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Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka DDD (1844-1908) (1804-1857) Sadko Ruslan and Lyudmila Russian Opera Arias 8.554844 1 Introduction 2:24 9 Bayan’s song 4:22 2 Sadko’s Melismatic Song 3:47 There is a deserted land Ah, you dark oak grove! A Life for the Tsar Sadko • Prince Igor • Rusalka • A Life for the Tsar 0 Krakowiak 7:02 Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky ! Sobinin’s aria 6:03 Vladimir Grishko, Tenor (1840-1893) Brothers. Into the snow storm! The Slippers 3 Danse des cosaques 3:20 Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov 4 Vakula’s aria 2:51 (1844-1908) Does your heart not hear my terrible grief? The Tsar’s Bride @ Lïkov’s Arioso (Act I) 2:54 Sergey Rachmaninov It is all different (1873-1943) # Lïkov’s Arioso (Act III) 2:47 Aleko The thundercloud has scurried past 5 Men’s dance 4:31 6 The young gypsy’s romance 1:25 Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky See, beneath yon firmament (1840-1893) The Maid of Orleans Alexander Sergeyevich Dargomïzhsky $ Entr’acte (Act II) 3:16 (1813-1869) Iolanta Rusalka % Vaudémont’s Romance 3:41 7 Prince’s cavatina (Act III) 5:44 No! The charm of a feisty beauty’s embraces Involuntarily I am drawn 8 Gypsy dance 2:58 Alexander Porfir’yevich Borodin (1833-1887) Prince Igor ^ Polovtsian March 5:04 & Vladimir’s Aria 5:34 Slowly the day was fading

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Vladimir Grishko Zhdyosh’ li? wafting dreams of love, Russian Opera Arias, Vol. 2 Chuyu serdtsem, shto zhdyosh’ tï menya. and pouring voluptuousness into the blood, Akh! Gdye tï, gdye? was made for lovers’ trysts. The nineteenth century saw the flowering of Russian moon. One after another village worthies call at Otzovis’ na zov lyubvi! Are you waiting for me, my darling? nationalism in the arts, above all in opera, where Solokha’s house in the dark, to be hidden in sacks, Akh, skoro-l’, skoro-li ya uvizhu tebya! Are you waiting? composers could explore essentially Russian subject which Vakula takes outside, when he returns home. Tï pridi skorey, skorey, My heart senses that you are waiting for me. matter together with music that had its roots in national His beloved Oxana teases him, demanding the na zov lyubvi otzovis’. Ah, where are you, where? Respond to my call tradition. Among the group of five contemporary Tsaritsa’s shoes, if she is to marry him. Vakula Vspomni: ya v toskye, grud’ gorit, of love! nationalist composers, described by their mentor, the contemplates suicide, ready to drown himself. 4 He ya zhdu, strastno zhdu ya tebya, lyubvi tvoyey! Ah, will it be soon, will it be soon that I shall polymath Vladimir Stasov as the Mighty Handful, laments his fate, as he carries the last sack, from which Bol’she zhizni ya lyublyu tebya! see you! Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov eventually the Devil suddenly emerges, and is forced by Vakula to Shto zh tï myedlish’, drug moy? Come soon, assumed a leading position, using his gradually help him in his quest. 3 In the palace a group of Vstan’, pridi ko mnye. Respond to my call of love! acquired technical knowledge both in his own music cossacks, seeking an audience, dance to entertain the Nye boysya, vse davno zasnuli, Remember: I am languishing, my breast is and in the revision of works by his colleagues company, and Vakula, granted his strange request, is krugom vsyo krepko spit, aflame, Mussorgsky and Borodin, after their relatively early transported home by the Devil, now to marry Oxana. vsyo mirno, tikho spit. I am waiting, waiting passionately deaths. Aleko, with a libretto derived from Pushkin, was a Akh! Gdye tï, gdye? for you and for your love! Rimsky-Korsakov’s sixth opera, Sadko, was set graduation text for Arensky’s composition pupils at Otzovis’ na zov lyubvi! I love you more than my life! completed in 1896 and first staged in Moscow two the Moscow Conservatory in 1892. Rachmaninov’s Akh, dozhdus’ li, dozhdus’ ya What detains you, my love? years later. The libretto by the composer was derived setting won him a gold medal and the highest laski nezhnoy tvoyey! Get up, come to me! from traditional heroic ballads and is set first in distinction, publication, and, in 1893, performance at Tï pridi, skorey, Do not be afraid, everyone fell asleep long ago, Novgorod. Sadko, a psaltery player and singer, offends the Bolshoy Theatre. Aleko has taken refuge from na zov lyubvi otzovis’! all around everyone is deep in slumber, the gathering of Novgorod merchants. Leaving them society to make his home with the gypsies, living with Pridi pod krovom tyomnoy nochi everyone is sleeping peacefully and calmly... he wanders by the shore of Lake Ilmen, where the the gypsy girl Zemfira, mother of his child. Her old kogda i lyes i vodï spyat, Ah, where are you, where? Respond to my call swans he sees on the lake are transformed into the father tells the sad story of the loss of his own wife, kogda lish’ zvyozdï, neba ochi, of love! daughters of the Sea King. He is rewarded by the Sea who ran away with another man. 5 The gypsies dance, odni na nas s toboy glyadyat. I cannot wait, I cannot wait for your tender King’s daughter, Princess Volkhova, who tells him he in an attempt to restore their spirits. While everyone is Krugom vsyo mirno, tikho spit, caress! will catch three golden fish, the source of his future asleep, Zemfira arranges to meet a young gypsy, with krepko spit. Come soon, success, after various adventures. These include a visit whom she is in love. She reveals her feelings to Aleko, Pridi! respond to my call of love! to the realm of the Sea King and marriage to Princess who meditates revenge. 6 The young gypsy is heard Come under cover of dark night Volkhova, before she is finally transformed into a river singing of his love, now consummated with Zemfira, when even the forest and the waters sleep, and Sadko, now a rich man, can return to his wife. 1 but as they are about to part they are surprised by when only the stars, the eyes of the night, The Introduction suggests the calm sea, 2 while Aleko, who kills them both. Finally Aleko is banished gaze down on us. Sadko’s Melismatic Song is sung as Sadko wanders from the community. Everyone is sleeping peacefully and calmly, alone by Lake Ilmen in the second scene of the opera, Dargomïzhsky based his opera Rusalka on a poem they are deep in slumber... his music drawing the enchanted swans to him. by Pushkin. It was given its first performance in St Come! Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky represents a more Petersburg in 1856 and deals with the miller’s daughter cosmopolitan form of Russian musical nationalism. Natasha, who, jilted by her lover, the Prince, leaps into © 2002 English translations by Philip Taylor His opera Cherevichki (The Slippers) was first staged the River Dnepr to become queen of the water- in Moscow in 1887. It is based on the earlier Kuznets nymphs, a rusalka. The Prince’s wedding to his new Vakula (Vakula the Smith) of 1876, with a plot derived bride is disturbed by the sound of a wailing voice. from Gogol’s Christmas Eve. The blacksmith Vakula’s Twelve years later the Prince is often away from home, mother, the witch Solokha, helps the Devil steal the waiting by the banks of the Dnepr. 7 In a recitative

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nebyesnïy, krotkiy, chudnïy vid… a heavenly, gentle, wondrous vision… and aria he remembers his past happiness with Natasha. Rimsky-Korsakov’s opera Tsarskaya nevesta (The Oblik devstvennoy bogini, It sees the features of a virgin goddess, The miller, now mad in his grief, approaches the Prince, Tsar’s Bride) had its first performance in Moscow in velichavoy krasotï, of majestic beauty, who is sorry for him, but arouses the man’s anger. In the 1899, staged, like the earlier Sadko, by the Mamontov s vzorom polnïm blagostïni, with a look full of mercy, final act of the opera the rusalki dance. Natasha is in her Private Russian Opera Company. Set in the time of Ivan kheruvimskoy dobrotï. and cherubic goodness… palace under the water, with her daughter, ready to tell the Terrible, its plot is fictional. Marfa is to marry the Gost’ selen’ya nyezemnovo, She is a visitor from a place not of this earth, the Prince about herself and her mother. In the last young nobleman Ivan Sergeyevich Lïkov, but the snega veshnego svetley, more radiant than the snows of spring, scene the Princess and her confidante are unable to designs of the oprichnik Gryaznoy and the Tsar’s choice chishche landïsha lesnovo, purer than the forest lily-of-the-valley, prevent the Prince leaping into the water, there to rejoin of Marfa as his bride, coupled with the machinations of krashe lilii poley – and fairer than the lily of the fields. his first love. 8 The Gypsy Dance is taken from the Gryaznoy’s discarded mistress Lyubasha, lead to the vot chevo ya zhdu i zhazhdu! That is what I wait and thirst for! second act. poisoning of Marfa, who goes out of her mind, the O, pridi, svetlïy angel, istochnik lyubvi, O come, radiant angel, fount of love, The first of the nationalist composers was Mikhail execution of Lïkov and the imprisonment of Gryaznoy. serdtsa tayniye strunï sogrey, ozhivi! warm and enliven the secret strings of my heart! Glinka, an older contemporary of Dargomïzhsky. His @ In his Act I arioso Lïkov describes to the company, Iz-za tayushchikh tuch, From behind the melting clouds, Ruslan and Lyudmila, first heard in St Petersburg in at a banquet at Gryaznoy’s house, the marvellous things ozari, svetlïy luch, let your brilliant ray light up 1842, is based on a narrative poem by Pushkin. A magic he has seen during his travels in Germany. # In his Act sumrak pïlkoy dushi, the gloom of an ardent soul, opera, it follows the fate of Lyudmila, daughter of the III aria, an insertion at the request of the singer Sekar- o, speshi, speshi! make haste, make haste! Grand Prince of Kiev, betrothed to the knight Ruslan. Rozhansky after the first performance, Lïkov is relieved O, pridi, svetlïy angel, O come, radiant angel, She is abducted first by the evil sorcerer, the dwarf to hear that the Tsar’s choice has seemingly not fallen zhdu tebya, zhdu tebya! I await you, I await you! Chernomor, pursued by Ruslan, the Varangian prince on Marfa, his joy soon to be lost when news comes that Akh! Istomilos’ serdtse, Ah, my heart is languishing, Farlaf and the Khazar prince Ratmir, intent on rescuing Marfa, now poisoned by Gryaznoy’s supposed love- zhdu ya, zhdu ya. I await you, I await you. her and winning her hand and territory from her father. potion, replaced by the jealous Lyubasha, is to be the Pospeshi, pospeshi! Make haste, make haste! Farlaf seizes her, but is finally defeated by Ruslan, with Tsar’s bride. O, pridi, o pridi! O come to me, come to me! the help of Ratmir. The story finds an obvious place for $ Based on the tragedy by Schiller and other Zhdu tebya, svetlïy angel, I awaite you, radient angel, the exoticism that became a feature of Russian music. works, Tchaikovsky’s Orleanskaya deva (The Maid of pridi, pridi! Come, come! 9 In the first act the bard Bayan sings of the future Orleans) was first mounted in St Petersburg in 1881. trials and the love of Ruslan and Lyudmila. The opera is an imaginative account of the career of Alexander Porfir’yevich BORODIN Glinka’s heroic tragedy A Life for the Tsar was the Joan of Arc, adding a necessary element of human (1833-1887) first nationalist Russian opera, staged in St Petersburg frailty in her momentary love for the Burgundian knight in 1836. Set in Russia and Poland in 1613, it centres on Lionel. Her divine vocation prevails and the opera ends Prince Igor the heroic exploits of Ivan Susanin in the aftermath of with her death. The entr’acte between the first and the defeat of Boris Godunov by the so-called false second acts echoes her hymn of thanksgiving at news of ^ Polovtsian March (Act III) Dmitry, with Polish support. 0 The second act of the the death of the English commander, Salisbury. opera features a ball given by the leader of the Polish Tchaikovsky’s opera Iolanta was first staged in St & Vladimir’s cavatina detachment, at which a polonaise and a krakowiak are Petersburg in 1892 together with the new ballet, Slowly the day was fading (Act II) danced. The peasant Susanin succeeds in diverting the Nutcracker. With a libretto by his brother Modest, Polish forces, in pursuit of the newly elected Tsar, based on a play by the Danish writer Henrik Hertz, the Medlenno den’ ugasal, solntse za lesom sadilos’, Slowly the day was fading, Mikhail Romanov, leading them astray until the young opera tells of Iolanta, the blind daughter of René, King zori vecherniye merkli, noch’ nadvigalas’ na zemlyu, the sun was setting beyond the forest, Tsar has been able to escape. ! In the fourth act of Provence. A Moorish physician advises the King that teni nochnïye chornïm pokrovom step’ zastilali. the glow of evening was growing dim, Sobinin, who is to marry Susanin’s daughter, leads a his daughter must be made aware of her plight before Tyoplaya yuzhnaya noch’! and night crept over the earth. band of peasants in the forest at night. Susanin is finally she can be cured. Vaudémont, a Burgundian knight, and Gryozï lyubvi navevaya, razlivaya negu v krovi, The shadows of night spread over the steppes successful in his protection of the Tsar, but is killed for Robert, Duke of Burgundy, find themselves lost in the zavyot k svidan’yu. like a black shroud... it, his heroism to be remembered by the Tsar and by garden of King René’s palace, the latter anxious to Zhdyosh’ li tï menya, moya milaya? The warm southern night, future generations. escape from his engagement to Iolanta. %Vaudémont,

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in a Romance added for the lyric-dramatic tenor the Polovtsians and entertained by their leader, Khan terpeniye, dosuzhestvo v rabotakh, patience, and a capacity for their work, Nikolay Figner, declares his intention to find a woman Konchak. It is eventually arranged that Igor and his son i rven’ye neusïpnoye k trudam. as well as an indefatigable zeal in their labours. of complete purity. They find Iolanta sleeping in the shall be released, & but Vladimir is now in love with garden, and Vaudémont falls at once in love with her. the Khan’s daughter, whom he meets in secret. ^ In the She is now to be cured of her blindness and united in third act the Polovtsian Khan Gzak returns to the # Lïkov’s aria happiness with Vaudémont. encampment with Russian prisoners, to the sound of a The thundercloud has scurried past (Act III) There is a clearly exotic element in Borodin’s opera march. Prince Igor, now persuaded to an agreement, is Prince Igor, originally revised and completed by set free, leaving Vladimir with his chosen bride. Tucha nenastnaya mimo promchalasya, The thundercloud has scurried past, Rimsky-Korsakov and the young Glazunov after solnïshko snova nad nami vzoshlo. the sun has risen high above us again. Borodin’s death, and first given in St Petersburg in Mnye vozvratili tebya, nyenaglyadnaya, You have been returned to me, my beloved, 1890. Prince Igor and his son Vladimir are captured by Keith Anderson dolya schastlivaya snova nas zhdyot. a happy fate again awaits us. Stanu tebya ya i khodit’ i nezhit’, I shall tend for you and caress you, stanu leleyat’ golubku moyu. I shall cherish my sweet dove, Tyoploy zabotoyu, laskoy lyubovnuyu with tender concern and an embrace of love. budem drug drugu mï zhizn’ uslazhdat’. We shall fill each other’s days with delight. Kak ya boyalsya-to, kak ya trevozhilsya! What fear and alarm I felt! No ponemnogu utikhla pechal’. But little by little my sorrow has faded, Tucha nenastnaya mimo promchalasya, the thundercloud has scurried past, solnïshko snova nad nami vzoshlo. the sun has risen high above us again.

Pyotr Il’yich TCHAIKOVSKY (1840-1893)

The Maid of Orleans

$ Entr’acte (Act II) Vladimir Grishko Pyotr Il’yich TCHAIKOVSKY (1840-1893) The gifted Ukrainian tenor Vladimir Grishko has received critical acclaim for his brilliant performances around the globe, with a notable début at the New York Metropolitan Opera as Rodolfo in La Bohème and Iolanta powerful performances in Borodin’s Prince Igor. His international career has continued with major rôles in Italian, Russian and French operatic repertoire in leading opera houses in America, Europe and with the Kirov % Vaudémont’s romance Opera in St Petersburg. His recordings include Tchaikovsky’s The Snow Maiden with the Detroit Symphony The charms of a feisty beauty’s embraces Orchestra, in addition to several solo recordings of Italian arias, Russian and Ukrainian folk-song, and Italian and Spanish songs. He won the Placido Domingo Grand Prize and Best Tenor award at the 1989 Vinas Vocal Nyet! Charï lask krasï myatezhnoy No! The charms of a feisty beauty’s embraces Competition, and the Grand Prize in the Concours International de Chant in Toulouse, France. Born into a family mnye nichevo nye govoryat, say nothing to me, of musicians and soldiers, Vladimir Grishko often sang on radio and television as a child in Kiev. He studied at the vo mnye nye budit strasti nezhnoy the languorous look that summons us to bliss Glière Kiev State Music Conservatory with Vladimir Zaporoshtev, and went on to graduate from the Tchaikovsky prizïva k negye tomnoy vzglyad… does not awaken tender passion within me … Kiev State Conservatory doctoral programme while studying with Zoya Khristich. He is a Knight of the Order of Nyet! Pogruzhena v pokoy polnochnïy, No, immersed in its midnight rest, the Saint Prince Volodimir. Vladimir Grishko is also a leading soloist with the Kirov Opera at the Mariinsky lyubov’ vo mnye, mechtaya, spit… my love slumbers in dreams… Theatre in St Petersburg under the leadership of Valery Gergiev. Yey snitsya angel neporochnïy, It dreams of a chaste angel,

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i lyakhu nye dadim nad nami smekh tvorit’! and the snowstorm, the toiling National Symphony Orchestra Of Ukraine Put’ nam vperyod, nam lyudi vmenyat’ v stïd and the fighting will be only a memory. kol’ bez ottsa domoy pridyom. Love will come shining through. The National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine (formerly the Ukrainian State Symphony Orchestra) is one of the Otets v nuzhdye velikoy, Brothers, let’s go, best known symphony orchestras from the former USSR. Formed in 1918, the orchestra played an important role na nas yevo nadezhda let us finish this honourable task, in the development of Ukrainian national music but, in addition, always held its own in the world repertoire. The i sled li nam ostavit’ yevo v nuzhdye? and not allow the Poles to make fun of us! orchestra has been conducted by, amongst others, Mravinsky, Svetlanov, Rozhdestvensky, Ivanov, Stokowski, Nayti ottsa velit nam chest’ svyataya, Our road lies ahead, Ferrero, Masur, Abbado and Jansons. Nathan Rakhlin was the leading conductor of the orchestra for 25 years. At i lyakha kaznit’ za smekh nad nami. people will make us ashamed present the Creative Director and Principal Conductor of the National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine is Vladimir Poydyom, poydyom druz’ya! if we arrive home without her father. Sirenko. The Conductor Laureate is Theodore Kuchar. Distinguished soloists who have collaborated with the Poydom! Her father is in dire need, Orchestra include Emil Gilels, Yehudi Menuhin, Isaac Stern, David Oistrakh, Igor Oistrakh, Mstislav his hope lies with us, Rostropovich, Montserrat Caballé and José Carreras. The orchestra was trusted with première performances of and should we abandon him works by Aram Khachaturian, Boris Lyatoshynsky, Sergey Prokofiev, Dmitry Shostakovich, Giya Kancheli, when he is in need? Valentin Sylvestrov and Yehven Stankovytch, and has always been and continues to be a creative “laboratory” for Sacred honour commands us to find her father Ukrainian composers, conductors and soloists. The orchestra has toured to great acclaim in numerous countries and strike down the Poles for making fun of us. such as Australia, Hong Kong, Spain, France, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Germany, Belgium and, in Lets go, let’s go, my friends. 1997, the United Kingdom, always delighting both its public and the specialised press, so much so that in the UK Let’s go! it was frequently compared to the Russian National Orchestra. Since late 1993, the orchestra, conducted by the then principal conductor Theodore Kuchar, has been extremely active in recording and has proved to be an Nikolay Andreyevich RIMSKY-KORSAKOV ensemble especially prized for its brass section. For Naxos, the orchestra has recorded symphonies and a good deal (1844-1908) of the important orchestral music by Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Kalinnikov, Stankovytch, Ippolitov-Ivanov, Havergal Brian and Martinu˚ together with a growing number of works by United States composers for the Naxos The Tsar’s Bride American Classics series including music by Piston, Gould, Antheil, Creston, McKay, Lees, Hadley and Carpenter. @ Lïkov’s arioso It is all different (Act I) Theodore Kuchar Inoye vsyo, i lyudi i zemlya, It is all different, the people and the land. zima u nikh nedolgo, Their winters are not long, “Kuchar leads his musicians in performances of transfiguring devotedness, involvement and clarification.” a morozov bol’shikh i nye slïkhat’; and bitter frosts are unheard of; Fanfare review of Theodore Kuchar conducting Stankovytch’s Symphonies on Marco Polo. zato uzh leto tam khorosho. but then, the summers there are good. Theodore Kuchar (born 1960) was appointed Artistic Director and Principal conductor of the National A gorï tam takiye vïsokiye, The mountains are so high Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine in 1994, in a contract running to 1999. Upon completion of that agreement, he shto glazom nye okinyesh’; that the eye cannot take them in at a glance, was awarded the title of Conductor Laureate for Life. Trained as a violinist and later a violist, Kuchar graduated tak v nebo i ukhodyat golovami. and their summits disappear into the skies. from the Cleveland Institute of Music and served as principal violist of orchestras in Cleveland and Helsinki. A goroda u nikh bol’shiye, prebol’shiye, Their towns are large, quite huge, Subsequently he appeared as soloist and chamber musician in Australia, Europe, the UK, the USA and the former i vsyo iz kamnya slozheno. and they are all built of stone. The houses USSR, as well as at such major festivals as Edinburgh and Tanglewood. Povsyudu v domakh ubranstvo chudnoye, everywhere are wonderfully furnished, In 1980, Mr. Kuchar was awarded the Paul Fromm Fellowship by the Boston Symphony Orchestra to i styokla tsvetnïye vsyo, all with coloured glass, and the rooms undertake advanced study and performance at Tanglewood, where he worked with Leonard Bernstein, Colin i komnatï obitï tsvetnïm suknom. are upholstered in coloured cloth. Davis, Seiji Ozawa and Andre Previn, and in Cleveland where he worked under the guidance of Lorin Maazel. A sami nemtsï khodyat bogato, The foreigners walk about in rich clothes, Subsequently, he appeared as a guest conductor with symphony orchestras of Brisbane, Cape Town, Helsinki, i zhon naryadno vodyat, accompanying their wives elegantly; Perth and Prague among many cities around the world. Soon after his Australian début in 1987, Mr. Kuchar was i vzaperti nye derzhat, kak u nas. they don’t keep them locked up like us. appointed Musical Director of the Queensland Philharmonic Orchestra in Brisbane while also serving as Music Vo vsyom u nikh poryadok obraztsovïy, They have exemplary order in everything, Director of the West Australian Ballet in Perth until 1993.

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During his time in Brisbane, Kuchar’s activities ranged from initiating a three-year project devoted to dolya divnaya nizoydyot. and a wondrous fate performing the complete symphonies of Mozart and to conducting Australian premières of works by Prokofiev, Tam mladoy pevets shall befall that barren sport. Schnittke and Shostakovich. In 1989 he was awarded a bronze medal by the Finnish Government in recognition of v slavu rodinï, There a young singer will start to sing his work in performing and promoting that country’s music, both in Finland and abroad. na zlatïkh strunakh zapoyot, upon his golden strings in honour of his country, Although restricted somewhat by conducting activities, Theodore Kuchar continues to devote large slices of i Lyudmilu nam s yeya vityazyem and he will save our Lyudmila and her knight his time annually to one of his most serious passions, the performance of chamber music. In 1994, for example, he ot zabveniya sokhranit. from oblivion. played with colleagues Oleg Krysa and Alexander Ivashkin at the world première of Penderecki’s String Trio in No nedolog srok na zemlye pevtsu, The singer has but a few years upon this earth, New York. In July 1999, he also appeared as violist in two recordings for the Naxos label, in works by Alfred no nedolog srok na zemlye. few years upon this earth. Schnittke (with Irena Schnittke and Mark Lubotsky) and Walter Piston. Vsye bessmertnïye v nebesakh. All those who gain immortality are in the Kuchar remains as strong an advocate of composers of the present day as he does of the great composers of the heavens. past. In recent seasons, he has conducted works, in the presence of the composers, by Leslie Bassett, George Mikhail Ivanovich GLINKA (1804-1857) Crumb, Sofia Gubaidulina, Giya Kancheli, Benjamin Lees, Alfred Schnittke and Yehven Stankovytch. Under Mr. Kuchar’s direction, the National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine has become one of the most frequently recorded A Life for the Tsar orchestras of the former Soviet Union. For Marco Polo, Theodore Kuchar has conducted the orchestra in highly praised recordings of the symphonies 0 Krakowiak of Yevhen Stankovytch and Boris Lyatoshynsky (“Kuchar’s reading seems to penetrate to the heart of the score.” - American Record Guide). ! Sobinin’s aria For Naxos, Kuchar and his Ukraine orchestra have committed to disc ballet music, works for cello and Brothers. Into the snowstorm! (Act IV) orchestra as well as the complete symphonies of Prokofiev. Kuchar has also recorded ballet music by Rodion Shchedrin, film music by Shostakovich and superb renderings of the hyper-romantic symphonies of Kalinnikov. In Bratsï! V metel’, v nevedomoy glushi Brothers. Into the snowstorm! the American Classics series for Naxos, Kuchar has recorded the Fourth Symphony of Benjamin Lees, light music mï srazu nye mogli dobrat’sya do vraga! In unfamiliar backwoods by Morton Gould, symphonies by George Antheil and Paul Creston together with the violin concertos of Walter Shto nam metel’, lesnaya glubina, we could not reach the enemy at once. Piston, the latter becoming a Gramophone magazine Editor’s Choice, one of the most coveted accolades currently besput’ye, trud, i khlad nochnoy? What to us is the snowstorm, awarded in the classical recording industry. Nye unïvaytye, bratsï! what to us are these forest depths, Nye ustupaytye v’yugye, this pathless terrain, the toiling i trudnomu besput’yu. and the chill of night? Ukrainian State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra Svoyo voz’myom. Do not be downcast, brothers, Mï stoykost’yu russkoy do not yield to the storm The Ukrainian State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra was founded in 1929 in Kiev, under the direction i nepreklonnïm dukhom and to the pathless terrain. of M.Kanershtein and for many years was conducted by V. Gnedash. The orchestra has done much to preserve the vsyu trudnost’ perelomim. We shall triumph, musical traditions of Ukraine and Eastern Europe in general, with an archive that includes more than ten thousand Ottsa naydyom! we shall overcome all difficulties recordings of orchestral works. Under Vladimir Sirenko the orchestra has made a number of compact disc Zhdyot nevesta krasnaya, with our Russian fortitude recordings and film soundtracks. svetik dlya tebya, and our resolute spirit. mï naydyom ottsa, dostavim domoy. We shall find her father. Ot tebya ya, dorogaya, My fair bride is waiting, Vladimir Sirenko zhdu nagradï, my darling bride, for your sake i lyubovnoy laski zhdu. we shall find your father Vladimir Sirenko has been compared by the international press to brilliant conductors such as Esa-Pekka Salonen Vzglyanesh’ krasnïm solnïshkom, and we shall bring him home. and Simon Rattle. He was born in the Poltava region of Ukraine on 1st November 1960 and studied conducting at k pamyati sletit v’yuga, From you, my beloved, the Tchaikovsky Conservatory, winning the International Conducting Competition in Prague in 1990. Since 1991 trud i boy proglyanet lyubov’, I await my reward, he has served as the Music Director of the Ukrainian State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra. At the same Bratsï, poydyom! I await a loving embrace! time he has appeared as a guest conductor with many orchestras in Europe and the United States. Dokonchim chestnïy trud Your glance will be like bright sunshine,

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Vladimir Grishko vot, vot mel’nitsa: ona uzh razvalilas’, there’s the mill; it is already in ruins,the merry vesyolïy shum kolyos yeyo umolknul. sound of its wheels have already fallen silent. Russische Opernarien, Folge 2 Akh, vidno, umer i starik! Ah, it’s clear that the old man has died too! Doch’ bednuyu oplakival on dolgo! For a long time he grieved for his poor daughter! Das neunzehnte Jahrhundert erlebte die Blüte des Nationalmusik. Seine Oper Tscherewitschki (Die A vot i dub zavetnïy! And there is the cherished oak! nationalen Elements in der russischen Kunst, vor allem Pantöffelchen) wurde 1887 in Moskau uraufgeführt. Sie Zdes’, zdes’ ona, obnyav menya, There, there she embraced me, in der Oper, die es den Komponisten gestattete, sich ist die Bearbeitung seiner 1876 nach Gogols Erzählung ponikla i umolkla! went limp and fell silent! russischen Stoffen mit einer Musik zu nähern, deren Weihnachtsabend entstandenen Oper Kusnez Wakula Mnye vsyo zdes’ na pamyat’ privodit bïloye Everything here brings to mind Wurzeln in nationalen Traditionen lagen. Innerhalb der (Wakula, der Schmied). Die Mutter Wakulas, die Hexe i yunosti krasnoy privol’nïye dni. the past and the free days of my radiant youth. Gruppe von fünf zeitgenössischen Solocha, hilft dem Teufel beim Raub des Mondes. Ein Zdes’, pomnyu, nekogda menya vstrechala I remember it was here that the free love Nationalkomponisten, deren Mentor Wladimir Stassow ehrwürdiger Dorfbewohner nach dem anderen erscheint svobodnovo svobodnaya lyubov’! of a free man greeted me once! ihr den Namen „Das mächtige Häuflein“ gab, erlangte in Solochas Haus und wird dort in Säcken versteckt, die Zdes’ serdtse vpervïye blazhenstvo uznalo. Here my heart learned bliss for the first time. Nikolaj Rimsky-Korsakow eine führende Position, Wakula bei seiner Heimkehr nach draußen trägt. Seine Uvï, nenadolgo nam schast’ye dano! Alas, happiness is not given to us for long! indem er sein Können nicht nur der eigenen Musik Geliebte Oxana neckt ihn und verlangt für sich die Proshli nevozvratno dni radostey svetlïkh, Those days of radiant joy have passed for ever, nutzbar machte, sondern auch den Revisionen von Schuhe der Zarewna, wenn sie ihn heiraten soll. Wakula tyazholoye gorye na serdtse leglo! and my heart is filled with a grievous sorrow! Werken seiner Kollegen Mussorgsky und Borodin nach will sich das Leben nehmen und ist bereit, sich zu Nye sam li, bezumets, ya schast’ye utratil! You fool, was it not you yourself who squandered deren relativ frühzeitigem Tod. ertränken. 4 Er beklagt sein Los, während er den (A bïlo tak blizko, vozmozhno ono!) your happiness! Rimski-Korsakows sechste Oper, Sadko, wurde letzten Sack hinausschleppt, aus dem plötzlich der Mnye vsyo zdes’ na pamyat’ privodit bïloye Everything here brings to mind 1896 vollendet und zwei Jahre später in Moskau Teufel hervorkommt, den er nun zwingt, ihm bei i yunosti krasnoy privol’nïye dni. the past and the free days of my radiant youth. uraufgeführt. Das vom Komponisten selbst verfasste seinem Plan zu helfen. 3 Im Palast tanzt eine Gruppe Zdes’, pomnyu, nekogda menya vstrechala I remember it was here that the free love Libretto basiert auf traditionellen Heldenliedern und Kosaken, die auf eine Audienz wartet, zur Unterhaltung svobodnovo svobodnaya lyubov’! of a free man greeted me once! beginnt in der Stadt Nowgorod. Sadko, ein Guslispieler des Hofes. Wakulas außergewöhnlichem Ansinnen Vot zdes’, v etoy roshchye, schastlivïy Here in this copse, made happy by love, und Sänger, macht sich mit seiner Idee, er wolle eine wird entsprochen. Der Teufel begleitet ihn heim, wo er lyubov’yu, zabotï i gorye, i vsyo zabïval ya. my cares and my grief, I forgot them all. eigene Flotte ausrüsten, um die Weltmeere zu befahren, nun Oxana zu heiraten gedenkt. Mnye vsyo zdes’ na pamyat’ privodit bïloye Everything here brings to mind zum Spott der Kaufmannschaft. Er verlässt die Stadt Aleko, eine auf Alexander Puschkin basierende i yunosti krasnoy privol’nïye dni. the past and the free days of my radiant youth. und begibt sich ans Ufer des Ilmensees; dort verwandelt Handlung, war die Standard-Examensaufgabe für sich eine Schar weißer Schwäne vor seinen Augen in Arenskis Kompositionsschüler am Moskauer 8 Gypsy Dance verlockende Wassernixen. Die Prinzessin Wolchowa, Konservatorium im Jahre 1892. Sergej Rachmaninow Tochter des Meeresfürsten, prophezeit ihm, dass er drei sicherte sich mit seiner Vertonung die Goldmedaille, goldene Fische fangen werde, mit deren Hilfe er, nach die Veröffentlichung des Werks und, 1893, die Mikhail Ivanovich GLINKA (1804-1857) durchstandenen Abenteuern, reich und glücklich sein Aufführung am Bolschoi-Theater. Aleko hat die werde. Zu diesen Abenteuern zählt der Besuch im Reich Gesellschaft verlassen und bei den Zigeunern ein neues Ruslan and Lyudmila des Meeresfürsten und die Heirat mit der Prinzessin, die Zuhause gefunden. Dort lebt er zusammen mit Zemfira, schließlich in den Fluss Wolchow verwandelt wird, der der Mutter seines Kindes. Ihr alter Vater erzählt die 9 Bayan’s song ihn immer begleiten wird. Sadko kehrt nach langer traurige Geschichte vom Verlust seiner eigenen Frau, There is a deserted land (Act I) Trennung als reicher Mann zu seiner Frau zurück. die mit einem anderen Mann davonlief. 5 Als sich nach 1 Die Introduktion beschreibt das Wogen des Meeres. einem Tanz der Zigeuner alles zur Ruhe begibt, Yest’ pustïnnïy kray, There is a deserted land, 2 In der zweiten Szene singt Sadko sein verabredet sich Zemfira mit einem jungen Burschen, in bezotradnïy breg, a joyless shore, Melismatisches Lied, während er am Ufer des Ilmensees den sie sich verliebt hat. Doch sie entdeckt Aleko ihre tam na polnochi daleko. there far off in the north. wandert, wo die Schwäne von seinem Gesang angelockt Gefühle, der nun auf Rache sinnt. 6 Der junge Solntse letnyeye na dolinï tam The summer sun gazes down werden. Zigeunerbursche, jetzt mit Zemfira vereint, singt von skvoz’ tuman glyadit bez luchey. on the valleys there without rays. Der Name Pjotr Iljitsch Tschaikowski steht für eine seiner Liebe. Als sie fliehen wollen, werden sie von No veka proydut, i na bednïy kray But the centuries shall pass eher kosmopolitische Ausprägung der russischen Aleko überrascht, der beide tötet. Aleko wird aus der

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Nikolay Andreyevich RIMSKY-KORSAKOV angeblichem Liebestrank, den die eifersüchtige Jolanthe lösen. % Vaudémont (in einer für den lyrisch- (1844-1908) Ljubascha unbemerkt mit einem Gift vertauscht hat, dramatischen Tenor Nikolai Figner hinzukomponierten nun doch zur Zarenbraut erkoren worden ist. Romanze) erklärt seinen Wunsch nach einer Frau von Sadko $ Tschaikowskis Orleanskaja Dewa (Die Jungfrau vollkommener Reinheit. Als sie Jolanthe schlafend im von Orleans), auf ein Libretto nach Friedrich Schiller Garten gewahren, verliebt sich Vaudémont auf der 1 Introduction und anderen Quellen, wurde 1881 in St. Petersburg Stelle in sie. Jolanthe wird von ihrer Blindheit geheilt uraufgeführt. Die Handlung ist frei erfunden nach der und glücklich mit Vaudémont vereint. 2 Sadko’s melismatic song Geschichte der Jeanne d’Arc, wobei ein für die Ein ausgesprochen exotisches Element Ah, you dark oak grove! (Tableau 2). Dramaturgie notwendiges Element menschlicher kennzeichnet Alexander Borodins unvollendete, von Schwäche in Johannas flüchtiger Liebe zu dem Rimski-Korsakow und dem jungen Glasunow nach dem Oy, tï tyomnaya dubravushka! Ah, you dark oak grove! burgundischen Ritter Lionel hinzugefügt wurde. Doch Tod des Komponisten revidierte und ergänzte Oper Rasstupis’, day mnye dorozhen’ku. Part and make way for me. ihre göttliche Berufung obsiegt, und die Oper endet mit Fürst Igor, uraufgeführt 1890 in St. Petersburg. Fürst Skvoz’ tuman, slezu goryuchuyu, Through the mist and my burning tears, ihrem Tod. Der Entr’acte zwischen dem ersten und Igor und sein Sohn Wladimir werden von den Ya nye vizhu sveta belovo. I can’t see the broad light of day. zweiten Akt ist ein Echo ihrer Dankbarkeit anläßlich der heidnischen Polowzern ergriffen, doch von ihrem Vskolïkhnisya, tï trost’-derevo, Stir, you woody reeds, Nachricht vom Tode des englischen Befehlshabers Anführer, Khan Kontschak, in ehrenvoller razbudi-ka Il’men-ozero! and awaken Lake Ilmen! Salisbury. Gefangenschaft gehalten. Man einigt sich schließlich Lyudyam stali uzh nye nadobnï People no longer need Tschaikowskis Oper Iolanta (Jolanthe) wurde darauf, Igor und seinen Sohn freizulassen. & Wladimir Moi gusel’ki yarovchatï. my spirited gusli. zusammen mit seinem neuen Ballett Nussknacker 1892 aber hat sich in die Tochter des Khans verliebt, mit der Slushay tï, volna zïbuchaya! Hear, you rippling wave! in St. Petersburg uraufgeführt. Das Libretto, nach einer er sich heimlich trifft. ^ Im dritten Akt kehrt der tï, razdol’itse shirokoye! you wide expanses, Erzählung des dänischen Schriftstellers Henrik Hertz, Polowzer Khan Gsak mit russischen Gefangenen zu den pro moyu li uchast’ gor’kuyu, of my bitter fate and verfasste Tschaikowskis Bruder Modest. Im Klängen eines Marschs ins Lager zurück. Als Igor da pro dumushku zavetnuyu. my secret thought. Mittelpunkt der Handlung steht die blinde Jolanthe, erfährt, dass sein Heimatort geplündert wurde, ergreift Tochter des Königs René. Sie weiß nichts von ihrer er mit seinem Sohn die Flucht. Wladimir wird gefangen Blindheit, da der König verboten hat, es ihr zu sagen. genommen, aber Kontschak beweist seine Großmut und TCHAIKOVSKY Ein maurischer Arzt teilt ihm mit, das das Mädchen nur gibt dem russischen Fürstensohn seine Tochter zur The Slippers (Cherevichki) geheilt werden könne, wenn sie von ihrem Geschick Frau. wisse. Vaudémont, ein burgundischer Ritter, und Keith Anderson 3 Danse des Cosaques Robert, Herzog von Burgund, verirren sich in den königlichen Gärten. Robert will seine Verlobung mit Deutsche Fassung: Bernd Delfs 4 Vakula’s arioso-song Does your heart, not hear my terrible grief? (Act III)

Slïshit li, devitsa, serdtse tvoyo Does your heart, maiden, not hear lyutoye goryushko, gorye moyo? my terrible grief? Snitsya l’, golubka, tebye khot’ vo snye, Does my darling not even in her dreams see how I kak ya tomlyusya, goryu, kak v ognye? pine and how I am consumed in a fire of passion? Mochi nyet boleye, dusha propaday! I have no strength left, let my soul be damned! Serdtse devchino, You maiden’s heart, Oksana, proshchay! Oksana, farewell!

Starïy guslyar pesnyu-dumku spoyot, The old gusli player will sing a song po Ukrainye rodnoy ponesyot; and it will resound throughout our native Ukraine;

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Gemeinschaft verstoßen. Ruslan und Ljudmila. skazhet, kak zharko tebya ya lyubil, it will tell how passionately I loved you, Alexander Dargomyshski entwarf das Libretto Glinkas heroische Tragödie Ein Leben für den kak za lyubov’ svoyu ya dushu sgubil! and how for love I damned my soul! seines Hauptwerks Rusalka nach einem dramatischen Zaren, 1836 in St. Petersburg uraufgeführt, bringt Mochi nyet boleye, dusha propaday! I have no strength left, let my soul be damned! Gedicht von Puschkin. Die Oper, 1856 in St. Petersburg erstmals russische Menschen aus den unteren Schichten Serdtse devchino, Your maiden’s heart, uraufgeführt, erzählt die Geschichte der Müllerstochter auf die Bühne. Die Handlung spielt im Jahr 1613 – nach Oksana, proshchay! Oksana, farewell! Natascha, die – von ihrem Liebhaber, dem jungen dem mit polnischer Hilfe vom „falschen Dmitri“ Fürsten, verlassen – in den Dnjepr-Fluss geht, um herbeigeführten Sturz Boris Godunows – und handelt Königin der Wassernixen (rusalki), zu werden. In die von der Heldentat des Bauern Iwan Sussanin. 0 Im Sergey RACHMANINOV (1873-1943) Hochzeitsfeier des Fürsten mit seiner neuen Braut zweiten Akt der Oper gibt der Anführer der Polen, die mischt sich der Klang einer klagenden Stimme. Zwölf erneut in Russland eingedrungen sind, ein Fest, bei dem Aleko Jahre später: Den Fürsten zieht es immer wieder ans eine Polonaise und ein Krakowiak getanzt werden. Ufer des Flusses. 7 In seiner Szene und Arie gedenkt er Durch eine List gelingt es Sussanin, die polnischen 5 Men’s dance der unbeschwerten Jugendzeit mit Natascha. Trauernd Eindringlinge, die den neuen Zaren Michail Romanow nähert sich ihm der Müller. Der Fürst bedauert ihn, ermorden wollen, in einem verschneiten Walddickicht 6 Young Gypsy’s romance erregt jedoch nur seine Wut. Im letzten Akt der Oper aufzuhalten, was dem dem jungen Zaren die Flucht See, beneath yon firmament (off-stage) tanzen die rusalki. Natascha lebt in ihrem ermöglicht. ! Im vierten Akt führt Sobinin, der Wasserschloss mit ihrer Tochter, der sie das Sussanins Tochter heiraten soll, bei Nacht eine Gruppe Vzglyani: pod otdalyonnïm svodom See, beneath yon firmament Versprechen abnimmt, dem Fürsten am Ufer von Bauern in den Wald. Sussanin gelingt es, dem gulyayet vol’naya luna; the free moon is roving; aufzulauern und ihm ihre Herkunft zu entdecken. In der Zaren das Leben zu retten, kommt dabei aber selbst ums na vsyu prirodu mimokhodom over all of nature, as she passes, letzten Szene müssen die Fürstin und ihre Vertraute mit Leben. Der Zar gedenkt seines Heldenmuts, und auch ravno siyan’ye l’yot ona. she floods her light in equal measure. ansehen, wie der Fürst in den Fluss springt, um mit folgende halten die Erinnerung an Sussanin wach. Kto v nebye mesto yey ukazhet, Who will show her her place in the heavens, seiner ersten Liebe vereint zu werden. 8 Der Rimski-Korsakows Oper Zarskaja Newesta (Die promolvya: tam ostanovis’! saying: halt there! Zigeunertanz ist ans dem zweiten Akt. Zarenbraut) wurde 1899, wie zuvor bereits Sadko, von Kto serdtsu yunoy dyevï skazhet: Who will say to the heart of a young girl: Der erste der russisch-nationalen Komponisten war Marmontows privater russischer Operngesellschaft lyubi odno, nye izmenis’! love one thing, don’t betray it! Michail Glinka, ein älterer Zeitgenosse Dargomyshskis. uraufgeführt. Die fiktive Handlung spielt zur Zeit Iwans Kto v nebye mesto yey ukazhet, Who will show her her place in the heavens, Seine Zauberoper Ruslan und Ljudmila, die 1842 in St. des Schrecklichen. Die Kaufmannstochter Marfa soll promolvya: tam ostanovis’! saying: halt there! Petersburg zur Uraufführung kam, basiert auf Puschkins den jungen Bojaren Iwan Sergejewitsch Lykow Kto serdtsu yunoy dyevï skazhet: Who will say to the heart of a young girl: gleichnamigem Poem. Ljudmila ist die Tochter des heiraten, doch die Absichten, die sowohl der Zar als nye izmenis’, lyubi odno! love one thing, don’t betray it! Großfürsten von Kiew. Sie hat sich von drei Freiern für auch der Opritschnik Grjasnoi auf sie haben, führen Ruslan entschieden. Während die Gäste sie zu ihrer nach einer Reihe von Verwicklungen und durch Zutun Wahl beglückwünschen, ertönt ein gewaltiger der von Grjasnoi verlassenen Ljubascha zu einem Alexander Sergeyevich DARGOMÏZHSKY Donnerschlag, und Ljudmila wird von dem Zauberer Giftanschlag auf Marfa, die dem Wahnsinn verfällt, (1813-1869) Tschernomor entführt. Ruslan und die beiden anderen sowie zur Exekution Lykows und zur Festnahme Freier, Farlaw und Ratmir, nehmen die Verfolgung auf. Grjasnois. @ In seinem Arioso aus dem ersten Akt Rusalka Der Großfürst verspricht, seine Tochter demjenigen zur berichtet Lykow bei einer Gesellschaft im Hause Frau zu geben, der sie zurückbringt. Schließlich gelingt Grjasnois von seinen herrlichen Reiseeindrücken aus 7 Prince’s cavatina es Farlaw, Ljudmila zu ergreifen, doch er wird von Deutschland. # In seiner (auf Wunsch des Sängers Involuntarily I am drawn (Act III) Ruslan mit der Hilfe Ratmirs überwältigt. In der Sekar-Roschanski nach der Premiere für den dritten Akt Zauberhandlung dieser Oper ist die ganze Exotik hinzukomponierten) Arie ist Lykow erleichtert, dass die Nevol’no k etim grustnïm beregam Involuntarily I am drawn to these mournful banks eingefangen, die zu einem Kennzeichen der russischen Wahl des Zaren scheinbar doch nicht auf Marfa gefallen menya vlechot nevedomaya sila; By an unknown force; Musik werden sollte. 9 Im ersten Akt besingt der Barde ist; seine Freude ist jedoch von kurzer Dauer, als er znakomïye, pechal’nïye mesta! such familiar and yet sad places! Bajan die zukünftigen Prüfungen und die Liebe von erfährt, dass Marfa nach der Einnahme von Grjasnows Ya uznayu okrestnïye predmetï: I recognise the objects around me:

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Vladimir Grishko Le premier des compositeurs nationalistes fut disant philtre d’amour de Griaznoy, va devoir épouser Airs d’opéra russes, vol. 2 Mikhaïl Glinka, contemporain et aîné de Dargomyjski. le tsar. Son opéra fantastique Ruslan et Lyudmila, créé à Saint- $ Inspiré notamment de la tragédie de Schiller, Le XIXème siècle vit la floraison du nationalisme russe envisage de se suicider et s’apprête à se noyer. 4 Il Pétersbourg en 1842, est lui aussi inspiré de Pouchkine. Orleanskaya deva (La pucelle d’Orléans) de dans les arts, et notamment dans le domaine de l’opéra, pleure sur son sort, portant le dernier sac, duquel surgit Lyudmila, fille du grand prince de Kiev, est fiancée au Tchaïkovski fut créé à Saint-Pétersbourg en 1881. Cet où les compositeurs pouvaient explorer des thèmes le diable. Vakula l’oblige à lui venir en aide. 3 Au chevalier Ruslan. Elle est enlevée par un sorcier, le nain opéra est un récit imaginaire de la vie de Jeanne d’Arc, essentiellement russes sur une musique ancrée dans la palais, une troupe de cosaques, venue demander Chernomor, et Ruslan et deux princes, Farlaf et Ratmir, rendue plus humaine par son amour momentané pour le tradition nationale. Au sein du groupe de cinq audience, danse pour distraire la compagnie et Vakula, se lancent à sa rescousse. Aidé de Ratmir, Ruslan finira chevalier bourguignon Lionel. L’entracte séparant les compositeurs nationalistes contemporains que leur ayant obtenu les chaussons, est ramené chez lui par le par arracher Lyudmila à Farlaf. 9 Au premier acte, le deux premiers actes de l’opéra fait écho à l’hymne de mentor, l’esprit encyclopédique Vladimir Stasov, diable pour y épouser Oxana. barde Bayan chante les épreuves que vont devoir louanges de Jeanne ayant appris la mort du appelait le groupe des Cinq, Nikolaï Andreïevitch Aleko, sur un livret inspiré de Pouchkine, était un affronter Ruslan et Lyudmila pour voir triompher leur commandant anglais Salisbury. Rimski-Korsakov gagna peu à peu une position de texte imposé pour le diplôme des élèves de composition amour. L’opéra de Tchaïkovski Iolanta fut créé à Saint- leader, faisant appel à sa technique à la fois pour d’Arensky au Conservatoire de Moscou en 1892. La La tragédie héroïque de Glinka La vie pour le tsar Pétersbourg en 1892 en même temps que son nouveau composer et pour réviser des œuvres de ses confrères version de Rachmaninov lui valut une médaille d’or et fut le premier opéra national russe, créé à Saint- ballet, Casse-Noisette. Sur un livret de son frère Modest Moussorgski et Borodine après leur décès. la plus haute distinction, la publication, suivie, en 1893, Pétersbourg en 1836. Se déroulant en Russie et en inspiré d’une pièce du Danois Henrik Hertz, il retrace Le sixième opéra de Rimski-Korsakov, Sadko, fut d’une création au Théâtre du Bolchoï. Aleko, fuyant la Pologne en 1613, il traite des exploits d’Ivan Sousanine l’histoire de Iolanta, fille aveugle de René, roi de achevé en 1896 et créé à Moscou deux ans plus tard. Le société, s’est réfugié auprès de bohémiens. Il vit avec après la défaite de Boris Godounov, vaincu par le faux Provence. Un médecin maure dit au roi que sa fille doit livret du compositeur s’inspirait de ballades héroïques Zemfira, qui lui a donné un enfant. Le père de la jeune Dmitri avec l’aide des Polonais. 0 Le deuxième acte de connaître son mal avant de pouvoir en être guérie. traditionnelles et son action débute à Novgorod. Sadko, fille lui raconte comment sa femme s’est enfuie avec un l’opéra présente un bal où sont joués une polonaise et un Vaudémont, chevalier bourguignon, et Robert, duc de joueur et chanteur de psaumes, offense l’assemblée de autre. 5 Les bohémiens dansent, puis, alors que tout le krakowiak. La paysan Sousanine parvient à détourner Bourgogne, se sont égarés dans les jardins du palais marchands de Novgorod. Il les quitte et erre sur le monde dort, Zemfira s’arrange pour retrouver un jeune les forces polonaises qui pourchassent le nouveau tsar royal. Robert est promis à Iolanta mais ne veut pas rivage du lac Ilmen, dont les cygnes se métamorphosent gitan dont elle est éprise. Elle avoue ses sentiments à élu, Mikhaïl Romanov, facilitant la fuite de ce dernier. l’épouser. % Vaudémont, dans une romance insérée devant lui, devenant les filles du roi des mers. Il est Aleko, qui veut se venger. 6 On entend chanter le jeune ! Au quatrième acte, Sobinine, qui doit épouser la fille pour le ténor lyrico-dramatique Nikolaï Figner, déclare récompensé par la princesse Volkhova, qui lui prédit gitan, qui vient de consommer son amour pour Zemfira, de Sousanine, mène une bande de paysans dans la forêt, son intention de trouver une femme entièrement pure. qu’il attrapera trois poissons d’or, source de son succès mais alors que les amants se séparent, ils sont surpris la nuit. Sousanine parvient enfin à protéger le tsar, mais Ils découvrent Iolanta endormie dans le jardin et futur après diverses aventures. Il va notamment visiter par Aleko, qui les tue tous les deux. Il finit par être c’est au prix de sa vie. Son héroïsme ne sera pas oublié Vaudémont tombe aussitôt amoureux d’elle. Elle va le royaume du roi des mers et épouser la princesse banni de la communauté. par le tsar et par les générations futures. pouvoir retrouver la vue et épouser le chevalier. Volkhova avant qu’elle ne soit transformée en rivière. Dargomyjski écrivit son opéra Roussalka d’après L’opéra de Rimski-Korsakov Tsarskaya nevesta L’opéra de Borodine Le prince Igor est sciemment Devenu riche, Sadko peut rentrer retrouver sa femme. un poème de Pouchkine. Il fut créé à Saint-Pétersbourg (La fiancée du tsar) fut créé à Moscou en 1899. Son exotique ; il fut révisé et achevé par Rimski-Korsakov 1 L’Introduction évoque la mer tranquille, 2 tandis en 1856 et raconte l’histoire de Natacha, fille d’un intrigue, fictive, se déroule à l’époque d’Ivan le aidé du jeune Glazounov après le décès de son que Sadko entonne son Chant mélismatique alors qu’il meunier. Délaissée par le prince qui était son amant, elle Terrible. Marfa doit épouser le jeune aristocrate Ivan compositeur et créé à Saint-Pétersbourg en 1890. Le parcourt seul les rives du lac Ilmen dans la seconde se jette dans le Dniepr et devient reine des ondines. Le Sergeïevitch Lïkov, mais à cause des manigances de prince Igor et son fils Vladimir, captifs, doivent être scène de l’opéra, séduisant les cygnes ensorcelés. mariage du prince est troublé par une lamentation. l’oprichnik Griaznoy et de son ancienne maîtresse, et libérés, & mais Vladimir s’est épris de la fille de Piotr Ilitch Tchaïkovski représente une forme plus Douze ans plus tard, on voit souvent le prince sur les parce que le tsar a décidé de faire d’elle son épouse Kontchar Khan, chef des Polovtsiens qui les ont fait cosmopolite de nationalisme musical russe. Son opéra rives du Dniepr. 7 Dans un récitatif et un air, il évoque Marfa est empoisonnée et perd la raison. Lïkov finit par prisonniers ; il la rencontre en secret. ^ Au troisième Cherevichki (Les Chaussons) fut créé à Moscou en son bonheur passé avec Natacha. Le meunier éploré être exécuté et Griaznoy emprisonné. @ Dans son acte, le Polovtsien Gzak Khan revient au campement 1887. Il s’appuie sur son opéra antérieur Kuznets aborde le prince, mais les regrets de ce dernier arioso du premier acte, Lïkov décrit aux convives d’un avec des prisonniers russes au son d’une marche. Le Vakula (Vakula le forgeron) de 1876, tiré d’un récit de provoquent la colère du père de Natacha. 8 Au dernier banquet son merveilleux voyage en Allemagne. # Dans prince Igor sera libéré, laissant Vladimir avec l’élue de Gogol. La mère du forgeron Vakula, la sorcière acte de l’opéra, la danse des rusalki, les ondines son air du troisième acte, inséré après la création de son cœur. Solokha, aide le diable à s’emparer de la lune et cache dansent. Natacha a eu une fille du prince et s’apprête à l’opéra à la demande du chanteur Sékar-Rozhanski, trois sommités du village dans des sacs que Vakula met quitter son palais sous-marin pour le lui dire, mais le Lïkov est soulagé d’apprendre que le tsar n’a Keith Anderson dehors. Sa chère Oxana le taquine, lui demandant les prince se noie en voulant rejoindre son premier amour. apparemment pas choisi Marfa, mais sa joie est de chaussons de la Tsaritsa en échange de sa main. Vakula 8 La danse des gitanes prend lieu au deuxième acte. courte durée, car il apprend que Marfa, victime du soi- Version française : David Ylla-Somers 8.554844 10 11 8.554844 554844 bk Grishko2 EC 5|12|02 3:29 PM Page 10

Vladimir Grishko Le premier des compositeurs nationalistes fut disant philtre d’amour de Griaznoy, va devoir épouser Airs d’opéra russes, vol. 2 Mikhaïl Glinka, contemporain et aîné de Dargomyjski. le tsar. Son opéra fantastique Ruslan et Lyudmila, créé à Saint- $ Inspiré notamment de la tragédie de Schiller, Le XIXème siècle vit la floraison du nationalisme russe envisage de se suicider et s’apprête à se noyer. 4 Il Pétersbourg en 1842, est lui aussi inspiré de Pouchkine. Orleanskaya deva (La pucelle d’Orléans) de dans les arts, et notamment dans le domaine de l’opéra, pleure sur son sort, portant le dernier sac, duquel surgit Lyudmila, fille du grand prince de Kiev, est fiancée au Tchaïkovski fut créé à Saint-Pétersbourg en 1881. Cet où les compositeurs pouvaient explorer des thèmes le diable. Vakula l’oblige à lui venir en aide. 3 Au chevalier Ruslan. Elle est enlevée par un sorcier, le nain opéra est un récit imaginaire de la vie de Jeanne d’Arc, essentiellement russes sur une musique ancrée dans la palais, une troupe de cosaques, venue demander Chernomor, et Ruslan et deux princes, Farlaf et Ratmir, rendue plus humaine par son amour momentané pour le tradition nationale. Au sein du groupe de cinq audience, danse pour distraire la compagnie et Vakula, se lancent à sa rescousse. Aidé de Ratmir, Ruslan finira chevalier bourguignon Lionel. L’entracte séparant les compositeurs nationalistes contemporains que leur ayant obtenu les chaussons, est ramené chez lui par le par arracher Lyudmila à Farlaf. 9 Au premier acte, le deux premiers actes de l’opéra fait écho à l’hymne de mentor, l’esprit encyclopédique Vladimir Stasov, diable pour y épouser Oxana. barde Bayan chante les épreuves que vont devoir louanges de Jeanne ayant appris la mort du appelait le groupe des Cinq, Nikolaï Andreïevitch Aleko, sur un livret inspiré de Pouchkine, était un affronter Ruslan et Lyudmila pour voir triompher leur commandant anglais Salisbury. Rimski-Korsakov gagna peu à peu une position de texte imposé pour le diplôme des élèves de composition amour. L’opéra de Tchaïkovski Iolanta fut créé à Saint- leader, faisant appel à sa technique à la fois pour d’Arensky au Conservatoire de Moscou en 1892. La La tragédie héroïque de Glinka La vie pour le tsar Pétersbourg en 1892 en même temps que son nouveau composer et pour réviser des œuvres de ses confrères version de Rachmaninov lui valut une médaille d’or et fut le premier opéra national russe, créé à Saint- ballet, Casse-Noisette. Sur un livret de son frère Modest Moussorgski et Borodine après leur décès. la plus haute distinction, la publication, suivie, en 1893, Pétersbourg en 1836. Se déroulant en Russie et en inspiré d’une pièce du Danois Henrik Hertz, il retrace Le sixième opéra de Rimski-Korsakov, Sadko, fut d’une création au Théâtre du Bolchoï. Aleko, fuyant la Pologne en 1613, il traite des exploits d’Ivan Sousanine l’histoire de Iolanta, fille aveugle de René, roi de achevé en 1896 et créé à Moscou deux ans plus tard. Le société, s’est réfugié auprès de bohémiens. Il vit avec après la défaite de Boris Godounov, vaincu par le faux Provence. Un médecin maure dit au roi que sa fille doit livret du compositeur s’inspirait de ballades héroïques Zemfira, qui lui a donné un enfant. Le père de la jeune Dmitri avec l’aide des Polonais. 0 Le deuxième acte de connaître son mal avant de pouvoir en être guérie. traditionnelles et son action débute à Novgorod. Sadko, fille lui raconte comment sa femme s’est enfuie avec un l’opéra présente un bal où sont joués une polonaise et un Vaudémont, chevalier bourguignon, et Robert, duc de joueur et chanteur de psaumes, offense l’assemblée de autre. 5 Les bohémiens dansent, puis, alors que tout le krakowiak. La paysan Sousanine parvient à détourner Bourgogne, se sont égarés dans les jardins du palais marchands de Novgorod. Il les quitte et erre sur le monde dort, Zemfira s’arrange pour retrouver un jeune les forces polonaises qui pourchassent le nouveau tsar royal. Robert est promis à Iolanta mais ne veut pas rivage du lac Ilmen, dont les cygnes se métamorphosent gitan dont elle est éprise. Elle avoue ses sentiments à élu, Mikhaïl Romanov, facilitant la fuite de ce dernier. l’épouser. % Vaudémont, dans une romance insérée devant lui, devenant les filles du roi des mers. Il est Aleko, qui veut se venger. 6 On entend chanter le jeune ! Au quatrième acte, Sobinine, qui doit épouser la fille pour le ténor lyrico-dramatique Nikolaï Figner, déclare récompensé par la princesse Volkhova, qui lui prédit gitan, qui vient de consommer son amour pour Zemfira, de Sousanine, mène une bande de paysans dans la forêt, son intention de trouver une femme entièrement pure. qu’il attrapera trois poissons d’or, source de son succès mais alors que les amants se séparent, ils sont surpris la nuit. Sousanine parvient enfin à protéger le tsar, mais Ils découvrent Iolanta endormie dans le jardin et futur après diverses aventures. Il va notamment visiter par Aleko, qui les tue tous les deux. Il finit par être c’est au prix de sa vie. Son héroïsme ne sera pas oublié Vaudémont tombe aussitôt amoureux d’elle. Elle va le royaume du roi des mers et épouser la princesse banni de la communauté. par le tsar et par les générations futures. pouvoir retrouver la vue et épouser le chevalier. Volkhova avant qu’elle ne soit transformée en rivière. Dargomyjski écrivit son opéra Roussalka d’après L’opéra de Rimski-Korsakov Tsarskaya nevesta L’opéra de Borodine Le prince Igor est sciemment Devenu riche, Sadko peut rentrer retrouver sa femme. un poème de Pouchkine. Il fut créé à Saint-Pétersbourg (La fiancée du tsar) fut créé à Moscou en 1899. Son exotique ; il fut révisé et achevé par Rimski-Korsakov 1 L’Introduction évoque la mer tranquille, 2 tandis en 1856 et raconte l’histoire de Natacha, fille d’un intrigue, fictive, se déroule à l’époque d’Ivan le aidé du jeune Glazounov après le décès de son que Sadko entonne son Chant mélismatique alors qu’il meunier. Délaissée par le prince qui était son amant, elle Terrible. Marfa doit épouser le jeune aristocrate Ivan compositeur et créé à Saint-Pétersbourg en 1890. Le parcourt seul les rives du lac Ilmen dans la seconde se jette dans le Dniepr et devient reine des ondines. Le Sergeïevitch Lïkov, mais à cause des manigances de prince Igor et son fils Vladimir, captifs, doivent être scène de l’opéra, séduisant les cygnes ensorcelés. mariage du prince est troublé par une lamentation. l’oprichnik Griaznoy et de son ancienne maîtresse, et libérés, & mais Vladimir s’est épris de la fille de Piotr Ilitch Tchaïkovski représente une forme plus Douze ans plus tard, on voit souvent le prince sur les parce que le tsar a décidé de faire d’elle son épouse Kontchar Khan, chef des Polovtsiens qui les ont fait cosmopolite de nationalisme musical russe. Son opéra rives du Dniepr. 7 Dans un récitatif et un air, il évoque Marfa est empoisonnée et perd la raison. Lïkov finit par prisonniers ; il la rencontre en secret. ^ Au troisième Cherevichki (Les Chaussons) fut créé à Moscou en son bonheur passé avec Natacha. Le meunier éploré être exécuté et Griaznoy emprisonné. @ Dans son acte, le Polovtsien Gzak Khan revient au campement 1887. Il s’appuie sur son opéra antérieur Kuznets aborde le prince, mais les regrets de ce dernier arioso du premier acte, Lïkov décrit aux convives d’un avec des prisonniers russes au son d’une marche. Le Vakula (Vakula le forgeron) de 1876, tiré d’un récit de provoquent la colère du père de Natacha. 8 Au dernier banquet son merveilleux voyage en Allemagne. # Dans prince Igor sera libéré, laissant Vladimir avec l’élue de Gogol. La mère du forgeron Vakula, la sorcière acte de l’opéra, la danse des rusalki, les ondines son air du troisième acte, inséré après la création de son cœur. Solokha, aide le diable à s’emparer de la lune et cache dansent. Natacha a eu une fille du prince et s’apprête à l’opéra à la demande du chanteur Sékar-Rozhanski, trois sommités du village dans des sacs que Vakula met quitter son palais sous-marin pour le lui dire, mais le Lïkov est soulagé d’apprendre que le tsar n’a Keith Anderson dehors. Sa chère Oxana le taquine, lui demandant les prince se noie en voulant rejoindre son premier amour. apparemment pas choisi Marfa, mais sa joie est de chaussons de la Tsaritsa en échange de sa main. Vakula 8 La danse des gitanes prend lieu au deuxième acte. courte durée, car il apprend que Marfa, victime du soi- Version française : David Ylla-Somers 8.554844 10 11 8.554844 554844 bk Grishko2 EC 5|12|02 3:29 PM Page 12

Nikolay Andreyevich RIMSKY-KORSAKOV angeblichem Liebestrank, den die eifersüchtige Jolanthe lösen. % Vaudémont (in einer für den lyrisch- (1844-1908) Ljubascha unbemerkt mit einem Gift vertauscht hat, dramatischen Tenor Nikolai Figner hinzukomponierten nun doch zur Zarenbraut erkoren worden ist. Romanze) erklärt seinen Wunsch nach einer Frau von Sadko $ Tschaikowskis Orleanskaja Dewa (Die Jungfrau vollkommener Reinheit. Als sie Jolanthe schlafend im von Orleans), auf ein Libretto nach Friedrich Schiller Garten gewahren, verliebt sich Vaudémont auf der 1 Introduction und anderen Quellen, wurde 1881 in St. Petersburg Stelle in sie. Jolanthe wird von ihrer Blindheit geheilt uraufgeführt. Die Handlung ist frei erfunden nach der und glücklich mit Vaudémont vereint. 2 Sadko’s melismatic song Geschichte der Jeanne d’Arc, wobei ein für die Ein ausgesprochen exotisches Element Ah, you dark oak grove! (Tableau 2). Dramaturgie notwendiges Element menschlicher kennzeichnet Alexander Borodins unvollendete, von Schwäche in Johannas flüchtiger Liebe zu dem Rimski-Korsakow und dem jungen Glasunow nach dem Oy, tï tyomnaya dubravushka! Ah, you dark oak grove! burgundischen Ritter Lionel hinzugefügt wurde. Doch Tod des Komponisten revidierte und ergänzte Oper Rasstupis’, day mnye dorozhen’ku. Part and make way for me. ihre göttliche Berufung obsiegt, und die Oper endet mit Fürst Igor, uraufgeführt 1890 in St. Petersburg. Fürst Skvoz’ tuman, slezu goryuchuyu, Through the mist and my burning tears, ihrem Tod. Der Entr’acte zwischen dem ersten und Igor und sein Sohn Wladimir werden von den Ya nye vizhu sveta belovo. I can’t see the broad light of day. zweiten Akt ist ein Echo ihrer Dankbarkeit anläßlich der heidnischen Polowzern ergriffen, doch von ihrem Vskolïkhnisya, tï trost’-derevo, Stir, you woody reeds, Nachricht vom Tode des englischen Befehlshabers Anführer, Khan Kontschak, in ehrenvoller razbudi-ka Il’men-ozero! and awaken Lake Ilmen! Salisbury. Gefangenschaft gehalten. Man einigt sich schließlich Lyudyam stali uzh nye nadobnï People no longer need Tschaikowskis Oper Iolanta (Jolanthe) wurde darauf, Igor und seinen Sohn freizulassen. & Wladimir Moi gusel’ki yarovchatï. my spirited gusli. zusammen mit seinem neuen Ballett Nussknacker 1892 aber hat sich in die Tochter des Khans verliebt, mit der Slushay tï, volna zïbuchaya! Hear, you rippling wave! in St. Petersburg uraufgeführt. Das Libretto, nach einer er sich heimlich trifft. ^ Im dritten Akt kehrt der tï, razdol’itse shirokoye! you wide expanses, Erzählung des dänischen Schriftstellers Henrik Hertz, Polowzer Khan Gsak mit russischen Gefangenen zu den pro moyu li uchast’ gor’kuyu, of my bitter fate and verfasste Tschaikowskis Bruder Modest. Im Klängen eines Marschs ins Lager zurück. Als Igor da pro dumushku zavetnuyu. my secret thought. Mittelpunkt der Handlung steht die blinde Jolanthe, erfährt, dass sein Heimatort geplündert wurde, ergreift Tochter des Königs René. Sie weiß nichts von ihrer er mit seinem Sohn die Flucht. Wladimir wird gefangen Blindheit, da der König verboten hat, es ihr zu sagen. genommen, aber Kontschak beweist seine Großmut und TCHAIKOVSKY Ein maurischer Arzt teilt ihm mit, das das Mädchen nur gibt dem russischen Fürstensohn seine Tochter zur The Slippers (Cherevichki) geheilt werden könne, wenn sie von ihrem Geschick Frau. wisse. Vaudémont, ein burgundischer Ritter, und Keith Anderson 3 Danse des Cosaques Robert, Herzog von Burgund, verirren sich in den königlichen Gärten. Robert will seine Verlobung mit Deutsche Fassung: Bernd Delfs 4 Vakula’s arioso-song Does your heart, not hear my terrible grief? (Act III)

Slïshit li, devitsa, serdtse tvoyo Does your heart, maiden, not hear lyutoye goryushko, gorye moyo? my terrible grief? Snitsya l’, golubka, tebye khot’ vo snye, Does my darling not even in her dreams see how I kak ya tomlyusya, goryu, kak v ognye? pine and how I am consumed in a fire of passion? Mochi nyet boleye, dusha propaday! I have no strength left, let my soul be damned! Serdtse devchino, You maiden’s heart, Oksana, proshchay! Oksana, farewell!

Starïy guslyar pesnyu-dumku spoyot, The old gusli player will sing a song po Ukrainye rodnoy ponesyot; and it will resound throughout our native Ukraine;

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Gemeinschaft verstoßen. Ruslan und Ljudmila. skazhet, kak zharko tebya ya lyubil, it will tell how passionately I loved you, Alexander Dargomyshski entwarf das Libretto Glinkas heroische Tragödie Ein Leben für den kak za lyubov’ svoyu ya dushu sgubil! and how for love I damned my soul! seines Hauptwerks Rusalka nach einem dramatischen Zaren, 1836 in St. Petersburg uraufgeführt, bringt Mochi nyet boleye, dusha propaday! I have no strength left, let my soul be damned! Gedicht von Puschkin. Die Oper, 1856 in St. Petersburg erstmals russische Menschen aus den unteren Schichten Serdtse devchino, Your maiden’s heart, uraufgeführt, erzählt die Geschichte der Müllerstochter auf die Bühne. Die Handlung spielt im Jahr 1613 – nach Oksana, proshchay! Oksana, farewell! Natascha, die – von ihrem Liebhaber, dem jungen dem mit polnischer Hilfe vom „falschen Dmitri“ Fürsten, verlassen – in den Dnjepr-Fluss geht, um herbeigeführten Sturz Boris Godunows – und handelt Königin der Wassernixen (rusalki), zu werden. In die von der Heldentat des Bauern Iwan Sussanin. 0 Im Sergey RACHMANINOV (1873-1943) Hochzeitsfeier des Fürsten mit seiner neuen Braut zweiten Akt der Oper gibt der Anführer der Polen, die mischt sich der Klang einer klagenden Stimme. Zwölf erneut in Russland eingedrungen sind, ein Fest, bei dem Aleko Jahre später: Den Fürsten zieht es immer wieder ans eine Polonaise und ein Krakowiak getanzt werden. Ufer des Flusses. 7 In seiner Szene und Arie gedenkt er Durch eine List gelingt es Sussanin, die polnischen 5 Men’s dance der unbeschwerten Jugendzeit mit Natascha. Trauernd Eindringlinge, die den neuen Zaren Michail Romanow nähert sich ihm der Müller. Der Fürst bedauert ihn, ermorden wollen, in einem verschneiten Walddickicht 6 Young Gypsy’s romance erregt jedoch nur seine Wut. Im letzten Akt der Oper aufzuhalten, was dem dem jungen Zaren die Flucht See, beneath yon firmament (off-stage) tanzen die rusalki. Natascha lebt in ihrem ermöglicht. ! Im vierten Akt führt Sobinin, der Wasserschloss mit ihrer Tochter, der sie das Sussanins Tochter heiraten soll, bei Nacht eine Gruppe Vzglyani: pod otdalyonnïm svodom See, beneath yon firmament Versprechen abnimmt, dem Fürsten am Ufer von Bauern in den Wald. Sussanin gelingt es, dem gulyayet vol’naya luna; the free moon is roving; aufzulauern und ihm ihre Herkunft zu entdecken. In der Zaren das Leben zu retten, kommt dabei aber selbst ums na vsyu prirodu mimokhodom over all of nature, as she passes, letzten Szene müssen die Fürstin und ihre Vertraute mit Leben. Der Zar gedenkt seines Heldenmuts, und auch ravno siyan’ye l’yot ona. she floods her light in equal measure. ansehen, wie der Fürst in den Fluss springt, um mit folgende halten die Erinnerung an Sussanin wach. Kto v nebye mesto yey ukazhet, Who will show her her place in the heavens, seiner ersten Liebe vereint zu werden. 8 Der Rimski-Korsakows Oper Zarskaja Newesta (Die promolvya: tam ostanovis’! saying: halt there! Zigeunertanz ist ans dem zweiten Akt. Zarenbraut) wurde 1899, wie zuvor bereits Sadko, von Kto serdtsu yunoy dyevï skazhet: Who will say to the heart of a young girl: Der erste der russisch-nationalen Komponisten war Marmontows privater russischer Operngesellschaft lyubi odno, nye izmenis’! love one thing, don’t betray it! Michail Glinka, ein älterer Zeitgenosse Dargomyshskis. uraufgeführt. Die fiktive Handlung spielt zur Zeit Iwans Kto v nebye mesto yey ukazhet, Who will show her her place in the heavens, Seine Zauberoper Ruslan und Ljudmila, die 1842 in St. des Schrecklichen. Die Kaufmannstochter Marfa soll promolvya: tam ostanovis’! saying: halt there! Petersburg zur Uraufführung kam, basiert auf Puschkins den jungen Bojaren Iwan Sergejewitsch Lykow Kto serdtsu yunoy dyevï skazhet: Who will say to the heart of a young girl: gleichnamigem Poem. Ljudmila ist die Tochter des heiraten, doch die Absichten, die sowohl der Zar als nye izmenis’, lyubi odno! love one thing, don’t betray it! Großfürsten von Kiew. Sie hat sich von drei Freiern für auch der Opritschnik Grjasnoi auf sie haben, führen Ruslan entschieden. Während die Gäste sie zu ihrer nach einer Reihe von Verwicklungen und durch Zutun Wahl beglückwünschen, ertönt ein gewaltiger der von Grjasnoi verlassenen Ljubascha zu einem Alexander Sergeyevich DARGOMÏZHSKY Donnerschlag, und Ljudmila wird von dem Zauberer Giftanschlag auf Marfa, die dem Wahnsinn verfällt, (1813-1869) Tschernomor entführt. Ruslan und die beiden anderen sowie zur Exekution Lykows und zur Festnahme Freier, Farlaw und Ratmir, nehmen die Verfolgung auf. Grjasnois. @ In seinem Arioso aus dem ersten Akt Rusalka Der Großfürst verspricht, seine Tochter demjenigen zur berichtet Lykow bei einer Gesellschaft im Hause Frau zu geben, der sie zurückbringt. Schließlich gelingt Grjasnois von seinen herrlichen Reiseeindrücken aus 7 Prince’s cavatina es Farlaw, Ljudmila zu ergreifen, doch er wird von Deutschland. # In seiner (auf Wunsch des Sängers Involuntarily I am drawn (Act III) Ruslan mit der Hilfe Ratmirs überwältigt. In der Sekar-Roschanski nach der Premiere für den dritten Akt Zauberhandlung dieser Oper ist die ganze Exotik hinzukomponierten) Arie ist Lykow erleichtert, dass die Nevol’no k etim grustnïm beregam Involuntarily I am drawn to these mournful banks eingefangen, die zu einem Kennzeichen der russischen Wahl des Zaren scheinbar doch nicht auf Marfa gefallen menya vlechot nevedomaya sila; By an unknown force; Musik werden sollte. 9 Im ersten Akt besingt der Barde ist; seine Freude ist jedoch von kurzer Dauer, als er znakomïye, pechal’nïye mesta! such familiar and yet sad places! Bajan die zukünftigen Prüfungen und die Liebe von erfährt, dass Marfa nach der Einnahme von Grjasnows Ya uznayu okrestnïye predmetï: I recognise the objects around me:

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Vladimir Grishko vot, vot mel’nitsa: ona uzh razvalilas’, there’s the mill; it is already in ruins,the merry vesyolïy shum kolyos yeyo umolknul. sound of its wheels have already fallen silent. Russische Opernarien, Folge 2 Akh, vidno, umer i starik! Ah, it’s clear that the old man has died too! Doch’ bednuyu oplakival on dolgo! For a long time he grieved for his poor daughter! Das neunzehnte Jahrhundert erlebte die Blüte des Nationalmusik. Seine Oper Tscherewitschki (Die A vot i dub zavetnïy! And there is the cherished oak! nationalen Elements in der russischen Kunst, vor allem Pantöffelchen) wurde 1887 in Moskau uraufgeführt. Sie Zdes’, zdes’ ona, obnyav menya, There, there she embraced me, in der Oper, die es den Komponisten gestattete, sich ist die Bearbeitung seiner 1876 nach Gogols Erzählung ponikla i umolkla! went limp and fell silent! russischen Stoffen mit einer Musik zu nähern, deren Weihnachtsabend entstandenen Oper Kusnez Wakula Mnye vsyo zdes’ na pamyat’ privodit bïloye Everything here brings to mind Wurzeln in nationalen Traditionen lagen. Innerhalb der (Wakula, der Schmied). Die Mutter Wakulas, die Hexe i yunosti krasnoy privol’nïye dni. the past and the free days of my radiant youth. Gruppe von fünf zeitgenössischen Solocha, hilft dem Teufel beim Raub des Mondes. Ein Zdes’, pomnyu, nekogda menya vstrechala I remember it was here that the free love Nationalkomponisten, deren Mentor Wladimir Stassow ehrwürdiger Dorfbewohner nach dem anderen erscheint svobodnovo svobodnaya lyubov’! of a free man greeted me once! ihr den Namen „Das mächtige Häuflein“ gab, erlangte in Solochas Haus und wird dort in Säcken versteckt, die Zdes’ serdtse vpervïye blazhenstvo uznalo. Here my heart learned bliss for the first time. Nikolaj Rimsky-Korsakow eine führende Position, Wakula bei seiner Heimkehr nach draußen trägt. Seine Uvï, nenadolgo nam schast’ye dano! Alas, happiness is not given to us for long! indem er sein Können nicht nur der eigenen Musik Geliebte Oxana neckt ihn und verlangt für sich die Proshli nevozvratno dni radostey svetlïkh, Those days of radiant joy have passed for ever, nutzbar machte, sondern auch den Revisionen von Schuhe der Zarewna, wenn sie ihn heiraten soll. Wakula tyazholoye gorye na serdtse leglo! and my heart is filled with a grievous sorrow! Werken seiner Kollegen Mussorgsky und Borodin nach will sich das Leben nehmen und ist bereit, sich zu Nye sam li, bezumets, ya schast’ye utratil! You fool, was it not you yourself who squandered deren relativ frühzeitigem Tod. ertränken. 4 Er beklagt sein Los, während er den (A bïlo tak blizko, vozmozhno ono!) your happiness! Rimski-Korsakows sechste Oper, Sadko, wurde letzten Sack hinausschleppt, aus dem plötzlich der Mnye vsyo zdes’ na pamyat’ privodit bïloye Everything here brings to mind 1896 vollendet und zwei Jahre später in Moskau Teufel hervorkommt, den er nun zwingt, ihm bei i yunosti krasnoy privol’nïye dni. the past and the free days of my radiant youth. uraufgeführt. Das vom Komponisten selbst verfasste seinem Plan zu helfen. 3 Im Palast tanzt eine Gruppe Zdes’, pomnyu, nekogda menya vstrechala I remember it was here that the free love Libretto basiert auf traditionellen Heldenliedern und Kosaken, die auf eine Audienz wartet, zur Unterhaltung svobodnovo svobodnaya lyubov’! of a free man greeted me once! beginnt in der Stadt Nowgorod. Sadko, ein Guslispieler des Hofes. Wakulas außergewöhnlichem Ansinnen Vot zdes’, v etoy roshchye, schastlivïy Here in this copse, made happy by love, und Sänger, macht sich mit seiner Idee, er wolle eine wird entsprochen. Der Teufel begleitet ihn heim, wo er lyubov’yu, zabotï i gorye, i vsyo zabïval ya. my cares and my grief, I forgot them all. eigene Flotte ausrüsten, um die Weltmeere zu befahren, nun Oxana zu heiraten gedenkt. Mnye vsyo zdes’ na pamyat’ privodit bïloye Everything here brings to mind zum Spott der Kaufmannschaft. Er verlässt die Stadt Aleko, eine auf Alexander Puschkin basierende i yunosti krasnoy privol’nïye dni. the past and the free days of my radiant youth. und begibt sich ans Ufer des Ilmensees; dort verwandelt Handlung, war die Standard-Examensaufgabe für sich eine Schar weißer Schwäne vor seinen Augen in Arenskis Kompositionsschüler am Moskauer 8 Gypsy Dance verlockende Wassernixen. Die Prinzessin Wolchowa, Konservatorium im Jahre 1892. Sergej Rachmaninow Tochter des Meeresfürsten, prophezeit ihm, dass er drei sicherte sich mit seiner Vertonung die Goldmedaille, goldene Fische fangen werde, mit deren Hilfe er, nach die Veröffentlichung des Werks und, 1893, die Mikhail Ivanovich GLINKA (1804-1857) durchstandenen Abenteuern, reich und glücklich sein Aufführung am Bolschoi-Theater. Aleko hat die werde. Zu diesen Abenteuern zählt der Besuch im Reich Gesellschaft verlassen und bei den Zigeunern ein neues Ruslan and Lyudmila des Meeresfürsten und die Heirat mit der Prinzessin, die Zuhause gefunden. Dort lebt er zusammen mit Zemfira, schließlich in den Fluss Wolchow verwandelt wird, der der Mutter seines Kindes. Ihr alter Vater erzählt die 9 Bayan’s song ihn immer begleiten wird. Sadko kehrt nach langer traurige Geschichte vom Verlust seiner eigenen Frau, There is a deserted land (Act I) Trennung als reicher Mann zu seiner Frau zurück. die mit einem anderen Mann davonlief. 5 Als sich nach 1 Die Introduktion beschreibt das Wogen des Meeres. einem Tanz der Zigeuner alles zur Ruhe begibt, Yest’ pustïnnïy kray, There is a deserted land, 2 In der zweiten Szene singt Sadko sein verabredet sich Zemfira mit einem jungen Burschen, in bezotradnïy breg, a joyless shore, Melismatisches Lied, während er am Ufer des Ilmensees den sie sich verliebt hat. Doch sie entdeckt Aleko ihre tam na polnochi daleko. there far off in the north. wandert, wo die Schwäne von seinem Gesang angelockt Gefühle, der nun auf Rache sinnt. 6 Der junge Solntse letnyeye na dolinï tam The summer sun gazes down werden. Zigeunerbursche, jetzt mit Zemfira vereint, singt von skvoz’ tuman glyadit bez luchey. on the valleys there without rays. Der Name Pjotr Iljitsch Tschaikowski steht für eine seiner Liebe. Als sie fliehen wollen, werden sie von No veka proydut, i na bednïy kray But the centuries shall pass eher kosmopolitische Ausprägung der russischen Aleko überrascht, der beide tötet. Aleko wird aus der

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During his time in Brisbane, Kuchar’s activities ranged from initiating a three-year project devoted to dolya divnaya nizoydyot. and a wondrous fate performing the complete symphonies of Mozart and to conducting Australian premières of works by Prokofiev, Tam mladoy pevets shall befall that barren sport. Schnittke and Shostakovich. In 1989 he was awarded a bronze medal by the Finnish Government in recognition of v slavu rodinï, There a young singer will start to sing his work in performing and promoting that country’s music, both in Finland and abroad. na zlatïkh strunakh zapoyot, upon his golden strings in honour of his country, Although restricted somewhat by conducting activities, Theodore Kuchar continues to devote large slices of i Lyudmilu nam s yeya vityazyem and he will save our Lyudmila and her knight his time annually to one of his most serious passions, the performance of chamber music. In 1994, for example, he ot zabveniya sokhranit. from oblivion. played with colleagues Oleg Krysa and Alexander Ivashkin at the world première of Penderecki’s String Trio in No nedolog srok na zemlye pevtsu, The singer has but a few years upon this earth, New York. In July 1999, he also appeared as violist in two recordings for the Naxos label, in works by Alfred no nedolog srok na zemlye. few years upon this earth. Schnittke (with Irena Schnittke and Mark Lubotsky) and Walter Piston. Vsye bessmertnïye v nebesakh. All those who gain immortality are in the Kuchar remains as strong an advocate of composers of the present day as he does of the great composers of the heavens. past. In recent seasons, he has conducted works, in the presence of the composers, by Leslie Bassett, George Mikhail Ivanovich GLINKA (1804-1857) Crumb, Sofia Gubaidulina, Giya Kancheli, Benjamin Lees, Alfred Schnittke and Yehven Stankovytch. Under Mr. Kuchar’s direction, the National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine has become one of the most frequently recorded A Life for the Tsar orchestras of the former Soviet Union. For Marco Polo, Theodore Kuchar has conducted the orchestra in highly praised recordings of the symphonies 0 Krakowiak of Yevhen Stankovytch and Boris Lyatoshynsky (“Kuchar’s reading seems to penetrate to the heart of the score.” - American Record Guide). ! Sobinin’s aria For Naxos, Kuchar and his Ukraine orchestra have committed to disc ballet music, works for cello and Brothers. Into the snowstorm! (Act IV) orchestra as well as the complete symphonies of Prokofiev. Kuchar has also recorded ballet music by Rodion Shchedrin, film music by Shostakovich and superb renderings of the hyper-romantic symphonies of Kalinnikov. In Bratsï! V metel’, v nevedomoy glushi Brothers. Into the snowstorm! the American Classics series for Naxos, Kuchar has recorded the Fourth Symphony of Benjamin Lees, light music mï srazu nye mogli dobrat’sya do vraga! In unfamiliar backwoods by Morton Gould, symphonies by George Antheil and Paul Creston together with the violin concertos of Walter Shto nam metel’, lesnaya glubina, we could not reach the enemy at once. Piston, the latter becoming a Gramophone magazine Editor’s Choice, one of the most coveted accolades currently besput’ye, trud, i khlad nochnoy? What to us is the snowstorm, awarded in the classical recording industry. Nye unïvaytye, bratsï! what to us are these forest depths, Nye ustupaytye v’yugye, this pathless terrain, the toiling i trudnomu besput’yu. and the chill of night? Ukrainian State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra Svoyo voz’myom. Do not be downcast, brothers, Mï stoykost’yu russkoy do not yield to the storm The Ukrainian State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra was founded in 1929 in Kiev, under the direction i nepreklonnïm dukhom and to the pathless terrain. of M.Kanershtein and for many years was conducted by V. Gnedash. The orchestra has done much to preserve the vsyu trudnost’ perelomim. We shall triumph, musical traditions of Ukraine and Eastern Europe in general, with an archive that includes more than ten thousand Ottsa naydyom! we shall overcome all difficulties recordings of orchestral works. Under Vladimir Sirenko the orchestra has made a number of compact disc Zhdyot nevesta krasnaya, with our Russian fortitude recordings and film soundtracks. svetik dlya tebya, and our resolute spirit. mï naydyom ottsa, dostavim domoy. We shall find her father. Ot tebya ya, dorogaya, My fair bride is waiting, Vladimir Sirenko zhdu nagradï, my darling bride, for your sake i lyubovnoy laski zhdu. we shall find your father Vladimir Sirenko has been compared by the international press to brilliant conductors such as Esa-Pekka Salonen Vzglyanesh’ krasnïm solnïshkom, and we shall bring him home. and Simon Rattle. He was born in the Poltava region of Ukraine on 1st November 1960 and studied conducting at k pamyati sletit v’yuga, From you, my beloved, the Tchaikovsky Conservatory, winning the International Conducting Competition in Prague in 1990. Since 1991 trud i boy proglyanet lyubov’, I await my reward, he has served as the Music Director of the Ukrainian State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra. At the same Bratsï, poydyom! I await a loving embrace! time he has appeared as a guest conductor with many orchestras in Europe and the United States. Dokonchim chestnïy trud Your glance will be like bright sunshine,

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i lyakhu nye dadim nad nami smekh tvorit’! and the snowstorm, the toiling National Symphony Orchestra Of Ukraine Put’ nam vperyod, nam lyudi vmenyat’ v stïd and the fighting will be only a memory. kol’ bez ottsa domoy pridyom. Love will come shining through. The National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine (formerly the Ukrainian State Symphony Orchestra) is one of the Otets v nuzhdye velikoy, Brothers, let’s go, best known symphony orchestras from the former USSR. Formed in 1918, the orchestra played an important role na nas yevo nadezhda let us finish this honourable task, in the development of Ukrainian national music but, in addition, always held its own in the world repertoire. The i sled li nam ostavit’ yevo v nuzhdye? and not allow the Poles to make fun of us! orchestra has been conducted by, amongst others, Mravinsky, Svetlanov, Rozhdestvensky, Ivanov, Stokowski, Nayti ottsa velit nam chest’ svyataya, Our road lies ahead, Ferrero, Masur, Abbado and Jansons. Nathan Rakhlin was the leading conductor of the orchestra for 25 years. At i lyakha kaznit’ za smekh nad nami. people will make us ashamed present the Creative Director and Principal Conductor of the National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine is Vladimir Poydyom, poydyom druz’ya! if we arrive home without her father. Sirenko. The Conductor Laureate is Theodore Kuchar. Distinguished soloists who have collaborated with the Poydom! Her father is in dire need, Orchestra include Emil Gilels, Yehudi Menuhin, Isaac Stern, David Oistrakh, Igor Oistrakh, Mstislav his hope lies with us, Rostropovich, Montserrat Caballé and José Carreras. The orchestra was trusted with première performances of and should we abandon him works by Aram Khachaturian, Boris Lyatoshynsky, Sergey Prokofiev, Dmitry Shostakovich, Giya Kancheli, when he is in need? Valentin Sylvestrov and Yehven Stankovytch, and has always been and continues to be a creative “laboratory” for Sacred honour commands us to find her father Ukrainian composers, conductors and soloists. The orchestra has toured to great acclaim in numerous countries and strike down the Poles for making fun of us. such as Australia, Hong Kong, Spain, France, Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Germany, Belgium and, in Lets go, let’s go, my friends. 1997, the United Kingdom, always delighting both its public and the specialised press, so much so that in the UK Let’s go! it was frequently compared to the Russian National Orchestra. Since late 1993, the orchestra, conducted by the then principal conductor Theodore Kuchar, has been extremely active in recording and has proved to be an Nikolay Andreyevich RIMSKY-KORSAKOV ensemble especially prized for its brass section. For Naxos, the orchestra has recorded symphonies and a good deal (1844-1908) of the important orchestral music by Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Kalinnikov, Stankovytch, Ippolitov-Ivanov, Havergal Brian and Martinu˚ together with a growing number of works by United States composers for the Naxos The Tsar’s Bride American Classics series including music by Piston, Gould, Antheil, Creston, McKay, Lees, Hadley and Carpenter. @ Lïkov’s arioso It is all different (Act I) Theodore Kuchar Inoye vsyo, i lyudi i zemlya, It is all different, the people and the land. zima u nikh nedolgo, Their winters are not long, “Kuchar leads his musicians in performances of transfiguring devotedness, involvement and clarification.” a morozov bol’shikh i nye slïkhat’; and bitter frosts are unheard of; Fanfare review of Theodore Kuchar conducting Stankovytch’s Symphonies on Marco Polo. zato uzh leto tam khorosho. but then, the summers there are good. Theodore Kuchar (born 1960) was appointed Artistic Director and Principal conductor of the National A gorï tam takiye vïsokiye, The mountains are so high Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine in 1994, in a contract running to 1999. Upon completion of that agreement, he shto glazom nye okinyesh’; that the eye cannot take them in at a glance, was awarded the title of Conductor Laureate for Life. Trained as a violinist and later a violist, Kuchar graduated tak v nebo i ukhodyat golovami. and their summits disappear into the skies. from the Cleveland Institute of Music and served as principal violist of orchestras in Cleveland and Helsinki. A goroda u nikh bol’shiye, prebol’shiye, Their towns are large, quite huge, Subsequently he appeared as soloist and chamber musician in Australia, Europe, the UK, the USA and the former i vsyo iz kamnya slozheno. and they are all built of stone. The houses USSR, as well as at such major festivals as Edinburgh and Tanglewood. Povsyudu v domakh ubranstvo chudnoye, everywhere are wonderfully furnished, In 1980, Mr. Kuchar was awarded the Paul Fromm Fellowship by the Boston Symphony Orchestra to i styokla tsvetnïye vsyo, all with coloured glass, and the rooms undertake advanced study and performance at Tanglewood, where he worked with Leonard Bernstein, Colin i komnatï obitï tsvetnïm suknom. are upholstered in coloured cloth. Davis, Seiji Ozawa and Andre Previn, and in Cleveland where he worked under the guidance of Lorin Maazel. A sami nemtsï khodyat bogato, The foreigners walk about in rich clothes, Subsequently, he appeared as a guest conductor with symphony orchestras of Brisbane, Cape Town, Helsinki, i zhon naryadno vodyat, accompanying their wives elegantly; Perth and Prague among many cities around the world. Soon after his Australian début in 1987, Mr. Kuchar was i vzaperti nye derzhat, kak u nas. they don’t keep them locked up like us. appointed Musical Director of the Queensland Philharmonic Orchestra in Brisbane while also serving as Music Vo vsyom u nikh poryadok obraztsovïy, They have exemplary order in everything, Director of the West Australian Ballet in Perth until 1993.

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in a Romance added for the lyric-dramatic tenor the Polovtsians and entertained by their leader, Khan terpeniye, dosuzhestvo v rabotakh, patience, and a capacity for their work, Nikolay Figner, declares his intention to find a woman Konchak. It is eventually arranged that Igor and his son i rven’ye neusïpnoye k trudam. as well as an indefatigable zeal in their labours. of complete purity. They find Iolanta sleeping in the shall be released, & but Vladimir is now in love with garden, and Vaudémont falls at once in love with her. the Khan’s daughter, whom he meets in secret. ^ In the She is now to be cured of her blindness and united in third act the Polovtsian Khan Gzak returns to the # Lïkov’s aria happiness with Vaudémont. encampment with Russian prisoners, to the sound of a The thundercloud has scurried past (Act III) There is a clearly exotic element in Borodin’s opera march. Prince Igor, now persuaded to an agreement, is Prince Igor, originally revised and completed by set free, leaving Vladimir with his chosen bride. Tucha nenastnaya mimo promchalasya, The thundercloud has scurried past, Rimsky-Korsakov and the young Glazunov after solnïshko snova nad nami vzoshlo. the sun has risen high above us again. Borodin’s death, and first given in St Petersburg in Mnye vozvratili tebya, nyenaglyadnaya, You have been returned to me, my beloved, 1890. Prince Igor and his son Vladimir are captured by Keith Anderson dolya schastlivaya snova nas zhdyot. a happy fate again awaits us. Stanu tebya ya i khodit’ i nezhit’, I shall tend for you and caress you, stanu leleyat’ golubku moyu. I shall cherish my sweet dove, Tyoploy zabotoyu, laskoy lyubovnuyu with tender concern and an embrace of love. budem drug drugu mï zhizn’ uslazhdat’. We shall fill each other’s days with delight. Kak ya boyalsya-to, kak ya trevozhilsya! What fear and alarm I felt! No ponemnogu utikhla pechal’. But little by little my sorrow has faded, Tucha nenastnaya mimo promchalasya, the thundercloud has scurried past, solnïshko snova nad nami vzoshlo. the sun has risen high above us again.

Pyotr Il’yich TCHAIKOVSKY (1840-1893)

The Maid of Orleans

$ Entr’acte (Act II) Vladimir Grishko Pyotr Il’yich TCHAIKOVSKY (1840-1893) The gifted Ukrainian tenor Vladimir Grishko has received critical acclaim for his brilliant performances around the globe, with a notable début at the New York Metropolitan Opera as Rodolfo in La Bohème and Iolanta powerful performances in Borodin’s Prince Igor. His international career has continued with major rôles in Italian, Russian and French operatic repertoire in leading opera houses in America, Europe and with the Kirov % Vaudémont’s romance Opera in St Petersburg. His recordings include Tchaikovsky’s The Snow Maiden with the Detroit Symphony The charms of a feisty beauty’s embraces Orchestra, in addition to several solo recordings of Italian arias, Russian and Ukrainian folk-song, and Italian and Spanish songs. He won the Placido Domingo Grand Prize and Best Tenor award at the 1989 Vinas Vocal Nyet! Charï lask krasï myatezhnoy No! The charms of a feisty beauty’s embraces Competition, and the Grand Prize in the Concours International de Chant in Toulouse, France. Born into a family mnye nichevo nye govoryat, say nothing to me, of musicians and soldiers, Vladimir Grishko often sang on radio and television as a child in Kiev. He studied at the vo mnye nye budit strasti nezhnoy the languorous look that summons us to bliss Glière Kiev State Music Conservatory with Vladimir Zaporoshtev, and went on to graduate from the Tchaikovsky prizïva k negye tomnoy vzglyad… does not awaken tender passion within me … Kiev State Conservatory doctoral programme while studying with Zoya Khristich. He is a Knight of the Order of Nyet! Pogruzhena v pokoy polnochnïy, No, immersed in its midnight rest, the Saint Prince Volodimir. Vladimir Grishko is also a leading soloist with the Kirov Opera at the Mariinsky lyubov’ vo mnye, mechtaya, spit… my love slumbers in dreams… Theatre in St Petersburg under the leadership of Valery Gergiev. Yey snitsya angel neporochnïy, It dreams of a chaste angel,

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nebyesnïy, krotkiy, chudnïy vid… a heavenly, gentle, wondrous vision… and aria he remembers his past happiness with Natasha. Rimsky-Korsakov’s opera Tsarskaya nevesta (The Oblik devstvennoy bogini, It sees the features of a virgin goddess, The miller, now mad in his grief, approaches the Prince, Tsar’s Bride) had its first performance in Moscow in velichavoy krasotï, of majestic beauty, who is sorry for him, but arouses the man’s anger. In the 1899, staged, like the earlier Sadko, by the Mamontov s vzorom polnïm blagostïni, with a look full of mercy, final act of the opera the rusalki dance. Natasha is in her Private Russian Opera Company. Set in the time of Ivan kheruvimskoy dobrotï. and cherubic goodness… palace under the water, with her daughter, ready to tell the Terrible, its plot is fictional. Marfa is to marry the Gost’ selen’ya nyezemnovo, She is a visitor from a place not of this earth, the Prince about herself and her mother. In the last young nobleman Ivan Sergeyevich Lïkov, but the snega veshnego svetley, more radiant than the snows of spring, scene the Princess and her confidante are unable to designs of the oprichnik Gryaznoy and the Tsar’s choice chishche landïsha lesnovo, purer than the forest lily-of-the-valley, prevent the Prince leaping into the water, there to rejoin of Marfa as his bride, coupled with the machinations of krashe lilii poley – and fairer than the lily of the fields. his first love. 8 The Gypsy Dance is taken from the Gryaznoy’s discarded mistress Lyubasha, lead to the vot chevo ya zhdu i zhazhdu! That is what I wait and thirst for! second act. poisoning of Marfa, who goes out of her mind, the O, pridi, svetlïy angel, istochnik lyubvi, O come, radiant angel, fount of love, The first of the nationalist composers was Mikhail execution of Lïkov and the imprisonment of Gryaznoy. serdtsa tayniye strunï sogrey, ozhivi! warm and enliven the secret strings of my heart! Glinka, an older contemporary of Dargomïzhsky. His @ In his Act I arioso Lïkov describes to the company, Iz-za tayushchikh tuch, From behind the melting clouds, Ruslan and Lyudmila, first heard in St Petersburg in at a banquet at Gryaznoy’s house, the marvellous things ozari, svetlïy luch, let your brilliant ray light up 1842, is based on a narrative poem by Pushkin. A magic he has seen during his travels in Germany. # In his Act sumrak pïlkoy dushi, the gloom of an ardent soul, opera, it follows the fate of Lyudmila, daughter of the III aria, an insertion at the request of the singer Sekar- o, speshi, speshi! make haste, make haste! Grand Prince of Kiev, betrothed to the knight Ruslan. Rozhansky after the first performance, Lïkov is relieved O, pridi, svetlïy angel, O come, radiant angel, She is abducted first by the evil sorcerer, the dwarf to hear that the Tsar’s choice has seemingly not fallen zhdu tebya, zhdu tebya! I await you, I await you! Chernomor, pursued by Ruslan, the Varangian prince on Marfa, his joy soon to be lost when news comes that Akh! Istomilos’ serdtse, Ah, my heart is languishing, Farlaf and the Khazar prince Ratmir, intent on rescuing Marfa, now poisoned by Gryaznoy’s supposed love- zhdu ya, zhdu ya. I await you, I await you. her and winning her hand and territory from her father. potion, replaced by the jealous Lyubasha, is to be the Pospeshi, pospeshi! Make haste, make haste! Farlaf seizes her, but is finally defeated by Ruslan, with Tsar’s bride. O, pridi, o pridi! O come to me, come to me! the help of Ratmir. The story finds an obvious place for $ Based on the tragedy by Schiller and other Zhdu tebya, svetlïy angel, I awaite you, radient angel, the exoticism that became a feature of Russian music. works, Tchaikovsky’s Orleanskaya deva (The Maid of pridi, pridi! Come, come! 9 In the first act the bard Bayan sings of the future Orleans) was first mounted in St Petersburg in 1881. trials and the love of Ruslan and Lyudmila. The opera is an imaginative account of the career of Alexander Porfir’yevich BORODIN Glinka’s heroic tragedy A Life for the Tsar was the Joan of Arc, adding a necessary element of human (1833-1887) first nationalist Russian opera, staged in St Petersburg frailty in her momentary love for the Burgundian knight in 1836. Set in Russia and Poland in 1613, it centres on Lionel. Her divine vocation prevails and the opera ends Prince Igor the heroic exploits of Ivan Susanin in the aftermath of with her death. The entr’acte between the first and the defeat of Boris Godunov by the so-called false second acts echoes her hymn of thanksgiving at news of ^ Polovtsian March (Act III) Dmitry, with Polish support. 0 The second act of the the death of the English commander, Salisbury. opera features a ball given by the leader of the Polish Tchaikovsky’s opera Iolanta was first staged in St & Vladimir’s cavatina detachment, at which a polonaise and a krakowiak are Petersburg in 1892 together with the new ballet, Slowly the day was fading (Act II) danced. The peasant Susanin succeeds in diverting the Nutcracker. With a libretto by his brother Modest, Polish forces, in pursuit of the newly elected Tsar, based on a play by the Danish writer Henrik Hertz, the Medlenno den’ ugasal, solntse za lesom sadilos’, Slowly the day was fading, Mikhail Romanov, leading them astray until the young opera tells of Iolanta, the blind daughter of René, King zori vecherniye merkli, noch’ nadvigalas’ na zemlyu, the sun was setting beyond the forest, Tsar has been able to escape. ! In the fourth act of Provence. A Moorish physician advises the King that teni nochnïye chornïm pokrovom step’ zastilali. the glow of evening was growing dim, Sobinin, who is to marry Susanin’s daughter, leads a his daughter must be made aware of her plight before Tyoplaya yuzhnaya noch’! and night crept over the earth. band of peasants in the forest at night. Susanin is finally she can be cured. Vaudémont, a Burgundian knight, and Gryozï lyubvi navevaya, razlivaya negu v krovi, The shadows of night spread over the steppes successful in his protection of the Tsar, but is killed for Robert, Duke of Burgundy, find themselves lost in the zavyot k svidan’yu. like a black shroud... it, his heroism to be remembered by the Tsar and by garden of King René’s palace, the latter anxious to Zhdyosh’ li tï menya, moya milaya? The warm southern night, future generations. escape from his engagement to Iolanta. %Vaudémont,

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Vladimir Grishko Zhdyosh’ li? wafting dreams of love, Russian Opera Arias, Vol. 2 Chuyu serdtsem, shto zhdyosh’ tï menya. and pouring voluptuousness into the blood, Akh! Gdye tï, gdye? was made for lovers’ trysts. The nineteenth century saw the flowering of Russian moon. One after another village worthies call at Otzovis’ na zov lyubvi! Are you waiting for me, my darling? nationalism in the arts, above all in opera, where Solokha’s house in the dark, to be hidden in sacks, Akh, skoro-l’, skoro-li ya uvizhu tebya! Are you waiting? composers could explore essentially Russian subject which Vakula takes outside, when he returns home. Tï pridi skorey, skorey, My heart senses that you are waiting for me. matter together with music that had its roots in national His beloved Oxana teases him, demanding the na zov lyubvi otzovis’. Ah, where are you, where? Respond to my call tradition. Among the group of five contemporary Tsaritsa’s shoes, if she is to marry him. Vakula Vspomni: ya v toskye, grud’ gorit, of love! nationalist composers, described by their mentor, the contemplates suicide, ready to drown himself. 4 He ya zhdu, strastno zhdu ya tebya, lyubvi tvoyey! Ah, will it be soon, will it be soon that I shall polymath Vladimir Stasov as the Mighty Handful, laments his fate, as he carries the last sack, from which Bol’she zhizni ya lyublyu tebya! see you! Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov eventually the Devil suddenly emerges, and is forced by Vakula to Shto zh tï myedlish’, drug moy? Come soon, assumed a leading position, using his gradually help him in his quest. 3 In the palace a group of Vstan’, pridi ko mnye. Respond to my call of love! acquired technical knowledge both in his own music cossacks, seeking an audience, dance to entertain the Nye boysya, vse davno zasnuli, Remember: I am languishing, my breast is and in the revision of works by his colleagues company, and Vakula, granted his strange request, is krugom vsyo krepko spit, aflame, Mussorgsky and Borodin, after their relatively early transported home by the Devil, now to marry Oxana. vsyo mirno, tikho spit. I am waiting, waiting passionately deaths. Aleko, with a libretto derived from Pushkin, was a Akh! Gdye tï, gdye? for you and for your love! Rimsky-Korsakov’s sixth opera, Sadko, was set graduation text for Arensky’s composition pupils at Otzovis’ na zov lyubvi! I love you more than my life! completed in 1896 and first staged in Moscow two the Moscow Conservatory in 1892. Rachmaninov’s Akh, dozhdus’ li, dozhdus’ ya What detains you, my love? years later. The libretto by the composer was derived setting won him a gold medal and the highest laski nezhnoy tvoyey! Get up, come to me! from traditional heroic ballads and is set first in distinction, publication, and, in 1893, performance at Tï pridi, skorey, Do not be afraid, everyone fell asleep long ago, Novgorod. Sadko, a psaltery player and singer, offends the Bolshoy Theatre. Aleko has taken refuge from na zov lyubvi otzovis’! all around everyone is deep in slumber, the gathering of Novgorod merchants. Leaving them society to make his home with the gypsies, living with Pridi pod krovom tyomnoy nochi everyone is sleeping peacefully and calmly... he wanders by the shore of Lake Ilmen, where the the gypsy girl Zemfira, mother of his child. Her old kogda i lyes i vodï spyat, Ah, where are you, where? Respond to my call swans he sees on the lake are transformed into the father tells the sad story of the loss of his own wife, kogda lish’ zvyozdï, neba ochi, of love! daughters of the Sea King. He is rewarded by the Sea who ran away with another man. 5 The gypsies dance, odni na nas s toboy glyadyat. I cannot wait, I cannot wait for your tender King’s daughter, Princess Volkhova, who tells him he in an attempt to restore their spirits. While everyone is Krugom vsyo mirno, tikho spit, caress! will catch three golden fish, the source of his future asleep, Zemfira arranges to meet a young gypsy, with krepko spit. Come soon, success, after various adventures. These include a visit whom she is in love. She reveals her feelings to Aleko, Pridi! respond to my call of love! to the realm of the Sea King and marriage to Princess who meditates revenge. 6 The young gypsy is heard Come under cover of dark night Volkhova, before she is finally transformed into a river singing of his love, now consummated with Zemfira, when even the forest and the waters sleep, and Sadko, now a rich man, can return to his wife. 1 but as they are about to part they are surprised by when only the stars, the eyes of the night, The Introduction suggests the calm sea, 2 while Aleko, who kills them both. Finally Aleko is banished gaze down on us. Sadko’s Melismatic Song is sung as Sadko wanders from the community. Everyone is sleeping peacefully and calmly, alone by Lake Ilmen in the second scene of the opera, Dargomïzhsky based his opera Rusalka on a poem they are deep in slumber... his music drawing the enchanted swans to him. by Pushkin. It was given its first performance in St Come! Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky represents a more Petersburg in 1856 and deals with the miller’s daughter cosmopolitan form of Russian musical nationalism. Natasha, who, jilted by her lover, the Prince, leaps into © 2002 English translations by Philip Taylor His opera Cherevichki (The Slippers) was first staged the River Dnepr to become queen of the water- in Moscow in 1887. It is based on the earlier Kuznets nymphs, a rusalka. The Prince’s wedding to his new Vakula (Vakula the Smith) of 1876, with a plot derived bride is disturbed by the sound of a wailing voice. from Gogol’s Christmas Eve. The blacksmith Vakula’s Twelve years later the Prince is often away from home, mother, the witch Solokha, helps the Devil steal the waiting by the banks of the Dnepr. 7 In a recitative

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Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka DDD (1844-1908) (1804-1857) Sadko Ruslan and Lyudmila Russian Opera Arias 8.554844 1 Introduction 2:24 9 Bayan’s song 4:22 2 Sadko’s Melismatic Song 3:47 There is a deserted land Ah, you dark oak grove! A Life for the Tsar Sadko • Prince Igor • Rusalka • A Life for the Tsar 0 Krakowiak 7:02 Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky ! Sobinin’s aria 6:03 Vladimir Grishko, Tenor (1840-1893) Brothers. Into the snow storm! The Slippers 3 Danse des cosaques 3:20 Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov 4 Vakula’s aria 2:51 (1844-1908) Does your heart not hear my terrible grief? The Tsar’s Bride @ Lïkov’s Arioso (Act I) 2:54 Sergey Rachmaninov It is all different (1873-1943) # Lïkov’s Arioso (Act III) 2:47 Aleko The thundercloud has scurried past 5 Men’s dance 4:31 6 The young gypsy’s romance 1:25 Pyotr Il’yich Tchaikovsky See, beneath yon firmament (1840-1893) The Maid of Orleans Alexander Sergeyevich Dargomïzhsky $ Entr’acte (Act II) 3:16 (1813-1869) Iolanta Rusalka % Vaudémont’s Romance 3:41 7 Prince’s cavatina (Act III) 5:44 No! The charm of a feisty beauty’s embraces Involuntarily I am drawn 8 Gypsy dance 2:58 Alexander Porfir’yevich Borodin (1833-1887) Prince Igor ^ Polovtsian March 5:04 & Vladimir’s Aria 5:34 Slowly the day was fading

8.554844 20 CMYK N AXOS This recital brings together some of the best loved as well as little-known tenor arias from nineteenth century Russian opera, interspersed with orchestral excerpts adding to the dramatic atmosphere. This second volume includes music from Rimsky-Korsakov’s masterpiece, Sadko, Borodin’s Prince Igor, Rachmaninov’s Aleko and Tchaikovsky’s rarely heard The Maid of Orleans. 8.554844 DDD RUSSIAN OPERA ARIAS, Vol. 2 8.554844 ARIAS, Vol. 2: RUSSIAN OPERA Vladimir Grishko, Tenor RIMSKY-KORSAKOV (1844-1908) A Life for the Tsar Playing Time Sadko 0 Krakowiak 7:02 67:44 1 Introduction 2:24 ! Sobinin’s aria 6:03 2 Sadko’s Melismatic Song 3:47 Brothers. Into the snow storm! Ah, you dark oak grove! RIMSKY-KORSAKOV (1844-1908) TCHAIKOVSKY (1840-1893) The Tsar’s Bride The Slippers @ Lïkov’s Arioso (Act I) 2:54 Vladimir Grishko 3 Danse des cosaques 3:20 It is all different 4 Vakula’s aria 2:51 # Lïkov’s Arioso (Act III) 2:47 Does your heart not hear my terrible grief? The thundercloud has scurried past RACHMANINOV (1873-1943) TCHAIKOVSKY (1840-1893) Aleko The Maid of Orleans 5 Men’s dance 4:31 $ Entr’acte (Act II) 3:16

6 The young gypsy’s romance 1:25 Iolanta www.naxos.com Made in E.C. Sung Texts in transliteration and English Notice en français English Text • Kommentar auf Deutsch h

See, beneath yon firmament % Vaudémont’s Romance 3:41 &

DARGOMÏZHSKY (1813-1869) No! The charm of a feisty beauty’s embraces g

Rusalka BORODIN (1833-1887) Grishko Vladimir 2003 HNH International Ltd. 7 Prince’s cavatina 5:44 Prince Igor Involuntarily I am drawn ^ Polovtsian March 5:04 8 Gypsy dance 2:58 & Vladimir’s Aria 5:34 GLINKA (1804-1857) Slowly the day was fading Ruslan and Lyudmila 9 Bayan’s song 4:22 There is a deserted land National Symphony Orchestra of Ukraine • Theodore Kuchar (tracks 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 14, 16)

RUSSIAN OPERA 2: Vol. ARIAS, Ukraine State Radio Symphony Orchestra • Vladimir Sirenko (tracks 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11-13, 15, 17) - Tracks 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 14, 16 recorded at the Grand Concert Studio, Kiev, 18th 20th December 1999 8.554844 Producer: Alexander Hornostai • Engineer: Andrij Mokrytsky • Editors: Viacheslav Zhdanov, Andrij Mokrytsky Tracks 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11-13, 15, 17 recorded at the Studio of the National Broadcasting Company of Ukraine, Kiev, September 1997 • Producer: Marcia Moser • Engineer: Michaelo Didkovski • Executive Producer: George M. Martynuk Inc. Music Notes: Keith Anderson • A detailed tracklist can be found on page 20 of the booklet.

AXOS Cover Photo: Vladimir Grishko by Valentine Landar N