The Ultimate Guide to Truckload Shipping Just the Basics
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The Ultimate Guide to Truckload Shipping Just the Basics When is Full Truckload (FTL) Shipping the Best Option? Table of A Quick Review of Truck and Trailer Types Contents Preparing Your Freight for Shipping Checklist for Shipping Create an Inventory Packaging your Shipment Freight Packing Made Easy in Seven Steps Calculate your Weight and Dimensions for Shipping Visit the Opus9 Website at www.opus9.com Appendix Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Pallets Glossary of Terms Used in Truckload Shipping At Opus9, we understand that shipping freight is a complicated and confusing process! That’s why we’ve created this shipping guide. Whether you are a first-time shipper or just need a quick refresher, our Ultimate Guide to Truckload Shipping will answer questions, offer much-needed tips, and take the confusion out of truckload shipping, so you can get back to building your business. At Opus9 we strive to create a streamlined and efficient shipping process for our customers, so let’s get started! Just the Basics WHEN IS FULL TRUCKLOAD (FTL) SHIPPING THE BEST FTL OPTION? Don’t worry! It’s not as complicated as it seems. With a quick review of truckload shipping and its many benefits, your freight will soon be its way. Let’s get started with the main differences between Less Than Truckload (LTL) and FTL. Weight and Shipment Size: As a rule of thumb - most shipments of between 1 and 6 pallets and under 10,000 lbs can be shipped LTL. Most often LTL freight takes up less than 12 linear feet of a trailer. A full truckload shipment is between 24 and 30 pallets on and up. Because space on the trailer is actually more important than weight, truckload shipments can range from 10,000 lbs. to 45,000 lbs. and up. Handling and Urgency: Simply put, FTL freight is handled less. Once it’s on the truck, it travels to its destination without leaving the truck. Less handling means less opportunity for damages. Fewer stops means that FTL freight reaches its destination as quickly as possible. LTL freight, on the other hand, shares space in a trailer with multiple shipments. This means your freight is unloaded and reloaded and often warehoused while waiting for another truck. This results in much longer transit times and more opportunities for damages. Specialized Equipment: FTL offers shippers more options. If you need a reefer for temperature-controlled shipments, FTL is your best bet as it’s difficult to find space forL TL shipments on a reefer. The same goes for dry vans and open-deck equipment. FTL shipping can handle a variety of different cargo types. In summary, Full Truckload (FTL) shipping and Less Than Truckload (LTL) shipping are two options for different types of freight based primarily on weight and space needed. However, handling considerations and urgency should be considered; as well as, the need for specialized equipment. Sometimes FTL is the best option, even when your load is smaller. Still confused? Give Opus9 a call, or check out our intuitive online platform where we offer instant quotes and a full range of shipping services for your unique needs. A QUICK REVIEW OF TRUCK AND TRAILER TYPES You’ve concluded that your freight should be shipped FTL. What do you need to know about common truckload freight trailer types? Dry Van: Dry van freight is the most common type of freight in the U.S. Nonperishable food and/or beverage items, textiles, clothing, plastics, as well as, building products can be shipped using dry vans. Dry vans are enclosed, weather-resistant, box trailers designed to carry pallets or boxes. They can be as long as 53 feet and are able to haul up to 45,000 pounds of cargo. Reefer: A reefer refers to a refrigerated trailer that transports temperature- controlled cargoes such as frozen seafood, fruits, meat, vegetables, dairy products, as well as, non-food items such as pharmaceuticals, fresh flowers, and film. Flatbed: Widely used, flatbeds are versatile because they can be loaded at the tip, sides, and rear. Flatbeds can carry a maximum weight of around 48,000 lbs and are typically 48 ft to 53 ft long. Because flatbeds are open to the elements, goods transported on flatbeds must either be weather resistant or packaged as such. Step Deck: A variation of the flatbed design, step deck trailers have a bottom and a top deck. They were designed to haul freight that cannot be transported on a regular flatbed, usually because of height restrictions. Conestoga: The rolling tarp system on a Conestoga provides protection for freight while offering the ease of side loading and unloading. While Conestogas are often used for heavy items such as lumber and steel, they are also used for palletized freight. Knowledge is power. With the right information, shippers can access the choice in truckload shipping for a variety of freight types. At Opus9, we specialize in customized solutions for your truckload freight. Our innovative web platform offers customers the ability to book dry van, reefer, and flatbeds on demand in an easy and transparent way. Preparing your Freight for Shipping Now that you have a working knowledge of the benefits of truckload shipping and the variety of equipment available to transport your freight, it’s time to prepare your freight for shipping. Follow these easy steps, and your freight will be on its way. CHECKLIST FOR SHIPPING 1. Inventory your shipment. 2. Package your shipment. 3. Calculate the weight and dimensions of your shipment. 4. Visit the Opus9 website at www.opus9.com. a. Pick your origin, destination, mode of transport and hit search. b. Receive instant and competitive free quotes in seconds. c. Choose the shipping option most suitable for you. d. Book your shipment. With Opus9 you can be confident your freight will be handled by qualified carriers. 5. When you book with Opus9, your paperwork will be handled electronically - such as your Bill of Lading. 6. Track your shipment in real-time. Know where your truck is at any time and receive proactive alerts en-route. 7. When your freight is delivered, receive an electronic Proof of Delivery - it's easy with Opus9’s online platform! CREATE AN INVENTORY Before you prepare your freight for shipping, you need to create an inventory. An inventory is a complete list of goods you will be shipping to your customer. Each item will be listed on the Bill of Lading - a contract between the freight carrier and the shipper automatically generated when you book a shipment with Opus9. We recommend that you assign a value to your goods and document the value in your inventory. It’s always a good idea to know what it would cost to replace the items in your inventory. Often this value will be assigned by your insurance. PACKAGING YOUR SHIPMENT Many first-time shippers are daunted by the process of properly packaging freight for shipment, but once you get the hang of it, it’s pretty simple, especially if you remember The carrier’s job is to move your freight, not to pack it. Pack from the inside out! A box is only as good as the packing inside of it. Pack your boxes and pallets for strength. Use quality packing materials and take your time! FREIGHT PACKING MADE EASY IN SEVEN STEPS Products should be packed in a box, carton, crate, or other protective container. Shipments containing multiple boxes should be palletized, so shipment can be loaded onto a truck with a pallet jack. Determine whether your items are fragile or non-fragile. Fragile items are anything breakable: Glass Computer or computer parts Electronics Furniture Household goods Artwork Non-fragile items are unbreakable such as: Clothing and footwear Paper or plastic Machinery parts Canned goods Non-fragile Tools and hardware Carpeting Pack non-fragile and fragile items inside sturdy new boxes or containers. Make sure the boxes are full and airtight. Air in the box means your product could be damaged inside. Individually wrap fragile items with bubble wrap and leave room in box for extra cushioning. For extra caution, you may want to bubble wrap first box and place it inside second larger box (typically 5 inches wider and deeper than first box). Fill the remaining space with cushioning material. Clearly label boxes. Each box must have a label with shipper’s and consignee’s address as well as phone numbers, bill of lading numbers, and date shipped. Labels should be printed for readability and attached to the top surface of each box in the shipment. Tape boxes closed with durable plastic tape or reinforced tape that is at least three inches in width. Place tape across flaps and seams Align properly of the top and bottom seams of the box. Stack boxes together carefully and evenly on preferred pallet (for more information, check out Everything You Need to Know about Pallets and More in the Appendix below). Heavier boxes Stagger or align boxes, corner to corner with no overhang. Place heavier boxes at the bottom. Weight on pallet (and within boxes) should be distributed evenly. Use cardboard Top surface should be even and flat to minimize damage. corner beads Use cardboard corner beads around the pallet. Helpful tip: Use flat cardboard every couple of rows to solidify loose boxes. Secure boxes to pallet using shrink-wrap. The goal is for your pallet to be a solid unit. It should move as one solid piece. Use nylon strap Use quality shrink-wrap (70 gauge) and don’t be stingy! Begin by wrapping shrink-wrap around base four or five times, allowing the edge to go underneath each corner.