DOCSLIB.ORG

Teachers' Perceptions Toward De-Brailling Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Teachers' Perceptions Toward De-Brailling Of TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARD DE-BRAILLING OF WORK BY STUDENTS WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENT IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED LEARNERS IN KENYA OBADO HESBON OTIENO E55/28084/2013 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF EDUCATION (SPECIAL NEEDS EDUCATION) TO THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, KENYATTA UNIVERSITY DECEMBER, 2019 DECLARATION Student’s Declaration I confirm that this thesis is my original work and has not been presented in any other university/institution for consideration for any certification. This thesis has been complemented by referenced sources duly acknowledged. Where text, data (including spoken words), graphics, pictures or tables have been borrowed from other sources, including the internet, these are specifically accredited and references cited using current APA system and in accordance with anti-plagiarism regulations. Signature………………………….……… Date………..………………..…………... Obado Hesbon Otieno Registration Number: E55/28084/2013 Department of Special Needs Education. Supervisors’ Declaration This thesis has been submitted for appraisal with our approval as University Supervisors. Signature………………………….……… Date………..………………..…………... Dr. Chomba Wa Munyi Department of Special Needs Education Kenyatta University Signature………………………….……… Date………..………………..…………... Dr. Jessina Muthee Department of Special Needs Education Kenyatta University ii DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my loving wife, Lencer; my adorable children, Maimuounah, David-Herbert, Laurah, Shantelle and Sharleen; and my assiduous and caring parents, Mr. Samwel Obado Omito and Mrs. Conslata Atieno Obado. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This study was a protracted journey whose success depended on the precious in-put of numerous institutions and people, to whom I am honestly grateful. My appreciation goes to Kenyatta University for granting me an opportunity to study and improve my life and those of others. I am genuinely indebted to my knowledgeable and highly helpful supervisors, Dr. Chomba Wa Munyi and Dr. Jessina Muthee who walked with me every step of the research proposal and thesis writing; lecturers in the Department of Special Needs Education for imparting invaluable knowledge, skills, attitudes and advice; and lecturers from the School of Education whose lectures and insights were utterly indispensible. I am also indebted to all the administrators in the study locales and all the research respondents. Special and sincere gratitude goes to the Teachers Service Commission (TSC) for giving me study leave. In particular I thank Mrs. Catherine Olwande for her seminal role in signing my documents for study leave. She felt that I deserved professional development. I would like to appreciate the late Leo Obado Kanga for introducing me to the world of books at a tender age. He provided an opportunity for me to make my friends books and books my friends (Ben Jonson, English Playwright, 1572-1637). To my family: spouse, children, parents, siblings and the larger Kajwang’ family, your love, patience and support have been immense. Those whose names appear here are a mere representative of those whose enviable contribution made this search for truth a success. I will ever remain utterly indebted and passionately grateful to you. May God bless you and grant you the desires of your heart. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION .................................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION ....................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................... iv TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................................... v LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. viii LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................................................. ix ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ........................................................................... x ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................ xi CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXTUALIZATION OF THE STUDY ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Background to the study ........................................................................................... 1 1.3 Statement of the problem .......................................................................................... 8 1.3.1 Purpose of the Study ..................................................................................... 8 1.3.2 Research Objectives ...................................................................................... 9 1.3.3 Research Questions ....................................................................................... 9 1.4 Significance of the Study .......................................................................................... 9 1.5 Limitations and Delimitations of the Study ............................................................ 10 1.5.1 Limitations .................................................................................................. 10 1.5.2 Delimitations ............................................................................................... 11 1.6 Assumptions ............................................................................................................ 11 1.7 Theoretical and Conceptual Framework ................................................................. 12 1.7.1 Theoretical Framework ............................................................................... 12 1.7.2 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................... 14 1.8 Operational Definition of Terms ............................................................................. 16 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE .................................. 17 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 17 v 2.2 Comparing the Original and de-brailled Texts ....................................................... 17 2.3 Professional Qualifications for de-brailling Personnel ........................................... 24 2.3.1 Teachers’ Qualifications ............................................................................. 25 2.3.2 Access Assistants’ Qualification................................................................. 29 2.4 Challenges in de-brailling ....................................................................................... 35 2.5 Competence of de-brailling Personnel .................................................................... 42 2.6 Summary of the Review.......................................................................................... 51 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY ................. 54 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 54 3.2 Research Design...................................................................................................... 54 3.3 Research Variables.................................................................................................. 55 3.3.1 Independent Variables ................................................................................ 55 3.3.2 Dependent Variables ................................................................................... 55 3.4 Location of the Study .............................................................................................. 55 3.5 Target Population .................................................................................................... 56 3.6 Sampling Techniques and Sample Size .................................................................. 56 3.6.1 Sampling Techniques .................................................................................. 56 3.6.2 Sample Size ......................................................................................................... 57 3.7 Research Instruments .............................................................................................. 58 3.7.1 Questionnaires: ........................................................................................... 58 3.7.2 Interview Schedules .................................................................................... 59 3.8 Piloting the Study .................................................................................................... 61 3.8.1 Validity ....................................................................................................... 61 3.8.2 Reliability .................................................................................................... 62 3.9 Data Collection Techniques .................................................................................... 62 3.10 Data Analysis ........................................................................................................ 63 3.11 Logistical and Ethical
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Průvodce Formátováním Braillského Textu V Editoru Duxbury
    Průvodce formátováním braillského textu v editoru Duxbury Břetislav Verner, CSc. © Spektra, 2019 Průvodce editorem DBT v českém prostředí OBSAH Předmluva ........................................................................................................ 8 Úvod .................................................................................................................. 8 Co a kdy z Průvodce číst ........................................................................................ 8 Zpřístupnění ............................................................................................................ 9 Instalace DBT ................................................................................................. 10 Jednoduchá instalace ........................................................................................... 10 Krok 1: Spuštění instalátoru ..........................................................................................10 Krok 2: Licenční podmínky............................................................................................11 Krok 3: Údaje o uživateli ...............................................................................................12 Krok 4: Typ nastavení ...................................................................................................13 Krok 5: Potvrzení ..........................................................................................................13 Krok 6: Dokončení ........................................................................................................14
    [Show full text]
  • Runes Free Download
    RUNES FREE DOWNLOAD Martin Findell | 112 pages | 24 Mar 2014 | BRITISH MUSEUM PRESS | 9780714180298 | English | London, United Kingdom Runic alphabet Main article: Younger Futhark. He Runes rune magic to Freya and learned Seidr from her. The runes were in use among the Germanic peoples from the 1st or 2nd century AD. BCE Proto-Sinaitic 19 c. They Runes found in Scandinavia and Viking Age settlements abroad, probably in use from the 9th century onward. From the "golden age of philology " in the 19th century, runology formed a specialized branch of Runes linguistics. There are no horizontal strokes: when carving a message on a flat staff or stick, it would be along the grain, thus both less legible and more likely to split the Runes. BCE Phoenician 12 c. Little is known about the origins of Runes Runic alphabet, which is traditionally known as futhark after the Runes six letters. That is now proved, what you asked of the runes, of the potent famous ones, which the great gods made, and the mighty sage stained, that it is best for him if he stays silent. It was the main alphabet in Norway, Sweden Runes Denmark throughout the Viking Age, but was largely though not completely replaced by the Latin alphabet by about as a result of the Runes of Runes of Scandinavia to Christianity. It was probably used Runes the 5th century Runes. Incessantly plagued by maleficence, doomed to insidious death is he who breaks this monument. These inscriptions are generally Runes Elder Futharkbut the set of Runes shapes and bindrunes employed is far from standardized.
    [Show full text]
  • The Braillemathcodes Repository
    Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on "Digitization and E-Inclusion in Mathematics and Science 2021" DEIMS2021, February 18–19, 2021, Tokyo _________________________________________________________________________________________ The BrailleMathCodes Repository Paraskevi Riga1, Theodora Antonakopoulou1, David Kouvaras1, Serafim Lentas1, and Georgios Kouroupetroglou1 1National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece Speech and Accessibility Laboratory, Department of Informatics and Telecommunications [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Math notation for the sighted is a global language, but this is not the case with braille math, as different codes are in use worldwide. In this work, we present the design and development of a math braille-codes' repository named BrailleMathCodes. It aims to constitute a knowledge base as well as a search engine for both students who need to find a specific symbol code and the editors who produce accessible STEM educational content or, in general, the learner of math braille notation. After compiling a set of mathematical braille codes used worldwide in a database, we assigned the corresponding Unicode representation, when applicable, matched each math braille code with its LaTeX equivalent, and forwarded with Presentation MathML. Every math symbol is accompanied with a characteristic example in MathML and Nemeth. The BrailleMathCodes repository was designed following the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. Users or learners of any code, both sighted and blind, can search for a term and read how it is rendered in various codes. The repository was implemented as a dynamic e-commerce website using Joomla! and VirtueMart. 1 Introduction Braille constitutes a tactile writing system used by people who are visually impaired.
    [Show full text]
  • Education Specialist Teaching Performance Expectations (Tpes) As These Apply to the Subjects and Specialties Authorized by the Credential
    Preliminary Education Specialist Teaching Credential Preconditions, Program Standards, and Teaching Performance Expectations Commission on Teacher Credentialing Standards and Performance Expectations Adopted August 2018 Published February 2020 Handbook Updated April 2021 This publication by the Commission on Teacher Credentialing is not copyright. It may be reproduced in the public interest, but proper attribution is requested. Commission on Teacher Credentialing 1900 Capitol Avenue Sacramento, California 95811 Commission on Teacher Credentialing Program Standards Preliminary Education Specialist Teaching Credential: Preconditions adopted December 2008, updated February 2017 Program Standards adopted August 2018 Teaching Performance Expectations (TPEs) adopted August 2018 Table of Contents Preliminary Education Specialist Teaching Credential Preconditions, Program Standards, and Teaching Performance Expectations i Table of Contents i Preliminary Education Specialist Credential Preconditions 1 Preliminary Education Specialist Credential Program Standards (2018) 3 Standard 1: Program Design and Curriculum 3 Standard 2: Preparing Candidates to Master the Teaching Performance Expectations (TPEs) 4 Standard 3: Clinical Practice 4 A. Organization of Clinical Practice Experiences 4 B. Preparation of Faculty and/or Site Supervisors and/or Program Directors 6 C. Criteria for School Placements 6 D. Criteria for the Selection of District Employed Supervisors 6 (also may be known as the 6 Standard 4: Monitoring, Supporting, and Assessing Candidate
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Educational Materials
    InSIDE: Including Students with Impairments in Distance Education Delivery Development of educational DEV2.1 materials Eleni Koustriava1, Konstantinos Papadopoulos1, Konstantinos Authors Charitakis1 Partner University of Macedonia (UOM)1, Johannes Kepler University (JKU) Work Package WP2: Adapted educational material Issue Date 31-05-2020 Report Status Final This project (598763-EPP-1-2018-1-EL-EPPKA2-CBHE- JP) has been co-funded by the Erasmus+ Programme of the European Commission. This publication [communication] reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein Project Partners University of National and Macedonia, Greece Kapodistrian University of Athens, Coordinator Greece Johannes Kepler University of Aboubekr University, Austria Belkaid Tlemcen, Algeria Mouloud Mammeri Blida 2 University, Algeria University of Tizi-Ouzou, Algeria University of Sciences Ibn Tofail university, and Technology of Oran Morocco Mohamed Boudiaf, Algeria Cadi Ayyad University of Sfax, Tunisia University, Morocco Abdelmalek Essaadi University of Tunis El University, Morocco Manar, Tunisia University of University of Sousse, Mohammed V in Tunisia Rabat, Morocco InSIDE project Page WP2: Adapted educational material 2018-3218 /001-001 [2|103] DEV2.1: Development of Educational Materials Project Information Project Number 598763-EPP-1-2018-1-EL-EPPKA2-CBHE-JP Grant Agreement 2018-3218 /001-001 Number Action code CBHE-JP Project Acronym InSIDE Project Title
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Developing Methodology for 8-Dot Braille Code Systems
    Design and Developing Methodology for 8-dot Braille Code Systems Hernisa Kacorri1,2 and Georgios Kouroupetroglou1 1 National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, Panepistimiopolis, Ilisia, 15784 Athens, Greece {c.katsori,koupe}@di.uoa.gr 2 The City University of New York (CUNY), Doctoral Program in Computer Science, The Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Ave, New York, NY 10016 USA [email protected] Abstract. Braille code, employing six embossed dots evenly arranged in rec- tangular letter spaces or cells, constitutes the dominant touch reading or typing system for the blind. Limited to 63 possible dot combinations per cell, there are a number of application examples, such as mathematics and sciences, and assis- tive technologies, such as braille displays, in which the 6-dot cell braille is ex- tended to 8-dot. This work proposes a language-independent methodology for the systematic development of an 8-dot braille code. Moreover, a set of design principles is introduced that focuses on: achieving an abbreviated representation of the supported symbols, retaining connectivity with the 6-dot representation, preserving similarity on the transition rules applied in other languages, remov- ing ambiguities, and considering future extensions. The proposed methodology was successfully applied in the development of an 8-dot literary Greek braille code that covers both the modern and the ancient Greek orthography, including diphthongs, digits, and punctuation marks. Keywords: document accessibility, braille, 8-dot braille, assistive technologies. 1 Introduction Braille code, employing six embossed dots evenly arranged in quadrangular letter spac- es or cells [2], constitutes the main system of touch reading for the blind.
    [Show full text]
  • Reading Practice Quiz List Report Page 1 Accelerated Reader®: Thursday, 05/20/10, 09:41 AM
    Reading Practice Quiz List Report Page 1 Accelerated Reader®: Thursday, 05/20/10, 09:41 AM Holden Elementary School Reading Practice Quizzes Int. Book Point Fiction/ Quiz No. Title Author Level Level Value Language Nonfiction 661 The 18th Emergency Betsy Byars MG 4.1 3.0 English Fiction 7351 20,000 Baseball Cards Under the Sea Jon Buller LG 2.6 0.5 English Fiction 11592 2095 Jon Scieszka MG 4.8 2.0 English Fiction 6201 213 Valentines Barbara Cohen LG 3.1 2.0 English Fiction 30629 26 Fairmount Avenue Tomie De Paola LG 4.4 1.0 English Nonfiction 166 4B Goes Wild Jamie Gilson MG 5.2 5.0 English Fiction 9001 The 500 Hats of Bartholomew CubbinsDr. Seuss LG 3.9 1.0 English Fiction 413 The 89th Kitten Eleanor Nilsson MG 4.3 2.0 English Fiction 11151 Abe Lincoln's Hat Martha Brenner LG 2.6 0.5 English Nonfiction 61248 Abe Lincoln: The Boy Who Loved BooksKay Winters LG 3.6 0.5 English Nonfiction 101 Abel's Island William Steig MG 6.2 3.0 English Fiction 13701 Abigail Adams: Girl of Colonial Days Jean Brown Wagoner MG 4.2 3.0 English Nonfiction 9751 Abiyoyo Pete Seeger LG 2.8 0.5 English Fiction 907 Abraham Lincoln Ingri & Edgar d'Aulaire 4.0 1.0 English 31812 Abraham Lincoln (Pebble Books) Lola M. Schaefer LG 1.5 0.5 English Nonfiction 102785 Abraham Lincoln: Sixteenth President Mike Venezia LG 5.9 0.5 English Nonfiction 6001 Ace: The Very Important Pig Dick King-Smith LG 5.0 3.0 English Fiction 102 Across Five Aprils Irene Hunt MG 8.9 11.0 English Fiction 7201 Across the Stream Mirra Ginsburg LG 1.2 0.5 English Fiction 17602 Across the Wide and Lonesome Prairie:Kristiana The Oregon Gregory Trail Diary..
    [Show full text]
  • Guidelines and Standards for Tactile Graphics, 2010
    Guidelines and Standards for Tactile Graphics, 2010 Developed as a Joint Project of the Braille Authority of North America and the Canadian Braille Authority L'Autorité Canadienne du Braille Published by The Braille Authority of North America ©2011 by The Braille Authority of North America All rights reserved. This material may be downloaded and printed, but not altered or sold. The mission and purpose of the Braille Authority of North America are to assure literacy for tactile readers through the standardization of braille and/or tactile graphics. BANA promotes and facilitates the use, teaching, and production of braille. It publishes rules, interprets, and renders opinions pertaining to braille in all existing codes. It deals with codes now in existence or to be developed in the future, in collaboration with other countries using English braille. In exercising its function and authority, BANA considers the effects of its decisions on other existing braille codes and formats; the ease of production by various methods; and acceptability to readers. For more information and resources, visit www.brailleauthority.org. ii Canadian Braille Authority (CBA) Members CNIB (Canadian National Institute for the Blind) Canadian Council of the Blind Braille Authority of North America (BANA) Members American Council of the Blind, Inc. (ACB) American Foundation for the Blind (AFB) American Printing House for the Blind (APH) Associated Services for the Blind (ASB) Association for Education & Rehabilitation of the Blind & Visually Impaired (AER) Braille Institute of America (BIA) California Transcribers & Educators for the Blind and Visually Impaired (CTEBVI) CNIB (Canadian National Institute for the Blind) The Clovernook Center for the Blind (CCBVI) National Braille Association, Inc.
    [Show full text]
  • A STUDY of WRITING Oi.Uchicago.Edu Oi.Uchicago.Edu /MAAM^MA
    oi.uchicago.edu A STUDY OF WRITING oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu /MAAM^MA. A STUDY OF "*?• ,fii WRITING REVISED EDITION I. J. GELB Phoenix Books THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS oi.uchicago.edu This book is also available in a clothbound edition from THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS TO THE MOKSTADS THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO & LONDON The University of Toronto Press, Toronto 5, Canada Copyright 1952 in the International Copyright Union. All rights reserved. Published 1952. Second Edition 1963. First Phoenix Impression 1963. Printed in the United States of America oi.uchicago.edu PREFACE HE book contains twelve chapters, but it can be broken up structurally into five parts. First, the place of writing among the various systems of human inter­ communication is discussed. This is followed by four Tchapters devoted to the descriptive and comparative treatment of the various types of writing in the world. The sixth chapter deals with the evolution of writing from the earliest stages of picture writing to a full alphabet. The next four chapters deal with general problems, such as the future of writing and the relationship of writing to speech, art, and religion. Of the two final chapters, one contains the first attempt to establish a full terminology of writing, the other an extensive bibliography. The aim of this study is to lay a foundation for a new science of writing which might be called grammatology. While the general histories of writing treat individual writings mainly from a descriptive-historical point of view, the new science attempts to establish general principles governing the use and evolution of writing on a comparative-typological basis.
    [Show full text]
  • Nemeth Code Uses Some Parts of Textbook Format but Has Some Idiosyncrasies of Its Own
    This book is a compilation of research, in “Understanding and Tracing the Problem faced by the Visually Impaired while doing Mathematics” as a Diploma project by Aarti Vashisht at the Srishti School of Art, Design and Technology, Bangalore. 6 DOTS 64 COMBINATIONS A Braille character is formed out of a combination of six dots. Including the blank space, sixty four combinations are possible using one or more of these six dots. CONTENTS Introduction 2 About Braille 32 Mathematics for the Visually Impaired 120 Learning Mathematics 168 C o n c l u s i o n 172 P e o p l e a n d P l a c e s 190 Acknowledgements INTRODUCTION This project tries to understand the nature of the problems that are faced by the visually impaired within the realm of mathematics. It is a summary of my understanding of the problems in this field that may be taken forward to guide those individuals who are concerned about this subject. My education in design has encouraged interest in this field. As a designer I have learnt to be aware of my community and its needs, to detect areas where design can reach out and assist, if not resolve, a problem. Thus began, my search, where I sought to grasp a fuller understanding of the situation by looking at the various mediums that would help better communication. During the project I realized that more often than not work happened in individual pockets which in turn would lead to regionalization of many ideas and opportunities. Data collection got repetitive, which would delay or sometimes even hinder the process.
    [Show full text]
  • Mountbatten Pro User Guide
    User Guide Mountbatten Pro Revision 2 © Harpo Sp. z o. o. ul. 27 Grudnia 7, 61-737 Poznań, Poland www.mountbattenbrailler.com Thank you for purchasing a Mountbatten Pro. Since 1990, the Mountbatten range of Braille Writers has been offering expanded Braille writing opportunities to people all around the world. Mountbatten Braille Writers are in use in countries all over the world, bringing and supporting Braille literacy in many languages. To get the most from your new MB Pro, please read the first section, Welcome, and follow it with the second section, Exploring the MB Pro. After that, you can skip to the sections you want to read first, because you will have the most important basic information. News, resources, regular updates to this User Guide and a range of support material can be obtained from the Mountbatten website: www.mountbattenbrailler.com This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Contents Welcome................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Reading your User Guide.................................................................................................................................. 1 Very Important!.................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Writing As Language Technology
    HG2052 Language, Technology and the Internet Writing as Language Technology Francis Bond Division of Linguistics and Multilingual Studies http://www3.ntu.edu.sg/home/fcbond/ [email protected] Lecture 2 HG2052 (2021); CC BY 4.0 Overview ã The origins of writing ã Different writing systems ã Representing writing on computers ã Writing versus talking Writing as Language Technology 1 The Origins of Writing ã Writing was invented independently in at least three places: ­ Mesopotamia ­ China ­ Mesoamerica Possibly also Egypt (Earliest Egyptian Glyphs) and the Indus valley. ã The written records are incomplete ã Gradual development from pictures/tallies Writing as Language Technology 2 Follow the money ã Before 2700, writing is only accounting. ­ Temple and palace accounts ­ Gold, Wheat, Sheep ã How it developed ­ One token per thing (in a clay envelope) ­ One token per thing in the envelope and marked on the outside ­ One mark per thing ­ One mark and a symbol for the number ­ Finally symbols for names Denise Schmandt-Besserat (1997) How writing came about. University of Texas Press Writing as Language Technology 3 Clay Tokens and Envelope Clay Tablet Writing as Language Technology 4 Writing systems used for human languages ã What is writing? A system of more or less permanent marks used to represent an utterance in such a way that it can be recovered more or less exactly without the intervention of the utterer. Peter T. Daniels, The World’s Writing Systems ã Different types of writing systems are used: ­ Alphabetic ­ Syllabic ­ Logographic Writing
    [Show full text]