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Bio-Based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2018 – 2023

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Bio-Based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2018 – 2023 Data for 2018 Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2018 – 2023 EPDM PE PET PP PBT PVC PBAT Propylene MEG Vinyl Chloride Terephthalic PEF Ethylene acid PMMA PU THF p-Xylene SBR Methyl PET-like Metacrylate Ethanol PBS(X) PU Isosorbide Isobutanol 1,4-Butanediol Sorbitol APC Glucose PHA Succinic acid 1,3 Propanediol 3-HP Superabsorbent PTT Polymers PTF Acrylic acid Starch Saccharose Fructose Lactic PLA acid Adipic Lignocellulose Itaconic ABS acid acid PU Natural Rubber Lysine HDMA Plant oils 5-HMF/ 2,5-FDCA/ PA 5-CMF PTF Hemicellulose FDME DN5 Levulinic Caprolactam Fatty acids acid Glycerol Aniline Furfural PU Furfuryl MPG alcohol PFA NOPs LCDA Epichlorohydrin Polyols PHA Natural Rubber Starch-based Polymers UPR Lignin-based Polymers PA Cellulose-based Polymers Epoxy resins PU PU PU Authors: Raj Chinthapalli, Pia Skoczinski, Michael Carus, Wolfgang Baltus, Doris de Guzman, Harald Käb, Achim Raschka, Jan Ravenstijn February 2019 This is the short version of the market study (380 pages, € 3,000). Both are available at www.bio-based.eu/reports. Table of Contents Global Markets and Trends of Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers 2018 – 2023 Executive summary .......................... 3 Bio-based Polymers ........................... 5 Bio-based Building Blocks ...................... 8 Global production capacities of bio-based polymers by region .................................. 9 Market segments for bio-based polymers ........... 10 Imprint Authors ..................................... 12 Table of Contents ............................. 14 Bio-based Building Blocks nova-Institute ................................ 16 and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2018 – 2023 Publisher Michael Carus (V.i.S.d.P.) nova-Institut GmbH Chemiepark Knapsack Industriestraße 300 50354 Hürth, Germany Author of the short version Michael Carus, nova-Institute [email protected] Layout Edition Norma Sott 2019-02 Order the full report The market report and more trend reports can be ordered for € 3,000 plus VAT at www.bio-based.eu/reports All nova-Institute graphics can be downloaded at www.bio-based.eu/graphics Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2018 – 2023 Global Markets and Trends of Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers 2018 – 2023 Executive summary 2018 was a very good year for bio-based polymers: Several additional capacities were put into operation. The new market and trend report “Bio- The production of bio-based polymers based Building Blocks and Polymers – has become much more professional and Global Capacities, Production and Trends differentiated in recent years. By now, there 2018 – 2023” from the German nova-Institute is a bio-based alternative for practically every shows capacities and for the first time also application. The capacities and production of production data for all bio-based polymers. bio-based polymers will continue to grow with In 2018 the total production volume reached an expected CAGR of about 4% until 2023, 7.5 million tonnes – these are already 2% almost at about the same rate as petrochemical of the production volume of petrochemical polymers and plastics Therefore, the market polymers. The potential is much higher, but share of bio-based polymers in the total polymer is currently hampered by low oil prices and and plastics market remains constant at around a lack of political support. 2% (Figure 1). Plastics production from 1950 to 2017 Bio-based worldwide 7.2 Mt 2017 350 Fossil-based worldwide 348 Mt Fossil-based Europe (EU28 + NO/CH) 65 Mt 300 250 200 150 100 Production (million tonnes) Production 50 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Includes thermoplastics, polyurethanes, thermosets, elastomers, adhesives, Data sources: coatings and sealants and PP-fibres. Not included PET-, PA-, and polyacryl-fibres. PlasticsEurope, Consultic and nova-Institute © -Institute.eu | 2019 Figure 1: Plastics production from 1950 to 2017 (nova-Institut 2019) © nova-Institut GmbH 2019 | Version 2019-02 | www.bio-based.eu/reports 3 Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2018 – 2023 The increase in production capacity is mainly The most important market drivers in 2018 based on the expansion of the polylactic were brands that want to offer their customers acid (PLA) production in Thailand, the environmentally friendly solutions and polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT) and starch critical consumers looking for alternatives to blends in US. Especially PLA and starch blends petrochemicals. If bio-based polymers were to be will continue to grow significantly until 2023. accepted as a solution and promoted in a similar Also new capacities of bio-based polyamides, way as biofuels, annual growth rates of 10 to polyethylene (PE) and, for the first time, 20% could be expected. The same applies as polypropylene (PP) and poly(butylene adipate- soon as the price of oil rises significantly. Based co-terephthalate) (PBAT). The great hopeful on the already existing technical maturity of polyethylene furanoate (PEF) will presumably bio-based polymers, considerable market shares only be able to offer commercial capacities after can then be gained. 2023. Overall, the market environment remains The market report is updated every year challenging with low crude oil prices and little and the update for the year 2018 offers very political support. special highlights: It contains comprehensive information on capacity development from ■ So far, the two major advantages of 2018 to 2023, per bio-based building block and bio-based polymers have not been polymer and for the first time production data for politically rewarded. The first advantage the year 2018, per bio-based polymer. A total of is that bio-based polymers replace fossil 17 bio-based building blocks and 16 polymers carbon in the production process with are covered in the report. In addition, the new renewable carbon from biomass. This is issue includes analyses of market developments indispensable for a sustainable, climate- and producers per building block and polymer, friendly plastics industry and is not yet so that readers can quickly gain an overview politically rewarded. of developments that go far beyond capacity and production figures. For the first time, a ■ The second advantage is offered by detailed research, calculation and explanation about a quarter of bio-based polymer of the market development of cellulose acetate production: They are biodegradable (CA), bio-based epoxy resins and bio-based (depending on the environment) and polyurethanes was made possible through a can therefore be a solution for plastics cooperation with the main experts in this area. that cannot be collected and enter the The deep dive into the producing companies environment where they can biodegrade was comprehensively updated and shows now without leaving behind microplastics. 173 detailed company profiles – from start-ups Only a few countries such as Italy, to multinational corporations. France and, in future probably Spain will politically support this additional The data published annually by European disposal path. Bioplastics (www.european-bioplastics.org/ market/) are taken from the market report of the nova-Institute, but with a reduced selection of bio-based polymers. 4 © nova-Institut GmbH 2019 | Version 2019-02 | www.bio-based.eu/reports Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2018 – 2023 Bio-based Polymers Figure 2 shows all commercially realized As in previous years, we have added several pathways from biomass via different building pathways and some new intermediates. blocks and monomers to bio-based polymers. EPDM PE PET PP PBT PVC PBAT Propylene MEG Vinyl Chloride Terephthalic PEF Ethylene acid PMMA PU THF p-Xylene SBR Methyl PET-like Metacrylate Ethanol PBS(X) PU Isosorbide Isobutanol 1,4-Butanediol Sorbitol APC Glucose PHA Succinic acid 1,3 Propanediol 3-HP Superabsorbent PTT Polymers PTF Acrylic acid Starch Saccharose Fructose Lactic PLA acid Adipic Lignocellulose Itaconic ABS acid acid PU Natural Rubber Lysine HDMA Plant oils 5-HMF/ 2,5-FDCA/ PA 5-CMF PTF Hemicellulose FDME DN5 Levulinic Caprolactam Fatty acids acid Glycerol Aniline Furfural PU Furfuryl MPG alcohol PFA NOPs LCDA Epichlorohydrin Polyols PHA Natural Rubber Starch-based Polymers UPR Lignin-based Polymers PA Cellulose-based Polymers Epoxy resins PU PU PU All figures available at www.bio-based.eu/markets © -Institute.eu | 2019 Figure 2: Pathways to bio-based polymers (nova-Institut 2019) © nova-Institut GmbH 2019 | Version 2019-02 | www.bio-based.eu/reports 5 Bio-based Building Blocks and Polymers – Global Capacities, Production and Trends 2018 – 2023 Schematic differentiation of pathways of drop-in, smart drop-in and dedicated bio-based chemicals Crude Oil / Naphtha Natural Gas / Methane Chemicals Coal / Syngas / FT Drop-ins Smart drop-ins EPDM Epoxy resins PE / PP PBAT PET PBS (X) PTT Biomass PUR – based on other polyols than NOPs Dedicated CA PEF PHA PLA PUR – based on NOPs Starch blends New Chemicals All figures available at www.bio-based.eu/markets © -Institute.eu | 2019 Figure 3: Schematic differentiation of pathways of drop-in, smart drop-in and dedicated bio-based chemicals.1 Selected bio-based polymer examples are shown for each classification group. Figure 3 shows the different pathways of bio- producers. Here an increase is shown from 8 based “drop-in”, “smart drop-in” and “dedicated”
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