Design of a High Altitude Wind Power Generation System
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Investigation of Innovative Structuers and Materials of the Towers Used in Wind Turbines
SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING INVESTIGATION OF INNOVATIVE STRUCTUERS AND MATERIALS OF THE TOWERS USED IN WIND TURBINES Rawane Abdaoui Suppurvised by : Abderrazzak El Boukili May 3rd / 2018 Table of Contents Table of Figures .......................................................................................................................... 3 Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... 7 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 8 STEEPLE ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................... 11 Chapter 1: General Overview on Wind Turbines ...................................................................... 13 How is wind created?..................................................................................................................... 13 Types of Turbines based on the site .................................................................................................. 16 Offshore wind farms ...................................................................................................................... 16 Onshore wind farms ...................................................................................................................... 17 Types of Wind Turbines based on formalities .................................................................................. -
Theme 1 | Mini-Symposia WESC 2021
Theme 1 | Mini-Symposia Mini-Symposium: Advances in Lattice Boltzmann Methods in Wind Energy Stefan Ivanell, Henrik Asmuth (Uppsala University) Mini-Symposium: Advances in Lattice Boltzmann Methods in Wind Energy May 25 13:40 - 15:20 CEST Session Chairs: Stefan Ivanell (Uppsala University) (moderators) Henrik Asmuth (Uppsala University) Time Duration Speaker Affiliation Title 13:45 - 14:15 25 + 5 min Manfed Krafczyk TU Braunschweig GPGPU-accelerated Urban Scale Wind Simulations based on Lattice-Boltzmann methods Eastern Switzerland University Investigation of the influence of the inlet boundary conditions on the turbulent flow over 14:15 - 14:35 15 + 5 min Alain Schubiger of Applied Sciences a smooth 3-D hill 14:35 - 14:55 15 + 5 min Henrik Asmuth Uppsala University Lattice Boltzmann Large-eddy Simulation of Neutral Atmospheric Boundary Layers Friedrich-Alexander University A Holistic CPU/GPU Approach for the Actuator Line Model in Lattice Boltzmann 14:55 - 15:15 15 + 5 min Helen Schottenhamml Erlangen Simulations Session briefing: starting from 12:30 CEST (same virtual room) WESC 2021 Theme 1 | Mini-Symposia Mini-Symposium: Array-Array Interactions and Downstream Wake Effects Rebecca J. Barthelmie, Sara C. Pryor (Cornell University), Charlotte Hasager (DTU Wind Energy) Mini-Symposium: Array-Array Interactions and Downstream Wake Effects (I) May 25 15:30 - 17:10 CEST Session Chairs: Sara C. Pryor (Cornell University) (moderators) Charlotte Hasager (DTU Wind Energy) Time Duration Speaker Affiliation Title 15:30 - 15:50 15 + 5 min Jana -
Optimal Control of Power Kites for Wind Power Production
FACULDADE DE ENGENHARIA DA UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO Optimal Control of Power Kites for Wind Power Production Tiago Costa Moreira Maia PREPARATION FOR THE MSC DISSERTATION Master in Electrical and Computers Engineering Supervisor: Fernando Arménio da Costa Castro e Fontes Co-Supervisor: Luís Tiago de Freixo Ramos Paiva February 7, 2014 c Tiago Costa Moreira Maia, 2014 Abstract Ground based wind energy systems have reached the peak of their capacity. Wind instability, high cost of installations and small power output of a single unit are some of the the limitations of the current design. In order to become competitive the wind energy industry needs new methods to extract energy from the wind. The Earth’s surface creates a boundary layer effect on the wind that increases its speed with altitude. In fact, with altitude the wind is not only stronger, but steadier. In order to capitalize these strong streams new extraction methods were proposed. One of these solutions is to drive a generator using a tethered kite. This concept allows very large power outputs per unit. The major goal of this work is to study a possible trajectory of the kite in order to maximize the power output using an optimal control software - Imperial College London Optimal Control Software (ICLOCS), model and optimize it. i ii Contents 1 Introduction1 1.1 Context . .1 1.2 Motivation . .2 1.3 Objectives . .2 1.4 Document Structure . .2 2 State of the Art5 2.1 High Wind Energy . .5 2.2 High Wind Energy Systems . .6 2.3 The Laddermill . .9 2.3.1 Dynamic Model the Tethered Kite System . -
Kite Power Technologie
KITE POWER TECHNOLOGIE Het besturingssysteem hangt ongeveer 10 m onder de vlieger Roland Schmehl Associate Professor, Institute for Applied Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology (ASSET), TU Delft De wind hoog boven de grond wordt gezien als een potentieel zeer grote bron van duurzame energie. Conventionele windturbines met hun starre toren zullen nooit in staat zijn deze bron ten volle te benutten. Eén van de mogelijke oplossingen om deze wind op grote hoogte te benutten, is het gebruik van kite power systemen. De kite power onderzoeksgroep van het ASSET instituut aan de TU Delft is bezig met de ontwikkeling van een kite power systeem gebaseerd op pompende cycli. Het 20 kW test systeem maakt gebruik van een enkele kabel die de kite met de grond verbindt. De kite wordt bestuurd door middel van een besturingssyseem onder de kite. Systematische tests in 2010 hebben bevestigd dat het pompende concept geïmplementeerd kan worden met een relatief laag energieverlies veroorzaakt door de pompende beweging. Het concept is Alle afbeeldingen bij dit artikel: een aantrekkelijke optie voor het onttrekken van windenergie van grote Asset, TU Delft hoogte en heeft de potentie om significant goedkoper energie te produceren dan conventionele windturbines. 22 WIND NIEUWS - APRIL 2011 Figuur 1: Energie producerende fase (kabel uitrollen) en energie consumerende fase (kabel inrollen). High altitude wind power Het onttrekken van windenergie van grote hoogte brengt een aantal voordelen met zich mee. Ten eerste het feit dat de wind op hoogte harder en constanter is dan de wind waartoe conventionele windturbines toegang hebben. Hierdoor kunnen vliegende wind energie (Airborne Wind Energy, AWE) systemen, die boven de 150 m ingezet kunnen worden, een substantieel hogere capaci - teits factor hebben. -
Power Kite Wind Speed Guide
Power kite wind speed guide Continue Photographer: Nathan Kirkman 1 of 13 Changing wind on the roof, a trellis photovoltaic solar panel topped with ten feet high vertical axis wind turbines -first ever approved in the city of Chicago for residential use. Together, they produce about 10,000 kilowatt-hours of electricity per year, which is about half the building's electrical needs, said project architect Greg Gibson. 2 of 13 Change in Wind owners Lisa and Frank Mauceri in their unique home; The Bucktown building is the only LEED for a gold-certified single-family home in Illinois. 3 of 13 For ultimate comfort in the living room, the owners chose the warmest parts of the Togo that Michelle Ducaroy designed for Ligne Roset in the 1970s and the wool rose carpet of Nani Markina; Lighting includes a pair of vintage Artimede floor lamps and a Foscarini Supernova pendant from YLighting. 4 of 13 Wind Change eco-savvy Valcutin kitchen. 5 of 13 Changing Wind Architect Michael Wilkinson (left) with colleague Greg Gibson 6 of 13 Changing Wind Transparent Kartell Furniture 7 of 13 Changes in the wind of solar bricks on the roof absorb sunlight during the day and mark the way to the roof of the garden at night 8 of the 13 Wind Change Enkasonic sound management matting (usually used to isolate the acoustic floor collection) is a decorative element in the first floor of the Mauceris Office. 9 of the 13 Wind Change Shiny white valcutine cabinets in the main bath are tempered by soft-gray concrete countertops; The mirror reflects the back staircase to the green roof. -
Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy
Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy March 2020 Udo Zillmann Kristian Petrick Stefanie Thoms www.airbornewindeurope.org 1 § Introduction to Airborne Wind Energy Agenda § Airborne Wind Energy – principle and concepts § Advantages § Challenges § Airborne Wind Europe § Meeting with DG RTD www.airbornewindeurope.org 2 § AWE principle and concepts Overview § Principles § Ground generation § On-board generation § Different types § Soft wing § Rigid wing § Semi-rigid wing § Other forms www.airbornewindeurope.org 3 § AWE principle Ground generation (“ground gen”) or yo-yo principle Kite flies out in a spiral and creates a tractive pull force to the tether, the winch generates electricity as it is being reeled out. Kite Tether Winch Tether is retracted back as kite flies directly back to the starting point. Return phase consumes a few % of Generator power generated, requires < 10 % of total cycle time. www.airbornewindeurope.org 4 § AWE principle On-board generation (“fly-gen”) Kite flies constantly cross-wind, power is produced in the on-board generators and evacuated through the tether www.airbornewindeurope.org 5 § AWE principle The general idea: Emulating the movement of a blade tip but at higher altitudes Source: Erc Highwind https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1UmN3MiR65E Makani www.airbornewindeurope.org 6 § AWE principle Fundamental idea of AWE systems • With a conventional wind turbine, the outer 20 % of the blades (the fastest moving part) generates about 60% of the power • AWE is the logical step to use only a fast flying device that emulates the blade tip. www.airbornewindeurope.org 7 § AWE concepts Concepts of our members – soft, semi-rigid and rigid wings www.airbornewindeurope.org 8 § AWE Concept Overview of technological concepts Aerostatic concepts are not in scope of this presentation Source: Ecorys 2018 www.airbornewindeurope.org 9 § AWE Concept Rigid kite with Vertical Take Off and Landing (VTOL) 1. -
Motor/Generator Design Optimization for a Drag Power Kite
Bachelor thesis, research internship, advanced seminar, or master thesis Motor/Generator Design Optimization for a Drag Power Kite Contact/Applications to: Florian Bauer,∗ florian:bauer@tum:de Announcement date: February 23, 2020 Motivation Power generating kites have the potential to generate clean energy at a low cost competitive with coal power plants or cheaper without subsidies (see e.g. [1, 2, 3] and references therein). \Drag power" kites generate power with onboard wind turbines and generators by flying fast crosswind motions, see Fig. 1. Electrical power is transmitted to the ground at a medium voltage level via electric cables in the tether. Figure 1: 20 kW \drag power" kite visualization of kiteKRAFT (image source: http://kitekraf t:de/Images/20kWProduct:png, accessed: Aug 11, 2019). ∗Institute for Electrical Drive Systems and Power Electronics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engi- neering, Technical University of Munich 1 Tasks, Suggested Solution Approach, Expected Results The eight gear-less motors/generators (electrical machines) of kiteKRAFT's kite are currently standard low-voltage RC components, shown in Fig. 2. In the next generation kite, an optimized Figure 2: Powertrain of kiteKRAFT's 5 kW kite (image source: https://miro:medium:com/max /1000/1*hcj4kgUC1NLrYeP -CLJAw:jpeg, accessed: Feb. 23, 2020). machine for the optimal DC link voltage of around 800 V shall be designed. Starting from a literature survey and sourcing information from electrical machine designers and manufacturers, an optimal machine shall be designed and a prototype shall be built and tested. Starting point is the literature list below and a longer literature list provided upon start of work. -
IEA Wind Technology Collaboration Programme
IEA Wind Technology Collaboration Programme 2017 Annual Report A MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR Wind energy continued its strong forward momentum during the past term, with many countries setting records in cost reduction, deployment, and grid integration. In 2017, new records were set for hourly, daily, and annual wind–generated electricity, as well as share of energy from wind. For example, Portugal covered 110% of national consumption with wind-generated electricity during three hours while China’s wind energy production increased 26% to 305.7 TWh. In Denmark, wind achieved a 43% share of the energy mix—the largest share of any IEA Wind TCP member countries. From 2010-2017, land-based wind energy auction prices dropped an average of 25%, and levelized cost of energy (LCOE) fell by 21%. In fact, the average, globally-weighted LCOE for land-based wind was 60 USD/ MWh in 2017, second only to hydropower among renewable generation sources. As a result, new countries are adopting wind energy. Offshore wind energy costs have also significantly decreased during the last few years. In Germany and the Netherlands, offshore bids were awarded at a zero premium, while a Contract for Differences auction round in the United Kingdom included two offshore wind farms with record strike prices as low as 76 USD/MWh. On top of the previous achievements, repowering and life extension of wind farms are creating new opportunities in mature markets. However, other challenges still need to be addressed. Wind energy continues to suffer from long permitting procedures, which may hinder deployment in many countries. The rate of wind energy deployment is also uncertain after 2020 due to lack of policies; for example, only eight out of the 28 EU member states have wind power policies in place beyond 2020. -
The Laddermill - Innovative Wind Energy from High Altitudes in Holland and Australia
Published at: Windpower 06, Adelaide, Australia The Laddermill - Innovative Wind Energy from High Altitudes in Holland and Australia Bas Lansdorp Delft University, The Netherlands Paul Williams RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia Abstract The Laddermill is a novel concept to harvest electricity from high altitude winds. The concept’s operating principle is to drive an electric generator using tethered kites. Several kites are deployed to altitudes of more than 1 km by means of a single cable that is connected to a drum on the groundstation. The upper portion of the cable is connected to the high altitude kites, whereas the lower portion of the cable remains wound around the drum. The kites are controlled to pull the cable from the drum, which in turn drives a generator. After most of the cable is pulled off the drum at high tension, the kites are controlled to fly down in a configuration that generates significantly less lift than during the ascent, thereby reducing the cable tension. The lower portion of the tether is retrieved onto the drum and the process is repeated. The concept allows very large power outputs from single units. The Laddermill concept is being studied at Delft University of Technology, with additional assistance from RMIT University. As part of this cooperative effort, Delft has gathered significant practical experience, including successful demonstration of a small-scale 2 kW Laddermill, as well as having investigated alternative groundstation designs and other kite concepts. At RMIT, modelling, optimisation, and control design for the system has been studied. This paper presents a summary of some of these achievements and will report on future plans. -
Power Limit for Crosswind Kite Systems
Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 5 February 2018 doi:10.20944/preprints201802.0035.v1 Power Limit for Crosswind Kite Systems Mojtaba Kheiri1,2, Frédéric Bourgault1, Vahid Saberi Nasrabad1 1New Leaf Management Ltd., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada 2 Concordia University, Department of Mechanical, Industrial and Aerospace Engineering, Montréal, Québec, Canada ABSTRACT static kite which only harvests from a region of the sky corresponding to its projected cross-section (and/or the rotor area of the turbine(s) it This paper generalizes the actuator disc theory to the application of carries). crosswind kite power systems. For simplicity, it is assumed that the kite sweeps an annulus in the air, perpendicular to the wind direction (i.e. Simplistically, a crosswind system parallels a horizontal axis wind straight downwind configuration with tether parallel to the wind). It is turbine (HAWT), where the kite traces a similar trajectory as the further assumed that the wind flow has a uniform distribution. turbine blade tip (see Fig.1)1. For a HAWT, approximately half the Expressions for power harvested by the kite is obtained, where the power is generated by the last one third of the blade (Bazilevs, et al., effect of the kite on slowing down the wind (i.e. the induction factor) is 2011). To capture the same wind power, a kite does not require taken into account. It is shown that although the induction factor may HAWT's massive hub and nacelle, steel tower and reinforced concrete be small for a crosswind kite (of the order of a few percentage points), foundation. -
Comparative Study of Wind Turbine Placement Methods for Flat Wind Farm Layout Optimization with Irregular Boundary
applied sciences Article Comparative Study of Wind Turbine Placement Methods for Flat Wind Farm Layout Optimization with Irregular Boundary Longyan Wang 1,2,3 1 Research Center of Fluid Machinery Engineering and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; [email protected] 2 School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia 3 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada Received: 18 December 2018; Accepted: 11 February 2019; Published: 14 February 2019 Featured Application: The comparative results of the effectiveness of different wind turbine placement methods will facilitate the application of a more advantageous method to be used for the wind farm design, and hence improve the cost effectiveness of wind power exploitation. Abstract: For the exploitation of wind energy, planning/designing a wind farm plays a crucial role in the development of wind farm project, which must be implemented at an early stage, and has a vast influence on the stages of operation and control for wind farm development. As a step of the wind farm planning/designing, optimizing the wind turbine placements is an effective tool in increasing the power production of a wind farm leading to an increased financial return. In this paper, the optimization of an offshore wind farm with an irregular boundary is carried out to investigate the effectiveness of grid and coordinate wind farm design methods. In the study of the grid method, the effect of grid density on the layout optimization results is explored with 20 × 30 and 40 × 60 grid cells, and the means of coping with the irregular wind farm boundary using different wind farm design methods are developed in this paper. -
Challenges for the Commercialization of Airborne Wind Energy Systems
first save date Wednesday, November 14, 2018 - total pages 53 Reaction Paper to the Recent Ecorys Study KI0118188ENN.en.pdf1 Challenges for the commercialization of Airborne Wind Energy Systems Draft V0.2.2 of Massimo Ippolito released the 30/1/2019 Comments to [email protected] Table of contents Table of contents Abstract Executive Summary Differences Between AWES and KiteGen Evidence 1: Tether Drag - a Non-Issue Evidence 2: KiteGen Carousel Carousel Addendum Hypothesis for Explanation: Evidence 3: TPL vs TRL Matrix - KiteGen Stem TPL Glass-Ceiling/Threshold/Barrier and Scalability Issues Evidence 4: Tethered Airfoils and the Power Wing Tethered Airfoil in General KiteGen’s Giant Power Wing Inflatable Kites Flat Rigid Wing Drones and Propellers Evidence 5: Best Concept System Architecture KiteGen Carousel 1 Ecorys AWE report available at: https://publications.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/a874f843-c137-11e8-9893-01aa75ed 71a1/language-en/format-PDF/source-76863616 or https://www.researchgate.net/publication/329044800_Study_on_challenges_in_the_commercialisatio n_of_airborne_wind_energy_systems 1 FlyGen and GroundGen KiteGen remarks about the AWEC conference Illogical Accusation in the Report towards the developers. The dilemma: Demonstrate or be Committed to Design and Improve the Specifications Continuous Operation as a Requirement Other Methodological Errors of the Ecorys Report Auto-Breeding Concept Missing EroEI Energy Quality Concept Missing Why KiteGen Claims to be the Last Energy Reservoir Left to Humankind