May 29, 1990 Vol. XLII No. l l "The Second U.S. Department of Health Best Thing and Human Services About Payday"

National Institutes o f Health e Recori Free Time and Services Given Nill Docs Answer Call to Help The Needy of Washington

By Anne Barber

A cry for help was mailed recently to hundreds of local physicians residing in the Washingt0n area asking for aid in caring for the needy by volunteering rime and services co che Zacchaeus Medical Clinic. That letter was signed by Dr. Allen L. Dollar, a volunteer physician at the clinic and a senior staff fellow working in NHLBI's Pathology Brand1. Dollar has worked at the clinic, on and off, for the past 13 ye11rs. He began volunteering while an undergraduate student at Georgetown University and worked there for 4 years as a physician's assistant before going off tO medi­ cal school in Baltimore. Returning to the Washington area 4 years ago, he rejoined the clinic. Zacchaeus is a private, nonprofit clinic operated entirely on private donations. le provides free physician visits, free laborat0ry A 111()unted member of the U.S. Park Police makes his way thrOtifl.h a a-owd of about I, 000 protesters out­ work and free medication co the poor. side Bid_~. 31 during a demomtration May 21 by fl,ay rights activists. Police arrested 82 people both 011 "When I joined the clinic in 1977, che ca111p11s and al an NTH rental buildinfl, in Rockville. majority of the patients were prostitutes from rhe 14th St. corridor and homeless people 'S wrm the NIH' from the nearby shelters," says Dollar. "Ir was (See ZACCHAEUS, Page 41 Activists Protest Pace of Federal AIDS Research By Rieb McManus NIDCD Carries Communication Lecture to Capitol Hill About 1,000 activists protesting the NIAID advisory council meeting ac which alleged slow pace of federal research agai nsc research directions for the inscirute-NIH's By Carla Garnett AIDS spent the morning of May 21 marching lead AIDS research component-were on che N IH campus and at three NIH rental discussed. Saying what you want is always easier than buildings. Eighty-two demonstratOrs were "We have a great deal of empathy with getting what you want, right' Wrong. The arrested, including 21 who broke into che chose who are fruscraced with che pace of bio­ most recent lecture of the Medicine for the office of Dr. Daniel Hoth, director of NIAlD's medical research," acknowledged Dr. Anthony Public on the Hill series highlighted simple Division of AIDS, at che Control Dara Build­ Fauci, who in addition co directing NIAID is communication skills taken for granted by ing in Rockville. Small gt0ups also gathered also NIH associate director for AIDS research. most Americans but covered by more chan at che Federal Bldg. in Bethesda and ac Execu­ ··But critics of che pace of HIV research don't 14 million children and adults in the United tive Plaza in Rockville. understand che nature of biomedical investiga­ Sraces. Chancing slogans and meandering from one tion. Progress against HIV has actually been D r. Judith Cooper, program administrat0r campus building to another, che main group unprecedented in che history of medicine." in the National lnsticuce on Oe11foess and of NIH protesters engaged in various forms of Fauci and Hoth were the objects of several Ocher Communication Disorders, discussed cheater, including impromptu skies, songs and effigies and posters; one activist carried a "When Talking and Listening Aren't Easy,"' a dances. bloodied Halloween mask char bore Fauci's lecture cosponsored May 4 by Sen. Tom A mass "die-in" on the lawn of Bldg. l name. Harkin (D-lowa) and NIH's Division of Legis­ closed che demonstration as ranks of uni­ 'Tm noc angry or upset at them,"' Fauci lative Analysis. formed officers, some on horseback, protected said at a press conference in Wilson Hall at T he talk, held in the Dirksen Senate Office NIH headquarters; a splinter g roup of protes­ che end of the procesc. "One day of disruption Bldg. on Capit0! Hill, was che third in a ters st0pped traffic on Rockville Pike briefly, on campus is inconvenient, buc ic is noc going spinoff series chat debuted lase summer when marching with locked arms and banners. co have an effect on what we do. I'm con­ organizers of the Clinical Center's popular Much of che NIH campus was closed co cerned, however, that protests like chis will Medicine for the Layman lectures began pre­ nonemployee traffic and many workers stayed have a demoralizing effect on che researchers senting selected calks co interested home as the procesc, dubbed "St0rm the in the trenches. Ir's no fun co work 18 hours a congressional employees. NIH" by organizers from the AIDS Coalition day and have someone put up a sign saying Cooper began her lecture by defining terms: tO Unleash Power (ACT l.Jl>) cook place from you' re a murderer. Speech diJOrders involve problems wich speech 7 a.m. co noon. "I thought the procesr was interescing che­ (See NIDCD, Page 2 ) The event was rimed to coincide with an (See PROTEST, Page BJ page 2 The Record May 29. 1990

NIDCD Use Your Voice for Success (Continued from Page 1} A class titled "Voice for Success for Profes­ sounds, intonation, pitch and fluency, and sional Credibility" will be held July 9 and 16 affect more than 8 million Americans. In in Billings Audirorium, Bldg . 38. le is addition, more than 6 million children and designed co give each participant new adults in the United States have langt1age behaviors for dealing with presentations and disorders--difficulcy communicating and com­ difficult interpersonal situations. Individual prehending words and sentences. coaching with video feedback is provided. Cooper focused on three specific speech and Cose is $200 for two mornings; application language disorders- stuttering, specific lan­ deadline is June 13. For more information guage impairment (slow talking) and aphasia, contact Georgette Thompson at the NIH which results from brain damage afrer a NTDCD director Dt·. James B. Sn/JW Jr. and Training Center, 496-6371. D stroke. program administrator Dr. Judith Cooper pal/Jed Stuttering daces back thousands of years and briefly far a photo before Cooper's "Medicine for the NCI Offers Prevention Fellowship is characterized by repetitions and hesitations Public" lecture on speech and language disorders as well as nonspeech behaviors such as rapid given recently i,1 the Dirksen Senate Bldg. on The NCI has a unique opporrnnicy for eye blinks or head movements. Capitol Hill. Notable sturcerers include the lace British M.D.s and Ph.D.s interested in cancer preven­ prime minister Sir Winston Churchill, scien­ tion and control co train in chis emerging tist Sir Isaac Newton, early American "Many (with SU) are lacer labeled as learn­ discipline. The Cancer Prevention Fellowship politician Thomas Jefferson and country and ing disabled," Cooper said, urging parents Program lasts 2 co 3 years and offers inde­ western singer Mel Tillis. Stutterers are gener­ who identify problems to gee the child diag­ pendent research opportunities within the ally male and may have a family history of the nosed early. Found early, communicacion Division of Cancer Prevention and Control. disorder. It is estimated that more than 1 mil­ difficulties can often be corrected with speech An academic course covering the current prin­ lion Amedcans stutter. and language therapy. ciples, methods and practices of cancer "Although stuttering was once thought co The final disorder she explained was adult prevention and control is also provided. Many be an emotional disorder, that theory has been aphasia, or the language problems following opportunities exist for additional training and discounted and is no longer accepted, .. said stroke. travel. Applications are due Sept. l ; fellows Cooper, who explained chat any personality Cooper called aphasia "one of the most dev­ scare on July 1, 1991. For more information differences are the effect, not the cause of ascacing effects of stroke" and likened it co a call Barbara Redding, 496-8640. D stuttering. kind of disorienting travel: "Imagine yourself According to Cooper, Stuttering can have a suddenly, involuntarily wandering in a foreign profound impact on the self-esteem, employ­ country, unable to understand che language ment opportunity, academic performance and and unable to communicate your simplest social accivicy of the stutterer. "Many stut­ needs. That's what having aphasia is like. It's terers will avoid altogether situations where frustrating and confusing." The NIB Record they may have co speak," she said. There are several types of aphasia; Cooper Published biweekly at Bethesda, Md., by che Editorial Operacions Branch, Division of Public Information , for the Many children, during the preschool years, srressed three: global, in which widespread informarion of employees of the National lnsticuces of experience a period of dysfluency, Cooper con­ brain damage impairs nearly all aspects of lan­ Health, Depanment of Health and Human Services, and tinued. "Mose pass through this phase and guage; Broca's, which affects mainly verbal circulated to nonemployees by subscription only through develop normally fluent speech. Ochers have communication skills, causing patients co pro­ chc Government Printing Office. T he concem is reprinrable an increase and persistence in the periods of duce inarticulate and ungrammatical speech; without permissjon. Pictures ma>• be available on request. dysfl uency. and, Wernicke's, in which language may be Use o( funds for printing this periodical has been approved "However," she noted, "iris estimated chat an iculace, fluent and grammatical, buc have by the director of ,he Office of Managcmenr and Budget 50 percent or more of all children who stutter little meaning or context. chrough September 30, 1990. will no longer be stuccering by age sixteen." Twenty co thirty percent of stroke victims N lH Record Office Staff Correspondents: Specific language impairment (SU), a child­ will be aphasic; more than l million Ameri­ Bldg. 31, Room 2B-03 CC, Ellyn Pollack hood language disorder, is normally identified cans have some permanent form of aphasia. Phone 496-2125 DCRT, Colleen Henrichsen when toddlers arc learning co talk and under­ "Certainly, there are some aphasics whose FAX 496-0019 DRG, Sue Meadows FIC, Louise Williams stand words. recovery is rapid, dramatic and complete," Edico r NCI, Parricia A. Newm•n Cooper said chat attentive parents may be said Cooper, explaining chat younger patients Richard McManus NCNR, G erry Pollen able to notice "an inordinate delay" in the seem ro recover better and faster. "But for NCRR, Jim Doherty child's development of first words or word ochers , long-lasting difficulty with speech and Ass is,anc Edi tor NE!, Claudia Feldman Anne Barber combinations. language will remain even with rreacment." N HLBI, June W yman D NIA, Margo Warren "Basically, when parents are worried," Scaff Writer NIAID, Ann C. London Cooper emphasized, "there's usually a good Carla Gamete NIAMS. Barbara Weldon reason for it. If you suspect your child is NIMH Needs Volunteers NICHD, Carol Florance delayed in developing speech or language Editorial Assistant NJDCD, Karen L. Jackson Marilyn Berman NIDDK, Eileen Corrigan skills, ask questions and ger help." NIMH seeks volunteers ro participate in a Tix N IH R«m-d «:serv<> the righr NIDR, Mary Daum Mose children with SLI have normal intel­ study using an innovative treatment for ro make corrccrions, changes. or NlEHS, Hugh J• Lee ligence, hearing, social and emotional skills. depression. All services and medications are deletions in submitted copy in NIGMS, Wanda Wacddell Boys are more likely than girls to have SLI, free. For more information call 496-6981 or conformir.y w,th rhe policies of rhc: NlNDS, Carol Rowan p,pcr ,nd HHS. NLM, Roger L. Gilkeson which also tends to run in families. 496-2141. □ page 3 The Record May 29, 1990

Hallum Named OSI Director Call for Posters by June 19

Dr. Jules V. Hallum has been named direc­ Fourth Annual NIH Research Day Features New Program tor of the Office of Scientific Incegricy, pare of This year, the fourth annual NIH Research and function, immunology, infectious diseases, the Office of the Director, NIH; the appoint­ Day will feature several new events. The AIDS, virology, animal models of disease, ment was effective Apr. 8. activities will begin Monday, Sept. JO with a neurobiology, oncology, methods. Hallum comes co NIH from his position as NIH Alumni Day Symposium sponsored by Because space is somewhat limited, it may professor and chairman of the deparcmenc of NCI. Titled "Leukemia 25 Years Lacer," it be necessary to make poster selections, microbiology and immunology at the Oregon will honor Drs. Emil Frei and Emil Freireich. depending on the number of responses Health Sciences University in Portland. The intramural activities will begin with a received. The OSI conduces inquiries and investiga­ featured symposium '"AIDS,'" chaired by Dr. Thirty-four workshops are scheduled for tions on instances of possible misconduct in Anthony Fauci, from 3:30 co 5:30 p.m. Tuesday, Sept. 11 in conference rooms science and assists universities in the develop­ A cheese and beverage poster session will throughout NIH. These are designed ment of their programs co promote the ethical follow the AIDS symposium from 5:30 to primarily for people actively involved in conduce of science. 7:30 p.m. Monday, Sepr. 10. The posters will research. The workshop topics and Hallum became a member of the ad hoc be located in the N IH Research Day cent to presentations will be published lacer in the committee on ethical matters for the American be erected on parking lot lOD behind che summer. Society for Microbiology in 1983. While on Clinical Center by Convene Dr. Another The workshops will be held 8:30-11 a.m. this committee, he helped draft the ASM's poster session will be held from lO a.m . co and 1-3:30 p.m. From 3:30 co 5:30 p.m. first Code of Ethics and Canon of Ethics. In 1 p.m. in che tent on Tuesday, Sepe. 11. there will be featured symposia on ""Gene 1984, he became chairman of the permanent Individual scientists interested in presenting Transfer and Potential for Gene Therapy," ASM committee on ethical practices and led posters should prepare a shore, one-paragraph chaired by Dr. Arthur Nienhuis, NHLBI; the committee in establishing the ASM's ethi­ abstract of whac they would like co present. "Frontiers in Neurobiological Research," cal review process. In addition co resolving The abstract, title of che poster, names of chaired by Dr. Daniel Alkoo, NINDS; "Cell allegations of misconduct, he has written and authors, poster topic and institute should be Adhesion Molecules: Role in Development and proposed policies for the ASM concerning cri­ sent by June 19 to: NIH Research Day Immunity," chaired by Dr. Ethan Shevach, teria for authorship co be used by journals and Chairman, Dr. John l. Gallin, Director DIR, NIAID. concerning the length of time raw daca must NIAIO, Bldg. 10, Rm. l lC103, 496-3006, NIH Research Day will end with a free be maintained for published papers. Fax 301-402-0166. picnic and music near the Research Day cent Also, Hallum is arranging for integrated Poster topics are as follows: molecular from 5:30 co 8 p.m. membership between che ASM publication genetics, protein chemistry, cell development board and the committee on ethical practices to improve oversight of possible misconduct m submitted or published manuscripts. He joined the staff of OHSU in 1973. He Frederick Cancer Research Facility Renamed earned his Ph.D. in 1952 at the University of Iowa, where he was honored with a dean's fellowship. D CC Pharmacists Claim New Posts Two Clinical Center pharmacy employees were recently elected co the United Scates Pharmacopeial (USP) Convention, Inc. 's new committee of revision at the 1990 quinquen­ nial meeting of USP held in March. Dr. Joseph F. Gallelli, chief of the phar­ macy department, and Dr. Paul Kennedy, director of analysis and quality control in that department, will serve on the drug standards division of the committee until 1995. USP, an independent, nongovernmental, nonprofit organization chat secs legally enforceable standards for U.S. drugs, was established in 1820. The standards, prepared by the committee of revision, are published in the U11ited StateJ Phannacopeia and the National Fon11ulary. 0 Mammography Screening Change The location of the mammography screen­ ing offered by the Occupational Medical NC I's executive committee haJ approved a name change for the NCI-Frederick Cancer Research Facility. Service for June 19 has been changed from the Effective immediately, the new name is the NCI-Frederick Cancer Research a11d Development Center (NCI­ Bldg. 3 lC parking lot to the Bldg. lOC shut­ FCRDC). NCl-FCRDC'J commercial telephone exchange numbei· will alJO change in June 1990. The cur­ tle turn. This notice amends information rent operator number, ( 301) 698-1000, will change to ( 301) 846-1000. Callers will be able to reach all printed in the lase issue of che Record. D extemions wing the 846 exchange. The FTS exchange will co11tinue to be 978. page 4 ~Record May 29, 1990

ZACCHAEUS moved out of the halfway house and has his own apartment. (Continued from Page 1 ) "Really, there are a large number of very rare co see a patient who was employed. patients who fall through the holes in our Over the past years, however, the prostitutes health safery nee," scares Dollar. "Our biggest have almost disappeared from 14th St. and the problem is chat the cost of medication is so majority of Ollr patients are working. high. Ac the clinic, we provide free medica­ "Low-paying jobs do not come with health tion. So, even if some of these people have benefits," Dollar continued. "The government Medicare, which means they can go and programs are designed for the elderly, disabled receive medical care elsewhere, most cannot and the young. The working poor are desper­ afford their cost of their medication. Unfor­ ately in need of access to primary medical runacely, Medicare does not cover the cost of care. medication. "The working poor have an income, as do "All the professional advice in the world some of the elderly folks we see, but repeated will not help you if you cannot afford che doccor visits and ongoing medications needed treatment," he says. "Our chronic patients by these patients would be financially cata­ sometimes cake several medications daily, strophic without the clinic's services. The which can be very expensive." majority of the patients using the clinic have According co Dollar, one of che goals of the chronic illnesses such as diabetes, high blood clinic is co gee enough money to hire a full­ pressure and arthritis." time physician for daytime hours. "In the Dr. Jim Flanagan (r) and assistant discuss fo/­ past, the clinic had a full-time physician's low11p care with palienl. Flanagan is a seni(Jr staff assiscanc, a p riest who volunteered his time fe//aw in NICHD's Laboratary of Developmental and for 2 years we did have a full-time physi­ and Mo/emiar Immunity. He has been at NIH for cian. We have a large number of people, 4 years and a volunteer at the clinic for the past 2. especially the elderly, who find it difficult co Flanagan works in the field of molecular research gee to che clinic ac night. Also, there are more on gene expression b11t, he says, "/ really enjoy people out there than we can fit into our working at the clinic." night clinics. We are in real need of the position. Dr. Josh Zimmerberg, an investigator in Dollar is quick to point out that NIH has NIDDK's Laboratory of Biochemistry and always been supportive of the clinic because it Metabolism, has been at NIH for 8 years and gives physicians who are researchers a chance has worked in the clinic for the past 6 years. to keep their hands in clinical care. Prior to joining Zacchaeus, Zimmerberg "One of the nice things about the clinic is worked with the Community for Creative that the D.C. governmcnc provides malprac­ Non-Violence and made house calls to shel­ tice insurance for volunteers who work there," ters. ") was providing medical care to the Dr. Allen Dollar miles as he talks abouJ his vol­ states Dollar. "So there are no out-of-pocket homeless but when the Georgetown shelter unteer work at the Zacchaeus Medical Clinic. He costs. closed, l shifted my energy to Zacchacus. continues lo give 1 10 2 days a month providing Much of the care Dollar provides at the "I find l can do a lot more for the individ­ care 10 1he needy as well as time serving on 1he clinic is general. "l do get cardiology referrals uals in a clinical setting with a laboratory at clinic's professional advisory commiuee. from ocher physicians ac the clinic. Sometimes my disposal than I could accomplish in a shel­ the tests cequire technical equipment chat we ter seccing," he says. Dollar also serves as a member of the do not have on hand and I have to refer chem "It bas been a very satisfying place to work, clinic's professional advisory committee chat out. We will always have to depend on physi­ very scable. The clinic has been in existence establishes policies used at Zacchaeus. cians who allow us to refer patients to them. for l6 years. 1 work on the average about 4 "Recently, the committee has recommended We have a real need for this kind of physician hours a night, once or twice a month. going with a team approach to improve our also. They do not charge the referrals, they "We have a lot of persons coming from the continuity of care," he states. "That is one of take care of them for free. As with che clinic, shelters," Jones adds. "We also see a lot of the reasons we are asking for more help. " there is no financial criteria- nobody is asked elderly on fixed incomes along with new He explains, "With the team approach, the and no payment is ever requested." employees who need physicals before starting a same group of members (physicians, lab assist­ Dr. Teresa Jones of NIDDK's Molecular job, especially new immigrants." ants, pharmacists, physicians' assistants, and P achophysiology Branch bas been a volunteer "Working at the clinic gives me an oppor­ patient advocates) will be working together on two times a month for the past 3 years at the tunity to cake care of patients in a setting regularly assigned nights. They will gee co clinic. Her specialty is endocrinology but, like where the welfare of the patient is the primary know one another and this in turn will lead to Dollar, she does mostly general medicine ac focus," says Zimmerberg. "As a full-time beccer care for our regular patients." Zacchaeus. researcher, I don· t gee to do that kind of thing Dollar tells the story of a man in his fifties Before joining NIH, J ones worked at an too much. I practice medicine for the grati­ who is one of the clinic's regular patients. Afghan refugee camp where the Afghanistanis fication of taking care of people, and in a free "While serving time in prison, the man were taught co become medics and perform setting, I have more rime for each patient." underwent heart bypass surgery. After his general medical care. "l enjoyed doing that Zimmerberg's specialty is asthma since his release, he was placed in a halfway house. He and I wanted to continue to keep up my gen­ research deals with the masc cells that cause needed followup care so he came to che clinic. eral medicine skills. I did this between my it. "So I usually see the asthmatic patients Over the years, he has become our friend and residency and fellowship here at NIH. I've that come in that night or have been referred we are proud co say he is now employed, been at NIH now for more chan 3 years." to me from other nights. page 5 The Record May 29, 1990

"I have seen some real regulars," he con­ Math Modeling Aids Research tinues, "people who have been coming to the clinic for 15 years. I would say on an average Mathematical modeling as a component in night chat 80 percent of the people have been physiological research protocols offers biomedi­ here before." cal researchers a powerful tool for producing A regular patient of Jones' was a woman more efficient experimental design and more who showed symptoms suggestive of Cushing's informative results, said Dr. J udich K. disease. "Bur every time tests were done, they Gwachmey, Harvard Medical School, at a new came up negative. Now she is enrolled in a NIH seminar series. study here at NIH relating to the disease." Speaking May 9 in Lipsett Amphitheater at Delaney Ruston, a research assistant in the the first biomedical modeling seminar spon­ same lab as Zimmerberg, has been at the sored by the National Center for Research clinic for I½ years-the same amounc of time Resources, Gwathmey discussed the she has been at NIH. applicability of mathematical modeling in car­ "I went to the clinic basically because Josh, diovascular research. She illustrated her point Teresa, and I were interested in the nutritional with data from her own collaborative work habits of low-income populations. Because with mathematicians in her studies of heart there were no diet histories available, I began muscle contraction. Gwathmey, who has doc­ taking histories myself. Yet I just couldn't be Delaney Rmton, a patient advocate at the clinic, torates in physiology and veterinary medicine, neutral so rather than jusr collect data 1 began dis-plays some of the nutrition brochures she hands develops animal models and also studies doing nutritional counseling and, a few out to the patiellls. human heart tissue derived from hearts months later, J set up a Wellness Workshop. obtained immediarely after removal from J held the workshops once a month, at a patients receiving heart transplants. church across the street from rhe clinic. I staff fully supported my efforts in developing "Animal models of human biology are abso­ would prepare a healthy lunch, talk about the Wellness Workshop. I conducted the lutely essential in biomedical research," nutrition, and lead the patients through an workshops for about 6 months and also Gwathmey said. "Through computational sci­ aerobic workout. stacked the clinic shelves with nurricional ence one can greatly facilitate a bringing "Now," she continues, "I am a patient information to be handed out. together of information derived from these advocate at the clinic three rimes a momh." "In the wellness clinic we had about 12 models, overcoming the imperfections caused As a patient advocate Ruston sees rhe patients people ranging in ages from 40 co 60 who by differences in physiology. before they see a physician. "I take che attended regularly. A couple of people were "Of course," she added, "like animal mod­ patient's hiscory and vital signs, order routine able co lose weight and people did begin co els or any other models, computer-generated exercise more." models are only as good as the input. Heidi Hagman, a Howard Hughes-NIH "Jc is essential that physiologists and scholar, joined the clinic in September. She biophysicists form reams to explore the wealth arcended the training session offered by the of information available from cheir spe­ clinic co become a patient advocate. cialties," Gwathmey said. "That will provide a Hagman, a third-year medical student from pathway for ·models of human disease that can Oregon Health Sciences University, said she be used co the fu llesc. " liked working at the clinic because, "I had Gwathmey is in the cardiovascular division, done a 6-week rotation in family medicine in department of medicine, Harvard Medical my studies and 1 didn't want to lose my clini­ School, and Beth Israel Hospital, Boston.­ cal skills. This is a good way to keep in touch Jim Doherty. D with that. "I saw they needed volunteers," she con­ Weekend Tickets for Orioles Games tinued, "and I had done ocher volunteer work Drs. Josh Zimmerberg and Teresa Jones btcQlne ani­ back home. The clinic does a lot co help the mated when talking about their work at the clinic. R&W has tickets available for every Bal­ hig h mortality race of the working poor. I also Each volunteers time once or twice a month to help timore Orioles home game played on a like that you can work your own schedule-­ Saturday or Sunday. See che O's batcle New provide medical care to the poor. chat is a nice thing." York, Boston, Chicago, Oakland and ocher Through the efforts of several NIH doccors, g reat reams. Don't let the season pass without tests, report findings co physicians, sit in dur­ Renee Wallis, coordinator of development for catching a game or cwo. For more information ing the physician's exam and follow the the Zacchacus Medical Clinic, came co N IH concacr the R&W Activities Desk in Bldg . patient all the way through the visit. recently to discuss the clinic, answer ques­ 31, 496-4600. 0 "Zacchaeus Clinic is great, especially if you tions, and, she hoped, co recruit new want co work with a physician. It is a really volunteers. Children's Beginning Judo Class g reat opportunity. I came from California and In a handout distributed by the clinic, at the Haighc-Ashbury Clinic in San Francisco Wallis states chat teamwork and creative Want your child co learn discipline, get the med students do what the patient advo­ response remain rhe strong suit ac Zacchaeus. into shape and have fun chis summer? The cates do here." "Our first and foremost responsibility is co NIH R&W Judo Club is offering a beginners Ruston continues, "It is a great opporcuniry provide quality medical care to the poor," she class for children 6 and older on Tuesday eve­ for people who are thinking of medicine as a says. nings from 5:30 to 6:30, to run from June 19 career, i:o gee hands-on experience. They also If you would like to volunteer time to the through Aug . 14 . The cost is $35. Contact give you leeway in letting you develop and clinic, please contact Renee Wallis, Sherri Bale, 496-4375 at work or 657-2386 ac implement new programs. For example, the 265-2400. □ home. D page 6 The Record May 29, l990

Steinert Named Chief NIAMS Adds New Laboratory of Skin Biology, A Variety of Disorders To Be Probed

By Lauren Dickie The National Institute of Arthritis and why you end up with an enlarged, raised Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases has recently blemish, a red itchy scale characteristic of established a new intramural laboratory co psoriasis." Transgenic mice developed at the cany out basic research on the skin. Under the laboratory could provide a badly needed model direction of Dr. Peter M. Steinert, the new for chis disease. Laboratory of Skin Biology will conduce fun­ An internationally recognized leader in skin damental studies that explore the nature and research, Steinert received his B .S. in bio­ function of proteins responsible for the matu­ chemistry , organic chemistry and psychology ration of the epidermis, the skin's outermost in 1965 from the University of Adelaide in layer. Australia. In 1972, he received a Ph.D. in "This is an effort co establish a strong pres­ biochemistry from the same institution. From ence of solid laboracory-based research in the 1973 until 1989, when he joined NIAMS, area of skin biology," said Dr. Henry Steinert worked in the Dermatology Branch of Metzger, director of the Intramural Research the National Cancer Institute. He has co­ Program at NIAMS. "Research findings made authored more than 100 papers and is a at the Laboratory of Skin Biology will add member of the American Society for Cell Biol­ enormously to our understanding of normal ogy, the American Society for Biochemistry and abnormal skin development," added Dr. and Molecular Biology and che Society for Lawrence E. Shulman, director of NIAMS, Investigative Dermatology. 0 noting that "knowledge of skin biology at the molecular and genetic levels is essential for the Dr. Peter Steinert development of new strategies to treat skin named in 1.98 l by Dale and Steinert. Filag­ Beware of Campus Fraud diseases." grin appears essential in arranging keratin Once again the NIH Recruitment and The epidermis is a continuously self-renew­ filaments. According to Steinert, "the filag­ Employee Benefits Branch has been made ing tissue less than an eighth of an inch thick. grin-kerarin complex is like reinforced aware of possible fraudulent activities on A slice through the epidermis reveals four cell concrete. Filaggrin is a cementing matrix that campus. layers- basal, spinous, granular and surrounds rods of keratin." This arrangement This rime the case involved a sales repre­ squamous. Each layer reflects a profound gives the squamous cell its elongated, flat­ sentative from a Florida-based company change in an individual epidermal cell's bio­ tened appearance. "We suspect that much of promoting what was supposed to be a high­ chemistry and shape as it is pushed coward che the changes of shape are due co rhe alignment inceresc-earning savings account for an our-of­ skin surface. Round basal cells at the bottom of the keratin filaments in a plane parallel tO state bank. As it turned ouc, the employees of the epidermis rapidly divide, producing the surface of the epidermis. The function of involved had signed up for a life insurance cells that eventually become the flattened the filaggrin is co somehow organize char ori­ policy, not a savings account. squamous cells chat die and flake off at the entation," Steinert said. In addition, these employees were persuaded surface, or stratum corneum. The factors Basic research in skin biology at the labora­ to sign direct deposit forms. While chis com­ responsible for the changes associated with tory and elsewhere is providing tantalizing pany is apparently a valid business enterprise, each cell layer are called differentiation clues to molecular aspects of skin diseases such the sales represencacive was not completely markers. Abouc 90 percent of the proteins as epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, a keratinizing open about exactly what he was selling. Bur, produced in the epidermis are differentiation disorder in which infants are covered with the bottom line is chat he should not have markers called keratin, filaggrin and loricrin. thick, horn-like scales at birth. "In this dis­ been on the NIH campus soliciting business These proteins are under intense molecular ease, it is quire clear chat filaggrin metabolism in the first place. scrutiny at rhe laboratory. is wrong," comments Steinert. The molecular Please remember that it is not legal to To study keratins, the laboratory is develop­ mishap occurs in the granular layer. Viewed solicit on campus without a permit, and ing transgenic mice, animals with human under a microscope, chis layer appears uncom­ according co NIH police, a permit co solicit genes inserted into their own generic material. monly thick and contains greatly enlarged on government property would not be issued. The mice then express human proteins. With keratohyalin granules. Laboratory studies could This is not the first rime this has happened chis model, researchers hope ro learn how the help determine whether there is a problem and it probably won't be the last. NIH is a genes for keratin production are turned on and with the biosynrhesis of profilaggrin or with very large, open campus and it is impossible off, or regulated. Another effort, said Steinert, its subsequent processing into functional filag­ co keep off everyone who is not supposed to be "is to use chis technology to explore the func­ grin molecules. here. So if you are approached by a sales repre­ t ion of the keratin genes by making mutations Work at the laborarory will undoubtedly sentative, you can be certain he or she is nor to the genes and seeing what effect they will improve the understanding of psoriasis, a dis­ on campus legally. Just tell them you are not have, if any, on the skin of che mouse hose. " ease that afflicts approximately 3 million interested, then as soon as possible report 1n other work, Steinert hopes to explore the people. Normally, the epidermis renews itself chem to the NIH police so char they can be molecular structure of keratins and rheir gene once a month. In psoriasis, che epidermis escorted off campus. locations on chromosomes 12 and 17. turns over in 3 co 4 days. "Ir's a simple tem­ The besc defense against these shady deal­ The laboratory is also interested in the poral problem," according co Steinert. "There ings is common sense. If rhe deal sounds too molecular interaction of keratin with filaggrin, is simply nor enough rime for the cells co good to be true, it probably is. Remember, a protein discovered in 1977 by Dr. Beverly mature properly, ro make all the proteins in a solicitation on government property is Dale at the University of Washingron and normal, orderly manner. And that's the reason illegal. 0 page 7 The Record May 29, 1990

NIH Credit Union Celebrates Golden Anniversary, 1940-1990

A few days before Christmas in 1939, a handful of NIH employees gathered in Bldg. 6 and decided co establish a credit union. On Jan. 11, 1940, nine workers got togecher and, with $75 in assets, formally established the NIH Federal Credit Union (NIH FCU). "Money was eight in the thirties," recalls Howard F. Brubach, who was the 38th NIH'er co cast his lot with the member-owned cooperative. "I was in industrial hygiene, and chat involved travel. We figured chat a credit union would help on cash advances-that was the basic reason to start it." Sharing space with a telephone operator's office just off the lobby of Bldg. 1, the credit union attracted some 338 members out of 1, 167 employees in its first year. Employees would make deposits of as little as a quarter at a rime; the captain of the guard office in Bldg. 1 would enter the deposit in a ledger. With a/1110Jt a century of NIH experience between them, Howard F. Brubach (I) and Harry Diehl helped On May 10, 1990, the credit union cele­ the NIH Federal Credit Union celehrate itJ golden amiivenary May 10. The two friends and colleagueJ brated its 50th year of service with a ceremony were among the flrJt to join the credit union 50 years ago and were on hand for the 25th a11niver1ary as in Wilson Hall. Brubach, who had been pres­ well. ent at the 25th anniversary, returned with his colleague Harry Diehl co mark the occasion. mugs and key rings emblazoned with the NIH The NIH R&W Theatre Group entertained "Ir has come a long way and it's a wonder­ FCU's new emblem-a growing tree. rhe gathering with songs from 1940 and with ful organization, believe me," said Brubach, "The credit union members are your tree's a topical rune they wrote for the occasion who spent 50 years at NIH. "I've been with it roots, " observed Jepsen, who served in the called "Dear Creditors." since the scare." Senate from 1979 to 1985. "The credit Employees who would like to join rhe NIH "I know the credit union is great," said union's people-before-dollars philosophy comes FCU may call irs main office, 496-2331.­ Diehl, who was the 60th employee to join the co the fore nowadays. We are the financial Rich McManus 0 union and who retired in 1974 after 40 years front porch and picket fences of our of service to NIH. "Bur so is NIH." communities." Congratulations abounded as eight speakers, "The NIH credit union has stood as a bea­ including NIH acting director Dr. William con of hope for financial needs, just as NIH Raub and a former U.S. senator (Roger Jepsen has stood as a beacon of hope for those wi ch of Iowa, now chairman of the National Credit physical needs," said Kenneth Robinson, pres­ Union Administration) rose to honor the ident of rhe National Association of Federal occasion. Credit Unions. Currently boasting 22,000 members and NIH veteran Diehl, a native of more than $100 million in assets, the credit McGaheysville, Va. , who remains acrive as a union is "now a healthy, growing, stable minister and chemise, regaled the audience financial institution," said Lindsay Alexander, with rales of NIH a half century ago. president and chief executive officer of NIH 'Tm just a farm boy," he cautioned before FCU. embarking on a rambling rate of how he "Attracting new members and improving developed more than 500 new compounds services are rwo main goals for us today," she during his NIH career, including a new proc­ said. "Renewed spirit and diligence are the ess for preparing 2-deoxyribose, a sugar found themes of our fiftieth year. My grearesr hope in DNA. Diehl was honored in 1958 for work is that, 50 years from now, we'll look back char supported development of rhe Salk polio and have accomplished our goals and much, virus vaccine. much more." 'Tm working on cures for cancer and Dr. Philip W. Landfield is the first Nathan W. "NIH feels a deep privilege in hosting the arthritis right now," he continued. Shock Memorial Lecturer, June 8, 3:30 p.m. at credit union," said Raub. "Ir is a first class In somewhat less exuberant tones, Dr. the Johns Hopkim A1th111a and Allergy Center near insricurion whose responsiveness is second co Harley G. Sheffield, who has been affiliated the NIA Gerontology Research Center, Baltimore. none. with NIH FCU since 1969, observed chat the The lecture honors the late Dr. N. W. Shock, fiw Representatives of the credit union's two credit union has grown slowly and not with­ scientific director of N l A . Landfield iJ from the off-campus outposts- Suburban Hospital and out difficulties. department of physio!ogylphar111acology, Brrwman Sibley Memorial Hospital-were also on hand "There's no royal road to anywhere," he Gray School of Medicine. His leaure topic iJ "The ar the catered affair, which transformed into said. "Progress is made little by little. The Glucocorticoid Hypothesis of Brain Aging: New an open house for employees once the speeches NIH credit union has come a long way, bur Evidence on Possible Mechanisms." For detai/J call ended. Guests received commemorative coffee rhe very best in it remains unchanged." (301) 550-1707. page 8 The Record May 29, 1990

PROTEST (Continued from Page JJ ater, but I don't think it was helpful," he concluded. "All of us laced today with considerable trepidation," said NIH acting director Dr. William Raub."But l would applaud our police force for their extraordinary effort of coordination. I'm particularly pleased that the demonstrators restricted themselves, for the most part, to the proper exercise of their First Amendment rights, both in their words and in their signs. "We at NIH sympathize deeply with (pro­ testers') pain, fe-ar and frustration," Raub continued. "But we also recognize how sadly misinformed rhey are. NIH is wholeheartedly committed to the search co unlock the myste­ ries of the AIDS virus and its effects on the immune system, and co identify and discover the therapies and vaccines that will eventually defeat this disease. The lights burn late into the night at the Clinical Center- -M

damaged when demonscracors lee air out of their tires and pasted them with ACT UP decals. Because an AIDS victim dies every 12 minutes in the U.S., protesters offered eerie observance by blowing whistles and sounding horns five times an hour. le seemed rhac many in the crowd carried either a video camera or a regular camera; there was almost a fever to document the event. Protesters cook pictures of each ocher with cheap Polaroids and expensive Nikons. Leaving the C wing, the group moved off toward Bldg. l for the last of the speeches and a die-in, the latter of which was timed co cor­ respond with live local TV news ac noon. Answering claims that he ducked che demonstrators, Fauci said, "I meet literally constantly with these people, either in my office, in homes, or in different cities. We've even put them on several of our advisory com­ Police nab a demomtrator who dimbea atop the mittees. In some respects I've been more Bldg. 31 A portico carrying a proleJt poster. accessible co chese groups than I've been to my own family." Police and Federal Protective Service Police. Fauci assured that there were not hard "le was the first time in my memory that feelings. four different police agencies were called on co "I know persona II y many of the leaders of handle a single event," said Sweat. "The level Seawity Operatiom, negotiates with Tom (r), an today's demonstration. I understand their need of rnoperation and mutual aid was absolutely '30th Jide.r treated one anorher with reason and re.rpecr. to vent their frustration. It's terribly under­ superb." standable by us because the only time you've Two additional forces patrolled the perime­ done enough is when you have the answer. ter of NIH- Montgomery County Police and "Death." Wa

Gives 1990 Ehrlich Lecture Hitchings Recounts Advances in Drug Delivery By Bcrnhan:I Witkop Dr. George Hitchings, president of the purine hypoxanchine that came out of Hitch­ Wcllcome Fund and scientific director ing's laboratory in the 1950s was allopurinol, emeritus, recently delivered the third Paul an inhibitor of the enzyme xanthine oxidase Ehrlich Lecture sponsored by the Foundation involved in the formation of uric acid. Under for Advanced Education in the Sciences. che brand name Zyloprim chis drug turned The award of the Nobel Prize to Hitchings out to be useful not only in preventing uric and his collaboraror Gertrude B. Elion in acid buildup in some cancer patients, but also 1988 honored not only their discovery of new in creating gout, which is characteri.zed by drugs but also the blazing of new trai ls: uric acid deposits in the joints. While drug development had earlier been The principles that guided Hitchings and built on chemical modification of natural Elion led them co the discovery of two impor­ produces, they introduced a more rational tant antiviral drugs: acyclovir or Zovirax, a James Doherty bas been named public affairs officer approach based on a deeper understanding of cure for herpes virus infections, and of the National Center for Research Reso11rces, basic biochemical and physiological processes. azidothymidine, AZT (zidovudine or Retro­ heading the Office of Science and He,dth Reports. Hitchings theorized chat it should be possi­ vir), the only drug approved so far to combat NCRR was recently formed by a merger of the ble ro change the way cells grow by some of the symptoms of AIDS. The mecha­ Division of Resea,·ch Resources and Division of substituting slightly different compounds from nism of acyclovir was the topic of a highly Rmarch Services, Doherty was information officer chose occurring naturally in the body. This cited paper by Elioo and her team in 1977; for DRS since 1982 and served previously as a introduction of false building blocks then acyclovir remains inert until it meets the p11blic affairs specialist and writer-edito,· in interferes with the production of deoxy­ herpes virus. The virus then converts the com­ NIAAA. NIMH and FDA. ribonucleic acid (DNA) and inhibits the pound into a toxic substance bringing about growth of unwanted cells. The key co their its own destruction. The drug was released great success was finding substances that act commercially in 1982 and has become Bur­ selectively, inhibiting cancer but not normal roughs-Wellcome's single most profitable cells. In chat respect they fulfilled Paul product. Ehrlich's postulate that drugs should be para­ The second antiviral drug, AZT, was the sicocropic and not organotropic. result of rhe search for differences in nucleic The sering of successful compounds chat acid metabolism between normal human cells, rewarded their 40-year collaboration came cancer cells, protozoa, bacteria and virus chat from their investigation of DNA metabolism. could be utilized to develop drugs that selec­ They demonstrated that nucleic acids in nor­ tively block the growth of cancer cells and mal human cells are metabolized differently noxious organisms. than in cancer cells, protozoa, bacteria and Hitchings, who is now 85, emphasized che viruses. The first drug of lasting value in can­ role of tradition in his scientific growth and cer therapy was 6-mercaptopurine, released maturation. His special indebtedness goes to Kathy Russell, president of the Children's Inn at under the brand name Purinethol, synthesized Sir Henry Dale, a friend and disciple of Paul NIH, accepts a check from the recmt R&W-/BM by Gertrude El ion in 195 l. After it was Ehrlich, who shared che Nobel prize in 1936 promotion from the sale of computel'.f to NIH shown co inhibit tumor growth in animals, with Otto Loewi for studies of chemical trans­ employee.r. Repmenting Pulsar Data Systems (which Joseph F. Burchenal of the Sloan Kettering mission of nerve impulses. Tradition shows up sells IBM equipment) is Scott McGregor (l), mar­ Institute applied it in clinical trials on chil­ here as progress preserved, while progress is keting director, and William Davis, president and dren with acute leukemia. Unlike today, the tradition brought forward co the latest scare of chief exec11tive officer. Food and Drug Administration released the the arc. D drug immediately for clinical use. In his lec­ ture, Hitchings went from impressive statistics on many thousands of children saved from Bus Trips to O's Games death due co leukemia co moving pictures of his young patients playing and frolicking after If you like to see the Orioles play but don't recovery from cancer. like the idea of driving to Baltimore, R&W While mercaptopurine greatly prolonged has a solution for you: Take the bus1 R&W is the lives of children with leukemia, it d id not offering bus trips to cwo Orioles games: Fri­ stay active in the body long enough to be per­ day, June 8, vs. New York, and Friday, Aug. manencly effective. Together, Elion and l7, vs. Oakland. Cose for each trip is $l9.50 Hitchings then produced azachioprine, a mod­ per person and includes round trip transporta­ ified form of 6-mercaptopurine, the first tion by deluxe mocorcoach and admission to immunosuppressive agent to allow successful the game. For both dates the bus will leave organ transplants. It gained fame and success from NIH Bldg. 3 lC at 5:30 p.m. For more under the brand name lmuran. By 1962, Judith Whalen, NCI planning officer, has been information contact the R&W Activities Desk, lmuran was used with great success in hum.an named chief of the new Planning, Evaluation , and 496-4600. Reservations can be made at any patients undergoing kidney transplants. Analysis Branch within the Office of Program R&W location. D Another modified form of the natural Operations and Planning. page l l The Record May 29, 1990

Plan Outlines Fight Against Kidney, Urologk Diseases BEAC Sponsors Logo Contest The NIH black employees advisory commit­ The National Kidney and Urologic Diseases poverty. Diabetes, a leading cause of end-stage tee (BEAC) is sponsoring an NIH-wide logo Advisory Board has released an ambitious kidney disease, is responsible for 30 percent of contest open ro aJI employees. The contest is 10-year plan, Window on the 21st Century, co new cases each year. being sponsored ro create a greater awareness combat kidney and urologic diseases, with far­ • Prostate cancer is the most common can­ of the objectives and functions of the NIH reaching recommendations for research, educa­ cer in men (excluding skin cancer) and the black employees advisory committee and co tion and health care delivery. second leading cause of cancer deaths in men. acquire a logo that will become the official In its recommendations, rhe board calls for The cost of physician visirs and hospitalization emblem for the BEAC. additional funding tO support kidney and for prostate cancer cotaled more than $976 Selection of the logo will be based on dem­ urologic diseases research and separate NIH million in 1985. onstrated originality, creativity, meaning, and study sections to review grant applications in • Blacks, who comprise 12. 3 percent of the message of the African-American experience, these diseases. The plan also recommends rhar U.S. population, are disproportionately and must illustrate through a positive image NIDDK create an intramural research program affected by end-srage kidney disease and pros­ the BEAC's purpose and objectives. in urology wirh expanded intramural research tate cancer. Blacks account for 28 percent of The purpose of the BEAC is co advise the in nephrology. In addition: end-stage kidney disease patients and black director, DEO, through the black employment • NIDDK should increase training and fel­ men have twice the mortality and a 50 percent program manager, on all matters concerning lowship positions, especially for pediatric higher rare of newly

Skies Part for 13th Annual NIH Challenge Relay 1990 13th ANNUAL NIH INSTITUTE Conducted during a brief interval between Gnomes" from the National Center for CHALLENGE RELAYS showers on a warm and muggy day, the 13th Human Genome Research, "50 l Genes" of TIME TEAM NAME ICD annual NIH Jnstitute Challenge Relay race on NIAMS, and the "Bldg. thirrysomethings" of MIXED OPEN TEAMS May 16 attracted 44 teams composed of some NIDR. 220 runners. Television cities were also popular with 14:47 Dingoc~ NIDDK The race course around Bldg. I was damp NIAID, which entered the "Simpsons." Taste­ 14:48 Golden Powers NHLBI NHLBI as the race commenced at noon; NlH acting less names included "Sex Lethal Mucancs" of 14:58 Active Sights 15:03 Gene Striders NCI director Dr. William Raub fired a starter's NIDR and "Malignant Degenerates" of NCI. 15:04 Pavement Epithelium NEI pistol co begin the competition, sponsored by Uninspired entries included "DCRT Cham­ 15:07 501 Genes NIAMS the NJH Health's Angels Running Club. pions" and NHLBI's "First." Winning the 15:08 T-Timers (IL-Y) NCI This year, a new category was added co the "Come again1" category for obscurity or neo­ 15:34 Mental Lars NCI race. In addition to all-male, all-female and logism were the "Synectics" of NCI. 15:34 Safety Striders DS mixed divisions, there was a master's male 15:37 Pavement Epirheliums NE! division. Winning chis category, in a time of 15:50 T-Timer (IL-2) NCl 13:00, was "Running on Empty," composed 15:55 OfM-Credits OD of Rick Weindruch, Harry Mahar, Carl Roch, 16:03 First NHLBl 16:05 Epitaphs NCI Jerry Moore and Jack Shawver. 16:09 Plodding Cloners The fastest time overall-12:37-belonged cc 16:26 Slowest Common Denominators N IH co the "NJH All Scars," which include Tony 16:31 Sex Lerhal Mutants NIDR Brown, Charles Argoff, Dante Richardson, 17:18 Malignant Degenerates NCI Gary Murray and Steve Miller. They won the 17:23 Travelers OD all-male division. 17:31 Beip for Help NCRR Winning the all-female flight in 15: 16 were 17:34 Ward's Wards OCRT the "Syneccics," made up of Anne Burkhardt, 17:39 Great Bears NHLBI Chris Grady, Robin McKenzie, Alison Wich­ 17:56 Rat Kings NIMH man and Janet Dale. 17:57 Motility Factors NCI 18:19 Human Gnomes NCHGR The mixed division winners, the "Dingoes" 18:31 DCRT Champions OCRT of NIDDK, finished in 14:47. Members 18:46 Latent Potential NCI included Leslie Shelly, Lisa Bares, Craig 18:47 Benny's Jets OD Orlowski, Guck Ooi and Tony Pham. 18:56 Demsey's Dumplings DRG As usual, an informal competition-based 20:42 Full House NIAID on clever team names-paralleled the footrace. A runne,· from NCR R's "40 and BE/Ping" team Among the best entries were "Human completes his leg of the relay race. OPEN FEMALE TEAMS

15:16 Synectics NCI 16:30 Quickies OD

OPEN MALE TEAMS

12:37 NIH All Stars NINOS 13:28 Simpsons NIAID 13:55 Wild Things NIDR l .Vi9 Bleeping Beipers NCRR 14:00 T-Timers (TNF) NCI 15:01 Pad's Packs of Pox NIAID 15:32 Wurtz Possible Runners NEI )6:10 FF Bldg 30 Somethings NIDR 17:03 Quick Blots NCI

MALE MASTERS TEAMS

13:00 Running on Empty NIH 14:56 40 and Beiping NCRR 17:36 Feet of Endurance NCRR

Yo1J'd nm too ifyo 11 had a fierce-looking Dr. Martin Begley of the Cli11ical Center's diag110Jtic radiology department on your fail. Dr. Joe Schmit/ hustles 10 bre?1k the tape ahead of Begley. page 13 The Record May 29, 1990

Cell Bank Service Available Beginning in May, the Human Generic Murant Cell Reposicory wilJ make life easier

-~· ~. ' . w. a-~ for researchers who are mapping human genes...... I.J.·. . '. ,,;\···· .l•i-. The repository, a resource supported by the j ) ~, ~-.,.. National Jnscicute of General Medical Sci­

i a I ences, is already well-known co scientists around the country. It sells over 4,000 well­ characterized cell Lines represencing many human genetic conditions. This service frees researchers from the burden of finding suitable patients who can act as tissue donors. Now, The "Dingoe.r" wo11 the mixed division pyrtion of The "NIH Al/ Stars" won the men's division. the reposirory is expanding its services. For the race. Members included (clockwiu from lower!) They are (from I) Charles Argoff, Dante the first time, it wi ll provide DNA from Leslie Shelly, Guck Ooi, Tony Pham, Craig Richardson, Tony Brown, Gary Murray and Sieve rodent-human hybrid cell lines. Or/(}ll)ski and Lisa Bates. Miller. Gene mappers have taken advantage of chc peculiar characteristics of rodent-human cell hybrids for more than a decade. When human and rodent cells are fused, the hybrid cells contain all the chromosomes of both species. As the cells grow and divide, however, the 23 human chromosomes arc gradually ejected (for reasons that are not clear). Eventually, a given hybrid cell line will contain just a few human chromosomes. A gene mapper can cake a screech of human DNA of unknown chromosomal origin and apply it co, for instance, a hybrid cell line known co contain only human chromosomes Winning the a/I-female division were the "Synec­ and 3. If rhe applied DNA is complementary tics," which i11duded (from I) Robin McKenzie, in sequence co any portion of either of the A1111e Burkhardt, Alison Wichman, Chris Grady Winner of the Master M<1le category was "R1J11ning human chromosomes, it will attach at char point and can later be detected. In one step, andJanel Dale. on Empty," which incl11ded (from I) Jerry Moore, Carl Roth, Harry Mahar, Jack Shawver and Rick the rese-.ircher has narrowed the search for the DNA's chromosomal origin from any one of Wei11druch. Photos: Bill Branson, MAPS 23 possible sites co only two. The time saving is obvious. Rodent-human hybrid cell lines, however, are notoriously unstable, continuing co lose pieces of human chromosomes at random. Moreover, the cells are not useful for gene mapping unless the researcher can be sure exactly which chromosomes they contain (chis process is called "characterizing"). That's where the repository comes in. Working with cell lines originally created by a UCLA researcher, the cell biologists at che repository have developed whar one expert calls "the best characterized somatic cell hybrid panel in the world." (A panel is a series of cell lines chat together contain all the human chromosomes.) Charaeterizacion and DNA extr:tccion are done at the same "passage" level (after the same number of cell division cycles). DNA from the parental cell lines is included in the $1 ,000 purchase price. The repository is also completing its coHec­ tion of somatic cell hybrid lines that each contain only one human chromosome. Researchers who would like co rake advantage of either of these predicted "hot sellers" are invited to call the Human Genetic Mutant Cell Repository, 1-800-752-3805. 0 Two women runners complete a s11ccessf11I baton-passing on the rain-slick race course in front of Bldg. JO. page 14 lbeRecord May 29, 1990

DCRT Director Pratt Retires After 42 Years at NIH clinic," said Prart. "The computer as a tool in the cond uct of When DCRT director Dr. Arnold W. Prate biomedical research is here co scay," he con­ came co NIH in July 1948, computing didn't cluded. "DCRT had much co do with that exist, even as a punchcard operation. maturation. "-Colleen Henrichsen D Forcy-cwo years lacer, biomedical research at NlH has made major strides and computers Fogarty Scholars Win Science Prize have become an integral pare of biomedical Three former scholars-in-residence at the programs and administrative procedures, with Fogarty Internacional Center have won che more than 5,000 personal workstations 1990 Israel Prize in the Life Sciences, Israel's campus-wide and an $800 million central cop science award. computer facility. The three scientists are: Dr. Moshe Prywes, Prate, a pioneer in computing at NJH, will 76, founder of the Ben-Gurion University retire on June 1. Beer Sheva Medical School and now head of its He received his M. D. at the University of Centre for Medical Education; Dr. Meir Rochester School of Medicine in 1946. He Wilchek, 55, of the Weizmann lnstitute of then served on the staff of the New York Hos­ Science; and Dr. Alexander Levitzki, 50, head pital from March 1946 co July 1947 and was of Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Life Sci­ a research associate ac Cornell Medical School ence lnsticuce. for I year. All three scientists came to NIH in the late Dr. Arnold Pratt Pratt joined NIH as part of the Laboratory 1970s and early 1980s. Prywes, a Fogarty of Physical Biology. A year lacer he joined Today, the computer center is made up of scholar during 1979-80, pioneered a humanis­ NCI's Laboratory of Physiology where he even­ six lBM 3090 processors that contain a rocal tic approach co educacing physicians. He also tually became head of the energy metabolism of more than 768 million bytes of directly sought co increase physician training in section. There he invescigaced many biomedi­ addressable memory. The center now processes developing countries. He created a com­ cal research areas where compucer technology more than L1,000 interactive sessions, 75,000 munity-oriented medical school in the Negev was applied. He subsequently published sev­ database transactions and 18,000 batch jobs that became famous for its innovative reaching eral papers on computational analysis of d'aily. program. ultraviolet absorption spectra and the use of Among accomplishments of che division Wilchek helped develop a widely used proc­ computers in cancer chemotherapy. Pratt cites chc early development of natural ess chat rapidly purifies biologically active In 1962, Pratt received the first laboratory language processing, developed in the late compounds. Affinity chromatography has been computer ac NJH- an IBM 1620. t960s and early 1970s, that allows computers used ro produce growth hormones, vaccines, "We realized chat computers were needed co co understand and find lines of text. and enzymes, including interferon and inter­ calculate in all biophysics work ro reduce the "No one's done bercer since then," he said. leukin, both important anticancer weapons. quantities of numbers," he said. It also established programs for servicing Leviczki became a Fogarty scholar at age That need became evident campus-wide and surgical pathology data chat are still in effect 4 I-one of the youngest scientists ever a steering committee was formed in 1963 that 20 years later. chosen. He had already made key conrribu­ recommended a division on computer sciences. More recently under P ratt's direction, rions co enzymology and had been a visiting NIH direcror Dr. James Shannon acted on the DCRT has established a Personal Computing scientist at the National Cancer Institute. The steering committee's report and the Division Branch co serve the needs of che users of more Lsrael Prize cited his application of theory and of Computer Research and Technology was than 5,000 personal workstations at NIH; experimental research in making discoveries established on Apr. 16, 1964. lt came into awarded a 10-year contract for state-of-the-art about molecular biochemical control physical being in Occober 1965 and the for­ mainframe computing technology; enhanced mechanisms. 0 mal program was launched in August 1966 scientific computing by acquiring a Convex ~ 1 \",,es with the appointment of Prart as the division's computer co provide a minisupercompucer 0il't ~vr-6es o9rfei~ first direcror. capability; led a project co acquire 40 molecu­ \f> \II By then, Pratt had been at NIH for nearly lar graphics workstations ro provide NIH 20 years and was considering retirement from scientists with powerful computational PHS. He was looking into opportunities at capability; established a network cask group co universities and medical centers thar were provide support for a campus-wide communi­ beginning biomedical computer activities. cations structure; and established ao Pratt gladly accepted the challenge co advance administrative database that supports and biomedical computing at NIH. maintains a huge software package. The urgent cask of the new DCRT was co "A past look at computation and data proc­ develop and maintain a compucing service that essing at NIH shows chat it has been exciting could meet NIH's developing needs for all and productive. Our computer facilities have areas of data handling, including management served well the biomedical statistician and programs, extramural grants programs and mathematician and provided a reliable technol­ i.mramural research programs. In 1967, the ogy chat greatly enhances the scientist's ability NIH central facilicy consisted of two IBM co define, conduct and evaluate experiments. 360/50 computers , machines of very modest "As fruitful as the past has been, the future capacity chat could accommodate an average of promises even more as the ideas and aspira­ 43 defined jobs per day, submitted as card tions of 25 years of pioneering computer decks and run on batch mode. science are realized in the laboratory and the page 15 The Record May 29, 1990

=TRAINING TIPS NIH Science Writers Honored The NIH Training Center of the Division NIH science writers from the National Cen­ of Personnel Management offers the following: ter for Research Resources and National Institute on Aging recently won awards from Courses and Progra111; Dates rhe mid-Atlantic chapter of the American Management and S11pervi1ory 496-6371 Medical Writers Association at its 15th annual Praccical Management Approaches 6/13 competition for excellence in writing on bio­ Managing Behavior in che medical and health-related topics. Work Environment 6/19 NCRR's Maureen B. Gardner claimed first Practical Management Approaches 71 l O lnrerpersonal Relacionships in place for her brochure, "From Cells to Selves: the Work Environment 7/10 The National Institute of Child Health and Working W ith Personal Differences: H uman Development." MBTJ Applications for Personal Karen McCrory Pocinki of NIA won honor­ Developmenc 7/ 17 able mention for her booklet, "Resource Articudes: How They Affecc Produccivit)' Directory for Older People." Dr. Kendall G. Powers ( /), a DRG health scien­ in the Work Environment 7/ 19 Applied Creativity 7124 Authors of che winning entries, which were tist administrator, retired rn:ently after 42 years of Communications for Results 7/24 judged on the basis of accuracy, literary style, active and reserve duty in the cormninioned corp; . Reviewing Other Peoples' Writing 7/25 clarity and interest co intended audience, He received the Defense Meritorious Service Medal received their prizes May 8 during a ceremony Office Operations Training 496-6211 fmtTJ Maj. Gen. David S. Trump of USUHS. Delegated Acquisition 6/25 held at the National Press Club. 0 Powers· citation read, "The distinctive accomplish­ Basic Time and Accendance 6/7 ments of Capt. PowerJ culminate a long and Dome5ric Travel 6/ 18 distinguiJhed career in the service of his country and Foreign Travel 6/12 reflect great credit upon himself the U.S. Navy, Training and Development Services 496-6211 Norma Guenterberg Retires USU HS and the Depart111ent of Defense."

Personal Computer training is available rhrough User Resources Center (URC) self study courses. There is no Norma L. Guemerberg, secretary to Terry F. Pechacek in NCI's Smoking, Tobacco, and cost co NIH employees for these hands-on sessions. Employee Day at Children's Inn The URC hours are: Cancer Branch, retired Apr. 30 after 27 years Mou.~Thurs. 8:30 a.m. - 7 p.m. of government service. In lieu of the custom­ Friday 8:30 a.m. - 4:30 p.m. ary retirement luncheon, she requested chat The Children's Inn at N!H invites all NIH Sacurday 9 a.m. - J p .m . coworkers wishing co honor her at this time employees to celebrate the grand opening of Training Center, DCRT, and other training send donations co the Children's Inn at NIH the inn on Tuesday, June 19. The inn will information is available on WYLBUR. Logon or to St. Ann's Program for their "boarder host an open house from 11 a.m. to 4 p.m. to WYLBUR and type ENTER TRAINING babies." 0 during which employees may tour the build­ ing on their own or with a guide. In conjunction with NIH Employee Day, the inn also welcomes the Camp Fantastic Bar­ becue on Tuesday, June 19 from 11:30 a.m. until 2 p.m. The Camp Fantastic Barbecue lunch will cost $5 and includes chicken, hot dogs, beans, applesauce, chips, beverages, and dessert. In addition co a great lunch, tick­ etholders will be treated to emerrainmem by the pop-rock band Streetlife--back by popular demand. Tickets for the Camp Fantastic Bar­ becue can be purchased at any R&W location. A limited number of tickets is available, so get your tickets early! 0

Italian Dinner Offered June 1

An .Italian dinner wi ll be held at the FAES Center located at Old Georgetown Road and Cedar Lane in Bethesda on Friday, June l. Dinner will be served at 7 p.m. with a social hour beginning at 6 p.m. The cost of the din­ Member; of the IBM Symm1 Integration Division pment to the Children's Inn a complete computer, monitor, ner is $7 (payable at the door) with a cash printer and software for the playroom. Pictured above are(/ tor): Andrew Tart/er, exemtive director, Chil­ bar. The dinner, which includes spaghetti, dren's Inn; Michael Prokup Jr., IBM Infor111ation Center analyst; Kirsti \Vilso11. social work intern; Jack meatballs, salad, and cannoli is being spon­ \Vimm, vice president, IBM, Gaithersburg, Md. ; Kathy Rmsell, pre;ident, Children's Inn; Kate Higgins, sored by the Order Sons of Italy in America, re;ident manager, Child1-m'; Inn; Randy Schools, gene,-al manager, R&W; and Pat Onken, marketing man­ Lodge #2547. RSVP for reservations by call­ ager, IBM. ing 30 1-652-6136. 0 page 16 The Record May 29, 1990

DRG's Dwyer Meets the President, Is Named One of America's 'Thousand Points of Light'

By Sue Meadows

W hen David Dwyer, a Division of Research Grants employee, wrote co the presi­ dent of the United Scates Jase February, inviting him to visit the Bethesda-Chevy Chase Rescue Squad, of which David is chief, he had in mind the celebration of B-CC's 50th anniversary of volunteer service. But when President Bush came co visit on Apr. 25, dur­ ing National Volunteer Recognition Week, it was not only co help celebrate that event, but also co highlight the work of the volunteer rescue squad members by naming chem one of America's "thousand points of light." Dwyer was singled ouc by the president as one of those responsible for keeping the volun­ teer service strong during the 21 years he has served as the squad's volunteer chief. He praised Dwyer for being on the "front lines" of saving lives. In return, Dwyer presented the president with a badge and a chiefs helmet and made him an honorary squad member. Dwyer, a management analyst in DRG, said he felt "fantastic" about the president's visit. "le is very heart warming co see that President Bush shakes hands with DRG's David Dwyer who, as chief of the Bethesda-Chery Chase Resme kind of support from the president." Sq11ad, received special recognition when the president ca111e to visit during National Vo!1tnteer Recognition President Bush arrived ar rhe B-CC station \\1/eek and named the squad members one ofA.111erica 's "thousand points of light." about 2 p.m. and was given a 20-minute tour of che facilities. Afterwards he spoke briefly at Between these events, Dwyer continues to a ceremony attended by the squad's volunteers do what he has done for 21 years- lead a ded­ and cop county officials. Accompanying him icated group of volunteers in providing one of Symposium on Vascular Biology were Congresswoman Connie Morella of Mary­ the best-equipped fleets of emergency medical land and Congressman Curt Weldon of rescue services in the country co the commu­ "Vascular Biology and Medicine: The Next Penosylvania, chairman of the congressional nities of Bethesda, Chevy Chase, and upper Froncicr," a National Heart, Lung, and Blood fire service caucus. Northwest Washington. Dwyer says that the Institute symposium, will be held in Masur From a seat on the podium, Dwyer heard work is extremely rewarding and rhat rhe Auditorium, Bldg. 10, on June 6 and 7. the president call him and the other squad rewards are all his. D At the conference, leading rese-archers and members the "backbone of America." Such experts in the field will present their views on volunteers, both fire and rescue, he said, the state of the science, problems facing cur­ "meet local emergencies risking your lives to rent understanding, and anticipated save others. I salute you. I respect and honor developments in vascular biology and medi­ you for a job well done. Thank you from the cine. Frontiers to be discussed include generic bottom of a grateful heart." therapy for vascular disease, antibody targeting Morella also paid tribute co the rescue in vascular disease, development of an artificial squad, both at the ceremony and the next day blood vessel foe vascular grafts, and new treat­ when she spoke on rhe floor of the House of ment technologies such as angioscopy and laser Representatives of these "volunteers who sacri­ angioplasty. fice their time and put themselves ac risk daily The symposium is the fourteenth in the for their community." Dwyer can take satis­ NHLBJ series, "Frontiers in Basic Sciences faction from the words of Morella published in That Relate co Heare , Lung, and Blood Dis­ the Congressional Rec{ffd, "I was delighted to eases." N HLBI sponsors the series co help accompany the President co the rescue capitalize on and transfer the progress achieved squad ... co congratulate the members of the in basic science disciplines co clinical research squad, with a special congratulations programs. co ... Chief David S. Dwyer." Former Miss America (1959) Mary Ann Mobley For more information or co obtain a regis­ A week lacer, after Dwyer had time ro savor (I) meets with NlDDK dire,·tor Dr. Phillip cracion form , contact Gerri Wolfle, the congrarulacions and praise he received, Gorden and his wife Vivian re.cently before testify­ 496-9899. □ there was yet more recognition. Ar a cesci­ ing on Capitol Hill. A victim of Crohn's disease, monial dinner, he was presented one of 12 h1obley asked Congress to 111ake more frmds avail­ Volunteer Adminiscracor Awards for 1990 able for rm.arch into digestive diseases at NIDDK. from Governor Schaefer of Maryland . Both Mobley and Gorden are native M iSJissippians. U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 19~ 201- 7(,91000()17