Wind Energy Analysis in Use and Implementation in Mexico

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Wind Energy Analysis in Use and Implementation in Mexico ISSN 0798 1015 HOME Revista ESPACIOS ÍNDICES / Index A LOS AUTORES / To the AUTORS Vol. 41 (Issue 12) Year 2020. Page 21 Wind energy analysis in use and implementation in Mexico Análisis de la energía eólica en uso e implementación en México SILVA, Jorge A. 1 Received: 24/12/2019 • Approved: 24/03/2020 • Published 09/04/2020 Contents 1. Introduction 2. Methodology 3. Results 4. Conclusions Bibliographic references ABSTRACT: RESUMEN: There is a lack of research into the way that wind power can be Hay una falta de investigación sobre la forma en que la energía used in Mexico. The purpose of this systematic literature review is eólica se puede utilizar en México. El objetivo de esta revisión to highlight how the government of Mexico has developed and sistemática de la literatura es destacar cómo el gobierno de implemented projects aimed at harnessing wind power. The México ha desarrollado e implementado proyectos destinados a PRISMA methodology was implemented. Results showed that aprovechar la energía eólica. Se implementó la metodología wind energy is a growing industry in Mexico and the nation has PRISMA. Los resultados mostraron que la energía eólica es una the potential to become a force in Central America with regards industria en crecimiento en México y la nación tiene el potencial to wind energy generation. de convertirse en una fuerza en Centroamérica con respecto a la Keywords: Clean energies, renewable energies, wind energy. generación de energía eólica. Palabras clave: Energías limpias, energías renovables, energía eólica. 1. Introduction Ever since the advent of the 21st century, scholars and practitioners alike have documented and raised concerns with regard to issues surrounding energy security and environmental pollution .The concerns have prompted private and public entities to develop and implement renewable energy sources that are not only environmentally friendly but also those which can help in cutting down on costs incurred during the creation of energy. By definition, renewable energy sources are said to be those which are replenished naturally with examples provided by Miller and Spoolman (2012) being inclusive of wind, solar, or even geothermal heat. The subsequent analysis will lay a primal focus on the use of wind energy, which describes the process by which wind is used to generate electricity. Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into mechanical power. A generator can convert mechanical power into electricity (Golfman, 2012). Estimations from scholars show that at least 35% of the wind on the earth’s surface can be harnessed for energy purposes (Climate Action Tracker, 2016; Miller & Spoolman, 2012). The 30% availability of the natural form of energy means that at least 1.26x109MW amounts of energy can be produced, which can meet the entire demand and supply needs of the international community (Boyd, Turner, & Ward, 2015). Comparative analyses show that wind energy comes intact with a myriad of benefits and merits compared to traditional energy sources (Rodríguez, Jesús, Jaramillo, & Martínez, 2015). With wind energy, governments can be sure to cut down on the amount of harmful gases emitted into the atmosphere as it is clean and environmentally friendly (Robinson, Thresher, & Veers, 2008; Kalmikov, 2017). In addition, the energy source is free and inexhaustible, meaning that it is available in copious amounts. The utilization of wind energy can help in reducing the demand rates for fossil fuels and other kind of energy, atomic for instance, with the estimated cost per kWh of wind energy being low compared to that of other energy sources. The main objective of this systematic literature review is to highlight how the government of Mexico has developed and implemented projects aimed at harnessing wind power. The research paper will evaluate the literature from a prescriptive and analytical overview addendum to highlighting any gaps in research. Furthermore, the research analyses the various challenges faced by the government during the formulation and subsequent passing of wind energy-related projects. Finally, the paper will underscore the divergent regulations set up by the government for the overarching aim of controlling the wind energy market in the nation and how this has helped in the continued growth of the nation. 2. Methodology The researcher implemented the PRISMA methodology (Moher et al., 2015) to collect all the requisite data with regards to wind energy in Mexico. This methodology was chosen primarily because it helps researchers to improve the quality of the systematic review results. Also, the tool is vital in the determination of the necessary articles through the use of a 21-item checklist. The selected period ranged from the years 1970 to 2019. The electronic databases such as SCOPUS, Environment Index, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar as well as Web of Science were used. 3. Results The implementation of the PRISMA technique for the identification, selection as well as the determination of the best papers for the overall research led to the collection of at least 61 papers. Twenty-two of the identified papers were reports with 29 being research papers. At least five were journal articles, while 1 of them was a case study. There were three articles and one book from the identified papers. All of the articles met the set metrics by the STROBE checklist with the Web of Science website authenticating their quality (Table 1). Table 1. Literature selected Title Type of Authors and Comments document date Strategies for the Development of Report ANES (2000) The report evaluates the divergent Renewable Energy in Mexico strategies to be implemented by private and public entities in the development of renewable energy in the nation Accommodating wind power in a Book Pasqualetti The chapter provides a step by step hostile landscape chapter (2002) overview into the types of strategies that can be used when communicating to communities with regards to the implementation of wind energy projects Renewable Energy for Protected Research Romero-Paredes The paper espouses on the strategic Areas of the Yucatan Peninsula paper Rubio et al. initiatives set up by the Mexican (2003) government, which can help improve the use of renewable energy Wind Force 12: a blueprint to Report Global Wind This report analyses the various steps to achievee 12 % of the world’s Energy Council be taken by the international community electricity by 2020 (2005) in the implementation of wind energy for electricity production purposes Project Appraisal Document On A Report World Bank The report appraises wind energy projects Proposed Purchase Of Emissions Group (2006) and how they have helped in curbing the Reductions By The Spanish Carbon emission of gases Fund And The BioCarbon Fund. In the Amount of US$ 17,473,211 From The Comision Federal De Electricidad (Mexico) For The Wind Umbrella (La Venta II) Project Central Eoloeléctrica La Venta II Research Cadenas Tovar The research highlights how wind energy paper and Saldivar can be harnessed in power plants and Urquiza (2007) which factors need to be considered prior and after implementation Hedging Mexico’s Electricity Bets: Report Farchy (2007) The report analyses how electricity is The Case for Renewable Energy generated in Mexico through the use of renewable energy sources Grassroots Resistance: Contesting Article Sanchez (2007) The article provides a step by step Wind Mill construction in Oaxaca overview into the types of strategies that can be used when communicating to communities with regards to the implementation of wind energy projects Short term wind speed forecasting Research Cadenas and The paper evaluates the key factors to be in La Venta, Oaxaca, México, using paper Rivera (2009) taken into account when harnessing wind artificial neural networks energy Barriers to clean development Research Lokey (2009) The research analyses the different mechanism renewable energy paper challenges facing the Mexican government projects in Mexico when setting up wind energy projects Wind Conflicts In The Isthmus Of Research Oceransky The research analyses the different Tehuantepec. The Role of paper (2009) challenges facing the Mexican government Ownership and Decision-Making when setting up wind energy projects Models in Indigenous Resistance to Wind Projects in Southern Mexico Why we still don’t understand the Research Aitken (2010a) This research analyses the various social aspects of wind power: a paper challenges faced by the Mexican National critique of key assumptions within Government in the development and the literature implementation of wind energy sources Wind power and community Journal Aitken (2010b) The article evaluates the various benefits: Challenges and Article challenges to be faced in setting up wind opportunities projects and how the government can use them to their benefit Power in Mexico: Renewables Article Bonetto and The article evaluates how wind energy is Remain More Desired than Real Story (2010) growing to become a key tenet of the overall Mexican economy Wind speed forecasting in three Research Cadenas and The paper analyses how firms in Mexico different regions of Mexico, using a paper Rivera (2010) can measure and collect wind energy in 3 hybrid ARIMA–ANN model different regions Use of Renewable Energy in the Report Elizalde Baltierra The report analyses how electricity is Electric Power Generation Sector in et al. (2011) generated in Mexico through the use of Mexico: Political, Regulatory, renewable energy sources Economic
Recommended publications
  • Challenges for the Commercialization of Airborne Wind Energy Systems
    first save date Wednesday, November 14, 2018 - total pages 53 Reaction Paper to the Recent Ecorys Study KI0118188ENN.en.pdf1 Challenges for the commercialization of Airborne Wind Energy Systems Draft V0.2.2 of Massimo Ippolito released the 30/1/2019 Comments to [email protected] Table of contents Table of contents Abstract Executive Summary Differences Between AWES and KiteGen Evidence 1: Tether Drag - a Non-Issue Evidence 2: KiteGen Carousel Carousel Addendum Hypothesis for Explanation: Evidence 3: TPL vs TRL Matrix - KiteGen Stem TPL Glass-Ceiling/Threshold/Barrier and Scalability Issues Evidence 4: Tethered Airfoils and the Power Wing Tethered Airfoil in General KiteGen’s Giant Power Wing Inflatable Kites Flat Rigid Wing Drones and Propellers Evidence 5: Best Concept System Architecture KiteGen Carousel 1 Ecorys AWE report available at: https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a874f843-c137-11e8-9893-01aa75ed 71a1/language-en/format-PDF/source-76863616 or ​ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329044800_Study_on_challenges_in_the_commercialisatio n_of_airborne_wind_energy_systems 1 FlyGen and GroundGen KiteGen remarks about the AWEC conference Illogical Accusation in the Report towards the developers. The dilemma: Demonstrate or be Committed to Design and Improve the Specifications Continuous Operation as a Requirement Other Methodological Errors of the Ecorys Report Auto-Breeding Concept Missing EroEI Energy Quality Concept Missing Why KiteGen Claims to be the Last Energy Reservoir Left to Humankind
    [Show full text]
  • A Case Study in the Social and Historical Context of Wind Energy Development in Southern Mexico
    enticed by the wind A Case Study in the Social and Historical Context of Wind Energy Development in Southern Mexico 1 WILSON CENTER LEADERSHIP The Honorable Jane Harman, Director, President, and CEO BOARD OF TRUSTEES The Honorable Thomas R. Nides, Chairman Public members: The Honorable James H. Billington, Librarian of Congress The Honorable John F. Kerry, Secretary, U.S. Department of State David Skorton, Secretary, The Smithsonian Institution The Honorable Arne Duncan, Secretary of Education The Honorable David Ferriero, Archivist of the United States William Adams, Chairman, National Endowment for the Humanities The Honorable Sylvia Mathews Burwell, Secretary, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Designated Appointee of the President from within the Federal Government The Honorable Fred P. Hochberg, Chairman and President, Export-Import Bank of the United States Private Citizen members: Peter Beshar, John T. Casteen III, Thelma Duggin, Lt. Gen. Susan Helms, USAF (Ret.), The Honorable Barry S. Jackson, Nathalie Rayes, Earl W. Stafford, Jane Watson Stetson WILSON NATIONAL CABINET The Honorable Joseph Gildenhorn and Willem Kooyker Mrs. Alma Gildenhorn, Co-Chairs The Honorable Raymond Learsy and Eddie and Sylvia Brown *Ms. Melva Bucksbaum Dr. Armeane and Mrs. Mary Choksi Linda B. and Tobia G. Mercuro The Honorable Sue Cobb and The Honorable Thomas R. Nides The Honorable Chuck Cobb Nathalie Rayes Lester Crown Wayne Rogers Thelma Duggin B. Francis Saul II Judi Flom Ginny and L.E. Simmons Sander R. Gerber Diana Davis Spencer Harman Family Foundation Jane Watson Stetson Susan Hutchison Leo Zickler Frank F. Islam *Deceased The Winds of History In 1946, Basil Nikiforoff et al.
    [Show full text]
  • What If the Smartest Decision Was to Invest in the Planet
    WHAT IF THE SMARTEST DECISION WAS TO INVEST IN THE ¿ PLANET INTEGRATED REPORT 2019 WHAT IF THE SMARTEST DECISION WAS TO INVEST IN THE ¿ PLANET INTEGRATED REPORT 2019 I Index 4 6 22 Letter At a glance The first company of a new from the Chairman sector The future is challenging 24 Business as Unusual 32 Investing in the planet 34 Experts in designing a better planet 40 INTEGRATED REPORT 2019 118 154 156 The value of doing About this report Appendices things right _ Effective, strategic, Appendix I 156 customised governance 118 Appendix II 170 Exemplary conduct under a compliance framework 138 Integrated focus on risk control and management 140 Diverse talent with expertise in designing a better planet 144 Innovation to lead the change 148 174 Leading the way to a sustainable, decarbonised Independent Assurance economy 152 Report I Letter from the Chairman Letter from the Chairman José Manuel Entrecanales CHAIRMAN OF ACCIONA ACCIONA's 2019 Integrated Report is being published in volunteers around the world who provided support and the midst of one of the most acute crises that humanity assistance where we were required. There are no borders has faced in recent history. This situation has created in this crisis, no states, no north or south. great uncertainty and severely tested the mechanisms that our society and its institutions have to resist and Situations like the one we are experiencing encourage 4 overcome adversity, however unexpected and unknown. us to persevere in our main mission as a company, focused on strengthening the basic mechanisms that My thoughts are with everyone who has lost a loved one make societies work.
    [Show full text]
  • Vattenfall Offshore Wind Portfolio
    Chapter 9: Renewables 1. BWK: Erneuerbare Energien – Stand 2013 (Auszug) (2014) 2. Scientific American: A Path to Sustainable Energy by 2030 (2009) 3. Vattenfall: Wind Energy in Europe (2011) 4. NREL: 2010 Cost of Wind Energy Review – Synopsis (2012) 5. Alstom Wind Turbines for Onshore and Offshore Operation (2014) 6. Analysis of the Conversion of Ocean Wind Power into Hydrogen (2013) 7. Design and Experimental Characterization of a Pumping Kite Power System 8. MPC for airborne wind energy generation (2013) 9. Laddermill sail – a new concept in sailing (2007) 10. BWK: Effizienter Strom aus der Sonne (2011) 11. Concentrated Solar Power Solutions by Alstom 12. Design and implementation of an innovative 190ºC solar ORC pilot plant at the PSA (2011) 13. Tidal Power Solutions by Alstom 14. Performance Analysis of OTEC Plants With Multilevel Organic Rankine Cycle and Solar Hybridization (2013) 15. Wege zur nachhaltigen Energieversorgung – Herausforderungen an Speicher und thermische Kraftwerke (2012) 16. BWK: Energiespeicher (2015) 17. Wasserstoff – Das Speichermedium für erneuerbare Energien (2012) 18. Neuer Entwicklungsansatz bei Druckluftspeichern (2013) 19. Druckluftspeicherkraftwerk mit Dampfkreislauf (2016) 20. Wirtschaftliche Bewertung von Stromspeichertechnologien (2012) ENERGY A PATH TO SUSTAINABLE ENERGY BY 2030 Wind, water and n December leaders from around the world for at least a decade, analyzing various pieces of will meet in Copenhagen to try to agree on the challenge. Most recently, a 2009 Stanford solar technologies Icutting back greenhouse gas emissions for University study ranked energy systems accord- can provide decades to come. The most effective step to im- ing to their impacts on global warming, pollu- 100 percent of the plement that goal would be a massive shift away tion, water supply, land use, wildlife and other from fossil fuels to clean, renewable energy concerns.
    [Show full text]
  • Design of a High Altitude Wind Power Generation System
    A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Design of a High Altitude Wind Power Generation System Imran Aziz Linköping University Institute of Technology Department of Management and Engineering Division of Machine Design Linköping University SE-581 83 Linköping Sweden 2013 ISRN: LIU-IEI-TEK-A--13/01725—SE Acknowledgements The work presented in this thesis has been carried out at the Division of Machine Design at the Department of Management and Engineering (IEI) at Linköping University, Sweden. I am very grateful to all the people who have supported me during the thesis work. First of all, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my supervisors Edris Safavi, Doctoral student and Varun Gopinath, Doctoral student, for their continuous support throughout my study and research, for their guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing useful information regarding the thesis work. Special thanks to my examiner, Professor Johan Ölvander, for his encouragement, insightful comments and liberated guidance has been my inspiration throughout this thesis work. Last but not the least, I would like to thank my parents, especially my mother, for her unconditional love and support throughout my whole life. Linköping, June 2013 Imran Aziz i Abstract One of the key points to reduce the world dependence on fossil fuels and the emissions of greenhouse gases is the use of renewable energy sources. Recent studies showed that wind energy is a significant source of renewable energy which is capable to meet the global energy demands. However, such energy cannot be harvested by today’s technology, based on wind towers, which has nearly reached its economical and technological limits.
    [Show full text]
  • Two Decades Under Windmills in La Venta, Mexico from an Annoyance to a Blessing – for Some
    Two Decades Under Windmills in La Venta, Mexico From an Annoyance to a Blessing – for Some Gerardo A. Torres Contreras University of Sussex United Kingdom Draft paper prepared for the UNRISD Conference Overcoming Inequalities in a Fractured World: Between Elite Power and Social Mobilization 8–9 November 2018, Geneva, Switzerland The United Nations Research Institute for Social Development (UNRISD) is an autonomous research institute within the UN system that undertakes multidisciplinary research and policy analysis on the social dimensions of contemporary development issues. Through our work we aim to ensure that social equity, inclusion and justice are central to development thinking, policy and practice. UNRISD Palais des Nations 1211 Geneva 10 Switzerland [email protected] www.unrisd.org Copyright © United Nations Research Institute for Social Development This is not a formal UNRISD publication. The responsibility for opinions expressed in signed studies rests solely with their author(s), and availability on the UNRISD website (www.unrisd.org) does not constitute an endorsement by UNRISD of the opinions expressed in them. No publication or distribution of these papers is permitted without the prior authorization of the author(s), except for personal use. Abstract Scholarship touching on wind energy development in the Mexican case, especially in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, overlooks the long-term uneven social effects resulting from this industry at the local level. This paper seeks to analyse the process through which wind energy has exacerbated patterns of rural social differentiation in La Venta – the town where the first wind energy project in Latin America was established in 1994. This differentiation has happened between landowners, and between landowners and landless people.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. Venture Capital and Private Equity
    LBloomberg NewEnergyFinance |2011 EAGUE TABLE RESUltS BOOK >>>>>>>>>>>>> CL E A N E ne RGY RGY LE AGU E TA B L E S 2011 CONTENTS ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................... 4 1. VENTURE CAPITAL & PRIVATE EQUITY.............................................................. 6 2. PUBLIC MARKETS.................................................................................................... 10 3. MERGERS & ACQUISITIONS................................................................................. 13 4. PROJECT FINANCE................................................................................................... 17 5. CLEAN ENERGY FUNDS......................................................................................... 22 6. CARBON MARKETS.................................................................................................. 24 appendiX ............................................................................................................................. 27 ABOUT us............................................................................................................................. 30 INTRODUCTION ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// 2010 – Global financial investment in clean energy rebounds to signal recovery from recession After a modest increase in 2009, total financial investment Now
    [Show full text]
  • IEA WIND 2014 Annual Report
    IEA WIND 2014 Annual Report Executive Committee of the Implementing Agreement for Co-operation in the Research, Development, and Deployment of Wind Energy Systems of the International Energy Agency August 2015 ISBN 978-0-9905075-1-2 Front cover photo: Tugliq Énergie Enercon 3-MW turbine at Raglan Mine, Quebec, Canada with aurora borealis (Credit: Justin Bulota) Message from the Chair By the end of 2014, more than 370 giga- watts of wind electricity were in operation worldwide, providing 5% of the world’s elec- tricity demand, and IEA Wind member coun- tries are world leaders in this wind deploy- ment. For example, Denmark gets 39.1% of its electricity from wind, China has deployed nearly 115 gigawatts of wind energy, the Unit- ed Kingdom increased offshore capacity 22% in 2014 and Germany reached half of its 2020 offshore target of 6.5 gigawatts. Over the past decade, great strides in wind energy technol- ogy development have enabled these impres- sive deployment numbers. R&D collaboration amongst the 21 countries of IEA wind has played a major role in addressing the most dif- ficult to solve wind technology challenges; and collaboration will continue to be important as future challenges are identified and addressed. The IEA Wind Annual Report documents the activities and accomplishments of the IEA Wind mem- ber countries in 2014. The report also shows the wide breadth of research being conducted world-wide, as reflected in the thirteen IEA Wind cooperative research tasks. In 2015, IEA Wind plans to add two new research tasks, to improve wind forecasting and to take a systems approach to wind turbine design.
    [Show full text]
  • List of TUV NORD JI/CDM Projects
    TÜV NORD CERT JI/CDM Certification Program List of projects conducted within TN CERT JI/CDM Certification Programme Period: from 01.01.2017 until 03.05.2021 Date of Document: 03.05.2021 Contact: [email protected] Project Name (Short) Proj.-No. Scheme VAL/VER Scheme-No.Project Name (UNFCCC or full title) Host Country Bokpoort CSP 6thVER 21/049 CDM VER 7841 Bokpoort CSP (Concentrating Solar Power) Project, South South Africa Solvatten water purifiers (pre-verification) 21/048 Other Other 9999 - Kenya SD Biosupply VCS PAF 21/047 PAF Other VCS416 SD Biosupply Wastewater Treatment and Biogas Utilization Project Thailand SD Biosupply VCS 4thVER 21/046 VCS VER VCS416 SD Biosupply Wastewater Treatment and Biogas Utilization Project Thailand SD Biosupply VCS 3rdVER 21/045 VCS VER VCS416 SD Biosupply Wastewater Treatment and Biogas Utilization Project Thailand ABC GS VPA6 3rd VER 21/044 GS VER GS5801 African Biogas Carbon Programme Kenya ABC GS VPA3 4th VER 21/043 GS VER GS4236 Africa Biogas Carbon Programme Uganda Amin 100MW UER 4th VER 21/042 14064-2 VER 9999 Amin 105 MW Solar PV Project Oman Bokpoort CSP 5thVER 21/041 CDM VER 7841 Bokpoort CSP (Concentrating Solar Power) Project, South South Africa Forestal San Pedro PAYCO 21/040 VCS VAL+VER VCS9999 Afforestation in Coorperation with local landowners for San Pedro S.A. Paraguay Waldklimaprojekt Frenkentäler 21/039 14064-2 VAL+VER ISO9999 - Schweiz Qianbei AR VCS+CCB VER 21/038 VCS VER VCS2082 Qianbei Afforestation Project China Liangdu AR VCS+CCB VER 21/037 VCS VER VCS2083 Liangdu
    [Show full text]
  • Energy-Policy Framework Conditions for Electricity Markets and Renewable Energies
    Division Water, Energy, Transport TERNA Wind Energy Programme Energy-policy Framework Conditions for Electricity Markets and Renewable Energies 16 Country Analyses Eschborn, November 2009 Energy-policy Framework Papers, Section »Energy and Transport« DIVISION WATER, ENERGY, TRANSPORT TERNA WIND ENERGY PROGRAMME | 2 Energy-policy Framework Conditions for Electricity Markets and Renewable Energies 16 Country Analyses Eschborn, November 2009 Energy-policy Framework Papers, Section »Energy and Transport« Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH Division Environment and Infrastructure PO Box 5180 65726 Eschborn Germany Internet: http://www.gtz.de Edited by: Rolf Posorski and Daniel Werner GTZ, TERNA Wind Energy Programme Authors: ECOFYS Germany GmbH Layout: Bosbach Kommunikation & Design GmbH, Internet: www.bosbach.de 3 Table of contents 4 New Edition of the TERNA Country Survey 5 Legal Information 6 The TERNA Wind Energy Programme Latin America 7 Argentina 30 Brazil 50 Caribbean States 94 Chile 114 Mexico 136 Panama 154 Peru Africa / Middle East 175 Egypt 196 Morocco 216 Namibia 231 Senegal 252 South Africa 283 Tunisia Asia 303 Indonesia 328 Pakistan 345 Vietnam 4 New Edition of the During 2008 the existing wind power capacity grew by 29 TERNA Country Survey percent to reach 121 GW. The US and European market acted as the driving force for the wind energy industry Since the first edition of the TERNA country survey ap- and provide still an indispensable background of experi- peared in 1999, there has been a distinct heightening of ence. However, growth in the industry is also increasingly public and political awareness of the consequences of cli- apparent in developing and emerging countries: China mate change and of energy provision as a key factor in doubled its wind power capacity for the fifth year in a sustainable development.
    [Show full text]
  • Construction and Real Estate and the Electric Report Will Be Drafted That Will Include the Utilities Sector Supplements
    SUSTAINABILITY REPORT 2014 ACCIONA’s 2014 Sustainability Report is available online. It can be accessed by scanning the above QR code using various devices. Contents 4 8 10 18 CHAIRMAN’S ABOUT THIS COMPANY TRIPLE STATEMENT REPORT PROFILE BOTTOM LINE 24 36 68 212 PERFORMANCE MATERIALITY ACCIONA’S GRI INDEX BY REGION ANALYSIS COMMITMENT 76. Corporate governance 84. People 112. Innovation 124. Environment 156. Value circle 178. Society 220 190. Stakeholder Engagement 198. Dissemination and INDEPENDENT leadership ASSURANCE 206. Accountability REPORT CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT Dear friends, The year 2014 will be remembered by the Company and its various stakeholders as the year of the return to growth. With the aim of alleviating the impact of the stagnation caused by the global recession in certain markets in which ACCIONA operates and the significant effects JOSÉ MANUEL ENTRECANALES that the regulatory changes had on our Chairman of ACCIONA business activities, in 2013 we launched an Action Plan, the objectives of which were successfully reached in 2014. By making use of adequate strategic levers, acquiring new partners, seeking out greater internal efficiency and synergies, and carrying out occasional strategic divestments, ACCIONA was able to take advantage of important opportunities for its businesses, especially internationally. The capacity to adapt, the talent and effort shown by our teams, and also our capacity to continue generating shared value – even during these complicated times – are some of the main pillars on which the return to growth has been based. In this regard, and being aware of the importance that having the best capabilities has for the success of any organization, in 2014 we strengthened our strategy of identifying and capturing talent by using social media and increased this method of disseminating our job offers.
    [Show full text]
  • Report Profundo
    Undermining our future A study of banks’ investments in selected companies attributable to fossil fuels and renewable energy A Fair Finance Guide International case study Ward Warmerdam Alexandra Christopoulou Anniek Herder Charissa Bosma Joeri de Wilde Michel Riemersma Jan Willem van Gelder With contributions by: Victoria Fanggidae, Evert Hassink, Petra Hamers, Soren Henriksen, Jakob König, Yann Louvel, Jesper Stegmann, Alexandre Naulot, Yuki Tanabe, Guilherme Teixeira, Frank Vanaerschot, Gine Zwart 2 November 2015 Contents Summary ..................................................................................................................... i Introduction ................................................................................................................ 1 Chapter 1 Background ...................................................................................... 2 1.1 What is at stake? ....................................................................................... 2 1.2 International initiatives ............................................................................. 4 Chapter 2 Methodology ..................................................................................... 9 2.1 Approach ................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Selected financial institutions .................................................................. 9 2.3 Selected companies ................................................................................ 12 2.3.1
    [Show full text]