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The German North Sea Ports' Absorption Into Imperial Germany, 1866–1914
From Unification to Integration: The German North Sea Ports' absorption into Imperial Germany, 1866–1914 Henning Kuhlmann Submitted for the award of Master of Philosophy in History Cardiff University 2016 Summary This thesis concentrates on the economic integration of three principal German North Sea ports – Emden, Bremen and Hamburg – into the Bismarckian nation- state. Prior to the outbreak of the First World War, Emden, Hamburg and Bremen handled a major share of the German Empire’s total overseas trade. However, at the time of the foundation of the Kaiserreich, the cities’ roles within the Empire and the new German nation-state were not yet fully defined. Initially, Hamburg and Bremen insisted upon their traditional role as independent city-states and remained outside the Empire’s customs union. Emden, meanwhile, had welcomed outright annexation by Prussia in 1866. After centuries of economic stagnation, the city had great difficulties competing with Hamburg and Bremen and was hoping for Prussian support. This thesis examines how it was possible to integrate these port cities on an economic and on an underlying level of civic mentalities and local identities. Existing studies have often overlooked the importance that Bismarck attributed to the cultural or indeed the ideological re-alignment of Hamburg and Bremen. Therefore, this study will look at the way the people of Hamburg and Bremen traditionally defined their (liberal) identity and the way this changed during the 1870s and 1880s. It will also investigate the role of the acquisition of colonies during the process of Hamburg and Bremen’s accession. In Hamburg in particular, the agreement to join the customs union had a significant impact on the merchants’ stance on colonialism. -
Erfurt - Weimar - Jena West - Jena-Göschwitz - Gera HOLZLANDBAHN ൹ 565
Kursbuch der Deutschen Bahn 2020 www.bahn.de/kursbuch 565 Erfurt - Weimar - Jena West - Jena-Göschwitz - Gera HOLZLANDBAHN ൹ 565 VMT-Tarif Erfurt Hbf - Gera (IC, RE, EB); Anerkennung von Nahverkehrsfahrscheinen in den IC zwischen Erfurt und Gera RE 1 Göttingen - Erfurt - Gera - Glauchau ᵕᵖ; RE 3 Erfurt - Gera - Altenburg ᵕᵖ EB 21 Erfurt - Weimar - Jena-Göschwitz - Gera ᵕᵖ Zug EB 21 EB 21 EB 21 EB 21 RE 3 RE 3 RB 20 EB 21 ICE EB 21 RE 1 RE 1 EB 21 RE 3 RE 3 RE 3 80915 80796 80919 80875 3949 3901 74605 80877 698 80917 3653 3653 80879 3953 3903 3923 f hy Sa,So Mo-Fr Mo-Fr Mo-Fr Mo-Fr Sa Mo-Fr Mo-Fr Ẅ ẅ Ẇ ẇ Ẇ Ẇ Ẇ Ẇ km von Eisenach München Greiz Heilbad Hbf Heiligensta 51 6 ܥ 51 6 20 6 ܥ ẘẖ 5 44 ẘẖ 6 06 22 5 58 4 ܥ ẗẒ 4 37 ẗẔ 4 37 08 3 ܥ Erfurt Hbf ẞẖ ݝ 0 38 0 7 Vieselbach Ꭺ 0 43 ܥ 3 15 ܥᎪܥᎪܥ 5 03 Ꭺ ܥᎪ ܥᎪܥᎪ ᎪܥᎪ 14 Hopfgarten (Weimar) Ꭺ 0 48 ܥ 3 19 ܥᎪܥᎪܥ 5 08 Ꭺ ܥᎪ ܥᎪܥᎪ ᎪܥᎪ 21 Weimar ẞẖ ܙ 0 54 ܥ 3 25 ܥ 4 49 ܥ 4 49 ܥ 5 13 5 35 ܥ 5 55 ẘẖ 6 21 ܥ 6 32 7 04 ܥ 7 04 Weimar 0 55 ܥ 2 05 ܥ 3 25 ܥ 4 22 ܥ 4 51 ܥ 4 51 ܥ 5 17 ܥ 5 41 ܥ 5 57 ẗẔ 6 22 ܥ 6 34 7 06 ܥ 7 06 25 Oberweimar 0 59 ܥᎪܥᎪܥ4 26 ܥᎪܥᎪ ܥ5 21 ܥ 5 45 ܥᎪ ܥ6 26 ܥᎪ ᎪܥᎪ 29 Mellingen (Thür) 1 02 ܥᎪܥ3 31 ܥ 4 29 ܥᎪܥᎪ ܥ5 24 ܥ 5 48 ܥᎪ ܥ6 29 ܥᎪ ᎪܥᎪ 36 Großschwabhausen 1 07 ܥᎪܥ3 36 ܥ 4 34 ܥᎪܥᎪ ܥ5 29 ܥ 5 53 ܥᎪ ܥ6 34 ܥᎪ ᎪܥᎪ 44 Jena West ܙ 1 13 ܥᎪܥ3 42 ܥ 4 40 ܥ 5 04 ܥ 5 04 ܥ 5 35 ܥ 5 59 ܥ 6 10 ܥ 6 40 ܥ 6 48 7 20 ܥ 7 20 Jena West 1 14 ܥᎪܥ3 43 ܥ 4 41 ܥ 5 05 ܥ 5 05 ܥ 5 37 ܥ 6 00 ܥ 6 12 ܥ 6 41 ܥ 6 50 7 22 ܥ 7 22 26 7 ܥ 26 7 54 6 ܥ 46 6 ܥ 16 6 ܥ 05 6 ܥ 41 5 ܥ 09 5 ܥ 09 5 ܥ 46 4 ܥ 48 3 ܥ 51 2 ܥ 19 1 ܙ Jena-Göschwitz -
Etix VVK Stellen
Altenburg Ticketgalerie GmbH Kornmarkt 1 D-04600 Bad Brückenau Mediengruppe Oberfranken Ludwigstraße 12 D-97769 Bad Kissingen Mediengruppe Oberfranken Theresienstr. 21 D-97688 Bad König Reisebüro Reisefenster Bahnhofstraß 12 D-64732 Bad Langensalza KTL Kur und Tourismus Bad Langensalza GmbH Bei der Marktkirche D-99947 Bad Liebenwerda Reisebüro Jaich Rossmarkt 5 D-04924 Bad Liebenwerda Wochenkurier Markt 16 D-04924 Bad Mergentheim Fränkische Nachrichten Verlags GmbH Kapuzinerstraße 4 (am Schloss) D-97980 Bad Salzungen Abokarten Verwaltungs GmbH BT Andreasstr. 11 D-36433 Bamberg bvd Kartenservice Lange Str. 39/41 D-96047 Bamberg Kartenkiosk Bamberg Forchheimer Str. 15 D-96050 Bamberg Mediengruppe Oberfranken Hauptwachstr. 22 D-96047 Bamberg Mediengruppe Oberfranken Gutenbergstr. 1 D-96050 Bamberg Mediengruppe Oberfranken Gutenbergstraße 1 D-96050 Bautzen Intersport Goschwitzstraße 2 D-02625 Bautzen SZ Bautzen Lauengraben 18 D-02625 Bautzen Wochenkurier Hauptmarkt 7 D-02625 Bayreuth Abokarten Verwaltungs GmbH BT - Nordbayerischer Kurier Theodor-Schmidt-Str. 17 D-95448 Bayreuth Theaterkasse Bayreuth Opernstraße 22 D-95444 Berlin Berliner KartenKontor im Forum Steglitz Schloßstr.1 D-12163 Berlin HOLIDAY LAND Reisebüro & Theaterkasse Schnellerstrasse 21 D-12439 Berlin Reisestudio Menzer Treskowallee 86 D-10318 Bitterfeld Reisebüro Bier Brehnaer Straße 34 D-06749 Borna Ticketgalerie GmbH Brauhausstraße 3 D-04552 Bremen Bremer KartenKontor bei Saturn in der Galeria Kaufhof Papenstr. 5 D-28195 Bremen Bremer Kartenkontor Zum Alten Speicher 9 D-28759 -
History and Culture
HISTORY AND CULTURE A HAMBURG PORTUGUESE IN THE SERVICE OF THE HAGANAH: THE TRIAL AGAINST DAVID SEALTIEL IN HAMBURG (1937) Ina Lorenz (Hamburg. Germany) Spotlighted in the story here to be told is David de Benjamin Sealtiel (Shaltiel, 1903–1969), a Sephardi Jew from Hamburg, who from 1934 worked for the Haganah in Palestine as a weapons buyer. He paid for that activity with 862 days in incarceration under extremely difficult conditions of detention in the concentration camps of the SS.1 Jewish Immigration into Palestine and the Founding of the Haganah2 In order to be able to effectively protect the new Jewish settlements in Palestine from Arab attacks, and since possession of weapons was prohibited under the British Mandatory administration, arms and munitions initially were generally being smuggled into Palestine via French- controlled Syria. The leaders of the Haganah and Histadrut transformed the Haganah with the help of the Jewish Agency from a more or less untrained militia into a paramilitary group. The organization, led by Yisrael Galili (1911–1986), which in the rapidly growing Jewish towns had approximately 10,000 members, continued to be subordinate to the civilian leadership of the Histadrut. The Histadrut also was responsible for the ———— 1 Michael Studemund-Halévy has dealt with the fascinating, complex personality of David Sealtiel/Shaltiel in a number of publications in German, Hebrew, French and English: “From Hamburg to Paris”; “Vom Shaliach in den Yishuv”; “Sioniste au par- fum romanesque”; “David Shaltiel.” See also [Shaltiel, David]. “In meines Vaters Haus”; Scholem. “Erinnerungen an David Shaltiel (1903–1968).” The short bio- graphical sketches on David Sealtiel are often based on inadequate, incorrect, wrong or fictitious informations: Avidar-Tschernovitz. -
Thuringia Focus
August 2021 Thuringia Focus. Intercord dedicates new R&D center Mühlhausen has long been a produc- tion hub for technical yarns, espe- cially for the automotive industry. Its footprint is now set to grow: A new development center was officially com- missioned on Intercord’s Mühlhausen premises in mid-June. The company en- larged the research department, too. Intercord will conduct tests at the new development center, while customers and suppliers will have an opportuni- ty to perform material testing of their At the laying of the foundation stone for the new building of Carlisle in Waltershausen. Photo: Carlisle own. Intercord’s Managing Director Ra- mazan Yasbay believes the center will provide a comprehensive overview of On the growth track: US investor Carlisle the products and materials that custo- mers want. The CEO described the sale expands operations in Thuringia of the company last October to US- based Beaver Manufacturing Company (BMC) as a “lucky thing” and called the Plastics specialist Carlisle is growing 25 new jobs and increase the Thuringian family-owned company a good choice. and investing around EUR 50 million in site’s total internal area to 17,000 square Electric mobility, too, is an important a new production facility in Waltershau- meters. The company will also buy new issue for Intercord. New engines will sen, Thuringia. The expansion is proof equipment for producing its special wa- mean new requirements for technical positive that Thuringia’s excellent site terproofing membranes. These products fibers. The company and its 90 em- conditions and all-round service make a are a runaway success since they can be ployees appear well prepared. -
Wartburgmobil – Vorstellung Fahrplanerverbesserungen Zum 01.05.2020
Wartburgmobil – Vorstellung Fahrplanerverbesserungen zum 01.05.2020 Im Rahmen der Verwaltungsratssitzung unseres Unternehmens im Herbst 2019 wurde festgestellt, dass sich z.B. die Verbindung Eisenach – Bad Liebenstein über Glasbach nicht bewährt hat. Zudem war dadurch keine direkte Verbindung Eisenach – Inselsberg mehr möglich. Ebenso kam vermehrt der Wunsch, auch nach 17:00Uhr noch eine Verbindung nach Bad Liebenstein von Eisenach aus anzubieten. Weiterhin kamen Wünsche aus Barchfeld direkt nach Eisenach fahren zu können und aus dem Raum südliches Werratal/Rhön fehlende Umsteigebeziehungen Richtung Bad Liebenstein. Aus Bad Liebenstein und Barchfeld hat sich zudem der Wunsch ergeben Verbindungen in den Landkreis Schmalkalden-Meiningen herzustellen. Alle diese Wünsche, Anregungen und Bitten haben wir in den letzten Monaten gesammelt und ausgewertet. Zusätzlich wurden Gespräche mit Touristikern und Bürgermeistern geführt. Daraus ist nun folgendes Konzept entstanden, das wir zum 1.5.2020 umsetzen: 1) Ordnung der Liniennummern Nördlich des Rennsteigs: es bleibt bei 14x-Liniennummern o 140 Eisenach – Ruhla – Bad Liebenstein o 142 Eisenach – Bad Tabarz o 143 Eisenach – Mosbach o 144 Kittelsthal – Ruhla Südlich des Rennsteigs: die Liniennummer ändern sich auf 19x o 190 Eisenach – Hohe Sonne – Moorgrund – Bad Liebenstein – Barchfeld – Bad Salzungen neue Linie o 191 Bad Salzungen – Möhra Liniennummer unverändert o 192 Bad Liebenstein – Möhra Umbenennung: alt 141 o 195 Eisenach – Hohe Sonne – Moorgrund – Bad Liebenstein Umbenennung: alt 145 o 196 -
Demshuk CV2020-Extended
ANDREW THOMAS DEMSHUK, Ph.D. Associate Professor of History Battelle-Tompkins Hall, 119 American University 4400 Massachusetts Ave NW [email protected] Washington, DC 20016 Peer-Reviewed Monographs: Three Cities after Hitler: Redemptive Reconstruction across Cold War Borders (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, forthcoming 2022). Bowling for Communism: Urban Ingenuity at the End of East Germany (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, forthcoming October 2020). Demolition on Karl Marx Square: Cultural Barbarism and the People’s State in 1968 (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2017). The Lost German East: Forced Migration and the Politics of Memory, 1945-1970 (Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press, 2012). Paperback Edition, 2014. Co-Editor and Contributor: “The Voice of the Lost German East: Heimat Bells as Soundscapes of Memory,” in Cultural Landscapes: Transatlantische Perspektiven auf Wirkungen und Auswirkungen deutscher Kultur und Geschichte im östlichen Europa, ed. Andrew Demshuk and Tobias Weger (Munich: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2015). Current Book-Length Projects: “Alien Homeland: Human Encounters after Forced Migration on a German-Polish Borderland, 1970-1990” Peer-Reviewed Articles: “The People’s Bowling Palace: Building Underground in Late Communist Leipzig,” Contemporary European History 29, no. 3 (August 2020): 339-355. “A Polish Approach for German Cities? Cement Old Towns and the Search for Rootedness in Postwar Leipzig and Frankfurt/Main,” European History Quarterly 50, no. 1 (Jan. 2020): 88-127. “Rebuilding after the Reich: Sacred Sites in Frankfurt, Leipzig, and Wrocław, 1945-1949,” in War and the City: The Urban Context of Conflict and Mass Destruction, ed. Tim Keogh (Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh, 2019): 167-193. -
Bf Lübeck Hafen (Otm) Bf Lübeck Hafen (Lha) Bf Lübeck Hafen Bezirk Vorwerk W Nutzlänge Nutzlänge Nutzlänge Nutzlänge Nutzlänge Gleis-Nr
Nutzbare Gleislängen - Lha - Nutzbare Gleislängen - Lha - Nutzbare Gleislängen N Bezirksbahnhof Vorwerk Bf Lübeck Hafen (Otm) Bf Lübeck Hafen (Lha) Bf Lübeck Hafen Bezirk Vorwerk W Nutzlänge Nutzlänge Nutzlänge Nutzlänge Nutzlänge Gleis-Nr. Gleis-Nr. Gleis-Nr. Gleis-Nr. Gleis-Nr. in m in m in m in m in m Bei der Lohmhle 10 167 16 531 72 120 79 120 85 126 Lha 11 100 17 208 73 244 80 55 86 126 Schwartauer Allee O 12 198 18 91 74 251 81 406 87 264 Schwartauer Landstraße 13 254 19 120 75 221 82 582 88 265 S 14 363 20 300 o 89 194 o/oo ±0,000 /oo Fackenburger Allee 76 272 83 511 -4,594 28,27m 15 438 155,63m Strecke Nr.: 1100 77 347 84 443 90 200 Josephinenstraße Zuführungsgleise / Streckengleise Friedenstraße o/oo +1,667 o o o +2,135 Gleiskategorie 1 /oo ±0,000 o/oo /oo /oo Schwartauer Allee Schwartauer Allee +9,930 o 240,00m o/oo +9,647 -7,678 26,23m /oo -1,667 -7,914 63,23m 135,45m o/oo -9,930 o 144,01m o/oo +1,441 ±0,000 o/oo -3,493 o/oo -3,603 /oo 36,94m o o/oo o +3,603 240,00m Getreide- -1,441 o /oo ±0,000 o +2,304 /oo o/oo 144,01m Fa. Lübeck Distribution GmbH /oo /oo 37,97m 249,82m Karlstraße 499,51m 80,15m -2,304 249,82m +5,794 +9,910 o o/oo o/oo Gleiskategorie 2 499,51m 212,64m o/oo /oo o +2,216 +7,678 Oderstraße Lagerhalle o -6,257 o -9,910 -1,667 o ±0,000 /oo o/oo 212,64m /oo 65,59m o/oo /oo o/oo 144,30m /oo -9,647 (LDG) +3,570 -3,570 240,00m 54,14m 135,45m III o/oo 27,17m 144,30m 63,23m -2,720 252,08m 252,08m +3,493 o 3 Bremsprellböcke Gleiskategorie 3 78,30m Warthestraße /oo -5,794 Grenze LPA NL=52m Grenze LPA 80,15m o/oo 3 Tor 65,59m Anschluss Arnold NL=57m Fackenburger Allee 2 107 Ssp NL=77m Bremsprellbock Marienstraße 1 106 104 Grenze LPA Vermietgleise / Lokalabstellplätze 9 290 Matthäistraße Posener Straße 18 Posener Straße 8 Katharinenstraße 284 103 Anschluss Fa. -
CS 4700: Foundations of Artificial Intelligence
CS 4700: Foundations of Artificial Intelligence Bart Selman [email protected] Module: Informed Search Readings R&N - Chapter 3: 3.5 and 3.6 Search Search strategies determined by choice of node (in queue) to expand Uninformed search: – Distance to goal not taken into account Informed search : – Information about cost to goal taken into account Aside: “Cleverness” about what option to explore next, almost seems a hallmark of intelligence. E.g., a sense of what might be a good move in chess or what step to try next in a mathematical proof. We don’t do blind search… Basic idea: State evaluation Start state function can effectively guide search. Also in multi-agent settings. (Chess: board eval.) Reinforcement learning: Learn the state eval function. Goal A breadth-first search tree. Perfect “heuristics,” eliminates search. Approximate heuristics, significantly reduces search. Best (provably) use of search heuristic info: Best-first / A* search. Outline • Best-first search • Greedy best-first search • A* search • Heuristics How to take information into account? Best-first search. Idea : use an evaluation function for each node – Estimate of “desirability” of node – Expand most desirable unexpanded node first (“best-first search”) – Heuristic Functions : • f: States à Numbers • f(n): expresses the quality of the state n – Allows us to express problem-specific knowledge, – Can be imported in a generic way in the algorithms. – Use uniform-cost search. See Figure 3.14 but use f(n) instead of path cost g(n). – Queuing based on f(n): Order the nodes in fringe in decreasing order of desirability Special cases: • greedy best-first search • A* search Romanian path finding problem Base eg on GPS info. -
Quantum Dot Structures in the Ingaas System Investigated by TEM Techniques
Cryst. Res. Technol. 35 2000 6–7 759–768 P. WERNER, K. SCHEERSCHMIDT , N. D. ZAKHAROV, R. HILLEBRAND, M. GRUNDMANN*, R. SCHNEIDER** Max-Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle / Saale, Germany *Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany **Humboldt University of Berlin, Germany Quantum Dot Structures in the InGaAs System Investigated by TEM Techniques Dedicated to Prof. Dr. J. Heydenreich on the occasion of his 70th birthday Quantum dot structures have gained increasing interest in materials science due to their special electrical and optical behavior. A combination of electron-optical techniques is applied to correlate such properties with the morphology and structure of quantum dots in the InGaAs system. TEM techniques, e.g. imaging by conventional diffraction contrast, by high-resolution TEM and by energy filtering (EFTEM) are focused on the determination of parameters, like shape and size of islands, their chemical composition and the complex lattice strain fields. An image contrast analysis in terms of shape and strain demands the application of image simulation techniques based on the dynamical theory and on structure models refined by molecular dynamics or molecular static energy minimization. Keywords: : quantum dots, InGaAs, Transmission Electron Microscopy, crystal structure (Received May 4, 2000; Accepted July 1, 2000) 1. Introduction The investigation of semiconducting nanostructures is especially focused on the properties of so-called quantum dots (QD), which are embedded in a different semiconducting bulk or in other materials. The possibility of arranging such particles or ”dots” into complex arrays implies many opportunities for scientific investigations and technological applications. Over the last 10 years, various ways have been applied successfully to create semiconductor particles of several 10 nm in size, evidencing special properties to be different from the bulk behavior (for an overview see, e.g., MRS Bulletin). -
NORTH RHINE WESTPHALIA 10 REASONS YOU SHOULD VISIT in 2019 the Mini Guide
NORTH RHINE WESTPHALIA 10 REASONS YOU SHOULD VISIT IN 2019 The mini guide In association with Commercial Editor Olivia Lee Editor-in-Chief Lyn Hughes Art Director Graham Berridge Writer Marcel Krueger Managing Editor Tom Hawker Managing Director Tilly McAuliffe Publishing Director John Innes ([email protected]) Publisher Catriona Bolger ([email protected]) Commercial Manager Adam Lloyds ([email protected]) Copyright Wanderlust Publications Ltd 2019 Cover KölnKongress GmbH 2 www.nrw-tourism.com/highlights2019 NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA Welcome On hearing the name North Rhine- Westphalia, your first thought might be North Rhine Where and What? This colourful region of western Germany, bordering the Netherlands and Belgium, is perhaps better known by its iconic cities; Cologne, Düsseldorf, Bonn. But North Rhine-Westphalia has far more to offer than a smattering of famous names, including over 900 museums, thousands of kilometres of cycleways and a calendar of exciting events lined up for the coming year. ONLINE Over the next few pages INFO we offer just a handful of the Head to many reasons you should visit nrw-tourism.com in 2019. And with direct flights for more information across the UK taking less than 90 minutes, it’s the perfect destination to slip away to on a Friday and still be back in time for your Monday commute. Published by Olivia Lee Editor www.nrw-tourism.com/highlights2019 3 NORTH RHINE-WESTPHALIA DID YOU KNOW? Despite being landlocked, North Rhine-Westphalia has over 1,500km of rivers, 360km of canals and more than 200 lakes. ‘Father Rhine’ weaves 226km through the state, from Bad Honnef in the south to Kleve in the north. -
Energy and Environmental Technologies. Environmental Protection, Resource Efficiency, Green Tech – Key Technologies Made in Thuringia
09/2015 Energy and Environmental Technologies. Environmental protection, resource efficiency, green tech – key technologies made in Thuringia. Thuringian companies are among the world‘s leading providers of state-of-the-art power and environmental technologies: from conventional environmental protection and renewable energies to up-to-date technologies allowing an increase in energy efficiency. Quality made in Thuringia is in big demand, especially in waste Thuringia‘s energy and environmental technology processing, water and wastewater treatment, air pollution con- industry at a glance: trol, revitalization and renewable energies. By working closely > 366 companies with research institutions in these fields, Thuringia‘s companies > 5 research institutes can fully exploit their potential for growth. > 7 universities > leading engineering service providers in disciplines Proportion of companies such as industrial plant construction, hydrogeology, environmental geology and utilities (Source: In-house calculations according to LEG Industry/Technology Information Service, > market and technology leaders such as ENERCON, July 2013, N = 366 companies, multiple choices possible) Siemens and Vattenfall Seize the opportunities that our region offers. Benefit from a prime location in Europe’s heartland, highly skilled workers and a world-class research infrastructure. We provide full-service support for any investment project – from site search to project implementation and future expansions. Please contact us. www.invest-in-thuringia.de/en/top-industries/ environmental-technologies/ Skilled specialists – the keystone of success. Thuringia invests in the training and professional development of skilled workers so that your company can develop green, energy-efficient solutions for tomorrow. This maintains the competitiveness of Thuringian companies in these times of global climate change.