New York socialist campaign launched - See page 16

The Nigeria- Biafra war p. 4 THE Smuggle d re port from Mexico iail p. 5 Gl describes Army censorship p. 6 Women's liberation ne ws p. 7 MILITANT Student Mobe conference p. 11 Published in the Interests of the Working People Vol, J-1 No, 3 Priduy, ,Jqnuury 30, 1970 Pricw I Sc The Czech 'Trotskyite plot' p. 13 Double squeeze coming up; less iobs, higher prices - aee page 10

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l11•:sn:rr PltOFITEER ' 'l'hl'l!. ~ trlklng CE WLos Angeles, Calif. In the Chicago "conspiracy" trial we Canada, $20.00; Latin America and Eu­ see the features of the political trial rope, $40.00; Africa, Australia, Asia (including The following are excerpts from an which is directed at the climate of our USSR), $50.00. Writ~ for sealed air postage article by Jack Weinberg which ap­ our readers rates. Signed articles by contributors do not peared in the Jan. 9 Los Angeles Free country rather than the defendants. necessarily represent TheMilitant'sviews. These are expressed in editorials. Press: This column is an open forum In 1951, at the time of the Rosenberg­ fpr all viewpoints on .. $ubjects of "About 75 radical high school stu­ Sobell conspiracy trial, the issues of the Volume 34 Number 3 dents from more than a dozen L. A. g$leral· i:(lterest to our readt!l'S· day were the Cold War with the Soviet schools got together for a conference Please keep your letters brief. \\here union, the atom bomb, the Korean War, Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 over the weekend of Dec. 26 through necessary· they ·will be abridged. and the need to intimidate and press 28. It began as a conference of high Writers' initials will be used, names into conformity those who sought peace school SDS, RYM II. By the end, how­ and brotherhood. The scapegoats were Closing news date-Jan. 23 withheld ever, the group had severed its connec­ being. unless authorization minority group dissenters. tions with SDS, and the RYM II fac­ is givert for 'IJSe. tion, which once dominated the orga­ Today the issue:s are domestic ones nization, emerged from the meeting as which can be resolved only with our cigarette tax just went up 5c this past a minority, but a large one . . . The withdrawal from Vietnam. The 8 defen­ weekend, and at least one supermarket name, Radical Student Union (RSU), dants (Bobby Seale was separated sole­ chain I know of (and probably all of ly as a tactical move) represent move­ them) was busy stamping cigarettes on now replaces SDS as the organizational tion to the resolution: 'The Radical Stu­ ments directed toward peace and justice. Friday with Friday's date so that they banner under which the group will oper­ dent Union's eventual goal is the aboli­ It is for this reason they have been would not have to pay the new tax ate. tion of all exploitation, racism and im­ handpicked as the focal point for all which went into effect Monday. Of "Besides the RYM II caucus, which perialism ... Under capitalism there of the hate and prejudice, rampant and course, customers have to pay the new included the incumbent leadership of can be no equality, only division. Its latent, which is still being nurtured in tax, and the store profits to the tune of the organization, there was a Valley basic foundation is exploitation, its ex­ our country. 5c a pack. Independent Student Coalition caucus tension is imperialism. The fight against It certainly pays not to smoke. I and a Revolutionary Socialist Caucus student oppression must be fought si­ Each of these men of conscience has would suggest that any Pennsylvania multaneously with the fight against the committed the crime of refusing to ac­ smokers who buy cigarettes in the near "Members of the Valley group asserted oppression of all peoples ... We must cept war and injustice. David Dellinger, future look for the date stamped on the that RYM II had refused to at all con­ fight this system, attacking it from every Tom Hayden, Lee Weiner, Bobby Seale, pack, and if it is before January 12, <.-ern itself with the problems students possible aspect. ... John Froines, Abbie Hoffman, Rennie demand to pay the lower price. face and as a result was unable to ap­ "The Radical Student Union has set Davis, and Jerry Rubin are vital, think­ Amy Lowenstein peal to students. . . . up temporary headquarters in Van ing human beings. We must not remain "RYM members argued against orga­ Nuys at 7105 Hayvenhurst Ave., silent while they are pushed around as nizing high school students around their 91401. The phone is 787-6925 ...." pawns in political attacks upon the peo­ A responsible socialist oppression as students because students, In sending this article, I'd like to ple. as such, were a privileged group. It is make a correction. The convention be­ Let it not be too little and too late. The following letter was recently re­ necessary to get them to repudiate their gan as High School SDS, not High Speak out now, organize now. Give un­ ceived by the Young Socialist Alliance privileges in order to effectively forge School SDS, RYM II. High School SDS stintingly, of your store of skills and national office. a unity of the oppressed. . . . began originally as High School Stu­ money. Please send your check now to Everett, Wash. "The RSC attacked the Maoism of dent Union. But at its founding con­ the Chicago Defense Fund, 28 E. Jack­ I read the December Young Socialist RYM and expressed the view that so­ vention in Sept. 1969, Mike Klonsky son Blvd., Chicago, Ill. 60604. and found its ideas very sound and cialism could not be separated from of RYM II attended and persuaded the We urge that you make this action convincing. I therefore feel that it is workers democracy-something, they people there to change the name to High your New Year's wish, as we have my responsibility as a socialist to ask asserted, which was not present in the School SDS. The people in the orga­ made it ours. to join the YSA. countries RYM idolized.... nization merely took on the name of Morton and Helen Sobell I would like information on how I "The decisive vote at the convention SDS while only partly agreeing with can start a YSA movement in my came on a resolution submitted by the its politics. Curious school, Cascade High School. Valley group and supported by the Gary Vogan M.F. RSC. . . . Quoting from the introduc- Revolutionary Socialist Caucus New York, N.Y. I am curious (red). According to the Benefit film showings "Boy, You Had Me Worried for a Moment There- article in The Militant Jan. 16 there was 1 Thought You Said Three to Five Years!" a Chicano Moratorium Day demonstra­ New York, N.Y. tion in Los Angeles. But the accompa­ Co-defendants Jane Alpert and Dave nying photo referred to it as a "Chicago" Hughey charged with bombing capi­ demonstration. Which was it? talist office buildings and federal prop­ J.B. erty, will be at two film screenings at [We goofed. The "Chicago" in the cap­ the Elgin Theater, 19th Street and 8th tion should have been "Chicano."­ Avenue, Manhattan, on Sunday, Jan. Editor] 25 at midnight, and Tuesday, Jan. 27 at midnight. Yippie! and Emile de An­ Meaningful answers tonio's In the Year of the P.ig will be shown Jan. 25, The Battle of Algiers and Yippie!will be shown Jan. 27. Lake Elmo, Minn. A $1.50 per person contribution will Thanks for providing a newspaper go to the Alpert-Hughey-Melville De­ that inspires free spirit, gives meaning­ fense Fund. Sam Melville, the third de­ ful answers to today's tragedy in polit­ fendant, is still in jail in lieu of $100,- ical problems, and, most of all, en­ 000 bail. Call American Documentary courages many to work for a better Films, co-sponsor of the midnight mo­ way of life rather than give up and ride the polluted sea of American social, po­ vies, at 212-790-7440 for further infor­ litical, economic, and racist sewage. mation. If you cannot come, send B.P. checks made out to Alpert-Hughey-Mel­ ville Defense Fund to: American Docu­ mentary Films, 336 W. 84 St., New Grateful York, N.Y. 10024. Henry L. Hoffman Endicott, N.Y. American Documentary Films Without a doubt The Militant is the most important and most useful printed material we've found in our efforts to stop American aggression throughout Now a Pamphlet! IF YOU SUPPORT THE ANTIWAR MOVEMENT, THE BLACK LIBERA­ the world as well as here at home. Overall, we've learned from all the TION STRUGGLE, THE WOMEN'S LIBERATION MOVEMENT, THE articles you've printed but our greatest Revolutionary Strategy FIGHT FOR SOCIALIST DEMOCRACY IN EASTERN EUROPE, A. SO­ knowledge has been learned from your informative antiwar articles. CIALIST AMERICA, YOU BELONG IN THE YSA ... Since all of our members are totally in tile opposed to American "involvement" in ------clipandmail ------Vietnam, and while most of us support world revolution and express support Imperialist Countries Young Socialist Alliance, Box ~71 Cooper Station, New York, N.Y. 10003. for the National Liberation Front, we are grateful for your publication. D I would like more information D I wont to join the YSA Larry Paradis, Chairman By Ernest Mandel 35C Students for Radical Change Nome . THE SPEECH NIXON AND MITCHELL TRIED TO BAN

Address Those sneaky capitalists Pathfinder Press (formerly Merit Publishers) Philadelphia, Pa. . Zip . 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003 Coly Stole The sneakiness of capitalists never ceases to amaze me. The Pennsylvania Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 THE MiliTANT Page 3 A MILITANT INTERVIEW How N.Y. Young Lords developed

NEW YORK-The New York Young Lords Organization recently gained na­ tional prominence when on Dec. 28 they occupied the First Spanish Metho­ dist Church in overwhelmingly Puerto Rican East Harlem. The church authori­ ties had refused to cooperate in providing any of the social programs desperately needed in the barrio. Dur­ ing their occupation of the church, which ended with a mass bust on Jan. 7, the Young Lords conducted a break­ fast program for children, health pro­ grams, a variety of classes, and other social programs. Miguel Padilla, Socialist Workers Par­ ty candidate for New York state attor­ ney general interviewed Felipe Luciano, New York state chairman of the Young Lords Organization, for The Militant. The following is the transcript of that interview.) * * * Q. The first question I'd like to ask you is when and why did the Young Lords get together? A. It started really in Chicago, pri­ marily as a street gang. As you know, Chicago is a community where the ag­ gression, as in any ghetto community, Felipe Luciano (at mike) in church steps interview is turned inward, leading to the forma­ because it related not only to the cam­ Q. What was your next campaign? through the streets proved to be effec­ tion of gangs. And a lot of social status pus, not only to the homes, but also tive in terms of getting the people out. depends upon what gang you are in to the streets. And by unanimous vote A. The next thing we decided to do We had tried to get to the board of and what position you hold. As time we decided to switch over to become was to go through a whole period of directors, and had been met by six went by, political consciousness, gained the Young Lords Organization. We still internal restructuring. You see, many cops at the door. We had written a through the mass media, through con­ have most of the members of the La organizations, unfortunately, are based letter to the congregation, and had been tacts with the Panthers, and through con­ Sociedad Albizu Campos in the YLO. on image rather than substance. And given a no. For six or seven weeks, tacts with other political groups, forced This was the summer of '69. Our what they tend to do is involve them­ we went to services with the congrega­ the Young Lords to decide as a group first offensive, as you know, was the selves so much in offensives that they tion, worshipped with them, sang with that cutting each other up was not al­ garbage thing. never really have a chance to restruc­ them, and then after the services, we leviating the problems of housing, jobs, Now there are a multiplicity of prob­ ture their organization, instill the kind would go down in coffee clatches and racism, police oppression, etc. So they lems here in El Barrio. We decided of discipline, the kind of revolutionary talk to them. Many of them were com­ decided to become political. And when upon garbage, because it was the area discipline gained through political edu­ ing around to our point of view. they did that, they changed from the that was most neglected and !ended cation, that is needed for effective of­ Young Lords to the Young Lords Or­ fensives. I think it was around Dec. 1 when itself to a great deal of visibility since Carrazana made one of the most ven­ ganization. Cha Cha Jimenez became it was lying all over the streets. As Many people can quote this and can the national chairman after making the quote that, but they have no substan­ omous sermons that I've ever heard, you know the Department of Garbage, comparing the Young Lords Organi­ transition from gang leader to political DOG, was not in any way responding tive background in terms of how those organization leader. quotes are related to El Barrio. We zation to Hitler, Mussolini, AI Capone, to the problems of garbage pickup. Here John Dillinger, and every other maniac. What happened here in New York in El Barrio it's a haphazard pickup. went through a very heavy political is that a group of Puerto Ricans, my­ education, where our people would not We had asked for programs to be run And when there is pickup, most of the in cooperation, in conjunction, with the self included, had a kind of a college­ residents get very mad because half of only know the facets of Marxism and street Puerto Rican organization called the different factions within it, but also church-not that we control the whole the garbage is thrown into the truck, institution. La Sociedad Albizu Campos. [Pedro and the other half is strewn in the streets. begin to understand the nature of na­ Albizu Campos was a martyred lead­ We felt that this would be the kind oi tionalism, revolutionary nationalism; So on Dec. 7, I rose to speak during er of the Puerto Rican independence thing that would attract people's atten­ what our island is about; the hookups services. I think I got a few words out movement.] And we were trying to find tion and begin to let them know that between Puerto Rico and the mainland; before the police rolled in and pounced ways to relate not only to the campus we were not raving maniacs, as many the difference between urban Puerto upon us. We had about 20 Young but to the streets as well. Some of us revolutionary organizations are labeled Ricans and rural Puerto Ricans; what Lords in there, with a lot of community had gone over to Chicago, liked what already. conditions brought about the 1937 supporters. Four community supporters we saw, were very impressed by the But we found that the cleanup was Ponce massacre; and how we evolved and nine Young Lords were arrested. I kind of organization that the Young basically ineffective. Because after we'd here in New York City. received a broken arm- two bones in Lords had in Chicago, and brought my right arm were broken by the clubs pile it up and put it in garbage cans, Q. What were the basic issues involved the idea over here. We decided, after -and eight stitches in my head. Some it would never be picked up. So after in the First Spanish Methodist Church meeting, that it would be the best kind of the other Lords were beaten and re­ three weeks, the community residents occupation? of organizational structure to adhere to and ourselves decided that the only quired stitches; five were hospitalized. thing to do in order to focus the prob­ A. The basic issue was that a church The minimum amount of stitches re­ quired was eight, by the way-they lem on garbage disposal is to throw that was in the community, that was were deep cuts. One sister received 22 the garbage into the streets. And so we public property, and that received tax blocked northbound and southbound exemptions on that basis, had to be stitches in her head. traffic on Lexington Avenue, Madison responsive to the community, had to The issue then became one of the Avenue, and many times on First open up its doors to the community. state storming into a traditional sanc­ Avenue, lllth Street, and 109th Street The church was closed six days a week, tuary, the church. And that is when in lightening-like guerrilla raids. Now and 85% of the congregation didn't the community really came out. From we knew that this would have a duai live in El Barrio. The last fact would community leaders to the politicians effect: one, the garbage would get picked not have been so bad had they had and the media, the relation of the church up; and two, white folks would get very programs that were responding to the to the community began to come into mad at the fact that they couldn't get community's needs, but they didn't. clear focus. to Yonkers, New Rochelle, and Mount Their objection to any breakfast pro­ * * * Vernon. gram or any community program was (At present 107 people are facing Having that dual advantage, we could based on an isolationist point of view. civil contempt charges stemming from ~eally begin to focus upon the prob­ We went around to other churches the occupation of the First Spanish lem of garbage disposal. Needless to in El Barrio and each of them had Methodist Church. A hearing has been say, the garbage was picked up in two some kind of antipoverty or church scheduled for January 26. In addition, hours. And the people saw that once program running, so they had no space six Young Lords including Felipe Lu­ they took to the streets to demand the available. We decided to focus on the ciano are facing additional charges red fist silkscreened on First Spanish Methodist Church because sturdy 18/24 in. white redress of their grievances, they would stemming from the Dec. 7 incident. get an answer to their problems. And it had the space and was not using it. in paper 75c Their trials will take place April. the answer was pickup. So it was ef­ (Contributions to the legal defense Q. How did the community react to mandala fective, and it was a victory for us. can be sent to Young Lords Organi­ the occupation? box 3673 That was the beginning, the first for­ zation, 1678 Madison Ave., New York, tucson, arizona 85700 mal campaign by the Young Lords A The community reacted very fa­ N.Y. 10029. Telephone: 427-7754 or Organization. vorably. Leaflets, rallies, and marches 427-7755.) Page 4 THE MILITANT Friday, January 30, 1970 A view from Black Africa Biafra and self-determination

We are presenting this analysis of potic oriental medievalism, the Yoru­ It was to be expected that soon af­ the Nigerian civil war, by I. B. Tabata, bas under feudalism, and the Ibos, ter the over lordship of the British was for the information of our readers. A through force of circumstance, devel­ withdrawn, the centrifugal forces with­ long-time leader of the struggle against oped a trading class. It was on these in the society would come to the fore. South Africa's apartheid system, I. B. heterogeneous nationalities and nu­ The contradictions within were many Tabata is president of the African Peo­ merous others that Britain imposed and varied. There were the emirates ple's Democratic Union of Southern Af­ a single national state of Nigeria im­ rica (APDUSA). He is now living in of the North which sought to impose mediately before she granted political exile in Zambia. their political influence over the whole Though written last March, Tabata's independence to it with a constitution of Nigeria. In this they had the back­ article offers a valuable analysis of that ensured that political power was ing of Britain, for with their back­ the Nigerian conflict. It is especially fully in the hands of the most back­ ward-looking social system, imperial­ useful in light of the difficulty revolu­ ward section of the North. ism could ensure its continued eco­ tionaries in this country have had gath­ The point to remember is that the nomic domination. There were the ering adequate facts upon which to base national state was not born as a re­ kingdoms of the Yorubas, who were an informed assessment of a very com­ sult of the struggle of the national interested in entrenching their own hi­ plex situation. bourgeoisie, that is to say, it did not This article is abridged. A complete erarchical system, with all its privi­ arise as a consequence of the inner version appears in the Jan. 26 issue leges, over the minority groups and of Intercontinental Press which also fea­ dynamics of the natural development serfs. Then there was the Ibo mer­ tures a news article on the defeat of of progressive forces. It was an ar­ chant class, whose interest lay in the Biafra by Les Evans, managing editor bitrary imposition solely in the inter­ abolition of all medieval and feudal of IP. (See abridged version below.) ests of foreign finance capital. Despite vestiges for the free development of The same issue contains a description the constitution, the different groups, capital. And, finally, there were the of U.S. penetration of Nigeria, by the by and large, continued to identify working class and poor peasantry. African Study Group of Cambridge, themselves according to their tribal In the welter of these irreconcilable Mass., and a statement by Jean-Paul affiliations. The notable exception was forces at work, it was inevitable that Sartre and other leading French intel­ the Ibo section. Within this group had an explosion would sooner or later lectuals decrying the wholesale slaugh­ developed a merchant class whose in­ ter of the Biafran people. occur. For a time the leaders of var­ A 6-month subscription to Intercon­ terests demanded a unified national ious groupings attempted to effect a tinental Press (published weekly) costs state. Its representatives spread all reconciliation to stave off the coming $7.50. Single issues are SOc. Send to over Nigeria in pursuit of their trade. holocaust, but the almost unbelievable P. 0. Box 635, Madison Sq. Sta., New In this sense, the lbos were the only corruption and other malpractices in It does not follow from this that York, N.Y. 10010. group who regarded themselves as the higher circles triggered the work­ socialists should support Ojukwu and Nigerians. It was only within this ing class to take action in self-defense. all his policies. But it has to be re­ group and its struggles for a unified Whoever engineered the first coup suc­ membered that the right of equality * * * nation that "a general democratic con­ ceeded in forestalling an upheaval of of nationalities, including secession, tent which is directed against oppres­ no small magnitude from below. A is indisputable. The only questions The Nigeria-Biafra conflict must be sion" was to be found. revolt by the working class at that to be asked are: what are the motives seen in its historic setting, for it car­ time would certainly have had the for such a demand? Would the sat­ ries within it all the sources of con­ sympathy of the dispossessed semi­ isfaction of such a demand help to flicts and contradictions so applicable slaves in the North and the peasantry bring nearer the achievement of pro­ to the continent of Africa as a whole. in the South, Midwest and the East. letarian democracy? Biafra is not on­ In it are to be found the relics of Such a movement had all the poten­ ly a viable state but a potentially rich tialities of a broad national move­ ancient social organisms existing side one. It is also an indubitable fact ment that would cut across all tribal by side with the most modern social that its base is capitalism pure and structures of an industrial age. We affiliations; sweep aside all vestiges of simple, with all the social and polit­ find the hoe alongside the tractor, the medievalism and forge a truly nation­ ical relationships that go with it. spear with the machine gun. The al state, thus performing a task that This does not of course mean that witch-doctor with his craft exists side properly belongs to the bourgeoisie. all the relics of tribalism and other by side with the nuclear physicist; in The military intervention succeeded relationships of the past have been a word, a tribalist, a slave, a feu­ in hoodwinking the masses without completely replaced by bourgeois dalist, a trader, an industri,alist, and being able to eliminate any of the so­ democratic norms. But what it does a worker live side by side. All these cial contradictions. Faced with the mean is that the circumstances created stages were represented in the British­ sharpening social crisis and mounting by the present situation clear the field created Nigerian state. discontent, the rulers dissipated the and create a terrain favorable for the When Britain conquered that part of energy of the masses into the launch­ struggle for socialism. It goes with­ the world, she brought together un­ ing of pogroms which had the effect out saying that this is not the aim of der one administration, peoples of dif­ of debasing the political struggle to the national bourgeoisie. Theirs is the ferent cultural levels of development a most primitive level. In this way, creation and maintenance of a cap­ while at the same time carefully main­ they quashed the nascent aspirations italist exploitative system. To achieve taining and nurturing the differences for nationhood while at the same time this end, the bourgeoisie as a class amongst them. The Fulanis and Hau­ they whipped up fresh fires of racism­ will not scruple to put their country sas of the North lived under a des- I. B. Tabata tribalism. in pawn to imperialism so long as they can be made junior partners in • • an exploiting joint-stock company Ltd. The discovery of the rich oil depos­ The toll of imperialism Nig er1a its in the East is probably the chief motivating factor that influenced the By Les Evans Biafran bourgeoisie to break with Ni­ it never gave the Ojukwu regime for­ nialist government of General Yakubu geria. The thirty-month Nigerian civil war mal recognition and never provided Gowon in Lagos. Peking condemned The same prospects of rich dividends ended January 12 when secessionist the volume of aid the Wilson govern­ the Soviet bureaucrats, ex pressing its galvanized the federal leaders to stake Biafra was finally overwhelmed by ment gave to the other side. own support, albeit critical, for the their claim to the spoils. Thus in the federal troops. The toll in human Some of the most unsavory govern­ Biafrans' right to self-determination. final analysis, the bourgeoisie on both lives was at least 2,000,000 dead, ments in Europe intervened, although sides impelled by the same motive­ more than have perished in the war in The civil conflict was further com­ not usually on the same side. Thus, greed- plunged the country into a Vietnam. plicated by the mixing of tribal, class, Portugal aided Biafra, while Spain grim and bloody carnage. As would From the beginning, rival imperial­ and regional issues. The country it­ was reputedly running guns to Ni­ be expected, this situation sets the stage ist interests intervened in the Nigerian self was an artificial creation of Brit­ geria. for intervention by rival imperialisms. civil war, seeking to deepen their in­ In Africa itself, only four regimes ish imperialism, bringing within ar­ It is true that the policy of the fluence on the African continent. Both bitrary geographical boundaries peo­ recognized secessionist Biafra: Gabon Biafran bourgeoisie is in many re­ sides accepted and sought aid from and the Ivory Coast, both former ple with no common culture or his­ spects condemnable. The despicable the most reactionary sources, and each French colonies; and Zambia and tory. The federation united the semi­ speech delivered the other day by one accused the other of making important Tanzania, nomadic Hausas of the North, the concessions to imperialism to secure Yorubas of the West, and the Ibo!! of the spokesmen calling upon Amer­ ican imperialism to save their coun­ military backing. Washington maintained an ostenta­ of the East, along with many smaller try from communism reflects the op­ The governments of the capitalist tious neutrality, but tacitly supported tribes. world did not regard either side as the Nigerian government, while pro­ With its 60,000,000 people, Nige­ portunism and the basic reactionary a revolutionary threat to their inter­ viding some $80,000,000 in food re­ ria is the most populous country of nature of this class. But this must ests. lief for Biafra- a "humanitarian" pol­ Africa. Biafra, with its Ibo majority, not be allowed to cloud the issue­ Britain, whose British Petroleum­ icy that was also designed to assure claimed 14,000,000 of this number the principle of self-determination and Shell group alone had investments in its influence there if the Biafrans when it seceded on May 30, 1967. concretely the right of the Biafrans Nigeria of nearly $500,000,000, be­ should win their bid for independence. An estimated 3,000,000 persons re­ to secede. There is no question but came a heavy supplier of arms to the Both Moscow and Peking intervened, mained in the Biafran enclave at the that in so far as the Biafrans are federal government at Lagos. too. Moscow joined British imperial­ final collapse. concerned theirs is a people's war for France, Britain's old colonial rival, ism and Franco Spain in providing survival. was Biafra's chief supporter, although massive military aid to the neocolo- (continued on page 5) lntercontinen a/ Press Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 THE MILITANT Page 5 SMUGGLED FROM MEXICAN PRISON How hunger strikers were beaten

[In our last issue we published a lery [ward] door. We had left our gal­ In the fight I saw the general [Gen­ and the other two knifed. Another report from Mexico City on how the lery sometime before, as our visitors eral Andres Puentes Vargas], the di­ comrade is now having his fingers political prisoners, on a hunger strike were being held and not allowed to rector of the prison, no more than two (smashed last night by a pipe) ban­ in Lecumberri prison, were attacked. leave, and we could hear them calling feet away from me, standing as calm­ daged by a friend here in this room. That account, based on the testimony us. ly as if he were at mass, or like an The families of the political prisoners of the wives of the prisoners, described Those from gallery M had to force addict at the height of his trip. N oth­ have been outside the jail protesting how visitors, mainly women and chil­ open two of the barred gates in order ing seemed to faze him and he had no since morning and they continue to dren, were locked in a prison hallway to open other gates to galleries C and reason to be fazed. Who else could telephone and visit every important and not permitted to go home. When N so their comrades could help. When have planned it? Several hundred government official. No results, and the political prisoners heard their cries, we reached where the women were common criminals were armed and the danger still exists that even a sin­ they broke open the gates to their being held, the prisoners from S were sent against 115 political prisoners, gle common prisoner could touch off wards and went to aid their wives and waiting for us with knives and pipes. eighty-five of whom had been on a the spark that would bring the mob children. After some argument, bottles and hunger strike for more than twenty­ back, perhaps to commit mass mur­ [The prison authorities thereupon bricks were thrown and it really be­ three days. The general stood calmly der. armed several hundred common pris­ gan. Guards on the roof hegan firing among the common prisoners ... oners with knives, sticks, and pipes, while the guards below directed the We were quickly beaten back to our • • and turned them loose on the political common prisoners against us. galleries, many of us hurt. We had to prisoners. decide how to defend ourselves when January 3- Grenaderos armedwith [The following eyewitness report was the common prisoners would come submachine guns are outside the pris­ smuggled out of Lecumberri. It de­ again. on and have been since Thursday. scribes what happened in the cell­ Visitors were allowed to see us for the blocks after the visitors were finally first time since the attack. Blankets released.] • • • have been sent us from the outside. Mexico City January 2- The night has passed. Everyone has protested in our behalf; January 1 - I have nothing, not Everyone is tired; we are under siege. that is, friends, families, and those even pen or paper, for these are bor­ Surrounded by the common prisoners, students who know what happened. rowed. The room is so empty that the who are armed with pipes, etc., no one Conditions are really bad in [ward] sound of my breath echoes. My head­ is allowed to leave or enter. It was C. You can look nowhere without see­ ache reminds me of our defeat. A pipe not the best of judgment that led us to ing blood. - I think twice, but I do not remem­ gallery M, just a sort of protective in­ [Ward] N has not been entered, but ber. I had no time to take in all of stinct. Here we are in the worst posi­ we fear for them as they could be at­ what surrounded me. tion. Half of those who were here were tacked at any time. But at least we The prison riot- common prisoners cut off from us last night and went to know that they are well organized and versus political prisoners- a specta­ galleries C and N. We are only about able to put up one hell of a fight. cle, short-lived but as disastrous as twenty and if something should arise We need help in a big way as quick­ planned. The prison subdirector gave we will not be able to defend ourselves. ly as possible. This is the twenty-fifth the word to those from gallery S [com­ Even the guards, who were once sym­ day of the hunger strike and we have mon prisoners] and opened their gal- pathetic to our cause, are now against decided to continue. us. Intercontinental Press Three of our comrades in the hospi­ • • . Biafra toll tal are in bad shape. One was shot Gustavo Diaz Ordaz (continued from page 4) Black man The Ibos, who were once the favored instruments of British rule in Nigeria, wins acquittal became the principal victims of the Antiwar spokesman fights artificial state after independence. Without the protection of the British, in Detroit case the Ibos, hated for their role as co­ frame-up in Chicago case lonial administrators, became easy By JOHN HAWKINS targets for pogroms along tribal lines. DETROIT-Alfred Hibbit, one of By DERRICK MORRISON In face of widespread fraud, the Ibos' Peck was first charged with disorder· three men framed up on felony charges In the aftermath of the police attack political representatives boycotted the ly conduct, aggravated assault, and growing out of a police attack on a on the demonstrations during the 1968 resisting arrest, all misdemeanors. But Republic of New Africa convention here federal elections of'. 964. which a north­ Democratic Party convention in Chica­ after Peck filed a suit against Chicago last March, was found not guilty Dec. ern-dominated alliance won by default. go, the process continues of making police officials and city authorities for 22 by a jury of six Blacks and six In January 1966, Eastern army of­ out the victims to be the criminals and depriving him of his civil rights and whites. The unanimous verdict of the ficers led by Major General J. T. U. the criminals to be the victims. refused to make a deal with the pros­ jurors was returned after only six hours Aguiyi-Ironsi, an Ibo, staged a coup, The "conspiracy" trial of the Chicago ecutor on the misdemeanor charges, of deliberation. deposing the "elected" government. Eight is now in progress; around Jan. the charges against him were escalated The composition of the jury, and the Ironsi was overthrown in a counter­ 21, the trial of Professor Sidney Peck to felonies. verdict itself, represent an important coup in July 1966, which was fol­ will open. Peck is charged with two Funds for the legal defense are ur­ civil-liberties victm;y. Only a few months lowed by a pogrom in which as many counts of aggravated battery, a felony, gently needed. Contributions should be ago, one of the patrolmen charged with the murder of two Black youtr.s during as 50,000 Ibos were killed. This set and two counts of resisting arrest. States sent to the Professor Sydney Peck De­ the July-August 1967 ghetto rebellion the stage for secession. Attorney Edward Hanrahan, whose of­ fense Fund, cfo Rev. Ray Milkethun, fice is prosecuting Peck, is the same was acquitted by an all-white jury. It can still be debated whether Bi­ University Christian Movement, 11205 man who ordered the search and de­ Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106. Hibbitt was charged with assault with afra constituted a nation, and as such stroy mission that resulted in the deaths intent to commit murder. A cop was has been denied its legitimate right of Black Panthers Fred Hampton and killed and another wounded last March to self-determination. It may yet be Mark Clark. If convicted, Peck faces 29, when police attacked the New Bethel seen that the lbos were right in be­ a maximum sentence of 12 years in Baptist Church, where the Republic of lieving that they could never be se­ prison and a $22,000 fine. New Africa was holding its convention. cure in a Nigeria controlled by their Peck is associate professor of soci­ The police fired indiscriminately into traditional enemies. ology at Case Western Reserve Univer­ the church, forcing everyone inside, in­ cluding many women and children, to But the factor that outweighed all sity in Cleveland. A co-chairman of the New Mobilization Committee to End huddle for safety on the floor. others, in the absence of a working­ Rafael Viera and Clarence Fuller are class party or a revolutionary move­ the War in Vietnam, which sponsored the massive marches in Washington and awaiting trial in connection with the ment on either side, was the deepen­ same incident. Viera's trial has been ing influence of Western imperialism­ San Francisco last November, Peck is a long-time activist in the antiwar move­ set for March; no date has yet been in Nigeria and Biafra alike. The New set for Fuller's. ment. He is a founding chairman of During the six-week trial, presided York Times gave its estimate of the the Cleveland Area Peace Action Coun­ over by Circuit Court Judge Stewart outcome of the war in its January 13 cil and of the Ohio Peace Action Coun­ A Newblatt, Hibbit was defended by issue. cil. attorneys Kenneth Cockrel, Milton Hen­ Nigeria, the Times said, "has enough At the time of the demonstrations in oil to put her among the top six or ry and Justin Ravitz. Chicago, Peck represented the protestors Only two of the dozen witnesses in seven producers in the world and the in negotiations with the Daley regime the trial even tried to identify Hibbit population to sustain industrializa­ for parade permits. While attempting as the assailant of the cop. One, a cop, tion. . . . The end of the war will to carry out his mission, he was bru­ could only identify a "lone Negro man." make it possible to reopen oil fields tally beaten by the Chicago police on The other, David Brown Jr., identified disrupted by the fighting, including the evening of Aug. 28, the night cop Hibbit as the man he allegedly saw tracts owned by French, Italian, Brit­ violence reached its height. shoot at one of the cops outside the ish and Dutch interests. Overall, the After the cops got through with him, church. But Brown had himself orig­ Peck had severe scalp wounds, body British are the big winners, because inally been held in connection with the bruises, swollen testes, and a multiple they dominate the Nigerian economy." incident and released on probation as fracture of the left hand which required a juvenile offender after agreeing to Intercontinental Press surgery. Prof. Sidney Peck testify against Hibbit. Page 6 THE MILITANT Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 ALL THE NEWS THAT FITS How Gl newscasts are censored

By ROBERT LANGSTON are all other citizens. . . . Calculated e Sept. 1969: A CBS report by JAN. 22- U. S. Army investigators withholding of unfavorable news stories Charles Collingwood on the death of in Saigon have not surprisingly de­ and wire service reports from troop Ho Chi Minh. clared charges that armed forces news­ information publications such as Stars e Sept. 1969: South Vietnam Vice casts in Vietnam are censored to be and Stripes, or the censorship of news President Nguyen Cao Ky's statement unfounded. Sp/5 Robert Lawrence, the stories or broadcasts over such out­ on the withdrawal of 40,500 U.S. GI television newscaster who on his lets as Armed Forces Radio and Tele­ troops from Vietnam. regular program Jan. 3 protested cen­ vision Service, is prohibited." e Oct. 1969: Portions of a speech by sorship and who was removed from the Far below the sublime heights of Pen­ Vice President Agnew. air and faces a special court-martial tagon promulgation, however, para­ e Dec. 22, 1969: A demonstration on trumped-up charges because of it, graph 10 of the statement governing against the South Vietnamese govern­ has been transferred "up country" from AFVN operations declares, "... it is ment. Saigon to a II Corps advisory group extremely important to maintain com­ e Dec. 25, 1969: An antiwar rally in Kontum in the central highlands. plete objectivity in the reporting of news at Kennedy Square in Saigon. (The The Military Assistance Command, and to report all news in a manner original story was termed "too insig­ Vietnam (MACV) brass' investigation commensurate with the ethics of good nificant." Later film reports were called of itself reached the conclusion that not broadcasting and so as not to be detri­ "dated.") censorship but "editorial judgment" is mental to the best interests of the United Furthermore, Maxwell discloses, at work in the Armed Forces Vietnam States." And paragraph 16 of the same AFVN newscasters are supposed to re­ Network's (AFVN) presentation of the statement decrees, "Within the existing port the news without ever using cer­ news. Documents made public on Jan. framework of factual and objective re­ tain phrases, including "napalm,"" South 14 by Lawrence make clear just what porting, the best interests of the United Vietnam," "troop withdrawal," "Nation­ this "editorial judgmenf' consists of. States government and support of U. S. al Liberation Front," "search and de­ One of the documents released by national objectives will be the keynote stroy," and "VC deserter or defector." ROBERT McNAMARA John­ Lawrence is a long letter dated Jan. of all news selection." When GI newscasters have protested son's secretary of defense issued 2 to Congressman John Moss from Just how the AFVN brass reconcile these policies, they have been barred 1967 order that purportedly as­ Sp/5 Michael Maxwell, who was taken "objectivity" and the "ethics of good from the air, transferred "up country," off the air last November after he pro­ broadcasting" with "support of U. S. na­ sured that G Is "are entitled to the vilified, and threatened. The MACV as­ tested censorship during a television tional objectives" may be gathered from same unrestricted access to news sistant adjutant general, Lt. Col. L. R. interview and requested an official in­ Maxwell's detailed list of 30 specific, as are all other citizens." In fact, Bardwell, for example, told Lawrence: vestigation. (That investigation, too, newsworthy occurences that were sup­ brass has consistently "managed "You are subject to an investigation ended with a whitewash of censorship posed to remain unfacts for Gis de­ news" and harassed GI journal­ policies.) pendent on AFVN for their information. by the MACV inspector general for making statements not consistent to[ sic] ists protesting censorship. Maxwell points out that AFVN The following is an arbitrary selection: MACV policy and we have placed you censorship violates even formal Depart­ e July 1968: Senator Gruening's was "a public relations officer for the in a capacity to utilize your services. ment of Defense policy, which is stated charge that several high-ranking Viet­ XIV Army Corps in the Pacific in World You are a young, inexperienced news­ in a memorandum dated May 1, 1967, namese officials were involved in illegal War II and deputy information officer man and do not use good judgment from the then secretary of defense, narcotics traffic. of United States forces in Korea.... " in handling news." (The 27-year-old Robert McNamara. In that memoran­ e July 1969: An ABC film report on "The Armed Forces Radio," Reginald Lawrence has had seven years' pro­ dum, McNamara proclaimed that "the Cambodia's recognition of the Provi­ writes, "the unit and camp newspapers fessional experience. Before entering the public information policy of the De­ sional Revolutionary Government of and others are primarily morale fac­ Army, he was a radio station manager, partment of Defense demands maximum South Vietnam. tors and the principal business is fight­ and his professional colleagues saw fit disclosure of information except for that e August 1969: The refusal by mem­ ing the war.... to elect him vice president of the Georgia which would be of material assistance bers of Co. A, 196th Brigade, Amer­ "Specialist 5 Lawrence should realize Broadcasters Association.) to potential enemies." Specifically, Mc­ ica! Division, to move out on a mission. he is willingly or unwillingly working Some insight into the mentality of Namara goes on to state, members of e Summer 1969: Racial incidents, in­ for the Army. What would happen to these brass bureaucrats, whose journal­ the armed forces "are entitled to the cluding the uprising at the Long Binh correspondents for newspapers, radio istic experience, in many cases, has same unrestricted access to news as stockade and at Cam Ranh Bay. and television stations and magazines been limited to wielding the red pencil if they started to criticize in writing or wherever copy does not coincide with broadcasting the people for whom they their prejudices, is provided by a letter work?" to the New York Times commenting Jersey City headquarters on the Lawrence case from one Regin­ ald S. Jackson, who explains that he of Black Panthers attacked New York forum CALENDAR hears spokesmen BAY AREA-BERKELEY-SAN FRANCISCO By DERRICK MORRISON ters. When a Panther attempted to ap­ THE LABOR MOVEMENT AND THE NEW RADICAL­ JERSEY CITY, N.J., Jan. 20- Last proach the car, the driver sped away, IZATION. Speaker: Frank Lavell, labor writer for The night, at around 11:30 p.m., a gasoline with his gas tank opened. for Panther 21 Militant. Fri., Jan. 30, 8:00 p.m. Donation: Sl. 2338 fire was started in front of the headquar­ NEW YORK- Close to 150 people Market St. Tel: 626-9958. Ausp: Bay Area Militant Immediately after this incident, Pan­ ters door of the Jersey City Black Pan­ attended a defense meeting for the Pan­ labor Forum. thers and community residents occupied ther Party. The lone Panther occupying ther 21 at the Militant Labor Forum the office. Then, at around 1:30 a.m., • the office quickly called other members, here Jan. 16. Speakers included Zayd BOSTON a car rode past the office, firing into and through quick action, the fire was Shakur of the Harlem Black Panther THE STRUGGLE FOR WOMEN'S UBERATION. Panel: the place with an automatic or semi­ put out before the arrival of the fire Party, attorney Bill Crain of the legal Florence Luscomb, Suffragette; Toba Singer, YSA, ac­ automatic weapon. Luckily, no one was tivist at B. U. for women's liberation, author of articles department. defense for the 21, Mirta Vidal of the hit. However, the jacket of a Puerto in B. U. News on women; Augusta Trainor, socialist Before and after the fire, Panthers Young Socialist Alliance, and Clifton spotted a white male sitting in a blue Rican Panther was singed. The bullets DeBerry, Socialist Workers Party can­ woman, trade unionist, active in Boston Women's Lib­ eration. Fri., Jon. 30, 8:00 p.m. 295 Huntington Ave., car across the street from the headquar- also set fire to a poster of Malcolm X didate for governor of New York state. Room 317. Ausp: Militant labor Forum. on the wall. The YSA and SWP representatives According to Panther spokesmen, this affirmed the two organizations' uncon­ • is the first time the office has experienced ditional support of the rights of the CLEVELAND an assault like the one last night. They Panther Party in the face of the recent GRAND OPENING CELEBRATION OF NEW YSA­ think it might have occurred due to the government attacks. They emphasized SWP HEADQUARTERS. Guest speaker: George Novack, Panther's support of the community's the threat these attacks pose to the an­ noted Marxist author. THE SCIENCE OF REVOLUTION effort to bring to trial a policeman's tiwar movement and the struggle of AND THE ART OF MAKING THEM. Banquet and party wife who shot to death a Black man on other national minorities for self-deter­ with live band and light show. Fri., Jon. 30, 6:00 p.m., New Year's Day. The incident arose mination. 180 N. Wacker Dr. (cr. of lake and Wacker), Rm. when the policeman, off duty, made Zayd Shakur, who is the brother of 310. Tel: 249-8250. Contrib: S2.50. some inflammatory remarks to a group Lumumba Abdul Shakur, one of the • of Brothers, who then went to inquire 21, explained that unlike other cities, LOS ANGELES ABORTION-WOMAN'S RIGHT TO DETERMINE HER about the statements. His wife saw this, which use more blatant tactics such OWN DESTINY. Speakers: Panel including Elizabeth she came out of the house firing a pistol, as murdering Panther leaders and Canfield, head counselor, l. A. Free Clinic; a repre­ killing one Brother. The policeman's armed assaults on Panther headquar­ sentative from Women lor Abortion Repeal; a repre­ wife, although charged with murder, is ters, New York uses the more sophis­ sentative from the Socialist Workers Party. Fri., Jan. free on bail. ticated methods of undercover agents 30, 8:30 p.m. 1702 E. 4th St. Ausp. Militant labor When the Panthers came over to their and conspiracy busts. He urged peo­ Forum. ES~t'c+i lifE office this morning, several cops were ple to participate in mass mobilizations • IL t~RE TO bt:t 5.0' standing out in front. They had come to around the courthouse when the trial MINNEAPOLIS . E:J_,~r IN investigate. Whether anything will come starts Feb. 2. THE HIGH SCHOOL REVOLT. Panel of high school out of such an investigation is very du­ In the same vein, attorney William students from the Twin City Area. Sat., Jan. 31, 8:00 bious. Crain said, "The only way there is p.m. Skoglund Hall, 1 Univ. Ave. NE. Ausp: Twin going to be any kind of victory for Cities Socialist Forum. At present, the Jersey City Panthers the 21 is to have the same kind of • are operating a free breakfast for chil­ support in New York that Huey had NEW YORK Photo by Howard Petrick dren and free clothing program. in Oakland at his trial." BORIQUA DESPERTADOI (AN AWAKENING PUERTO Bullets ripped through Jersey City Contributions to the Panther Party The audience, mostly students, con­ RICAN COMMUNITY). Speaker from the Young Lards Panther headquarters. Cops say can be sent to: Black Panther Party, tributed $86.18 to the Committee to Organization. Fri., Jan. 30, 8:30 p.m. 873 Broadway they're looking into it. 384 Pacific Ave., Jersey City, New Jer­ Defend the Panther 21, 37 Union Square (nr. 18th St.) Contrib: S1, h.s. students 50 c. Ausp: sey 07304. West, 4th floor, New York, N.Y. 10003. Militant labor Forum. Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 THE MILITANT Page 7

N.Y. women press suit against abortion laws

By DAVID THORSTAD Many of them have had abortions. NEW YORK- Public hearings began One of the witnesses, Rabbi David here last week on a suit being brought Feldman, author of Birth Control and by New York Women's Liberation Jewish Law, testified that the New York against the New York state abortion law prevents him from counseling as law. Jewish law would warrant. He ex­ The suit, being brought by nearly plained that under Jewish law "the wel­ 350 plaintiffs, argues that the New York fare of the woman is paramount." law is unconstitutional because it denies Patience with the state's attorneys be­ women the right to privacy in their gan to run out during the moving testi­ personal and sexual associations and mony of a woman who related the their right to life and liberty by denying mental anguish and humiliation of hav­ them the right to control their own ing been unmarried, pregnant and a motherhood. Catholic. An objection at the outset by The hearings finally got under way Joel Lewittes, Assistant Attorney Gen­ Jan. 15 after being delayed by the eral of the State of New York, to any Photo by Jude Coren state's attorneys who had demanded testimony regarding the Catholic PLANNING SESSION. Kipp Dawson (standing center) takes part a ruling on their objection that the Church as being "irrelevant" drew in discussion of plans for mass demonstration against New York hearings should be closed to the press. groans from many in the audience. U. S. District Judge Edward Weinfeld abortion laws. ordered that the hearings be open. At the conclusion of her testimony, A group of seven doctors and one he moved that it all be struck out as psychiatrist have been permitted to in­ "irrelevant." This motion was met with Seattle socialist nominees tervene as defendants in the case along even louder groans and shouts of "Pig!" with the state. These doctors, some if Florynce Kennedy, one of the attor­ not all of whom are Catholics, are re­ neys for the plaintiffs, called Lewittes' ferred to by the plaintiffs as "Friends attitude "gratuitously insulting and typ­ help spark women's drive of the Unborn Fetus," the actual name ical of the callous disregard the state By WENDY REISSNER a good number of people called the of another group with similar convic­ of New York has consistently shown campaign headquarters to seek involve­ tions that was denied court permission women." She was applauded. SEATTLE- Two Socialist Workers ment in the women's liberation aspect to intervene. The hearings will be continued on Party campaign action in support of Their interest in the case, as stated Jan. 30. Oral depositions on the suit of the campaign. women's liberation have received wide­ On Jan. 12, Harriet Ashton and Sue in their petition to intervene, includes will be presented before a three-judge spread attention here. Shinn, SWP candidate for the House, theological and ideological grounds, as federal district court on April 15. If On Jan. 10, campaign supporters and participated in a demonstration of over well as the very practical fear that if its decision is unfavorable, it will be representatives from various women's 100 at the state capitol to demand re­ the suit succeeds, "an abridgement of appealed directly to the Supreme Court. liberation organizations took part in peal of reactionary abortion laws. The opportunity for them to advance to Nearly 100 people attended a Jan. 19 a picket line protesting the "Bridal Fair." demonstration was called by Women's head a Department of Obstetrics and planning meeting called by People to The annual "Bridal Fair" is a show put Liberation Front and Radical Women Gynecology in accredited hospitals will Abolish Abortion Laws. This group on by a local radio station which of­ and endorsed by the SWP and Young result. ..." has set Mar. 21 as the date for a mas­ Women's Liberation is producing wit­ fers Seattle merchants the opportunity Socialist campaign committee. sive demonstration supporting the abor­ to assemble women for a hard sell nesses who represent a broad spectrum The right of women to control their tion law suit and calling for free legal on the necessity of buying the "right of reasons for opposing the existing own bodies was the major theme of abortions. For information contact Peo­ attire and right products to get and abortion law: scientific, religious, civil the protest. In addition to this demand, ple to Abolish Abortion Laws, 135 West keep a man." The fair typifies male libertarian, and just plain human. 4th St., N.Y., N.Y. (212) 254-4488. placards read, "Repeal Compulsory chauvinism and commercialization of Pregnancy Laws!" and "Women are women in this society. The woman her­ People, Not Rabbits!" self is presented as a commodity that A rally was held in the rotunda of Feeley: ~~Her confidence shows must be sold to a man by the use of the capitol building featuring Dr. Franz the "right clothes" and the "proper make­ Koome. Dr. Koome recently made na­ Her enthusiasm is contagious" up." tionwide news when he stated in the In addition to the radio and TV cov­ press that he has illegally performed erage of the picket line, Harriet Ash­ over 140 inexpensive abortions because By ROBERT DAVIS freedoms for women . . . The serious ton, SWP candidate for state Senate, he feels that women have the right to SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 17 - News­ issues of peace and minority rights con­ appeared along with a campaign sup­ decide whether they will bear children. paper reporters here had their first op­ cern her more than banning bras and porter for two hours on a radio talk Representatives from the Women's Lib­ portunity to meet and talk with Dianne false eyelashes." eration Front and Radical Women al­ Feeley, Socialist Workers Party candi­ The Stanford Daily said: "Miss Feeley show, explaining their objections to the "Bridal Fair" and the general problem so spoke. Harriet Ashton pledged at date for U. S. Senate in California, in mounts a serious attack on our present a series of informal interviews this week. system at various levels including eco­ of the oppression of women in capi­ the rally to continue to use her cam­ The various news articles which resulted logical destruction, worldwide U.S. im­ talist society. The questions raised by paign to raise the issue of women's stressed the issue of women's libera­ perialism and the repression of minor­ the show were still being discussed on liberation and to build the women's tion as a central focus of the campaign. ities and other dissidents ... [She] feels the air wave after it took place, and liberation movement. Mildred Hamilton, writing for the that there is a growing awareness of women's page of the San Francisco Ex­ the problems and effects of capitalism aminer, asked the inevitable question, .. , that people want an alternative." New coalition in Detroit seeks "How does a [nice] Catholic high school graduate, the daughter of working class Democrats, become an energetic revolu­ to coordinate women's groups tionary who teaches, demonstrates and now seeks political office?" Art Beeghley existing abortion laws was planned for of the S. F. State College Phoenix wrote, By JACQUELINE RICE sometime in March. "Far from being wild-eyed and angry, DETROIT- The second meeting of The employment workshop discussed with soiled combat boots, Miss Feeley a newly formed Women's Liberation possibilities of action in support of the is comfortable to talk to . . . Her con­ Coalition involving both university stu­ Fruehauf strikers. Women strikers are fidence shows . . . her enthusiasm is dents and working women was held striking for union recognition at this contagious." here Jan. 10. The coalition will at­ plant. Their picket lines have been at­ It was the seriousness and reason­ tempt to bring together all women's tacked by the police, and several wom­ ableness of Dianne Feeley's ideas and liberation groups and independents in en have been hospitalized. her confidence about winning people the Detroit metropolitan area to make At the political action workshop, to them that came through most strong­ it easier for us to work together in all which took up the question of the causes ly for these reporters. The Stanford the areas of our lives where we are of women's oppression, an incorrect Daily carried its article under a front­ oppressed as women. analysis prevailed. Instead of draw­ page headline: "Socialism! 'Serious Al­ ing a direct link between the oppres­ ternative'." The opening session devoted much discussion to issues that the coalition sion of women and class society, the Judith Anderson, S. F. Chronicle, ex­ could take action on. A central office "common enemy" was defined as "male pressed surprise that Dianne Feeley has been opened which will coordinate chauvinism, individual and institution­ could explain "quite matter- of- factly" communication and facilitate activities alized." the relationship of women's rights to of individual groups in the coalition. Despite an incorrect historical anal­ the revolution. Many women felt the need for a news­ ysis of the oppression of women, the And The Examiner said: "In her con­ letter. coalition does recognize the importance cept of a liberated future, Miss Feeley Later in the meeting, "action" groups of mass action to win struggles. The ... sees a guaranteed adequate wage met to discuss abortion laws, employ­ ideas expressed at this meeting indicate paid by society to a woman who ment, child care, a newsletter, and the the rising level of consciousness of wom­ chooses to be a homemaker, textbooks political origins of male chauvinism. en toward their oppression, and the rewritten to remove myths of women's The discussion mainly centered around expansion of the women's liberation inferiority, no discriminatory practices ways to organize women into mass movement. in education and employment ... [She] action against their oppression. For more information write: Women's sees the politica~ social and economic Photo by John Gray At the abortion workshop, a state­ Liberation Coalition, 5705 Woodward changes of the future linked with new Dianne Feeley wide conference on the repeal of the Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48202. Page 8 THE MILITANT Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 WHO RULES GE?

By DICK ROBERTS departments focusing on separate as­ Lundberg is right in estimating a Rock­ agencies which are key formulators of e The 19 men who sit on the board pects of the world markets in 1968," efeller or Mellon fortune at several bil­ government policies. of directors of GE are also presidents boasts its 1968 Annual Report. lion dollars based on stockholdings Such agencies as the Business Coun­ or chairmen of the board of eight of "Its production ranged over some alone (The Rich and the Super-Rich, cil, the Council on Foreign Relations the nation's largest industrial corpora­ 3,000 different categories of products Lyle Stuart, 1968), the Morgan bank­ and the National Petroleum Council tions including Coca Cola and Proctor and 200,000 different models and sizes. ing fortune is in the tens of billions of bring together corporate executives, and Gamble. "Its multi-national operations included dollars. highly-paid specialists in each field and e They are directors of 13 others of 280 separate manufacturing plants in The chart on this page, produced by government representatives, to hammer the 500 largest U.S. corporations in­ 33 states of the U.S., Puerto Rico, five Rep. Wright Patman (D.-Texas) after out behind closed doors the central poli­ cluding Chrysler, Texaco and Union Canadian provinces and 22 other coun­ years of scuffles with the big banks cies of the ruling class. Carbide. tries around the world." (Patman is a veteran Congressional The corporation directors are also e They include the presidents of two The report shows that 30 percent of representative of small midwestern busi­ the trustees of the major universities and of the world's six largest banks- First GE's 1968 production was in industrial ness), is only indicative. the private foundations which finance National City Bank of New York and components and materials; 25 percent It shows director interlocks and stock both the universities and the private Morgan Guaranty Trust; and they are in heavy capital goods; 25 percent in holdings of the Morgan Guaranty decision-making institutions. directors of five other banks among the consumer products; and 20 percent in bank's trust department. This omits the And they are men who at various top 50 in the U.S. including Chase war products, ranking it as the world's much larger holdings of the bank itself times in their careers hold crucial posts Manhattan. third largest producer of war machine­ and the owners of the bank. in the federal government itself, most Two of them are former secretaries e ry. Nevertheless, as one reads the various importantly at the cabinet and sub­ of defense and one was secretary of the corporate boards listed below on which cabinet levels of the Pentagon, Treasury Army. A MORGAN HOLDING the 19 GE directors also sit, and the e They are directors of three of the and State departments. corporations linked with the Morgan Two recent studies of the top layer in largest retail chains including J. C. Pen­ But this giant corporation is only Guaranty Trust shown on the chart, ney and First National Stores; six of one part-and not even the biggest the ruling hierarchy of U.S. capitalist there is a clear pattern of Morgan dom­ society should be mentioned, both by the largest insurance companies includ­ part- of the mighty holdings of the ination of GE. Prof. G. William Domhoff of the Uni­ ing Equitable and Aetna; and three Morgan family and its banking part­ From the inner sanctum of J.P. Mor­ versity of California at Santa Cruz: mutual funds. ners. The Morgan group acquired con­ gan and Co. at 23 Wall Street, down to Who Rules America? (Prentice Hall, e They include one university presi­ trol of GE when it was founded m 1892. most of the directors of corporations, 1967); and "Who Made American For­ dent and trustees or regents of ten of Morgan financed the electrical company there is a precipitous drop in personal the major U.S. universities. mergers which brought G E into exis­ eign Policy, 1945-1963?," an essay wealth and power. They occupy leading positions in tence. which appears in Corporations and the e But neither the wealth of these cor­ the most important semi-governmental But at that time the Morgan group Cold War (Monthly Review Press, porate directors, nor their individual agencies which formulate national and already controlled the world's largest 1969). influence within the governing institu­ foreign policy, including the Business steel combine, U. S. Steel. In the electri­ What Domhoff shows is that a tiny tions of capitalism, should be under­ Council, the Council on Foreign Rela­ cal field, in addition to GE, the Morgan coterie of businessmen, numbering no estimated. tions and the Committee for Economic group gained control of Westinghouse more than 2,000- one one-hundred For example, the four men who con­ Development. [sic.~; American Telephone and Tele­ thousandth of the U. S. population!­ graph; Radio Corp. of America; and stitute GE's highest managerial body (the Corporate Executive Office-Fred ''based upon fabulous corporate wealth * * * Western Union. ... knit together by exclusive private These men are representatives of the The total assets of these six corpora­ Borch, William Dennler, Jack Parker and Herman Weiss) own together 53,- schools, Ivy League colleges, expensive most powerful financial and industrial tions equaled $58 billion in 1968. If summer resorts, sedate gentlemen's interest groups in the U. S. and conse­ 660 shares of GE, worth over $5 mil­ the assets of the Morgan Guaranty clubs ..." rule America. Nineteen of quently in the entire capitalist world. lion. The yearly dividend from GE Trust are added to this figure- an addi­ them are on the GE board of directors: A look at who they are and what they tional $10 billion- the Morgan-group stock dividends alone, of these four executives, totals about $140,000- and do illustrates more than just how one holdings, counting only the seven big­ THE BOARD multi-national corporation like GE is gest, are "worth" more than the GNP of that is more than the average yearly run. It casts a revealing light on the wages of 20 GE workers, as estimated Italy. · JOHN PAUL A US TIN, Atlanta. Pres­ whole ruling structure of capitalism: its by GE. ident of Coca Cola, salary $150,000, main agents and agencies and their in­ But there is no way for the American It is typical for the top managers of owns 48,298 shares of Coca Cola terconnecting bases of power. public to get anything like an exact corporations to be large shareholders (worth $4,200,000). Director: Morgan And this underlines and emphasizes estimate of the holdings of the Morgan because of special tax-favoring stock­ Guaranty Trust; Continental Oil; Trust the fact that the 150,000 striking GE empire. Congressional investigators option privileges open to them, and this Co. of Georgia; Southern Mills Inc. workers are pitted against one of the have been able to approximate the ties their immediate personal interests (Austin is one of several GE directors central bastions of capitalist rule. wealth of the Rockefeller, Mellon, Ford directly to the interests of the ruling­ who serve on the boards of the noto­ and DuPont trusts because of certain class families who are the biggest share­ * * * riously racist, union-busting southern GE is the fourth largest corporation large stockholdings of these powerful holders. This is not to speak of the in the U.S. and fifth largest in the families. immense salaries of corporate mana­ textile mills. ) world. With assets in 1968 of over But the Morgan group has concealed gers, in the case of the GE executives FRED J. BORCH, New York. Presi­ $5 billion and sales of over $8 billion, its empire through a network of pri­ mentioned above, averaging about dent, chief executive officer and director it is more "wealthy" than most of the vately-owned brokerage houses and $200,000 annually. of GE, salary $287,486, owns 20,027 countries in the world. Its 1968 total banks which no government agency In addition to their locus of power shares of GE (worth $2,000,000); sales figure is about the same as the or private researcher has ever been on corporate boards, however, these board of governors, Case Western Re­ total exports of Italy. able to penetrate. men are also the top officers of the serve University; Defense Industry Ad­ GE "had 170 decentralized operating Suffice it to say that if Ferdinand privately-funded semi-governmental visory Council; Council for LatinAmer­ ica; chairman, Business Council; ·?''..m; .··.'.·.:.·.; N.Y. C. Mayor's Management Adviso­ ... I!'; ry Council; Balance of Payments Ad­ II visory Council; trustee, Committee for Economic Development. .. •····· ... I - WILLIAM H. DENNLER, New York. Vice chairman of the board, executive officer of GE, owns 9,080 shares of GE (worth $1,000,000). (The average salary of the 84 top executives of GE is $90,000.) FREDERICK B. DENT, Arcadia, S.C. President of Mayfair Mills, Ar­ cadia. Director: Joshua L. Bailey and Co. (selling agents for textile mills); TaCo Corp.; South Carolina National Bank. THOMAS S. GATES, New York. Chairman of Morgan Guaranty Trust. (A Morgan partner, mentioned in Amer- Financial Empires of the American Ruling Class by Dick Roberts in the May-June 1969 International Socialist Review GE WORKERS. According to GE, the average pay or chairmen of the board of directors of major U. S. 50 cents of its workers is $6,760. Of the 19 men who sit on corporations. Their average salary is $223,566. 873 Broadway, the board of directors of G E, eight are presidents N.Y., N.Y. 10003 Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 THE MILITANT Page 9 ica 's Sixty Families, formerly of Drexel Chairman of Federated Dept. Stores, and Co., one of the Morgan brokerage salary $212,000, owns 147, 868 shares houses.) Director: Campbell Soup; of Federated (worth $6,000,000). Di­ Cities Service; Scott Paper; Smith, Kline rector: Chase Manhattan Bank; Asso­ and French; Life Insurance Co. of ciated Merchandising; Urban America; North America; trustee, Foxcroft Scott Paper; trustee, Dartmouth College; School; former president and life trustee vice chairman, Business Council; vice of the University of Pennsylvania; un­ chairman, Research and Policy Com­ der secretary of Navy, 1955-57; sec­ mittee of the Committee for Economic retary of Navy, 1957-59; deputy secre­ Development. tary of defense, 1959-60; secretary of EDMUND W. LITTLEFIELD, San defense, 1960; Council on Foreign Re­ Francisco. President of Utah Construc­ lations. (In 1965 Gates functioned on tion, salary $130,500, owns 162,564 a committee to counteract the antiwar shares of Utah Construction (worth $7,- movement, see The Nation, Oct. 11, 600,000). Director: Wells Fargo Bank; 1965.) Del Monte; Hewlett-Packard; trustee, GILBERT W. HUMPHREY, Cleve­ Stanford University; board of regents, GE DIRECTORS. Neil McElroy, chairman of the board of Proctor land. Chairman of Hanna Mining, sal­ University of San Francisco; National and Gamble; Robert T. Stevens, president of J.P. Stevens; Ralph ary $229,000, owns 146,818 shares Industrial Conference Board; Business Lazarus, chairman of the board of Federated Dept. Stores. Including of Hanna Mining (worth $6,500,000); Council. chairman of National Steel, salary GEORGE H. LOVE, Pittsburgh. salaries and incomes from stock dividends, they average about $500,- $50,000, owns 54,322 shares of Na­ Chairman of Consolidation Coal. (This 000 a year. tional Steel (worth $3,000,000). Direc­ company, now a subsidiary of Con­ Oklahoma oil business and powerful Economic Development. tor: National City Bank of Cleveland; tinental Oil, owns Console 9, scene of figure in right-wing politics, McGee's ROBERT T. STEVENS, New York. Massey Ferguson (Canada); Algoma the November 1968 West Virginia mine various connections are too numerous President of J.P. Stevens, salary $151,- Steel (Canada); Sun Life Assurance disaster which took 78 lives. Love is to list. He serves on 31 boards of direc­ 343, owns 115,000 shares of J.P. Stev­ (Canada); overseer, Case Western Re­ an executive of various Mellon trusts tors and is trustee of a number of mid­ ens (worth $7,500,000). (This large serve University. and his presence on the GE board sug­ west oil "research" institutions, the Okla­ southern textile outfit has taken the lead FREDERICK L. HOVDE, Lafayette, gests Mellon penetration of GE.) Direc­ homa City University, and serves on in maintaining open shop against Ind. President of Purdue University. tor: Mellon National Bank and Trust; the National Petroleum Council.) unionization struggles in southern cor­ Director: Inland Steel; Investors Mutual; Continental Oil, owns 37,500 shares of HENRY S. MORGAN, New York. porations.) Director: Morgan Guaranty Variable Payment Fund; Investors Se­ Continental Oil (worth $1,000,000); Partner of Morgan, Stanley and Co. Trust; Mutual Life Insurance; secretary lective Fund. (Hovde has a long record Hanna Mining; Chrysler, owns 168,671 (J.P. Morgan's son.) Director: Aetna of the Army, 1953-55; Business Coun­ during and after World War II of ad­ shares of Chrysler (worth $9,500,000); Life Insurance; Connecticut General Life cil. ministrating government war research; Union Carbide; trustee, Princeton Uni­ Insurance; Century Indemnity; trustee, HERMAN L. WEISS, New York. Vice he served as advisor to military train­ versity; trustee, University of Pitts­ Carnegie Institution. chairman of the board and executive ing schools, including the National War burgh; American Mining Congress· JACK S. PARKER, New York. Vice officer of G E, owns 9, 855 shares of College, Air Force Academy and U. S. Business Council. chairman of the board and executive GE (worth $1,000,000). Military Academy; he served on the NEIL H. McELROY, Cincinnatti. officer of GE, salary $202,526, owns WALTER B. WRISTON, New York. President's Committee on Education Be­ Chairman of Proctor and Gamble, sal­ 14,698 shares of GE (worth $1,500,- President of First National City Bank; yond High School and was chairman ary $375,000, owns 85,702 shares of 000). (Top manager of GE war produc­ chairman, Bank of Monrovia; president, of the President's Task Force Committee Proctor and Gamble (worth $9,700,- tion, manager of GE's Aircraft Nuclear International Banking Corp; chairman, on Education.) 000). Director: Chrysler; Equitable Life; Propulsion Project, group executive of Mercantile Bank of Canada. Director: JOHN E. LAWRENCE, Boston. Part­ secretary of defense, 1957-59; Business GE's Aerospace and Defense Group.) First National City Trust Co. (Ba­ ner, James Lawrence Co. (cotton). Di­ Council. GILB:ERT H. SCRIBNER, Jr., Chi­ hamas); First National City Overseas rector: Old Colony Trust; Great Amer­ DEAN A. McGEE, Oklahoma City. cago. President of Scribner and Co. Investment; J. C. Penney; trustee, Car­ ican Insurance; American National Fire Chairman of Kerr-McGee Corp., salary (real estate and insurance). Director: negie Corp.; Council on Foreign Re­ Insurance; First National Stores; West $253,066, owns $3,517,000 worth of Quaker Oats; Abbott Laboratories; Peo­ lations. Point-Pepperell; member of the corpora­ Kerr-McGee convertible debentures, and ples Gas, Light and Coke; Northwest­ All of which illuminates GE's central tion of Northeastern University. 303,028 shares of Kerr-McGee common ern Mutual Life Insurance; trustee, slogan: "Progress is our most impor­ RALPH LAZAR US, Cincinnati. (worth $38,000,000). (King of the Northwestern University; Committeefor tant product."

Total S4.451 Billion Assets Total $318.9 Million Assets Total $315 Million Assets Total $2.699 Billion Assets

MORGAN GUARANTY TRUST CO.

Commercial Bank Deposits $7.3 Billion Trust Department Assets $16.8 Billion

Total Assets of Companies on Chart $27.7 Billion

Total $4.722 Billion Assets Total $341.3 Million Assets Total $374 Million Assets Total Assets $661.3 Million Total $2.217 Billion Assets

"J.P. Morgan (or a partner), a director of the New York, New Haven a subsidiary of the American Telephone and Telegraph Co.; and in both, & Hartford Railroad, causes that company to sell to J.P. Morgan & Co. Mr. Morgan (or a partner) is a director.... U.S. Steel, AT&T, the New an issue of bonds. J.P. Morgan & Co. borrows the money with which to Haven, the Reading, the Pullman and the Baldwin companies, like the West­ pay for the bonds from the Guaranty Trust Co., of which Mr. Morgan (or ern Union, buy electrical supplies from GE. GE, like the New Haven, buys a partner) is a director. J. P. Morgan & Co. sells the bonds to the Penn steel products from U.S. Steel. Each and every one of the companies last Mutual Life Insurance, of which Mr. Morgan (or a partner) is a director. named markets its securities through J. P. Morgan & Co.; each deposits its The New Haven spends the proceeds of the bonds in purchasing steel rails funds with J. P. Morgan & Co.; and with these funds of each, the firm enters from the U.S. Steel Corp., of which Mr. Morgan (or a partner) is a direc­ upon further operations."- Louis Brandeis, Harpers Magazine, 1914. tor. The U.S. Steel Corp. spends the proceeds of the rails in purchasing elec­ trical supplies from the General Electric Co., of which Mr. Morgan (or a (The diagram is taken from "Commercial Banks and Their Trust Activi­ partner) is a director. GE sells supplies to the Western Union Telegraph Co., ties," a staff report for the House Committee on Banking and Currency, 1968.) Page 10 THE MILITANT Friday, Jan. 30, 1970

THE NEW YORK TIMES Double squeeze play coming up: JANUARY 17, 1970 ECONOMIC GROWTH fewer iobs and higher prices HAS BEEN HALTED, AS WAS PLANNED

By DICK ROBERTS in auto assemblies in December. There thing worse for the campaign to put The U. S. economy ground to a stand­ have been heavy layoffs, particularly the ghetto people into jobs: New hiring still in the last quarter of 1969-the ef­ in Chrysler. Ford has closed perma­ is at a low level, and there are fewer fect, partially, of federal economic pol­ nently its 1,900-worker auto and truck and fewer starting jobs for those re­ icies originated two years ago by the assembly plant in Dallas. cruited from the ghettos and trained Johnson administration and continued "Unemployment will be rising from to work." since he took office by Nixon. here on," Business Week magazine de­ The Detroit hiring program was head­ Job layoffs have begun in plants clared in its "Business Outlook" column ed up by such well-placed individuals across the nation. Auto, farm machine­ Jan. 17. in the capitalist hierarchy as Henry ry and the aircraft industry are the "Average- weekly hours worked by Ford II, James M. Roche (head of hardest hit so far. The first to lose employes on private nonfarm payrolls GM) and Lynn Townsend (head of their jobs have been those who need slipped a bit in December, to 37.5 hours Chrysler) and their "National Alliance them most, unskilled Black workers, [to its] lowest level since the data were of Businessmen." many of them hired for the first time first recorded in 1964. "Of the 38,600 hard-core unemployed as a result of highly publicized job­ "Job turnover is also reflecting the originally hired by the auto companies, training programs following the slackening in the demand for labor only 16,356 remain on the job, a 42 stormy Black uprising in Detroit of in manufacturing. New hiring rates are percent batting average," Business Week 1967. declining throughout industry. And the reports. But the economic slowdown has not quit rate, which is a good measure And so the very beginning of a re­ even made a dent in the inflation it of job availability, is declining." cession takes its toll where it always is supposed to bring to a halt. Price Business Week recorded the demise does, on "the last hired and first fired." rises in December brought the nation­ of the job training programs: "Layoffs In a prolonged boom like the eco­ al annual rate up to 6.1 percent for are threatening nationwide efforts to nomic upswing of the last eight years, 1969 compared to 4.2 percent in 1968. rehabilitate people once thought unem­ many of the "reserve army of unem­ In New York City, prices jumped ployable. Many of the so-called hard­ ployed" eventually find work. And in one percent in December alone, the steep­ core unemployed have lost new jobs the case of those hired in the Detroit est price rise since 1951. And this does in auto and farm equipment plants, and job program, it meant that 38,600 fi­ not take into consideration the 50 per­ others are likely to lose their jobs in nally did- for less than two years out cent increase in subway fares which steel and other industries if industrial of the eight. went into effect in January. slowdowns continue. Now they are being thrown back in­ The Johnson-Nixon economic policies "The numbers are relatively small so to the ranks of the unemployed, and to have contributed to the slowdown in two far, probably only in the low thou­ top it off, they face rapidly soaring ways: by tightening the money supply sands. But the layoffs have only be­ prices. Little wonder that Business Week and cutting federal spending in key gun. At General Motors and Chrysler expresses a certain amount of concern: areas. about 10 percent of those laid off are "The worry is, it states, "that they will The Federal Reserve Board's tight­ hard-core workers. drop out of the productive labor force money policies drive up interest rates "Beyond the layoffs, however, is some- and go back to the streets." Training for what? and make it more expensive to bor­ row money. This cuts into the purchase of houses and cars, which depend on high-interest rate mortgages and auto loans. • Federal spending has been cut back in construction, urban-improvement, A day New York welfare center and, most heavily so far, in the mil­ itary area. On Jan. 16, Defense Secretary Laird announced that present and planned By HOWARD REED since he had a check replaced in De­ cuts of $6-billion in military spending NEW YORK- Two years ago the cember, he was sent away. would ultimately cost 1,250,000 jobs Department of Welfare changed its name The same thing happened when a counting those directly and indirectly to the Department of Social Services, client came in to report that all the affected. reflecting the increased emphasis it al­ money from his check had been stolen. Boeing Co., a big manufacturer of legedly proposed to give to the "deliv­ Department procedures prevent stolen military aircraft, fired 25,000 workers ery of services" to the community. money from being replaced. in 1969, including 14,500 in Seattle Caseworkers in the Department, many After lunch, a woman came in with of whom took the job because they alone. It projects an even faster rate her two children. She explained that thought they could help people while of layoffs, possibly totaling 50,000 na­ she was two months behind in her rent earning a living, were skeptical of tionally, in 1970. and that the landlord was threatening whether the Department really intended eviction. The caseworker started pre­ An ironic effect of military cutbacks to provide useful services to clients, was GE's announcement that it is lay­ paring an emergency check for the two but some were hopeful. months' rent, but the supervisor refused ing off workers in its Springfield, Mass., The caseworkers' union, District armaments division. Workers have con­ to approve it. It seems that the state Council 37 of the State, County and doesn't reimburse the city for emergency tinued to work in this plant, in spite Municipal Employes, had endorsed of the national strike against G E. This rent checks. Lindsay for mayor and had hailed During the afternoon, while hundreds is the thanks they get for "acting in the his victory as a blow to reaction- a national interests" of capitalism. of clients were waiting to be serviced, step forward for welfare recipients, or we were attending a required orienta­ At the same time the economic slow­ "clients" as they are delicately called tion seminar about the new Federal down is caused by capitalist competi­ in department terminology. Work Incentive Program, which is sup­ tion. In their scramble to control mar­ Big day posed to provide jobs for clients. This kets, corporations manufacture more Jan. 2 was a not untypical check day. program is abbreviated WIN. Actually, and more goods, and ultlmately too Check day is when almost one million its initials are WIP, but officials were many goods for the market to absorb. clients are supposed to receive their apparently sensitive on this. These goods pile up in thewarehouses semimonthly checks. We came to work and in dealers' hands and a cutback that morning, and learned that many We were told to close the case of any in production is required while the over­ of the checks were not mailed out, due man who did not show up for a WIN Photo by Howard Petrick produced supply is depleted. Over pro­ to a breakdown of the computers down­ appointment. One caseworker com­ duction has hit the auto industry, on town. The checks would arrive several plained that his client could not keep Overall Welfare Caseload his WIN appointment because he did top of the problems caused by high in­ in New York City days late, but we would not be able terest rates. to give any emergency funds to clients . not have a winter coat. He was in­ There was an eight percent decline • No. of cas~ applications - No. of cast:s added to rolls That would violate Department proce­ formed by the supervisor that the $35 that the client received semimonthly was 1968 dures. 1st half expected to provide for clothing, as well 30,783 At 10 a.m. a client came in and told ANTIWAR Gls SPEAK OUT us that he had not received his check, as food. had no money for food, and that his At 3 p.m., the director of the center, 1969 rent was due. The records were checked, noting that there were more clients wait­ Interviews with Ft. Jackson Gls 1st half 16,388 and it was established that his check ing than could possibly be taken care United Against the War was sent to the wrong address. He was of, told the welfare cops to bar the en­ Jan 12,1970 advised that Department procedure re­ trance of the center, so more clients by fred Halstead PIOUS. New York'sMayorLind­ quired him to wait until the check was wouldn't be able to come in. say at a memorial meeting for returned by mail to the center next At 5 p.m., the center closed, with 50 48 PP so~ Rev. King. During the past year week. clients still sitting there. They were told that they would have to leave if they his "get tough" policy nearly Another client told us he had not PATHFINDER PRESS, INC. received his check, but the records didn't want to be arrested for trespass­ (formerly Merit Publishers) doubled the number of needy de­ showed that it had been mailed out ing. I went home and read in the news­ 873 Broadway, nied welfare. This cold-blooded to him. There is a Department rule that paper that Mayor Lindsay was going New York, N.Y. 10003 policy improves his image with checks cannot be replaced more than to make a speech about the need for anti-welfare voters. once during a two-month period, and a new commitment to abolish poverty. Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 THE MILITANT Page 11 Atlanta antiwar forces map plans

By GINNY OSTEEN Further proposals adopted included also voted to give as much aid as the antiwar movement and the wom­ ATLANTA- The largest, most suc­ the sending of as many AM C repre­ possible to the UFO coffee house in en's liberation movement. The caucus cessful antiwar conference in this city's sentatives as possible to the national Columbia, S.C., whose staff has recent­ also asked for a permanent seat on history took place Jan. 17. The con­ SMC conference in Cleveland, and the ly been arrested on a number of petty the Atlanta Mobilization steering com­ ference, sponsored by the Atlanta Mo­ forming of a speakers bureau. charges. mittee. bilization Committee, mapped an am­ Telegrams of support were sent to A women's caucus, which constituted A steering committee was formed, with bitious program of action for the com­ the GE strikers and to Cesar Chavez itself as a permanent body, came for­ one representative from each organiza­ ing winter-spring offensive against the of the United Farm Workers, and a ward with several proposals which were tion, as well as three independents who war. Over 110 people attended, repre­ telegram was sent to the Black Pan­ adopted. A women's contingent will be were elected by the conference. senting broad sectors of the movement. ther Party condemning the recent at­ organized as part of the Agnew dem­ Four campus SMCs were represented, tacks by the police on Black Panther onstration and at all future actions. along with the high school SMC, RYM, Party leaders. The caucus will take part in the wom­ Paterson students the YSA, SWP, Newsreel, G Is from Ft. A GI committee was formed to work en's liberation groups in Atlanta, in Benning, Ga., and Ft. McClellan, Ala., with Gls at Ft. Benning. The conference an effort to develop closer ties between Concerned Clergy, and a large num­ agree on plans ber of independents. The conference opened with reports from various organizations on their to aid GE strikers past antiwar activities, revealing the High school SMC conducts rapid growth of the antiwar movement By RAY CHIMILESKI in Atlanta. A ROTC lieutenant from PATERSON, N.J. - Representatives the University of Georgia discussed the of Newark Local 492 of the Interna­ antiwar poll in Cleveland tional Union of Electrical Workers growing antiwar sentiment among low­ ranking infantry officers; and a Glfrom (IUE) addressed a Jan. 13 meeting Ft. Benning announced the recent for­ sponsored by the newly-formed Pater­ By MAX KIRSCH victory. son State College SMC in Wayne, N.J. mation of "Patriots for Peace," which CLEVELAND- In a citywide refer­ In light of this, the principal of May­ The purpose of the meeting was to dis­ has over 150 G Is around it. The re­ endum here in December, three out of field High School issued a statement cuss the GE strike and its implications ports set a spirited tone which was to four of the 1,929 students voting-71 to his staff stating that they could not for the campus community. remain throughout the conference. percent - voted for either immediate lend their support to any outside orga­ Several campus groups have been The major proposal for action was withdrawal from Vietnam, or withdraw­ nization, and furthermore stating, "We circulating an open letter to the presi­ a call for a mass, peaceful picket line al by an announced deadline. This con­ believe that a study of foreign affairs dent of the college requesting "an im­ and rally, with the main slogan of firms that Nixon's war policies have belongs in the classroom, not in the mediate suspension of the purchasing "U.S. Out of Vietnam Now!," at the been totally rejected by the majority, halls." This was followed up by the Marriot Motel on Feb. 21, when Spiro and his claim of support of a "silent Ohio Association of Secondary School of all GE products by this college for Agnew will address a Republican fund­ majority" is a fraud. Principals stating that they were op­ the duration of this strike." raising party. After much discussion Only a limited number of schools posed to "any loss of school time" for The demand is endorsed by the Pater­ over the question of secondary slogans, participated in the referendum because politically oriented activity. son State College Federation of Teach­ the proposal was unanimously adopted. on Dec. 5 high school principals and Replying to the Joe McCarthy-type ers (AFT) and by representatives of superintendents met with an FBI agent red-baiting, the Cleveland Area Peace various campus groups, including the who smeared the antiwar movement Action Council held a press conference Student Government Association, Stu­ as "red controlled," and cited the SMC exposing the FBI and declaring that dent Union Provisional Committee, S.F. highschoolers national leadership as 100 percent hard­ they would fight the issue by enforcing SDS, YSA, Women's Liberation Move­ line communists. The FBI agent told a section of the Ohio Revised Code ment, Philosophy Club, International them that at a meeting in Stockholm which sets forth that "any responsible Relations Club, SMC, and Black Stu­ harassed on the Communist Party resolved to in­ organization" or "group of at least seven dent Union. filtrate the U.S. antiwar movement and citizens" can use the facilities of a high Campus groups are also making use it to creat chaos in the U. S., there­ school for any public meeting after plans to help G E strikers man picket King's birthday by helping North Wetnam to win a school hours. lines in Newark and East Rutherford. r------By ROY WILSON For more tnformation, cltp and mail to: SAN FRANCISCO- A walkout of SMC Nat1onal Office do 1029 Vermont Avenue, N.W. 907 some 150 to 200 students took place Where we Washington, D. C. 20007 at Mission High School here Jan. 15 202 - 737 - 0072 in memory of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. The decision to hold the walkout go from here? I plan to attend. was made the day before by a group ____ I cannot attend but am enclosing a donation of of Black students at Mission. Because ATTEND A $---- it was called on short notice the group ----Please send me: had little time to organize for the walk­ __ Conference calls 1$2/100) out. __ Conference posters (251! each/2.50/25) Throughout the walkout the students __ Student Mobili7ers, includes pre-conference were harassed by petty administrators discussion articles. ($7/100; 10<1 each I and by hall monitors (mothers of stu­ NATIONAL I dents and hired men who patrol the I Name ______halls looking for students who have cut 1 Address ______···- class). 1 City State I Zip Phone------At on!:! point the students left the build­ STUDENT 1 ing and occupied the front steps where I School and/or organ1zat1on ------they talked of leaving the school grounds to prevent police attack. They felt sure, however, that the police would not enter the building, and at the sug­ ANTIWAR gestion of a YSAer the group reentered r------. to rally more support. In an attempt to for more mformatton of conference arrangements and housmg, isolate and divide the students, the ad­ clip, and mall·to: ministration offered them use of the SMC CONFERENCE 2102 Eucl1d Avenue cafeteria, which is in an out-of-the-way CALLED BY THE STUDENT Cleveland, Oh1o 44115 section of the first floor. MOBILIZATION COMMITTEE 216-621-6516 When that failed, school officials TO END THE WAR IN VIETNAM. stated that only five students could go ___ l plan to attend. upstairs in order to get more students ___ I will need hous1ngfor ______FrJrlay, to join the walkout. One of the walkout ___ Saturday, _____ Sunday organizers, in answer to the adminis­ ___ l will stay at a cheap hotel. tration, immediately indicated himself, FEBRUARY 14-15 ___ I will bring a sleepmg bag. two other Black leaders, a member of ___ I am organi1ing conference transportation from my area. the Chicano group, Basta Ya!, and a ___ I will have my own housing. YSAer. Nevertheless, by this time every one CLEVELAND. OHIO Name-----·-- _____ of the demonstrators had charged up Address-~------the stairs. This was typical of the mili­ City ______State ______tant spirit of the students. CASE WESTERN Zip Phone ------·------After a hundred or more students had School and/or organization------gathered, they marched outside and dis­ RESERVE U ~------~ persed to avoid trouble with the police. Several of the students said that al­ EVERYBODY OUT FEB. 14. Unprecedented mail send fraternal representatives and observers. Special though you couldn't see the police, you could smell them. response and bus charters indicate SMC national 24-page discussion issue of Student Mobilizer is The walkout has opened up the pos­ antiwar conference will be biggest ever. SMC is now available from SMC national office. Antiwar sibilities of Mission High students unit­ urging all young people and organizations to at­ activists and organizations are invited to contribute ing around future actions including the tend and participate in democratic discussion and discussion articles for subsequent pre-conference commemoration of Malcolm X Day and decisions on next steps for antiwar movement.Adult issue. the spring antiwar offensive. peace forces, coalitions and groups are invited to Page 12 THE MILITANT Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 Some professional tailoring

How the Daily World reported YSA parley

By DAVID THORSTAD Vietnam." Nor was anything vaguely Recent issues of The Militant have resembling such campaigns even pro­ reported on the extensive press cover­ posed. age received by the December Young In the same category is the assertion Socialist Alliance convention. Much of that the convention resolution on the that coverage-even by the commer­ "Strategy and Tactics in the Struggle cial press-recognized and reflected the for Black Self-Determination" "attributes seriousness of the proceedings. One no­ the murderous attack of the ruling class table exception is an article by Ted on the Black Panther Party as being Pearson which appeared in the Jan. 7 caused primarily by the Panthers' issue of the Daily World, the organ 'ultra-leftism."' The suggestion that the ofthe Communist Party. YSA places the blame for this vicious So much is wrong with this article campaign of repression on the victim that one might wonder if Pearson is nothing short of slander. weren't reporting some other conven­ This slander takes on its full flavor tion. Even the registration figures are when it is recalled that while the Trot­ inaccurate. Pearson reports that "only skyist movement was the first to recog­ 358" of the 821 participants were YSA nize the importance of Black nation­ members. In fact, this figure referred alism and to actively support it, the to the number of participants who were Communist Party resolutely opposed not YSA members, although more than it, going so far as to call Malcolm X YSA pre-convention press conference Photo by David Thorstad 60 of them applied to join during the "reactionary" and a Black "racist" in course of the convention. the pages of its press. The resolution goes on to explain banner, focus on the slogan, "Support There is hardly a paragraph that The repression of the Panthers is, of how, through united defense efforts with the Vietnamese Revolution!" The Daily is not to some extent erroneous. To course, in no way caused by the ultra­ other organizations, the Black Panther World reports that the proposed slogan deal with all of these misstatements leftism of the Black Panther Party, but Party can hope to reverse the current was "Support the NLF," although in would be both lengthy and tedious. We by the ruling class' fear of Black na­ repression it is undergoing. What Pear­ fact these same delegates indicated they will limit ourselves to only the most tionalism and the threat it sees in Black son does not seem to understand is didn't favor that slogan because it im­ blatant. people organizing their own political that defense efforts can, and should, plied full agreement with the program First some complete fabrications. party. be built for organizations with which of the NLF. Apparently the distinction According to Pearson, "The main ac­ Presumably the passage Pearson has one may not be in complete political was lost on the Daily World reporter. tivities, it was announced, will include in mind is the one which states that "the agreement. Permitting political disagree­ But while making this distinction, the campaigns to 'expose' peace candidates, sectarianism and ultraleft rhetoric of the ment to stand in the way of a defense YSA stands unreservedly for the victory polemics against the Black Panther Panthers has helped open the door for effort on behalf of an organization un­ of the Vietnamese revolution, as Pear­ Party and the National Liberation the government in its jailing and de­ der ruling-class attack can harm the son well knows. Front of South Vietnam, and 'united struction, physically and politically, of entire radical movement. The reason for the defeat of this pro­ fronts' for the defense of the Panthers, hundreds of politically valuable cadres, So much for the complete fabrications. posal was very simple: It is not the vehicles for launching an all-black po­ leaders, and organizers." This statement, Most of the rest of the article fits kind of slogan that can mobilize masses litical party." of course, bears no resemblance to Pear­ into the category of distortion. Typical of Americans to oppose the war, a In fact, no decision whatsoever was son's assertion. Nor do any other state­ is Pearson's treatment of the convention process that is simultaneously in their made to begin campaigns of "polemics ments in the resolution. That is why discussion on the e1ntiwar movement. interest and in the interest of the Viet­ against the Black Panther Party and he prefers to rewrite it rather than quote Some delegates had proposed that the namese revolution. Experience has dem­ the National Liberation Front of South from it. YSA, when marching under its own onstrated that slogans centered on the demand for immediate U.S. withdrawal are the most effective in rallying such mass opposition to the war. In passing: The press meets YSA This twisted criticism of the YSA for not raising the slogan, "Support the NLF," is especially odd coming as it The December convention of the ist policy of building socialism in Russia all black organizations now suffering does from this source. It is only recent­ Young Socialist Alliance prompted a frrst. repression, and to use the slogan, 'Black ly that the CP has finally accepted the great deal of reportage and comment. "But for all its obsession with the Control of the Black Community'; demand for immediate U.S. with­ Some of it was crude red-baiting stuff, rigid, dialectical Marxist jargon of the "•• to push for campus demands that drawal, having previously counter­ and some distorted more subtly by Trotskyite movement, the YSA was pur­ are anticapitalist and are linked up posed such slogans as "Peace Now" burying politics in a discussion of suing a pragmatic, united-front course with other national and international and "Negotiations." Never has it even "style." But a good part of it-especial­ at its convention here at the University struggles." suggested raising in the antiwar move­ ly in the radical press-was serious of Minnesota. journalism. ment the slogan, "Support the NLF." "Under the huge red and black post­ The Jan. 17 Guardian carries an ar­ Pearson's article deserves to be read ers of Lenin and Trotsky in the Stu­ ticle by Randy Furst which opened with by all those who attended the YSA The London Economist, an impor­ dent Union's Grand Ballroom, the the following remarks: convention. It is a relatively minor tant organ of liberal bourgeois opinion mood was that of dedicated, earnest "The Young Socialist Alliance outlined prod•.1ct of the Stalinist school of fal­ in Britain, in its Jan. 10 issue stated: missionaries destined to spread an op­ a strategy for a 1970 offensive at its sification. Yet as such it provides a "The key to YSA's rise is not its Marx­ timistic faith for mankind's salvation. ninth national convention here Dec. 27- pretty good idea of the magnitude of ist doctrine but its facility for playing The YSA looked forward to the next 30. More than 800 persons attended. really big examples of Stalinist falsi­ the old united-front game, particularly decade 'confident that we are preparing on the issue of the Vietnam war. It the ground for the final elimination of "The 140 convention delegates­ fication. has a strategic position on the Stu­ capitalism."' representing more than 1, 100 YSA It should be read for another reason dent Mobilization Committee, which or­ members-debated and passed resolu­ too. It is eloquent testimony to the CP's ganized the October and November Radical opinion and reportage was tions on the antiwar movement, black frustration at its inability to build a Moratoria. quite good. The Jan. 14 Liberation self-determination and a strategy for viable youth movement during a period "Related to this is the bold venture News Service packet sent out to hun­ 'the red university.' of growing radicalization among youth. of organising soldiers in uniform 'for dreds of underground papers stated: "A huge red banner emblazoned with The reformist program of the Stalin­ mass antiwar action'; YSA members "More than 800 members and guests a hammer and sickle and giant posters ists (which led them to initially op­ disdain evasion of conscription or de­ of the Trotskyist Young Socialist Al­ of Lenin and Trotsky and other rev­ pose immediate withdrawal from Viet­ sertion. liance met at the University of Minne­ olutionaries hung from the walls of nam in the antiwar movement and "Although the leaders of YSA will sota campus over Christmas weekend the convention auditorium. Black nationalism, for instance) has not concede that de-escalation of the for their ninth annual convention. "The discussions were marked by a caused serious, revolutionary-minded war will erode the mass of rebellious "The YSA, which is closely linked to critique of the new left. 'We are not youth to look elsewhere. (The DuBois students which they have helped to as­ the Socialist Workers Party, is best part of the new left,' Larry Seigle, YSA Clubs are virtually defunct.) semble, their next major programme known for its work in helping to build national chairman, said at the opening Particularly frustrating for the CP, is the capture of orthodox students' the mass movement in this country for session. 'We are the socialist-the Marx­ no doubt, is the fact that the real councils." immediate withdrawal of U.S. troops ist wing of the new radicalization­ dynamism of the youth radicalization is from Vietnam. and the fastest growing current with­ reflected in the rapid growth of the YSA The moderately conservative Chris­ "Among the resolutions passed by the in this radicalization."' and that it permeated the entire con­ tian Science Monitor reported on Jan. delegates were: -MALACHI CONSTANT vention. 9: " • • to use the opportunity of upcom­ "Both groups [the YSA and the So­ ing electoral campaigns to work against cialist Workers Party] are supporters the reliance of the American people on of the position of Leon Trotsky, one the Democratic and Republican parties, of the pillars of the Russian revolu­ and to educate about socialism; tion, who broke with Stalin and was "• • to build for a mass march in the assassinated because he insisted that spring around the slogan, 'Bring All the Communist cause demanded world­ the Troops Home Now!'; wide revolution rather than the Stalin- " • • to develop vigorous defense of The electronic news in Minneapolis Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 THE MILITANT Page 13 New frame-up trials in hopper? Czech gov't finds 'Trotskyite plot'

The Czechoslovak government in­ of the Communist party and against and in the period following the So­ voked the specter of a "Trotskyite plot" the leaders of political life in Czecho­ viet invasion of August 1968. January 12 to justify widespread ar­ slovakia.... The Rude Pravo article sought to rests of young opponents of the Krem­ "The organization tried to create cells associate the arrested "plotters" with lin-backed regime. The January 17 throughout Czechoslovakia. These the revolutionary youth of the West, New York Times reported that more cells were to work in conformity with of whom the paper took a dim view: than 1, 700 persons in many cities the Trotskyist ideology. The organi­ "The members of the organization had been "investigated ... in a crack­ zers maintained permanent contacts saw an example for themselves in cer­ down on alleged lawbreakers and an­ abroad from whom they received in­ tain extremist groups in the West, in tisocial elements." An unknown num­ structions in carrying out activities anarchy, disorder, riots and chaos ber were held by the police. hostile to the republic, and the Trot­ provoked by them. The State Interior Ministry an­ skyist literature they needed. The net­ "Many facts unequivocally prove nounced the "discovery" of an "illegal" work of the Czech Ministry of the In­ connections with various Trotskyite organization "active in the spirit of terior has seized various leaflets put organizations in the West." RudePravo Trotskyite ideas." out by this organization, as well as claimed that "functionaries of Trotsky­ This was followed on January 16 the teclinical equipment used to pro­ ite organizations in the West" had vis­ with the announced arrest of an "es­ duce them." The ministry gave no de­ ited Czechoslovakia recently and taken pionage ring" in Slovakia. tails on the arrests, but said a report part in clandestine student meetings. The January 12 communique de­ would be made "shortly." The January 16 Le Mondesuggested clared: "The Czech Ministry of the In­ A further account was published si­ that a wide range of groups have terior has recently unmasked the ac­ multaneously in Rude Pravo of Prague been hit in the roundup. "It has been tivities of an illegal organization, hos­ and Pravda in Bratislava January learned, in fact, from a good source, tile to the state, aimed at disturbing 17. According to the January 18 New that between December 22 and Jan­ the process of consolidation and at York Times, the arrested youths were uary 1, thirty-five members of the Stu­ creating political crises." accused of calling for an "antibureau­ dent Union of Bohemia-Moravia were The statement, reprinted in the Jan­ cratic revolution," not only in Czecho­ arrested. They belonged mainly to the uary 14 issue of the Paris daily Le slovakia, but "in other socialist coun­ section in charge of contacts with the Monde, continued: tries, in particular the Soviet Union." unions. Also arrested were a certain "The members of this organization, They were said to be members of "a number of young Communists who Husak who utilized conspiratorial methods, 'revolutionary socialist party,' an un­ have been meeting since March 1968 Representatives of all kinds of oppo­ distributed various publications hos­ derground group of students and in a 'revisionist' organization, which sition tendencies are !urn ped together tile to the state, their aim being to over­ young workers that had infiltrated in­ was never legalized, known as the in an amalgam accusing them of par­ throw the socialist regime and pro­ stitutes of higher learning and such 'Revolutionary Youth Movement.' ticipating in a common "plot." Fight­ voke resistance against the leadership labor organizations as the metal work­ The Husak regime is preparing a ers for proletarian democracy on the ers and printing industry unions." frame-up in the style of the notorious left may thus be accused of associating The Times did not indicate whether Moscow Trials of the thirties to silence with the most reactionary forces in a the precise name of the proscribed its critics on the left. The men in the projected crime against the state. To organization was given. It is known Kremlin who installed Husak by force make it look more plausible, one or that several left-Communist organiza­ of Soviet tanks are old hands at show two real agents of imperialism may tions, with various political views, had trials. They learned the technique from be included. coalesced during the "Prague spring" Stalin himself. The procedure is simple. Intercontinental Press Catholic hierarchy gets earthy

The Holy Roman Catholic Church, that ~he New York Federation of Jew­ one of the richest organizations in the ish Philanthropies change its order of world, is not noted for its generosity priorities and provide more money for to its lay employes. education. This week two segments of workers ~K~>~~ti~~etl The Association of New York Yeshiva at both ends of the economic scale, Principals announced it is ready to close the lay teachers at the top and the Pi.cketliin.e 150 Jewish Day Centers. They have gravediggers at the bottom, demonstrat­ said they will put 48,000 pupils on ed their extreme dissatisfaction. Barry Ryan, head of the newly or­ picket lines around the federation head­ ganized independent group, said that quarters if they feel the move would The gravediggers walked out of 44 "we felt that the possibility of getting help gain their objectives. of New York City's nonsectarian, .Jew­ parity at this time was absolutely nil ... The Pope the members have put the archdiocese • * * ish, and Catholic cemeteries a week The Passaic, N.J., Educational Asso­ ago. On Sunday, Jan. 18, a hundred on notice that the problem of parity must be solved at the next negotiations. ciation walked out on Jan. 19, closing Larg•Format Paperback Books striking Catholic workers picketed St. the city's 430 public schools in an ef­ Patrick's Cathedral for two hours, then The gap must be closed." From Merit Publishers Cardinal Cooke expressed thanks that fort to force the Passaic city council laid down their signs to attend the 11 to include a pay raise for them in the Produced in this format to keep prices down, o'clock mass to pray for the end of the negotiations had been successful but these books have pages, 8 1/2 X 11 inches, decried the cost. "More than $5-million next city budget-the deadline for which containing 2 1/2 to 3 times as many words the strike. is Feb. 2. The current contract cov­ as those of the average book. has been added to the already heavy Neither the god they prayed to nor ering the teachers does not expire un­ his chief ambassador, Cardinal Cooke, financial burden of our parishes of the til Aug. 31, 1970. Leon Trotsky, The Man and His Work have heard their prayers. The strike archdiocese," he cried, and "[the con­ Under current schedules, teachers with Reminiscences and appraisals by 18 writers goes on. On Jan. 19, 13 pickets were tract] places increased pressure on the bachelor's degrees receive a minimum 128 pages, illustrated $2.45 arrested at a Catholic cemetery when financially squeezed parochial schools of $6,500 rising to a maximum of $10,- they lay down at the gate to stop a ... traditionally financed by Sunday Revolt in France 800 in 15 steps. Teachers with master's hearse from entering. morning collections." Reports and analyses of the May-June Tuition fees in parochial high schools degrees receive a minimum of $7,000 1968 events. were raised recently by $400. rising to a maximum of $12,000. 168 pag.,.., illustrated $1.95 A strike of lay Catholic elementary Internationally, the Catholic Church The boad of education has offered is in trouble in many spheres, but lack a package valued at $562,000 to be Marxist Essays in American History and high school teachers was narrow­ ly averted Jan. 18 when, by a vote of of money is not one of them. allocated as the union would decide. 128 pages $2.45 335-255, the members of the Catholic During the past several :-·ears it has The union is demanding a package Lay Teachers Group accepted a pro­ lost many teaching nuns and priests totaling $739,300. Writings of Leon Trotsky (1938-39) posed contract. Under the new agree­ who returned to the lay world. More -MAR\'EL SCHOLL 152 pages, 22 illustrations $2.95 ment, elementary teachers will receive than just this loss has also plagued an $800 increase this year ( retroac­ the church-school problem. Education­ Writings of Leon Trotsky (1939-401 tive to Sept. 1, 1969) and another $500 al standards in these schools were so low that federal laws were passed forc­ Maoism in the U.S. 128 pag.,., illustrated $2.45 for the 1970-71 school year, bring­ ing their minimum range of wages up ing the church to hire a certain per­ A critical history of the Pro­ centage of lay teachers to augment their Israel and the Arabs from its previous levels of $5,000 to $8,000 to a low of $6,300 and a high faculties. They have had trouble re­ gressive Labor Party 24 pages .40 of $9,300 in two years . cruiting these lay teachers and then High school teachers won parity with of holding them because of the low by Mary-Alice Waters Maoism in the U. 5. instructors in 12 high schools not af­ level pay scale. The church charges A critical history of the Progressive Labor fected by the threatened strike. They that the lay teachers remain only long 24 pp. 8 1/2 X 11 SOt Party will now receive a minimum of $6,800 enough to earn more university credits, 24 pages .50 to $12,800, with another $400 raise then desert to the public school s:-·s­ next year. tems. The turnover is high-from 40 PATHFINDER PRESS, INC. Pathfinder Press (formerly Merit Publishers) (formerly Merit Publishers) Elementary teachers are dissatisfied to 60 percent a year. • • * 873 Broadway, 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003 and the discussion at the ratification Write for free catalogue meeting indicated the possibility of a Meanwhile, .Jewish elementary and sec­ New York, N.Y. 10003 split off of this group. ondary school teachers are demanding Page 14 THE MiliTANT Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 Book review Rockefeller's plan for Latin America

THE ROCKEFELLER REPORT ON THE AMERICAS. By Nelson Rocke­ feller. Quadrangle Books, Chicago. 1969. $1.25.

The Rockefeller Report on the Amer­ icas is couched in personalist-philoso­ phy, social-work language of the gooier sort. "Personal growth," "concern with this sonorous nonsense. Rockefeller, the the military's sensitivity to the nation­ cation, tran:sportation, huusing, con­ people," "creativity," "value systems," representative of the richest, most pow­ alist sentiment of the people. He even servation, etc. -that is essential to the erful, most sophisticated and most inter­ and similar expressions abound. In the hints that occasional nationalizations envisaged selective industrialization, but nationally extended section of the U. S. 144 pages of the book, the phrase, (with "adequate" compensation) of U.S. which are unprofitable. Secondly, they capitalist class, is here outlining a plan "quality of life," occurs no fewer than property should be graciously accepted will be used to make the initial invest­ to mobilize, in the most efficient and 25 times. Rockefeller's wisdom ranges as an unpleasant overhead cost. ments in ventures that are risky or that flexible possible way, all the resources from such deep moral insight as, "Indi­ Specifically, Rockefeller recommends require a number of years to begin to of the Western Hemisphere to the end viduals and nations expect much for the end of restrictions on the purchase show high profits, but which are poten­ of making as secure and as vast as themselves and too little for others," to of U. S. arms by the military and police tially highly profitable in the long run. possible the profits of such giant, U.S.­ such profound economic analysis as, of the capitalist countries of Latin Amer­ Private enterprise would have the option based, international monopolies as the "Assistance can be fully effective only ica. He stresses the rising threat ot to acquire these ventures after the high­ Rockefeller family's own Standard Oil­ where a country is making maximum urban-based revolutionary movements, risk, low-return period is passed. But Chase Manhattan Bank complex. This and the superiority of military regimes no "aid" funds should be used in compe­ use of its own productive resources," plan can be outlined under six points. in dealing with them. And he proposes tition with private capital. and such probing observations on na­ 1. To the extent that it is consistent virtually unlimited grants to these go­ Rockefeller does well to refer to this tional (or racial?) psychology as, "A with the other points of the plan, the rilla regimes: "The United States should plan as a means of revivifying the characteristic of the Latin temperament social status quo in Latin America is respond to requests for assistance of the U.S.'s "special relationship" to Latin is to put more faith in people than in to be maintained. There is no room police and security forces of the hemi­ America, for that relationship has been institutions." here for Alliance for Progress-type rhet­ historically one of virtually unre­ Even after having gotten used to this sphere nations by providing them with oric about the need for the "ruling elites" the essential tools to do their job." strained plunder. Rockefeller's propos­ sort of mind and sensibility, however, in the region to carry out radical land 4. Trade barriers between the U. S. als are aimed at modernizing, ration­ it is hard to suppress a guffaw when reform, tax reform and income redistri­ alizing and streamlining that plunder. Nelson Rockefeller is so overcome by and Latin American countries and be­ bution in favor of the poor masses. tween the Latin American countries To the extent that they are realized, they his yearning to improve the quality of Land reform is hinted at exactly twice, themselves, are to be eliminated. Since will not contribute to the solution of any life in Latin America as to write: "It and in both instances it is submerged there is to be no planned income redis­ of the urgent problems of the region. is for each individual, each family, each in a welter of socially more superficial tribution, the broader markets required They will only convert even more than community, each nation, each region categories like farm-to-market roads, to support profitable, selective indus­ before the people and the natural wealth to define its own particular aspirations good agricultural management, and ;rialization can only be built by getting of the continent into things to be juggled -but these share one splendid bias: more extensive credit facilities for farm­ rid of the tariffs and quotas that restrict by imperialist capital in its unending that no man be exploited or degraded ers. There are one direct and two or international trade in the region. Such quest for profit. to enrich another, and that we work three oblique references to tax reform. measures will, of course, meet resistance -ROBERT LANGSTON together so that each can grow." There is no suggestion that anything from local industrial capitalists, who Nevertheless, a serious statement runs might be done about the immensely are only able to stay in business be­ through the embarassing banality of lopsided income distribution. cause import restrictions protect their 2. U.S. monopoly capital will under­ high-cost products. Presumably, how­ Rights attorney take the selective industrialization of the ever, they will be pacified by making Penn students region. It will be able to derive maxi­ them into junior partners in the "joint" mum benefit from Latin America's low U. S.-local enterprises so dear to Rocke­ draws penalty labor costs and the nearness to some feller's heart. protest killings natural resources and markets. At the Trade liberalization will meet intense same time, transferring some manufac­ resistance from those U.S. capitalists in Kentucky in Ethiopia turing operations from the U.S. to Lat­ who can only make profits b.ehind tariff in America will help avoid "overfull" and import-quota walls (e.g., U.S. tex­ tiles could face a serious threat from Daniel T. Taylor, noted civil rights employment of U. S. workers and thus and criminal lawyer, has been suspend­ material produced by superexploited By NATALIE BOMBARO put a downward pressure on U.S. ed for one year from the Kentucky PHILADELPHIA - Demonstrators wages. Latin American labor). Rockefeller Bar Association. The suspension was here braved freezing temperatures Jan. This industrialization will be carried hopes to buy them off, however, with based upon the findings of a three­ 9 to participate in a march protesting out to the extent and in a way that is the U. S. working class' tax dollars: man trial committee of the KBA. the repressive Ethiopian regime of Hai­ in the interest of the U. S.-based, inter­ he calls for "new procedures" and "sup­ Most of the charges stem from en­ le Selassie and the recent murders of national monopolie~:~. When Rockefeller porting funds" to make sure "adjustment counters that Taylor had with former students in Addis Ababa. A coffin, sym­ refers to the "efficiency" of the "new in­ assistance" is provided for industries in Judge J. Miles Pound, a 62-year-old bolizing the body of Tilahun Gizaw, ternational division of labor" he en­ the U.S. made noncompetitive by the former policeman. Pound is a former slain president of the University Stu­ visages, he is talking about the profit­ trade liberalization. judge because he was not re-elected to dents Union of Addis Ababa, was ability of this monopoly capital. 5. Rockefeller proposes a host of new the Jefferson Country Criminal Court carried in the march, and a memorial 3. The primary social groups which financial institutions and arrangements last November. This resulted from dis­ service was held at the rally which the United States will rely on to se­ for Latin America. They would have closures during Taylor's disbarment followed. cure the social framework for carrying three basic functions. First, they would proceedings that the judge drank and Participants in the demonstration, out this economic reorganization are suck up every stray bit of capital float­ toted a gun while on the bench. which was organized by the Ethiopian the military establishments. Gone is the ing around the region and place it In January of 1969, when Taylor Students Union of Pennsylvania, also Alliance for Progress' affection for par­ at the disposal of U. S. monopoly cap­ was defending a Black militant before Pound, the judge lost his grip on a included members of the University of liamentary, democratic facades. "For ital. Secondly, they would provide for pistol hidden beneath his robes. He Pennsylvania Arab Students Organiza­ many of these societies ... ," Rocke­ the frictionless flow of capital across ended up juggling the pistol in the air tion, Drexel Institute Black Students national and industrial boundaries to feller proclaims,. "the question is less before regaining control of it. The judge Union, and the Young Socialist Alli­ wherever it might momentarily be most one of democracy or lack of it than it sought to justify the gun on the limp ex­ ance. At the rally, representatives of advantageous to the U. S. international is simply of orderly ways of getting cuse that somebody had threatened his these organizations delivered messages along." Again, referring to "military monopolists. Third, they would help life. of solidarity with the Ethiopian Stu­ leaders," Rockefeller writes, "They are assure that these capital flows would not According to one of the charges dents' struggle and condemned United searching for ways to bring education be impeded by balance-of-payments dif­ against Taylor, he is supposed to have States government support of the Se­ and better standards of living to their ficulties either of the Latin American directed a "vile, low, mean, base, con­ lassie regime. people while avoiding anarchy or vio­ countries or of the United States. temptible, derogatory, contumelious, in­ The Ethiopian Students Union lent revolution. In many cases, it will Finally, Rockefeller calls for liberal judicious statemenf' at the judge, name­ pledged a continued and intensified be more useful for the United States to use of U. S. "aid" funds for two specific ly, "You dirty son of a bitch." struggle against the feudal regime in try to work with them in these efforts, purposes, in addition to support of po­ Taylor denies all of the charges say­ Ethiopia and its imperialist supporters rather than to abandon or insult them lice and military establishments. In the ing that his suspension was based on in the United States, and they called on because we are conditioned by arbi­ first place, they will be used to finance his defense of draft resisters, Black and all progressive forces to join them in trary ideological stereotypes." Rocke­ just the kind and amount of "infrastruc­ white militants, and victims of police their efforts. feller stresses the need to comprehend ture" development- public health, edu- brutality. Frida~Jan.30, 1970 THE MiliTANT Page 15 BOOK REVIEW The Great Society A hidden history Wrong tune- The 185 people on trial growths-there's that white-uniformed in Washington for having participated attendant in the ladies' changing room NORTH FROM MEXICO. By Carey ticular and the United States in general in a Nov. 13 hymn-singing "mass for at the pool who daily lays pink and McWilliams. Greenwood Press, Inc. from seeing the pattern of violent op­ peace" at the Pentagon are charged with apricot hibiscus on tiny shelves outside Westport, Conn. 324 pages. Paperback. pression of Mexicanos. having created "a loud and unusual each cubicle." $2.95. Also hidden from the American public noise." "Historically, the Spanish-speaking is the long history of militant struggles Fashion note-We reported recently have often complained that little is for self-determination waged by Mexi­ It may come to that- Theos Thomp­ that the dry cleaning industry regards known about them (which is true) and canos since the days when the Anglo son is concerned about those bleeding­ the maxi-skirt as a significant advance that their problems have received little literally fought his way into the South­ over the mini. Meanwhile, a leading heart scientists who keep admonishing attention by the larger American public west. department store security man says the about the danger of radiation pollution (which is also true)." In this well documented book, Mc­ of the air. Mr. Thompson, an AEC maxi-skirt represents a major gain over McWilliams, having stated this, then Williams describes the antagonism be­ commissioner, says, "It's as though we the mini for shoplifters. proceeds to slash through the "fantasy tween the two cultures, aside from mere decided not to get out of bed any more language problems and stereotyping on The children's friend-"The 'bound­ heritage" which has prevented present­ because we might slip on the way to day residents of the Southwest in par- both sides. Not surprising, initial con­ the bathroom. It's a sign of age- of to-last' concept for textbooks will dimin­ flicts arose over the slavery question. growing old, of decaying. In fact, in ish in importance. Let each kid have The new Texans moving into the region the ultimate application of this philos­ a new book. Don't inhibit him by mak­ with their slaves resented and blamed ophy, we should each of us stop breath­ ing a fetish of keeping his book clean the Mexicano for the rebellions among ing." or make a neurotic of him by not al­ the Blacks who crossed the border into lowing him to write in it." -James B. Mexico, where slavery had been abol­ No itch, no bunions-If you want Blaine, long-time leader in the book­ ished, in order to escape their masters. binding industry. to know why the Beautiful People are During the years of "manifest destiny" Beautiful, it's because, unlike common Getting down to nitty-gritty-A New and well after World War II, Mexicanos people, they know how to dress proper­ had no civil rights in the S.outhwest. In ly. For instance, a New York Times York stockbroker's ad inquires: "Would a solution in Vietnam find you in the fact, wholesale massacres, lynchings, feature on those who ski by day and and beatings were the norm. In a chap­ party by night at Sun Valley, Idaho, wrong stocks?" If that may be the case, and if your stock portfolio totals more ter entitled, "Blood on Pavements," Mc­ reports that current in things include Williams describes racist attacks on custom molded ski boots ($70 a leg) than $100,000 they'll be glad to give you free advice. young Mexicanos during the 1940s and cashmere long johns. which had the tacit approval of the No-comment dep't- The January At­ Los Angeles police force and the L. A. The games some people play- The newspapers whose distorted reporting Beautiful People at Sun Valley also las reports that a British auction netted $72,000 on relics of Napoleon includ­ set the white community against the have hobbies. For instance, W. W. Win­ Mexicanos. ans gets his kicks from remote con­ ing a packet of his hair. Atlas quotes trol model planes. His wife Mignon, the British satirical magazine Punch: Marianne Hernandez is the So­ Mexicanos did not accept this vicious the J. C. Penney heiress, says that back "Undoubtedly the saddest news item in cialist Workers Party candidate attempt to relegate them into obscuri­ home at Pacifica Palisades, Calif., "we a long time: The fact that Napoleon's for U.S. Senate from Texas. ty- as evidenced by the Salt War and drop bombs from the planes and hit penis was withdrawn (sorry, that's the other bloody battles. Mexicanos orga­ spots on the ground." auctioneer's word, not ours) from a nized and in copper mines, sugar beet sale at Christie's because no one was Westmoreland picketed industries, steel mills, and agricultural Floral note- Beautiful People also willing to pay more than $40,000 for products and conducted militant and know how to set themselves off esthetics­ it. A bitter fate, even for something often successful strikes. Many of these wise. Women's Wear Daily reports on described in the sale catalogue as a by civilians, Gls strikes were broken by mass arrests and a plush club in the Bahamas: "Besides 'small, dried-up object.' So it's been deportation to Mexico. the 'weed women' who are constantly replaced in its box and returned to McWilliams sees a growth of political doing just what the job suggests- keep­ its American owner where, no doubt, in El Paso, Texas awareness among Mexicanos but does ing an eagle eye on the golf course it will await an upturn in the market." not draw revolutionary or radical con­ . :....._HARRY RING By ERIC KANGAS fairways and greens for unwelcome clusions in his book. This work is the EL PASO, Texas- On the evening of most concise of the many books by Jan. 15, Gen. William Westmoreland McWilliams on the history of the strug­ attended a cocktail hour at the Airport gles of Mexican-Americans to free them­ leet Socialists in Your Area Hilton here. The event was sponsored selves from bloody oppression. It by the Association of the United States should be read by revolutionists. Army. -MARIANNE HERNANDEZ MISSOURI: Kansas City: YSA, c/o Paul Schmidtlein, ARIZONA: Phoenix: YSA, c/o Steve Strnad, P. 0. Box Outside were over a hundred pickets 750, Tempe, Atizano B52B1. 4409 Virginia, K.C., Mo. 64110. Tel: (B161 561-0B72. organized by the Fort Bliss G Is for CALIFORNIA: Bericeley: SWP and YSA, 2519·A Tel .. St. Louis: YSA, c/o larry Swingle, 5B17 Waterman, Peace. The crowd was composed of graph Avenue, lt..-kelev, Calif. 94704. Tel: (415) B4B· St.louis, Mo. 63112. - New Merit Pa11phlet - 9334. NEW JERSEY: Newaric: YSA, c/o Alan Pump, 15B off-duty soldiers, their wives and girl Hayward: YSA, Gerald Clark, c/o Student Union Haroilton St., E. Orange, N.J. 07017. Tel: (2011 67B- friends, college students, and high Building, California State College at Hayward, 25BOO 6005. school students, but the majority were REFORM OR REVOLUTION Hillary St., Hayward, Cali!. 94544. Tel. (415) 537.3656 NEW YORIC· Albany: YSA, c/o Bill O'Kain, 313 State Gls. or (415) 537-3657. St., Albany, N.Y. 12210. Some of the signs that were carried by Rosa Luxemburg Los Angeles: SWP and YSA, 1702 E. 4th St., Los Binghamton: YSA, c/a Peter Gellert, Box 1389, Har­ said, "Bring the Troops Home Now," Angeles, Calif. 90033. Tel: (213) 269-4953. pur College, Binghamton, N.Y. 13901. "Peace is Patriotic," "G Is are Citizens San Francisco: SwF~ YSA, Militant labor Forum, and New Yoric City: SWP and YSA and bookstore, B73 Now contained in one pamphlet are two Too," and "Gis for Peace." The pickets of the classic polemics against reformism Pioneer Books, 2338 Mar~et St., San Francisco, Calif. Broadway, N.Y., N.Y. 10003. Tel: (2121 9B2-6051. paraded in an orderly fashion for about 94114. Tel: (4151 626-99511. NORTH CAROLINA: Chapel Hill-Durham: YSA, c/o by Rosa luxemburg, the chief theoretician an hour in cold, windy weather, then San Diego: Alan Standill, 4143 Georgia, San Diego, Bob Friedman, P. 0. Box 10, Carrboro, N.C. 27510. of the left Wing of the German Social quietly departed. Gen. Westmoreland Calif. 92103. Tel: (9191942-3024. Democracy. COLORADO: Boulder: YSA, c/o lyle Fulks, 2233 OHIO: Athens: YSA, P. 0. Box B99, Athens, Ohio came into the hotel through a rear Pine, Boulder, Col. B0302. 45701. entrance, but reportedly observed the 56 pp 95t FlORIDA: Gainesville: YSA, Box 13157, University Cleveland: SWP and YSA, 13900 Euclid Ave., East demonstration for about a half an hour. Sta., Gainesville, Fla. 32601. Cleveland, Ohio 44112. Tel: (216) 249-B250. Fort Bliss Gls for Peace intends to Pathfinder Press GEORGIA: Atlanta: Militant Bookstore, 1176 1/2 Columbus: YSA, P.O. Box 3006, Columbus, Ohio use the demonstration as a basis for West Peachtree St., SWP and YSA, P.O. Box 7B17, 43210. Tel: (6141294-2047. building a mass rally to be held in (formerly Merit Publishers) Kent: YSA, P. 0. Box 116, Kent, Ohio 44240. Atlanta, Ga., 30309. Tel: (404) B76, 2230. mid-Febru~ry. 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003 ILLINOIS: Carbondale: YSA, c/o Bill Mollett, P. 0. Box Yellow Springs: YSA, c/o Duncan Williams, Antioch 166, Carbondale,lll.62901. Tel: (61BI549-6214. Union, Yellow Springs, Oh. 453B7. ------clip and mail --·------Champaign-Urbana: YSA, P. 0. Box 2099, Sta. A, OREGON: Portland: YSA, c/o Tonie Porter, 6770 S. Champaign, Ill. 61B20. Tel: (217) 359, 1333. W. Taylors Ferry Rd., Portlond, Ore. 97223. Tel: (5031 Chicago: SWP, YSA and bookstore, 302 S. Canal St., 246-9245. Rm. 204, Chicago, Ill. 60606. Tel: (3121 939-2667. PENNSYLVANIA: Philadelphia: SWP and YSA, 6B6 DeKalb: YSA, c/o laura Miller, 217 N. First St., N. Broad St., Philadelphia, Penna. 19130. Tel: (21~1 Special to New Readers DeKalb, Ill. 60115. Tel: (B15) 756-4119. CE6-699B. INDIANA: Bloomington: YSA, c/o Marilyn Yogi, Uni­ RHODE ISLAND: Providence: YSA, c/o Jell Powers, If you would like to get better acquainted with THE MILITANT, you versity Apt. 3-E, Bloomington, Ind. 47401. 15 Creighton St., Providence, R.I. 02902. may obtain a special, introductory three-month subscription for $). (If KANSAS: Lawrence: YSA, c/o Bob Mears, 1510 Ken­ TEXAS: Austin: Socialist Workers Party, P. 0. Box lucky, Apt. G. Tel: (913) B43-2073. 5586, West Austin Station, Austin, Texas 7B703. you're already sold on the paper, you can help out by sending a reg­ KENTUCKY: L•ington: YSA c/o Ed Jurenas, 720 Sun­ Houston: YSA, Campus Adivities, University Center, u Ia r one-year subscription for $4.) set Dr., lexington, Ky. 40502. University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004. MASSACHUSmS: Boston: SWP and YSA, c/o Militan. UTAH: logan: YSA, c/o Sterne McMullen, 763 E. 9th 0 Enclosed is $1 for a 3 month introductory subscription. North, lagan, Utah B4321 . •abor Forum, 295 Huntington Ave., Rm 307, Boston, 0 Enclosed is $4 for a 1 year regular subscription . Maas. 02115. Tel: (6171491-BB93, 547-B557. WASHINGTON. D.C.: YSA, 1319 F. St., Rm 1010 0 For Gls-$1 for a 6-month introductory subscription. MICHIGAN: Ann Arbor: YSA, P. 0. Box 40B, Ann Wash., D. C. Tel: (202) 638-0610 or 965-0253. Atbor, Mich. 48104. Detroit: SWP and YSA, Eugene Y. Debs Hall, 3737 WASHINGTON: Cheney: E. Wash. State YSA, Sub Woodward Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48201. Tel: (3131 TE1- Box 1040, EWSC, Cheney, Wash. 99004. Tel: 235- NAME. 6135. 6749. East Lansing: YSA, c/a Alec Harshey, 914 lilac *7, Se<1Hie: Militant Bookstore, 5257 University Way STREET East lansing, Mi. 48B23. N. E., SeaHie, Wash. 9B1 05. Hrs. 11 a.m.-B p.m., Mon.­ Ypsilanti: YSA, c/o Dave Davis, 417 Olive St., Ypsi­ S1. E. (at E. Hennepin' Milwaukee: YSA, c/a Heold, 929 N. Water St., Mil­ 2nd fl., Mpls. 55413. Tel: (6121 332-77BI. waukee, Wise. 53202. Tel: 679-142B ar 342-3215. Send to: The Militant, 873 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003 Page 16 TH£ MILITANT Friday, Jan. 30, 1970 N.Y. SWP opens state • Feminist Theater campa1gn at SWP rally NEW YORK - A perfor­ mance by the New Feminist Theater will highlight a ban­ quet and rally to open the 1970 Socialist Workers Party election campaign on Feb. 7 at 873 Broadway (near 18th Street). The dinner will begin at 6 p.m., and the rally at 8:30p.m. Speakers at the rally will in­ clude Clifton DeBerry, the par­ ty's candidate for governor; Kipp Dawson, candidate for U. S. senator; Ruthann Miller, candidate for comptroller; Randy Furst, staff writer for the Guardian; and Michael 'Weissman, High School Stu­ dent Mobilization Committee. For further information, call (212) 477-8950.

tain the status quo. Despite his record Photo by Hermes as a squeeze-the-poor and cut-back-on­ SOCIALIST NOMINEES. The New York Socialist troller; Clifton DeBerry for Governor; and Kipp public services governor, Rockefeller is Workers Party state ticket (left to right): Hedda Dawson for Senator. Miguel Padilla (below) is attempting to project a "liberal" image. Garza for Nassau County Executive; Jon Roths­ candidate for Attorney General. Similarly with "peace candidate" child for Lt. Governor; Ruthann Miller for Comp- Charles Goodell. As U.S. senator, he has talked about "phasing ouf' the war. By TERRY HILLMAN Restore the demonstration school dis­ strike; repeal the Taylor Law. For a At the same time, he has tried to curb NEW YORK- The New York State tricts under community control. Free labor party based on the unions. the mass antiwar movement which calls Socialist Workers Party announced an the Panther 21. Hands off the Young e Free, complete, high-quality health for bringing the troops home now. He action-oriented election campaign at a Lords. care. Free public transportation. For has stated that he wants to get that news conference here Jan. 22. e Support the women's liberation a crash program to end pollution of movement off the streets. The campaign is designed to build movement. Abolish abortion laws. Build air and water. A 100 percent tax on The capitalist-party candidates are as­ the antiwar, Black and Puerto Rican, the March 21 demonstration against all incomes over $25,000. sured of big-money backing and ma­ women's liberation, and high school abortion laws. End forced sterilization e For a government ofthemajority­ chine support. The SWF campaign will and college movements that are now of poor women. Equal pay for equal working people, Afro-Americans, Puerto have very little money. But a strong sweeping the state, and to provide a work, and full access for women to all Ricans, other Third World people, wom­ team of young leaders is building the socialist perspective. employment and. educational oppor­ en, students. For a socialist America. revolutionary movement around New The central campaign theme is the tunities. Wages for housework. Free, York state. The Young Socialist Al­ necessity of ending the dictatorship of 24-hour child-care centers controlled by The SWP campaign committee plans liance is actively supporting the SWP the small, wealthy minority over the those who use them. an attack on restrictive election laws. campaign, and New York state chap­ lives of the great majority of people. e Full constitutional rights for high A major target will be the undemocratic ters of the YSA are already arranging Some key platform planks are: school students. Ger the cops out of requirement that nominating petitions meetings for the candidates on campus­ e Bring all the troops home from the high s.chools. Student and faculty have at least 50 signatures of regis­ es around the state, building broad sup­ Vietnam now. Build massive antiwar control of higher education. End high tered voters from each of New York's porter groups, and raising funds to demonstrations this spring. No phony school and campus complicity with the 62 counties. Similar laws in Illinois cover the very heavy expenses of a "Vietnamization" of the war. For a refer­ war and with racist and antilabor in­ and Michigan have already been de­ campaign as extensive as the one pro­ endum on the war. stitutions. Open admissions to all state clared unconstitutional. jected. e Black and Puerto Rican control and city universities. Free higher edu­ The leading contender for governor Contributions and inquiries should of Black and Puerto Rican communities. cation for all. is the Republican incumbent, Nelson be sent to the New York State Socialist For mass, independent Black and Puer­ e End unemployment through a Rockefeller. As a member of one of Workers Campaign Committee, 873 to Rican political parties. Against the shorter work week with no loss of pay. the country's wealthiest families, he has Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10003; planned state office building in Harlem. For the right of public employes to an obvious reason for wanting to main- telephone: (212) 477-8950. The socialist ticket: militant fighters all

The New York State Socialist Work­ at San F'rancisco State College because NEY GENERAL. Living in the South Padilla joined the Young Socialist Al­ ers Party candidates are: of events involving the Cuban Revolu­ Bronx led Miguel Padilla to the early liance at the City College of New York. e CLIFTON DEBERRY FOR GOV­ tion. realization that some sort of organized He is currently a member of the YSA' s ERNOR. Clifton DeBerry moved to Chi­ She chaired the San Francisco com­ political action would be necessary in national committee. He is a member cago from rural Mississippi during the mittee which organized participation in order to change existing social condi­ of the CCNY Puerto Ricans Involved depression years. His long history as the 1965 March on Washington against tions. in Student Action, and during the spring a radical labor and Black-struggle lead­ the war in Vietnam. She was elected of 1969, he was a leader in the CCNY er began in the Chicago slums in 1940, West Coast executive director of the strike called by the Black and Puerto when he organized a union of his fellow Spring Mobilization Committee to End Rican Student Committee to demand bowling-alley pinsetters. the War in Vietnam for the April 15, that CCNY enroll in its classes the As a member of United Farm Equip­ 1967, demonstrations, and she ad­ same proportion of Third World stu­ ment and Metal Workers of America, dressed that rally of 70,000. dents as attend the city's high schools. Local 108, he was chairman of the She served on the national executive e RUTHANN MILLER FOR COMP­ steward's committee, chairman of the committee of the Young Socialist Al­ TROLLER. Ruthann Miller is a leader local's Black caucus, and a member liance from 1967-1969. in New York's People to Abolish Abor­ of the committees which led the bitter tion Laws, the committee which is build­ International Harvester strikes of 1942- e JON ROTHSCHILD FOR LIEU­ ing a March 21 demonstration against 43 and 1946. TENANT GOVERNOR. Like many abortion laws in conjunction with four He was the SWF's candidate for Pres­ revolutionary activists, Jon Rothschild federal suits against abortion laws. ident in 1964, and has authored numer­ became aware of socialist ideas through She is a key figure in the women's ous articles on Marxism and the Black his participation in the antiwar move­ liberation movement here. struggle. ment. She joined the YSA at Columbia Uni­ e KIPP DAWSON FOR U.S. SEN­ Rothschild joined the Young Socialist versity in 1967, where she was active ATOR. Kipp Dawson was a national Alliance after working with members of in the antiwar committee. coordinator of the Student Mobilization the Ann Arbor YSA on the various In­ e HEDDA GARZA FOR NASSAU Committee to End the War in Vietnam ternational Days of Protest Against the COUNTY EXECUTIVE. Hedda Garza and is currently active in the women's War in Vietnam. is a working mother of four children. liberation movement. She has been an He is known around the country as She has been a radical since her early active participant in the struggles for a YSA spokesman in defense of the teens. civil rights for Black and Chicano peo­ Arab revolution. Articles by him have In the mid-50s, she was Long Island ples, in defense of the Cuban Revolu­ appeared in the Young Socialist and representative for the National Guar­ tion, against the war in Vietnam, and in Al Hadaf, the magazine of the Popu­ dian. She became interested in the In­ for women's liberation. lar Front for the Liberation of Pales­ dependent Socialist Party campaign of Kipp Dawson turned toward revolu­ tine. Photo by Hermes 1958, through which she came into tionary politics in her sophomore year e MIGUEL PADILLA FOR ATTOR- Miguel Padilla contact with the Socialist Workers Party.