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Marshal William Carr Beresford and the Return to Portugal of the Portuguese Royal Family (1814-1830)”

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Marshal William Carr Beresford and the Return to Portugal of the Portuguese Royal Family (1814-1830)” 2020 29 29 Financiado por fundos nacionais através da FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P., no âmbito do projecto: UIDB/04097/2020 As Relações Luso-Britânicas ao Tempo do Liberalismo TÍTULO Revista de Estudos Anglo-Portugueses / Journal of Anglo-Portuguese Studies Número 29 2020 ISSN: 0871-682X SCOPUS (indizadaen/0871-682X/scopus), MLA-Modern Language Association Database (/indizadaen/0871-682X/mla), MIAR (miar.ub.edu/issn/0871-682X), LATINDEX, RUN, DOCBWEB URL: http://japs.fcsh.unl.pt DOI: https.//doi.org./10.34134/reap.1991.208.29 DIRECTORA Gabriela Gândara Terenas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, CETAPS (Professora Associada com Agregação) [email protected] APOIO EDITORIAL E À DIRECÇÃO Cristina Carinhas COMISSÃO REDACTORIAL Maria Leonor Machado de Sousa, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, CETAPS (Professora Emérita) Malyn Newitt, King’s College, University of London (Professor Emeritus) Paulo de Medeiros, University of Warwick (Full Professor) Teresa Pinto Coelho, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, IHC (Professora Catedrática) Rui Miranda, University of Nottingham (Associate Professor) Rogério Miguel Puga, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, CETAPS (Professor Associado) João Paulo Ascenso Pereira da Silva, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, CETAPS (Professor Auxiliar) Maria Zulmira Castanheira, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, CETAPS (Professora Auxiliar) Paul de Melo e Castro, University of Glasgow (Lecturer) DIRECÇÃO E REDACÇÃO Centre for English, Translation and Anglo-Portuguese Studies da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa Av. de Berna, 26 - C – 1069-061 Lisboa http://www.cetaps.com DESIGN Nuno Pacheco Silva PAGINAÇÃO Glauco Leal de Magalhães EDIÇÃO Tiragem: 100 exemplares FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia Edições Húmus, Lda., 2019 Apartado 7081 4764-908 Ribeirão – V. N. Famalicão Telef.: 926 375 305 [email protected] DISTRIBUIÇÃO Centre for English, Translation and Anglo-Portuguese Studies Depósito Legal n.º 93441/95 À memória do Prof. Doutor António Bernardo Lopes OBITUÁRIO António Bernardo Lopes (1967-2019) foi um destacado docente e investigador da Escola Superior de Educação e Comunicação, Universidade do Algarve, onde desempenhou as funções de professor coordenador na área de Estudos Ingleses. Aqui coordenava o Mestrado de Ensino do Português e do Inglês no Ensino Básico. Foi mestre em Estudos Anglo-Portugueses, na especialidade de Literatura Inglesa, pela Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, e doutorado em Cultura Inglesa pela mesma Universidade, com um estudo sobre a construção de ideologias e discursos nas teorias marxistas e pós-marxistas, tese notável que viria a ser publi- cada em livro com o título: Is There an End of Ideologies? Exploring Constructs of Ideology and Discourse in Marxist and Post-Marxist Theories (Newcastle-upon-Tyne: Cambridge Scholars, 2015). Como investiga- dor, fazia parte do CETAPS, desde 2008, onde participou e coorde- nou vários projectos europeus como o PETALL (Pan-European Task- based Activities for Language Learning), que envolveu universidades e escolas secundárias de dez países europeus. Foi ainda representante para Portugal da EUROCALL – European Association for Computer- Assisted Language Learning. No campo do ensino de Inglês, são refe- rências importantes as suas obras coeditadas, como António Lopes e Raúl Ruiz-Cecilia (Eds.) (2018). New Trends in Language Teaching: Methods, Evaluation, Training. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing e António Lopes e Merja Mattos-Parreira (Eds.) (2017). Challenges in the Construction of an Inclusive Society. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Autor de inúmeros arti- gos científicos nas áreas dos estudos de cultura inglesa, ensino de lín- guas e Estudos Anglo-Portugueses, António Lopes deixou-nos dema- siado cedo, mas o seu exemplo académico e pessoal perdurará na memória de quantos tiveram o privilégio de trabalhar com ele, apren- der com ele ou simplesmente disfrutar do diálogo intelectual riquís- simo com que sempre nos brindou numa vida cheia de inteligência, integridade e um humanismo exemplar. Carlos Ceia ÍNDICE TABLE OF CONTENTS EDITORIAL ................................................13 EDITORIAL ................................................19 PROJECTOS PROJECTS 1. Miguel Alarcão, “As Cartas de Inglaterra (1973) de D. Pedro Homem de Mello (1904-1984)”” ............25 ESTUDOS ESSAYS 1. Eurico Dias, “Simbioses e Influências Britânicas na Imprensa Periódica Portuguesa (1808-1826)” ..........41 2. Marcus de la Poer Beresford, “Marshal William Carr Beresford and the Return to Portugal of the Portuguese Royal Family (1814-1830)” .............67 3. Rogério Miguel Puga, “A Mitificação Negativa de Beresford e a Representação Carnavalesca de Interesses Anglo-Portugueses em Felizmente Há Luar! (1961), de Sttau Monteiro” ...................................89 4. Gabriela Gândara Terenas, “Never a Saint: D. Carlota Joaquina Protagonista de Episódios das Lutas Liberais num Romance Histórico Britânico” ....................129 5. Rui Moura, “Tomás Guilherme Stubbs (1776-1844), Oficial do Exército ortuguêsP de 1800 a 1844” ...........143 6. Maria Zulmira Castanheira, “Exílio e Escrita de Viagem ao Tempo do Liberalismo – A Experiência do Brigadeiro António Bernardino Pereira do Lago em Inglaterra: Ver e Aproveitar” ....................................183 RECENSÕES CRÍTICAS REVIEWS 1. Gabriela Gândara Terenas, “Malyn Newitt, The Braganzas. The Rise and Fall of the Ruling Dynasties of Portugal and Brazil, 1640-1910. London: Reaktion Books, 2019” .......................217 2. Rogério Miguel Puga, “Marcus de la Poer Beresford. Marshal William Carr Beresford: The Ablest Man I Have Yet Seen With the Army. Newbridge: Irish Academic Press, 2019” .................223 3. Rogério Miguel Puga, “Pedro de Avillez (ed.). O Cemitério dos Ingleses, Elvas (Elvas: Tales of the British Cemetery). Elvas: Associação dos Amigos do Cemitério dos Ingleses em Elvas, 2019” ..........................229 4. Teresa Pinto Coelho, “Cláudia Pazos Alonso. Francisca Wood and Nineteenth-Century Periodical Culture. Pressing for Change. Oxford: Legenda, 2020” .............233 ABSTRACTS ..............................................243 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES .......................................247 PUBLICATION ETHICS AND PUBLICATION MALPRACTICE .................251 EDITORIAL No ano em que se evoca o bicentenário da Revolução Liberal e pelas suas importantes ligações à Grã-Bretanha, o presente número da REAP/JAPS, de 2020, será, pela primeira vez na história da Revista, um número temático dedicado exclusivamente às relações luso-britânicas ao tempo do liberalismo, mais precisamente da Revolução de 1820 à Restauração da Carta Constitucional, em 1842. Assim, impõe-se, desde logo, chamar a atenção para o papel desempenhado pela imprensa portuguesa sedeada em Londres, onde os exilados, seguindo, em grande medida, o modelo parla- mentar britânico, tentavam divulgar as ideias liberais, bem como as vantagens de estabelecer uma monarquia constitucional. Neste con- texto, o artigo de Eurico Dias – “Simbioses e Influências Britânicas na Imprensa Periódica Portuguesa (1808-1826)” – sublinha a acção desempenhada por estes periódicos na preparação das mentalidades para a mudança que se avizinhava, num contexto histórico-político anterior e contemporâneo da Revolução de 1820. De entre os títulos porventura mais emblemáticos, destacam-se o Correio Braziliense ou Armazem Literario, O Investigador Portuguez em Inglaterra e O Portuguez ou Mercurio Politico, bem como os articulistas Hipólito José da Costa, José Liberato Freire de Carvalho e João Bernardo da Rocha Loureiro. A longa ausência de D. João e da Corte no Brasil permitira a ascen- são de William Carr Beresford (1768-1854) em Lisboa, após a liberta- ção definitiva de Portugal da ocupação das tropas francesas. De facto, no fim das Guerras Napoleónicas, Beresford voltou a Portugal para reassumir o comando do exército português, mas não se limitou a desempenhar esse papel, pretendendo intervir também na política geral do país. Nesse sentido, decidiu ir ao Rio de Janeiro procurar o apoio que desejava, regressando a Lisboa, em 1816, investido por D. João VI de amplos poderes, o que lhe trouxe vários problemas com a Regência. Passando a usufruir de uma posição de chefia que o sobre- punha aos governantes portugueses, Beresford teria dado ordens para que fossem capturados não só todos os suspeitos de jacobinos, mas também os alegados conspiradores que planeariam expulsar do país o Marechal britânico e, até, instaurar em Portugal um regime constitucio- nal com uma Carta idêntica à que havia sido conferida a Espanha, em REAP / JAPS 29 Cádis, em 1812. De facto, o “Supremo Conselho Regenerador e Após a Derrota Definitiva de Napoleão Bonaparte (1815), de Portugal e do Algarve”, integrando oficiais do Exército e maçons, visava introduzir o liberalismo em Portugal, expulsar os britânicos do controlo militar do país e promover a “salvação da independência” da pátria. Acusado de déspota, de brutalidade e de intromissão em assuntos nacionais, Beresford foi alvo do ódio que se fazia sentir em Portugal contra a altivez e a arrogância britânicas. Para se defender de um eventual ata- que, em Maio de 1817, o Marechal teria organizado uma operação em Lisboa para aprisionar os presumíveis suspeitos, entre os quais se contava Gomes Freire de Andrade e Castro (1757-1817), acusado de conspirar contra a monarquia de D. João VI, então representada em Portugal pela Regência,
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