Sivakasi, 626123, India.<[email protected]>. 3Division of Vertebrate Zoology, Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York NY 10024-5192, USA. <[email protected]>. 4Nature Environment and Wildlife Society (NEWS), Nature House, Gaudasahi, Angul, Odisha. <[email protected]>. * Corresponding Author. We describe a new species of the endemic frog genus Nasikabatrachus,from the eastern slopes of the Western Ghats, in India. The new species is morphologically, acoustically and genetically distinct from N. sahyadrensis. Computed tomography scans of both species revealed diagnostic osteological differences, particularly in the vertebral column. Male advertisement call analysis also showed the two species to be distinct. A phenological difference in breeding season exists between the new species (which breeds during the northeast monsoon season; October to December), and its sister species (which breeds during the southwest monsoon; May to August). The new species shows 6 % genetic divergence (K2P) at mitochondrial 16S rRNA (1330 bp) partial gene from its congener, indicating clear differentiation within Nasikabatra- chus. Speciation within this fossorial lineage is hypothesized to have been caused by phenological shift in breeding during different monsoon seasons—the northeast monsoon in the new species versus southwest monsoon in N.
    [Show full text]
  • Amphibiaweb's Illustrated Amphibians of the Earth
    AmphibiaWeb's Illustrated Amphibians of the Earth Created and Illustrated by the 2020-2021 AmphibiaWeb URAP Team: Alice Drozd, Arjun Mehta, Ash Reining, Kira Wiesinger, and Ann T. Chang This introduction to amphibians was written by University of California, Berkeley AmphibiaWeb Undergraduate Research Apprentices for people who love amphibians. Thank you to the many AmphibiaWeb apprentices over the last 21 years for their efforts. Edited by members of the AmphibiaWeb Steering Committee CC BY-NC-SA 2 Dedicated in loving memory of David B. Wake Founding Director of AmphibiaWeb (8 June 1936 - 29 April 2021) Dave Wake was a dedicated amphibian biologist who mentored and educated countless people. With the launch of AmphibiaWeb in 2000, Dave sought to bring the conservation science and basic fact-based biology of all amphibians to a single place where everyone could access the information freely. Until his last day, David remained a tirelessly dedicated scientist and ally of the amphibians of the world. 3 Table of Contents What are Amphibians? Their Characteristics ...................................................................................... 7 Orders of Amphibians.................................................................................... 7 Where are Amphibians? Where are Amphibians? ............................................................................... 9 What are Bioregions? ..................................................................................10 Conservation of Amphibians Why Save Amphibians? .............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Postembryonic Skeletal Ontogeny of the Indian Purple Frog, Nasikabatrachus Sahyadrensis (Anura: Nasikabatrachidae)
    Biology Faculty Publications Biology 3-2016 From Clinging to Digging: The oP stembryonic Skeletal Ontogeny of the Indian Purple Frog, Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis (Anura: Nasikabatrachidae) Gayani Senevirathne University of Peradeniya Ashish Thomas University of Delhi Ryan R. Kerney Gettysburg College See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://cupola.gettysburg.edu/biofac Part of the Animal Sciences Commons, and the Biology Commons Share feedback about the accessibility of this item. Senevirathne, Gayani, Ashish Thomas, Ryan R. Kerney, James Hanken, S.D. Biju, and Madhava Meegaskumbura. "From Clinging to Digging: The osP tembryonic Skeletal Ontogeny of the Indian Purple Frog, Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis (Anura: Nasikabatrachidae)." PLoS ONE 11.3 (March 2016), e0151114. This open access article is brought to you by The uC pola: Scholarship at Gettysburg College. It has been accepted for inclusion by an authorized administrator of The uC pola. For more information, please contact [email protected]. From Clinging to Digging: The oP stembryonic Skeletal Ontogeny of the Indian Purple Frog, Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis (Anura: Nasikabatrachidae) Abstract The ndI ian Purple frog, Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis, occupies a basal phylogenetic position among neobatrachian anurans and has a very unusual life history. Tadpoles have a large ventral oral sucker, which they use to cling to rocks in torrents, whereas metamorphs possess adaptations for life underground. The developmental changes that underlie these shifts in ah bits and habitats, and especially the internal remodeling of the cranial and postcranial skeleton, are unknown. Using a nearly complete metamorphic series from free- living larva to metamorph, we describe the postembryonic skeletal ontogeny of this ancient and unique monotypic lineage.
    [Show full text]
  • Hand and Foot Musculature of Anura: Structure, Homology, Terminology, and Synapomorphies for Major Clades
    HAND AND FOOT MUSCULATURE OF ANURA: STRUCTURE, HOMOLOGY, TERMINOLOGY, AND SYNAPOMORPHIES FOR MAJOR CLADES BORIS L. BLOTTO, MARTÍN O. PEREYRA, TARAN GRANT, AND JULIÁN FAIVOVICH BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY HAND AND FOOT MUSCULATURE OF ANURA: STRUCTURE, HOMOLOGY, TERMINOLOGY, AND SYNAPOMORPHIES FOR MAJOR CLADES BORIS L. BLOTTO Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”–CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina MARTÍN O. PEREYRA División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”–CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva “Claudio J. Bidau,” Instituto de Biología Subtropical–CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina TARAN GRANT Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Coleção de Anfíbios, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Research Associate, Herpetology, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History JULIÁN FAIVOVICH División Herpetología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”–CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Research Associate, Herpetology, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American
    [Show full text]
  • Faculty Details Proforma Updated July 2020
    Faculty details proforma Updated July 2020 Title Dr. First Name Sathyabhama Das Last Name BIJU Designation Professor & Head, Dean Faculty of Science Department Department of Environmental Studies , Systematics Lab, Address North Campus, University of Delhi 110 007 (Campus) (Residence) Maurice Nagar, Delhi 110 007 Phone No - (Campus) (Residence) - Mobile 9871933622 Fax - Email [email protected] I [email protected] Web-Page http://www.frogindia.org Education Institution Year Details PhD Vrije Universiteit Brussel 2007 Animal Science (Amphibians) PhD Calicut University 1999 Botany (Angiosperms) MSc Kerala University 1987 Botany BSc Kerala University 1985 Botany (Zoology + Chemistry) Career Profile Organisation / Institution Designation Duration Role University of Delhi Professor 2012-till date Research and teaching University of Delhi Associate Professor 2009-2012 Research and teaching University of Delhi Reader 2006- 2009 Research and teaching Vrije Universiteit Brussel Herpetologist 2004-2006 Research TBGRI, Thiruvananthapuram Scientist 1992-2004 Research Administrative assignments Dean: Faculty of Science: May 2019 – Head: Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi: May 2019 – Member: Academic Council and Executive Council, University of Delhi: May 2019 – Chairperson and Member: Various University and Department level committees 2010-present: Director, LOST! Amphibians of India http://www.lostspeciesindia.org/LAI2/ 2009-present: Director, Western Ghats Network of Protected Areas for Threatened Amphibians (WNPATA) http://www.wnpata.org/
    [Show full text]
  • Predators of the Purple Frog Nasikabatrachus Sahyadrensis Biju and Bossuyt, 2003
    Herpetology Notes, volume 14: 247-249 (2021) (published online on 01 February 2021) Predators of the Purple Frog Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis Biju and Bossuyt, 2003 Sandeep Das1,2,*, Pulikunnel Syed Easa2, Nithin Divakar3, Ashish Thomas4, and Benjamin Tapley5 Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis Biju and Bossuyt, 2003 sahyadrensis adults and provide further information on is an evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered the predators of its tadpoles. species and is considered a global priority for species Whilst undertaking a long term study (2012−2020) on conservation (Gumbs et al. 2018). Previous studies have the reproductive biology of N. sahyadrensis at a seasonal uncovered certain aspects of its ecology and behaviour stream in the Thrissur Forest Division, Kerala, India (Dutta et al., 2004; Raj et al., 2011; Zachariah et al., (10.5751 ºN, 76.3092 ºE, 89 m a.s.l.) we observed many 2012; Thomas et al., 2014, 2019; Senevirathne et al., dead female frogs in a 50 m stretch of stream during 2016) and such studies on life history and ecology the breeding season, May–June (2012, N = 6; 2013, N are recommended as they can inform subsequent = 5; 2014, N = 8; 2015, N = 5; 2016, N = 6; 2017; N conservation action (Biju, 2004). Adult frogs are fossorial = 6; 2018, N = 10; 2019, N = 6; 2020, N = 2). All the (Biju and Bossuyt, 2003) and they emerge to breed dead frogs were gravid female N. sahyadrensis, and for a brief period during pre-monsoon showers (Dutta were usually found on rocks beside a seasonal stream. et al., 2004) where male frogs call from underground The flank of the frogs had been split open and clumps burrows (Thomas et al., 2014).
    [Show full text]
  • Diversity of Diversity of Anura
    Diversity of Anura WFS 433/533 1/24/2013 Lecture goal To familiarize students with the different families of the order anura. To familiarize students with aspects of natural history and world distribution of anurans Required readings: Wells: pp. 15-41 http://amphibiaweb.org/aw/index.html Lecture roadmap Characteristics of Anurans Anuran Diversity Anuran families, natural history and world distribution 1 What are amphibians? These foul and loathsome animals are abhorrent because of their cold body, pale color, cartilaginous skeleton, filthy skin, fierce aspect, calculating eye, offensive smell, harsh voice, squalid habitation, and terrible venom; and so their Creator has not exerted his powers to make many of them. Carl von Linne (Linnaeus) Systema Naturae (1758) What are frogs? A thousand splendid suns, a million moons, a billion twinkle stars are nothing compared to the eyes of a frog in the swamp —Miss Piggy about Kermit, in Larry king live, 1993 Diversity of anurans Global Distribution 30 Families 4963 spec ies Groups: •Archaeobatrachia (4 families) •Mesobatrachia (5 families) 30 Families •Neobatrachia (all other families) 2 No. of Known Species in Number of Species Number of Species in Family World in the United States? Tennessee? Allophrynidae 10 0 Arthroleptidae 78 0 0 Ascaphidae 22 0 Bombinatoridae 11 0 0 Brachycephalidae 60 0 Bufonidae 457 23 2 Centrolenidae 139 0 0 Dendrobatidae 219 1* 0 Discoglossidae 11 0 0 Heleophrynidae 60 0 Hemisotidae 90 0 Hylidae 851 29* 10 Hyperoliidae 253 0 0 Leiopelmatidae 40 0 30 families Leptodactylidae
    [Show full text]
  • Anoop Das Sighting Record of Pig Nosed Frog 1488
    NEW RECORD ZOOS' PRINT JOURNAL 21(9): 2410 RECORD OF NASIKABATRACHUS FROM THE NORTHERN WESTERN GHATS K.S. Anoop Das Division of Conservation Ecology, Salim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History, Anaikatti (PO), Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641108, India Email: [email protected] Palghat gap The recently described Purple Frog / Pig-nosed Frog Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis Biju & Bossuyt (Family Sooglossidae: see Frost et al., 2006) was recorded from type locality Kattappana (Biju & Bossuyt, 2003). It has been reported from Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary (Pollachi), Anamalais (Dutta et al., 2004), Kothamangalam, Moolamattom, Peerumedu, Melukav & Erumely (Andrews et al., 2005) and Karuvarakkundu 0 (Jafer Palot, pers. comm.) south of the Palghat gap. Distribution of this species is inadequately known due to lack of exhaustive surveys Silent Valley NP Records of N. sahyadrensis by Biju & Bossuyt, 2003 and possibly because of its cryptic nature (IUCN et al., 2006). and IUCN et al., 2006. Records of N. sahyadrensis by Dutta et al., 2004, Andrews et al., 2005, The present communication reports the occurrence of and J. Palot (pers. comm.) Nasikabatrachus sp. in Silent Valley National Park (SVNP) 0 0 Figure 1. Sighting record of Nasikabatrachus sp. from (11 4'-13'N & 76 24'-29'E), in the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve and northern Western Ghats is predominately covered with the tropical rain forests with an annual rainfall of 3200 to 7500mm. REFERENCES One specimen of Nasikabatrachus sp. was observed on 17 Andrews, M.I., S. George and J. Joseph (2005). A survey of the May 2003 in Nilikkal, bordering SVNP. The specimen was not amphibian fauna of Kerala - distribution and status.
    [Show full text]
  • Amphibian Ark News
    Number 15, June 2011 The Amphibian Ark team is pleased to send you the latest edition of our e- newsletter. We hope you enjoy reading it. Amphibian Ark photography contest winners announced! The Amphibian Ark Amphibian Ark photography contest winners Pre-order your 2012 AArk announced! calendars now! What an amazing response to our amphibian photography competition! And the winners are.... AArk 2011 Seed Grant Read More >> winners Pre-order your 2012 AArk calendars now! Wouldn't you like to be an The twelve winning photos from our international amphibian photography AArk Sustaining Donor too? competition have now been made into a beautiful calendar for 2012. You can order your calendars now! Conservation Needs Read More >> Assessment workshop for Caribbean amphibians AArk 2011 Seed Grant winners New AArk brochure and Amphibian Ark is pleased to announce the winners of the 2011 Seed Grant booklet program. These $5,000 competitive grants are designed to fund small start-up projects that are in need of seed money in order to build successful long-term programs that attract larger funding. New Frog MatchMaker Read More >> projects Launch of the Global Wouldn't you like to be an AArk Sustaining Donor too? Amphibian Blitz In 2009, three institutions pledged to donate their current amount of general operating support to the Amphibian Ark each year through 2013. We’re asking other zoos, aquariums and other facilities to follow their lead and become AArk Frog vets on the go! Sustaining Donors. Amphibian Veterinary Outreach Program continues Read More >> work in Ecuador Conservation Needs Assessment workshop for Conservation and breeding of Caribbean amphibians the Japanese Giant In March 2011, Amphibian AArk staff facilitated two Amphibian Conservation Needs Salamander at Asa Zoo Assessment workshops in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic, in the Caribbean.
    [Show full text]
  • Interspecific and Intraspecific Size and Shape Variation in Skull of Two Closely Related Species Bufo Bufo (Linnaeus, 1758)
    Turkish Journal of Zoology Turk J Zool (2021) 45: 91-101 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/zoology/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/zoo-2009-8 Interspecific and intraspecific size and shape variation in skull of two closely related species Bufo bufo (Linnaeus, 1758) and Bufo verrucosissimus (Pallas, 1814) from Turkey Nazan ÜZÜM1,* , Nurhayat ÖZDEMİR2 , Cantekin DURSUN2 , Bilal KUTRUP3 , Serkan GÜL2 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University, Rize, Turkey 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey Received: 09.09.2020 Accepted/Published Online: 02.03.2021 Final Version: 24.03.2021 Abstract: Anurans are the most suitable vertebrate group to see the development and also evolution in the skull, compared to other terrestrial vertebrates as they show highly derived morphology. For this reason, the cranium of anurans has been widely used for analyzing e.g., development and integration, evolutionary history, phylogenetic relationships, sexual dimorphism; and for taxon determination. We applied geometric morphometric techniques and then multivariate statistical analyses to see the skull size and shape variations in closely related Bufo species (B. bufo and B. verrucosissimus) inhabiting Turkey. Females have larger skull than males for both species. Ventral skull size of males differed between species and within species (among populations) whereas dorsal skulls differed only among populations. In females, only size of ventral skull side differs only among populations. Dorsal skull shape differs between the species in male individuals, while in females both dorsal and ventral skulls show a significant variation among populations.
    [Show full text]