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Covered in Phylloboletellus and Numerous Clamps in Boletellus Fibuliger
PERSOONIA Published by the Rijksherbarium, Leiden Volume 11, Part 3, pp. 269-302 (1981) Notes on bolete taxonomy—III Rolf Singer Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, U.S.A. have Contributions involving bolete taxonomy during the last ten years not only widened the knowledge and increased the number of species in the boletes and related lamellate and gastroid forms, but have also introduced a large number of of new data on characters useful for the generic and subgeneric taxonomy these is therefore timely to fungi,resulting, in part, in new taxonomical arrangements. It consider these new data with a view to integratingthem into an amended classifi- cation which, ifit pretends to be natural must take into account all observations of possible diagnostic value. It must also take into account all sufficiently described species from all phytogeographic regions. 1. Clamp connections Like any other character (including the spore print color), the presence or absence ofclamp connections in is neither in of the carpophores here nor other groups Basidiomycetes necessarily a generic or family character. This situation became very clear when occasional clamps were discovered in Phylloboletellus and numerous clamps in Boletellus fibuliger. Kiihner (1978-1980) rightly postulates that cytology and sexuality should be considered wherever at all possible. This, as he is well aware, is not feasible in most boletes, and we must be content to judgeclamp-occurrence per se, giving it importance wherever associated with other characters and within a well circumscribed and obviously homogeneous group such as Phlebopus, Paragyrodon, and Gyrodon. (Heinemann (1954) and Pegler & Young this is (1981) treat group on the family level.) Gyroporus, also clamp-bearing, considered close, but somewhat more removed than the other genera. -
Field Guide to Common Macrofungi in Eastern Forests and Their Ecosystem Functions
United States Department of Field Guide to Agriculture Common Macrofungi Forest Service in Eastern Forests Northern Research Station and Their Ecosystem General Technical Report NRS-79 Functions Michael E. Ostry Neil A. Anderson Joseph G. O’Brien Cover Photos Front: Morel, Morchella esculenta. Photo by Neil A. Anderson, University of Minnesota. Back: Bear’s Head Tooth, Hericium coralloides. Photo by Michael E. Ostry, U.S. Forest Service. The Authors MICHAEL E. OSTRY, research plant pathologist, U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station, St. Paul, MN NEIL A. ANDERSON, professor emeritus, University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, St. Paul, MN JOSEPH G. O’BRIEN, plant pathologist, U.S. Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, St. Paul, MN Manuscript received for publication 23 April 2010 Published by: For additional copies: U.S. FOREST SERVICE U.S. Forest Service 11 CAMPUS BLVD SUITE 200 Publications Distribution NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 19073 359 Main Road Delaware, OH 43015-8640 April 2011 Fax: (740)368-0152 Visit our homepage at: http://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/ CONTENTS Introduction: About this Guide 1 Mushroom Basics 2 Aspen-Birch Ecosystem Mycorrhizal On the ground associated with tree roots Fly Agaric Amanita muscaria 8 Destroying Angel Amanita virosa, A. verna, A. bisporigera 9 The Omnipresent Laccaria Laccaria bicolor 10 Aspen Bolete Leccinum aurantiacum, L. insigne 11 Birch Bolete Leccinum scabrum 12 Saprophytic Litter and Wood Decay On wood Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus populinus (P. ostreatus) 13 Artist’s Conk Ganoderma applanatum -
Russula Pyriodora, a New Fragrant Species Described from Finland
Karstenia 51: 23–30, 2011 Russula pyriodora, a new fragrant species described from Finland. JUHANI RUOTSALAINEN and SEPPO HUHTINEN RUOTSALAINEN, J. & HUHTINEN, S. 2011: Russula pyriodora, a new fragrant spe cies described from Finland. – Karstenia 51: 23–30. Helsinki. ISSN 04533402. A new species, Russula pyriodora, is described based on Finnish material. It is char acterized by an appearance of R. betularum, but has a distinctive odour of pears. Other differentiating features, both macroscopical and microscopical, are also discussed. The new species is also compared with the type of R. alborosea, which is a likely synonym of R. mairei. Key words: Russulaceae, Russula, Atropurpurea, Russula pyriodora, Finland, taxonomy Juhani Ruotsalainen, Metsätie 12 A 4, FI–71310 Vehmersalmi, Finland; e-mail: juhani. [email protected] Seppo Huhtinen, Herbarium, University of Turku, FI–20014 Turku, Finland; e-mail: [email protected] Introduction typification by Kärcher (1996) is based on two fruitbodies which are not conspecific. Selection New taxa of the genus Russula Pers. are en of a type without actually carefully studying ma countered in Finland every year. In most cases terial is never advisable. For example, descrip these new finds consist of only a few fruitbodies. tions like those by Romagnesi based on “clear” Furthermore, it is often very laborious to find a type specimens, are of questionable value when second collection, even from the existing, plen it is realized that those “clear” type collections tiful collections. Consequently, during the past are mixtures of more than one taxon, e.g. R. decades the senior author has refrained from amoenoides Romagn. -
Three Species of Russula New to Taiwan
Fung. Sci. 20(1, 2): 47–52, 2005 Three species of Russula new to Taiwan Edelgard Fu-Tschin Tschen1 and Johannes Scheng-Ming Tschen2 1. National Museum of Natural Science, Kuan-Chien Rd. Taichung 404, Taiwan. [email protected] 2. Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 402, Tai- wan, R.O.C. (Accepted: June 22, 2005) ABSTRACT Three species of Russula new to Taiwan are described and illustrated. They are: Russua betularum, R. sub- foetens, and R. violeipes. Key words: Russula, Russulaceae, Taiwan. Introduction served in a medium of 3% KOH. Spores size and shape are from optical sections in side view The genus Russula, a very large group of the in Melzer’s regent and exclude the ornamenta- family Russulaceae, is one of the most common tion. and abundant ectomycorrhizal macrofungi in mountain forests of Taiwan. Thirty-six Russula Description species were reported in the past from Taiwan. In this study three species of Russula new to Russula violeipes Quél. Assoc. Fr. Avancem. Taiwan are described and illustrated. All Sci. 26(2): 450, 1898. (Fig. 1) specimens are deposit at TNM (Herbarium of ≡ Russula punctata f. violeipes (Quél.) Maire, Bull. Soc. National Museum of Natural Science, Taiwan). mycol. Fr. 26: 118, 1910. ≡ Russula amoena var. violeipes (Quél.) Melzer & Zvára, Materials and Methods Arch. pr. výzk. Cech. 17(4): 74, 1927. Pileus 3–8 cm broad at maturity, convex when Specimens were collected in the period of young, expanding to plano-convex to plane, March to August in 2000 and 2001. Macromor- usually with a broad depression on the disc phological characters were recorded from fresh with age; surface dry, viscid when wet, smooth, condition of the specimens. -
Russulas of Southern Vancouver Island Coastal Forests
Russulas of Southern Vancouver Island Coastal Forests Volume 1 by Christine Roberts B.Sc. University of Lancaster, 1991 M.S. Oregon State University, 1994 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in the Department of Biology © Christine Roberts 2007 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This dissertation may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopying or other means, without the permission of the author. Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-47323-8 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-47323-8 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. -
Species Checklist
Species Checklist Interim Report on Multi-year Inventory of Macrofungi in Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site (2007) Dec-08 Genus species Authority Acremonium sp. Agaricus campestris Fr. Albatrellus avellaneus Pouzar Albatrellus flettii Morse ex Pouzar Alboleptonia subsericella (Murr.) Largent & Benedict Alnicola sphagneti (P.D.Orton) Romagn. Amanita ceciliae (Berk. & Broome) Bas Amanita constricta Thiers & Ammirati Amanita constricta ? Thiers & Ammirati Amanita francheti (Boud.) Fayod Amanita fulva ? (Schaeff.) Pers. Amanita gemmata (Fr.) Bertillon Amanita muscaria (L.) Hook. Amanita pachycolea ? D.E.Stuntz Amanita porphyria (A. & S.ex Fr.) Secr. Amanita sp.cf. alba Arrhenia acerosa (Fr.: Fr.) Kuehner Ascocoryne sp. anamorph Baeospora myosura (Fr.) Singer Beauvaria bassiana ? (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. Bisporella citrina (Batsch ex Fr.) Korf & Carpenter Boletus edulis Bull.ex Fr. Boletus mirabilis (Murr.) Murr. Boletus piperatus Fr. Boletus sp. Cantharellopsis? prescottii ? Cantharellus cibarius var. roseocanus Redhead, Norvell & Danell Cantharellus formosus Corner Catathelasma ventricosum (Peck) Singer Chlorociboria aeruginascens (Nyl.) Kanouse ex Ramamurthi, Korf & Batra Chroogomphus rutilus (Schaeff.ex Fr.) O.K.Miller Chroogomphus tomentosus (Murrill) O.K.Miller Chroogomphus vinicolor (Peck) O.K.Miller Chrysomphalina aurantiaca (Peck) Redhead Chrysomphalina chrysophylla (Fr.) Clemencon Clavariadelphus sp. Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tulasne Clavulina castaneopes var. lignicola Petersen Clavulina cinerea (Fr.) Schroet. Clavulina cristata (Fr.) Schroet. Clavulina rugosa (Fr.) Schroet. Clavulinopsis sp. Clavulinopsis umbrinella ? (Sacc.) Corner Page 1 of 10 Clitocybe clavipes (Pers.ex Fr.) Kummer Clitocybe dilatata Pers.ex Karst. Clitocybe sp. Clitopilus prunulus (Scop.) Kummer Collybia acervata (Fr.) Kummer Collybia confluens (Fr.) Kuehner Collybia sp. Coltricia cinnamomea (Pers.) Murrill Conocybe tenera cf. (Schff.ex Fr.) Kuehn. Cortinarius acutus Fr. Cortinarius allutus Fr. -
Forest Fungi in Ireland
FOREST FUNGI IN IRELAND PAUL DOWDING and LOUIS SMITH COFORD, National Council for Forest Research and Development Arena House Arena Road Sandyford Dublin 18 Ireland Tel: + 353 1 2130725 Fax: + 353 1 2130611 © COFORD 2008 First published in 2008 by COFORD, National Council for Forest Research and Development, Dublin, Ireland. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, or stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying recording or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from COFORD. All photographs and illustrations are the copyright of the authors unless otherwise indicated. ISBN 1 902696 62 X Title: Forest fungi in Ireland. Authors: Paul Dowding and Louis Smith Citation: Dowding, P. and Smith, L. 2008. Forest fungi in Ireland. COFORD, Dublin. The views and opinions expressed in this publication belong to the authors alone and do not necessarily reflect those of COFORD. i CONTENTS Foreword..................................................................................................................v Réamhfhocal...........................................................................................................vi Preface ....................................................................................................................vii Réamhrá................................................................................................................viii Acknowledgements...............................................................................................ix -
Adaptability to Submerged Culture and Amtno Acid Contents of Certain Fleshy Fungi Common in Finland
Adaptability to submerged culture and amtno acid contents of certain fleshy fungi common in Finland Mar j a L i is a H a t t u l a and H . G. G y ll e n b e r g Department of Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Finland The literature on the possibilities of sub must be considered when the suitability of merged culture of macrofungi is already fungi for submerged production is evaluated. voluminous. However, the interest has merely The present work concerns a collection of been restricted to the traditionally most va fungi common in Finland which have been lued fungi, particularly members of the gene investigated according to the criteria descri ra Agaricus and M orchella (HuMFELD, 1948, bed above. 1952, HuMFELD & SuGIHARA, 1949, 1952, Su GIHARA & HuMFELD, 1954, SzuEcs 1956, LITCHFIELD, 1964, 1967 a, b, LITCHFIELD & al., MATERIAL 1963) . The information obtainable from stu dies on these organisms is not especially en The material consisted of 33 species of fun couraging because the rate of biomass pro gi, 29 of which were obtained from the duction seems to be too low to compete fa Department of Silviculture, University of ,·ourably with other alternatives of single cell Helsinki, through the courtesy of Professor P. protein production (LITCHFIELD, 1967 a, b). Mikola and Mr. 0 . Laiho. Four species were On the other hand, the traditional use of fun isolated by the present authors by taking a gi as human food all over the world is a sterile piece of the fruiting body at the point significant reason for continued research on where the cap and the stem are joined and the submerged production o.f fungal mycel by transferring it on a slant of suitable agar. -
Comparative Mitogenome Analysis of Two Ectomycorrhizal Fungi (Paxillus
Li et al. IMA Fungus (2020) 11:12 https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-020-00038-8 IMA Fungus RESEARCH Open Access Comparative mitogenome analysis of two ectomycorrhizal fungi (Paxillus) reveals gene rearrangement, intron dynamics, and phylogeny of basidiomycetes Qiang Li1, Yuanhang Ren1, Dabing Xiang1, Xiaodong Shi1, Jianglin Zhao1, Lianxin Peng1,2* and Gang Zhao1* Abstract In this study, the mitogenomes of two Paxillus species were assembled, annotated and compared. The two mitogenomes of Paxillus involutus and P. rubicundulus comprised circular DNA molecules, with the size of 39,109 bp and 41,061 bp, respectively. Evolutionary analysis revealed that the nad4L gene had undergone strong positive selection in the two Paxillus species. In addition, 10.64 and 36.50% of the repetitive sequences were detected in the mitogenomes of P. involutus and P. rubicundulus, respectively, which might transfer between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Large-scale gene rearrangements and frequent intron gain/loss events were detected in 61 basidiomycete species, which revealed large variations in mitochondrial organization and size in Basidiomycota.In addition, the insertion sites of the basidiomycete introns were found to have a base preference. Phylogenetic analysis of the combined mitochondrial gene set gave identical and well-supported tree topologies, indicating that mitochondrial genes were reliable molecular markers for analyzing the phylogenetic relationships of Basidiomycota. This study is the first report on the mitogenomes of Paxillus, which will promote a better understanding of their contrasted ecological strategies, molecular evolution and phylogeny of these important ectomycorrhizal fungi and related basidiomycete species. Keywords: Basidiomycota, Boletales, Ectomycorrhizas, Gene rearrangement, Mitochondrial genome, Repeat INTRODUCTION coniferous and hardwood trees (Hedh et al. -
Diversity of Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in Minnesota's Ancient and Younger Stands of Red Pine and Northern Hardwood-Conifer Forests
DIVERSITY OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN MINNESOTA'S ANCIENT AND YOUNGER STANDS OF RED PINE AND NORTHERN HARDWOOD-CONIFER FORESTS A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA BY PATRICK ROBERT LEACOCK IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DAVID J. MCLAUGHLIN, ADVISER OCTOBER 1997 DIVERSITY OF ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI IN MINNESOTA'S ANCIENT AND YOUNGER STANDS OF RED PINE AND NORTHERN HARDWOOD-CONIFER FORESTS COPYRIGHT Patrick Robert Leacock 1997 Saint Paul, Minnesota ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am indebted to Dr. David J. McLaughlin for being an admirable adviser, teacher, and editor. I thank Dave for his guidance and insight on this research and for assistance with identifications. I am grateful for the friendship and support of many graduate students, especially Beth Frieders, Becky Knowles, and Bev Weddle, who assisted with research. I thank undergraduate student assistants Dustine Robin and Tom Shay and school teacher participants Dan Bale, Geri Nelson, and Judith Olson. I also thank the faculty and staff of the Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, for their assistance and support. I extend my most sincere thanks and gratitude to Judy Kenney and Adele Mehta for their dedication in the field during four years of mushroom counting and tree measuring. I thank Anna Gerenday for her support and help with identifications. I thank Joe Ammirati, Tim Baroni, Greg Mueller, and Clark Ovrebo, for their kind aid with identifications. I am indebted to Rich Baker and Kurt Rusterholz of the Natural Heritage Program, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, for providing the opportunity for this research. -
Familie Hygrophoropsidaceae
Hygrophoropsidaceae 01-09-2020 Jean Werts & Joke De Sutter Hygrophoropsidaceae • Alfabetische index • Hygrophoropsidaceae foto’s & hyperlinken • Hygrophoropsidaceae geslachten alfabetisch • Bibliografie Hygrophoropsidaceae geslachten alfabetisch • Hygrophoropsis • Leucogyrophana Geslacht Hygrophoropsis • Sporenpoeder wit. Bodembewonende saprofyten. Vruchtlichaam met viltige hoed, gevorkte en +- witte of oranje plaatjes. Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca Valse hanenkam Hygrophoropsis fuscosquamula Fijnschubbige schijncantharel Hygrophoropsis macrospora Grootsporige schijncantharel Hygrophoropsis morganii Geurende schijncantharel Hygrophorposis aurantiaca (Wulfen/Fr.) Maire Valse hanenkam bij Dennen op arme zure bodem Lode Rubberecht Blommerschot 2018/11. Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (Wulfen/Fr.) Maire Valse hanenkam • Hoed: gewelfd tot ondiep trechtervormig, Ø 2-8 cm, fijn donzig, mat, oranjegeel, met een blekere, ingerolde rand. • Steel: 3 - 5 cm x 5 - 10 mm, vaak gebogen, oranjegeel. • Vlees: taai, gelig tot oranje. Smaak zwamachtig. Geur zwamachtig. • Lamellen: gevorkt, aflopend, oranje. • Sporenfiguur: bleekgeel. • Ecologie: bij Dennen op arme zure bodem. Augustus – december. • Bron: Fungi of Switserland volume 3. Deze soort kan men verwarren met Cantharellus cibarius, ervan eten kan darmstoornissen veroorzaken. Deze soort is zeer variabel van kleur. Hygrophoropsis aurantiaca (Wulfen/Fr.) Maire Valse hanenkam Hygrophoropsis fuscosquamula P.D.Orton Fijnschubbige schijncantharel Ieko Staal waarneming.nl Hygrophoropsis fuscosquamula P.D.Orton Fijnschubbige -
Provisional Checklist of Manx Fungi: Common Name Index 2014
Provisional Checklist of Manx Fungi: Common Name Index 2014 Common Name Year GridSQ Scientific Name Family Phylum Alder Bracket 2012 SC37, SC38 Inonotus radiatus Hymenochaetaceae Basidiomycota Amethyst Deceiver 2012 SC27, SC28, SC37, SC38, SC47 Laccaria amethystina Hydnangiaceae Basidiomycota Anemone Cup 1994 SC28, SC38 Dumontinia tuberosa Sclerotiniaceae Ascomycota Anemone Smut 1994 SC27 Urocystis anemones Urocystidaceae Basidiomycota Angel's Bonnet 1982 NX30 Mycena arcangeliana Mycenaceae Basidiomycota Aniseed Cockleshell 1996 SC38, SC48 Lentinellus cochleatus Auriscalpiaceae Basidiomycota Apricot Club 1981 NX40, SC37 Clavulinopsis luteoalba Clavariaceae Basidiomycota Aromatic Knight 1969 SC48 Tricholoma lascivum Tricholomataceae Basidiomycota Aromatic Pinkgill 1982 NX40 Entoloma pleopodium Entolomataceae Basidiomycota Artist's Bracket 2012 SC26, SC27, SC28, SC37, SC39, SC39, Ganoderma applanatum Ganodermataceae Basidiomycota SC48, SC49 Ashen Chanterelle 1985 SC28, SC38, SC39 Cantharellus cinereus Cantharellaceae Basidiomycota Ashen Knight 1997 SC28, SC38, SC39, SC48 Tricholoma virgatum Tricholomataceae Basidiomycota Banded Mottlegill 1982 NX30, NX40 Panaeolus cinctulus Agaricales Basidiomycota Bare-Toothed Russula 2012 SC28, SC38, SC39, SC47, SC48, SC49 Russula vesca Russulaceae Basidiomycota Bark Bonnet 1982 SC28 Mycena speirea Mycenaceae Basidiomycota Bay Bolete 2012 SC27, SC28, SC37, SC38, SC39, SC47, Boletus badius non sensu Persoon (1801) Boletaceae Basidiomycota SC48, SC49 Bay Cup 2012 SC27, SC37, SC38, SC48 Peziza badia Pezizaceae