Innehåll R E
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Creating the Nordic Model of Capitalism
list of figures vii list of tables jx list of photographs xii acknowledgements xiii notes on the contributors xiv list of abbreviations xviii 1 creating Nordic capitalism - the business history of a competitive periphery i Martin Jes luersen and Lars Thue prologue to the Swedish chapter 20 2 welfare capitalism: the Swedish economy, 1850-2005 22 Hans Sj ogre ft 3 entrepreneurship and ownership: the long-term viability of the Swedish Bonnier and Wallenberg family business groups 75 Mats Larsson, Hakan Lindgren and Daniel Nyberg 4 from ASEA to ABB: managing big business the Swedish way 104 Fredrik Tell prologue to the Finnish chapter 137 5 growth and investment: Finnish capitalism, 18505-2005 139 Susanna Fellman 6 from state ownership to M NC: the path of Enso-Gutzeit to Stora-Enso 218 Jari Ojala, Juha-Antti Lamberg and Anders Melander 7 success and failure of a conglomerate firm: the strategic paths of Nokia and Tampella in the liberalizing Finnish economy after the Second World War 238 Mika Skippari and Jari Ojala prologue to the Danish chapter 263 8 co-operative liberalism: Denmark from 1857 to 2007 265 Martin Jes iwersen and Steen Andersen 9 Aria: from a decentralized co-operation to an MNE Mads Mordhorst 335 10 Carlsberg: regulation of the home market and international expansion 365 Martin Jes iversen and Andrew Arnold prologue to the Norwegian chapter 392 11 Norway: a resource-based and democratic capitalism 394 Lars Thue 12 constructive power: Elkem, 1904-2004 494 Knut Sogner 13 finance and the development of Norwegian capitalism: 530 the case of Christiania Bank Sverre Knutsen 14 conclusion 558 Susanna Fellman and Hans Sjogren statistical appendix 580 index 587 vi CONTENTS list of figures 1.1 The business systems of the Nordic countries 7 2A. -
No. 16673 SWEDEN and IRAN Air Transport Agreement
No. 16673 SWEDEN and IRAN Air Transport Agreement (with annex and related note). Signed at Tehran on 10 June 1975 Authentic texts of the Agreement and annex: Swedish, Persian and English. Authentic text of the related note: English. Registered by the International Civil Aviation Organization on 5 May 1978. SUÈDE et IRAN Accord relatif aux transports aériens (avec annexe et note connexe). Signé à Téhéran le 10 juin 1975 Textes authentiques de l©Accord et de l©annexe : su dois, persan et anglais. Texte authentique de la note connexe : anglais. Enregistr par l©Organisation de l©aviation civile internationale le 5 mai 1978. Vol. 1088,1-16673 1978_____United Nations — Treaty Series • Nations Unies — Recueil des Traités_____283 AIR TRANSPORT AGREEMENT1 BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE KINGDOM OF SWEDEN AND THE IMPERIAL GOVERN MENT OF IRAN The Government of the Kingdom of Sweden and the Imperial Government of Iran, Being equally desirous to conclude an Agreement for the purpose of establishing and operating commercial air services between and beyond their respective terri tories, have agreed as follows: Article 1. DEFINITIONS For the purpose of the present Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires: à) The term "aeronautical authorities" means, in the case of Iran, the Depart ment General of Civil Aviation, and any person or body authorized to perform any functions at present exercised by the said Department General or similar functions, and, in the case of Sweden, the Board of Civil Aviation, and any person or body authorized to perform any functions at present exercised by the said Board or similar functions. -
Air Transport
The History of Air Transport KOSTAS IATROU Dedicated to my wife Evgenia and my sons George and Yianni Copyright © 2020: Kostas Iatrou First Edition: July 2020 Published by: Hermes – Air Transport Organisation Graphic Design – Layout: Sophia Darviris Material (either in whole or in part) from this publication may not be published, photocopied, rewritten, transferred through any electronical or other means, without prior permission by the publisher. Preface ommercial aviation recently celebrated its first centennial. Over the more than 100 years since the first Ctake off, aviation has witnessed challenges and changes that have made it a critical component of mod- ern societies. Most importantly, air transport brings humans closer together, promoting peace and harmo- ny through connectivity and social exchange. A key role for Hermes Air Transport Organisation is to contribute to the development, progress and promo- tion of air transport at the global level. This would not be possible without knowing the history and evolu- tion of the industry. Once a luxury service, affordable to only a few, aviation has evolved to become accessible to billions of peo- ple. But how did this evolution occur? This book provides an updated timeline of the key moments of air transport. It is based on the first aviation history book Hermes published in 2014 in partnership with ICAO, ACI, CANSO & IATA. I would like to express my appreciation to Professor Martin Dresner, Chair of the Hermes Report Committee, for his important role in editing the contents of the book. I would also like to thank Hermes members and partners who have helped to make Hermes a key organisa- tion in the air transport field. -
Research Studies Series a History of the Civil Reserve
RESEARCH STUDIES SERIES A HISTORY OF THE CIVIL RESERVE AIR FLEET By Theodore Joseph Crackel Air Force History & Museums Program Washington, D.C., 1998 ii PREFACE This is the second in a series of research studies—historical works that were not published for various reasons. Yet, the material contained therein was deemed to be of enduring value to Air Force members and scholars. These works were minimally edited and printed in a limited edition to reach a small audience that may find them useful. We invite readers to provide feedback to the Air Force History and Museums Program. Dr. Theodore Joseph Crackel, completed this history in 1993, under contract to the Military Airlift Command History Office. Contract management was under the purview of the Center for Air Force History (now the Air Force History Support Office). MAC historian Dr. John Leland researched and wrote Chapter IX, "CRAF in Operation Desert Shield." Rooted in the late 1930s, the CRAF story revolved about two points: the military requirements and the economics of civil air transportation. Subsequently, the CRAF concept crept along for more than fifty years with little to show for the effort, except for a series of agreements and planning documents. The tortured route of defining and redefining of the concept forms the nucleus of the this history. Unremarkable as it appears, the process of coordination with other governmental agencies, the Congress, aviation organizations, and individual airlines was both necessary and unavoidable; there are lessons to be learned from this experience. Although this story appears terribly short on action, it is worth studying to understand how, when, and why the concept failed and finally succeeded. -
Ivas Medaljbok
Utmärkelser och minnestecken 1919–2001 Postadress: Box 5073, 102 42 Stockholm Besöksadress: Grev Turegatan 14, Stockholm Telefon: 08-791 29 00. Telefax: 08-611 56 23. E-post: [email protected] Internet: www.iva.se. KUNGL. INGENJÖRSVETENSKAPSAKADEMIENS UTMÄRKELSER OCH MINNESTECKEN 1919–2001 – 1 – Utgivare: Kungl. Ingenjörsvetenskapsakademien, IVA, 2002 Box 5073, 102 42 Stockholm Tfn: 08-791 29 00 Fax: 08-611 56 23 E-post: [email protected] Internet: www.iva.se Produktion: Tryckfaktorn AB Fotograf: Olle Bengtson, Studio Aniara fotografer ab Tryckning: OH-Tryck, Stockholm 2002 ISBN: 91-7082-682-X – 2 – FÖRORD En av Kungl. Ingenjörsvetenskapsakademiens uppgifter är att uppmärksamma och belöna insatser inom ingenjörsteknik och ekonomi. Det är ett sätt för akademien att sprida kännedom om ny teknik och vetenskapliga rön och att kommunicera med omvärlden. Detta framgår också av IVA:s stadgar: § 1 (andra stycket) Akademien har till uppgift att till nytta för samhället främja tekniska och ekonomiska vetenskaper och näringslivets utveckling. samt § 28 För förtjänstfull insats inom området för akademiens verksamhet eller för akademiens ändamål kan akademien utdela belöningar. — Akademiens utmärkelsetecken är Stora guldmedaljen, Guldmedaljen och Brinellmedaljen. Akademiens belöningstecken utgörs av hedersledamotstecknet och tacktecknet. Axel F. Enström- medaljen och Guldplaketten utdelas inte längre. I denna skrift redovisas också akademiens tre hedersföreläsningar med ty åtföljande belöningar: Axel Ax:son Johnsonföredraget, Kemiföreläsningen samt de Lavalföreläsningen. Förteckningen över minnesmedaljer/minnesskrifter kan ses som en exposé över uppfinnare och uppfinningar i Sverige sedan början av 1800-talet. Stockholm i juni 2002 LENA TORELL PER STORM Verkställande direktör Akademisekreterare – 3 – – 4 – INNEHÅLL Utmärkelsetecken 6 Stora guldmedaljen 6 Guldmedaljen 12 Brinellmedaljen 32 Guldplaketten 35 Belöningstecken 38 Hedersledamotstecken 38 Tacktecken 41 Axel F. -
SAS “New” Business Model
SAS “new” business model David Sörhammar Uppsala University Department of Business Studies Sweden [email protected] Anna Bengtson Uppsala University Keywords: dynamics, market change, marketing practice, SAS. Abstract In September 2005 SAS introduced a new business model. Where did the model come from and what influenced it? This paper’s focus is on the making of the model where we study the making of a business model as a dynamic process through time. In concrete terms, traces of today’s model can be found and examined from the SAS group’s embryonic attempts starting in 1946, through the financially good years during the 1980s, to the market re-regulation in contemporary time. During these years several changes have taken part both on the larger air travel market and in SAS´s market practice. We have separated SAS´s history into three era’s, the technological era, the businessman’s airlines era, and the “to serve Europe with air travel” era. Elaborating on the theoretical notion of mutuality between markets and market practice (Cf. Helgesson et. al., 2004), the impact of these practices and of the market infra structure at different points in time are described and their importance for the emergence of the business model discussed. Our findings show that the political efforts to de-regulate the European air travel markets did not automatically change all market practices and thus not the market. The process that followed the de-regulation can better be characterised as a translation process in which a changed market was created, based on an already established network of embedded material and immaterial items, such as booking systems, airplanes and perceptive frames, that had to be taken into consideration. -
Section 1 Fabric
SECTION 1 FABRIC AWNING 004-025 AWNING COMPOSER 026-027 UPHOLSTERY 028-041 MARINE 042-062 RECREATIONAL 063-064 SCREEN AND MESH 065-084 SHADE SAIL 085-088 SIGN, BANNER, MEDIA 088-091 SPECIAL PURPOSE 092-105 TENT 106-108 GENERAL CARE AND CLEAN 109 WARRANTY INFORMATION 110-137 FABRIC • AWNING ITEM # STYLE # COLOR PUT UP WEIGHT WIDTH 874615 4615-0000 Smoke 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874616 4616-0000 Mocha Tweed 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874617 4617-0000 Royal Blue Tweed 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874618 4618-0000 Walnut Brown 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874620 4620-0000 Beige 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874621 4621-0000 True Brown 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874622 4622-0000 Terra Cotta 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874623 4623-0000 Aquamarine 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874624 4624-0000 Sky Blue 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874626 4626-0000 Navy 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874628 4628-0000 Toast 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874630 4630-0000 Cadet Grey 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874631 4631-0000 Burgundy 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874633 4633-0000 Linen 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874635 4635-0000 Buttercup 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874637 4637-0000 Forest Green 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874640 4640-0000 Black Cherry 65 yd. 9.25 oz. 46 in. 874641 4641-0000 Sapphire Blue 65 yd. -
EU Air Transport Liberalisation: Process, Impacts and Future Considerations
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Burghouwt, Guillaume; Mendes de Leon, Pablo; De Wit, Jaap Working Paper EU Air transport liberalisation: Process, impacts and future considerations International Transport Forum Discussion Paper, No. 2015-04 Provided in Cooperation with: International Transport Forum (ITF), OECD Suggested Citation: Burghouwt, Guillaume; Mendes de Leon, Pablo; De Wit, Jaap (2015) : EU Air transport liberalisation: Process, impacts and future considerations, International Transport Forum Discussion Paper, No. 2015-04, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), International Transport Forum, Paris This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/109162 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt -
List of Government-Owned and Privatized Airlines (Unofficial Preliminary Compilation)
List of Government-owned and Privatized Airlines (unofficial preliminary compilation) Governmental Governmental Governmental Total Governmental Ceased shares shares shares Area Country/Region Airline governmental Governmental shareholders Formed shares operations decreased decreased increased shares decreased (=0) (below 50%) (=/above 50%) or added AF Angola Angola Air Charter 100.00% 100% TAAG Angola Airlines 1987 AF Angola Sonair 100.00% 100% Sonangol State Corporation 1998 AF Angola TAAG Angola Airlines 100.00% 100% Government 1938 AF Botswana Air Botswana 100.00% 100% Government 1969 AF Burkina Faso Air Burkina 10.00% 10% Government 1967 2001 AF Burundi Air Burundi 100.00% 100% Government 1971 AF Cameroon Cameroon Airlines 96.43% 96.4% Government 1971 AF Cape Verde TACV Cabo Verde 100.00% 100% Government 1958 AF Chad Air Tchad 98.00% 98% Government 1966 2002 AF Chad Toumai Air Tchad 25.00% 25% Government 2004 AF Comoros Air Comores 100.00% 100% Government 1975 1998 AF Comoros Air Comores International 60.00% 60% Government 2004 AF Congo Lina Congo 66.00% 66% Government 1965 1999 AF Congo, Democratic Republic Air Zaire 80.00% 80% Government 1961 1995 AF Cofôte d'Ivoire Air Afrique 70.40% 70.4% 11 States (Cote d'Ivoire, Togo, Benin, Mali, Niger, 1961 2002 1994 Mauritania, Senegal, Central African Republic, Burkino Faso, Chad and Congo) AF Côte d'Ivoire Air Ivoire 23.60% 23.6% Government 1960 2001 2000 AF Djibouti Air Djibouti 62.50% 62.5% Government 1971 1991 AF Eritrea Eritrean Airlines 100.00% 100% Government 1991 AF Ethiopia Ethiopian -
Snowflake Till 21 Resmål Från Stockholm
2004-02-05 09:56 CET snowflake till 21 resmål från Stockholm Från den 28 mars flyger snowflake torsdagar och söndagar till ytterligare två destinationer från Stockholm och försäljningsstart lördagen den 7 februari: · Bilbao, Spanien - tapas, Guggenheimmuseum, surf på Atlantvågor... · Olbia, Sardinien - sol, bad och dyk, italiensk mat, fantastisk natur... - Vi fortsätter att introducera billigt direktflyg till nya, intressanta resmål, säger Ludmilla Lindecrantz som ansvarar för snowflake, Scandinavian Airlines lågprissatsning. Samtidigt ökas antalet flygningar per vecka mellan Stockholm och: · Aten, Grekland till måndagar, tisdagar, onsdagar, fredagar · Nice, Frankrike till måndagar, onsdagar, fredagar, lördagar, söndagar I sommarprogrammet flyger snowflake också Stockholm till/från Alicante, Ankara, Aten, Beirut, Belgrad, Bologna, Budapest, Inverness, Istanbul, Lissabon, Lyon, Malaga, Nice, Palma de Mallorca, Split, Prag, Rom, Valletta och Venedig. Bokning görs enkelt via www.flysnowflake.com eller via snowflakes svenska bokningscenter per telefon 0771-66 10 00. Enkelresor bokade via Internet kostar från 595 SEK inklusive skatter och alla avgifter. Vid bokning per telefon tillkommer 25 kronor. Komplett reseerbjudande på svensk sajt - För att hjälpa resenärer som själva vill sätta samman sin resa har partnerskap etablerats på www.flysnowflake.com, säger Ludmilla Lindecrantz. På snowflakes svenska webbplats finns nu ett komplett reseerbjudande: billiga flygresor, hotell, hyrbil och försäkringar. · Med hjälp av hotels.com kan resenärerna boka hotell med "lägsta prisgaranti" på snowflakes resmål och även andra orter. · Europeiska erbjuder avbeställningsskydd samt reseförsäkringar, också sådana som kompletterar hemförsäkringens reseskydd. · Via Holiday Autos erbjuds marknadens lägsta hyrbilspriser på alla snowflakes destinationer. Förutom ursprunglig engelsk version finns snowflakes webbplats nu även på svenska och en dansk version etableras inom kort. -
Air Transport Industry
ANALYSIS OF THE EU AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY Final Report 2004 Contract no: TREN/05/MD/S07.52077 By Cranfield University CONTENTS GLOSSARY...........................................................................................................................................................6 1. AIR TRANSPORT INDUSTRY OVERVIEW ..................................................................................12 2. REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS .................................................................................................18 3. CAPACITY ...........................................................................................................................................24 4. AIR TRAFFIC ......................................................................................................................................36 5. AIRLINE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE .......................................................................................54 6. AIRPORTS............................................................................................................................................86 7. AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL ...............................................................................................................104 8. THE ENVIRONMENT......................................................................................................................114 9. CONSUMER ISSUES ........................................................................................................................118 10 AIRLINE ALLIANCES.....................................................................................................................126 -
PROTOCOL at the Moment of Signing the Agreement Between the Government of the People's Republic of China and the Government Of
PROTOCOL At the moment of signing the Agreement between the Government of the People’s Republic of China and the Government of the Kingdom of Sweden for the Avoidance of Double Taxation and the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion with respect to Taxes on Income, the undersigned have agreed that the following provisions shall form an intergral part of the Agreement. To Articles 8 and 13 1. The provisions of Article 9 of the Agreement on Maritime Transport between the Government of the People’s Republic of China and the Government of Sweden signed at Beijing on the 18th of January 1975 shall not be affected by the Agreement. 2. When applying the Agreement the air transport consortium Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) shall be regarded as having its head office in Sweden but the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 8 and paragraph 3 of Article 13 shall apply only to that part of its profits as corresponds to the participation held in that consortium by AB Aerotransport (ABA), the Swedish partner of Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) . To Article 12 For purposes of paragraph 3 of Article 12 it is understood that, in the case of payments received as a consideration for the use of or the right to use industrial, commercial or scientific equipment, the tax shall be imposed on 70 per cent of the gross amount of such payments. To Article 15 It is understood that where a resident of Sweden derives remuneration in respect of an employment exercised aboard an aircraft operated in international traffic by the air transport consortium Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) such remuneration shall be taxable only in Sweden.