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Home Guard: the Forces to Meet the Expected French Invasions / 1
The Napoleon Series Home Guard: 1805 HOME GUARD: THE FORCES TO MEET THE EXPECTED FRENCH INVASION / 1 SEPTEMBER 1805 The Peace of Amiens lasted 14 months, until Britain declared war on France on 18 May 1803. Napoleon turned his attention to invading England, saying: "All my thoughts are directed towards England. I want only for a favourable wind to plant the Imperial Eagle on the Tower of London." He started to assemble an expeditionary force at Boulogne. The invasion scare started in the middle of 1803. In the next six months, the British government's call for volunteers to resist an invasion was met with a massive response; within a few weeks 280,000 men had volunteered, and the government was unprepared for this numbers of volunteers. The Invasion Scare lasted for roughly two years. Britain’s ‘Home Guard’ of an earlier era watched the coast of France nervously as the Emperor Napoleon assembled a vast armed camp centred on Boulogne, and named them the ‘Army of England’. On 26 August 1805, in response to dramatically changing political events in the east, the Emperor Napoleon ordered Marechal Berthier to send the newly-christened Grande Armèe on a line of march eastwards, ultimately towards Ulm, Vienna and the foggy hills of Austerlitz. Some 180,000 French troops left Boulogne. The Invasion Scare was over. The British Army to repel such an invasion, had it come, was as follows. Many of the General Officers were tasked with commanding the numerous Militia and Volunteer units, and seemingly often held multiple commands. This article, drawn from wide variety of articles and not all of a common date, presents as close a picture as can be discovered of the organisation and location of the regulars, militia and volunteers in the week Napoleon turned east. -
University of Southampton Research Repository Eprints Soton
University of Southampton Research Repository ePrints Soton Copyright © and Moral Rights for this thesis are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder/s. The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given e.g. AUTHOR (year of submission) "Full thesis title", University of Southampton, name of the University School or Department, PhD Thesis, pagination http://eprints.soton.ac.uk i UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON FACULTY OF HUMANITIES School of History The Wydeviles 1066-1503 A Re-assessment by Lynda J. Pidgeon Thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 15 December 2011 ii iii ABSTRACT Who were the Wydeviles? The family arrived with the Conqueror in 1066. As followers in the Conqueror’s army the Wydeviles rose through service with the Mowbray family. If we accept the definition given by Crouch and Turner for a brief period of time the Wydeviles qualified as barons in the twelfth century. This position was not maintained. By the thirteenth century the family had split into two distinct branches. The senior line settled in Yorkshire while the junior branch settled in Northamptonshire. The junior branch of the family gradually rose to prominence in the county through service as escheator, sheriff and knight of the shire. -
The Literary and Cultural Significance of the Early
THE LITERARY AND CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EARLY ROXBURGHE CLUB PhD 2015 Shayne Felice Husbands This thesis is being submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of PhD. Signed ………………………………… Date ………………………… This thesis is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by explicit references. The views expressed are my own. Signed ………………………………… Date ………………………… This work has not been submitted in substance for any other degree or award at this or any other university or place of learning, nor is being submitted concurrently in candidature for any degree or other award. Signed ………………………………… Date ………………………… I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available online in the University’s Open Access repository and for inter-library loans after expiry of a bar on access previously approved by the Academic Standards & Quality Committee. Signed ………………………………… Date ………………………… ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My sincere gratitude is owed to Professor Helen Phillips for her unfailingly erudite guidance and support over what has proved to be a very long haul. This thesis would not have been completed without her immense kindness and encouragement. Many thanks also to Dr Rob Gossedge for his valuable insights, advice and humour, and to Dr Anthony Mandal and Professor Stephen Knight for their counsel at strategic points. Much appreciation is also due to Rhian Rattray for her kindness and for being efficient on the many occasions when I was not. I am grateful for the financial assistance offered by ENCAP which has contributed to the presentation of papers based on my research at Exeter and Leeds, and towards research trips to Oxford, Cambridge and London. -
Letters of George Lord Carew
LETTERS OF GEORGE LORD CAREW. LETTER I.B MY LORD AMBASSADOR:—To geve you testimonie I am nott vn- A.D. 1615. myndfull of my promesse, to lett you know in thatt remote part of the world where you live how thinges passe in these partes, I send you this ensuinge rapsodie of thinges past. - In Januarie last the Earl of January. Kentb died; his old brother, to the knees in the grave, livethe, and my Ladie Elizabeth Grey is but yet the Ladie Ruthen. Sir Moyle Finche ° is also dead; his wife, pressed with suters, being, as I take itt, » S.P.O. Dom. Corr. vol. lxxx. 85. b Henry Grey, called 7th Earl of Kent. Richard, the third Earl, having greatly wasted his estate by gaming, died at an inn in Lombard Street. The right to the Earldom devolved upon his half-brother, Henry Grey, who abstained from assuming the title because he had not sufficient property to maintain its dignity. His only son, Henry Grey, for the same reason as his father, declined the title, but he left three sons who were successively Earls of Kent: viz., Reginald, who by the exercise of great frugality nearly recovered the paternal estate, and re-assumed the honours of the family. On his death s.p. in 1572, he was succeeded by the nobleman mentioned in the text, who also died s.p., aged 74 years, and was buried at Flitton, co. Bedford. He was succeeded by his brother Charles, who survived till 1623, notwithstanding he is at this time stated to be "to the knees in the grave." The Lady Elizabeth Grey here alluded to was the second daughter and sole heir of Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury, and wife of Henry Grey de Ruthyn, son and successor of Charles the 8th Earl of Kent, whose protracted life at this time disappointed the ambition with which she looked forward to become Countess of Kent. -
General Additions
PART II: ADDITIONS 135 1218 [1220] 1 November 10 4 [c. September] Contd. Letter from Pope Honorius [ill] to Pandulf, bishop- Claureburc [unidentilied]. [SC 1/1/103] [In Shirley, elect of Norwich, papal chamberlain and legate. Royal Letters, i, no. 132]. [Orders him to inspect the composition made 5 [c. October-November] between William late king of Scots and John late Letter from W[illiam] Marshal, earl [of Pembroke], to king of England, and to confirm or annul it as he King [Henry III]. The king having commanded him to thinks right.] Lateran. [SC 7/18/2] [In Foedera, 1, deliver the castle [of Fotheringay] to Henry Foliot, i, 157, dated 1219; Shirley, Royal Letters, i, no. 13; he has ordered his kinsman John Marshal to restore Theiner, Monumenta, no. 15; Cal. Papal Letters, i, the castle to the king's council [of regency], so as 59-60]. not to hinder the business proceeding between the 2 November 21 king and the king of Scots. [SC 1/62/9] [Damaged. For date, see vol. i, nos. 776, 778, 783]. Bull of Pope Honorius [III], affirming the indepen- dence of the church in Scotland from any jurisdic- [1224] tion save that of the pope or his legate a latere, and confirming the privileges of the realm. Lateran. 6 [c. April] [Details [SRO RH 5/3] [Formerly SC 7/18/32. In Stones, Letter from [ King Henry III] to [blank]. Anglo-Scottish Relations, 14-16, with translation; reasons why King Henry has given his sister had been Theiner, Monumenta, no. 18. Facsimiles in Foedera, Eleanor to William Marshal. -
The Historicity of Barbour's Bruce
The Historicity of Barbour's Bruce By JAMES HAND TAGGART School of Scottish Studies Faculty of Arts University of Glasgow A thesis submitted'to the University of Glasgow in May 2004 for the degreeof Doctor of Philosophy ii Acknowledgments Professor Geoffrey Barrow took time to discuss various aspects of Barbour's purpose in writing The Bruce. Professor Archie Duncan spent hours with me on several occasions. His knowledge of The Bruce is unsurpassed;he shared it most generously. He was patient when I questioned some of his conclusions about Barbour's work and its historicity. His edition of The Bruce, together with its extensivenotes, was invaluable for my analysis of Barbour. Drs. Sonia Cameron and Fiona Watson also gave generouslyof their time at crucial points. I am especially grateful to my supervisor, Professor Edward Cowan. He never failed to smile and brew up a coffee on the many occasionsI visited his room in the Department of Scottish History. He kept my enthusiasm going over a prolonged period, and helped to structure my work in a way that made the analyses more accessibleand the discussion more meaningful. He vigorously defendedme and my work against aggressive and unprofessional attack, and encouraged me to think rigorously at every point. I am glad, though, to observethat I finally convinced him that the carl of Carrick killed, but did not murder, the lord of Badenoch on 10 February 1306. Thanks for your guidanceand friendship, Ted. On a personal note, I am grateful to Fiona for starting me out on this journey, and to Mairi for sustaining me on the last few laps. -
Story of Robert the Bruce
Conditions and Terms of Use Copyright © Heritage History 2010 Some rights reserved This text was produced and distributed by Heritage History, an organization dedicated to the preservation of classical juvenile history books, and to the promotion of the works of traditional history authors. PREFACE The books which Heritage History republishes are in the public domain and are no longer protected by the original copyright. "Ah, Freedom is a noble thing! They may therefore be reproduced within the United States without paying a royalty to the author. Freedom makes a man to have liking [pleasure]; Freedom all solace to man gives; The text and pictures used to produce this version of the work, He lives at ease that freely lives!" however, are the property of Heritage History and are subject to certain restrictions. These restrictions are imposed for the purpose of protecting These words were written by a poet who lived in the the integrity of the work, for preventing plagiarism, and for helping to assure that compromised versions of the work are not widely days of Bruce, and who kept for us the story of his life and disseminated. adventures. In order to preserve information regarding the origin of this It is to Robert the Bruce that we who live north of text, a copyright by the author, and a Heritage History distribution date the Tweed owe our freedom. are included at the foot of every page of text. We require all electronic and printed versions of this text include these markings and that users More than that we owe to him. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses The knightly families of Northumberland: a crisis in the early fourteenth century Dixon, M.C. How to cite: Dixon, M.C. (2000) The knightly families of Northumberland: a crisis in the early fourteenth century, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4373/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk ABSTRACT The way Northumbrian society was created and how it developed during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, is crucial to the crisis the families faced when war broke out between the kingdoms of England and Scotland. Eighty years of peace and prosperity in the North saw the consolidation of the Norman presence along the border. The Anglo/Norman and Scottish/Norman families formed a single aristocracy, holding estates on both sides of the border and being vassals to both kings. -
Family Lines from Companions of the Conqueror
Companions of the Conqueror and the Conqueror 1 Those Companions of William the Conqueror From Whom Ralph Edward Griswold and Madge Elaine Turner Are Descended and Their Descents from The Conqueror Himself 18 May 2002 Note: This is a working document. The lines were copied quickly out of the Griswold-Turner data base and have not yet been retraced. They have cer- tainly not been proved by the accepted sources. This is a massive project that is done in pieces, and when one piece is done it is necessary to put it aside for a while before gaining the energy and enthusiasm to continue. It will be a working document for some time to come. This document also does not contain all the descents through the Turner or Newton Lines 2 Many men (women are not mentioned) accompanied William the Conqueror on his invasion of England. Many men and women have claimed to be descended from one or more of the= Only a few of these persons are documented; they were the leaders and colleagues of William of Normandy who were of sufficient note to have been recorded. Various sources for the names of “companions” (those who were immediate associates and were rewarded with land and responsibility in England) exist. Not all of them have been consulted for this document. New material is in preparation by reputable scholars that will aid researchers in this task. For the present we have used a list from J. R. Planché. The Conqueror and His Companions. Somerset Herald. London: Tinsley Brothers, 1874.. The persons listed here are not the complete list but constitute a subset from which either Ralph Edward Griswold or Madge Elaine Turner (or both) are descended). -
William Wallace, Brucean Propaganda and the Gesta Annalia II
Edinburgh Research Explorer A Swan from a Raven: William Wallace, Brucean propaganda and the Gesta Annalia II Citation for published version: Fraser, J 2002, 'A Swan from a Raven: William Wallace, Brucean propaganda and the Gesta Annalia II', Scottish Historical Review, vol. 81, pp. 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3366/shr.2002.81.1.1 Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.3366/shr.2002.81.1.1 Link: Link to publication record in Edinburgh Research Explorer Document Version: Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Published In: Scottish Historical Review Publisher Rights Statement: © Fraser, J. (2002). A Swan from a Raven: William Wallace, Brucean propaganda and the Gesta Annalia II. Scottish Historical Review, 81, 1-22doi: 10.3366/shr.2002.81.1.1 General rights Copyright for the publications made accessible via the Edinburgh Research Explorer is retained by the author(s) and / or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing these publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Take down policy The University of Edinburgh has made every reasonable effort to ensure that Edinburgh Research Explorer content complies with UK legislation. If you believe that the public display of this file breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 The Scottish Historical Review, Volume LXXXI, 1: No. 211: April 2002, 1–22 JAMES E. FRASER ‘A Swan from a Raven’: William Wallace, Brucean Propaganda, and Gesta Annalia II There have been any number of studies devoted to the ‘real’ William Wallace, including a veritable explosion of productivity in the wake of recent global publicity afforded his story, which had begun to make its way into English historiography even before his death. -
The De Grey Hours
THE DE GREY HOURS: An Intriguing Manuscript and its background CONTENTS: Page No: Abstract 2 Introduction 3 Chapter 1: Family background and Origins of the De 5 Greys Chapter 2: Form and Function of a Book of Hours 14 Chapter 3: Detailed description of the De Grey Hours 22 Calendar Section Chapter 4: Detailed description of the De Grey Hours 32 Miniatures Chapter 5: Armorial Links within the De Grey Hours 54 Conclusion: 58 Bibliography: 60 Appendix 1: Images by Masters of the Gold Scrolls and 64 Masters of the Narrow Eyes Appendix 2: Images from the De Grey Hours 71 Appendix 3: Coats of arms from the de Grey Hours MS 85 Appendix 4: Bishop William de Grey and his books 89 Appendix 5: Tombs, monuments, depictions 106 Appendix 6: Family tree Inside back cover Abstract Treasured amongst the holdings of the National Library of Wales is the little-known manuscript which is the subject of this dissertation. It is an example of a Book of Hours, which was one of the most popular genres of manuscript production during the middle ages, and was named for a previous owner, a member of the De Grey family. This manuscript has received very little attention previously. The first objective of the dissertation was to investigate as far as is possible at this stage the origins and original ownership of the manuscript. To this end, the family history of the De Greys was researched and an outline of the results forms a substantial part of the dissertation. This research into the background of the De Grey Hours revealed some intriguing possibilities as regards its original ownership and a new proposition based on contextual evidence and evidence within the manuscript is set out for consideration. -
The Management of the Mobilization of English Armies: Edward I to Edward in Ralph Anthony Kaner a Thesis Submitted for the Degre
The Management of the Mobilization of English Armies: Edward I to Edward In By Ralph Anthony Kaner A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of York, History Department August, 1999 ABSTRACT This thesis examines government administrative action that can be described as 'management', in the context of the logistics of mobilizing royal armies during the reigns of Edward I, Edward II and Edward III. Its purpose is to contribute to understanding of how fourteenth-century government worked. Mobilization required the issuing of detailed instructions for administrative actions to be taken by individuals. The actions covered recruiting, arranging transport, and providing for supplies. Government's objective was to assemble armed forces at a particular place and time. Merely issuing the instructions did not guarantee that all would be fulfilled, or achievement of the overall objective. Government had to make on-going arrangements to try to ensure that orders were obeyed, to correct failures, to monitor progress, and, if necessary, to modify plans in good time. Those arrangements, and consequent actions, are the 'management' that is studied. The detailed management of mobilizations for eight selected campaigns, from Edward I's Second Welsh War (1282-3), to Edward III's Reims campaign in 1359- 1360, is described. Recruitment, transport and supplies are considered, first in relation to each other for individual mobilizations. They are then considered as separate themes, followed by a discussion of the coordination of planning, in Chapter 9. The thesis shows that in mobilizing armies Edwardian government made good use of practical management techniques. Planning was coordinated.