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Strategic Approach to Problem Identification and Monitoring of Aquatic Invasive Species Within the Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network Park Units

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Strategic Approach to Problem Identification and Monitoring of Aquatic Invasive Species Within the Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network Park Units U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Great Lakes Network Office Ashland, Wisconsin Strategic Approach to Problem Identification and Monitoring of Aquatic Invasive Species Within the Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network Park Units Prepared by Henry Quinlan, Mark Dryer, Gary Czypinski, Jonathan Pyatskowit, and Jessica Krajniak, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ashland Fishery Resources Office Ashland, Wisconsin. Great Lakes Network Report GLKN/2007/08 September 2007 Errata Strategic Approach to Problem Identification and Monitoring of Aquatic Invasive Species Within the Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network Park Units Henry Quinlan, Mark Dryer, Gary Czypinski, Jonathan Pyatskowit, and Jessica Krajniak U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ashland Fishery Resources Office 2800 lakeshore Drive East Ashland, Wisconsin 54806 Great Lakes Network Report GLKN/2007/08 Erratum: Curly-leaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus) was not known to be present in Voyageurs National Park as of the completion date of the report (September 2007). Appendix 5a, page 91: Replace the table for Curly Leaf Pondweed with the following: Curly Leaf Pondweed 1 2 3 4 5 T 6 7 APIS 3 1 8 8 7 27 N N GRPO 3 1 8 8 7 27 N N ISRO 3 1 8 8 7 27 N N PIRO 0 1 8 8 7 24 N N SLBE 0 10 8 8 7 33 N Y INDU 0 10 8 8 7 33 N N SACN 0 10 8 8 7 33 N Y MISS 0 10 8 8 7 33 N Y VOYA 7 10 8 8 7 40 N N Appendix 5b, page 95: Replace the table for Voyageurs National Park with the following: Voyageurs National Park Evaluation Questions Species 1 2 3 4 5 T 6 7 Rusty Crayfish 10 8 9 9 8 44 N Y Zebra Mussel 7 7 10 9 10 43 N N Quagga Mussel 6 7 9 8 10 40 N N Eurasian Water Milfoil 10 7 8 8 7 40 N N Curly Leaf Pondweed 7 10 8 8 7 40 N N Strategic Approach to Problem Identification and Monitoring of Aquatic Invasive Species Within the Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network Park Units September 27, 2007 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Ashland Fishery Resources Office Ashland, Wisconsin Final report to the National Park Service, Great Lakes Network Office Interagency Agreement Number: F2105-04-0029 Great Lakes Network Report GLKN/2007/08 Strategic Approach to Monitoring AIS 9/27/07 Suggested citation: Quinlan, H., M. Dryer, G. Czypinski, J. Pyatskowit, and J. Krajniak. 2007. Strategic approach to problem identification and monitoring of aquatic invasive species within Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network park units. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ashland Fishery Resources Office, Ashland, Wisconsin, for National Park Service, Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network, Ashland, Wisconsin. GLKN/2007/08. ii Strategic Approach to Monitoring AIS 9/27/07 Table of Contents Acknowledgements........................................................................................................................ iv Introduction......................................................................................................................................1 Project Objectives ............................................................................................................................3 Distribution and Relative Importance of Target AIS.......................................................................3 Existing AIS Monitoring Programs .................................................................................................3 Lake Michigan Watershed ...................................................................................................4 Lake Superior Watershed.....................................................................................................5 Upper Mississippi River ......................................................................................................7 St. Croix River .....................................................................................................................8 Description of Monitoring Approach...............................................................................................9 Species to Monitor ...............................................................................................................9 General Rating Factors ......................................................................................................11 Monitoring Principles and Assumptions............................................................................11 Implementation Strategy................................................................................................................13 Procedures for Monitoring Current Status and Early Detection of AIS ............................13 Detecting Status and Trends ..............................................................................................18 References Cited ............................................................................................................................20 Figures and Tables Figure 1. Location of National Parks in the Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network and geographic area included in this strategic approach to aquatic invasive species monitoring.........................................................................................................................1 Table 1. Target aquatic invasive species in Great Lakes Network park units .................................2 Table 2. Priority species to monitor in each GLKN park unit.......................................................10 Table 3. Common sampling methods and data products for different species group....................12 Appendices Appendix 1. Description and characteristics of Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network (GLKN) park units, from Lafrancois and Glase (2005). ........................25 Appendix 2. Profiles for 12 target aquatic invasive species.......................................................29 Appendix 3. Aquatic sampling within and near Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network park units.................................................................................................81 Appendix 4. Data description and time-series distribution maps...............................................85 Appendix 5a. Evaluation criteria and risk ranking for each aquatic invasive species address (maximum score = 50)...........................................................................................91 Appendix 5b. Aquatic invasive species risk ranking and recommended species to monitor in each park. ...............................................................................................................93 Appendix 6. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources sampling protocol for Dreissena (zebra and quagga mussels). ..................................................................................97 Appendix 7. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources sampling protocol for Eurasian water milfoil and curly leaf pondweed. ...............................................................127 Appendix 8. Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission aquatic invasive species survey structure....................................................................................................141 iii Strategic Approach to Monitoring AIS 9/27/07 Acknowledgements Information was compiled from many sources in the preparation of this document. The following individuals provided valuable information or steered us toward resources that greatly helped with this project; Steve Yancho (Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore); Julie Van Stappen (Apostle Islands National Lakeshore); Lora Loope (Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore); Brad Welch, Brenda Lafrancois, and Jay Glase (National Park Service); Ron Martin, Steve Schram, Terry Margenau, Scott Toshner, and Nancy Nate (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources); Steve Geving, Kevin Peterson, Dave Zappetillo, and Roger Hugil (Minnesota Department of Natural Resources); Amy Benson (USGS Florida Integrated Science Center); Miles Falk and Dara Olson (Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission); Mark Edlund (St. Croix Watershed Research Station); Gary Kohlhepp and Bill Taft (Michigan Department of Environmental Quality); Phil Schneeberger and Shawn Sitar (Michigan Department of Natural Resources); Gary Cholwek (USGS Lake Superior Biological Station); Seth Moore and Margaret Watkins (Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa); Dr. Jill Leonard (Northern Michigan University); Matt Heiman (Leelanau Conservancy); Mike Litch (Glen Lake Association); Brian Biebert (Indiana Department of Natural Resources); Dr. Stacy Daniels (Crystal Lake Watershed, Michigan); Vanlandschoot’s Fishery, Munising, Michigan; and staff from the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. Thanks to Joan Elias and Ulf Gafvert of the National Park Service Great Lakes Inventory and Monitory Network. Ms. Elias provided guidance, review and comments that improved the quality and organization of this document and Mr. Gafvert provided consultation and assistance with GIS and map components of the project. Finally, the authors thank the National Park Service - Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network for funding this project. iv Strategic Approach to Monitoring AIS 9/27/07 Introduction Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Network (hereafter referred to as GLKN) park units are situated in one of the most water-rich locations in the world, and aquatic habitats in the parks are substantial in area and diversity. The GLKN includes portions of three major watersheds (Great Lakes, Mississippi River, Hudson Bay), and comprises nine park units. The geographic scope for this project is shown
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