okf"kZd izfrosnu Annual Report 2015-16
HkkÑvuqi&jk"Vªh; ikni vkuqOakf'kd Laklk/u C;wjks (Hkkjrh; Ñf"k vuqLak/ku ifj"kn) iwlk ifjlj] ubZ fnYyh&110 012 ICAR-NATIONAL BUREAU OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110 012 Supervision and Guidance : Dr KC Bansal, Director Dr SC Dubey, Director (Acting) and Chairman, Publication Committee
Compiled and Edited by : Dr Kavita Gupta, Principal Scientist Dr Anjali Kak, Principal Scientist Dr Vandana Tyagi, Principal Scientist Dr MK Rana, Principal Scientist Dr TV Prasad, Senior Scientist Dr K Pradheep, Senior Scientist
Citation : Anonymous (2016). Annual Report of the ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources 2015-16, NBPGR, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India, 195 + x p.
This report includes unprocessed or semi-processed data, which would form the basis of scientific papers in due course. The material contained in the report therefore may not be made use of without the written permission of the Director, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi except for quoting it for scientific reference.
Published by the Director, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110 012, and Printed at Alpha Printographics (India), New Delhi-110 028. Tel.: 9999039940, 9811199620 CONTENTS
Preface v Acronyms and Abbreviations vii-x dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k 1-6 Executive Summary 7-13 Introduction 14-18 1 Division of Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection 19-27 2 Germplasm Exchange Unit 28-33 3 Division of Plant Quarantine 34-49 4 Division of Germplasm Evaluation 50-59 5 Division of Genomic Resources 60-71 6 Division of Germplasm Conservation 72-77 7 Tissue Culture and Cryopreservation Unit 78-82 8 PGR Policy Planning Unit 83-85 9 Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit 86-89 NBPGR Regional Stations/Base Centres 10 Regional Station, Akola 90-93 11 Regional Station, Bhowali 94-100 12 Base Centre, Cuttack 101-107 13 Regional Station, Hyderabad 108-113 14 Regional Station, Jodhpur 114-117 15 Base Centre, Ranchi 118-121 16 Regional Station, Shillong 122-125 17 Regional Station, Shimla 126-130 18 Regional Station, Srinagar 131-134 19 Regional Station, Thrissur 135-140 20 Trainings and Capacity Building 141-146 21 General Information 147-186 21.1 Institute Management Committee (IMC) 147 21.2 Research Advisory Committee (RAC) 147 21.3 Institute Research Council (IRC) 147 21.4 Institute Joint Staff Council (IJSC) 148 21.5 Prioritization Monitoring and Evaluation (PME) Cell 148 21.6 Personnel 150 21.7 Staff Reservations 157 21.8 Staff Transferred/ Retired/ New Appointments 157 21.9 Awards/ Honours/ Prizes 158 20.10 Deputations Abroad 160 21.11 Library and Documentation Services 161 21.12 Germplasm Field Days Organized 162 21.13 PGR Awareness and Biodiversity Fairs 163 21.14 Participation of Staff in Seminars/ Symposia/ Conferences/ Workshops 166 21.15 Publications 169 21.16 Intellectual Property and Technology Management 185 21.17 Participation in International Comparative/ Proficiency Testings for Quality Assurance 186 and Global Harmonization 21.18 Distinguished Visitors 186 Annexure I : Meteorological Data of Regional Stations 187 Annexure II : RFD Documents for ICAR-NBPGR (2014-15) 188-195
PREFACE
It gives me immense pleasure to place before you the Annual Report (2015-16) of the ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR), a nodal organization mandated with planning, execution and coordination of all activities concerned with germplasm collection, introduction, quarantine, evaluation, conservation and documentation at national level. Since its establishment in 1976, ICAR-NBPGR has played a vital role in the management and utilization of plant genetic resources (PGR) for crop improvement. Taking into consideration the various suggestions of the Research Advisory Committee, Germplasm Advisory Committees and Workshops of All India Coordinated Research Networks (AICRN) on various crop groups, plant explorations were undertaken to collect trait-specific germplasm and wild relatives of crop plants, which constituted >50% of the total collections made during the year 2015. In addition, trait specific germplasm with improved nutritional quality, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and transgenic material for research was also introduced from abroad and made available to the researchers after quarantine clearance. During the period, 9,473 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops comprising cereals, pulses, oilseeds, vegetables, potential crops, and medicinal and aromatic plants were grown at New Delhi for characterization, evaluation (including biotic and abiotic stresses), regeneration and multiplication. In addition, under NICRA project, a reference set of 348 wheat accessions for terminal heat tolerance has been grown under late sown conditions for identification of donors. Under CRP on Agro-biodiversity Component I, a total of 59,043 accessions were distributed for regeneration, characterization and evaluation; while under Component II, a total of 5,964 accessions comprising rice (1,000), wheat (1,483), finger millet (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (736) and okra (745), were evaluated at AICRP centres/hotspots for agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses. A total of 11,581 new accessions of germplasm including varieties to be notified and released and trait-specific registered germplasm of various crops were received for long-term conservation in the National Genebank. In addition, 1,900 accessions belonging to fruit crops, bulb and tuber crops, medicinal, aromatic and rare/endangered plants, spices, plantation and industrial crops, and others were conserved as in vitro cultures. Significant progress was made in the development of protocols for cultivar identification in crops of national importance using molecular techniques like STMS, AFLP and ISSR markers. Varieties of different crops were fingerprinted and included in the database on DNA fingerprinting. Four M.Sc. and one Ph.D. student were awarded degrees in PGR from Post Graduate School, IARI, New Delhi during the year. I take this opportunity to place on record my sincere thanks and gratitude to Dr T Mohapatra, the Hon’ble Secretary, DARE and Director General, ICAR, and Dr S Ayyappan, Former Secretary, DARE and DG, ICAR, Dr JS Sandhu, DDG (Crop Science) and Dr JS Chauhan, ADG (Seed), ICAR for their continued guidance, encouragement and support in fulfilling the mandate of ICAR-NBPGR. Special thanks are due to Dr KC Bansal, Former Director, ICAR-NBPGR for steering the Bureau through the year under his dynamic and vibrant leadership. I thank the HoDs, Officers-in-charge, all the scientists, technical, administrative and audit, and supporting staff of NBPGR for their teamwork, efficiency and dedication. Sincere efforts of Drs Kavita Gupta, Anjali Kak, Vandana Tyagi, Mukesh Rana, TV Prasad and K Pradheep in compilation and editing the report are appreciated.
June 22, 2016 SC Dubey New Delhi Director (Acting)
PREFACE v vi ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
ABD Augmented Block Design ABS Access and Benefit-Sharing AICRP All India Coordinated Research Project AKMU Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit APAARI Asia-Pacific Association of Agricultural Research Institutions AVRDC Asian Vegetable Research and Developement Center
BAP Blood Agar Plates BCH Biosafety Clearing House BRNS Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences BSMV Barley stripe mosaic virus BWC Biological Weapon Convention
CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CCI Chlorophyll Content Index CGIAR Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research CGRFA Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture ChiVMV Chilli veinal mottle virus CIARI Central Island Agricultural Research Institute CIMMYT International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center CITH Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture CLRV Cherry leaf roll virus CRP-AB Consortium Research Project on Agrobiodiversity CSIR Council of Scientific and Industrial Research CTCRI Central Tuber Crops Research Institute CWRs Crop Wild Relatives
DACFW Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers' Welfare DAI Days After Inoculation DARE Department of Agricultural Research and Education DBT Department of Biotechnology DIHAR Defence Institute of High Altitude Research DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid DPPQS Directorate of Plant Protection Quarantine and Storage DST Department of Science and Technology DWB Dry Weight Basis
EC Exotic Collection EDCT Ethylene Dichloride-Carbon Tetrachloride
ACRONYMS vii FAO Food and Agriculture Organisation FB Fruit Borer FGB Field Genebank FMS Financial Management System FSB Fruit and Shoot Borer
GBPIHED G. B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development GCLV Garlic common latent virus GFLV Grapevine fan leaf virus GHU Germplasm Handling Unit GPA Global Plan of Action
HPV High Plains Virus HSI Heat Susceptibility Index HWT Hot Water Treatment
IARI Indian Agricultural Research Institute IBSC Institute Biosafety Committee IC Indigenous Collection ICAR Indian Council of Agricultural Research ICARDA International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas ICRISAT International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid Tropics ICRV Indian citrus ringspot virus IERP Integrated Eco-Development Research Programme IIHR Indian Institute of Horticultural Research IIPR Indian Institute of Pulses Research IJSC Institute Joint Staff Council IPGRI International Plant Genetic Resources Institute IRRI International Rice Research Institute ITC International Transit Centre ITPGRFA International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture IVGB In Vitro Genebank IYSV Iris yellow spot virus
L-DOPA L-3, 4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine LMO Living Modified Organism LN Liquid Nitrogen LTS Long Term Storage LYSV Leek yellow stripe virus
viii ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 M&AP Medicinal and Aromatic Plants MCMV Maize chlorotic mottle virus MDMV Maize dwarf mosaic virus MEA Ministry of External Affairs MLS Multilateral System MOA Memorandum of Association MOEFCC Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change MTA Material Transfer Agreement MTS Medium Term Storage MYMV Mungbean yellow mosaic virus
NAAS National Academy of Agricultural Sciences NACEN National Academy of Customs, Excise and Narcotics NAIP National Agricultural Innovation Project NAP National Action Plan NASC National Agricultural Science Centre NBA National Biodiversity Authority NBPGR National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources NDVI Normalized Differentiation Vegetation Index NFBSFARA National Fund for Basic, Strategic and Frontier Application Research in Agriculture NFP National Focal Point NGB National Genebank NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations NHCP National Herbarium of Cultivated Plants NICRA National Innovations in Climate Resilient Agriculture NTC Normally Traded Commodities
OUAT Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology
PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction PEMV Pea enation mosaic virus PEQ Post-Entry Quarantine PEQN Post-Entry Quarantine Nursery PGRC Plant Germplasm Registration Committee PGRFA Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture PIMS Project Information Management System PME Prioritization Monitoring and Evaluation PPV & FRA Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmer’s Right Authority PQ Plant Quarantine PSV Peanut stunt virus
ACRONYMS ix RAPD Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA RBD Randomized Block Design RCGM Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation RKN Root-Knot Nematode RpRSV Raspberry ringspot virus
SAUs State Agricultural Universities SLTB Society for Low Temperature Biology SMTA Standard Material Transfer Agreement SRAP Sequences Related Amplified Polymorphism SSR Single Sequence Repeat
TBRV Tomato black ring virus TCCU Tissue Culture and Cryo-Preservation Unit TNAU Tamil Nadu Agricultural University TSS Total Soluble Solids
ULCV Urdbean leaf crinkle virus UNEP-GEF United Nations Environment Programme-Global Environment Facility UPGMA Unweighted Pair Group Mean Average URL Uniform Resource Locator URP Universal Rice Primers USDA United States Department of Agriculture
WEUP Wild Economically Useful Plants WSMV Wheat streak mosaic virus
YVMV Yellow vein mosaic virus
x ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k
vkbZlh,vkj&jk"Vªh; ikni vkuqoaf'kdh lalk/ku C;wjks ¼vkbZlh,vkj& [ksrh okyk pkoy] dqdqfel ds taxyh :i] ,csyekWLdl dks ,uchihthvkj½ us ns'k esa ikni vkuqokaf'kd lalk/kuksa ds {ks= esa vksfM'kk vkSj if'peh caxky ls ,df=r fd;k x;kA mYys[kuh; usr`Ro dh viuh Hkwfedk ds fuokZg dks tkjh j[kkA o"kZ 2015 ds tuunzO; laxzgksa esa yo.k lfg".kq pkoy tuunzO; tSls jgliatj] nkSjku ikni vUos"k.k rFkk tuunzO; ds laxzg( tuunzO; dk uksukcksdzk] ywukc[kkMk] ywukiVsuh] Hkkyqdh] rFkk nqyHkZ tuunzO; lekos'k] ikni laxjks/k tkWap] mipkj rFkk tuunzO; dks tkjh lxa gz tlS s ,cyekWLds L,q xs ykq lls rFkk fudMªkas Qkblyks fMLks lfEefyr djuk( laHkkouk'khy izkfIr;ksa dh igpku] y{k.k o.kZu] ewY;kadu gSaA rFkk j[kj[kko( jk"Vªh; thucSad esa izkfIr;ksa dk okg~;&LFkkus bl dsanz ij nks lg;ksxh vUos"k.k vfHk;kuksa dk laxzg.k rFkk Qly fdLeksa dh Mh,u, fQaxjfizfVax esa gqbZ izxfr gSnjkckn% lapkyu fd;k x;k rFkk fofHkUu d`f"k&ckxokuh Qlyksa rFkk dk lkjka'k uhps fn;k tk jgk gSA muds taxyh :iksa ds 196 fofo/krk okyh izkfIr;ksa dks ,df=r ikni vUos"k.k rFkk tuunzO; dk laxzg.k fd;k x;kA laiw.kZ ns'k esa dqy feykdj 32 vUos"k.kksa dk lapkyu fd;k x;k tks/kiqj% tks/kiqj ftys ds ywuh rFkk vksf'k;u CykWd {ks= esa ,d ftlesa fofHkUu izdkj dh [kk|kUUk&ckxokuh Qlyksa] Qlyksa ds [kksth vfHk;ku lapkfyr fd;k x;k rFkk taxyh ljlksa ¼4½] xsgwa taxyh :iksa rFkk vkfFkZd egRo ds vU; ikS/kksa dk laxzg fd;k ¼3½] cktjk ¼6½] yksfc;k ¼3½] DyLVjchu ¼3½] eksBchu ¼4½ rFkk x;kA ,uchihthvkj eq[;ky;] ubZ fnYyh }kjk buesa ls] 491 esFkh ¼1½ dh dqy 23 izkfIr;ksa dks ,df=r fd;k x;kA izkfIr;ksa dks vka/kz izns'k] fgekpy izns'k] tEew o d'ehj] e/; izns'k] jktLFkku] mRrjk[kaM rFkk if'pe caxky esa pyk, x, 13 jkaph% >kj[kaM ds iwohZ vkSj if'peh flagHkwe] ljk;dsyk [kjluok vUos"k.kksa ds ek/;e ls ,d= fd;k x;kA /kku ds tuunzO; dh rFkk NRrhlx<+ ds jk;x<+] cyksn] jktuanxkao] dadsj] ukjk;.kiqj Hkw&lanfHkZar] fofo/krk eSfiax rFkk varjky fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;kA rFkk dnkxka oa ftyk as e as nk s vUo"k.ks ,o a lxa gz dk;dZ ekz as dk lpkyua VªkbdkslsaFkst] ,fy;e rFkk ywQk ij tSoflLVesfVd v/;;u fd, dj dqy 84 tuunzO; ds uewuksa dks ,df=r fd;k x;k ftlesa x,A 371 ouLifr laxzgky; uewuksa] 07 cht uewuksa rFkk 08 vjgj d s ¼24½] pkoy d s ¼48½ rFkk jkxh d s ¼12½ tuunO;z 'kkfey vkfFkZd mRiknksa dks ifj"d`r dj mUgsa [ksrh ;ksX; ikS/kksa ds jk"Vªh; gSaA okuLifrd laxzgky; ¼,u,plhih½ esa 'kkfey fd;k x;kA fofHkUu f'keyk% fgekpy izns'k ds ykgkSy o Lihfr rFkk fdUukSj ftyksa [kkstksa ds nkSjku ,uchihthvkj ds {ks=h; LVs'kuksa@vk/kkj dsanz esa tuunzO; vUos"k.k vfHk;ku pyk;k x;kA csgeh ¼1½ fllfeZdzks }kjk ,df=r fd, x, tuunzO; dk lkjka'k uhps fn;k x;k gSA Qkbye ¼27½] vylh ¼5½] gkfMs ;eZ oyxq ;js ¼1½] ,fy;e djks fyfu,ues vdksyk% bl dnas z ij nk s [kkths vfHk;ku pyk, x, rFkk dyq 235 ¼1½] taxyh [kqckuh rFkk taxyh VªkbfVlh ¼17½ dks feykdj dqy ikfIr;kz as dk lxa gz fd;k x;kA lxa fgrz tuunO;z e as dnUu ¼feyV½s 73 izkfIr;ksa dk laxzg fd;k x;kA dh yf{kr iztkfr;ka] 06 izdkj ds NksVs dnUu rFkk muds taxyh Jhuxj% ,uvkjlh ¼,l,l½ ds lg;ksx ls tEew rFkk dk'ehj ds :iksa dks egkjk"Vª ftys ds /kwys rFkk uanjckj ftyksa ls rFkk fofHkUu Hkkxksa ls chth; elkyksa ds 28 tuunzO; izkfIr;ksa dk ,f'k;kfVd foXuk] dStkuls@eqdquk dks nf{k.kh xqtjkr vkSj laxzg fd;k x;k ftlesa izkd`frd rkSj ij mxus okys cfu;e mlds lehiorhZ {ks=ksa ls laxzfgr fd;k x;kA iflZde rFkk dsje dkohZ 'kkfey FksA bl LVs'ku us yn~nk[k ds Hkokyh% bl dsanz }kjk jk"Vªh; vUos"k.k dk;Zdze ¼3½ rFkk okg~; dkjfxy ftys esa taxyh VªkbfVlh vkSj fllj dh [kkst vkSj fuf/k ifj;kstukvksa ¼3½ ds varxZr 06 Qly fof'k"V vfHk;ku lxa g.kz dk;dZ ez e as lg;kxs djd s 14 VDlks l s lca f/kra 96 ikfIr;kz as pykdj tEew o dk'ehj rFkk mRrjk[kaM ds futZu {ks=ksa ls 127 dk laxzg fd;kA izkfIr;ksa dk laxzg fd;k x;k ftuesa frygu ¼35½] ,fy;e ¼28½] f=k'kwj% ukxkySaM] e/;izns'k rFkk xqtjkr esa pyk, x, rhu Qyksa ¼26½ rFkk vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxa/kh; ikS/ks ¼38½ 'kkfey gSaA vUos"k.k rFkk laxzg fe'kuksa esa dqy feykdj 371 uewuksa dk laxzg dVd% dVd dsanz ij pyk, x, rhu vUos"k.k vfHk;kuksa esa dqy fd;k x;kA 123 izkfIr;ksa dk laxzg fd;k x;k ftuesa iksVZsjsfl;k dksdZVkVk]
dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k 1 tuunzO; dk vknku&iznku lksysue ykbdksiflZde ¼VekVj½% rkboku ls izkIr VekVj ihr i.kZ dyZokbjl ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk okyh ykbusa] cSDVhfj;y tuunzO; dk lekos'k % dqy feykdj 48]841 izkfIr;ksa ¼1]25]946 foYV rFkk ¶+;wtsfj;e foYV] vaMkdkj Qy rFkk laf/kjfgr isfMdy uewuksa½ dk vk;kr fd;k x;k ftlesa lhthvkbZ,vkj ulZjh ds ¼bZlh 798219&220½ le;iwoZ ifjiDork] rki lfg".kq ¼bZlh tuunzO; ds ijh{k.k gsrq 40]796 ¼47]047½ rFkk 8]045 izfof"V;ksa 802554&562½ fdLesa] xzs i.khZ; /kCcs] ¶+;wtsfj;e foYV ¼bZlh ¼78]889½ ds uewus 'kkfey gSaA 804955&958½A vk'kkoku xq.k&fof'k"V tuunzO; dk lekos'k ysxsusfj;k fllsjkfj;k ¼ykSdh½ % ;w,l, ls izkIr ikmMjh feYM~;w] gksfMZ;e oqyxs;j ¼tkS½ % ihyk jrqok izfrjksf/krk gsrq yscuku ls ;wtsfj;e foYV rFkk ,aFkzsDukst ¼bZlh 800995&998½ izfrjks/kh tuunzO; ¼bZlh 836449&836745½( rFkk ;wds ls taxyh iztkfr fdLe A ¼bZlh 804982&988½ dk vk;kr fd;k x;kA flVªwyl ysusVl ¼rjcwt½ % ;w,l, ls izkIr dfydk Ård{k; vksjkbtk lsVkbok ¼pkoy½% fQyhihal ls taxyh iztkfr;ksa dh okbjl ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk okyh ¼bZlh 800999&022½A baVªksxzs'ku ykbuksa ¼bZlh801659&729½ ls O;qRkiUu tSfod nckoksa ds ddq felq ehyk s ¼[kjctk½w % ;,l,w l s ikIrz ikmMjh feYM;~ ]w ¶;+ tw fj;es fo#) izfrjksf/krk okys u, lzksr( fQyhihal ls iz/oa'k ¼bZlh foYV rFkk ,aFkzsDukst ¼bZlh 802405&415½ izfrjks/kh fdLeA 803403&440½ ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk( fQyhihal ls mPp ftad va'k ¼blh804017&356½Z okyh ituuz ykbu(as phu l s QVu] nkc d s ifrz osLdksalsfy;k Lih- ¼taxyh iihrk½ % vkWLVªsfy;k ls izkIr iik;k lfg".kq rFkk vPNh nkus ls Hkjiwj xq.k okyh ¼bZlh804559&838½( fjaxLikWV okbjl izfrjks/kh thu okyk taxyh teZIykTe ¼bZlh fQyhihal ls lw[kk lfg".kq ¼bZlh 807584&816½ iztuu ykbusa( 815412] bZlh 816070&071½ baMksusf'k;k ls cSDVhfj;y yhQ CykbV rFkk iz/oa'k ¼bZlh xksflfi;e glqZVe ¼dikl½% ;w,l, ls izkIr vesfjdu viySaM 812972&993½ ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk okyh( usiky ls lw[kk lfg".kq tuunzO; ykbusa ¼bZlh 801556&801658½( ;w,l, ls izkIr f'k;k ls cSDVhfj;y yhQ fdLesa ¼bZlh 814672&816½ rFkk baMksus dyxhnkj&uXu viySaM E;wVsaV ykbu ¼bZlh 807817½A CykbV rFkk iz/oa'k ¼bZlh 830646&897½ ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk okyh fdLesa A lksysue V~;wcjksle ¼vkyw½ % teZuh ls izkIr mPp 'kq"d inkFkZ lfgr teZIykTe rFkk ysV CykbV ds fo#) izfrjks/kh ¼bZlh fVªfVde ,fLVoe ¼ xgs ½aw % jLV e as jkxk.ks :ikq as d s fo'y"k.ks d s fy, 806225&238½( ;w,l, ls izkIr vxsrh CykbV] jxM+] QVu] ysV vkuqoaf'kd LVkWd] ikmMjh feYM~;w jksxk.kq] LVse jLV] czkmu@yhQ CykWbV rFkk fifFk;e yhd ¼bZlh 807941&952½ ds izfr lfg".kq A jLV] flfeV ls izkIr xsgwa dh fofHkUu taxyh iztkfr;ksa rFkk mUur fdLeksa ¼bZlh799617&754½ ls ihyk jrqok thu( ;wds ls izkIr fFk;ksczksek ddko ¼dksdksvk½ % ;w-ds- ls izkIr osLdqyj LVªhd taxyh iztkfr;ksa ¼bZlh 804989&990½( flfeV] eSfDldks ls izkIr MkbcSd izfrjks/kh rFkk CySd ikWM ¼Qyh dk dkyk iM+uk½ ds esfDlu dksj lsV ¼bZlh 831784&948½( flfeV]eSfDldks ls izkIr izfrjks/kh ¼bZlh 809272&283½A bjkfu;u dksj lSV ¼bZlh 832949&193½( esfDldks ls izkIr rki tuunzO; dk fu;kZr % bfØlsV vf/knsf'kr Qlyksa ds ,Q,vks lfg".kq ykbusa ¼bZlh 836759½A izkf/kd`r izkfIr;ksa ¼163 uewuksa½ dh vkiwfRrZ dh lqfo/kk rFkk t+h;k est+ ¼eDdk½ % m".k@miks".k i;kZoj.k ds fy, vuqdwfyr ubZ flfeV edbZ ds VªkW;yksa ¼fons'kh ewy dh mRifRr½ ds 3]142 uewuksa flfeV ykbuksa ¼lh,e,y½ tks fof'k"V xq.kksa tSls lkekU; e/; dh {ks=h; LVs'ku] gSnjkckn }kjk fofHkUu ns'kksa dks vkiwfRrZ A l s ets LVªhd okbjl ¼,e,loh½] Vjflde ÅWpkba Z oky s i.kh;Z jkxks as tS jk"Vªh; vkiwfRrZ % lkexzh LFkkukarj.k djkj ¼,eVh,½ ds rgr yhQ CykbV ¼Vh,ych½] xzs yhQ LikWV ¼th,y,l½] Qs;ksLQsfj;k vuqla/kku dk;ZdrkZvksa ls izkIr vuqjks/k ij ns'k esa fofHkUu Qly yhQ LikWV ¼ih,y,l½] d.kZ jkWV rFkk dkWeu jrqok LikWVsM ruk lq/kkj dk;Zdzeksa esa mi;ksx gsrq jk"Vªh; iz;ksDrkvksa dks fofHkUu cs/kd ¼fpyksikjVsyl½ rFkk vQzhdu LVse cksjj ¼cqfl;ksysQLdk½( Qlyk as d s 12]192 ueukw as dh vkifRrw Z dh xbAZ bld s vfrfjDr] dyq esfDldks ls izkIr lQsn nkusnkj] de ukbVªkstu rFkk lw[kk feykdj 84]195 uewuksa dh iquiztuu@lao)Zu@vkd`frd n'kkvksa ¼bZlh 803523&540½ mRre la;kstu ;ksX;rk( fLoVjySaM ls y{k.ko.kZu@izkjafHkd ewY;kadu@ofxZdh igpku@Mh,u, dksj laxzg ¼bZlh 808940&969½A fQaxjfizafVax@thou{kerk ijh{k.k ds fy, vkiwfRrZ dh xbZA isUuhlsVe XykWde ¼iyZ feysV½% ;w,l, vkuqoaf'kd uj ca/;rk tuunzO; dk laxjks/k okyh (ms3) LVkWd ,u,e&10,p ¼bZlh 802313½A ubZ fnYyh esa] fofHkUu Qlyksa rFkk muds taxyh :iksa ds ijh{k.k gsfy,aFkl ,Uul ¼lwjteq[kh½% ;w,l, ls izkIr uj moZjrk esa izfof"V;ksa lfgr vk;kfrr tuunzO; ds dqy feykdj 1]19]025 lq/kkj rFkk lwjteq[kh jrqok ds fo#) izfrjksf/krk ¼bZlh 816178½A uewuksa dh laxjks/k fDy;jsal ds fy, izkslsflax dh xbZA dbZ fons'kh
2 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 uk'khdhVksa dks lfEefyr djrs gq, xzflr@ladzfer uewuksa ¼2]182½ dh xbZA bfdzlsV ¼744½ ds ihbZD;wvkbZ, ij mxkbZ xbZ fofHkUu esa & dhVksa ¼440½] lw=d`fe;ksa ¼248½] dod@cSDVhfj;k ¼431½] Qlyksa ds 4]909 uewuksa] futh m|ksx ¼3]091½ rFkk ,uchihthvkj fo"kk.kq ¼94½ rFkk [kjirokjksa ¼969½ ds uewus 'kkfey FksA 2]182 xzhugkml ¼678½ dh izos'k&mijkar laxjks/k tkWap dh xbZA xflr@lz da fer@lz na f"krw ueukw as e as l s 2]019 dk s Hkkfrd&jklk;fudS fof/k;ksa tSls /kwezhdj.k] xeZ ty mipkj ¼,pMCY;wVh½] ,Dl&js tuunzO; dk y{k.ko.kZu] ewY;kadu rFkk lao)Zu jsfM;ksxzkQh] dhVuk'kh mipkj] eSdsfudy Dyhfuax rFkk xzksbax& izfrosfnr vof/k ds nkSjku] fofHkUu [kk|kUu&ckxokuh Qlyksa dh vkWu ijh{k.k }kjk cpk;k x;kA 136 uewuksa dks ugha cpk;k tk 9]473 izkfIr;ksa dks y{k.ko.kZu] ewY;kadu] iqu% l`tu rFkk cgqxq.ku ldk blfy, mUgsa jn~n dj fn;k x;kA 58 uewuksa ftuesa dksLVk ds fy, ubZ fnYyh esa mxk;k x;kA tSfod nckc ds rgr fHkaMh fjdk l s pjhs yhQ jkys okbjl ¼lh,yvkjoh½ l s 19 Xykflu s eDl]s ¼725 izkfIr;ka½] mM+n ¼327 izkfIr;ka½ rFkk cSaxu ds 504 izkfIr;ksa xzsiokbu Qsu yhQ okbjl ¼th,Q,yoh½] ih bus'ku ekstsd okbjl dks izkFkfed Ldzhfuax ds fy, mxk;k x;k rFkk jsilhM&ljlksa ¼ihbZ,eoh½] jLicsjh fjaxLikWV okbjl ¼vkjihvkj,loh½] VksekWVks ¼18½] VekVj ¼54½ rFkk cSaxu ¼18½ izkfIr;ksa dks 'kkfey djrs gq, CySd fjax okbjl ¼Vhchvkjoh½( th,Q,yoh rFkk Vhchvkjoh ds 90 izkfIr;ksa dh izeq[k tSfod nckoksa ds fo#) vxzr Ldzhfuax ds dkj.k dukMk l s ikIrz th- eDl(s vkbvkbZ Vh,Z l s foXukW vufXodykVk]q varxZr ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA blds vfrfjDr] xeyksa esa mxkus ds chu ikWM ekWVy okbjl ds dkj.k ukbthfj;k] lh,yvkjoh] fy, fofHkUu Qlyksa dh 916 izkfIr;ksa dk muds tM+&xkaB lw=d`fe th,Q,yoh] ihuV LVaV okbjl rFkk VksekWVks fjax LikWV okbjl d s ifrz ik"khs Lrj dh tkWpa d s fy, eY;kw dua fd;k x;kA vtfodS ls ladzfer Fks] dks fujLr fd;k x;kA dqy feykdj 181 uewuksa nckok as dh n'kk e as xgs aw ¼36½] eDdk ¼32½ rFkk pu s ¼39½ dk s 'kkfey dh fu;kZr ds fy, izkslsflax dh xbZ ftlesa ls 96 ladzfer uewuksa djrs gq, dqy 107 izkfIr;ksa dk lw[kk lgu'khyrk ds fy, dks cpk;k x;k rFkk 7 QkbVkslsfuVjh izek.ki= tkjh fd, x,A ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA tSojklk;fud ewY;kadu ds varxZr fofHkUu vk;kfrr ikjthuh jksi.k lkexzh ds 641 uewuksa dh laxjks/k Qlyksa tSls rksfj;k&ljlksa ¼1]225½] vylh ¼200½] xsgwa ¼200½] edbZ ikz ls fls xa l s irk pyk fd edb Z rFkk dikl e as dod lda e.k(z edbZ ¼38½] puk ¼734½ rFkk fpukikWMs ¼10½ lfgr dyq 1]803 ikfIr;kz as dk esa okbjl( VjfeusVj thu dh vuqifLFkr dks lqfuf'pr fd;k x;k muds xq.koRrk ekunaMksa ds fy, fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;kA rFkk tkjhdj.k l s iow Z lHkh ueukw as dk cpko fd;k x;kA tuunO;z QkbVks&jklk;fud ewY;kadu ds rgr fofHkUu izdkj ds vkS"k/kh; laj{k.k izHkkx ls dqy 18]860 uewus cht LokLF; ijh{k.k ds fy, vkSj lxa/kh; ikS/kksa ds 83 uewuksa dk muds lfdz; ;ksfxdksa gsrq izkIr gq, Fks ftuesa ls 1]262 uewuksa dks fofHkUu uk'khdhVksa ls fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;kA fudjk ifj;kstuk ds varxZr] vafre rkih; lda fer@xz flrz ik;k x;kA dyq feykdj 3]789 ueukw as dh ,Dl&js lgu'khyrk gsrq xsgwa izkfIr;ksa ds ,d 348 lanHkZ&lsV dks nsj ls jsfM;ksxzkQh dh xbZ rFkk 125 uewuksa dks fujLr dj fn;k x;k cksbZ tkus okyh n'kkvksa ds rgr mxk;k x;k rkfd muds nkrkvksa D;kfdas mudk cpko ugh a fd;k tk ldkA 128 ueukw as dk s l=dw fe;k` as ¼MkWuj½ dh igpku dh tk ldsA d`f"k&tSofofo/krk daiksusaV&II ls ladzfer ik;k x;kA blds vfrfjDr] Vhlhlh;w ls 118 ij lhvkjih ds varxZr Qlyksa ds xq.kksa] tSfod vkSj vtSfod fge&ifjjf{kr uewus] cht LokLF; ijh{k.k ds fy, izkIr gq, Fks nckoksa ds izfr pkoy ¼1]000½] xsgwa ¼1]483½] fQaxjfeysV ¼1]000½] muesa ls 14 uewuksa dks fofHkUu izdkj ds dodksa ls ladzfer ik;k rksfj;k ljlksa ¼1]000½] puk ¼736½ rFkk fHkaMh ¼745½ dks lfEefyr x;k bu lcdk cpko fd;k x;kA djrs gq, dqy feykdj 5]964 dk ,vkbZlhvkjih dsanzksa@gkWVLikWV ij ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA tuunzO; mi;ksx dh lqfo/kk gsrq jch gSnjkckn% dyq feykdj 42]885 ueukw as ¼25]508 vk;kfrr( 15]715+ esa fryguh] nyguh rFkk laHkkouk okyh Qlyksa rFkk xsgwa vkSj tkS ]1662 fu;kZr ds uewuksa½ dks laxjks/k fDy;jsal ds fy, ifj"d`r ij nks teZIykTe QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA Qly fd;k x;kA laxjks/k dh n`f"V ls ftu jksxk.kqutdksa@uk'khdhVksa lq/kkj gsrq mi;ksx ds fy, 56 ekaxdrkZvksa dks fofHkUu Qlyksa dh dks vyx fd;k x;k muesa isLVkyksfV;k Lih- rFkk jkbtksDVksfu;k 2]014 izkfIr;ksa dh vkiwfRrZ dh xbZ rFkk xsgwa ¼1]485½] pkoy cVkfVdksyk ¼eDdk& fQyhihal½] vkYVjusfj;k gsfy,aFkh ¼1]000½] rksfj;k ljlksa ¼1]000½] puk ¼250½] fHkaMh ¼250½ rFkk ¼lwjteq[kh&vtsZVkbuk½( IykLeksisjk gyLVsMh ¼lwjteq[kh&;w,l,½( fQxja feyVs ¼1]000½ dk s 'kkfey djr s g,q dyq 5]480 ikfIr;kz as dks dksysVksVªkbde xzsfefudksyk ¼Tokj&ekyh½( Liksfjlksfj;e Øw,aVe lhvkjih ds rgr muds foLr`r ewY;kadu ds fy, fofHkUu lg;ksxh ¼Tokj&ukbtj½( isjksuksLiksjs esa'kwfjdk ¼lks;kchu&dksLVkfjdk dsanzksa dks vkiwfRrZ dh xbZA fofHkUu {ks=h; LVs'kuksa ij fd, x, rFkk ;w,l,½( isjksuksLiksjkisjk flfVdk ¼iRrkxksHkh& ;w,l,½( FkkbySaM tuunzO; dk y{k.ko.kZu o ewY;kadu dk fooj.k fuEufyf[kr gS% ls djsyk ij L;wMksiuksZLiksjk D;wcsafll rFkk dks,usQksjk Lih-( ;wds ls izkIr czsfldk jkik ij vkYVjusfj;k czsflfldksyk( flVksQkbyl vdksyk% jch 2014&15 esa 251 izkfIr;ksa rFkk [kjhQ 2015 ds thest rFkk jkbtksiFksZ Mksfefudk ¼lwjteq[kh&ekyh½ dk vojks/ku nkSjku 277 izkfIr;ksa dks 'kkfey djrs gq, dqy feykdj 528 fd;k x;kA uk'khdhVk as l s lda fer@xz flrz vk;kfrr ueukw as ¼14]507½ izkfIr;ksa dk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;kA Qly&okj izkfIr;ksa esa pkSykbZ dk cpko fd;k x;k rFkk mUgsa ekaxdrkZvksa ¼26]760½ dks tkjh nkuk ¼65½] vylh ¼113½ rFkk dqlqe ¼62½] Mh;w,l ifj;kstuk esa fd;k x;kA nf{k.k Hkkjr esa 45 laxBuksa dks laxjks/k lsok,a iznku jch ¼2014&15½ ds nkSjku pkSykbZ nkuk ¼11½ rFkk [kjhQ] 2015 esa
dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k 3 fry ¼97½] QkWDl feysV ¼60½] ,csyekWLdl V~;wcjdqysVl ¼58½ f'keyk % izfrosfnr o"kZ ds nkSjku dqy feykdj 1]874 izkfIr;ksa rFkk dqyFkh ¼62½ lfEefyr gSaA dks muds y{k.ko.kZu] ewY;kadu rFkk lao)Zu ds fy, mxk;k x;kA fofHkUu xq.kksa ds izfr buesa vkuqoaf'kd fofHkUurk dk O;kid jsat dVd % Qly mxk, tku s oky s pkoy ¼852½] mMn+ ¼25½] feyVs ntZ fd;k x;kA ¼32½] taxyh vksjkbtk iztkfr ¼132½] vkWflee iztkfr;ka ¼69½] eqdquk izq,al ¼21½] fgfcLdl lCnkfjQk ¼11½ lfgr dqy 1]167 Jhuxj % jch] 2014&15 d s nkjkuS fgeky; d s o"kkikZ f"krs n'kkvkas izkfIr;ksa ds ,d lsV dk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;k rFkk fofHkUu d s rgr U;urew fu:idk as d s vulkjq xgs aw ¼200½] tk S ¼100½] rkfj;ks Qly&vkd`frd xq.kksa okys laHkkouk'khy thuksVkbiksa dh igpku ljlksa ¼76½ rFkk vylh ¼52½ dks feykdj dqy 428 tuunzO; dh xbZA Qly mxk, tkus okys pkoy dh 136 izkfIr;ksa ds ,d izkfIr;ksa dk muds vkd`frd&lL;h; fo'ks"krkvksa ds fy, ewY;kadu lsV dh mityeXurk@xgjs [email protected] lfg".kqrk gsrq ewY;kadu fd;k x;k rFkk bu Qlyksa esa ls izR;sd dh fofHkUu xq.kksa gsrq fd;k x;k rFkk laHkkouk'khy thuksVkbiksa dh igpku dh xbZA laHkkouk okys@mRd`"V thuksVkbiksa dh igpku dh xbZ A gSnjkckn % exaw ¼91½] dyFkhq ¼140½] dkx.kha ¼168½] pkykbS Z ¼60½] f=k'kwj % jch] 2014&15 ds nkSjku cSaxu dh 72 izkfIr;ksa] taxyh QhYM chu ¼26½] NksVk feysV ¼128½] fifyislkjk ¼30½] fepZ ¼81½] djyks dh 61] Luds xkMs Z dh 16 rFkk bfoxkMs Z dh 13 ikfIr;kz as dk eDdk ¼33½] Tokj ¼10½ rFkk mM+n ¼4½ dks 'kkfey djrs gq, dqy y{k.ko.kZu@ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA [kjhQ] 2015 ds nkSjku pkoy feykdj 771 izkfIr;ksa dk y{k.ko.kZu dj [kjhQ ds nkSjku mudk ds 207] ;kMZ&ykax chu ds 40] VªkbdkslsaFk t dqdqesfjuk ds 15] jMekbTMas CykWd fMtkbu@vkWxew Vas Ms CykWd fMtkbu e as mUg as mi;Drq dn~nw ds 22] dksdqe ds 31 rFkk fHkaMh ds 7 izkfIr;ksa dk buds pSd fdLeksa lfgr ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA la'ysf"kr ,afQfMIykW;M ds fy, y{k.ko.kZu@ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA tks/kiqj % jch 2014&15 ds nkSjku xsgwa ¼249½ ¼vafre rki thuksfed lalk/ku lgu'khyrk½] czsfldk ¼82½] esFkh ¼165½ dks feykdj 495 izkfIr;ksa ds ,d lsV dk ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA xzh"e 2015 ds nkSjku Xokj 85 iathd`r uewuksa] vartkZr] ladjksa vkSj daiksftV lesr eDdk dhs ¼290½] ewaxchu ¼124½] eksBchu ¼127½ rFkk yksfc;k ¼155½ dk 145 izkfIr;ksa dh dzekuqlkj 32 vkSj 33 ,l,lvkj lfgr fQaxj Qlyh; egRo d s x.kkq as grs q eY;kw dua fd;k x;kA [krks as e as ekBchus fizafVax dh xbZA blds vfrfjDr lqikjh] puk] dikl] Qkck chu] dh nks izkfIr;ksa vkbZlh 36786 rFkk vkbZlh 37822 dh fdzady dyFkh]q ljlk]as tb]Z I;kt] cktjk] vuUukl] pkoy] Tokj] rkjkfejk] okbjl jksx ds izfr mudh varfuZfgr izfrjksf/krk dh iquiZqf"V dh mnZchu rFkk xsgwa dh Mh,u, fQaxjfizafVax dh xbZA ladj fdLeksa] xbZA [kjhQ] 2015 ds nkSjku Xokj ¼872 izkfIr;ka½] ewaxchu ¼355 lqxaf/kr pkoy] vtSfod ncko lfg".kq rFkk le;iwoZ ifjiDo gksus izkfIr;ka½] eksBchu ¼328 izkfIr;ka½] yksfc;k ¼497 izkfIr;ka½] fry okyh pkoy dh dyq 729 ueukw as dh 36 gkbij ofj,cys ,l,lvkj ¼220 izkfIr;ka½] cktjk ¼823 izkfIr;ka½] jkxh ¼41 izkfIr;ka½ rFkk ekdZjksa ds lkFk izksQkbfyax dh xbZA vkd`frd fofo/krk okys 39 fyfVy feysV ¼29½ lfgr dqy feykdj 3]178 izkfIr;ksa dk izkfIr;ksa ds ,aMªksxzsfQl isfudqykVk dk 22 SCoT rFkk 19 lhchMhih ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA izkbejksa ds lkFk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;kA Hkkjr ds mRrj&iwohZ {ks= ds fy, 50 ds ,l,uih fpi dk mi;ksx djds pkoy ds ,d jkWaph % [kjhQ 2014&15 d s nkjkuS vjgj dh 151 ikfIr;kz as d s ,d feuh&dksj tuunzO; lsV ¼194 izkfIr;ksa½ dks fodflr fd;k x;kA lsV dk lao)Zu dj mudk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;k rFkk mRd`"V vkd`frd ekdZjksa ij vk/kkfjr vf[ky Hkkjrh; jkbl dksj ¼789½ ikfIr;kz as dh igpku dh xbAZ [kjhQ 2014&15 d s nkjkuS gh vjgj dks fodflr dj mldk 4 ,l,lvkj ekdZjksa ds lkFk y{k.ko.kZu ¼67½] /kku ¼23½] fQaxjfeysV ¼17½ rFkk jkblchu ¼18½ ds dqy fd;k x;kA 18 vkdfrd&'kjhj` fd;kRedz rFkk mit e as ;kxdkjds feykdj 125 izkfIr;ksa dk ewY;kadu dj mUgsa loaf)Zr fd;k x;kA x.kkq as rFkk 26 ,l,lvkj ekdjkZ as dk mi;kxs djr s g,q xgs aw dh 28 Qy okyh Qlyksa esa dVgy ¼109½] csy¼137½] tkequ ¼43½ rFkk laHkkouk okyh izkfIr;ksa dk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;kA yqQk dh pkj latu ¼11½ esa muds Qy lacaf/kr xq.kksa ds fy, y{k.ko.kZu fd;k itkfr;kz as l s lca f/kra 36 ikfIr;kz as dk 5 ckjdkfMs xa yklkbs Z ¼fcna iFk½q x;k rFkk csgrj izkfIr;ksa dh igpku dh xbZA lfgr fo'ys"k.k fd;k x;kA ykSdh ds 659 bZ,lVh&,l,lvkj dks f'kykax % [kjhQ 2015 ds nkSjku lL;&vkd`frd xq.kksa ds fy, Liat vkSj fjtxksMZ esa LFkkukarfjr fd;k x;kA Liat xksMZ esa 58]865 ;wfuthuksa rFkk 8]934 I;wVsfVo flaiy lhDosal fjihV [kk|kUu&ckxokuh Qlyksa ds tuunzO; ds dqy feykdj 1]055 ¼,l,lvkj½ dh igpku dh xbZ] VªkalfdzIVkse ladfyr ykSdh esa izkfIr;ksa dk y{k.ko.kZu fd;k x;kA fetksje ls laxzfgr 235 2]592 ,l,lvkj] rFkk djsys esa 7]677 ekbdzkslsVsykbu jhtuksa dh eDdk izkfIr;ksa ds ,d lsV ds y{k.klef"V dk pfj=o.kZu fd;k igpku dh xbZA xsgwa ds 6 , dzksekslkse ij izfr 10 ckfy;ksa esa x;k rFkk Vjflde yhQ CykbV ds izfr mldh vuqfdz;k dk D;Vh,yw d s fy, chtk as dh l[;k]a 1]000 nkuk as dk otu rFkk ifrz ewY;kadu fd;k x;kA 10 ckfy;ksa esa cht Hkkj dh igpku dh xbZA pkoy esa 19 yo.k
4 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 vuqfdz;k okys dsafMMsV thu vk/kkfjr ,l,lvkj (cgSSR) ekdZjksa dh leL;kvksa ds lek/kku ds dk;Z dks tkjh j[kk x;kA fofHkUu dk oS/khdj.k fd;k x;kA thuksVkbfiax vuqiz;ksxksa gsrq pkoy Qly oxksZa rFkk n'kkvksa esa pkj HkaMkj.k O;oLFkkvksa mnkgj.kkFkZ ¼vksjkbtk lsVkbok½ esa thukse&okbM 129 ukoWy miRNA-vk/kkfjr nh?kZ&dkyhu HkaMkj.k ekWM~;wy ¼&180 ½] pax yk esa HkaMkj.k d{k ekbdkz ls Vs ykbVs ekdjkZ as dk s fodflr fd;k x;kA ykdhS d s VªkfLda IVkz es ds vanj] d{k ds ckgj rFkk vfr ÅPp vuqla/kku j{kk laLFkku ls 69 ,uch,l&,yvkjvkj thuksa dh igpku dh xbZA foXuk rFkk ¼MhvkbZ,p,vkj½] ysg esa rhu o"kksZa rd HkaMkj.k ds i'pkr ~7% ueh Qsft;ksyl iztkfr;ksa ds vkuqoaf'kd rFkk thuksfed lalk/kuksa ij n'kkvksa esa 19 Qlyksa ls lacaf/kr chtksa dh fuxjkuh dh xbZA MkVkcsl fodflr fd;k x;kA vkS"k/kh; ikS/kksa ¼VhuksLiksjk vadqj.k ij izkIr vkadM+ksa ds fo'ys"k.k ls ;g ladsr feyrk gS fd dkfMZQksfy;k rFkk ,aMªksxzsfQl isfudqykVk½ ds fy, ekbdzks lsVsykbV pax yk ekWM~;wy ds vanj HkaMkfjr chtksa dh HkaMkj.k {kerk dks MkVkcsl dk fodkl fd;k x;kA us'kuy thuksfed lalk/ku jk"Vªh; thucSad esa nh?kZdkyhu HkaMkj.k n'kkvksa ds lerqY; ik;k laxzgky; esa 350 thuksfed lalk/kuksa dk laxzg fd;k x;kA x;kA esyksfp;k dkpksZfjQksfy;k rFkk taxyh pkoy mnkgj.kkFkZ vkjkbtks fuokjk rFkk vkjkbtks #Qhikxks us d s chtk as dh llq IrkoLFkkq 199 th,e bZosaV ds Qly&fof'k"V esfVªlst] 75 vkuqoaf'kd rRoksa dks rksM+us ij v/;;u fd, x,A esyksfp;k dkpksZfjQksfy;k ds fy, lfgr 143 th ,e esTk bZosaV rFkk 44 vkuqoaf'kd rRoksa lfgr 10 feuV rd 700 ls- fMxzh lsfYl;l ij xeZ ty mipkj rFkk dikl d s 56 boZ Vkas as dk s fodflr fd;k x;kA rhu ekdjZ thuk as dks vksjkbtk fuokjk rFkk vksjkbtk #Qhiksxksu ds fMXywEM chtksa ds yf{kr djrs gq, izdV ,y,,eih tkWap] QkWfLQuksfFkzflu&,u& izfr th,3 dk lg&vuqiz;ksx lokZf/kd izHkkoh mipkj ik;k x;kA ,flVkbyVªkalQjst ¼ih,Vh½] QkWLQksesUukst vkblksesjsl ¼ih,evkbZ½ ,uchihthvkj ds lkFk&lkFk vU; izeq[k oSf'od laxzgksa esa ls rFkk yky yksjsalsV izksVhu (ds-Red2) dks fodflr fd;k x;kA ewaxQyh rFkk pkoy ds laxzgksa ds ikliksVZ MkVk ds vk/kkj ij okg~;&LFkkus laxzgksa esa ikjthfu;ksa dh viLFkkfud mifLFkfr dh laLFkku esa fodflr vkj iSdst ds mi;ksx ls izkfIr;ksa fuxjkuh dh xbZ] cSaxu dh 65] dikl dh 50 rFkk fHkaMh dh 50 PGRdup ds laHkkO; MqIyhdsV lsVksa dh igpku dh xbZ A izkfIr;ksa dks jk"Vªh; thu cSad esa lajf{kr fd;k x;k] CaMV35 izorZdksa rFkk ukWu&VfeZusVj dks yf{kr djrs gq, ihlhvkj@fj;y bu foVªks@Ård lao)Zu laj{k.k % o"k Z d s nkjku]S Qy okyh Vkbe ihlhvkj ij[k dh xbZA ,jsfcMksfIll Fksfy;kuk ¼16½] Qlyksa] 'kYd danksa rFkk dan Qlyksa] vkS"k/kh;] lxa/kh; rFkk ;wdsfyIVl dsesyMqysafll ¼79½] XkykbZflu esDl ¼1½] xksflfi;e nqyZHk@ladVxzLr ikS/kksa] elkyksa] jksi.k rFkk vkS|ksfxd Qlyksa iztkfr;ksa ¼20½] efUugkWVsLdqysaVk ¼50½ rFkk th est ¼41½ ds rFkk vU; ls lacaf/kr 1]900 izkfIr;ksa dk dYpj :e n'kkvksa ¼25 vk;kfrr ikjthuh ykbuksa dh 207 izkfIr;ksa dk ijh{k.k fd;k ± 20 l-s fMxhz lfYl;l(s 16@8 ?kVka ½ rFkk de rkieku ¼40 l-s x;kA fMxhz lfYl;l½s ij Lo&ik= s lo)a uZ fd;k x;kA itkfr@thukz Vkbis d s vk/kkj ij vklrS milo)a uZ vof/k dk s 2 l s ydjs 24 ekg rd tuunzO; laj{k.k ik;k x;kA ikbij chVy rFkk ih- ukbxze fdLe lqHkdjk esa fofHkUu Qlyksa dh vf/klwfpr dh tkus okyh rFkk tkjh dh tk lcdYpj vof/k dks ch,ih ds de lkanzrk lfgr csly ehfM;e pqdh ,oa xq.k&fof'k"V iathd`r tuunzO; dks 'kkfey djrs gq, d s O;ogkj dk'kyS l s 24 ekg rd c
dk;Zdkjh lkjka'k 5 dh 40 ikfIr;kz as dh lkof/kd thou{ke ijh{k.k l s irk pyk g S fd fnlEcj] 2015 ds nkSjku Mh,u,&vk/kkfjr vkuqoaf'kd :i 4&10 o"kksZa rd fge&HkaMkj.k ds ckn Hkh vf/kdrj izkfIr;ksa dh ls la'kksf/kr thoksa ¼th,evks½ dh tkWap] cht ijh{k.k ,oa thou{kerk dks cuk, j[kk tk ldrk gSA lR;kiu ij varjjk"Vªh; izf'k{k.k dk;Zdze dk vk;kstu A vU; fØ;kdyki vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] us'kuy ,dsMeh vkWQ dLVEk] ,Dlkbt ,aM ukjdksfVDl ¼,u,lhbZ,u½ rFkk i;kZoj.k rFkk y{;ksa dh izkfIr gsrq fofHkUu fdz;kdykiksa rFkk cqfu;knh ou laj{k.k ea=ky; }kjk la;qDr :i ls lhek 'kqYd dkfeZdksa lajpuk@lqfo/kkvksa ds lqn`<+hdj.k gsrq ;kstuk uhfr;ka rS;kj ds fy, nks fnolh; vof/k ds pkj izf'k{k.k dk;Z'kkykvksa dk djus rFkk ihthvkj izca/ku ls lacaf/kr dk;ksZa dh izxfr dh dze'k% ,u,lhbZ,u] Qjhnkckn esa ¼26&27 vDVwcj] 2015½( leh{kk d s fy, lLFkkua d s icz /kua lfefr] vulq /kkua lykgdkj {ks=h; izf'k{k.k laLFkku ¼vkjVhvkbZ½] ,u,lhbZ,u] pSUubZ lfefr rFkk laLFkku vuqla/kku ifj"kn dh cSBdksa dk le; ¼16&17 uoEcj] 2015½( vkjVhvkbZ] ,u,lhbZ,u] eqEcbZ ¼19&20 ij vk;kstu fd;k x;kA uoEcj] 2015½ rFkk vkjVhvkbZ] ,u,lhbZ,u] dksydrk ¼26&27
fopkjksa ds vknku&iznku rFkk muds dkS'ky dks c<+kus ds uoEcj] 2015½ esa vk;kstu fd;k x;kA fy, laLFkku eq[;ky; rFkk blds {ks=h; LVs'kuksa@dsanzksa ds vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj rFkk i;kZoj.k rFkk ou laj{k.k oSKkfudksa] vuqla/kku v/;srkvksa] rduhdh rFkk iz'kklfud ea=ky; }kjk la;qDr :i ls ikni laxjks/k dkfeZdksa ds fy, LVkWQ us dbZ lsfeukj] flEiksft;k] lEesyuksa] dk;Z'kkykvksa] rhu fnolh; vof/k ds nks izf'k{k.k dk;Z'kkykvksa dk izf'k{k.k rFkk lej Ldwy esa lgHkkfxrk dhA fons'kh cSBdksa vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh eas 8&10 fnlEcj] fy, nl oSKkfudksa dks fons'k Hkstk x;kA esa 'kkfey gksus ds 2015 rFkk 16&18 fnlEcj] 2015 ds nkSjku vk;kstu fd;k bu lgHkkfxrkvksa dk foLr`r fooj.k lkekU; lwpuk ds v/ x;kA ;k; 21 esa fn;k x;k gSA QhYM fnolk aassasaass dk vk;ktusssss % ikni itudkz @vuas lq /kkua dkfedkZ as dbZ izfrf"Br oSKkfudksa] iz'kkldksa] uhfr fuekZrkvksa] fdlkuksa }kjk tuunzO; ds mi;ksx dks c<+kus ds fy, jch fryguksa] rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa us laLFkku ds eq[;ky; esa fLFkr jk"Vªh; nyguksa] laHkkouk;qDr Qlyksa] xsgwa] tkS rFkk fVªfVdsy] tbZ thucSad] Mh,u, fQaxjfizafVax iz;ksx'kkyk] ikni laxjks/k rFkk lCth Qlyksa ¼iRrk xksHkh] fHkaMh] dn~nwoxhZ; Qlyksa½ ij Xyklgkml] jk"Vªh; daVsuesaV lqfo/kk ¼lh,y&4 Lrjh;½ rFkk ikWap QhYM fnolksa dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA blds vfrfjDr] Ård lao)Zu iz;ksx'kkyk lfgr bZLlkiqj] vdksyk] Hkokyh] ,uchihthvkj rFkk blds {ks=h; dsanzksa us dbZ fdlku esyksa esa dVd] gSnjkckn] tks/kiqj] jkaph] f'kykax] f'keyk rFkk f='kqj lgHkkfxrk dh rFkk ihthvkj ds egRo rFkk mi;ksx ij adksa dk fujh{k.k fd;kA esa fLFkr QhYM thu cS tkx:drk c<+kus ds fy, ,d ifCyd vkmVjhp l= dk
vk;ksftr flEiksft;k@dk;Z'kkyk,a@izf'k{k.k@fopkjksRrstd vk;kstu fd;kA l= % tuunzO; dk iaathdj.kaaa % iathdj.k rFkk laj{k.k ds fy, 32 vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh esa 27&30 vizSYk] iztkfr;ksa ls lacaf/kr dqy 64 izLrkoksa ¼izkIr dqy 176 izLrkoksa 2015 rd U;wu rkieku foKku rFkk ,Mokal tSoizkS|ksfxdh esa ls½ dk vuqeksnu fd;k x;kA esa varjjk"Vªh; lEesyu dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA izdk'ku % vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj dh okf"kZd fjiksVZ vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh esa 19 ls 28 vxLr] rFkk =ekfldS U;tyw Vjs dk idk'kuz fd;k x;k rFkk ihthvkj 2015 rd Qlyksa ds taxyh lgksnj % igpku] laxzg vkSj izca/ku lfgr bls lHkh lacaf/kr yksxksa esa forfjr fd;k x;kA mi;ksx ij y?kq ikB~;dze blds vfrfjDr] vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj ds oSKkfudksa }kjk jk"Vªh; rFkk varjjk"Vªh; tuZyksa esa fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] Hkokyh esa 4 flrEcj] 2015 dks 'kk/ks i= ¼143½( db Z likfnra iLrdkq ]as y[kdks as dh iLrdkq as ¼4½ izf'k{k.k dk;Zdze vkSj csfly ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu esa iqLrd v/;k;@leh{kkRed ys[k ¼28½( eSuqvy@okf"kZd fd;k x;kA leh{kk@rduhdh lgk;rk ¼3½( dzkWi teZIykTe fjiksVZj ¼1½( vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh esa 14 vDVwcj] 2015 vulq /kkua cyq fVus ¼7½( b&iZ dk'kukz as ¼30½ rFkk ykdfis ;z rduhdh lhvkjih rFkk d`f"k tSofofo/krk ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstuA ys[kksa@rduhdh cqysfVuksa fganh@vaxzsth ¼44½ dk izdk'ku fd;k x;k ¼C;kSjk v/;k; 21 esa fn;k x;k gS½A vkbZlh,vkj&,uchihthvkj] ubZ fnYyh esa 30 uoEcj&12
6 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (26) and M&AP (38) from remote areas of Jammu & (ICAR-NBPGR) continued its role of leadership for the Kashmir and Uttarakhand. management of plant genetic resources in the country. Several significant achievements were made during the Cuttack: Three explorations were undertaken and 123 year 2015 in plant exploration and collection of accessions comprising Porteresiacoa rctata, cultivated germplasm; germplasm introduction, plant quarantine rice, wild relatives of Cucumis and Abelmoschus were inspection, treatment and release of germplasm; collected from Odisha and West Bengal. Significant characterization, evaluation, identification of promising germplasm collections were collected for salt tolerant accessions and maintenance; ex situ conservation of rice germplasm like Rahaspanjar, Nonabokra, Luna accessions in the National Genebank and DNA Bakhada, Lunapateni, Bhaluki, rare germplasm Fingerprinting of crop cultivars, and are summarized collections such as Abelmoschus angulosus and hereunder. Nicandra physalodes.
PLANT EXPLORATION AND COLLECTION OF Hyderabad: Two collaborative explorations were GERMPLASM undertaken and 196 accessions of diversity in various agri-horticultural crops and their wild relatives were A total of 32 explorations were undertaken across the collected. country wherein 1656 accessions of various agri- horticultural crops, wild relatives of crops and other Jodhpur: One exploration trip, in the area of Luni and economic plants were collected. Of these, 491 accessions Osean blocks of Jodhpur district was conducted and 2 were collected by ICAR-NBPGR Headquarters, New accessions of wild mustard (4), wheat (3), bajra (6), Delhi through 13 explorations from parts of Andhra cowpea (3), clusterbean (3), mothbean (4) and methi Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, (1) were collected. Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and West Bengal. Geo-referencing, diversity mapping and gap Ranchi: Two exploration and collection programmes analysis was done in rice germplasm. Biosystematic were conducted in East & West Singhbhum and studies were undertaken on Trichosanthes, Allium, Saraikela Kharsanwa districts of Jharkhand and in leafy amarnath and Luffa. A total of 371 herbarium Raigarh, Balod, Rajnandgoan, Kanker, Narayanpur and specimens, seven seed samples and eight economic Kandagoan districts of Chhattisgarh and a total of 84 products were processed and added to the National germplasm samples comprising pigeonpea (24) rice (48) Herbarium of Cultivated Plants (NHCP). Work related and fingermillet (12) were collected. to germplasm collection by NBPGR Regional Stations/ Shimla: One germplasm exploration was conducted in Base Centre during various explorations is summarized Lahual & Spiti and Kinnaur districts of Himachal hereunder. Pradesh. A total of 73 accessions behmi (1), Cicer Akola:Two exploration programmes were undertaken microphyllum (27), linseed (5), Hordeum vulgare (1), and a total of 235 accessions were collected. Collection Allium carolinianum (1), wild apricot (21) and wild includes targeted species of millets, small millets and Triticeae (17) were collected. their wild relatives from Dhule and Nandurbar districts Srinagar: Twenty-eight germplasm accessions of seed of Maharashtra and Asiatic Vigna, wild relatives spices including naturally growing Bunium persicum and of Cajanus and Mucuna from southern Gujarat and Carum carvi were collected from different parts of adjoining areas. Jammu and Kashmir in collaboration with NRC (SS) Bhowali: Six crop specific explorations under National Ajmer. Exploration Programme (3) and externally funded The station has also collaborated in exploration and projects (3) were undertaken and 127 accessions were germplasm collection programme of wild Triticeae and collected comprising of oilseeds (35), Alliums (28), fruits Cicer in Kargil district of Ladakh.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 Thrissur: A total of 371 samples of germplasm were Pennisetum glaucum (pearl millet): Genetic male collected in three exploration and collection missions, sterile (ms3) stock NM-10H (EC802313) from USA. carried out in Nagaland, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. Helianthus annuus (sunflower): Male fertility restorer EXCHANGE OF GERMPLASM and resistant to sunflower rust (EC816178) from USA.
Introduction of germplasm: A total of 48,841 Solanum lycopersicum (tomato): lines resistant to accessions (1,25,946 samples) were imported which Tomato yellow leaf curl virus, bacterial wilt and included 40,796 accessions (47,047 samples) of fusarium wilt, oblong fruit and jointless pedicel germplasm and 8,045 entries (78,899 samples) of CGIAR (EC798219-220) early maturing, heat tolerant nurseries for trials. (EC802554-562) and cultivars tolerant to heat, gray leaf spot, fusarium wilt (EC804955-958) from Taiwan. Promising trait-specific germplasm introduced: Lagenaria siceraria (bottle gourd): resistant to Hordeum vulgare (barley): Germplasm for yellow rust powdery mildew, fusarium wilt and anthracnose resistance (EC836449-836745) from Lebanon; wild (EC800995-998) from USA. species (EC804982- 988) from UK. Citrullus lanatus (water melon): resistant to bud Oryza sativa (paddy): New sources of resistance to necrosis virus (EC800999-022) from USA. biotic stresses derived from wild species introgression Cucumis melo (musk melon): resistant to powdery lines (EC801659- 729) from Philippines; resistant to blast mildew, fusarium wilt, anthracnose (EC802405-415) (EC803403-440) from Philippines; breeding lines with from USA. high zinc content (EC804017-356) from Philippines; tolerant to shattering, stress and with good grain quality Vasconcellea spp. (wild papaya): wild germplasm (EC804559-838) from China; breeding lines for drought having Papaya ringspot virus resistance gene tolerance (EC807584–816) from Philippines; resistant (EC815412, EC816070- 071) from Australia. to bacterial leaf blight and blast (EC812972-993) from Indonesia; drought tolerant varieties (EC814672-816) Gossypium hirsutum (cotton): American upland from Nepal; resistant to bacterial leaf blight and blast germplasm lines (EC801556-801658) from USA; tufted- (EC830646-897) from Indonesia. naked upland mutant line (EC807817) from USA. Solanum tuberosum (potato): germplasm with high dry Triticum aestivum (wheat): Genetic stocks for analysis matter and resistance to late blight (EC806225-238) from of pathotypes in rusts, powdery mildew pathogen, stem Germany; tolerant to early blight, bruising, cracking, late rust, brown/leaf rust, yellow rust genes from different blight and Pythium leak (EC807941-952) from USA. wild species of wheat and improved varieties (EC799617- 754) from CIMMYT, Mexico; wild species Theobroma cacao (cocoa): vascular streak dieback (EC804989- 990) from UK; Mexican core set resistant and black pod resistant (EC809272-283) from (EC831784-948) from CIMMYT, Mexico; Iranian core UK. set (EC832949-193) from CIMMYT, Mexico; heat tolerant line (EC836759) from Mexico. Export of Germplasm: Facilitated supply of FAO designated accessions (163 samples) of ICRISAT Zea mays (maize): New CIMMYT lines (CMLs) mandated crops and 3,142 samples of CIMMYT maize adapted to tropical/subtropical maize production trials (exotic origin) to different countries through RS, environments with traits such as resistance to common Hyderabad. mid altitude foliar diseases, Maize streak virus (MSV), Turcicum leaf blight (TLB), Gray leaf spot (GLS), National Supply: A total of 12,192 samples of different Phaeosphaeria leaf spot (PLS), ear rot and common crops were supplied to national users for utilization in rust, spotted stem borer (Chilo partellus) and African various crop improvement programmes in the country stem borer (Busseola fusca); white grained, excellent based on requests received from research workers under combining ability under low nitrogen and drought Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). In addition, a total conditions (EC803523-540) from Mexico; core collection of 84,195 samples were supplied for regeneration/ (EC808940-969) from Switzerland. multiplication/ morphological characterization/
8 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 preliminary evaluation/ taxonomic identification/ DNA Thailand); Cryptolestes ferrugineus (sunflower-Mali). fingerprinting/ viability testing. Import samples (14,507) infested/ infected with pests were salvaged and released (26,760) to consignees. QUARANTINE OF GERMPLASM Quarantine services were extended to 45 organizations in South India. Post-entry quarantine inspection was At New Delhi, A total of 1,19,025 samples of imported conducted on 4,909 samples of different crops grown at germplasm accessions including trial entries of various PEQIA of ICRISAT (744), ICRISAT glasshouse (396), crops and their wild relatives were processed for private industry (3091) and NBPGR greenhouse (678). quarantine clearance. The infested/ infected samples (2,182) - comprised of insects (440), nematodes (248), GERMPLASM CHARACTERIZATION, fungi/ bacteria (431), viruses (94) and weeds (969) EVALUATION AND MULTIPLICATION including several exotic pests. Of the 2,182 infested/ infected/ contaminated samples, 2,019 were salvaged During the period, 9,473 accessions of various agri- through physico-chemical methods viz., fumigation, hot horticultural crops were grown at New Delhi for water treatment (HWT), X-ray radiography, pesticidal characterization, evaluation, regeneration and treatment, mechanical cleaning and growing-on test. One multiplication. Under biotic stresses, okra (725 hundred and sixty-three samples could not be salvaged accessions), black gram (327 accessions) and 504 and were rejected. A total of 58 samples were rejected. accessions of brinjal were raised for preliminary A total of 181 samples were processed for export of screening and 90 accessions comprising rapeseed- which 96 infected samples were salvaged and seven mustard (18), tomato (54) and brinjal (18) were Phytosanitary Certificates were issued. Quarantine evaluated under advanced screening against major biotic processing of 641 samples of imported transgenic stresses. In addition, 916 accessions of various crops planting material revealed, fungal infection in maize and were evaluated for their host status to root-knot cotton; viruses in maize; absence of terminator gene was nematode under pot culture. ensured and all samples were salvaged prior to release. A total of 18,860 samples were received from the Under abiotic stresses, 107 accessions comprising of Division of Germplasm Conservation for seed health wheat (36), maize (32) and chickpea (39) were evaluated testing of which 1,262 samples were found infected/ for drought tolerance.Under biochemical evaluation, infested with different pests. A total of 3,789 samples 1,803 accessions of different crops namely rapeseed- were subjected to X-ray radiography and 125 samples mustard (1,225), linseed (200), wheat (200), maize (38), were rejected as they could not be salvaged. A total of chickpea (734) and chenopods (10) were analyzed for 128 samples were found infected with nematodes. In quality parameters. Under phyto-chemical evaluation, addition, 118 cryo-preserved samples were received from 83 samples of different medicinal and aromatic plants TCCU for seed health testing of which 14 samples were were analyzed for their active compounds. Under found infected with different fungi and all were salvaged. NICRA project, a reference set of 348 wheat accessions for terminal heat tolerance has been grown under late At Hyderabad: A total of 42,885 samples (25,508 sown conditions for identification of donors. Under CRP imports; 17,377 exports) were processed for quarantine on Agro-biodiversity component- II, a total of 5,964 clearance. Pathogens/pests of quarantine importance accessions comprising of rice (1,000), wheat (1,483), intercepted included Pestalotia sp. and Rhizoctonia finger millet (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea bataticola (Maize-Philippines), Lasiodiplodia sp. and (736) and okra (745), were evaluated at AICRP centres/ Stenocarpella maydis (Maize-USA), Alternaria hotspots for agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses. helianthi (sunflower-Argentina); Plasmopara halstedii Two germplasm field days on Rabi oilseeds, pulses and (sunflower-USA); Colletotrichum graminicola potential crops and wheat and barley were organized to (sorghum-Mali); Sporisorium cruentum (sorghum- facilitate germplasm utilization. A total of 2,014 Niger); Peronospora manshurica (soybean- Costa accessions of various crops were supplied to 56 Rica and USA); Peronospora parasitica (cabbage- indenters for their use in crop improvement and 5,480 USA); Pseudoperonospora cubensis and accessions comprising of wheat (1,485), rice (1,000), Choanephora sp. on bittergourd from Thailand; rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (250), okra (745) Alternaria brassicicola on Brassica rapa from UK; and finger millet (1,000) were supplied to various Sitophilus zeamais and Rhyzopertha dominica (Maize- cooperating centres for detailed evaluation under CRP.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 9 The details of germplasm characterized and evaluated finger-millet (17) and ricebean were evaluated and at the various Regional Stations are as follows: multiplied. In fruit crops, a total of 300 accessions including jackfruit (109), bael (137), jamun (43) and Akola:A total of 528 accessions were characterized sanjan (11) were characterized for some fruit related comprising 251 accessions during Rabi 2014-15 and 277 characters and superior accessions were identified. accessions of during Kharif 2015. Crop-wise accessions includes grain amaranth (65), linseed (113) and safflower Shillong: A total of 1,055 accessions of agri-horticultural (62), DUS project Grain amaranth (11) during Rabi crop germplasm have been characterized during Kharif- 2014-15 and sesame (97), foxtail millet (60), 2015 for agro-morphological traits. A set of 235 maize Abelmoschus tuberculatus (58) and horse gram (62) accessions was collected from Mizoram and has been during Kharif 2015. phenotypically characterized and evaluated for reaction to Turcicum leaf blight. Cuttack: A set of 1,167 accessions comprising cultivated rice (852), blackgram (25), greengram (25), millets (32), Shimla: A total of 1,874 germplasm accessions were wild Oryza species (132), Ocimum spp. (69), Mucuna grown during the year for characterization, evaluation pruriens (21), Hibiscus sabdariffa (11) were and multiplication. Wide range of genetic variability was characterized and promising genotypes were identified recorded for different traits. for different agro-morphological traits. A set of 136 accessions of cultivated rice was evaluated for Srinagar: A total of 428 germplasm accessions submergence/ deep water/ salinity tolerance and comprising of wheat (200), barley (100), rapeseed promising genotypes were identified. mustard (76) and linseed (52) were evaluated for their morpho-agronomic characters as per the minimal Hyderabad: A total of 771 accessions including green descriptors during Rabi 2014-15 under rainfed conditions gram (84), horse gram (140), foxtail millet (168), of Himalayas and promising/superior genotypes for amaranths (60), field bean (26) small millets (128), different traits in each of these crops were identified. pillipesara (30), chilli (81), maize (33), sorghum (10), black gram (4) and green gram (7) were characterized Thrissur: During Rabi 2014-15, 72 accessions of brinjal, and evaluated using randomised block design/augmented 61 of wild bitter gourd, 16 of snake gourd and 13 of ivy block design along with appropriate check varieties gourd were characterised/evaluated. During Kharif during Kharif. 2015, 207 accessions of rice, 40 of yard-long bean, 15 of Trichosanthes cucumerina, 22 of pumpkin, 31 of Jodhpur: During Rabi 2014-15, a set of 495 accessions kokum and seven of okra synthetic amphidiploids were of wheat (for terminal heat tolerance), Brassica (82), characterised/ evaluated. and fenugreek (165) were evaluated. During summer 2015 accessions of guar (290), mungbean (124), moth GENOMIC RESOURCES bean (127) and cowpea (155 ) have been evaluated for the traits of agronomical importance. Two accessions Eighty-five registered samples and 145 accessions of of mothbean IC36786 and IC37822 have been maize comprising of inbreds, hybrids and composites reconfirmed for their inbuilt resistance to Crinkle virus were fingerprinted with thirty-two and thirty SSRs, disease under field conditions. During Kharif 2015, 3,178 respectively. Further, 122 samples of arecanut, chickpea, accessions of different crops including cluster bean (872), cotton, faba bean, horsegram, mustard, oats, onion, pearl mungbean (355), mothbean (328), cowpea (497), sesame millet, pineapple, rice, sorghum, taramira, urd bean and (220), pearl millet (823), finger millet (41) and little millet wheat were DNA fingerprinted. A total of 729 samples (29) have been evaluated. A breeding line of cowpea including hybrid varieties, aromatic rice, abiotic stress that matures in 45 days has been developed following tolerant and early maturing rice varieties were profiled single plant selection. with thirty six hyper variable SSR markers. A total of 39 morphologically diverse accessions of Andrographis Ranchi: During Kharif 2014-15, a set of 151 accessions paniculata were characterized with 22 SCoT and 19 of pigeonpea was multiplied and characterized and elite CBDP primers. A rice mini-core germplasm set (194 accessions were identified. During Kharif 2015-16, a accessions) for North-Eastern region of India was total of 125 accessions of pigeonpea (67), paddy (23), developed using 50K SNP chip. All India rice core (789)
10 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 developed based on morphological markers was registered germplasm of various crops were received characterized with four SSR markers. Twenty-eight for long-term conservation in the National Genebank. promising accessions of wheat were characterized using These were processed following the genebank standards, 18 morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits and adding another 11,581 accessions of different agri- 26 SSR markers. In all 36 accessions belonging to four horticultural crops to the base collection raising the total species of Luffa were analyzed with five barcoding loci. germplasm holding to 4,19,312. Of the conserved a total of 659 bottle gourd EST-SSRs were transferred accessions, a total of 6,551 were new and 5,030 to sponge and ridge gourd. a total of 58,865 unigenes accessions were received after regeneration. Monitoring and 8,934 putative simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were of germination and seed quantity in stored germplasm identified in sponge gourd, 2,592 SSRs in bottle gourd (12,303 accessions) and distribution (59,043) for assembled transcriptome, 7,677 of microsatellite evaluation/regeneration/research/characterization were containing regions identified in bitter gourd. QTLs for the other priority activities. The germplasm supplied number of seeds per 10 spikes, thousand grain weight includes those sent for multiplication and characterization and seed weight per 10 spikes were identified on 6A (39,783) under the Consortium Research Project on chromosome of wheat. Nineteen salt responsive Agrobiodiversity (CRP-AB). Supportive research candidate gene based SSR (cgSSR) markers were directed towards understanding and manipulation of validated in rice. Genome-wide 129 novel miRNA-based factors that prolong the storage life of seeds in a cost- microsatellite markers were developed in rice (Oryza effective manner and overcoming seed germination sativa) for genotyping applications. Sixty nine NBS-LRR problems continued. Seeds of 19 crops belonging to genes were identified from bottle gourd transcriptome. different crop groups and conditioned to ~7% moisture Database was developed on genetic and genomic were monitored after three years of storage at four resources information of Vigna and Phaseolus species. storage regimes viz. long-term storage module (at -180C), Microsatellite database was developed for inside the storage chamber at Chang La, outside the medicinal Plants (Tinospora cordifolia and chamber and at Defence Institute of High Altitude Andrographis paniculata). A total of 350 genomic Research (DIHAR), Leh. Analysis of the data on resources were deposited in the National Genomic germination indicated that storability of seeds stored Resources Repository. inside the Chang La module was at par with the long term storage conditions in the National Genebank. Crop-specific GMO matrices of 199 GM events, Studies on seed dormancy breaking of Melochia comprising 143 GM maize events with 75 genetic corchorifolia and wild rice viz. Oryza nivara and Oryza elements and 56 cotton events with 44 genetic elements rufipogon were carried out. Hot water treatment at were developed. Visual LAMP assays targeting 700C for 10 min. for Melochia corchorifolia and co- three marker genes, phosphinothricin-N- application of GA3 to deglumed seeds of Oryza nivara acetyltransferase (pat), phosphomannose isomerase and Oryza rufipogon were found to be the most (pmi), and red fluorescent protein (ds-Red2) were effective treatments. Employing the in-house developed developed. Adventitious presence of transgenes was R package PGRdup, probable duplicate sets of monitored in ex-situ collections, comprising 65 accessions were identified on the basis of passport data accessions of brinjal, 50 accessions of cotton, 50 of groundnut and rice collections at ICAR-NBPGR as accessions of okra conserved in the National Genebank well as other major global collections. using PCR/real-time PCR assays targeting CaMV35 promoter and nosterminator. Two hundred and In vitro/ Tissue Culture Conservation: During the seven (207) accessions of imported transgenic year, a total of 1,900 accessions belonging to fruit crops, lines of Arabidopsis thaliana (16), Eucalyptus bulb and tuber crops, medicinal, aromatic and rare/ camaldulensis (79), Glycine max (1), Gossypium spp. endangered plants, spices, plantation and industrial crops, (20), Manihot esculenta (50) and Zea mays (41) were and others were conserved as in vitro cultures, under tested for the absence of terminator technology. culture room conditions (25±20C; 16/8h) and/or at low temperature (40C). The average subculture duration GERMPLASM CONSERVATION ranged from 2-24 months, depending on the species/ genotype. In Piper betel and P. nigrum cv. Subhakara, A total of 30,912 accessions of germplasm including subculture duration could be extended to 24 weeks varieties to be notified and released and trait-specific following manipulation of basal medium along with lower
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 11 concentration of BAP. Cryopreservation experiments • Symposia/ Workshops/ Trainings/ using vitrification, encapsulation-dehydration or droplet Brainstorming sessions Organized by ICAR- vitrification technique led to varying degree of pre-and/ NBPGR: or post-freezing success in Allium spp., Curcuma longa, Dahlia cv., Dioscorea bulbifera, Rauvolfia International Conference on Low Temperature serpentina and Vaccinium ovatum. Science and Biotechnological Advances at ICAR- NBPGR, New Delhi from April 27-30, 2015. Cryopreservation:A total of 23 accessions comprising Allium spp. (9 accessions), Musa sp. (10 accessions), Short Course on Crop Wild Relatives: Identification, Rubus hybrid (one accessions) and Vaccinium spp. Collecting and Utilization at ICAR-NBPGR, New (three accessions) were cryostored as shoot tips or Delhi from August 19-28, 2015. meristems. A total of 537 accessions comprising fruits, spices, industrial crops, millets, vegetables, medicinal Training programme and workshop on basil ICAR- crops, legumes and cereals were cryostored as seeds, NBPGR, Bhowali on September 4, 2015. embryonic axes along with genomic resources during Workshop on CRP on Agro-biodiversity at ICAR- the year, totaling 11,624 accessions in the cryogenebank. NBPGR, New Delhi on October 14, 2015. Periodic testing for viability of more than 200 accessions of orthodox and non-orthodox seeds and 40 accessions International Training Programme on DNA-Based of underutilized fruit species revealed retention of Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) Detection original viability in most of the accessions, after 4-10 for Seed Testing and Certification at ICAR-NBPGR, years of cryostorage. New Delhi from November 30-December 12, 2015.
OTHER ACTIVITIES Four training workshops each of two days duration for the Customs Officials were organized jointly by • Meetings of the Institute Management Committee, ICAR-NBPGR, National Academy of Customs, Research Advisory Committee and Institute Excise and Narcotics (NACEN) and MoEFCC at Research Council were held timely to review the NACEN, Faridabad (October 26-27, 2015); progress of work related to PGR management and Regional Training Institute (RTI), NACEN, Chennai planning strategies for strengthening various activities (November 16-17, 2015); RTI, NACEN, Mumbai and infrastructure/ facilities to achieve the targets. (November 19-20, 2015) and RTI, NACEN, Kolkata • The scientists, research associates, technical and (November 26-27, 2015). administrative staff from the Headquarters and its Two training workshops each of three days duration Regional Stations/ Centres participated in a number for the Plant Quarantine Officials were organized of seminars, symposia, conferences, workshops, jointly by ICAR-NBPGR and MoEFCC on trainings and summer schools to exchange ideas and December 8-10, 2015 and December 16-18, 2015 upgrade their skills. Ten scientists were sent abroad at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. to participate in foreign meetings. Details of these participations are given in Chapter 21 on General • Field Days Organized: Five Germplasm Field Information. Days on Rabi oilseeds, pulses, potential crops; wheat, barley and Triticale, oat and vegetable crops • Several distinguished scientists, administrators, policy (cabbage, okra, cucurbits) were organized to makers, farmers and students visited the National promote germplasm utilization by the plant breeders/ Genebank, DNA Fingerprinting labs, Plant research workers. Besides, NBPGR and its Quarantine glasshouses, National Containment Regional Stations participated in several farmers’ facility (CL-4 level) and Tissue Culture labs at the fairs and a public outreach sessions to boost Headquarters and field genebanks at Issapur, Akola, awareness on importance and use of PGR. Bhowali, Cuttack, Hyderabad, Jodhpur, Ranchi, Shillong, Shimla and Thrissur.
12 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 • Germplasm Registered: A total of 64 proposals were published in national and international journals; (out of 176 received) belonging to 32 species were book chapters/ review articles (28) in various edited approved for registration and conserved. books/ authored books (4); manuals/ annual review/ teaching aids (3); plant germplasm reporter (1); • Publications: ICAR-NBPGR Annual Report and research bulletins (7); e-publications (30) and popular quarterly Newsletter were published and distributed technical articles/ technical bulletins in Hindi/ English to all concerned engaged in PGR management. (44) were published by the scientists of the ICAR- Besides, research papers (143) on various subjects NBPGR (details are given in chapter 21).
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 13 INTRODUCTION
The ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Besides having a 40 hectare experimental farm at Issapur ICAR-NBPGR was established by the Indian Council village (about 45 km west of Delhi), the Bureau also has of Agricultural Research (ICAR) in 1976 with its a network of 10 Regional Stations/Base Centres to headquarters at New Delhi. Being the nodal provide access to PGR of different agro-ecological organization in India it has been given the national conditions of the country. It has strong linkages with mandate to plan, conduct, promote and coordinate all leading crop-based Institutes, National Research Centres, activities concerning plant exploration and All India Coordinated Crop Improvement Projects, State collection,characterization and also for safe conservation Agricultural Universities and other stakeholders. ICAR- and distribution of both indigenous and introduced genetic NBPGR also works in close collaboration with several variability in crop plants and their wild relatives. The international institutes/organizations through memoranda Bureau is also vested with the authority to issue Import of understanding/and workplans developed under Permit and Phytosanitary Certificate and conduct bilateral/multilateral agreements. The Bureau not only quarantine checks on all seed materials and plant provides genetic resources to on-going crop improvement propagules (including transgenic material) introduced programmes to sustain continued advances in agricultural from abroad or exported for research purpose. productivity and stabilize production, but also conserves them safely to meet needs of future generations.
ICAR- NBPGR: Mandate and Objectives Mandate To act as nodal institute at national level for acquisition and management of indigenous and exotic plant genetic resources (PGR) for food and agriculture, and to carry out related research and human resource development for sustainable growth of agriculture. Objectives 1. To plan, organize, conduct and coordinate exploration and collection of desired indigenous and exotic PGR. 2. To undertake introduction, exchange and quarantine for augmenting PGR. 3. To characterize, evaluate, document and conserve crop genetic resources and promote their use in collaboration with other national organizations. 4. To develop genomic resources and tools, to discover and validate the function of genes of importance to agriculture and to develop bioinformatics tools for enhanced utilization of genomic resources. 5. To develop information network for effective utilization of PGR. 6. To conduct research, undertake teaching and training, develop policy guidelines and create public awareness on PGR. 7. To promote use of PGR for sustainable agriculture at international level.
Organizational Set-up
The Director, ICAR-NBPGR is overall in-charge of administration, research management and coordination. The Institute Management Committee, Research Advisory Committee, Crop Advisory Committees and the Institute
14 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Fig 1.Organogram of ICAR-NBPGR
INTRODUCTION 15 Based on experiences gained from working with a built- in cold storage vault obtained from UK in 1983, four modules (two units of 100 m3 and two of 176 m3 capacity) were installed for long-term storage of seeds of orthodox species which were kept in laminated aluminium foils at -180C after drying them to 5-7% moisture content. Stand-by diesel generator backs up the electricity supply. Vegetatively propagated clonal materials and recalcitrant seeds species are being maintained under field conditions backed up by tissue culture repositories. The Bureau has a strong programme on in vitro conservation and cryopreservation.
The National Genebank facility commissioned in 1997 has 13 modules, each with a storage capacity of 50,000 to 76,000 samples depending upon the size of seeds. One of these modules is used for medium term storage of active germplasm collections and the rest for long- term storage. Its cryopreservation facility contains six liquid nitrogen tanks (cryo-tanks), each containing 1000 litres of liquid nitrogen. These six cryo-tanks have a total Fig 2. NBPGR Network in India capacity to store 0.25 million samples. Thus, the National Genebank has a total capacity to store 0.85 to 1.25 million Research Council play important roles in PGR samples. This is one of the most modern genebanks in management. The Bureau functions through its five main the world. Divisions, namely i) Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection, ii) Plant Quarantine, iii) Germplasm Evaluation, Indian National Plant Genetic Resources iv) Germplasm Conservation and v) Genomic Resources. System (INPGRS) The Bureau has units of Germplasm Exchange (GEx), Tissue Culture and Cryopreservation (TCCU), PGR NBPGR is gradually developing and strengthening the Policy (PPU), Agricultural Knowledge Management national plant genetic resources system by linking up (AKMU) and Institute Technology Management the National Base Collection (kept under long-term (ITMU). A principal scientist heads each Division/Unit. storage at ICAR-NBPGR) with 57 National Active Germplasm Sites (NAGS) responsible for different crops Other centralized services include units of Administration where germplasm collections are evaluated and and Management, Purchase, Stores, Maintenance, Audit multiplied under field conditions, backed up by medium- and Accounts, Security and Library. Regional Stations/ term storage facilities. In addition, there are 64 main Base Centres, headed by a principal scientist/senior centres and 27 87 sub centers along with the designated scientist, are located at Akola, Bhowali, Cuttack, NAGS for management of PGR. The Research Hyderabad, Jodhpur, Ranchi, Shillong, Shimla, Srinagar Advisory Committee and Germplasm Advisory and Thrissur. It also houses an All India Coordinated Committees for different crops advise the Bureau Research Network Project on Potential Crops. The total regarding improving the capability, awrded and sanctioned staff strength is 314 comprising 110 scientific, effectiveness of its services. 79 technical, 50 administrative and 76 supporting staff. All India Coordinated Research Network on National Genebank Potential Crops
The Indian National Genebank was established by the In view of the importance of underutilized crops, the Council at ICAR-NBPGR to conserve national heritage work on their collection, introduction, evaluation and of germplasm collections in the form of seeds, vegetative utilization was initiated by Indian Agricultural Research propagules, tissue/cell cultures, embryos, gametes, etc. Institute, New Delhi during late 70’s and the activity
16 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 was later extended to some other research centres in exchanged plant germplasm with more than 80 countries the country. In order to strengthen and harmonize the and implements work plans developed under bilateral, scientific efforts on improvement and utilization of these regional and international agreements. crops, an All India Coordinated Research Project on Underutilized and Under exploited Plants was established Training Programmes and Information Services in 1982 during VI Five Year Plan with its Headquarters The Bureau organizes advanced training programmes at the ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. During the X Five focusing on scientific procedures for collection, Year Plan, this project was brought into a network mode exchange, quarantine/ biosecurity, biosafety, and was renamed as All India Coordinated Research bioinformatics, DNA fingerprinting, evaluation, Network on Underutilized Crops (AICRNUC). Further, documentation and conservation linked to the use of plant during the XII Plan it was re-named as All India genetic resources. Major accomplishments of its staff Coordinated Research Network on Potential Crops are published in Annual Reports. ICAR-NBPGR (AICRNPC).The objectives of the AICRNPC are to Newsletter is brought out quarterly. Crop Catalogues explore and domesticate new plant sources of food, based on computerized data are also developed and fodder, fuel, fibre, energy and industrial uses; to collect/ published. Bureau’s library at Headquarters is specialized introduce and characterize available germplasm and its in information dealing with plant genetic resources and wild relatives; to identify superior genotypes of these subscribes to various foreign and national journals new plants and to develop improved varieties for different particularly related to PGR. agro-climatic regions. Until XI Plan, the network was working at 14 SAU centres, six cooperating centres of Post-graduate Teaching Programme ICAR-NBPGR Regional Stations and three Voluntary Centers covering research activities on 17 plant species. Since academic session 1997, Bureau has been In the XII Plan, a new centre UBKV, Cooch Behar undertaking post-graduate teaching in plant genetic (West Bengal) was added for providing necessary resources leading to M.Sc. degree affiliated to Post technical backstopping for important crops in North Graduate School, IARI, New Delhi. From the academic Bengal such as rice bean and buckwheat. Also, seven session 2004-2005, Ph.D. degree programme has also new voluntary centres were added such as ICAR been started in collaboration with the Post Graduate Research Complex for NEH Region, Shillong along with School, IARI, New Delhi. During the year four M.Sc. its six centres located in six states (Sikkim, Arunachal and one Ph.D. students were awarded degrees. Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura and Mizoram). Extension Services for PGR Awareness International Collaboration Bureau organizes Kisan Diwas/field days for Rabi and NBPGR implements work plans developed under MoU Kharif crops and distributes seeds/planting material between ICAR and Bioversity International. FAO and along with relevant literature on technical know-how for Bioversity International also sponsor regional training raising crops and management of PGR. Special emphasis courses on conservation and utilization of genetic is given to create PGR awareness among grassroot level resources of local crops of agricultural importance in workers, tribal people, and farmers (particularly women) South Asia and adjoining regions to be conducted by by organizing biodiversity fairs in villages. Students on ICAR-NBPGR. educational tours from State Agricultural Universities are encouraged to visit the National Genebank, DNA Besides working closely with Bioversity International, fingerprinting tissue culture quarantine labs, plant ICAR-NBPGR also collaborates actively with the quarantine glasshouses/containment facilities etc. located International Agricultural Research Centers (IARCs) like in the main campus at New Delhi. ICRISAT, IRRI, ICARDA and CIMMYT. It has
INTRODUCTION 17 Funds allocated and expenditure incurred during the financial year 2015-16 (Rs. In lakhs) Non-Plan 2015-16 Non- Recurring Budget Estimate Revised Estimate Expenditure Works 0.00 0.00 0.00 Equipment 8.00 4.30 3.16 Library Books & Journals 2.00 0.00 0.00 Furniture & Fixtures 2.00 1.30 0.94 Total (A) 12.00 5.60 4.10 Recurring Pay & Allowances 3225.75 3023.15 3022.13 Overtime Allowance 0.25 0.25 0.19 Pension 900.00 2070.00 2069.48 TA 15.00 15.00 13.79 Research & Operational Expenses 90.00 110.00 84.59 Administrative Expenses 651.00 878.00 843.58 HRD 1.00 1.00 1.00 Total (B) 4883.00 6097.40 6034.76 Grand Total 4895.00 6103.00 6038.86 Plan 2015-16 Non- Recurring Budget Estimate Revised Estimate Expenditure Works 200 68.10 68.04 Equipment 1355.00 92.30 92.18 Library Books & Journals 25.00 21.60 21.56 Furniture & Fixtures 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total (A) 1580.00 182.00 181.78 Recurring Pay & Allowances 0.00 0.00 0 TA 8.00 7.73 7.73 Research & Operational Expenses 650.00 593.61 593.61 Administrative Expenses 100.00 136.90 136.89 HRD 7.00 2.52 2.52 Total(B) 765.00 740.76 740.75 Total (A+B) 2345.00 922.76 922.53 NEH TSP 55.00 32.76 18.43 Grand Total 2400.00 955.52 940.96 AICRN-PC 2015-16 Budget Estimate Revised Estimate Expenditure AICRN TSP 10.00 10.00 10.00 Grant in Salaries 350.00 231.00 231.00 Grant in General 36.00 57.00 57.00 Total 396.00 298.00 298.00 CRP on AB 2015-16 Budget Estimate Revised Estimate Expenditure Grant in Capital 26.00 26.00 25.99 Grant in Salaries 618.50 618.50 618.50 Grant in General 71.50 71.50 71.50 Total 716.00 716.00 715.99
18 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 DIVISION OF PLANT EXPLORATION AND GERMPLASM COLLECTION 1
Summary: A total of 32 explorations were undertaken across the country wherein 1,656 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops, wild relatives of crops and other economic plants were collected. Of these, 491 accessions were collected by NBPGR Headquarters, New Delhi through 13 explorations from parts of Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and West Bengal. Geo-referencing, diversity mapping and gap analysis was done in rice germplasm. Biosystematic studies were undertaken on Trichosanthes, Allium and Luffa. A total of 371 herbarium specimens, seven seed samples and eight economic products were processed and added to the National Herbarium of Cultivated Plants (NHCP), New Delhi.
1.1 Plant Exploration and Germplasm on collection of germplasm of vegetables, pulses, fibres, Collection seed spices, citrus, crop wild relatives, etc. from various diversity-rich areas involving sixteen ICAR crop-based In the reporting period 32 explorations were undertaken Institutes/ Centres/ SAUs as collaborators. A total of and 1,656 accessions of different agri-horticultural crops 965 collected accessions were sent to germplasm comprising 892 accessions of cultivated and 764 of wild handling unit for processing for conservation, while species (46%) were collected from parts of 16 states remaining accessions are in field for establishment at viz. Andhra Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Daman & Diu, National Active Germplasm Sites and multiplication. Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Details of explorations undertaken by NBPGR and its Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Nagaland, stations/centres (Table 1.1) and germplasm collected are Odisha, Rajasthan, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, given below (Tables 1.2). Uttarakhand and West Bengal. Emphasis was laid mainly
Table1.1: Explorations undertaken and germplasm collected
Headquarters/ Explorations Germplasm collected station/centre undertaken Cultivated Wild Total Akola 2 212 23 235 Bhowali 6 93 34 127 Cuttack 3 44 79 123 Hyderabad 1 12 112 124 New Delhi 13 244 247 491 Ranchi 2 84 - 84 Shimla 1 - 73 73 Srinagar 1 13 15 28 Thrissur 3 190 181 371 Total 32 892 764 1,656
Table 1.2: Details of germplasm collected Crop group (s) Crop/wild species (accessions) Accessions Cereals Elymus cognatus (15), E. dahuricus (15), E. himalayanus (10), E. longearistatus (13), 297 E. longearistatus subsp. canaliculatus (11), E. nutans (27), E. repens (4), E. schrenkianus (1), E. semicostatus (2), Hordeum bogdanii (1), H. brevisubulatum (2), H. vulgare (1), Hystrix duthiei (1), Leymus secalinus (12), Oryza nivara (4), O. sativa (138), Porteresia coarctata (10), Triticum aestivum (30), T. durum (10), Zea mays (1) Pseudocereals Amaranthus hypochondriacus (1), A. hybridus (1), Chenopodium murale (3) 5 Millets and minor Echinochloa crus-galli (3), E. frumentacea (19), Eleusine coracana (27), Panicum 127 millets miliaceum (7), Paspalum scrobiculatum (3), Pennisetum typhoides (6), Setaria italica (18), S. verticillata (1), Sorghum vulgare (40), S. halepense (2), S. purpureo-sericeum (1) Pulses Cajanus ablicans (2), C. cajan (27), C. scarabaeoides (10), Cicer arietinum (7), 258 C. microphyllum (33), Lens culinaris (2), Macrotyloma uniflorum (1), Phaseolus lunatus (1), P. vulgaris (26), Rhynchosia minima (2), R. rothii (1), Vigna aconitifolia (5), V. dalzelliana (1),
DIVISION OF PLANT EXPLORATION AND GERMPLASM COLLECTION 19 V. hainiana (2), V. mungo (40), V. nepalensis (4), V.radiata (30), V. radiata var. sublobata (3), V. trilobata (5), V. umbellata (7), V. unguiculata (28), V. unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (20), V. vexillata (1) Oilseeds Brassica juncea (10), B. nigra (10), B. rapa var. yellow sarson (1), B. tournefortii (9), Eruca 90 sativa (3), Glycine max (3), Lepidium apetalum (2), Linum perenne (5), Perilla frutescens var. frutescens (5), Ricinus communis (6), Sesamum indicum (4), S. malabaricum (29), S. mulayanum (1), S. radiatum (2) Fibres and allied Corchorus aestuans (15), C. capsularis (1), C. fascicularis (16), C. olitorius (18), C. tridens 136 species (23), C. trilocularis (29), C. urticifolius (8), Crotalaria striata (1), Crotalaria sp. (2), Hibiscus aculeatus (1), H. ovalifolius (1), H. cannabinus (3), H. lunarifolius (1), H. sabdariffa (16), Sesbania sesban (1) Fruits Capparis spinosa (1), Citrus aurantium (1), C. aurantifolia (12), C. grandis (1), C. jambhiri (1), 98 C. limonia (3), C. maderaspatana (1), C. paradisi (1), C. sinensis (7), C. unshiu (1), Citrus sp. (2), Prunus armeniaca (21), P. mira (1), P. persica (12), Pyrus communis (14), Ziziphus nummularia (4), Z. rotundifolia (15) Vegetables Abelmoschus angulosus var. purpureus (3), A. esculentus (6), A. caillei (5), A. moschatus 443 (1), A. ficulneus (10), A. tetraphyllus (25), A. tetraphyllus var. pungens (15), A. tuberculatus (13), Allium carolinianum (3), A. cepa (5), A. cyathophorum (2), A. oreoprasum (2), A. przewalskianum (12), A. schoenoprasum (1), Allium sp.(4), Amaranthus dubius (1), A. spinosus (3), A. tristis (1), A. viridis (1), Benincasa hispida (12), Brassica juncea var. rugosa (6), Brassica rapa (10), Canavalia gladiata (2), C. virosa (2), Capsicum annuum (8), C. chinense (1), C. frutescens (1), Citrullus vulgaris (1), Coccinia grandis (3), Cucumis callosus (4), C. sativus var. hardwickii (45), C. javanicus (2), C. maderaspatanus (5), C. melo (4), C. melo var. agrestis (20), C. sativus (14), Cucurbita ficifolia (1), C. moschata (10), Dioscorea alata (1), Gymnopetalum chinense (2), Herpetospermum operculatum (3), Lagenaria siceraria (4), Luffa acutangula (8), L. acutangula var. amara (1), L. hermaphrodita (2), L. cylindrica (6), L. echinata (1), L. graveolens (1), Momordica charantia (17), M. charantia var. muricata (20), M. dioica (2), M. subangulata subsp. subangulata(8), M. subangulata subsp. renigera (5), Pisum arvense (6), Solanum aculeatissimum (3), S. aethiopicum (6), S. incanum (13), S. indicum (6), S. melongena (9), S. violaceum (1), S. muricatum (1), S. sisymbriifolium (1), S. spirale (1), S. viarum (3), S. virginianum (5), Solena heterophylla (1), Trichosanthes bracteata (14), T. cordata (1), T. cucumerina (26), T. dunniana (1) Medicinal and Abrus precatorius (2), Acorus calamus (1), Bunium persicum (52), Bupleurum falcatum 192 aromatic plants, (1), Carum carvi (21), Cinnamomum cecidodaphne (1), Cleome viscosa (1), Clitoria ternatea spices and (1), Coleus forskohlii (9), Coriandrum sativum (49), Foeniculum vulgare (1), Gloriosa condiments superba (2), Lepidium apetalum (2), Mucuna pruriens (4), Nicandra physalodes (1), Ocimum basilicum (13), O. kilimandscharicum (1), O. tenuiflorum (5), O. viride (8), Solanum nigrum (6), S. torvum (1), S. trilobatum (1), Trachyspermum ammi (1), Trigonella foenum-graecum (4), Withania somnifera (3), Zanthoxylum rhetsa (1) Other economic Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana (2), Astragalus munroi (1), Medicago monantha (1), 12 species Melilotus indicus (6), Mucuna pruriens var. utilis (1), Vicia sativa (1) Total 1,656
Fig 1.1. Germplasm collected in different crop-groups Fig 1.2. Cultivated vs. wild germplasm collected
20 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 1.2 Explorations Undertaken and Germplasm mm (Dudhesar) to 4.24 mm (Harkul). Kalo Moto Collected by Headquarters (black husked aromatic rice), a very popular landrace, is grown for food and medicinal use. Thirteen explorations were undertaken in parts of Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Wheat: Twenty-one accessions of local wheat Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand and West germplasm adapted to rainfed condition were collected Bengal. A total of 491 accessions of different agri- from remote pockets of Banswara, Dungarpur and horticultural crops were assembled. Details of areas Pratapgarh districts of Rajasthan. Morphological explored and germplasm collected are given in Table variability in grain types (red and yellow) and plant height 1.3.
Table 1.3: Explorations undertaken by NBPGR Headquarters during 2015
Diversity collected No. of accessions Collector(s); collaborator(s) Cult. Wild Total Explorations undertaken as per planned programme Paddy landraces (Nadia, Hooghly, North 24 Parganas 37 3 40 DP Semwal, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR; districts of WB) BK Senapati, BCKV, Kalyani, WB Multi-crop (Foothills and Terai belt of Uttarakhand) 16 26 42 Anjula Pandey, DP Semwal, Rita Gupta, ICAR-NBPGR Multi-crop (National Capital Region) 1 25 26 Anjula Pandey and K Pradheep, ICAR- NBPGR Brassica spp. (Drier parts of Rajasthan) 14 - 14 KC Bhatt, ICAR-NBPGR Ber (Alwar district, Rajasthan) 14 - 14 NS Panwar, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR Citrus spp. (Nellore, Kadapa, Chitoor districts of AP) 30 - 30 SK Malik, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR; V Ramana, M Laxmi, CRS, Tirupati Seed spices (Kinnaur, Lahaul-Spiti districts of HP) 67 1 68 SK Yadav, ICAR-NBPGR; RK Kakani, NRC Seed Spices, Ajmer Seed spices (Leh and Kargil districts of J&K) 20 21 41 SP Ahlawat, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR; RS Meena, NRC Seed Spices, Ajmer Wild Triticeae (Kargil district of J&K) - 96 96 K Pradheep, Sheikh M Sultan, ICAR-NBPGR Wild cucurbits (Visakhapatnam, East and West Godavari 10 39 49 K Pradheep, Babu Abraham, ICAR-NBPGR districts of AP) Wild pulses (Foothills of Uttarakhand and adjoining - 22 22 KC Bhatt, PS Mehta, ICAR-NBPGR; T areas of UP) Basavaraja, ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur Explorations under externally funded projects Drought tolerant wheat (Central Madhya Pradesh) 27 - 27 DP Semwal, OP Dhariwal, ICAR-NBPGR; (Under CRP-7 project) Terminal heat tolerant wheat (South-west Rajasthan) 22 - 22 K Pradheep, ICAR-NBPGR; RS Chouhan, MPUAT, Banswara (in NICRA project) Total 258 233 491 1.2.1 Trait-specific germplasm collection (red type taller and panicle orientation almost horizontal) was observed. Locally they are known by various names Paddy: A total of 40 accessions comprising Oryza sa- such as Peshu, Davadkani, Indorikotiya, Wazia, tiva (37) and O. nivara (3) were collected from parts Chapidya, Doraiya, Tukdi, Daula and Hiruma. of Nadia, Hooghly, North-24 Parganas and South-24 Farmers have exposed these local cultivars to diverse Parganas districts of West Bengal. Variability was ob- edaphic conditions (red soil, brown soil and black soil, served mainly for plant height, kernel colour, shape, size, with varying soil fertility, sand level and moisture), presence/absence of awns and aroma. Kernel weight topography (plain/undulating), climatic conditions (150- ranged from 9.55g (Kala Jeera) to 30.26 g (Suraj 550m) and cropping systems (sole/mixed cropping) for Patnai); and kernel length from 4.24 mm (Begun Bichi) a long period and hence they are well adapted to these to 10.48 mm (Suraj Patnai); kernel breadth from 1.92 harsh situations. These local cultivars have been in
DIVISION OF PLANT EXPLORATION AND GERMPLASM COLLECTION 21 powdery mildew, variability was observed for plant type, plant height, number of primary branches, seed colour (brown & yellow), number of siliquae per branch and number of seeds per siliqua.
Fig 1.3. Variability in rice from eastern districts of West Bengal Fig 1.5.Brassica tournefortii from Jobner, a drought prone area in Rajasthan cultivation for more than 40 years, and are still popular owing to their climate resilient attributes and exceptional quality of roti. In another trip to parts of Bhopal, Raisen, Sehore and Vidisha districts of Madhya Pradesh, a total of 27 accessions comprising Triticum aestivum (09), T. durum (10), Cicer arietinum (07) and Lens culinaris (01) were collected from rainfed areas. Variability was observed mainly for plant height, grain shape, size and colour which included some important local landraces viz. Kathiya, Kala ruin and Safed ruin. Landraces of chickpea having variability in grain size (small and large), shape and colour included Katila and Khajiya. Fig 1.6. Kala ruin: drought tolerant wheat landrace from Brassica: Fourteen accessions comprising Brassica Sehore, MP tournefortii (09), B. rapa var. yellow sarson (01), B. nigra (01) and Eruca sativa (03) were collected from 1.2.2 Crop wild relatives (CWR) collection drier parts of Jaipur, Nagaur and Sikar districts of 1.2.2.1 Wild Triticeae and Cicer: Ninety-six Rajasthan. In B. tournefortii, a potential source of accessions of Elymus nutans (22), E. cognatus (15), E. dahuricus (15), E. secalinus (12), E. longearistatus subsp. canaliculatus (11), E. repens (4), E. semicostatus (2), E. schrenkianus (1), Hordeum brevisubulatus (2), H. bogdanii (1), Hystrix duthiei (1), Cicer microphyllum (5) and others (5) were collected from Kargil district of Ladakh region. Of these, Elymus semicostatus, E. cognatuts, E. repens, E. schrenkianus, Hystrix duthiei and Hordeum bogdanii were collected for the first time. In Elymus nutans, good viriability with respect to plant height, earliness, spike (length, colour), number of spikelets/node (1-3) and awn Fig 1.4. Collecting drought tolerant obsolete cultivar of (length and colour) was observed, while plants at high wheat in Rajasthan altitude were usually robust with purplish inflorescence
22 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 and longer awn. Though adapted to diverse habitats and mulayanum, Perllia frutescens (5) in oilseeds; Cleome known for polymorphism, E. dahuricus was not found viscosa in spices and condiments, Corchorus tridens in Zanskar Valley. E. schrenkianus was rare, as only and Crotalaria striata in fibre. Significant collections four plants were found in the area. E. semicostatus was among the landraces/local types include black seeded observed in two places under shady localities, but Glycine max, open and closed headed Eleusine exhibited distinctness warranting taxonomic study. coracana, Cucumis sativus (hill cucumber), primitive Hystrix duthiei was found in shady and moist localities cultivars of paddy (China and Silky dhan). Wild paddy near Silmo. Collectors experienced the problem of high (Oryza nivara) has been first time collected from spikelet sterility in E. repens and Leymus secalinus, foothills of Uttarakhand; weedy type Vigna umbellata and poor pod filling in case of Cicer microphyllum; is an another interesting collection made from field resulting into low seed output in some accessions. margins; and weedy Perilla frutescens was found in abundance in open places and road sides mainly in moist 1.2.2.2 Wild cucurbits: A total of 49 accessions of localities. Small, bushy, less branching and fruiting type Trichosanthes cucumerina (9), T. were collected from dry and open places and climbing bracteata (8), Cucumis sativus plant with heavy bearing type of Cajanus var. hardwickii (7), C. scarabaeoides were collected from moist localities. maderaspatanus (4), other cucurbits (15) and five other wild 1.2.3.2 National Capital Region:Twenty-six species were collected from accessions comprising wild species, CWR and others Visakhapatnam, East Godavari and (12 taxa) were collected from Aravali range and areas West Godavari districts of Andhra Fig 1.7. Long-fruited adjoining river Yamuna. Important ones being Ziziphus Pradesh. About 20 cm long fruited Trichosanthes nummularia (4), Z. rotundifolia (1), Avena sterilis cucumerina Trichosanthes cucumerina var. ludoviciana (2), Melilotus indicus (6), Mucuna collected from West Godavari district, could be the result pruriens var. utilis (1), Solanum virginianum (1), S. of spontaneous hybridization between wild (T. nigrum (1), Withania somnifera (1), Chenopodium cucumerina) and cultivated (T. anguina) type. Good murale (1), Sesbania sesban (1), and other economic diversity in Cucumis taxa (5) was collected. Above species (7). Variants of Ziziphus nummularia and Z. 700m, C. sativus var. hardwickii, the progenitor of rotundifolia were collected as seed for further cucumber, was observed occasionally in premises of crop taxonomical study. fields as weed, also along roadsides, over thickets and bushes. Spine gourd was found both in wild and cultivated state; cultivation resulted in improvement of fruit size. 1.2.3 Region specific/multi-species collection 1.2.3.1 Uttarakhand:A total of 64 accessions (49 wild and 15 cultivated species) of different agri-horticultural crops were collected from parts of Nainital, Udham Singh Nagar, Pauri, Haridwar and Dehradun districts of Uttarakhand and Bijnor district of Uttar Pradesh. Important collections include Oryza sativa, O. nivara, Eleusine coracana in cereals and millets: Cajanus scarabaeoides (6), Vigna unguiculata, V. umbellata Fig 1.8. Oryza nivara Fig 1.9. Variability in (Jangli-dhan) collected Elymus dahuricus from (1), V. dalzelliana (1), V. vexillata (1), Glycine max in first time from foothills of single locality near legumes; Abelmoschus tetraphyllus, Amaranthus Uttarakhand Budkharbu, Kargil dubilus, A. spinosus, Coccinia indica, Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii, C. sativus, Luffa acutangula 1.2.4 Horticultural crops var. amara, L. hermaphrodita, L. graveolens, 1.2.4.1 Seed spices Trichosanthes bracteata, T. cucumerina, Solanum : A total of 41 accessions of Bunium persicum (5), Carum carvi (12) and indicum, S. nigrum in vegetables; Sesamum Coriandrum sativum (10) were collected from Zanskar
DIVISION OF PLANT EXPLORATION AND GERMPLASM COLLECTION 23 1.2.4.3 Ber: A total of 14 accessions of Ber (Ziziphus rotundifolia) were collected from Alwar district of Rajasthan. The variability was observed for plant size, fruit size (round, oblong), canopy (spreading, conical) and TSS (7-10%).
Fig 1.10. Prolific bearing Fig 1.11. Variability in Cajanus scarabaeoides in Trichosanthes bracteata Uttarakhand from Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh
Valley, Kargil and Leh area of Ladakh region. Variability was recorded for leaf size, umbel colour and shape, plant type, seed size and colour and fragrance. Bunium Fig 1.12. Fruit variability in Z. rotundifolia from Alwar, persicum and Carum carvi were quite abundant earlier Rajasthan in wild but now both have become scarce in alpine, sub- alpine and temperate zones (1800-3500m) of Kargil and Zanskar Valley. Climatic uncertainties, over-exploitation, immature collection and lack of regeneration are major reasons for declining of their populations in wild. Landraces of Pisum arvense (6) and Lens culinaris (1) were also collected. Capparis spinosa was also collected from Saspol (at 3091m), which is locally used in making pickle. Another trip conducted in Kinnaur and Lahaul-Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh, a total of 68 accessions comprising B. persicum (36) and Coriandrum sativum (32) were collected. Good variability in coriander was observed for seed size, shape and fragrance while little variability was noticed in B. Fig 1.13. Variability in Carum carvi from Ladakh persicum growing mostly in kitchen gardens, and used for culinary purpose. 1.2.4.2 Citrus: Thirty accessions of citrus comprising Citrus aurantium (1), C. aurantifolia (12), C. grandis (1), C. jambhiri (1), C. limonia (3), C. maderaspatana (1), C. paradisi (1), C. sinensis (7), C. unshiu (1) and Citrus sp.(2) were collected from parts of Chittoor, Nellore and Cuddapah districts of Andhra Pradesh. Good variability in C.aurantifolia (Lime), C. sinensis (Satgudi) and C.maderaspatana (Kitchli) was observed. Lime variety Balaji was most promising and sweet orange-Satgudi having high yield and sweetness is highly Fig 1.14. ‘Satgudi’: A sweet orange from Andhra preferred by farmers. Kitchli a local uncommon citrus Pradesh type is also grown in the area.
24 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 1.3 National Herbarium of Cultivated Plants received through explorations in Assam and Nagaland (74), Rauvolfia verticillata, Elettaria cardamomum A total of 371 herbarium specimens, seven seed samples and Solanum multiflorum from Kerala and Tamil Nadu and eight economic products were added to the National (51), Elymus nutans, Hordeum brevisubulatum, Herbarium of Cultivated Specimen (NHCP), making Leymus secalinus, and Amaranthus powellii from total collection of 22,034 herbarium specimens Jammu & Kashmir (99) and Allium macranthum, (representative of 4,088 species belonging to 1,490 Gymnopetalum chinense, Luffa graveolens and genera and 265 families), 3051 seed samples and 670 Trichosanthes cucumerina from Uttarakhand (20). economic products. Sixty taxa, not represented earlier, Specimens added through identification included Canna were added as specimens and digital images to the indica, Scorpiurus muricatus as herbaruium; Rumex NHCP (Table 1.4). Herbarium specimens were added acetosa as seed, and dried fruits of Juglans regia, as vouchers from experimental studies of Sorghum (44) Prunus amygdalus and Carya illinoinensis as from Hyderabad, exotic wild species of Lens (66) under economic products. Identification services were provided ICARDA project from New Delhi, Piper, Crotalaria (33) and authentication certificates (30) issued to students from Thrissur (4) and Allium hookeri (1) from Bhowali. and researchers for material taken up for experimental Other major additions included Caryota obtusa, study. Herpetospermum operculatum, and Arachis pintoi
Table 1.4: New taxa added to NHCP during 2015
Taxon Family Locality W/C Allium macranthum Baker Alliaceae Uttarakhand C Amaranthus powellii S. Watson Amaranthaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Arachis pintoi Karpov. & W. C. Greg Fabaceae Kerala C Artocarpus chama Buch.-Ham. Moraceae Nagaland W Caryota obtusa Griff. Arecaceae Nagaland W Centrosema molle Mart. ex Benth. Fabaceae Kerala Naturalized Chenopodium strictum Roth. Chenopodiaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Conringia planisiliqua Fisch. & C. A. Mey. Brassicaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Crotalaria stipitata Grahm ex W. & A. Fabaceae Kerala W Dysphania pumilio (R. Br.) Mosyakin & Clemants Chenopodiaceae Jammu & Kashmir Naturalized Elymus longearistatus (Boiss.)Tzvelev Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Elymus nutans Griseb. Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Elymus semicostatus (Nees ex Steud.) Melderis Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Flemingia wallichi W. & A. Fabaceae Tamil Nadu W Gynura cusimbua (D. Don.) S. Moore Asteraceae Nagaland C Hordeum brevisubulatum (Trin) Link Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Lens culinaris Medik. subsp.orientalis (Boiss.) Hand.-Mazz. Fabaceae ICARDA Material C Lens culinaris Medik. subsp. tomentosus (Ladiz.) ME. Ferguson Fabaceae ICARDA Material C Lens lamottei Czefr. Fabaceae ICARDA Material W Lens nigricans (M. Bieb.) Webb. & Berthel. Fabaceae ICARDA Material W Lepidium apetalum Willd. Brassicaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Leymus secalinus (Georgi) Tzvelev Poaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Mentha royleana Wall. ex Benth. Lamiaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Piper retrofractum Vahl Piperaceae Kerala C Plukenetia corniculata Sm. Euphorbiaceae Nagaland W/C Populus pamirica Komarov Salicaceae Jammu & Kashmir C Rauvolfia verticillata (Lour.) Baill. Apocynaceae Tamil Nadu W Robinia pseudoacacia L. Fabaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Sapium baccatum Roxb. Euphorbiaceae Nagaland W/C Solanum muricatum Aiton Solanaceae Nagaland C Solena heterophylla Lour. Cucurbitaceae Nagaland W
DIVISION OF PLANT EXPLORATION AND GERMPLASM COLLECTION 25 Tanacetum gracile Hook. f. & Thomson Asteraceae Jammu & Kashmir W Urtica hyperborea Jacq. Urticaceae Jammu & Kashmir W Vicia benthamiana Ali Fabaceae Jammu & Kashmir W
1.3.1 Digitization of herbarium in NHCP: Crop taxa wallichi and A. macranthum were well distinguishable represented in the NHCP was digitized after based on bulb and root characters. Allium hookeri (two authentication of identity of specimens/taxa belonging variants) studied for selected characters in field gene to crop genepools, linking with digital images of reference bank at Bhowali were variable in plant height, leaf and herbarium specimen(s); working out ‘spot’ characters inflorescence characters. Endemic species of Allium viz. for identification of species, and other data on accepted A. kachrooi, A. rosenbachianum and A. oreoprasum, nomenclature, infra-specific variants, distribution/ location and cultivated A. nigrum were studied using herbarium data, phenology, use, etc. A total of 540 specimens were specimens at University of Kashmir, Srinagar. digitised including those of 60 newly added taxa which resulted in a total of 5,540 digitised images. The herbarium 1.4.3 Luffa: Gap analysis revealed the need for digital resource was configured in web-based software augmenting germplasm collections in L. echinata and in collaboration with AKMU (http://192.168.1.59/herb/ L. graveolens across the distribution range especially Hindex.aspx). north and eastern India (Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and parts of Madhya Pradesh). Identification characters (6) in L. 1.4 Biosystematic Studies echinata were studied at collection sites in Haryana and Uttarakhand and by raising same material under 1.4.1 Trichosanthes: Distinguishing two forms of experimental conditions. Variation data recorded on fruit Trichosanthes bracteata, and distribution of T. and seed characters in L. acutangula (3 accessions) himalensis in Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, were and a closely related cluster-fruit bearing L. first time recorded during field study of the region. hermaphrodita (4 accessions including a solitary-fruited Herbarium studies revealed that the specimen (M.S. type); indicated that cluster-fruiting habit has probably Ramaswami 1398), claiming the presence of evolved from solitary fruit. Luffa acutangula var. Gymnopetalum chinense in Andhra Pradesh, turned out amara (8) collected from Uttarakhand and Rajasthan to be Solena; also studies indicated the probable were studied for variation among fruit and seed occurrence of (true) T. tricuspidata in Andaman characters and occurrence of rare traits like mosaic Nicobar Islands. Type specimen (in Kew and Harvard pattern of testa were observed. Herbarium) study revealed that the type ( and ) of T. khasiana in fact represent two different species (T. 1.4.4 Leafy amaranth: Gap analysis revealed no khasiana and an unknown species), and confirmed the collection of wild species-Amaranthus polygonoides, occurrence of T. subrosea in India. Infrageneric A. x caturus, A. tenuifolius and different subspecies classification of 16 Indian species at subgeneric and under A. graecizans, while poor representation of A. sectional level was worked out. Molecular systematic graecizans subsp. graecizans, A. blitum and A. dubius works were initiated byisolating DNA of 60 accessions, at the Bureau; indicating the need for proper collection using 50 SSR primer pairs and optimizing amplification and identification. About 174 accessions representing conditions for 36 loci. diverse species were augmented from various sources such as National Genebank, Regional Stations, and 1.4.2 Allium:Taxonomic study was done on Allium explorations in AP, J&K, Delhi, Uttarakhand and auriculatum, A. carolinianum and A. przewalskianum Rajasthan. Of these, 80 accessions involving diverse based on collected plant material, seed and herbarium species were grown for recording taxonomically good images. Flower characters were compared among newly characters. A. graecizans (4 accessions) and A. blitum collected variants of A. tuberosum (from Leh, Darchik, (8) have been studied in detail; in A. blitum, characters Jammu & Kashmir) and five accessions collected earlier like sub-erect plant habit and retuse leaf nature were from NEH region and western Himalaya (Uttarakhand). observed to be stable, whereas ‘lanceolate’ bract shape Preliminary studies show that pink flowered forms from as reported was validated as ‘linear’ in all the accessions. J&Kwere apparently similar to white flowered forms. Study of types of intended taxa in virtual herbaria Species of subgenus Amerallium, section revealed high level of variation in A. tricolor complex. Bromatorrhiza- A. hookeri, A. fasciculatum, A.
26 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 1.5 Mapping of Diversity Collected in Different Agri-horticultural Crops
In rice, a total of 39,900 accessions have so far been collected from various parts of the country. Among these, 32,455 accessions had passport data with locality details of collection sites (state, district and village) and these were further screened for availability in the National Genebank. Geo-referencing and mapping of collected diversity of rice germplasm was done. Analysis of passport data shows that majority of rice germplasm accessions have been collected from Chhattisgarh (8,073) followed by Odisha (3,491), Madhya Pradesh (3,294), Assam (2,170) and Uttar Pradesh (1,687). Gap areas identified for future collection included West Bengal (Bardhman, Bankura and Birbhum districts); Karnataka (Chikkamagluru, Dakshina Kannada, Mandya, Hassan and Udupi districts), Maharashtra (Kolahapur, Sangli, Satara and Solapur districts) and North-eastern Hill region (Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari and Kokrajhar districts of Assam; Bishnupur, Chandel, Senapati and Ukhrul districts of Manipur) of the country. Passport data on Solanum germplasm (over 4,210 accessions) collected from different parts of the country Fig 1.15. Collecting sites of rice germplasm was screened and germplasm represented from eastern region (2,135 accessions) were geo-referenced.
Research Programme (Code: Title, Leader) PGR/PGC-BUR-01.00: Exploration for collection of germplasm of agri-horticultural crops, maintenance of herbarium and biosystematic and ethno-botanical studies E Roshini Nayar (up to 28.2.2015), SP Ahlawat (w.e.f. 1.3.2015) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.01: Exploration for collection of genetic resources of agricultural crops and theireir wild relatives (E Roshini Nayar up to 28.2.2015), SP Ahlawat (w.e.f. 1.3.2015), KC Bhatt, DP Semwalal, Soyimchiten and NS Panwar) PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.02: Exploration for collection of genetic resources of horticultural crop speciesnd and their wild relatives (KC Bhatt, SK Malik, K Pradheep, DP Semwal and Soyimchiten) PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.03: National Herbarium of Cultivated Plants (NHCP),establishment,maintenance, build-up and taxonomic studies on crop plants E Roshini Nayar (up to 28.2.2015), Anjula Pandey (w.e.f. 1.3.2015), K Pradheep and Rita Gupta) PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.04: Systematic studies of native crop taxa (K Pradheep, Anjula Pandey, K C Bhatt and Rita Gupta). PGR/PGC-BUR-DEL-01.05: Geo-informatics for assessment of diversity distribution in agri-horticultural crops (DP Semwal, KC Bhatt, Anjula Pandey, E Roshini Nayar (up to 28.2.2015) N Sivaraj, Soyimchiten and NS Panwar)
DIVISION OF PLANT EXPLORATION AND GERMPLASM COLLECTION 27 GERMPLASM EXCHANGE UNIT 2
Summary: During the period under report 43,890 accessions (1,41,065 samples) were imported which included 34,377 accessions (36,554 samples) of germplasm and 9,513 entries (1,04,511 samples) of CGIAR nurseries for trials. A total of 12,192 samples of different crops were supplied to national users for utilization in various crop improvement programmes in the country based on requests received from research workers under Material Transfer Agreement (MTA). In addition, a total of 84,195 samples supplied for regeneration/ multiplication/ morphological characterization/ preliminary evaluation/ taxonomic identification/ were DNA fingerprinting/ viability testing.
2.1 Import of Plant Genetic Resources (5), O. spontanea x rufipogon (2) from Philippines; Triticum aestivum (231) from Australia, (394) from The unit continued its efforts for germplasm introduction Canada, (5) from Israel, (8) from Japan, (692) from to meet the specific requirements of scientists working Mexico, (5) from UK, (144) from USA, T. aestivum in ICAR research institutes, State Agricultural subsp. sphaerococcum (32) from USA, T. sharonense Universities (SAUs), other public and private sector (2) from Israel, Triticum sp. (58) from Japan, T. turgidum organizations with R&D, and non-governmental subsp. durum (46) from Mexico; Zea mays (217) from organizations (NGOs). Plant genetic resources import/ Brazil, (31) from Chile, (69) from Egypt, (153) from introduction comprised of material obtained on request France, (37) from Germany, (4) from Italy, (1122) from from the scientists as well as collaborators for Mexico, (3084) from Philippines, (20) from South Africa, international trials to be conducted in India. Introductions (4875) from Thailand and (2226) from USA. of seed/planting material made during the year were as follows: Millets: Panicum miliaceum (63), P. sumatrense (14) both from Nigeria, Pennisetum glaucum (37) from USA, Germplasm accessions : 34,377 accessions Pennisetum sp. (159) from Nigeria; Eleusine sp. (52) procured and processed (36,554 samples) from Nigeria, Setaria italica (18) from Nigeria; CGIAR nurseries for trials : 9,513 entries (1,04,511 Sorghum bicolor (291) from Argentina, (one) from samples) Ethiopia, (1117) from Mali, (448) from Niger, (186) from No. of countries involved : 44 Nigeria, (1) from South Africa, and Sorghum sp. (152) No. of Import Permits issued : 722 from Nigeria.
Cereals: Hordeum vulgare (40) from Australia, (152) Oilseeds: Arachis hypogaea (213) from Nigeria; from France, (1) from USA; Oryza alta (11), O. Brassica carinata (7), B. fruticulosa (2), B. juncea australiensis (9), O. barthii (10), O. brachyantha (10), (77) all from Australia, B. juncea, (316) from Canada, O. eichingeri (12), O. glaberrima (37), O. B. napus (55) from Australia, (1) from Canada, (250) glumaepatula (13), O. grandiglumis (11), O. granulata from UK, B. nigra (22) from Australia, B. oleracea (13), O. latifolia (11), O. longiglumis (11), O. (20) from USA, B. rapa (63) from Australia, (3) from longistaminata (8), O. meridionalis (9), O. meyeriana Canada, (21) from UK, Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (6), O. minuta (12), O. nivara (9), O. nivara x O. (1) from USA; B. rapa subsp. pekinensis (2) from rufipogon (3), O. nivara x sativa (1), O. officinalis Canada, (7) from USA; B. tournefortii (4) from (12), O. punctata (6), O. rhizomatis (9), O. ridleyi (16), Australia; Carthamus tinctorius (5) from Bangladesh; O. rufipogon (41), O. rufipogon x O. nivara (1), O. Eruca sativa (3) from Australia, E.vesicaria (2) from rufipogon x O. spontanea (5), O. rufipogon x sativa Canada; Glycine max (75) from Canada, (70) from (1) all from Philippines, O. sativa (7) from Bangladesh, Taiwan, (2) from USA; Helianthus annuus (279) from (341) from Belgium, (2348) from Brazil, (209) from France, (328) from USA, H. niveus subsp. canescens China, (47) from France, (7137) from Philippines, (474) (8) from USA; Linum usitatissimum (90) from Canada; from USA, (5) from Vietnam, O. sativa × O. nivara Ricinus communis (1) from Uzbekistan; Sesamum sp. (2) from Philippines; O. sativa subsp. japonica (14) (1) from Uzbekistan, S. indicum (2) from Kyrgyzstan, from USA, O. sativa x O. rufipogon (1), O. spontanea (1) from Uzbekistan; Sinapis alba (1) from Australia,
28 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 (14) from Canada, S. arvensis (1) from Australia and Raphanus sativus (4) from Canada; Solanum Brassicoraphanus sp. (1) from Canada. acerifolium (1), S. aculeatissimum (2), S. aethiopicum (8), S. americanum (2), S. anguivi (4), S. arcanum (8), Grain legumes: Cajanus sp. (57) from Nigeria; Cicer S. atropurpureum (1), S. aviculare (2), S. arietinum (5) from Australia, (100) from Morocco, (1) brachyantherum (1), S. capsicoides (3), S. caripense from Uzbekistan, C. echinospermum (6) from Turkey (1) all from USA, S. cheesmaniae (2) from Netherlands, C. reticulatum (20) from Turkey, (26) from USA, Cicer (10) from USA; S. chilense (41), S. chippendalei (1), sp. (125) from Nigeria; Lathyrus sativus (2) from UK; S. chmielewskii (6), S. corneliomulleri (7), S. douglasii Lens culinaris (172) from Australia; Phaseolus (1), S. dulcamara (1), S. elaeagnifolium (1), S. ferox vulgaris (2) from Kazakhstan, (5) from Philippines, (2) (1), S. gabrielae (1), S. galapagense (12), S. from USA, (1) from Uzbekistan; Pisum sativum (224) habrochaites (23), S. habrochaites x S. from Australia; Vigna mungo (18), V. radiata (94) both corneliomulleri x S. chilense (1), S. huaylasense (5), from Taiwan,(1) from Uzbekistan and V. unguiculata S. incanum (4), S. laciniatum (2), S. lichtensteinii (1), subsp. sesquipedalis (5) from Philippines. S. linnaeanum (3), S. lycopersicoides (6) all from USA; S. lycopersicum (22) from France, (76) from Guatemala, Vegetable crops: Abelmoschus caillei (149), A. (169) from Netherlands, (263) from Thailand,(1) from crinitus (1), A. esculentus (4), A. manihot (55), A. UK, (792) from USA; S.macrocarpum (2), S. moschatus (17), A. tuberculatus (1), all from USA; mammosum (3), S. mauritianum (1) all from USA; Allium cepa (6) from Kyrgyzstan, (5) from Uzbekistan; S.melongena (10) from Taiwan; (22) from USA, S. Allium sativum (16) from Israel, (3) from Kazakhstan, neorickii (6), S. nigrum (3), S. pennellii (24), S. (3) from Kyrgyzstan, (7) from Uzbekistan; Allium sp. peruvianum (5) all from USA, pimpinellifolium (73) (1) from Tajikistan, (4) from Uzbekistan; Brassica from Netherlands, (31) from USA, S. pseudocapsicum oleracea var. botrytis (98) from France, (210) from (3), S. pyracanthos (1), S. quitoense (1), S. retroflexum Netherlands, (227) from USA; B. oleracea var. capitata (1), S. rostratum (1), S. sarrachoides (1), S. scabrum (175) from China, (268) from France, (41) from Korea, (2), S. sessiliflorum (1), S. sisymbrifolium (2), S. sitiens (267) from Netherlands, (45) from USA; Capsicum (5), Solanum sp. (8), S. stramoniifolium (1), S. villosum annuum (31) from Guatemala, (149) from Korea, (2) (1), S. virginianum (3) and S. viride (1) all from USA. from Spain, (1) from Tajikistan, (65) from Thailand, (794) from USA; C.annuum var. glabriusculum Forages and Agroforestry crops: Acacia mangium (1),C.baccatum (2),C.baccatum var. pendulum (4) all (14) from Australia; Atriplex deserticola (1), A. halimus from USA; C.chacoense (1) from Spain; (1) from USA; (1), A. lentiformis (2), A. lindleyi subsp. inflata (1), A. C. chinense (1) from Spain; (5), C. eximium (1) all from nummularia (3), A. sagittata (1) all from USA; Avena USA; C. frutescense (1) from Spain; C. galapagoense sativa (85) from Sweden, (1) from Uzbekistan; Dactylis (1), C. pubescens (1) from USA; Citrullus amarus glomerata (1) from USA; Diplotaxis tenuifolia (1) (11), C. colocynthis (8) both from USA; C. lanatus from Australia; Echinochloa frumentacea (1) from (23) from Netherlands, (1) from Tajikistan, (3) from Nigeria; Elaeagnus angustifolia (1) from Uzbekistan; Thailand, (55) from USA ; C.lanatus var. lanatus Eucalyptus cameldulensis var. cameldulensis (7) from (68),C.rehmii (3) both from USA; Cucumis melo (3) Brazil (79) from Israel, (2) from LaoPDR; E.grandis from Netherlands, (3) from Tajikistan, (11) from USA ; (13), E. pellita (8) both from Brazil, (95) from LaoPDR; C. melo subsp. melo (12), C. melo var. agrestis (8), E. tereticornis (4) from Brazil; Eucalyptus urophylla C.melo var. conomon (3), C. melo var. flexuosus (3), (10) from LaoPDR and Trifolium alexandrinum (1) C. melo var. inodorus (4) all from USA; C. sativus from Uzbekistan. (528) from Netherlands, (6) from Taiwan, (5) from Fibre crops: Gossypium hirsutum (98) from USA. Thailand, (61) from USA ; C. sativus var. sativus (15), Cucumis sp. (11) both from USA; Cucurbita pepo (1) Fruit crops: Macadamia integrifolia (10) from USA; from Kyrgyzstan, (1) from Uzbekistan; Lagenaria Malus domestica (4) from Netherlands, (9) from USA; siceraria (2) from Netherlands, (5) from USA; Luffa Musa acuminata (24), M. balbisiana (12) both from acutangula (18), L. graveolens (2),Luffa sp. (4) from Belgium; Persea americana (2) from USA; Phoenix USA; Momordica balsamina (1) from USA; dactylifera (2) from Jordan; Punica granatum (57) M.charantia (38) from Thailand, (1) from USA; from USA; Vitis sp. (16) from USA.
GERMPLASM EXCHANGE UNIT 29 Ornamental crops: Lilium sp. (15) from Netherlands. Plantation crops: Elaeis guineensis (20) from Malaysia; Hevea brasiliensis (4) from Cambodia and Spices:Anethum graveolens (1) from Uzbekistan; (3) from Indonesia. Coriandrum sativum (1) from Kyrgyzstan, (1) from Uzbekistan; Cuminum cyminum (2) from Kyrgyzstan, Potential Crops: Amaranthus sp. (1) from Tajikistan; (1) from Uzbekistan; Foeniculum vulgare (1) from Fagopyrum esculentum (1) from Uzbekistan; Vicia Kyrgyzstan and (1) from Uzbekistan. faba (101) from Cyprus.
M& AP: Muntingia calabura (1) from USA; Nigella Tubers: Manihot esculenta (5) from Switzerland; sativa (2),Ocimum tenuiflorum (2) both from Solanum suaveolens (3) from USA; Solanum Uzbekistan; Papaver somniferum (8) from UK; tuberosum (1) from Canada, (5) from France, (3) from Rosmarinus officinalis (1) from USA. Germany, (8) from Netherlands, (4) from New Zealand, (2) from UK and (10) from USA. Narcotics: Nicotiana benthamiana (2) from USA; N. tabacum (5) from Brazil and (4) from USA. Others: Arundo donax (1) from Honduras; Arabidopsis thaliana (3) from France and (13) from Beverages: Coffea arabica (15) from USA; USA. Theobroma cacao (41) from UK.
Fig 2.1: Late-maturing orchard grass with excellent forage quality and increased winter tolerance (a), Promising accessions of Dill, Russian olive,mung bean, buckwheat, and oats from Uzbekistan (b,c,d,e,f)
30 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Table 2.1: Trait specific germplasm introduced and distributed
Crop/ EC No./ Country Specific Traits Distribution Oryza sativa (Paddy) EC837459-837762/ Philippines High zinc content ICRISAT, Patancheru EC850436-851005/ Philippines Breeding lines for drought and salinity ICRISAT, Patancheru EC862444-862445/ Bangladesh High zinc content ICRISAT, Patancheru EC846939-41 / Philippines Wild species- O. longistaminata, O.meyeriana, O. ridleyi GCD, NBPGR Triticum aestivum (Wheat) EC841152 / Mexico EC841165 Near –Isogenic lines carrying genes Lr34, Lr46, Lr67, IARI RS, Indore Lr68 EC841516 / USA Large kernel size and superior yielding ability, resistance to diseases, prevalent in Oklahoma and surroundings states, favourable dough strength, exceptional recovery of isolated gluten fractions from compressive deformation. GED, NBPGR EC870177-870247/ USA Source for improvement of heat tolerance DGR, NBPGR Helianthus annuus (Sunflower) EC838641/USA Variety HA 342 High oleic acid content (85.0%) IIOR, Hyderabad EC838643/ USA Restorer line with high oleic acid content (86.3%), resistant to race 2 of downy mildew. IIOR, Hyderabad EC838654/ USA CM601, Resistant to rust and Verticillium wilt IIOR, Hyderabad EC838794/ USA HA 413 with high linoleic acid content IIOR, Hyderabad Dactylis glomerata (Orchard grass) EC871140/ USA Late maturing, excellent forage quality and increased GCD, NBPGR; NBPGR winter tolerance RS Shimla Malus domestica (Apple) EC860918-860923/ USA Improved varieties Succary, Eechnoff, Dorsett Golden, Dr YSPUHF, Solan early to mid-early types, high yielding EC860917/ USA Variety Anna resistant to apple scab, powdery mildew, Dr YSPUHF, Solan cedar apple rust and fire blight Vitis vinifera (Grapes) EC840350-840362/ USA Varieties Cayuga white, Landott 4511, Othello, Joyous, NRC Grapes, Pune Tetra, Mars-resistant to cracking, downy mildew, drought, insect and black rot Punica granatum (Pomegranate) EC844202-844207/USA Ornamental varieties double red white, double red, IIHR, Bengaluru orange and Hakubatan Elaeis guineensis (Oil palm) EC869395-869414/ Malaysia Short rachis with small crown. High carotene content, IIOPR, Pedavegi drought tolerant. Considerably low level of free fatty Aacids (FFA) Core and mini core Collection Sorghum EC842897-843045;EC843394-843396 GCD, NBPGR Pearlmillet EC842752-842893;EC843377-843393 GCD, NBPGR Chickpea EC843046-843169 GCD, NBPGR Pigeonpea EC843233-843289 GCD, NBPGR Groundnut EC842628-842733;EC843353-843376 GCD, NBPGR Finger millet EC843290-843341 GCD, NBPGR Foxtail millet EC843342-843352 GCD, NBPGR Proso millet EC843170-843232 GCD, NBPGR Little millet EC842894 GCD, NBPGR Barnyard millet EC842374-842747 GCD, NBPGR
GERMPLASM EXCHANGE UNIT 31 Table 2.2: Details of transgenic seed material imported
Accession No./ Country Genes/ Events Recipient Arabidopsis EC852212-217/USA T-DNA insertion lines E I Dupont India Private Limited, Ranga Reddi district, Hyderabad EC866711-717/USA T-DNA insertion National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi EC870248-250/France Bench Bio Private Limited, Valsad Gossypium hirsutum (cotton) EC852518-527/USA Stacked Events MON15985x Monsanto Holdings Private Limited, Medak COT102 x MON 88913 District Glycine max (Soybean) EC859729/USA HaHB4 gene Sungro Seeds Limited, New Delhi Manihot esculenta (Cassava) EC839010-014/ Switzerland Line dsAC1-2, dsAC1-101, dsAC1- ICAR- CTCRI, Thiruvananthapuram 151, Cambia 1301 Oryza sativa (Paddy) EC838493-838496/France T-DNA/TOS17inserted mutant lines IARI, New Delhi Zea mays (Maize) EC851258-60/USA DAS -01507-1 X MON-00810-6XMON- Pioneer Hi-Bred Private Limited, Medak 00603-6,DAS -01507-1 X MON-00810-6, District DAS -01507-1, MON -00603-6 EC862405- EC862410/USA TC1507 X NK603 (DAS-015071XMON- 00603-6) EC866742- EC866773/USA Vip3Aa20
2.2 Export of Plant Genetic Resources
Facilitated supply of FAO designated accessions (163 samples) of ICRISAT mandate crops and 3,142 samples of CIMMYT maize trials (exotic origin) to different countries through RS, Hyderabad.
2.3 National supply of Plant Genetic Resources
The seed and planting material of diverse agri- horticultural crops were supplied to ICAR institutes/ Fig 2.2. National supply of seed/planting material to recipients under different categories coordinated projects, agricultural universities and other users in India. Based on specific requests received 12,192 Agreement (MTA). The categories of recipients who samples (Cereals: 5,077; Grain legumes: 3,687; received the material are depicted in Figure 2.2. In Vegetables: 1,778; Fibres: 21; Forages: 67; Ornamentals: addition, a total of 84,195 samples were supplied for 31; Potential crops: 546; Medicinal and aromatic plants: regeneration/ multiplication/ morphological 90; Oilseeds: 601; Millets: 242; Fruits: 50 and Narcotics: characterization/ preliminary evaluation/ taxonomic 02) were supplied under the Material Transfer identification/ DNA fingerprinting/ viability.
32 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader)
PGR/GEX-BUR-DEL-01.00: Exchange of plant genetic resources with foreign countries (import/ export) their national supplies to the scientists/users in the country along with related information and documentation of these activities in the form of plant genetic reporter on line publication (Pratibha Brahmi)
Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates)
PGR/GEX-BUR-DEL-01.01: Import, export, inland supply and survey of literature for procurement of elite/ trait specific PGR in cereals, oilseeds, fibres, medicinal & aromatic plants, millets, sugar yielding crops and documentation (Anita Pedapati, Vandana Tyagi, SP Singh, Surender Singh, PC Binda)
PGR/GEX-BUR-DEL-01.02: Import, export, inland supply and survey of literature for procurement of elite/ trait specific PGR in vegetables, forages, under -utilized plants, ornamentals, spices and condiments, plantation crops and documentation. (SK Yadav, Nidhi Verma (till August 2015), Pratibha Brahmi (w.e.f September 2015), SP Singh, Surender Singh, PC Binda)
PGR/GEX-BUR-DEL-01.03: Import, export, inland supply and survey of literature for procurement of elite/ trait specific PGR in fruits, grain legumes, tubers, narcotics and beverages and documentation. (Nidhi Verma (till August 2015), Vandana Tyagi (w.e.f September 2015), SK Yadav, Anitha Pedapati (w.e.f September 2015), SP Singh, Surender Singh, PC Binda)
GERMPLASM EXCHANGE UNIT 33 DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 3
Summary: A total of 1,19,025 samples of imported germplasm accessions including trial entries of various crops and their wild relatives were processed for quarantine clearance. These samples included true seeds, rooted plants, cuttings, rhizomes, suckers, bulbs, nuts and tissue culture plantlets. The infested/ infected samples (2,182) - comprised insects (440), nematodes (248), fungi/ bacteria (431), viruses (94) and weeds (969) including several exotic pests. Of the 2,182 infested/ infected/ contaminated samples, 2,019 were salvaged through physico-chemical methods viz., fumigation, hot water treatment (HWT), X-ray radiography, pesticidal treatment, mechanical cleaning and growing-on test. One hundred and sixty-three samples could not be salvaged and were rejected. A total of 58 samples comprising 19 of Glycine max from Costa Rica due to Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV), Grapevine fan leaf virus (GFLV), Pea enation mosaic virus (PEMV), Raspberry ringspot virus (RpRSV), Tomato black ring virus (TBRV); five of G. max from Canada due to GFLV and TBRV; 34 of Vigna unguiculata from IITA, Nigeria due to Bean pod mottle virus, CLRV, GFLV, Peanut stunt virus and Tomato ring spot virus were rejected. One thousand one hundred and forty-two samples of exotic germplasm of different legume crops imported from different countries/ sources were grown in post-entry quarantine (PEQ) greenhouses and the harvest of the plants free from viral symptoms was released to the indenters. A total of 181 samples were processed for export of which 96 infected samples were salvaged and seven Phytosanitary Certificates were issued. Quarantine processing of 641 samples of imported transgenic planting material revealed, fungal infection in maize and cotton; viruses in maize; absence of terminator gene was ensured and all samples were salvaged prior to release. A total of 18,860 samples were received from Division of Germplasm Conservation for seed health testing of which 1,262 samples were found infected/ infested with different pests. A total of 3,789 samples were subjected to X-ray radiography and 125 samples were rejected as they could not be salvaged. A total of 128 samples were found infected with nematodes. In addition, 118 cryo-preserved samples were received from TCCU for seed health testing of which 14 samples were found infected with different fungi and all were salvaged.
3.1 Import Quarantine infestation of bruchids and chalcids. A total of 2,182 samples were found infested/ infected/ contaminated. 3.1.1 Quarantine examination: A total of 1,19,025 Of these, 440 samples were found infested with insects/ samples comprising germplasm accessions, nurseries/ mites including 382 with hidden infestation; 248 samples trial breeding material of various crops including both infected with nematodes, 431 infected with fungi/ true seed and vegetative propagules were processed for bacteria, 94 with viruses and 969 with weeds. A total of the detection of associated exotic insect pests, mites, 969 samples comprising germplasm accessions, plant parasitic nematodes, plant pathogens (fungi, nurseries/ trial breeding material of various crops were bacteria, viruses) and weed seeds by various detection found contaminated with 21 types of weed seeds out of techniques. Of the import samples, 2,793 samples were which the following eight are noxious and not yet exposed to X-ray radiography for detection of hidden reported from India.
Fig 3.1. Weed seeds (a) Polygonum arenastrum; (b) Convolvulus erubescens; (c) Avena barbata; (d) Centaurea melitensis;(e) Galium tricornutum; (f) Lithospermum arvense; (g) Phalaris paradoxa; (h) Echium plantagineum
34 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 3.1.2 Salvaging of infested/ infected/ contaminated from CIMMYT (Mexico), and Barley (501) from germplasm: Of the total 2,182 infested/ infected/ ICARDA (Syria) were grown in PEQ nursery at contaminated samples, 2,019 were salvaged by various NBPGR and inspected regularly for presence of pests disinfestation techniques/ treatments like mechanical and disease symptoms. cleaning to remove damaged/ abnormal seeds, soil clods, plant debris etc., fumigation with ethylene dichloride- A total of 937 samples of exotic germplasm comprising carbon tetrachloride (EDCT) mixture at 320 mg/ litre Glycine max (1), Phaseolus vulgaris (8), Pisum for 48 h at 300C under normal air pressure against insect sativum (224), Vicia faba (101), Vigna unguiculata infestation and hot water treatment (HWT) at 520C for (598) and V. unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (5) were 30 minutes for various seed-borne bacterial pathogens grown in PEQ greenhouses. Also, a total of 205 samples and nematodes and X-ray screening for hidden insect of exotic G. max germplasm grown in PEQ greenhouses infestation, pesticidal dip/ spray for vegetative propagules. at ICAR-NBPGR RS, Hyderabad were also inspected Samples infested with insects/ mites (440) were for seed-transmitted viruses. The plants showing virus- salvaged through fumigation (48), X-ray radiography like symptoms were tested by electron microscopy, (263) and mechanical cleaning (29); the rice samples reverse-transcription PCR and using specific antiserum infected with nematode (193) were salvaged by hot water against 28 seed-transmitted viruses using enzyme-linked treatment and 20 samples of Malus domestica, 23 immunosorbent assay. The harvest from only healthy samples of Phoenix dactylifera and 12 samples of plants of different accessions was released to the Persea americana were salvaged by root-dip treatment indenters. Several viruses were intercepted (Table 3.1). with 0.25% formalin for 10 min. Of the total 431 infected samples, 268 samples infected with fungi were salvaged A total of 9,309 accessions of wheat grown at Karnal; by fungicidal seed treatment and ethyl alcohol wash; 45 of corn grown at IARI, New Delhi; 80 of apple grown and a total of 163 samples (60 samples of barley due to at CITH RS, Mukteshwar; 20 of apple grown at CITH, Ustilago segetum var. hordei from Morocco, two Srinagar; 60 of Citrus grown at CCRI, Nagpur were samples of wheat from Australia due to Tilletia foetida, released after joint inspection at ICAR-NBPGR on 38 Oryza sativa samples from Brazil, 54 from China undertaking and PEQ inspection was undertaken at and three from USA due to Tilletia barclayana; one indenter’s site. Quarantine importance virus Brazilian sample of Lens culinaris from Australia due to isolate of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) not reacting to Ascochyta lentis; three samples of chilli from USA, Indian CTV or ICRV (Indian citrus ring spot virus) was one sample each of Brassica oleracea var. capitata intercepted in two accessions of citrus. The infected from Korea and tomato from Tajikistan due to Fusarium citrus plants (12) were incinerated and all other plants solani) were rejected. A total of 969 samples were found to be free from quarantine pests. Maize contaminated with weed seeds were salvaged by dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) which is known to occur mechanical cleaning. in India was detected in corn grown in isolation at IARI, New Delhi (Table 3.1). Prophylactic treatments: A total of 3,080 seed samples 3.2 Export Quarantine were subjected to fumigation and 380 vegetative propagules to pesticidal dip and spray and 18,039 samples A total of 181 samples of various crops comprising paddy of paddy were given mandatory prophylactic hot water (118), maize (20) and desiccated cotton leaves (43) were treatment at 52°C for 30 minutes. In order to prevent exported to UK, USA, China, Philippines and Singapore. the introduction of new strains of tobamoviruses through Two paddy samples were found infested by Rhizopertha seeds, all the introduced germplasm samples of chilli dominica and salvaged by EDCT fumigation while 20 (1,082), tomato (1,048) and tobacco (1) were subjected paddy samples were subjected to prophylactic treatment to prophylactic seed treatment with 10% tri-sodium with EDCT fumigation. Thirty one samples of rice found orthophosphate. infected with A. besseyi were salvaged. A total of 96 3.1.3 Post-entry quarantine: (PEQ) growing in samples were found infected with fungi and 90 samples nursery/ greenhouses and inspection at indenter’s were salvaged, remaining six samples were rejected. site The pathogens detected include Macrophomina phaseolina in Vigna mungo and Tilletia indica in International nurseries trial material of wheat (193 entries) Triticum aestivum and all were salvaged by mechanical
DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 35 Interception, identification and salvaging of root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans in rooted apple (Malus domestica) saplings imported from The Netherlands
In January 2015, during the quarantine processing, live root lesion nematode was intercepted in apple (Malus domestica) sapling roots imported from The Netherlands. The species identified as Pratylenchus penetrans, which is a polyphagous root pathogen and has been recorded on over 350 hosts mainly in temperate areas in Europe, North America, Central and South America, Africa, Asia and Australia and is an important nematode pest of apple trees. It is a major pathogen of fruit trees and conifer nurseries in many areas and causes serious losses in apple and cherry orchards. In India, it has been recorded in tea plantations, chrysanthemum, potato and almond; but not on apple tree or nursery, therefore is a quarantine pest in India. It has been reported that about 65% of apple orchards are infected with P. Infected apple saplings Microphotographs of intercepted penetrans in The Netherlands. Saplings, Pratylenchus penetrans. A-C: after examination (washing roots in tap anterior region showing stylet; D-E: water), were given root dip treatment in oesophageal region; F: mid body; G- 0.25% formaldehyde solution for 10 L: female tails; M-P: male tails minutes to eliminate root lesion nematodes. After quarantine processing, all saplings were placed in plastic pots containing steam sterilized forest soil under greenhouse condition for its post- entry quarantine growing. During post- entry quarantine inspection, all infected saplings were found free from P. penetrans. Thus, quarantine inspection played very important role in detection of a serious nematode pest and prevention of its entry into the country.
Apple saplings grown under greenhouse condi- tions in sterilized forest soil for post-entry quarantine
cleaning and fungicidal seed treatment. Two samples of 3.3 Seed Health Testing for Pest Free paddy seeds intended for export to Philippines and USA Conservation of Indigenously Collected were found contaminated with weed seeds viz., Planting Material Echinochloa colona, and Echinochloa crus-galli, respectively and both were salvaged by mechanical A total of 18,860 accessions of indigenously collected cleaning. Seven Phytosanitary Certificates were issued. seed materials from the scientists of Division of
36 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Exploration and materials multiplied under the Agro- experiments are under way. Two available antisera of biodiversity project at various centres were received and yam procured viz., Dioscoria mosaic virus and processed for pest-free conservation. A total of 360 Dioscoria latent virus will be tested against in vitro samples were found infected with fungi/ bacteria. Of conserved yam accessions. these, 70 samples were found infected visually/ under stereo-binocular microscope and 290 samples through 3.5 Supportive Research blotter test. Out of 360 samples infected with different 3.5.1 Detached non-wounded fruit inoculation pathogenic fungi, only 22 samples were rejected. A total technique for pathogenicity of Colletotrichum capsici of 70 samples accessions of indigenously collected seed on chilli: Spot inoculation of Colletotrichum capsici material and multiplied material at various centres were with 20 μl conidial suspension (3-4 conidia/ μl) in water found contaminated with 22 types of weed seeds and gelatine (2.0 %) resulted in lesion development on all these samples were salvaged by mechanical cleaning. detached non-wounded fruits of local green and red chilli The pests detected are given in Table 3.2. procured from local market. The local green chilli fruits A total 3,789 samples were exposed to X-ray radiography are more prone to infection and showed lesion area for detection of hidden infestation of bruchids and chalcids ranging from 15x10 mm2 at 4 days after inoculation and 390 samples were found infested while infestation (DAI), whereas, fruits of local red chilli cultivar showed during visual inspection was recorded in 358 samples. A only 8x5 mm2 lesion at seven DAI (Fig. 3.2). The size total 748 samples were found infested by various insect- of lesions developed on the fruits of green chilli cultivar pests. Out of total 748 infested samples, 645 were was shorter than the red chilli cultivar. The present salvaged by X-ray radiography (316), cold treatment (83) technique is suitable for virulence analysis of large and mechanically (246) while 103 samples could not be number of isolates of C. capsici with a short period and salvaged hence rejected. A total of 128 samples were could be utilized for screening of chilli genotypes for found infested with nematodes. Besides, 26 samples of disease resistance. different crops were found contaminated with eight types of weed seeds.
In addition, a total 118 samples of cryo-preserved material were tested of which 67 samples were X-rayed for detection of hidden infestation of insects. Out of these, six samples were found infested. A total of 14 accessions were found infected with various fungi and all the infected samples were salvaged before handing (a) (b) (c) over to Cryo-preservation Unit. The pests detected are given in Table 3.3.
3.4 Detection of Viruses in In Vitro Cultures of Germplasm meant for Conservation
A total of 104 samples including Allium sp. (24) and released varieties (53) meant for in vitro conservation were virus-indexed against six viruses viz. CLV, GCLV, (d) (e) (f) IYSV, LYSV, OYDV, and SLV for which commercial antisera kits were available, using DAS-ELISA. Garlic Fig 3.2. Fruits of green and red chillies (local) showing infection of Colletotrichum capsici at 4 DAI (a), 7 DAI (b) viruses detected by DAS-ELISA include GCLV (52), and 12 DAI (c), 7 DAI (d), 10 DAI (e) and 14 DAI (f) IYSV (12), LYSV (18), OYDV (14) and SLV (30). In supportive research, garlic accessions (24) were tested 3.5.2 Genetic diversity of Indian and exotic against six garlic viruses viz., CLV, GCLV, IYSV, LYSV, Alternaria padwickii isolates infecting rice: The OYDV and SLV meant for cryopreservation. Result genetic diversity of 38 isolates of Alternaria padwickii indicated that garlic accessions were infected by GCLV isolated from rice seeds belonging to different climatic (15), IYSV (6), LYSV (14) and OYDV (6) and further zones of India and exotic isolates from Philippines and
DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 37 Mexico was studied using universal rice primers (URPs) 3.5.3 Phylogenetic evaluation of Alternaria PCR. Out of 13 URPs screened, nine URPs markers padwickii pathogen infecting Oryza sativa: Thirty gave very good reproducible banding patterns. The eight isolates of A. padwickii was collected from the number of amplified products ranged from 15 to 25. Total infected rice seeds from different countries like India, number of bands was recorded 3,066 with average of Philippines and Mexico. The rDNA region from the 3’ 341. Maximum heterozygosity (Hn) was revealed by end of the 18S and the 5’ end of the 28S genes of all URP 2R (0.41) and URP 13R (0.37) and the least by isolates was amplified using PCR conditions with two URP 6F (0.31). The least similarity difference (15.7%) universal primers ITS 5 and ITS4, and the amplified PCR observed between DQAP-13 and DQAP-20 isolates product (H” 650 bp) was eluted, purified and sequenced. collected from Odisha state i.e. central zone of India. Sequence results of the Thirty eight isolates of A. URP based UPGMA analysis of all the isolates were padwickii isolates using the ITS sequence revealed 99– classified into six major clusters and sub-clusters i.e., 100 % identity among the isolates. The phylogenetic tree isolates from Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Odisha as (Fig. 3.4) showed three distinct clusters of the A. first group; New Delhi and exotic isolates from padwickii isolates but there were not many differences. Philippines and Mexico as second group, Odisha and First cluster showed the isolates collected from New Tamil Nadu isolates as third group, two isolates of New Delhi, second cluster showed exotic isolates collected Delhi and one isolates of Philippines as fourth group, from Philippines and Mexico as sub cluster, third cluster few Odisha and Philippines isolates grouped as fifth and showed isolates from Uttar Pradesh, Odisha, Haryana sixth group. In addition, single isolate from Odisha and Tamil Nadu. constitutes a separate group (Fig. 3.3a and 3.3b).
Fig 3.3. DNA profile generated by primer URP-25F, lane M – 100 bp plus marker (a); Lane 1-38 isolates of A. padwickii (b) Dendrogram based on UPGMA clustering of URP markers among thirty eight A. padwickii isolates.
38 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Fig 3.4. Phylogram generated from UPGMA method based internal transcribed spacer regions sequence data of Alternaria padwickii infecting rice.
3.5.4 Genetic diversity analysis of Colletotrichum capsici isolates infecting Capsicum annuum in Fig 3.5. DNA profile generated by primer ME1-EM2, lane India: Genetic variability was detected among 24 isolates M – 100 bp plus marker, a) Lane 1-24 isolates of C. of Colletotrichum capsici isolated from infected capsici; b) Dendrogram based on UPGMA clustering of Capsicum annuum seeds collected from different SRAP markers among twenty four C. capsici isolates climatic zones of India. Out of 15 sequences related tubulin gene fragments of all the isolates revealed amplified polymorphism (SRAP) primers screened, 8 stretches of high similarity within and among species primers gave good reproducible banding patterns. The level. The resulting dendrogram showed that the analyzed number of amplified products ranged from 10 to 23, total â-tubulin gene region possessed sufficient variability to number of bands was recorded to be 803 with an average differentiate among five Fusarium spp., resulting in a of 100.38. Maximum heterozygosity (Hn) was revealed clear, well-structured and species dependent separation by ME2-EM1 primer (0.31) and the lowest by ME1- of the isolates forming distinct branches (Fig. 3.6b). The EM3 (0.19). The highest similarity coefficient (97.3%) dendrogram revealed a good overall resolution of all was found between two isolates, DQCC-1 and DQCC- analyzed species resulting either in branches containing 2 collected from Jharkhand and the lowest similarity only isolates from one species (Fusarium solani) or coefficient (3.9%) between isolates DQCC-12 and branches grouping between less than two species viz. DQCC-22 collected from Karnataka and Maharashtra, Fusarium incarnatum - Fusarium equiseti and F. respectively (Fig. 3.5a and 3.5b). verticillioides - F. proliferatum. The present results 3.5.5 Phylogenetic analysis of Fusarium species provide important phylogenetic information of Fusarium infecting sorghum seeds: Fusarium spp. are toxigenic spp. infecting sorghum. in nature and contaminates sorghum seeds from diverse 3.5.6 Genetic diversity analysis of Ascochyta rabiei climatic regions. Phylogenetic analysis using partial â- isolates infecting chickpea using URPs : The isolates tubulin gene was performed which would be feasible of Ascochyta rabiei causing blight in chickpea originated for differential detection and subsequent molecular from different parts of northern India were analysed for identification of Fusarium spp. Initially, DNA samples their genetic diversity using universal rice primers from 35 Fusarium isolates were used for PCR (URPs). The 10 URPs gave polymorphic bands in all amplification of â-tubulin gene (H”320 bp) fragments the isolates and the size of the amplicons ranged from (Fig. 3.6a). All the samples were purified and sequenced. 0.1-2.4 kb. An average polymorphism in the isolates was Clustal X multiple sequence comparisons of the â- 61.1% but in two primers (URP13R and URP25F) 100%
DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 39 Fig 3.8. A dendrogram derived from analysis of 10 universal rice primers (URPs) for 25 Ascochyta rabiei isolates (AR1-AR25) using UPGMA. The bottom scale represents the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient. DL- Delhi, PB- Punjab, HP- Himachal Pradesh, UK- Uttarakhand, JK- Jammu and Kashmir, RJ- Rajasthan, UP- Uttar Pradesh and HR- Haryana
3.5.7 Molecular diagnosis of plant pathogenic bacteria in Colocasia esculenta tissue culture Fig 3.6. Amplification of â-tubulin gene (H”320 bp) plantlets: A 16S rDNA based PCR technique was fragment of Fusarium species infecting sorghum, a) evaluated using universal bacterial primers to detect the Lane M – 100 bp DNA marker, lane 1-14 isolates of different Fusarium spp. and NC is negative control; b) bacterial pathogen infected Colocasia esculenta tissue Phylogenetic tree of Fusarium spp. infecting sorghum culture plantlets. Six bacterial samples isolated from constructed based of â-tubulin gene sequences using infected C. esculenta tissue culture plantlets samples UPGMA were analyzed for 16S rDNA region (Fig. 3.9). Further polymorphism was obtained. The primer, URP6R amplified PCR product (H”1400 bp) were purified and showed the least polymorphism (28.6%). The primer, sequenced. BLAST results of four samples showed URP1F also provided good polymorphism (Fig. 3.7). At 100% sequence identity with Paenibacillus sp. and two 65% similarity coefficient, the isolates were grouped into samples identified as Ralstonia solanacearum. Thus, two major clusters. The first major cluster had 22 isolates 16S rDNA PCR can be used as a valuable test in routine whereas; the second major cluster had only three isolates practice for diagnosis of bacterial pathogens in quarantine laboratory.
Fig 3.7. DNA profiles generated by marker, URP1F with genomic DNA of different isolates of Ascochyta rabiei. Lanes 1- 25 corresponds to isolates AR1-AR25 and M- 1 kb DNA ladder (Fermentas) (Fig. 3.8). The URPs markers proved suitable for genetic diversity analysis of the pathogen and revealed high genetic similarity among the isolates of the pathogen. The groups generated by URP analysis did not Fig 3.9. Amplification of 16S rDNA PCR for diagnosis of correspond to the geographic origin of the isolates. In bacteria infected in Colacasia esculenta tissue culture few cases, some affinity was observed in between the plantlets. Lane M indicates 100 bp plus DNA ladder; lane isolates originated from the same state. 1-4: Paenibacillus sp.; lane 5-6: Ralstonia solancearum and lane NC: negative control
40 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 3.5.8. Development of molecular diagnostics for pests of tropical and sub-tropical fruits is being plant viruses: Reverse-transcription PCR protocol was compiled and edited on the parameters viz., scientific developed for detection of Peanut stunt virus (PSV), name of the pest/ synonym(s), order/ family, pathway not reported from India. PSV is known to affect many of introduction, host range, geographical distribution, leguminous crops and is of quarantine significance for economic losses/ physiological variation and India. phytosanitary risk.
3.5.9 Virus-indexing of bulk material imported by 3.5.11 Allelopathic effect of co-germination of DPPQS, MoA&FW: The seed sample of Ocimum aromatic plant seeds [basil (Ocimum basilicum) and basilicum imported by DPPQS from Germany were coriander (Coriandrum sativum)], on germination and grown in isolation under controlled conditions and the early growth of two intercepted weed seeds [hoary cress seedlings were tested against Pepino mosaic virus, (Cardaria draba), scentless mayweed Broad bean wilt virus and Alfalfa mosaic virus and (Tripleurospermum inodorum)] was investigated under the sample was found to be free from the viruses tested laboratory conditions. Basil and coriander reduced by EM and ELISA. germination of hoary cress from 13.8 to 27%. On the contrary, both aromatic plants had stimulatory effect on The seed sample of oat imported by PQS, Mundra, germination of scentless mayweed. Coriander decreased Gujarat from Canada were grown in isolation on paper root length of hoary cress and scentless mayweed for towel under controlled conditions and the seedlings were 17.5 and 16.5%, respectively. Shoot length of scentless tested against Pepino mosaic virus, Broad bean wilt mayweed was increased in co-germination with both virus and Alfalfa mosaic virus and the sample was aromatic plants. The obtained results demonstrated that found to be free from the viruses tested by EM and aromatic plants show allelopathic effect toward ELISA. germination, root and shoot length and fresh weight of weeds, both inhibitory and stimulatory. The allelopathic 3.5.10 Potential quarantine pests for India in effect depended on donor and target species. tropical and sub-tropical fruits: Information on
Table 3.1. Pests intercepted in the exotic germplasm during 2015
Pests Host Country Insects Bruchus ervi* Lens culinaris Lebanon Cryptolestis ferrugenius Triticum aestivum Mexico Rhizopertha dominica Oryza sativa China, Philippines, Bangladesh Zea mays Brazil, Thailand Hordeum vulgare Morocco T. aestivum Mexico Sitophilus oryzae O. sativa Philippines, Bangladesh T. aestivum Mexico Sitophilus zeamais Z. mays Thailand Sitotroga cereallela O. sativa China, Bangladesh T. aestivum Mexico Tribolium castaneum Solanum lycopersicum USA O. sativa China, Bangladesh H. vulgare Morocco Immature stages of bruchids Pisum sativum Australia Phaseolus vulgaris USA Pathogen Alternaria brassicicola Brassica spp. Korea, USA Alternaria padwicki O. sativa Philippines Alternaria radicina Capsicum annum Korea Ascochyta lentis Lens culinaris Australia Bipolaris hawaiiensis C. annum Korea Bipolaris macropus Brassica spp. The Netherlands Bipolaris oryzae O. sativa Bangladesh, Philippines C. annum USA
DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 41 Bipolaris rostrata Capsicum annuum USA Cucumis sativus Mexico Z. mays Mexico, USA Elaeis guineensis Malaysia Abelmoschus esculentus USA Triticum aestivum Mexico Bipolaris tetramera C. sativus The Netherlands C. sativa Philippines E. guineensis Malaysia Botryo cynodontis Solanum lycopersicum Guatemala Cephalosporium maydis C. annuum Korea Fusarium oxysporum A. esculentus USA Fusarium equiseti A. esculentus USA Fusarium moniliforme (=F. verticillioides) Hordeum vulgare Morocco H. vulgare Lebanon Brassica oleracea Korea Cicer arietinum Morocco C. annuum Korea C. annuum USA Gossypium hirsutum USA C. sativus Mexico, USA Lens culinaris Australia Z. mays Brazil, Mexico, Philippines, Thailand, USA E. guineensis Malaysia A. esculentus USA O. sativa Brazil, Philippines G. max USA S. lycopersicum Guatemala, The Netherlands, USA Citrullus lanatus The Netherlands Triticum aestivum Australia, Israel, Mexico Fusarium semitectum A. esculentus USA S. lycopersicum Guatemala Z. mays USA B. oleracea Korea C. sativus USA C. annuum USA Oryza sativa Philippines Linum spp. Canada Fusarium solani B. oleracea Korea C. annuum USA Leptosphaezia crassiaca B. oleracea The Netherlands Melanospora zamiae A. esculentus, USA Z. mays Nigrospora oryzae O. sativa Brazil T. aestivum Mexico Phoma sorghina S. lycopersicum Guatemala O. sativa Brazil, Philippines B. oleracea Korea Pyricularia oryzae O. sativa Philippines Sclerotinis selerotiolum B. oleracea The Netherlands Tilletia barclayana O. sativa Brazil, China, Philippines, USA Verticillium alboatrum Brassica spp. USA B. oleracea Netherlands C. annuum Korea S. lycopersicum Guatemala Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi Oryza sativa Brazil, China and Philippines Pratylenchus penetrans Malus domestica The Netherlands Helicotylenchus sp.,Tylenchorhynchus sp., Phoenix dactylifera Jordan Aphelenchus avenae
42 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Meloidogyne sp. Persea americana USA Aphelenchus avenae# Lathyrus sativus, Lens Lebanon culinaris Hordeum vulgare Morocco Viruses Alfalfa mosaic virus Vigna unguiculata Italy, Nigeria Arabis mosaic virus Glycine max♠ Costa Rica Bean common mosaic virus G. max Costa Rica V. unguiculata Italy, Nigeria Bean common mosaic necrosis virus G. max Costa Rica Broad bean stain virus* G. max Costa Rica Broad bean wilt virus G. max♠ Canada, Costa Rica Bean pod mottle virus* V. unguiculata Italy Nigeria Bean yellow mosaic virus G. max Canada Cherry leaf roll virus* G. max Costa Rica V. unguiculata Nigeria Cucumber mosaic virus G. max Canada, Costa Rica V. unguiculata Nigeria Grapevine fan leaf virus G. max♠ Canada, Costa Rica V. unguiculata♠ Nigeria Maize dwarf mosaic virus Zea mays Columbia Soybean mosaic virus G. max Canada V. unguiculata Italy, Nigeria Pea enation mosaic virus* G. max Costa Rica Peanut stunt virus* G. max Canada, Costa Rica V. unguiculata Italy, Nigeria Raspberry ringspot virus* G. max USA V. unguiculata Philippines Southern bean mosaic virus G. max♠ Costa Rica Tobacco ringspot virus G. max Costa Rica, USA Tobacco streak virus G. max Costa Rica V. unguiculata♠ Italy Tomato black ring virus G. max♠ Canada, Costa Rica Tomato ringspot virus* G. max Costa Rica V. unguiculata Italy, Nigeria Weeds Raphanus raphanistrum Lens culinaris Australia Emex australis, Malva parviflora, Nicotiana sp. Cicer arietinum Morocco Galium aparine Oryza sativa, Hordeum vulgare, Philippines, Lebanon, Uzbekistan Lathyrus sativus, L. culinaris, Coriandrum sativum G. tricornutum* H. vulgare, Lathyrus Lebanon, Uzbekistan sativus, Cucumis sativum Echinochloa crusgalli Oryza sativa Brazil, China Hordeum pusilum* L. sativus Lebanon Bifora testiculata* H. vulgare Lebanon Ipomoea plebeia* Nigella sativa Uzbekistan Cichorium intybus, C. spinosum* Trifolium alexandrinum Uzbekistan Rumex crispus C. sativum Uzbekistan Fallopia convolvulus* H. vulgare Morocco Phalaris paradoxa* H. vulgare Morocco Polygonum arenastrum* H. vulgare Morocco Convolvulus erubescens* H. vulgare Morocco Avena barbata* H. vulgare Morocco Centaurea melitensis* H. vulgare Morocco Lithospermum arvense* H. vulgare Morocco Echium plantagineum* H. vulgare Morocco * Pest not yet reported from India ♠ Pest present in India but not recorded on the host on which intercepted # Nematode intercepted from soil clods separated from seeds
DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 43 Table 3.2. Pests detected in material meant for pest free conservation Pests Host Source/ Collection site Insects Acanthoscelides obtectus Phaseolus vulgaris HP Bruchus lentis Lens culinaris Rajasthan, New Delhi B. pisorum Pisum sativum HP, Rajasthan Callosobruchus cajanus Cajanus cajan AP, Bihar, Gujarat C. chinensis C. cajan Odisha L. culinaris UP V. unguiculata UK, Telengana Cicer arietinum Maharashtra V. radiata Telengana C. maculatus V. mungo Tripura C. phaseoli V. unguiculata J&K C. theobromae C. cajan New Delhi Chalcids Trigonella foenum-graecum Rajasthan Cryptolestes ferrugenius Triticum aestivum New Delhi Immature stages of bruchid L. culinaris, P. sativum UP, Delhi, UK C. cajan, V. radiata Telengana, New Delhi, Maharashtra P. sativum, P. vulgaris HP Macrotyloma uniflorum, C. Kerala, Chattisgarh, Odisha cajan, V. unguiculata V. mungo New Delhi Gossypium hirsutum Maharashtra C. arietinum Maharashtra Abelmoschus esculentus Punjab, Maharashtra Lasioderma serricorne Trigonella foenum-graecum Rajasthan Oryzaephilus surinamensis Avena sativa UP Pectinophora gossypiella G. hirsutum Punjab, Maharashtra Rhizopertha dominica O. sativa Orissa, TN, AP, Tripura Zea mays Telengana, New Delhi C. arietinum New Delhi Hordeum vulgare UK, Haryana T. aestivum UK, New Delhi, MP Sitophilus oryzae O. sativa UP, New Delhi, Karnataka, Tripura Z. mays TN, New Delhi T. aestivum MP S. zeamais Z. mays Mizoram, Telengana, New Delhi Sitotroga cereallela Z. mays New Delhi O. sativa WB, Assam, Telengana, Karnataka, Maharashtra, UP, MP, Meghalaya, CG, AP, UK, New Delhi, Tripura, Odisha A. sativa Haryana, UP Pennisetum glaucum Maharashtra Sorghum vulgare Maharashtra, Punjab T. aestivum MP Spermophagus albofasciatus Hibiscus sabdariffa Orissa A. esculentus New Delhi Stegobium paniceum C. sativum J& K Capsicum annum Telengana Tribolium castanium O. sativa AP A. sativa TN Helianthus annuus Maharashtra Z. mays New Delhi, Telengana A. esculentus New Delhi T. foenum-graecum Rajasthan T. aestivum MP Papaver somniferum MP
44 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Pathogens Alternaria brassicicola Brassica juncea Rajasthan Papaver somniferum MP Acremonium strictum Sesamum malabaricum Odisha Alternaria longissima Linum usitatissimum Telangana A. padwickii Oryza sativa Odisha A. radicina Ricinus communis Rajasthan Bipolaris bicolor Luffa aegyptiaca Delhi Sorghum bicolor Telangana B. cynodontis Eleusine coracana AP B. halodes Avena sativa UP E. coracana AP B. longirostrata S. bicolor Delhi B. oryzae Benincasa hispida Delhi E. coracana Odisha O. sativa Bihar, CG, Delhi, HP, Meghalaya, Odisha, TN, UK,UP, Telangana, WB Sinapis arvensis Haryana S. bicolor Telangana B. rostrata A. sativa HP E. coracana AP Elymus nutans Delhi Nicotiana rustica L. Gujarat O. sativa Maharashtra, Telangana, WB Pennisetum glaucum Rajasthan Setaria italica HP S. bicolor Punjab, Telangana Trigonella foenum-graecum Rajasthan Vigna mungo Delhi B. semitectum Triticum aestivum Maharashtra B. sorghicola S. bicolor Telangana B. sorokiniana E. coracana Delhi Hordeum vulgare UP Medicago sativa J&K Setaria italica Telangana Solanum melongena Gujarat T. aestivum Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Maharashtra, UK, UP B. spicifera S. bicolor Telangana B. tetramera Abelmoschus esculentus Telangana Linum usitatissimum Telangana P. glaucum Rajasthan Botryodiplodia theobromae Corchorus capsularis Maharashtra Decalepis hamiltonii Kerala Lens culinaris UP Phaseolus vulgaris Haryana Cercospora kikichi Glycine max Maharashtra Colletotrichum capsici Capsicum annuum Delhi, HP, Karnataka, Telangana, UK C. lindemuthianum G. max Maharashtra C. gloeosporioides C. capsularis Delhi Leucaena leucocephala A&N Islands Corynespora cassicola G. max Maharashtra Fusarium dimerum O. sativa Meghalaya F. equiseti Vigna radiata Maharashtra F. oxysporum Cajanus cajanifolius Delhi Helianthus annuus Maharashtra Hibiscus sabdariffa WB Medicago sativa J&K P. glaucum Rajasthan S. bicolor Telangana
DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 45 T. aestivum Haryana Vigna mungo Delhi F. semitectum Cajanus cajan Gujarat G. max Uttarakhand Lens culinaris UP S. bicolor Telangana V. mungo Maharashtra F. solani C. cajan Gujarat, Maharashtra E. coracana Odisha G. max Karnataka L. culinaris UP Solanum melongena TN S. bicolor Telangana F. verticillioides Benincasa hispida Delhi C. cajan CG, Gujarat, Maharashtra Capsicum annuum HP,Telangana, UK Cenchrus ciliaris Rajasthan Corchorus capsularis Maharashtra E. coracana AP, Odisha G. max Karnataka, UK Gossypium hirsutum Haryana, Punjab Helianthus annuus Maharashtra Lathyrus sativus Delhi Luffa aegyptiaca Delhi Macrotyloma uniflorum CG Nigella sativa Rajasthan Oryza sativa Odisha, Telangana, UP, WB P. glaucum Rajasthan Phaseolus vulgaris Haryana Pisum sativum Delhi, HP Solanum melongena Kerala, Maharashtra S. bicolor Delhi, Telangana Trigonella foenum-graecum Rajasthan Triticum aestivum Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Maharashtra, Rajasthan Telangana V. mungo Delhi, Odisha, Tripura V. radiata Telangana Zea mays Delhi MH, Mizoram, Telangana Gloecercospora sorghi S. bicolor Telangana Macrophomina phaseolina L. aegyptiaca Delhi Trichosanthes anguina Delhi V. mungo Delhi Myrothecium roridum T. aestivum Rajasthan M. verrucaria Carica papaya Maharashtra Trichosanthes anguina Delhi V. mungo Delhi, Tripura Nigrospora oryzae O. sativa Maharashtra, WB Phoma sorghina A. sativa UP B. hispida Delhi, Kerala C. cajanifolius Delhi Cucumis sativus Maharashtra Decalepis hamiltonii Kerala Echinocystis lobata Meghalaya E. coracana Odisha Linum usitatissimum Odisha L. aegyptiaca Delhi O. sativa Maharashtra, Odisha, Kerala Puccinia helianthi H. annuus Maharashtra Pyrenochaeta oryzae O. sativa Odisha B. hispida Delhi O. sativa Odisha Rhizoctonia solani O. sativa Maharashtra
46 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Scleractinia sclerotiorum O. sativa Maharashtra Tillatia barclayana O. sativa Delhi, Odisha Ustilaginoidea virens O. sativa AP, Maharashtra, Odisha U. eleusinis E. coracana Delhi Verticillium albo-atrum L. culinaris UP Solanum melongena Kerala P. sativum HP Ricinus communis Rajasthan Nematodes Aphelenchoides besseyi O. sativa AP, Bihar, CG, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Jharkhand, MP, Maharashtra, Odisha, Telangana, TN, Tripura, UK, WB Aphelenchus avenae Makhan malai grass*, Trigonella J&K, Rajasthan foenum-graecum ** Weeds Phalaris minor Triticum aestivum, B. juncea, Rajasthan, UK, UP Avena sativa Vicia sativa T. aestivum, B. juncea Rajasthan, UK Lathyrus aphaca T. aestivum, Lens culinaris Rajasthan, UP Echinichloa colona Oryza sativa, Panicum sp., Jharkhand, Odisha, Kerala, Eleusine coracana New Delhi Echinichloa crus-galli Sorghum bicolor, O. sativa, Telangana, Jharkhand, Odisha, Panicum sp, E. coracana, Withania Kerala, UK, New Delhi somnifera Sorghum halepense S. bicolor Telangana, Kerala, Punjab Vicia hirsuta S. bicolor, T. aestivum Telangana, Rajasthan Dactyloctenum aegyptium S. bicolor, O. sativa Telangana, Jharkhand Tribulus terristris Cajanus cajan Gujarat Avena fatua A. sativa UP A. ludoviciana A. sativa UP Rumex crispus A. sativa UP Medicago denticulata A. sativa UP Melilotus indica B. juncea, Hordeum vulgare Rajasthan, UK Emex australis B. tournefortii New Delhi Lolium perenne T. aestivum UK M. alba H. vulgare UK Chenopodium album H. vulgare UK Polygonum aviculare E. coracana New Delhi Malva parviflora E. coracana New Delhi Lathyrus sativus Cajanus cajan AP Hibiscus canabinus Linum usitatisimum CG
(*From plant debris/soil clods; **from soil clods)
3.6 Externally Funded Projects COT102 x MON88913) imparting insect resistance & herbicide tolerance and blind samples for proficiency 3.6.1 National Containment/ Quarantine Facility for testing in G. hirsutum; MON00810 x MON00603, transgenic planting material (DBT): With the TC1507 x NK603 and staked events with cry1A.88, approval of RCGM 641 samples of imported transgenic Vip3Aa20 and cry 2A.127 imparting insect resistance planting material comprising Arabidopsis, Cassava, & herbicide tolerance in Z. mays. Eucalyptus, Glycine max, Gossypium hirsutum and Zea mays were processed. The transgenes present in Seeds of transgenic material were subjected to various these crops included 35S-SMR5, T-DNA insertion lines tests in containment for detection of insects, mites, in A. thaliana; dsRNA & Gus gene in Cassava; Npt II, nematodes, bacteria, fungi, viruses and weeds. Important cel1 & CBD as selectable marker in Eucalyptus; pests intercepted included, fungus Fusarium poae from HaHB4 gene in G. max; BG-II RRF (MON15985 & USA in G. hirsutum, F. moniliforme from USA in Z.
DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 47 mays. All infected samples of G. hirsutm (2) and Z. mays with their target pest stages viz., egg, early larva, middle (6) were salvaged by giving fungicidal treatment with larva, late larva and pupa. bavistin and thiram. Five seeds each from a total of 199 imported samples comprises of transgenic G. hirsutum Seeds of urdbean uninfested and infested with different (10) imported from USA for Monsanto India Ltd. New developmental stages (egg, early larva, late larva, pupa) Delhi; O. sativa (179) were grown in the containment and adults of pulse beetle C. maculatus were irradiated facility for ~ 45 days for detection of seed-transmitted with different doses of gamma rays viz., 25, 50, 100, pathogens not detectable in the laboratory tests. On the 200, 400, 600 and 800 Gy using Cobalt-60 Gamma basis of observations at regular intervals suspected leaf/ irradiation facility at Food Technology Division, Bhabha soil samples were tested in the laboratory for the Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai. Treatment presence of various pests. Thereafter, the plants were efficacy parameters for adults infesting seed as days to uprooted and disposed of as per biosafety guidelines in mortality, longevity, fecundity of survivors and F1 progeny the presence of Institute Biosafety Committee (IBSC) and for developmental stages infesting seed as rate of members. adult emergence and number of adults emerged were studied. The mean percent adult emergence from All the imported transgenic lines were tested to ensure gamma irradiated seeds infested with different stages the absence of embryogenesis deactivator gene by PCR of C. maculatus egg, early larva, mid larva, late larva with primers specific to the cre-lox system. Plasmid and pupa were reduced significantly even at the lowest cloned with cre sequence was used as positive control. dose of 50 Gy. Egg stage was the most susceptible while In PCR amplification of cre sequence, the amplicon of pupal stage was the hardiest. Uninfested irradiated seeds 1031 bp size was amplified only in positive plasmid of urdbean tested for physiological parameters viz., seed sample while, no amplicon of corresponding size was germination, shoot length, root length, seedling vigour observed in any of these transgenic samples ensuring and vigour index revealed that germination was not the absence of embryogenesis deactivator gene. affected by the gamma irradiation doses up to 200 Gy. Almost similar trend was observed for seedling vigour Two post-entry quarantine inspections were undertaken and vigour index. Seed leachate conductivity, a reliable viz. G .hirsutum (1) from USA grown at Monsanto India, indicator of seed quality deterioration did not exhibit Medak District A.P; Zea mays (1) from USA grown at significant differences between control and treated seeds Pioneer Overseas Corp., Hyderabad. The crops were at different doses of gama irradiation. Similarly, visually inspected for symptoms of pests/ diseases. dehydrogenase enzyme activity as well as lipid Suspected infected leaf and soil samples were tested at peroxidation values did not show any definite relationship NBPGR. These were found to be free from exotic fungi, with the germination potential of the seeds. bacteria, nematodes and insect pests. 3.6.3 Race profiling and diversity analysis of Maize leaves showing virus-like symptoms during Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis causing lentil wilt growing in containment facility and PEQ inspection were in India (DST): Analysis of the results revealed tested against five viruses using ELISA. The results substantial morphological variability among 235 isolates revealed the presence of Barley stripe mosaic of F. oxysporum f. sp. lentis collected from eight states virus (BSMV), High plains virus (HPV), Maize namely, MP, UP, Bihar, Jharkhand, CG, Rajasthan, Delhi chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV), Maize dwarf mosaic and Gujarat. Based on the growth rate, the isolates were virus (MDMV) from the Philippines and Wheat streak grouped into slow (47 isolates), medium (118 isolates) mosaic virus (WSMV) from. BSMV, MCMV and and fast (70 isolates) growing categories. The average WSMV are not known to occur in India, hence, these size of macroconidia varied from 3.0 - 77.5 μm x 1.3 - are quarantine pests for India. 8.8 μm with 1 to 8 septa/ conidium and the microconidia μ 3.6.2 Efficacy of electron beam irradiation of seeds from 1.8 - 22.5 x 0.8 - 8 m. Considering the as a phytosanitary treatment against pulse beetles morphological parameters, the isolates wee categorized (BRNS, DAE): The cultures of test insect pests viz., into 12 groups. The virulence analysis of 70 Callosobruchus chinensis and C. maculatus were representative isolates of the pathogen on 10 newly raised on urdbean under the controlled conditions of constituted differential cultivars namely, PL406, L4076, temperature (28 ± 1oC) and relative humidity (60 ± 5%). NDL1, DPL15, L4147, Vipasa, Sehore74-3, LC284- The seeds of different legumes were artificially infested 1206/12, JL3, and Vidhohar local, grouped the isolates
48 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 into seven races and differential cultivars for each race 3.6.4 Strengthening capacities of enforcement were identified. agencies (plant quarantine and customs officials) for transboundary movement of LMOs under Further, the genetic diversity analysis using RAPD and UNEP-GEF supported phase II project on capacity URP primers showed high level of variability among the building on biosafety (UNEP-GEF being implemented 70 representative isolates of the pathogen. At 25 % by MoEF & CC): Four training workshops each of two genetic similarity the isolates were grouped into 8 to 9 days duration for the Customs Officials were organized clusters and the majority of the clusters had the isolates at NACEN, Faridabad (October 26-27, 2015); Regional from different states representing various races. The Training Institute (RTI), NACEN, Chennai (November sub-clusters were partially corresponding to the race/ 16-17, 2015); RTI, NACEN, Mumbai (November 19- area of origin of the isolates. The gene specific primers 20, 2015) and RTI, NACEN, Kolkata (November 26- ITS and TEF1-á provided an amplicon size of ~550 bp 27, 2015). Two training workshops each of three days and ~750 bp, respectively for all the 70 Fol isolates. The duration for the Plant Quarantine Officials were amplicons are being sequenced for phylogenetic organized on December 8-10, 2015 and December 16- analysis. 18, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi.
Research Programme (Code: Title, Leader) PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01: Quarantine processing of plant germplasm under exchange and supportive research (SC Dubey) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, Co PIs and Associates) PGR/PQR- BUR-DEL-01.01 Detection and identification of fungi and bacteria in quarantine and supportive research (Baleshwar Singh, SC Dubey, J Akhtar, A Kandan, Pardeep Kumar and Ashok Kumar Maurya) PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.02: Detection and identification of viruses in quarantine and supportive research. (V Celia Chalam, DB Parakh and Ashok Kumar Maurya) PGR/PQR- BUR-DEL-01.03: Detection and identification of insect and mite pests in quarantine and supportive research (Kavita Gupta, Shashi Bhalla, SP Singh and DS Meena) PGR/PQR- BUR-DEL-01.04: Detection and identification of nematode pests in quarantine and supportive research (Z Khan and Bharat H Gawade) PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.05: Detection and identification of weeds intercepted in quarantine and supportive research (MC Singh, Madhubala Priyadarshi and DS Meena) PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.06: Quarantine treatments for disinfestation/ disinfection of germplasm under exchange against different pests and supportive research (SP Singh, Baleshwar Singh, Shashi Bhalla, Kavita Gupta, J Akhtar, A Kandan, Bharat H Gawade, Ashok Kumar Maurya and DS Meena) PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.07: Quarantine processing of imported transgenic germplasm and supportive research (Shashi Bhalla, Baleshwar Singh, V Celia Chalam, Z Khan, Ashok Kumar Maurya and DS Meena) PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.08: Seed-health testing for conservation of indigenous germplasm free from pests (J Akhtar, SC Dubey, Baleshwar Singh, Shashi Bhalla, DB Parakh, V Celia Chalam, Kavita Gupta, MC Singh, SP Singh, Z Khan, A Kandan, Bharat H Gawade, Pardeep Kumar, Veena Gupta, Sushil Pandey, Ashok Kumar Maurya, DS Meena and Smita Lenka Jain). PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.09: Detection of viruses in in vitro cultures of germplasm meant for conservation (DB Parakh V Celia Chalam, Sandhya Gupta, and Ashok Kumar Maurya) PGR/PQR-BUR-DEL-01.10: Molecular based detection, identification and characterization of fungi and bacteria infecting plant genetic resources in quarantine (A Kandan, SC Dubey, J Akhtar, Bharat H Gawade and Pardeep Kumar). Externally Funded Projects • National containment/ quarantine facility for transgenic planting material (DBT) Component A (Shashi Bhalla, Baleshwar Singh, V Celia Chalam, Kavita Gupta, Z Khan and A Kandan) • Exploiting potential of electron beam irradiation as phytosanitary treatment against pulse beetles in seeds of selected grain legumes (BRNS, DAE) (Shashi Bhalla, Kalyani Srinivasan and TV Prasad) • Race profiling and diversity analysis of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis causing lentil wilt in India (DST) (SC Dubey and J Akhtar) • Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agencies (Plant Quarantine and Customs Officials) under UNEP-GEF supported Phase-II Capacity Building Project on Biosafety (Shashi Bhalla, V Celia Chalam)
DIVISION OF PLANT QUARANTINE 49 DIVISION OF GERMPLASM EVALUATION 4
Summary: During the period, 9,473 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops were grown at New Delhi for characteriza- tion, evaluation, regeneration and multiplication. Under biotic stresses, okra (725 accessions), black gram (327 acces- sions) and brinjal (504 accessions) were raised for preliminary screening. Ninety accessions comprising of rapeseed- mustard (18), tomato (54) and brinjal (18) were evaluated under advanced screening against major biotic stresses. In addition, 916 accessions of various crops were evaluated for their host status to root-knot nematode under pot culture. Under abiotic stresses, 107 accessions comprising of wheat (36), maize (32) and chickpea (39) were evaluated for drought tolerance. Under biochemical evaluation, 1,803 accessions of different crops namely rapeseed-mustard (1,225), linseed (200), wheat (200), maize (38), chickpea (734) and chinopods (10) were analyzed for quality parameters. Under phyto- chemical evaluation, 83 samples of different medicinal and aromatic plants were analyzed for their active compounds. A reference set of 348 wheat accessions for terminal heat tolerance has been grown under late sown conditions for identifi- cation of donors under NICRA project. Under CRP on Agro-biodiversity component- II, a total of 5,964 accessions comprising of rice (1,000), wheat (1,483), finger millet (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (736) and okra (745), were evaluated at AICRP centres/hotspots for agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses. Two germplasm Field Days on Rabi oilseeds, pulses and potential crops and wheat and barley were organized to facilitate germplasm utilization. A total of 2,014 acces- sions of various crops were supplied to 56 indenters for their use in crop improvement and 5,480 accessions comprising of wheat (1,485), rice (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (250), okra (745) and finger millet (1,000) were supplied to various cooperating centres for detailed evaluation under CRP.
4.1 Germplasm Evaluation
4.1.1 Characterization and preliminary evaluation for agro-morphological traits: A total of 9,473 accessions comprising wheat (5,192), barley (256), maize (473), cowpea (845), lentil (745), rapeseed- mustard (1,045), linseed (210), brinjal (251), tomato (53), vegetable faba bean (61), faba bean (50), grain amaranth (50), small millets (170), Ocimum (30) and Andrographis (42) were characterized for agro-morphological traits and promising accessions have been identified Fig 4.1. Accessions characterized and evaluated in (Table 4.1). various crop groups
Table 4.1. Promising accessions in different crops for various important traits
Crop Characters Promising accessions Triticum aestivum Days to heading (< 78) IC138522, IC532014, IC253012, EC534511 Spike length (> 20 cm) IC539315, IC539316 Grains per panicle (> 85) EC575907, IC402013, IC542490 T. durum Days to heading (< 72) EC577799, IC53552 , IC128382 Spike length (> 12.5 cm) IC401978, IC335782, IC416408 Grains per panicle (> 70) IC335620, EC299083, IC28528 T. dicoccum Days to heading (< 82) EC11071, IC335942 IC359682, IC335933 Spike length (> 13.8 cm) EC464003 Grains per panicle (> 60) IC535118, EC464003 Barley No grains/spike (> 70) IC0036969, IC0041576, EC0481700 100 seed wt. (> 8.0g) IC0148377, EC0450887, IC0041585, Canopy temperature (grain IC0268106, IC0268116, IC0268107, IC0041584, development stage) (< 20°C) IC0041585, IC0036955 CCI (grain development stage) (> 40) IC0041581, IC0148378
50 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Maize Early maturing (< 80 days) IC280460, IC447806, IC447810, IC447811 Late maturing (> 100 days) EC639149, EC632030, IC325856 Dual types IC331118, IC280165, IC337024, IC525854 Brassica juncea Plant height (< 152 cm) EC347854, IC76642, EC199744 No. of silique on main branch (> 80) EC247855, EC347857, EC333564 Siliqua length (> 5 cm) EC199744 Seeds/siliqua (> 18) EC199744, IC38894, EC206754, IC73221, IC73232, IC73233, EC206724 High nitrogen use efficiency IC267693, IC275106, IC277700, IC296501, IC3396605, IC339671, IC338494, IC571625 Yellow sarson Plant height (< 90 cm) IC20167, IC22971 Early flowering (< 30 days) IC19222, IC20163, IC22972, IC37368 Siliqua length (> 5 cm) EC333597, IC22971, IC37368, IC73237 Seed/siliqua (> 25) EC333597, EC204233, IC73185, IC73237 Toria Plant height (< 75 cm) IC19950, IC19231 Seeds/siliqua (> 20) IC76685, IC76686 Days to maturity (< 66 days) IC23004, IC23094 Linseed Plant height (dwarf) (< 50 cm) EC718848, IC53266, IC305053, IC96496 No of primary branches (> 20) IC56363, EC1403 Large corolla size (> 20 mm) EC41528, IC305053, EC718851 Lentil Days to flowering (< 69) IC560117, IC560331, IC560332 Maturity (< 117 days) IC560131, IC560036, IC560117, IC560176 Cluster/plant (> 28) IC560182, IC560181, IC559744 Cowpea Early flowering (< 50 days) EC723666, EC723684, EC723690 Early maturity (< 87 days) EC724381, EC723746, EC723797 Erect habit (< 66 cm) EC723894, EC724381 Brinjal Days to 50 % flowering (< 41) EC136509, IC098712, IC136273, EC136200 No. of primary branches (> 16) IC136142, IC136132 Per cent fruit borer infestation IC136380, IC008983-A, IC110949, IC089955 (by number) (< 1.14) Tomato Days to 50% flowering (< 47) EC608395, EC608381, EC686704 No. of fruit/cluster (> 6) EC686547, EC654725, EC631962 Pericarp thickness (> 5.4 mm) EC611088 TSS (> 8%) EC631962, EC686554, EC686547 Per cent fruit borer infestation EC654725, EC631962, EC686554, IC469700 (by number) (> 15) Faba bean Plant height (> 106 cm) EC628921, ET3131, ET3103, ET4108 (vegetable) Days to 50% flowering (< 55) EC628941 No. of flower in raceme (> 7) ET 4103, ET5106, EC628966, EC628927 Pod length (> 8.5 cm) ET3103, EC628642, ET2107, ET4108 Pod width (> 14.5 mm) ET2107, ET4107, EC628955, EC628957
In vegetable crops, germplasm with unique traits such broom type silique arrangement (IC355410), erect plant as IC550776 having segmented leaf in sponge gourd (Fig type (IC571661), creamish flower colour (IC337391, 4.2), IC567390 having furrowed fruit (Fig 4.3) and IC491648, IC399840), pigmented silique (IC401578) and IC539701 having segmented leaf (Fig 4.4) in bottle gourd appressed type silique (IC312541, IC385632) in Brassica have been validated for third year. In rapeseed-mustard germplasm were observed under CRP programme during some of the unique traits like smooth stem (IC491410), 2014-15 at different locations.
DIVISION OF GERMPLASM EVALUATION 51 Fig 4.2. Bottlegourd (IC539701 with Fig 4.3. Sponge gourd (IC550776 with Fig 4.4. Sponge gourd (IC567390 with segmented leaf characters) segmented leaf characters) furrowed fruit)
4.1.2 Screening of germplasm of various crops for were evaluated for their host status to root-knot resistance against biotic stresses: In preliminary nematode (RKN), i.e. Meloidogyne incognita under screening 725 accessions of okra against yellow vein pot culture. Host suitability was determined and mosaic virus (YVMV), 504 accessions of brinjal against observation were recorded using 1-9 root gall rating fruit and shoot borer (FSB) and 327 accessions of scale, where 1= no gall (highly resistant); 3=1-10 root urdbean against Mungbean yellow mosaic (MYMV) galls per root system (resistant); 5= 11-25 root galls and Urdbean leaf crinkle virus (ULCV) were (moderately resistant); 7= 26-100 root galls (susceptible); evaluated under field conditions. In advanced screening 9= >100 root galls (highly susceptible). Based on two a total of 90 accessions comprising rapeseed-mustard years data, three accessions of lentil, two accessions (18), tomato (54) and brinjal (18) were evaluated against each of cowpea and black gram, and one accession each major insect pests and promising accessions were of green gram and brinjal were found resistant. However, identified (Table 4.2). In addition, 916 accessions of none of the okra accession was found as resistant against various crops viz., lentil (284 accessions), cowpea (139 M. incognita. The list of resistant accessions is given accessions), black gram (174 accessions) green gram in Table 4.2. (186 accessions), brinjal (75) and okra (58 accessions)
Table 4.2. Evaluation of different crop germplasm for biotic stresses
Crop (accessions) Pests* Promising accessions Check (values) Preliminary screening Okra YVMV EC169380, EC169430, EC169474, EC305654, Pusa Sawani (severity IC033087 (Severity grade < 1) grade = 4 ) Brinjal core set (181) FSB IC099691, IC090981, IC354564, EC305048, Pusa Bindu (57.10%) (< 10% infestation) Brinjal (323) FSB IC089856, IC089955, EC136200, EC304548, Pusa Uttam (38.1%) EC484650 (< 10% infestation) Black gram (327) MYMV & IC530602, IC393551, IC393544, IC519912, Barabanki local ULCV tolerant IC393554 Advanced screening Tomato (54) FB EC31959, IC469700, EC654725 Arka Meghali (40.08%) (< 10% infestation) Rapeseed-mustard (18) Aphid IC570302, IC330543, IC571671 (< 50 mean no. Laxmi (154.75 mean no. of aphids/ top 10 cm inflorescence) of aphids) Brinjal (18) 2rd year FSB IC112814, EC090811 and EC305048 (< 10%) Pusa Sadabahar (53.31%) Lentil (284) RKN EC255504, EC267689, IC282863 (< 10 galls/ - root system) Cowpea (139) RKN IC253277, EC528391(< 10 galls/ root system) - Black gram (174) RKN IC8262, KV1377 (< 10 galls/ root system) - Green gram (186) RKN IC212049 (< 10 galls/ root system) - *YVMV= Yellow vein mosaic virus, FSB = Fruit and shoot borer, FB = Fruit borer, RKN = Root-knot nematode, MYMV= Mungbean yellow mosaic virus, ULCV = Urdbean leaf crinkle virus
52 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Fig 4.5. Host reaction (gall formation) in susceptible and Fig 4.6. Host reaction (gall formation) in susceptible and resistance accessions of lentil resistance accessions of black gram
4.1.3 Evaluation for abiotic stress stress conditions with two level of nitrogen under controlled conditions (rainout shelter).Under drought 4.1.3.1 Wheat: Under NICRA project, a reference set condition with adequate level of nitrogen, six accessions of 348 wheat accessions was identified as tolerant/ IC445484, IC416055, IC111757, IC416164, IC566223 moderately tolerant according to Heat Susceptibility and IC28934 were superior on the basis of normalized Index (HSI) values for yield component traits. This differentiation vegetation index (NDVI) and chlorophyll reference set was grown under late sown conditions content index (CCI) and accessions IC117812 and during rabi 2014-15 and donors were identified against IC531938 for early heading and grain filling period. terminal heat tolerance based on different component traits associated with heat tolerance such as 1000 grain 4.1.3.2 Maize: A set of 32 maize accessions was weight (IC138428, IC534941, IC252725 and IC252816 screened for drought tolerance at early vegetative growth etc.); normalized differentiation vegetation index (NDVI) stage. On the basis of root dry weight (> 1.02 g), relative ( IC111901, IC542541), harvest index (IC138428, water content, chlorophyll fluorescence (> 0.69), IC401976 etc.), earliness (IC252725, IC252816, chlorophyll content index (> 20.6), proline content (> IC335712, IC536081) etc. 35.6 μM g-1 fresh weight) and survival under stress condition, accessions IC326887, IC327004, IC333085, Wheat germplasm (36 accessions) was evaluated using IC553253, IC553429, EC639149, EC 639189, EC639290 more than 25 morpho-physiological traits under rainout and IC594388 performed superior as compared to checks shelter for second year for drought tolerance and HPQM-1, Pusa Composite-3 and Bio-9637 under validation of promising accessions from previous year drought stress. (2013-14) was continued. Accessions IC252616 and IC128641 were found to exhibit tolerance in terms of 4.1.3.3 Chickpea: A total of 39 wild chickpea water retention parameters such as relative water accessions belonging to five species C. reticulatum (8), content, excised leaf water loss, cooler canopies and C. judaicum (18), C. pinnatifidum (11), C. better membrane stability. Accession IC28923 (CCI, Chl. echinospermum (1), C. yamashitae (1) were evaluated Fluorescence (Fv/Fm), yield/plant, effective tillers/plant) against drought tolerance under controlled condition with and IC36882, IC145527 reported earliness and leaf resistant check ICC 4958 and susceptible check BG rolling. Accessions IC145527, IC36882, IC28923 and 1052. The superior accessions were recorded for traits IC252616 were found promising for drought tolerance such as early maturity (ILWC 36), seed size (ILWC 46, and can be used in wheat breeding programme for ILWC 216, ILWC 219, ILWC 233, ILWC 237), pods improving the yield potential under water scarcity. per plant (ILWC46, ILWC20), canopy temperature and NDVI (ILWC237, ILWC45, ILWC273, ILWC246 and A total of 16 wheat accessions were evaluated for 21 ILWC214) etc. morpho-physiological traits under irrigated and moisture
DIVISION OF GERMPLASM EVALUATION 53 4.1.4 Biochemical evaluation
4.1.4.1 Wheat: A total of 200 accessions were analyzed for hectoliter weight, sedimentation value and gluten content. The range and value rich accessions are listed in Table 4.3.
Table 4.3. Quality characteristics of wheat germplasm
Parameter Range Average Value rich accessions Test weight/Hectolitre 60-85 78.52 EC576930 (85), IC464099 (84), IC416098 (84), IC559137 (84), weight (kg/hl) IC559902 (84), EC534558 (84), IC416067 (84), Sedimentation value 31-68 46.22 IC401988 (68), IC539323 (64), IC335789 (62), IC252794 (60), IC536118 (59), IC564154A (59), IC449061 (59) Gluten content (%) 15.5-47.8 35.29 IC309879 (15.5)
4.1.4.2 Maize: The value rich accessions identified last year were grown in field and were analyzed for fatty acids. Accessions IC251303 (50.13%), EC444523 (49.45%), IC411287 (48.39%) and IC411285 (47.29%) were found promising for linoleic acid; EC477374 (46.36%) and IC405283 (45.66%) for oleic acid; and EC477374 (46.36 and 39.16%), IC405283 (45.66 and 38.09%) and EC477357 (38.40 and 40.91%) for oleic as well as linoleic acids.
4.1.4.3 Chickpea: A total of 734 accessions of chickpea were analyzed for different biochemical traits (Table 4.4) and 100 accessions of chickpea were selected based on NIRS prediction model for trait specific evaluation and validation of prediction results.
Table 4.4. Biochemical traits of chickpea
Trait Range Superior accessions Ash % 2.96-5.11 IC83572, IC83373, IC83572, IC83350, IC76621 Fat % (> 6) 1.73-8.75 IC83819, EC498767, EC528353 A, IC95055, Protein % (> 26 ) 14.1-30.2 IC116373, IC83860, IC116380, IC83721, EC220006 Dietary fiber % (> 30) 18.3-41.7 IC83849, IC83387, IC83711, IC83908, IC83370 Sugar % (> 6) 4.12-7.39 EC490039, EC223020, EC223519, EC498765 Starch % (> 40) 27.2-46.5 EC490013, IC83583, EC490039, EC223519, IC83911, Phytate % 0.28-2.30 (< 0.5) EC489936, EC220104, EC490042, EC267754; (> 2.0) IC83455, IC116356 Saponin mg/100g 14.1-276 (< 20) EC267504, EC267293, EC223011, EC223130, EC220104, EC223133, EC267265, EC267484;(> 200) IC95096, IC95095, IC84017, IC116338, IC116356
4.1.4.4 Rapeseed-mustard: In rapeseed-mustard, 561 accessions were analyzed for oil content (Table 4.5) and 214 accessions for fatty acid profile. The details are summarized in Table 4.5 which include value rich accessions from different rapeseed-mustard species. Total glucosinolate content in 450 accessions of Brassica were also analyzed and EC766592, EC766207, EC766597, EC766598, EC766265, EC766178, EC766173, EC766320, EC766296, EC766270, EC766271, EC766136 and IC560726 were found with glucosinolate content less than 30 µ moles/gm defatted seed meal. Further, EC657049, IC262107 and IC405232 had low glucosinolate content continuously for the second year.
Table 4.5. Oil content along with value rich accessions of rapeseed-mustard
Species/accessions Range Check value Value rich accessions B. juncea (238) 30.03-43.2 Rajat (40.2%) IC122157 (43.2), IC121694 (42.22), IC121669 (42.22) B. rapa var. brown 32.78-44.04 BSH-1 (39%) IC23024 (44.04), IC122457 (43.75), EC333596 (42.67), EC386747 sarson (178) (42.65), EC223406 (42.44), IC122534 (42.38), IC122455 (42.38), IC122600 (42.21), IC122599 (42.08) B. rapa var. toria (132) 27.93-44.02 Bhawani (39%) IC23026 (44.02), IC23019 (43.99), IC22990 (43.52), IC122561 (43.44), IC23103 (43.12), IC20162 (43.86), IC20163 (43.36) B. napus (6) 36.92-40.36 Neelam (38.9) EC302488 (40.36), EC386740 (40.21)
54 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Table 4.6. Fatty acid content in rapeseed-mustard accessions Fatty acids Range Mean Value rich accessions Oleic acid 8.34-48.13 15.02 IC279074 (48.13), EC338994 (40.16), EC338995 (39.91), IC399678 (26.2), IC313380 (21.56), IC280042 (20.28), EC732035 (20.30), IC399881 (19.45), IC332762 (19.12) Linoleic acid 9.41-26.30 15.09 IC399678 (26.30), IC341108 (22.72), IC560729 (21.93), IC399684 (20.81), IC262107 (20.36), IC597936 (18.05) Linolenic acid 5.58-16.15 9.81 IC560729 (16.15), IC262089 (16.02), IC330003 (13.84) Eicosenoic acid 2.33-15.4 5.60 EC338995 (15.4), EC339001 (14.64), EC338997 (14.57) Erucic acid 12.03-60.65 49.92 EC694147 (60.65), EC694070 (59.06), EC414287 (58.84), EC414288(58.38), IC279074 (12.03), IC399684 (16.30), IC399678 (23.87), IC341108 (34.64)
4.1.4.5 Brinjal: Fifty accessions of brinjal were accession IC109733 had lysine content higher than mean screened and based on NIRS based prediction, 20 value of C. quinoa (Fig 4.8). diverse accessions were selected for chemical analysis. Results for moisture, total soluble sugar, total phenol, 4.1.4.7 Medicinal and aromatic plants: Samples of total mineral and total protein were found in good about 83 accessions of different medicinal plants were agreement with predicted values (Table 4.7). evaluated for their quality traits. The range of active compounds present in major crops along with superior Table 4.7. Biochemical evaluation of brinjal accessions is given in the Table 4.8. Besides, 38 Trait (%) Range Mean ± std. Superior accessions of Andrographis paniculata were also dev accessions evaluated for active compound andrographolide which Protein 0.989-2.10 1.44 ± 0.322 IC136179, ranged from 0.66% to 2.94% on dry weight basis. IC261793 Promising accessions identified for high andrographolide Phenol 0.094-0.821 0.301 ± 0.221 EC111092 Sugar 2.05-4.43 3.45 ± 0.737 IC261793 content were IC342135, IC471913, IC342134 and Ash 0.53-1.04 0.739 ± 0.158 EC305048 IC342141. About 20 accessions of Tinospora cordifolia were evaluated for quantitative variation in starch content 4.1.4.6 Chenopods: Ten accessions, comprising five at varying stem size. Yield of starch was found more in accessions each for Chenopod album and C. quinoa stems of medium size diameter (1.5-2.0 cm) as compared along with commercial check were evaluated for to thin stem samples. The yield of Guduchi satva in complete proximate (g/100g), phenols (mg/g), saponins stem varied from 1.05% to 1.95 % on fresh weight basis. (mg/g), Fe (mg/100g) and amino acids (g/100 g protein). Comparative assessment revealed that C. album has Twenty five accessions of M. pruriens var. pruriens higher amount of fat, fiber, phenols, saponins and low germplasm were evaluated for active compound L-dopa starch content where as C. quinoa has high iron, lysine, which ranged between 4.91 to 7.09 % on dry weight threonine, histidine and arginine. Higher variability was basis and 4.72% in M. monosperma. Accessions observed in C. album and accession IC258253 was found identified with high L-dopa content in M. pruriens var. to contain the highest amount of iron, zinc and all pruriens were IC599290, IC599336, IC599361, essential amino acids except lysine. Another C. album IC599330 and IC599350 after two consecutive years of chemical evaluation for L-dopa.
4.1.4.8 Validation of high value accessions: Consistently performing high value accessions of lentil, Brassica juncea and cucumber were evaluated over the years for protein, oil and total carotenoid content, respectively. The protein content of lentil accessions IC208326 and IC208329 was 27% during 2001 and 2002. These accessions were validated during 2014 and 2015 and 28% protein was recorded. One B. juncea accession IC313380 grown at Issapur and New Delhi recorded oil content ranging from 42 to 44% during 2008-09 and Fig 4.7. Comparative assessment of Chenopod quinoa 2010-11. The result was validated during 2013-14 and and C. album 2014-15 and oil content ranging from 42 to 43% was
DIVISION OF GERMPLASM EVALUATION 55 Table 4.8. Phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants germplasm for their active compounds
Plant Name Active compound Range (%) Superior Accessions Androgrpahis paniculata Andrographolide 0.66 - 2.94 (DWB) IC342135, IC471913, IC342141, (38 accessions) IC342134 Mucuna pruriens var. pruriens L-3, 4-dihydroxy 4.91 - 7.09 (DWB) IC599290, IC599336, IC599361 (25 accessions) phenylalanine (L-dopa) IC599330, IC599350 obtained. Cucumber accession IC420405 grown at New Delhi during Kharif 2013 and 2014 gave total carotenoid content of 18.5 and 21.5 µg/g f.wt. This accession was validated at IIVR, Varanasi and New Delhi in Kharif 2015 and total carotenoid content of 29.2 and 27.5 µg/g f.wt. was obtained.
4.2 Evaluation for use under CRP on Agro-biodiversity-PGR Component II
Under CRP on Agro-biodiversity component- II, a total of 5,964 accessions comprising of rice (1,000), wheat (1,483), finger millet (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (736) and okra (745), were evaluated at AICRP centres/ hotspots for agronomic traits, biotic and abiotic stresses. Some of the promising accessions identified for various traits are given in the Table 4.9.
Table 4.9. Promising accessions in different crops for various important traits S.No. Crops Locations Promising accessions 1 Rice DRR, Hyderabad; IGAU, Raipur; Resistant to brown plant hopper: IC216788, IC216737, GBPUAT, Pantnagar; AAU, Titabar ; IC75961, IC75990, IC76013, IC76010, IC76033, IC215054 CRRI, Cuttack; VPKAS, Almora; Resistant to gall midge (biotype 1): IC75756, IC75772, PAU, Ludhiana; CRRI, Hazaribagh IC75843, IC75877, IC75855, IC75861 2 Wheat GBPUAT, Pantnagar; DWR, Karnal; Resistant to yellow rust (3 loc.): IC530005, IC530119, IARI RS, Wellington; PAU, IC529894, IC530025, IC128153, Yellow, brown and karnal Ludhiana; BHU, Varanasi; bunt resistance (2 loc.): EC177734, EC178071-283, VPKAS, Almora; ARI Pune; UBKV, IC128153, IC128171, IC393923, IC445316, IC445495, Coochbehar IC427140, IC443629, IC443681, IC443759, IC443770, IC445489 Resistant to black, yellow, brown and karnal bunt (2 loc.): IC128153, IC177813, IC178071-319, IC178071-537, IC178071-575, IC178071, IC190919 3 Finger UAS, Bangalore; VPKAS, Almora; Resistant to leaf blast: IC478997, IC479004, IC479078, millet TNAU, Coimbatore; IGAU, IC53743, IC41796, IC41813, IC473410 IC4734111, IC473417, Jagdalpur; ANGRAU, Vizianagaram; IC473429 Resistance to neck blast: IC479109, IC474662, GBPUAT, Pantnagar IC479056, IC473147, IC473387, IC473290, IC474599, IC41801, IC474726, IC473168 Resistance to finger blast: IC473156, IC479071, IC473147 IC474662, IC473369, IC473152, IC479056, IC479109, IC474707, IC474659 4 Rapeseed- PAU, Ludhiana; DRMR, Bharatpur; Tolerant to white rust: EC399296, EC491607, IC01727, mustard GBPUAT, Pantnagar, PAU, RARS IC07128, IC07129, IC07132, IC264131 Tolerant to Alternaria Bhatinda blight: IC11765, IC10965, IC10976, IC113146, IC113148 5 Chickpea JNKV, Jabalpur; RAU, Durgapura; Resistant to pod borer: IC83409, IC116287 UAS Gulbarga; HPKV, Dhaulakuan; Resistant to Ascochyta blight: EC267265, EC267272, PAU, Ludhiana; IIPR, Kanpur; EC267293, EC489910 GBPUAT, Pantnagar Resistant to dry root rot: IC95082, IC83703, IC83854, IC83819, IC116347 Resistant to collar rot: EC555195, IC83330, IC83363, Resistant to wilt : IC83330, IC116347, IC267443, IC83791 6 Okra IIHR Bangalore; ICAR-NEH, Resistant to yellow vein mosaic disease: IC042484-B, Shillong; GBPUAT, Pantnagar; PAU, IC116970, IC010256- A Resistant to cercospora leaf spot: Ludhiana; BCKV, Kalyani; IIVR, IC523720 Varanasi; MPKV, Rahuri; RAU, Durgapura; NBPGR, New Delhi
56 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 4.3 Pre-breeding and Genetic Enhancement mungo, V. umbellata, V. synthetic (allotetraploid) and V. trilobata) were sown in pots for their agro- 4.3.1 Agro-morphological evaluation and morphological characterization and preliminary advancement of F6 crosses of lentil: A total of 205 evaluation. V. umbellata and V. vexillata has shown F6 generation derivative lines of two interspecific crosses complete resistance for yellow vein mosaic virus of lentil (ILL 10829 x ILWL 30 and ILL 8006 × ILWL (YVMV) and leaf curl virus. V. trilobata, V. synthetic 62) were evaluated for agro-morphological traits. (allotetraploid), V. mungo var. mungo and V. radiata Substantial higher variation was observed for many of var sublobata have shown complete resistance to yellow the traits such as plant height, no. of branches/plant, no. vein mosaic virus and moderately resistance to leaf curl of pods/plant, no. of seeds/plant, no. of seeds/pod, seed virus. V. trivervia bournea has shown moderate yield/plant, 100-seed weight and biological yield/plant. resistance to both the diseases. V. hainiana and V. daizelliana found to be very susceptible for both the 4.3.2 Interspecific crosses in Lens spp: Various diseases. Crosses were made for introgression of cross combinations were attempted using cultivated lentil YVMV and leaf curl virus resistance traits from wild varieties with wild species as donors for various traits Vigna spp to three varieties of Vigna radiata. such as more no. of peduncles/plant (L. culinaris ssp. odemensis, ILWL 116), high no of pods/cluster (L. 4.4 Documentation culinaris ssp. tomentosus, ILWL 305), early flowering (L. ervoides, ILWL 63), high biomass (L. nigricans, A total of 12,704 accessions of various crops were ILWL 30 & ILWL 474) and high no. of branches/plant characterized and evaluated during rabi 2014-15 at (L. nigricans, ILWL 111). NBPGR, New Delhi (7,719) and its Regional Stations namely Akola (800), Bhowali (415), Cuttack (170), 4.3.3 Preliminary evaluation and wide hybridization Hyderabad (2,270), Shimla (430), Srinagar (300) and in Vigna spp: A total of 30 accessions of wild Vigna Thrissur (600). The same was compiled and documented spp comprising of ten species (V. dazelliana, V. as “Annual Report on Characterization and Evaluation haniana, V. radiata var sublobata, V. stipulacea, of Rabi Crops (2014-15)”. Similarly, a total of 4,210 V. trinervia var bournea, V. vexillata, V. mungo var accessions were characterized and evaluated during
Fig 4.8. Phenotypic variability of wild Vigna species
DIVISION OF GERMPLASM EVALUATION 57 Kharif 2014 at NBPGR, New Delhi, (1,150) and its programmes. In addition, under CRP on Agro- Regional Stations namely, Akola (700), Bhowali (400), biodiversity PGR management-component II, a total of Hyderabad (120), Jodhpur (700) Shillong (500), Shimla 5,480 accessions comprising of wheat (1,485), rice (600) and Thrissur (40). The same was compiled and (1,000), rapeseed mustard (1,000), chickpea (250), okra documented in the form of “Annual Report on (745) and finger millet (1,000) were supplied to various Characterization and Evaluation of Kharif Crops cooperating centres for detailed evaluation. (2014)”. Further, the promising accessions in MLE for different traits were compiled in the form of a catalogue, 4.6 Active Germplasm Holding in MTS at GED “Multi-location Evaluation of Wheat (2014-15)”. A total of 28,367 accessions of various crops comprising 4.5 Germplasm Supply cereals (9,707), millets (231), pulses and legumes (7,591), oilseeds (4,790), vegetable crops (4,303), potential crops During the period, a total of 2,014 accessions of various (1,487), and medicinal and aromatic plants (258) were crops namely, wheat (1,173), maize (192), barley (17), maintained in medium term storage. In addition, 131 pulses (260), oilseeds (206), vegetable crops (143) and accessions of vetiver, 55 of palmarosa, 22 of Asparagus, medicinal and aromatic plants (23) were supplied to 56 25 of giloe, 50 of Aloe and 40 of other medicinal and indenters belonging to ICAR Institutes, SAUs and other aromatic plants were maintained in the field genebank. research organizations engaged in crop improvement
Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL.01: Characterization, evaluation and documentation of genetic resources of agri-horticultural crops. [Ashok Kumar (up to 5.04.2015), Dr. JC Rana] Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, Co PIs and Associates) PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.01. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of wheat, barley and triticale germplasm [Jyoti Kumari, TP Singh (up to 28.08.2015), Sandeep Kumar, Sundeep Kumar, Vikender Kaur, Ruchi Bansal and Y S Rathi] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.02. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of maize germplasm [Ashok Kumar, TP Singh (up to 27.08.2015), Jyoti Kumari, Harender Singh (up to 31.03.2015) and RK Sharma] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.03. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of pulses germplasm [NK Gautam, Rakesh Bhardwaj, TV Prasad, Ruchi Bansal, Soma Marla (w.e.f. 9.07.2015), Jameel Akhtar (w.e.f. 9.07.2015), Sheelamary (up to 30.11.2015) and Babu Ram] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.04. Characterization, evaluation, and documentation of oilseeds germplasm [Rashmi Yadav, Sandeep Kumar and Vikender Kaur] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.05. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of vegetable and ornamental crop germplasm [KK Gangopadhyay, Rakesh Srivastava, TV Prasad, Ruchi Bansal, P Anitha and BL Meena] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.06. Biochemical evaluation of field and vegetable crops germplasm [Rakesh Bhardwaj, Sandeep Kumar, Manjusha Verma and Poonam Suneja] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.07. Characterization and evaluation of medicinal and aromatic plants germplasm [Archana P Raina, Ashok Kumar, Rakesh Singh, CS Raghav (up to 18.12.2015) and BS Panwar] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.08. Evaluation for biotic stress tolerance in field and vegetable crops [TV Prasad, Z Khan, Rakesh Bhardwaj, KK Gangopadhyay and Rakesh Srivastava] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.09. Evaluation for abiotic stress tolerance in field crops germplasm [TP Singh (up to 27.08.2015), Ruchi Bansal (w.e.f. 28.08.2015), Vikender Kaur, Rashmi Yadav, Jyoti Kumari and MC Yadav] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.10. Characterization of wild species and pre-breeding in selected crops [Gayacharan, KK Gangopadhyay (w.e.f. 9.07.2015), NK Gautam, Mohar Singh (w.e.f. 9.07.2015), IS Bisht, MK Rana and M Latha (w.e.f. 9.07.2015)] PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.11. Characterization, evaluation and documentation of underutilized crops germplasm [Sheelamary (up to 30.11.2015), BS Phogat, SK Yadav, Hanuman Lal, Archana P Raina and Rakesh Srivastava]
58 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 PGR/GEV-BUR-DEL01.12. Application of statistical techniques in management of information on plant genetic resources [Hanuman Lal]
Externally Funded Projects • Pre-breeding and genetic enhancement for breaking yield barriers in centre and kabuli chickpea [DAC- ICARDA – ICAR, Mohar Singh, IS Bisht, Sheelamary (up to 30.11.2015) and Jyoti Kumari] • Development of guidelines for the conduct of test for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability [DUS) on grain amaranth, buckwheat and fababean (PPVFRA, Rashmi Yadav, BS Phogat, Rakesh Bhardwaj and JC Rana] • Establishment of Referral Laboratory for conducting special biochemical tests [PPVFRA, Rakesh Bhardwaj, Sandeep Kumar and Archana P Raina]
DIVISION OF GERMPLASM EVALUATION 59 DIVISION OF GENOMIC RESOURCES 5
Summary: Eighty-five registered samples and 145 accessions of maize comprising of inbreds, hybrids and composites were finger printed with thirty-two and thirty SSRs respectively. Further, 122 samples of arecanut, chickpea, cotton, faba bean, horsegram, mustard, oats, onion, pearl millet, pineapple, rice, sorghum, taramira, urdbean and wheat were DNA finger printed. A total of 729 samples including hybrid varieties, aromatic rice, abiotic stress tolerant and early maturing rice varieties were profiled with thirty six hyper variable SSR markers. Thirty-nine morphologically diverse accessions of Andrographis paniculata were characterized with 22 SCoT and 19 CBDP primers. A rice mini-core germplasm set (194 accns.) for North-Eastern region of India was developed using 50K SNP chip. All India rice core (789) developed based on morphological markers was characterized with four SSR markers. Twenty-eight promising accessions of wheat were characterized using 18 morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits and 26 SSR markers. Thirty-six accessions belonging to four species of Luffa were analyzed with five barcoding loci. Bottle gourd (659) EST-SSRs were transferred to sponge and ridge gourd. Unigenes (58,865 ) and putative simple sequence repeats (8,934) were identified in sponge gourd, 2,592 SSRs in bottle gourd assembled transcriptome, and 7,677 of microsatellite containing regions were identified in bitter gourd. QTLs for number of seeds per 10 spikes, thousand grain weight and seed weight per 10 spikes were identified on 6A chromosome of wheat. Nineteen salt responsive candidate gene based SSR (cgSSR) markers were validated in rice. Genome-wide 129 novel miRNA-based microsatellite markers were developed in rice (Oryza sativa) for genotyping applications. Sixty-nine NBS-LRR genes were identified from bottle gourd transcriptome. Database was developed on genetic and genomic resources information of Vigna and Phaseolus species. Microsatellite database were developed for medicinal Plants (Tinospora cardifolia and Andrographis paniculata). A total of 350 genomic resources were deposited in the National Genomic Resources Repository. Crop-specific GMO matrices of 199 GM events, comprising 143 GM maize events with 75 genetic elements and 56 cotton events with 44 genetic elements were developed. Visual LAMP assays targeting three marker genes, phosphinothricin-N- acetyltransferase (pat), phosphomannose isomerase (pmi), and red fluorescent protein (ds-Red2) developed. Adventitious presence of transgenes was monitored in ex-situ collections, comprising of brinjal (65), cotton (50) and okra (50), conserved in the National Genebank, using PCR/real-time PCR assays targeting CaMV35 promoter and nosterminator. Two hundred and seven (207) accessions of imported transgenic lines of Arabidopsis thaliana (16), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (79), Glycine max (1), Gossypium spp. (20), Mannihot esculenta (50) and Zea mays (41) were tested for the absence.
5.1 DNA Fingerprinting 5.1.1 DNA fingerprinting of maize registered material and inbreds, hybrids and composites: Eighty-five registered samples of maize were fingerprinted with 32 SSR primers. All primers were found to be polymorphic and each primer resulted in Fig 5.1. SSR profile of 85 maize registered samples 100% polymorphic bands except one primer. The size of the bands ranged from 70-500 bp. Substantial diversity rice varieties. Thirty-six hyper variable SSR markers was found in the material. All 85 accessions could be covering entire rice genome were used. A total of 112 discriminated from one another. Another study on 145 alleles were amplified with an average of 3.11 alleles accessions of maize comprising of inbreds, hybrids and per locus. The number of alleles amplified per SSR composites was undertaken. Total genomic DNA was primers varied from 2 to 5. PIC value for HvSSR isolated using CTAB method, purified, quantified and primers ranged from 0.04 to 0.58 with an average of used for PCR analysis using 30 SSR primers. The 30 0.29. A model-based program, STRUCTURE, divided primers generated a total of 221 markers which the varieties into three populations. discriminated all the inbreds, hybrids and composites unequivocally. 5.1.2 DNA fingerprinting of rice varieties using SSR markers : DNA fingerprinting was conducted on 729 Indian rice varieties which have been released from Fig 5.2. Model based clustering of Indica rice cultivars 1940 to 2013. These 729 varieties include hybrid varieties, using SSR markers aromatic rice, abiotic stress tolerant and early maturing
60 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 5.2 Genetic Diversity Analyses polymorphic and yielded 495 alleles. The markers yielded 1-8 alleles with an average of 2.24 alleles per locus. 5.2.1 Profiling of bottle gourd lines with SSR UPGMA dendrogram was constructed that revealed two markers : Microsatellite amplification products were clusters. One cluster had seven accessions and the rest separated in LabChip Microfluidic Gel Electrophoresis formed five sub-clusters in the second cluster. System from Caliper Life Sciences (Hopkinton, MA) with 1 K DNA Assay Kit following the company’s 5.2.3 Genetic diversity analysis in kodo millet protocol. Genotyping of all 20 bottle gourd accessions (Paspalum scrobiculatum) : Ninety six accessions of was performed with selected 105 SSR markers. Twenty kodo millet from 12 different states of India were two (20.9%) markers showed polymorphism. Ninety out characterized using 18 ISSR (neutral), 21 SCoT and five of 105 microsatellite markers produced fragments of SRAP (functional) primer sets which generated 202, 212 preferred sizes, whereas the amplification products for and 40 bands, respectively. Neutral markers were 15 markers varied from the estimated sizes. showing higher values as compared to functional markers for the genetic diversity parameters index. Structure 5.2.2 Profiling of bottle gourd with mapped genomic based analysis placed all the accessions into four sub- SSR markers and their genetic diversity analyses: groups not strictly according their geographical locations. Ninety six accessions of bottle gourd were profiled with The accessions from Bihar followed by Karnataka the 203 mapped SSR markers that yielded clear banding showed high diversity based on both the marker systems. profiles. One hundred one (101) markers were
Fig 5.4. Structure based sub-groups (Top) in 96 accessions of kodo millet, number of sub-groups was selected at which the ÄK value (Bottom) was highest. A (Based on ISSR markers) and B (Based on SCoT and SRAP markers). The 1 to 96 labels in the structure graphics are 96 accessions. Different sub- groups in the Structure are labeled as: Orange bar (Sub-group I), Red bar (Sub-group II), Green bar (Sub- group III) and Blue bar (Sub-group IV)
5.2.4 Genetic diversity analysis in foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv] : Molecular profiling of 30 accessions of foxtail millet from eight different regions of Uttarakhand was carried out with 25 genome wide SSR loci which generated a total of 63 alleles with an average of 2.52 alleles per locus. An average expected heterozygosity of 0.37±0.2 revealed considerable variability and significant genetic Fig 5.3. UPGMA dendrogram of the 96 bottle gourd samples with 203 mapped markers differentiation among the accessions. UPGMA cluster
DIVISION OF GENOMIC RESOURCES 61 analysis grouped the 30 foxtail millet accessions into three respectively. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) clusters. showed that the maximum variation (10%) among agro- ecological regions was observed using CBDP primers; 5.2.5 DNA profiling of different Brassica species whereas, only 2% variation was observed using SCoT with genic-SSR markers : Thirty four accessions markers. belonging to eight different Brassica species [Brassica juncea, B. rapa (yellow sarson, brown sarson and toria), 5.2.7 Phylogenetic analysis of Indian Luffa sps. B. napus, B. carinata, Eruca sativa, B. hirta, B. nigra, using combined analysis of universal barcoding loci B. tournefortii] were subjected to SSR analyses. Out viz. ITS, rbcL and psb-trnH spacer : Thirty-six of fifty genic-SSR markers of B.rapa, twelve were able accessions belonging to four recognized species of Luffa to exhibit amplification across the accessions of Brassica viz. L. cylindrica, L. acutangula, L. graveolens and species. Diversity among thirty released varieties of L. echinata were analyzed with five barcoding loci (ITS, Indian mustard (B. juncea) showed no unique profile in rbcL, psb-trnHspcer, ycf5 and rpoC) for species differentiating varieties. delimitation and phylogenetic relationship studies. Three of the loci (ITS, rbcL and psb-trnH) were able to differentiate Indian Luffa species. Moreover, in the individual barcoding analysis, the barcoding locus ITS was able to differentiate four species distinctly compared to other barcoding loci. The combined analysis of these three barcoding loci was done by pairwise multiple alignment of combined sequences and the genetic distance was generated based on Jukes-Cantor method followed by generation of phylogenetic tree using UPGMA. The tree constructed based on combined analysis showed branching pattern in line with the tree generated based on ITS. The accessions of L. acutangula showed high variation in the barcoding sequence compared to L. cylindrica and most of them were grouped based on their distribution. The North East collection of L. acutangula formed a distinct clade in the phylogenetic tree. This interpretation may be supported from the morphological studies for their species status, since the L. acutangula is a complex earlier represented by three distinct species (L. Fig 5.5. DNA profiling of different Brassica species with hermaphordita, L. amara and L. acutangula). genic-SSR markers 5.2.8 ITS region sequencing: SNP analysis and DNA barcoding in rice : ITS1, 5.8S rRNA and ITS2 5.2.6 Molecular characterization of Andrographis were amplified as a single unit from all 48 accessions of paniculata accessions using SCoT and CBDP Oryza species collected from different states of India. markers : Thirty-nine morphologically diverse accns. In all cases, PCR yielded single amplicon without any of Andrographis paniculata collected over the years visible length variation on the gel amplified from different from different agro-ecological regions of India were accessions of Oryza species using specially designed characterized with 22 SCoT and 19 CBDP primers. A primer ITS-M1. A set of 15 accessions identified based o total of 132 and 97 amplicons were generated, with an n molecular divergence data of SSR and URP analyses average of 6.0 and 5.11 amplicons per primer, was used for the DNA sequencing. This selected set of 15 respectively. PIC values ranged from 0.09 to 0.48 and accessions was sequenced in both directions using Sanger 0.30 to 0.46, with an average value of 0.34 and 0.41 per sequencing chemistry with ITS-M1 forward and reverse primer for SCoT and CBDP markers, respectively. The primers. The multiple sequence alignment included all resolving power for SCoT and CBDP primers ranged the eight species of AA-genome of the primary genepool from 2.36 to 10.54 and 1.39 to 13.15 per primer, of rice. The full length ITS region varied from 574 to
62 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 577 bp with mean of 576 bp. The GC content was high 5.2.9 Development of a rice mini-core germplasm in ITS region of rice species that varied from 69.57 to set for North-Eastern region of India using 50K 70.36% with the mean value of 69.99%. The sequence SNP chip : A rice core consisting of 701 accessions length of 5.8S rRNA genes was 164 bp and the gene was developed from 6,984 accessions of North-Eastern was conserved with no sequence variation amongst AA- region of India. This core was further characterized with genome species. However, the spacer ITS1 varied from 50K SNP chip of rice for development of mini-core. 192 to 195 bp with an average of 194 bp, while the length Cluster analysis based on 50K SNP markers grouped of second spacer region (ITS2) ranged from 217 bp 194 accessions of core into seven clusters. This analysis (WR-368) to 219 bp (WR-387). The multiple sequence shows that the core developed from NE rice collection alignment revealed the presence of five variable is very diverse and has captured maximum diversity nucleotide positions in ITS1, wherein, three indels at present in the 6,984 accessions. nucleotide positions 136 (C/-), 143 (G/-) and 193 (A/-), and two base substitutions at nucleotide positions 142 (G→C; transversion) and 189 (T→C, transition) were found. The ITS2 spacer was found to be relatively more variable. It contains nine variable nucleotide positions wherein two indels at nucleotide positions 384 (C/- in WR-368) and 395 (-/T in WR-387), and seven transition type of base substitutions at nucleotide positions 373 (A→G), 382 (C→T), 420 (C→T), 440 (T→C), 499 (A→G), 517 (A→G) and 544 (A→G) were observed. The numbers of base substitutions per site between ITS region sequences were analyzed using the Maximum Composite Likelihood model and involved 22 ITS region sequences. There were a total of 573 positions in the final dataset. Evolutionary analyses were conducted using MEGA5. The evolutionary divergence between ITS region sequences varied from 0.002 to 0.007.The genetic relationships inferred from the nucleotide sequence polymorphism in the ITS region of different accessions of Oryza species belonging to AA-genome are depicted Fig 5.7. Cluster analysis based on 50K SNP markers in Fig.5.6. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree used for characterization of 194 accessions of NE constructed based on ITS sequence data does not clearly mini-core of rice distinguish different AA-genome species of the genus Oryza. 5.2.10 Molecular characterization of all India rice core developed based on morphological markers with SSR markers : DNA isolation was done for 789 rice accessions. Four SSR markers were used to characterize 789 rice accessions of the core. Number of alleles amplified per SSR primers varied from 3 to 4 with an average of 3.75 alleles per locus. PIC value ranged from 0.27 for HvSSR02-50 to 0.41 for HvSSR02- 01 with an average of 0.35 and gene diversity ranged from 0.31 to 0.50 with an average of 0.41. In the Unrooted tree, rice accessions were clustered into seven groups with maximum sub-groups in group 7.
Fig 5.6. Neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree inferred from 5.2.11 Molecular analysis of terminal-heat tolerant sequence polymorphism in ITS region of eight Oryza species of AA-genome genotypes of bread wheat : Twenty-eight promising accessions of wheat were characterized using 18
DIVISION OF GENOMIC RESOURCES 63 morpho-physiological and yield contributing traits with primer pairs flanking these repeat containing sequences three staggered planting dates for terminal heat-stress were designed. A subset of 631 EST-SSR primer pairs tolerance. Overall the morpho-physiological characters were synthesized and validated in two varieties of finger were negatively affected and were reduced in most of millet, and 432 SSR primer pairs were showing the accessions in very late and extremely late sowing amplification at the same PCR temperature conditions. conditions. The 1000-grain weight (TWG), a key A Bioproject on the above mentioned leaf transcriptome character for measuring terminal-heat stress tolerance data of Eleusine coracana (BioProject ID: was significantly reduced in extreme late conditions in PRJNA268401) is available on NCBI. susceptible genotypes. A panel of 26 microsatellite primer-pairs was selected for amplification of microsatellite loci located on chromosome 7B and 7D, which also contain genomic regions and QTLs for traits contributing to heat-stress tolerance. Twenty-six primer- pairs amplified a total of 117 alleles with an average of 4.5 alleles per microsatellite locus. The Dice coefficient of genetic similarity varied from 0.40 to 0.91 with an average of 0.58. The highest similarity coefficient was obtained between HDR-77 and PBW-343 (0.91 similarity), whereas the lowest similarity was found Fig 5.9. Validation of finger millet EST-SSR loci between the accessions Raj-3765 and DI-717 (0.40 generated through transcriptome profiling, encircled similarity). UPGMA dendrogram grouped all the bands show polymorphic EST-SSR loci genotypes in many clusters, which clearly distinguished all the genotypes of bread wheat. Moderate level of DNA 5.3.2 Transcriptome sequencing, marker polymorphism was observed using 26 microsatellite loci generation and validation in little millet (Panicum in wheat genome. sumatrense) : Little millet is a drought, salt tolerant and phytochemicals- rich potential crop. In view of its importance and meager availability of genomic resources in this crop, transcriptome sequencing of leaf tissue of the variety OLM-203 was carried out and 3,84,34,248 processed paired end reads were generated and assembled into more than 20,000 unigenes with an average length of 904 bp and N50 value of 1,176. Among the unigenes, 2,123 repeat containing sequences were identified and finally 1,305 non-redundant EST-SSR primer pairs containing di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, hexa- and compound repeats were designed. A subset of 360 EST- Fig 5.8. Molecular profiles of 24 accessions of wheat SSR primer pairs were designed, of which 274 amplified with microsatellite locus wmc606 (above) and bands in the expected size range and 86 showed bands wmc323 (below) either in lower or higher size range. Bioproject on the above mentioned Panicum sumatrense leaf transcriptome data is available on NCBI. 5.3 Generation and Validation of New Markers 5.3.3 Cross-transferability of bottle gourd 5.3.1 Generation and validation of new markers in transcriptome SSR markers in sponge and ridge finger millet (Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.) gourd : Eight hundred and one (801) bottle gourd SSR through Transcriptome profiling : A total of 1,07,323 markers developed through transcriptome data were transcripts were obtained after assembly of leaf tested for amplification in sponge and ridge gourd for transcriptome data of PR 202 and GPU 28 varieties of marker development. Six hundred and fifty nine (659) finger millet and 56,404 unigenes were discovered. A were transferred to the two species. Further validation total of 12,510 repeat containing sequences were is in progress. identified in these unigenes and finally 3,883 EST-SSR
64 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 5.3.4 Generation of genomic resources in Luffa Out of these 801 non-redundant perfect SSRs were cylindrica : A dataset composed of 58,865 unigenes synthesized and validated in two bottle gourd lines. derived from the sponge gourd transcriptome was assembled. Based on these generated sequences, 8,934 5.3.6 Mining of EST-SSRs from bitter gourd putative simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified (Momordica charantia) : Bitter gourd is a vegetable out of which 191 perfect SSR primers of more than 20 crop of neutraceutical importance. India is the center of repeats were synthesized and validated in two diversity for bitter gourd and diverse germplasm as well ToLCNDV resistant (DSG-6) and susceptible lines as wild species are found in the country. In order to (PusaSneha) of sponge gourd. These transcriptome strengthen the genetic characterization and breeding assembly sequences and EST-SSR data are of great programmes, the transcriptome of an elite genotype had value for the discovery of novel genes involved in been sequenced with the objective of mining EST-SSRs ToLCNDV resistance and for marker-assisted selection in bitter gourd. A total of 7,677 of microsatellite in sponge gourd. containing regions were identified using MISA. These comprised of 551 compound and 6,706 simple repeats 5.3.5 Generation of SSR markers from bottle gourd of which 1,152, 2,359, 205, 23 and 2,915 were di-,tri-, unigenes and their validation : De novo tetra-, penta- and hexanucleotide repeats, respectively. transcriptome assembly of bottle gourd leaf tissue 5.3.7 Mapping and validation of QTLs for resulted in a total of 19,594 transcript contigs with N50 component traits associated with terminal heat of 1,608. SSRs were identified with the MISA, SSR tolerance in wheat : Inter-varietal mapping population identification pipeline and a total of 2,592 SSRs were i.e., recombinant inbred lines (RILs) developed from a identified in the bottle gourd assembled transcriptome. cross between ‘Dharwad Dry’ (a terminal heat tolerant cultivar) and ‘HUW-468’ (a terminal heat susceptible cultivar) was used for the identification of QTLs controlling agronomic and physiological traits under heat stress regime. 5.3.8 Identification and analysis of novel salt responsive candidate gene based SSRs from rice (Oryza sativa L.) : Based on the comprehensive literature survey, 220 different salt responsive genes were selected in rice. Out of them, 106 genes were found to contain 180 microsatellite loci with, tri-nucleotide motifs (56%) being most abundant, followed by di-(41%) and tetra nucleotide (2.8%) motifs. Maximum loci were found in the coding sequences (37.2%), followed by in 52 UTR (26%), intron (21.6%) and 32 UTR (15%). For validation, 19 primer sets were evaluated to detect polymorphism in diversity analysis among the two panels consisting of 17 salt tolerant and 17 susceptible rice genotypes. Except one, all primer sets exhibited polymorphic nature with an average of 21.8 alleles/ primer and with a mean PIC value of 0.28. Calculated genetic similarity among genotypes was ranged from 19%-89%. The generated dendrogram showed three Chromosome 6A clusters of which one contained entire 17 susceptible Fig 5.10. Based on HSI values, QTLs for number of genotypes and another two clusters contained all tolerant seeds per 10 spikes, thousand grain weight and seed genotypes. The present study represented the potential weight per 10 spikes (based on phenotypic values in of salt responsive candidate gene based SSR (cgSSR) different years and mean value) were identified on 6A in the marker interval of Gwm 169 (117.19) and Wmc markers to be utilized as novel and remarkable candidate 368 (121.3) and Wmc398 (121.3) &Wmc 417 (128.82) for diversity analysis among rice genotypes differing in salinity response.
DIVISION OF GENOMIC RESOURCES 65 5.3.9 Genome-wide development of novel miRNA- needed towards developing Indian mustard varieties for based microsatellite markers of rice (Oryza sativa) desirable fatty acid composition for specific end-usages. for genotyping applications : A genome-wide In this direction, several FAE1 genes have been cloned investigation yielded a total of 129 SSR markers from (NCBI accession no: KP074949-KP074963) from the conserved microRNA (miRNA) genes of rice, and released varieties to understand the relationship of allelic 20 of them with repeat numbers > 7, from all the 12 feature with that of associated trait. Likewise, FAD2 chromosomes, were validated among 24 diverse rice gene was also cloned from the same released Indian genotypes. The highest number of repeat motifs mustard varieties with objectives similar to those applied corresponded to di-nucleotides, while the tetra- to FAE1. However, the molecular analyses of cloned nucleotides were repeated the lowest number of times. genes didn’t reveal any significant differences among This result, therefore, showed that the number of repeats the alleles of FAE1/FAD2 of different varieties. is inversely related to the length of repeat. The results showed that the miRNA-based microsatellite marker 5.4.4 Identification and characterization of system is a very proficient, novel and breeder-friendly chloroplastic glutamine synthetase gene in little source for genetic diversity analysis or genotyping millet : A putative chloroplastic isoform of glutamine of rice. synthetase gene (GS-2) was identified from little millet (Panicum sumatrens Roth) transcriptome data. In order 5.4 Genomic Resources Generation, to describe the phylogenetic relationship of Panicum Conservation and Validation sumatrens chloroplastic isoform of glutamine synthetase gene (PsGS-2) with Poaceae family, a neighbour-joining 5.4.1 Mining of NBS-LRR gene family from bottle tree was constructed using 1000 replicates of bootstrap gourd transcriptome data : In silico analysis of bottle value. The phylogenetic analysis of GS-2 of Poaceae gourd transcriptome identified 105 NBS-LRR genes in family along with PsGS-2 gene revealed two major the species. To check the redundancy, 105 sequences groups in the tree. Consequentely, the PsGS-2 exhibits were further analysed and as a result 69 non-redundant close proximity with Seteria italica GS-2 gene. sequences were identified. The putative 69 sequences were further confirmed for NBS domain and a repertoire 5.4.5 Discovery of miRNAs from extreme of NBS-LRR genes was developed, which can be used halophyte, Oryza coarctata, a wild relative of rice : in not only dissecting the molecular basis of disease Oryza coarctata, a halophyte and wild relative of rice, resistance phenotype but also in developing disease is grown normally in saline water. In this study, two small resistant genotypes in the crop through transgenic or RNA libraries, one each from the control and salt-treated molecular breeding approaches. (450 mMNaCl for 24 h) leaves of O. coarctata were sequenced, which yielded 338 known and 95 novel 5.4.2 Amplification of NBS-LLR genes in Brassica miRNAs. Additionally, we used publicly available juncea : An approximately 530 bp putative fragment of transcriptomics data of O. coarctata which led to the NBS domain was amplified in Brassica juncea using discovery of additional 48 conserved miRNAs along with degenerate primer set from P-loop and GLPL conserved their pre-miRNA sequences through in silico analysis. domains of NBS-LLR gene family. The genomic DNA In total, 36 known and 7 novel miRNAs were up- of B. juncea was used as template for amplification. regulated whereas, 12 known and 7 novel miRNAs were The fragment was cloned into pGEM-T vector down-regulated under salinity stress. Further, 233 and (Promega). 154 target genes were predicted for 48 known and 14 novel differentially regulated miRNAs, respectively. 5.4.3 Nutritionally important fatty acid biosynthetic These targets with the help of gene ontology analysis genes in Brassica : In India, vegetable oil derived from were found to be involved in several important biological seeds of Brassica juncea (Indian mustard) contributes processes that could be involved in salinity tolerance. dominantly towards cooking oil supply for human Expression of most of the target genes was negatively consumption. Although success in developing near zero correlated with their corresponding miRNAs. Thus, the (less than 2%) erucic acid lines in Indian mustard through present study provides an account of miRNA-target introgression of FAE1 allele from ZEM1 mustard variety networking that is involved in salinity adaption of O. (Australian near zero erucic acid B.juncea variety) has coarctata. been achieved recently. However, further effort is
66 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Together, the results of transcript abundance and promoter methylation of osa-miR393a-TIR1 module signified the association between these two processes which is reported for the first time in plants to the best of our knowledge.
5.4.7 Differentially expressed genes of brinjal fruits: Fruit transcriptome of two contrasting brinjal cultivars, one an endemic landrace and the other an Fig 5.11. Phylogenetic relationship of chloroplastic improved variety, were compared. The experimental isoform of glutamine synthetase gene (GS-2) of little layout involved comparative analyses of three datasets. millet (Panicum sumatrens) with Poaceae family. The RNA-Seq read datasets from Illumina sequencing of values on lines indicate the confidence level of three samples of brinjal (i) Control (ii) Landrace and clustering. The little millet Chloroplastic glutamine (iii) Improved variety were analysed for expression synthetase is highlighted with color. The GenBank accession numbers are indicated in brackets. analysis. Two methods were used to complete the Abbreviations in the tree are as follows: At (Aegilops transcriptome data analysis; (i) De novo assembly triuncialis); Tu (Triticum urartu); Ta (T. aestivum); Sc method using CLC Genomics workbench 7.5 and (ii) (Sugarcane); Hv (Hordeum vulgare); Bd Reference genome based assembly using an open (Brachypodium distachyon); Ob (Oryza brachyantha); Os (O. sativa); Pa (Phragmites australis); Zm (Zea source toolset. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mays); Si (Setaria italica); Ps (Panicum sumatrens) genome sequence data, with ~900 Mb size having 31,063 predicted genes across 12 chromosomes, were used as reference. 5.4.6 Promoter methylation of miRNA gene effects salinity adaptation in rice as demonstrated in osa- 5.4.8 Identification of Calcium Dependent Protein miR393a : The behavior of salt responsive osa-miR393a Kinase (CDPK) gene family in pigeonpea : Plant and its target gene (TIR1, LOC_Os05g05800) in salt- CDPKs are known to regulate development, as well as tolerant (FL478) and salt-sensitive (IR29) rice genotypes for generating responses to biotic and abiotic stress was studied. It was found that the mature and precursor conditions. A calcium dependent protein kinase (CDPK) sequences of osa-miR393a as well as its cleavage site family has been identified in pigeonpea. The identified in TIR1 were conserved among salt tolerant and CcCDPK family comprised 23 members which are sensitive genotypes. Promoters of different salt classified in four groups. All the CcCDPKs were named responsive miRNAs were also found to be less variable following orthologous nomenclature with reference to between salt-tolerant and salt-susceptible genotypes. model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. A detailed search Analysis of gene expression, promoter methylation, and in EST database has shown presence of several cis-element abundance showed that osa-miR393a CcCDPK ESTs from leaf and root tissue of pigeonpea. behaves differently in FL478 and IR29. Salt stress altered ESTs of CcCDPKs were also observed in Fusarium wilt the expression pattern of osamiR393a-TIR1 module in challenged root tissue of pigeonpea genotype a time-dependent manner in the roots and shoots of two ICPL20102, suggesting its possible role in generating genotypes. Promoter methylation of this regulatory response against Fusarium wilt in pigeonpea. A detailed module was also altered at different time points under characterization of CcCDPK has been performed. salt stress. Expression analysis in two genotypes Phylogenetic tree depicting evolutionary relationships indicated the overall down-regulation of osa-miR393a between CDPKs of pigeonpea CDPKs with and upregulation of TIR1 in FL478 and their reciprocal Arabidopsis is shown in Fig. 5.12. Further expression regulation in IR29. The expression results were levels of CcCDPKs in two pigeonpea varieties (Asha complemented by the differential promoter methylation and Upas120) have been studied by making use of and cis-element abundance of this regulatory module. publically available resources (SRA data) using CLC
Brinjal RNA SEQ ANALYSIS # Contigs Blast Hits Annotated genes Differentially Genes Expressed De novo* Ref genome Control/fruit 125,502 75,907 (60%) 36,970 (30%) 937 165 Landrace/improved variety 59,598 39,693 (67%) 12,361 (21%) 136 44
DIVISION OF GENOMIC RESOURCES 67 genomics workbench at HPC facility, NBPGR. mutant protein (Ala297Thr) shows significant alteration Heatmapwas also generated showing an expression of at different pH. CDPK genes in pigeonpea variety Asha and Upas120. 5.4.10 Classification, cataloguing and analysis of functional and regulatory genes involved in stress response in Viridiplantae : In order to identify genes involved in stress tolerance mechanism in crop plants, stress responsive genes were retrieved through literature search and from different databases, particularly Arabidopsis and rice. Prioritizing the crops, we selected sesame (Sesamum indicum), green gram (Vigna radiata) and foxtail millet (Setaria italica). The genome data of the selected crops was downloaded and mined for stress responsive transcription factors (putative orthologs) by creating standalone databases and the obtained results were manually curated. Finally, in sesame, 12, 34 and 32 different families for transcription factor have been identified for drought, cold and salinity stress, respectively. Similarly in foxtail millet for drought (12 families), cold (34 families), salinity (32 families); and in green gram for drought (12 families), for cold (33 families) and for salinity (32 families) stress responsive Fig 5.12. Evolutionary relationship of pigeonpea CDPKs transcription factors have been identified. with Arabidopsis Linking genetic and genomic resources information of Vigna and Phaseolus species : 5.4.9 Identification of non-synonymous SNPs Databases were developed on taxonomy, genetic (nsSNP) in pigeonpea : Non-synonymous SNPs resources (genebank and accession ID) and genomic (nsSNP) identified in pigeonpea have been cross resources (nucleotide, EST and protein) of all species validated using publically available resources and their of genera Vigna and Phaseolus. An interactive portal effect on structural and functional aspects of proteins (beta stage) has been made available at studied. 3-D structure of proteins was constructed using www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/cwr. homology modelling approaches using modeller 9.15. Effect of nsSNP induced SAP (Single Amino acid Polymorphism) on protein stability was studied by calculating the mutation energy using discovery studio. SAP and its impact on protein folding were studied in relation with different pH gradient. These two indices would help ascertaining effectiveness of single mutation of functional aspects of protein. A representative study of identified nsSNP in S-adenosyl methionine synthetase genes from pigeonpea have been shown here. S- Fig 5.13. Databases on taxonomy, genetic and genomic adenosyl methionine synthetase is involved in synthesis resources of all species of genera Vigna and Phaseolus of co-substrate (S-Adenosyl methionine) and is considered the rate-limiting step of the methionine cycle. 5.4.11 Microsatellite database development for nsSNP in S-adenosyl methionine synthetase gene leads medicinal plants (Tinospora cardifolia and to replacement of amino acid alanine (non-polar) with Andrographis paniculata) : Gene-based SSR’s (EST- threonine (polar) at 297th position. Mutation energy SSR) application in understanding gene regulation and calculated using discovery studio showed that the genome evolution is being extensively studied. mutation would make the protein unstable and thus likely Considering SSR’s wide application, we have developed affect its function. Folding energy of the wild type and TinoTranscriptDB and ApTranscriptDB (Fig 5.14 &
68 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 5.15); both are user-friendly web based relational database of microsatellites generated from entire transcriptome.
Fig 5.16. PCR profile for pentaplex PCR assay simultaneously targeting four transgenic elements, namely, P-35S, T-nos, nptII, pat and an endogenous Sad1genefor screening of GM events in cotton
Fig 5.14. Database of microsatellites generated from entire transcriptome (TinoTranscriptDB) elements and 56 cotton events with 44 genetic elements, were developed. As per the compiled information in the matrix, frequently present genetic elements were identified using GMOSeek algorithm. Based on the cost- efficiency, feasibility of plexing and coverage of GM events, multiplex PCR based screening assays (tetraplex PCR for maize and pentaplex for cotton) were developed.The reported multiplex PCR assays could efficiently screen 95% of maize and 93% of cotton events approved globally. The developed GMO matrices in combination with multiplex PCR could facilitate checking the GM status of seed samples, monitoring for presence of authorized GMOs supply chain, and this approach can be easily employed by low resource GM Fig 5.15. Database of microsatellites generated from testing laboratories in the developing countries. entire transcriptome (Ando TranscriptDB) 5.6.2 GMO screening technology based on visual 5.5 National Genomic Resources Repository loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) : Visual LAMP assays targeting three marker genes, A total of 4,552 genomic accessions are added to the phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase (pat), database (including accessions deposited from Jan. to phosphomannose isomerase (pmi), andred fluorescent Dec., 2015) representing 21 crops (bottle guard, protein (ds-Red2) were developed. On visual LAMP, Brassica, brinjal, capsicum, chickpea, cotton, lentil, maize, the positive samples turned green on addition of SYBR pea, pearl millet, pigeon pea, rice, safflower, sorghum, Green 1, whereas, negative samples remained orange. soybean, tomato, Vigna and wheat). A total of 187 genomic resources from the above listed collection were submitted to Tissue Culture and Cryo Preservation Unit for cryo-conservation.
5.6 Marker Development for GM Detection
5.6.1 Crop-specific GMO matrices for screening of globally commercialized GM cotton and maize events : Crop-specific GMO matrices of 199 GM Fig 5.17. Visual LAMP assays for detection of pmi events, comprising 143 GM maize events with 75 genetic marker gene. Green color indicates positive samples
DIVISION OF GENOMIC RESOURCES 69 Visual LAMP assay for pmi and ds-Red2 genes have been developed for the first time.
5.6.3 Monitoring adventitious presence of transgenes in the in-situ/ex-situ collections of brinjal, cotton and okra : Adventitious presence of transgenes was monitored in ex-situ collections, comprising 65 accessions of brinjal, 50 accessions of cotton, 50 accessions of okra, conserved in the National Genebank using PCR/real-time PCR assays targeting CaMV35 promoter and nos terminator (Fig. 5.18). These samples were collected from the states where field trials of GM events of these crops was conducted. Prior to conducting these experiments, DNA of all test samples was checked for ensuring absence of PCR inhibitors with respective endogenous gene specific markers targeting â-fructosidase gene in brinjal, Sad1 gene in Fig 5.18. PCR and real-time PCR profiles for monitoring cotton and chloroplast tRNA gene in okra. adventitious presence of transgenes in ex-situ okra collections using nosterminator specific assays None of the samples detected presence of transgenes.
5.6.4 PCR-based testing of imported transgenic embryogenesis deactivator gene employing primers planting material : Two hundred and seven (207) specific for cre recombinase gene. None of these lines accessions of imported transgenic lines of Arabidopsis showed the presence of terminator gene technology. All thaliana (16), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (79), Glycine 207 imported accessions were also tested for presence max (1), Gossypium spp. (20), Mannihot esculenta (50) of specific transgene/promoter/ terminator/marker gene and Zea mays (41) were tested for the absence of using qualitative/quantitative PCR assays.
Programme (Code: Title and Programme Leader PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.00 Development of genomic tools for identification, protection and enhanced utilization of PGRs [KV Bhat] Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.01 Development of genomic tools for discovery and validation of genes of economic importance for enhancing the use of plant genetic resources of pulses, oilseeds and fibre crops [Rajesh Kumar, KV Bhat, J Radhamani, JK Yasin, DP Wankhede, Chet Ram and Rashmi Yadav] PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.02 Development of genomic tools for enhanced utilization of cereals [Rakesh Singh, TK Mondal, Sundeep Kumar, MC Yadav, AK Singh, R Parimalan (on deputation w.e.f. 23.6.2014) and Sheel Yadav] PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.03 Development of genomic tools for enhanced utilization of millets [Lalit Arya, Chet Ramand AK Trivedi (20.07.2015)] PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.04 Development of genomic tools for enhanced utilization of horticultural crops [AB Gaikwad, S Archak, K Joseph John, Diksha Gautam, KS Negi and M Verma] PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.05 Development of genomic tools for species delineation and genetic erosion studies in selected crops [MC Yadav, S Rajkumar, S Marla, J Radhamani, DR Pani, N Dixit, M Latha and Somnath Roy] PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.06 Establishment and maintenance of national genomic resources repository and bioinformatics facility [S Marla, KV Bhat, GJ Randhwa, MC Yadav, MK Rana, Lalit Arya, M Verma, TK Mondal, Sundeep Kumar, S Rajkumar, Rajesh Kumar, Rakesh Singh, AK Singh, JK Yasin, R Parimalan (on deputation w.e.f. 23.6.2014), Sheel Yadav, DP Wankhede, Monika Singh and Rekha Chaudhury] PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.07 Development of DNA based diagnostics for transgene detection and impact analyses of GM crops on plant biodiversity [GJ Randhawa, Monika Singh and Sushmita (w.e.f. 9.04.2015)]
70 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 PGR/GRD-BURDEL-01.08 Development of unique identity system for cultivars and genetic stocks for IPR protection [MK Rana, KV Bhat, R Parimalan (on deputation w.e.f. 23.6.2014), Rakesh Singh, AB Gaikwad, TK Mondal, AK Singh, S Rajkumar, Rajesh Kumar, Sheel Yadav and DP Wankhede] Externally Funded Projects • Development of short duration, early maturing, high yielding, biotic and abiotic stress tolerant red gram varieties – Indo- Swiss Collaboration in Biotechnology (Yasin JK) • National Containment/Quarantine Facility for Transgenic Planting Material; Component: B- Molecular Testing, Component: Molecular Testing (Gurinder Jit Randhawa and Monika Singh) • 056-ICAR(NPTC)-DFC-RS-09- Rationalization of rice collections originating from major areas of diversity and allele mining in selected unique set of accessions for biotic, abiotic and quality traits using molecular markers. (Rakesh Singh) • 084-DST-DFC-SK-012- Mapping and validation of QTLS for component traits officiated with terminal heat tolerance in wheat (Sundeep Kumar) • 086-DBT-DFC-TKM-013- Identification and characterization of zinc responsive genes in maize (Zea mays) by RNA Sequencing. (TK Mondal) • 097-SERB-DGR-AKS-014- Identification and analysis of SNP haplotypes in HKT family transporter genes of wheat for their association to salt tolerance. (AK Singh) • National initiative on climate resilient agriculture (NICRA) for the XII Plan. (MC Yadav)
DIVISION OF GENOMIC RESOURCES 71 DIVISION OF GERMPLASM CONSERVATION 6
Summary: A total of 30,912 accessions of germplasm including varieties to be notified and released and trait-specific registered germplasm of various crops were received for long-term conservation in the National Genebank. These were processed following the genebank standards, adding another 11,581 accessions of different agri-horticultural crops to the base collection raising the total germplasm holding to 4,19,312. Of the conserved accessions, a total of 6,551 were new and 5,030 accessions were received after regeneration. Monitoring of germination and seed quantity in stored germplasm (12,303 accessions) and distribution (59,043) for evaluation/regeneration/research/characterization were the other priority activities. The germplasm supplied included those sent for multiplication and characterization (39,783) under the Consor- tium Research Project on Agrobiodiversity (CRP-AB). Supportive research directed towards understanding and manipula- tion of factors that prolong the storage life of seeds in a cost-effective manner and overcoming seed germination problems continued. Seeds of 19 crops belonging to different crop groups and conditioned to ~7% moisture were monitored after three years of storage at four storage regimes viz. long-term storage module (at -180C), inside the storage chamber at Chang La, outside the chamber and at Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh. Analysis of the data on germination indicated that storability of seeds stored inside the Chang La module was at par with the long term storage conditions in the National Genebank. Studies on seed dormancy breaking of Melochia corchorifolia and wild rice viz. Oryza nivara and Oryza 0 rufipogon were carried out. Hot water treatment at 70 C for 10 min. for Melochia corchorifolia and co-application of GA3 to
deglumed seeds of Oryza nivara and Oryza rufipogon were found to be the most effective treatments. Employing the in- house developed R package PGRdup, probable duplicate sets of accessions were identified on the basis of passport data of groundnut and rice collections at NBPGR as well as other major global collections.
6.1 Germplasm Augmentation (including 10,771 trial material and 10,235 accessions as safety duplicates of lentil and pigeonpea). Accessions A total of 30,912 germplasm accessions of various agri- received after regeneration (5,030) comprised cereals horticultural crops were received for long-term (559), pulses (390), fibre crops (373), oilseeds (3,139), conservation in the National Genebank; 11,581 vegetables (103), millets (258), medicinal and aromatic accessions qualified for conservation as per the plants (139) and spices and condiments (69). Exotic 0 genebank standards and were conserved at –18 C as germplasm (5,849 accessions) comprising of crop groups, base collections. Of the conserved accessions a total of namely, cereals (2,704), grain legumes (1,516), oilseeds 6,551 were new and 5,030 accessions were received (06), vegetables (1,402), fibre and forages (132), after regeneration. Accessions of various crops which ornamental (66) and others (23) was stored as reference were received with limited seed quantity (approximately, samples in the MTS module. 12,153) were stored in MTS as they did not qualify the genebank standards for LTS which will be multiplied subsequently. Approximately, 7,178 accessions are under processing.
The details of conserved germplasm are depicted in Fig.6.1. Cereals comprised a major portion (37%) of the accessions added to the genebank while 15% germplasm was of oilseeds, 12% of legumes, 8% of millets, 6% each of forages and vegetables, 5% each of fibre crops and ornamentals, and 3% each of pseudo- cereals and spices and condiments. These figures also include released varieties (165) and genetic stocks (71). The crop-wise details of the various accessions added to the genebank are listed in Table 6.1. The total germlasm holdings in the National Genebank has Fig 6.1. Crop group-wise accessions added to the genebank for long-term conservation increased to 4,19,312; representing 1,778 species
72 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Table 6.1. Status of germplasm holdings in the base collection (-18°C) at National Genebank (as on December 31, 2015)
Crop Group No. of acc. conserved during Present January 1– December 31, 2015 status of Regenerated New No. of total acc. accessions* species conserved Cereals 559 2,412 110 1,58,714 Millets 258 486 18 52,471 Forages 0 401 175 6,688 Pseudocereals 0 187 40 7,116 Legumes 390 758 82 64,771 Oilseeds 3,139 945 71 57,685 Fibre crops 373 345 59 13,099 Vegetables 103 407 182 25,047 Fruits & Nuts 0 0 63 272 Medicinal, Aromatic plants & Narcotics 139 354 650 7,274 Ornamental 0 22 116 632 Spices and Condiments 69 224 26 2,896 Agroforestry 0 10 186 1,641 Safety Duplicate Samples (Lentil and Pigeonpea) 0 0 0 10,235 Trial Material (Wheat and Barley) 0 0 0 10,771 Total 5,030 6,551 1,778 4,19,312
country of origin, pedigree, year of release, developing institute and specific traits of released cultivars/hybrids. 6.2 Documentation and Database Management 6.3 Monitoring of Germplasm Data pertaining to 11,581 accessions of different agri- horticultural crops conserved in the base collection was Germplasm conserved in the long-term storage documented. In addition data of about 4.19 lakh conditions for 10 years or more (12,303 accns.) were accessions, ported to new web-enabled genebank monitored for seed viability and seed quantity to ensure database system, was corrected and updated in the PGR the status of the conserved germplasm as per the Portal. These corrections were regarding various fields genebank standards. The details of the viability tests like taxonomic identity, biological status, crop curator, are given in Table 6.2. The accessions showing less than national identity number of the accession, location, 85% germination are being regenerated to replace fresh seeds in the genebank.
Table 6.2. Details of the monitoring of viability of germplasm conserved in LTS for >10 Years
Crop Numbers of accessions Initial viability Present viability No. of accessions tested for viability showing germination <85% Paddy 3,277 80-100 8-100 597 Barley 1,478 68-100 60-100 124 Maize 500 84-100 74-100 47 Foxtail millet 152 86-100 80-100 2 Proso millet 268 84-100 80-100 2 Little millet 205 90-100 86-100 - Amaranth 890 80-100 20-100 109 Coriander 39 80-86 70-85 - Buckwheat 154 92-100 80-100 3 Chenopod 6 80-100 80-96 - Tomato 207 70-100 40-100 51 Onion 112 70-100 30-100 22 Brinjal 305 70-100 40-100 14 Watermelon 150 70-100 40-100 16 Carrot 92 70-90 20-80 20
DIVISION OF GERMPLASM CONSERVATION 73 Methi 131 70-100 40-100 10 Jute 686 85-100 60-100 302 Roselle 349 85-100 80-100 44 Kenaf 316 85-100 40-100 144 Oats 257 85-100 70-100 257 Cotton 22 65-100 40-100 04 Jute 19 85-100 85-100 - Sunhemp 65 85-100 80-100 04 Clover 213 85-100 85-100 - Lentil 1,265 80-100 34-100 181 Castor 150 92-100 85-100 - Linseed 100 90-100 80-100 5 Niger 100 90-100 90-100 - Safflower 100 88-100 85-98 - Sesame 100 80-100 75-100 5 Soybean 100 80-100 60-100 8 Sunflower 200 90-100 85-100 - Forages species 295 20-100 20-100 - Total 12,303 1,971 6.4 Distribution of Germplasm for Characterization, Regeneration and Utilization
A total of 59,043 accessions were distributed for various purposes. Most of the accessions were distributed for regeneration, characterization and evaluation. The details are given in Table 6.3.
Table 6.3. Distribution of germplasm of different crops for various purposes Crops (no. of accessions) Purpose No. of accns. Paddy (14,000), maize (2,792), wheat (1,576), soybean (1,000), Characterization/ 55,253* groundnut (1,437), Brassica (9,422), safflower (2,800), sesame (1000), Multiplication cowpea (819), chickpea (2,776), pigeonpea (2,550), finger millet (1,085), foxtail millet (810), barnyard millet (840), sorghum (5,244),okra (500 ), chilli (719), watermelon (350), brinjal (460), tomato (1,152), okra (500), bitter gourd(150), bottle gourd (400), carrot (108) ,cabbage (330), onion (450), cucumber (114), amaranth (50), Indian spinach (35), chilli (719), coriander (847), Andrographis paniculata (89),Withania somnifera (129) Crotalaria (291), Hibiscus (84), cotton (37) Multiplication 412 Chickpea (391) Evaluation 391 Paddy (43), pigeonpea (1,541), mung bean (125), wheat (258), maize (714), Research 2,987 onion (200), Coix (42), Basella (33), Vitex negundo (16), Decalepis (5), poppy(10) Total 59,043 *Figure includes those characterized under CRP-AB.
6.5 Supportive Research the data on germination percentage indicated that storability of seeds stored inside the Chang La module was at par 6.5.1 Conservation of seed at Chang-La (naturally with the LTS conditions in National Genebank. And both cold low energy conservation conditions): these sites were better for seed storability than DIHAR, Storability of seeds of 19 crops belonging to different Leh and Chang La outside chamber. crop groups was assessed (by testing seed viability and vigor) after three years of conservation at four 6.5.2 Dormancy breaking protocols : Knowledge on regimes of temperature viz. at -180C, at NBPGR, seed germination requirement is an important factor for inside the storage chamber at Chang La, outside the seed testing, multiplication or regeneration and even their chamber at Chang La (naturally cold low energy use in crop improvement programme. Following studies conservation conditions) and at Defence Institute of were carried out for developing the protocols for breaking High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh. Analysis of seed dormancy:
74 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Melochia corchorifolia: Melochia corchorifolia seeds 6.3), foxtail millet. Barnyard millet, cotton, safflower, collected from Odisha exhibited physical dormancy due Andrographis paniculata and Withania somnifera. to hard seededness. In order to determine the most suitable method to reduce the hard seeds and promote rapid and uniform germination, seeds were subjected to hot water treatment at different temperatures and duration. Soaking seeds in water at 70oC for 10 min was found most effective in breaking dormancy and germination increased from 7 to 96% in two genotypes. Besides germination, seedling vigour, vigour index and electrolyte leakage were also significantly higher in the treated seeds than in untreated seeds.
Wild rice: Thirty wild rice accessions comprising Oryza nivara (28 accessions) and O. rufipogon (2 accessions) received for long-term storage which failed Fig 6.2. Okra germplasm at ICAR-IIVR, Varanasi to germinate under normal conditions of testing were subjected to various physical treatments such as exposure to 50oC for 7 days, hot-water treatment at 500C for 15-30 minutes, manual removal of seed covering
structures (degluming), GA3 (0.03M) treatment (co- application to deglumed seeds) and storage of untreated seeds at room temperature for 90 days. Of these treatments, co-application of GA3 to deglumed seeds and storage of seeds at room temperature for 90 days were highly effective in alleviating the dormancy of various accessions resulting in final germination of 50 - 100% in various accessions of wild rice species viz. O. nivara and O. rufipogon. Fig 6.3. Finger millet being evaluated at ARS, 6.5.3 Characterization, multiplication and Vizianagaram, AP evaluation under CRP on Agrobiodiversity : Consortium Research Platform on Agrobiodiversitiy (CRP-AB) is under operation with ICAR-NBPGR as Lead Centre. During 2015, a total of 39,783 germplasm accessions of agri-horticultural crops were multiplied and characterized for 25-30 descriptors. Of these, 34,899 accessions belonging to cereals, millets, legumes, oilseeds, fibres, medicinal & aromatic plants, spices & condiments and vegetables were multiplied and characterized during Kharif season and remaining 4,884 accessions belonging to cereals, oilseeds and spices are being multiplied and characterized during Rabi season. About 5,125 accessions of rice, okra, rapeseed-mustard and finger millet were evaluated for biotic (fungal, bacterial, viral diseases) and abiotic stresses (drought, salt, temperature). Monitoring of the germplasm accessions being characterized/ evaluated at different centres was done for 16 crops viz. paddy, pigeonpea, okra (Fig. 6.2), chilli (Fig. 6.4), tomato, bottle gourd, Fig 6.4. Erect cluster bearing fruit type in chilli at cabbage, brinjal (Fig. 6.5), sorghum, finger millet (Fig. ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru
DIVISION OF GERMPLASM CONSERVATION 75 In case of rice, preliminary retrieval of probable duplicate sets revealed that within NGB in NBPGR, 18,892 accessions out of the total 91,138 (20%) were found to belong to 5,485 probable duplicate sets and across the major global collections of groundnut germplasm whose passport data is available in Genesys (IRRI, USDA etc.) 1,02,358 accessions out of the total 3,14,668 (31%) were found to belong to 31,662 probable duplicate sets. The clerical review of these sets is under progress.
Such investigations can give an indication of the redundancy existing within and across crop germplasm collections. Once probable duplicate sets are identified, they can be validated on the basis of morphological as well as molecular data. Such redundancy estimation can further help in prioritization of resource intensive activities involved in management of germplasm collections.
Fig 6.5. Cluster bearing fruit type in brinjal at 6.6 Plant Germplasm Registration ICAR-IIVR, Varanasi Germplasm with unique traits are registered with the 6.5.4 Identification of probable duplication across objective of recognizing the efforts of scientists who global germplasm collections based on passport have developed or identified promising germplasm data: Employing the in-house developed R package (including parent or inbred lines), to safeguard the PGRdup, efforts were undertaken to detect probable national germplasm resources with respect to intellectual duplicate sets of accessions from the passport database property rights and to facilitate flow of germplasm among of groundnut and rice germplasm collections conserved the scientists working in the crop improvement at National Genebank (NGB), ICAR-NBPGR, New programmes. Three meetings of Plant Germplasm Delhi as well as other major global germplasm collections. Registration Committee (PGRC) were held at NBPGR, New Delhi and a total of 176 proposals (115 new and In case of groundnut, retrieval of probable duplicate sets 61 revised) were considered for registration. Of these, of accessions followed by clerical review of the identified 64 (37 new and 27 revised) proposals belonging to 32 sets to manually validate the accuracy of the retrieved species were approved for registration. Some notable sets revealed that within NGB in NBPGR, 2,991 registered germplasm were: rice with open florets accessions out of the total 12,597 (23%) were found to and for resistance to leaf and neck blast; wheat for belong to 1,102 probable duplicate sets. Similarly, across high gluten index (86%); barley with high antioxidant the major global collections of groundnut germplasm activity; garden pea with triple pods at every node; and whose passport data is available in Genesys (ICRISAT, cotton for high ginning out-turn. The details of crop- USDA etc.) 29,488 accessions out of the total 41,516 group-wise germplasm registered for unique trait(s) are (71%) were found to belong to 8,274 probable duplicate given in Table 6.4. sets. Table 6.4. Details of the germplasm registered and conserved in LTS Crops groups Current status of registered Number of registered germplasm germplasm (Jan. to Dec., 2015) Cereals & Pseudo-cereals 424 28 Millets 78 - Grain Legumes 100 10 Oilseeds 129 01 Fibres and Forages 76 08 Vegetables 98 06 Fruits and Nuts 59 -
76 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 M&AP and Spices 50 03 Commercial crops 158 03 Ornamentals 43 04 Tubers 29 01 Agro-forestry 03 - Total 1,247 64
Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01.00: Ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources of agricultural and horticultural crops using conventional methods (RK Tyagi) Research projects (Code: Title, PI, Co PIs and Associates) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01.01: Management of information and national germplasm conservation network and associated research (RK Tyagi, Anjali Kak, Sunil Archak, BP Dahiya, Rajvir Singh, Rita Rani, Smita Jain and Rajiv Gambhir) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-02: Conservation of grain legume germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associated research (Neeta Singh, Chitra Pandey and Sherry Rachel Jacob) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-03: Conservation of paddy germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associated research (Kalyani Srinivasan, RK Tyagi, J Aravind, Sherry Rachel Jacob and AD Sharma) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-04: Conservation of oilseed germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associated research. (J Radhamani, J Aravind and Neeta Singh) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-05: Conservation of cereal germplasm excluding paddy and agro-forestry species, using conventional seed storage methods and associated research (Sherry Rachel Jacob, K Srinivasan and J Radhamani) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-06: Conservation of pseudo-cereals, medicinal and aromatic plant, narcotic and spices germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associated research (Veena Gupta and Anjali Kak) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-07: Conservation of millets germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associated research (Sushil Pandey and Chitra Pandey) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-08: Conservation of forage and fibre germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associated research (Anjali Kak and Veena Gupta) PGR/GCN-BUR-DEL-01-09: Conservation of vegetable germplasm using conventional seed storage methods and associated research (Chitra Devi Pandey, Neeta Singh and Sushil Pandey)
Externally-funded projects Implementation of PVP legislation: National plant variety repository (Kalyani Srinivasan) Establishment of national rice resources database (Kalyani Srinivasan, Rakesh Singh and Sunil Archak)
DIVISION OF GERMPLASM CONSERVATION 77 TISSUE CULTURE AND CRYOPRESERVATION UNIT 7
Summary: During the year, a total of 1,900 accessions belonging to fruit crops, bulb and tuber crops, medicinal, aromatic and rare/endangered plants, spices, plantation and industrial crops, and others were conserved as in vitro cultures, under culture room conditions (25±20C; 16/8h) and/or at low temperature (40C). The average subculture duration ranged from 2-24 months, depending on the species/genotype. In Piper betel and P. nigrum cv. subhakara, subculture duration could be extended to 24 weeks following manipulation of basal medium along with lower concentration of BAP. Cryopreservation experiments using vitrification, encapsulation-dehydration or droplet vitrification technique led to varying degree of pre-and/ or post-freezing success in Allium spp., Curcuma longa, Dahlia cv., Dioscorea bulbifera, Rauvolfia serpentina and Vaccinium ovatum. A total of 23 accessions comprising Allium spp. (9), Musa sp. (10), Rubus hybrid (1) and Vaccinium spp. (3) were cryostored as shoot tips or meristems. A total of 537 accessions comprising fruits, spices, industrial crops, millets, veg- etables, medicinal crops, legumes and cereals were cryostored as seeds, embryonic axes along with genomic resources during the year, totaling 11,624 accessions in the cryogenebank. Periodic testing for viability of more than 200 accessions of orthodox and non-orthodox seeds and 40 accessions of underutilized fruit species revealed retention of original viability in most of the accessions, after 4-10 years of cryostorage.
7.1 In Vitro Conservation and Cryopreservation made to resuscitate the cultures and success was achieved in 15 accessions of M. acuminata and eight During the year, 14 accessions were added in the accessions of M. balbisiana. Suitable modifications of In Vitro Genebank (IVGB) including: Allium chinense medium (growth regulators) were done to obtain (1), A. tuberosum (1), Artocarpus lakoocha (1), proliferation in these cultures. These accessions contain Curcuma amada (1), Fragaria x vesca (1), Gentiana some very useful genes for biotic and abiotic stresses. kurroo (1), Hypericum perforatum (1), Prunus armeniaca (1), Pyrus communis (2), Zingiber Cryopreservation of proliferating meristems of Musa cassumunar (3) and Z. zerumbet (1). A total of 1900 using droplet freezing was continued and 10 accessions accessions belonging to different crop groups were were cryobanked this year. maintained in vitro and subcultured at periodic intervals (Table 7.1).
Table 7.1. Status of in vitro-conserved germplasm (as on December 31, 2015) Crop group Genera (no.) Species (no.) Cultures (no.) Accessions (no.) Tropical Fruits (banana) 1 14 10,000 420 Temperate and Minor Fruits (apple, apricot, blackberry, 10 42 7,500 315 blueberry, pear and strawberry) Tuber crops (sweet potato, yam and taro) 5 12 10,000 604 Bulbous and other crops (garlic and gladiolus) 4 12 3,300 171 Medicinal and aromatic plants (species of Coleus, 21 28 4,000 155 Rauvolfia, Tylophora and Valeriana)
7.1.1 Tropical fruits: In vitro conservation of Musa 7.1.2 Bulb and other crops: In vitro conservation of germplasm (420 accessions, in the form of ~ 10,000 171 accessions (active and base collection) was cultures) was undertaken as per protocols standardized continued. Subculture frequency and protocol applied in previous years. An important aspect undertaken this depended on species/ genotype. A total of six accessions year was the rescue and multiplication of 37 accessions including Allium chinense (3), A. sativum (1) and A. of wild species of banana (M. acuminata and M. tuberosum (2) were procured from various sources. balbisiana) in the form of 74 culture tubes. The During the period under report, one accession each of germplasm was obtained from the Musa International A. chinense and A. tuberosum were added in the IVGB. Transit Centre (ITC), Leuven, Belgium, indented by ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru under an SMTA. Due to a Cryopreservation experiments continued in Dahlia prolonged transit, the germplasm was received in cultures using vitrification technique. Following incubation suboptimal growth conditions. Concerted efforts were of shoot tips (excised from mother cultures maintained
78 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 on shoot multiplication medium and pre-grown on high The correct identification of Allium clarkei Hook.f. sucrose at 250C) with loading solution (MS+2M reported earlier, and established in the IVGB, is glycerol+0.4M sucrose), cryopreseved shoot tips Nothoscordum gracile (Aiton) Stearn (syn. A exhibited 10% post-thaw regrowth with 20 mins PVS2 inodorum auct.) [Pandey et al. (2015) Indian J. Plant dehydration. To improve regrowth after LN freezing, Genet. Resour. 28(3): 351-355]. droplet vitrification technique was also tested with shoot tips and nodal segment explants. There was improved 7.1.3 Medicinal, aromatic and rare/endangered post-thaw regrowth of shoot tips (20% compared with plants: In vitro maintenance of existing cultures of 155 10% using vitrification protocol) and nodal segment accessions (~4000 cultures) was achieved through periodic subculture and resterilization (2-24 months) either explants (20% compared with 0% using vitrification 0 protocol). under culture room conditions (25±2 C; 16/8h) or at low temperature (40C). Employing vitrification technique, cryopreservation protocol developed thus far in A. chinense (exposure of During the year, one accession each of Gentiana kurroo mother cultures and also pre-growth of in vitro shoot and a species under new genera, Hypericum perforatum base explants on high sucrose at 50C) was applied to was added in the IVBG. Two accessions of Hedychium another accession. Post-thaw regeneration was 20% spp. were procured (from ICAR-NBPGR Base Centre, following PVS2 dehydration for 30 mins. With the use Cuttack) and processed for in vitro introduction. In of droplet vitrification protocol, there was improved Kaempferia galanga, the earlier standardized technique (35%) post-thaw shoot regrowth compared with 20% of in vitro rhizome induction was successfully applied using vitrification protocol. to three more accessions. Following hardening, 600 in vitro plantlets of aforementioned species were In continuation of efforts to improve regrowth after LN transferred to soil under net house conditions. In K. freezing in A. hookeri, variation in pretreatment rotundata, induction of rhizomes was observed in field- strategies continued. Explants isolated from mother transferred plants following high sucrose treatment. cultures maintained on high sucrose medium at 250C and pregrown on high sucrose at 250C or 50C showed In Rauvolfia serpentina, cryopreservation experiments about 20% post-thaw regrowth with 20 mins PVS2. continued using vitrification technique. Cultures were O However, with preconditioning of mother cultures on high cold-acclimated at 22 ± 5 C (16/8h) for 2-6 months. sucrose and at 50C, explants exhibited 10% post-thaw Non-frozen shoot tips exhibited 100-20% recovery regeneration with pregrowth at 250C and only 15% following PVS2 dehydration (with or without LS) for O O survival with pregrowth at 50C. Thus, exposure of mother 10-120 min at 5 C or 25 C. cultures or pregrowth of explants at low temperature 7.1.4 Spices, plantation and industrial crops: A total was not beneficial in improving post-freezing regrowth. of 235 accessions (in the form of ~5,000 cultures) In A. ramosum, experiments continued employing comprising Zingiber spp. (75), Curcuma spp. (123), vitrification technique. Following pregrowth (on high Piper spp. (8), Elettaria cardamomum (5), Vanilla sucrose medium at 50C) of smaller shoot base explants planifolia (4), Simmondsia chinensis (12) and Humulus (1.0 × 1.2 mm), excised from mother cultures (maintained lupulus (8) were conserved in the IVGB. Depending on high sucrose medium, at 50C), there was improved upon the genotype, the average subculture period ranged 0 (30%) post-thaw shoot regrowth compared with 20% from 6-12 months under 8/16 h photoperiod at 25 ± 2 C. using larger (1.2 × 1.2 mm) explants. During the year, a total of five accessions comprising Using droplet-vitrification technique, cryopreservation Zingiber cassumunar (3), Z. zerumbet (1) and C. experiments continued with 35 accessions of A. sativum. amada (1) were added to the IVGB. Preliminary results analyzed so far, indicated that average The bacterial strain, contaminating three accessions post-thaw survival of shoot tips (isolated from cloves) (EC432612, IC248825 and IC248829) of ginger in vitro ranged from 40-100% and shoot regrowth varied from cultures, was identified as Luteibacter yeojuensis 0-65%. (through amplification and sequencing of 16S ribosomal For long term conservation, cryobanking was initiated in DNA, followed by partial sequence analysis). Addition 9 accessions (2 or 3 replicates each) which included A. of 100 mg l-1 cephotaxime to shoot multiplication medium sativum (7), A. tuberosum (1) and A. chinense (1). reduced bacterial contamination.
TISSUE CULTURE AND CRYOPRESERVATION UNIT 79 Following identification of bacteria in C. longa and LN treatment, respectively. Regenerated plants were (EC423107) and C. caesia (IC573925) cultures, addition morphologically similar to the mother cultures. -l -l of 30 mgl of CuSO4.5H2O and 100 mgl of Streptomycin sulphate(R) to shoot multiplication medium facilitated Using encapsulation-dehydration protocol, one accession recovery of contamination-free cultures as monitored of Rubus hybrid and three accessions of Vaccinium spp. through indexing for the next two subcultures. were cryobanked. In Piper betel and P. nigrum cv. Subhakara, subculture 7.1.6 Tuber crops: In vitro maintenance of existing duration could be extended from 8 to 24 weeks following cultures of a total of 604 accessions (~10000 cultures) use of MS basal medium (in place of B5) along with of tuber crops comprising four of Alocasia indica, 179 lower concentration (0.02 mgl-1) of BAP. of Colocasia esculenta, 154 of Dioscorea spp., 257 of Ipomoea batatas and 10 of Xanthosoma sagittifolium Total oleoresin (%) was estimated in 25 accessions of was carried out through periodic subculture and in vitro hardened Curcuma rhizomes. Results revealed resterilization (4-12 months) under culture room maximum (3.98%) oleoresin in C. longa cv. NDH-98 conditions. and minimum (0.540%) in C. longa (IC22575) collected from North-East. The 13 accessions of C. longa Experiments were carried out during the year to develop germplasm collected from six states of India viz., Shillong, in vitro propagation protocol in D. batatas and D. Odisha, Bihar, Himachal Pradesh, Hyderabad and nipponica. Using Murashige and Skoog’s (MS) medium, Andhra Pradesh exhibited vast variation (0.540 to 3.31%) 25 combinations of growth regulators were tested. In in oleoresin content. both the species, multiple shoots were obtained on MS + BAP + NAA. Induction of in vitro tubers was observed Using vitrification technique, efforts continued in C. in D. batatas and upon transfer to MS basal medium, longa to develop cryopreservation protocol. In vitro shoot they formed plantlets. Experiments were continued to bud explants, (excised from mother cultures maintained identify the bacteria prevailing in taro cultures. Out of on 3% sucrose at 25±20C), pregrown on high sucrose six bacterial colonies identified, four bacterial strains were (0.3M) for 72 h exhibited 40-50% survival following Paenibacillus spp. and two were Ralstonia
PVS2 dehydration for 20-90 min at 0°C. None of the solanacearum. explants survived after LN freezing. Using vitrification technique, cryopreservation 7.1.5 Temperate and minor tropical fruit crops: A experiments were carried out with five accessions of D. total of 315 accessions (~7500 cultures) belonging to bulbifera. Shoot tips isolated from in vitro mother nine genera and 42 species were conserved as in vitro cultures showed 10-30% post-thaw survival following cultures under culture room conditions and/or at low LS treatment and PVS2 dehydration for 90 mins. temperature. These are Actinidia spp. (6), Aegle marmelos (2), Artocarpous lakoocha (1), Fragaria x 7.2 Genetic Stability of In Vitro Conserved ananassa (81), Malus domestica (11), Morus spp. (61), Germplasm Prunus spp. (2), Pyrus communis (68), Rubus spp. (62) Eleven accessions of Musa cryopreserved (using droplet and Vaccinium spp. (21). The average subculture period vitrification) and regenerated in previous years, were varied from 6-12 months. During the period under report, hardened and transferred to the field for recording any five accessions viz., Prunus armeniaca (1), Fragaria phenotypic changes as compared to their tissue culture x vesca (1), P. communis (2), Artocarpus lakoocha (non-cryopreserved) control plants. These comprised (1) were added to the IVGB. four accessions of AAA genomic group (EC653580, Cryopreservation experiments continued in Vaccinium EC653578, EC653569, EC653547), six accessions of AA ovatum using encapsulation-dehydration technique. genomic group (EC653553, EC653566, EC653546, Shoot tips, excised from in vitro cultures, were pretreated EC653565, EC653557 and EC653543) and one accession with sucrose (0.3M). Following encapsulation with of M. balbisiana (EC653579). Data on vegetative and sodium alginate, osmotic dehydration with sucrose yield traits shall be recorded for first as well as ratoon (0.75M) and air desiccation (6h), shoot tips were crop. subjected to LN freezing. There was 100%, 87% and Genetic stability of in vitro cultures of seven accessions 72% regrowth after osmotic dehydration, air desiccation of C. longa (released varieties; IC564498, IC573940,
80 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 IC573944, IC137068, IC567768, IC564497 and exploration and collection trips were undertaken and 176 IC588983), conserved for more than 20 years, was done accessions of germplasm of non-orthodox seeds of using sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) different species of Citrus were collected. markers. Data revealed that conservation protocol had not affected the genetic stability of the germplasm. A total of 537 accessions were cryostored as seeds, embryonic axes and genomic resources during this period Studies were conducted on genetic diversity of 42 at temperatures between –160°C to –180°C. Cryostored accessions comprising wild species of Curcuma, C. accessions comprised fruits, spices, industrial crops, longa cultivars and C. longa germplasm collected from millets, vegetables, medicinal crops, legumes and cereals 18 states of India. Thirty six SRAP primers were including wild species and wild relatives of crop plants. screened and on the basis of amplification of distinct, clear and good reproducibility banding patterns, nineteen Studies on seed viability, moisture content, desiccation primers were selected. Detailed studies are in progress. and freezing sensitivity were conducted on seeds of Citrus sinensis (Satguri) and C. aurantifolia (Balaji), 7.3 Seed, Pollen and Dormant Bud Salvadora spp., Withania somnifera and Zizyphus Cryopreservation nummularia. Germplasm of wild species of Citrus namely C. ichangensis, C. latipes, C. megaloxycarpa, A total of 11,624 accessions comprising orthodox and C. indica and C. macroptera is being maintained as in non-orthodox (intermediate and recalcitrant) seed vitro cultures. A total of 30 accessions belonging to species were conserved in the cryogenebank (Table Citrus species were characterized for fruit and seed 7.2). A total of 557 accessions of diverse germplasm characters as per IPGRI descriptors. Periodic testing comprising fruits, industrial crops, legumes, cereals and for viability of more than 200 accessions of orthodox wild species were received and these included those and non-orthodox seeds, and 40 accessions of received from NBPGR Headquarters and Regional underutilized fruit species revealed retention of original Stations, Shimla, Shillong and Thrissur, from parts of viability in most of the accessions, after 4-10 years of Andhra Pradesh and Citrus Research Station, Tirupati cryostorage. and through exploration to Tripura. During the year, two
Table 7.2: Status of cryopreserved germplasm (as on December 31, 2015)
STATUS OF GERMPLASM AT NATIONAL CRYOBANK (as on 31st December 2015) Categories Accessions (no.) Recalcitrant & Intermediate Fruits and nuts 3,139 Spices and condiments 152 Plantation crops 22 Agro forestry and forestry 1,644 Industrial crops 1,328 Medicinal and aromatic plants 11 Total 6,296 Orthodox Cereals 253 Millets and forages 289 Pseudo-cereals 76 Grain legumes 812 Oilseeds 668 Fibers 67 Vegetables 499 Medicinal and aromatic plants 964 Narcotics and dyes 34
TISSUE CULTURE AND CRYOPRESERVATION UNIT 81 Miscellaneous 16 Total 3,678 Dormant buds 387 Pollen grains 484 Genomic resources 779 Total 11,624 Wild relatives* 1,073 Rare and endangered plants* 99 Varieties* 770 Elite lines* 4 Registered germplasm* 23 Number of species 794 *Included in respective categories stored as orthodox seeds
Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) Programme I- PGR/TCCU-BUR-01:Ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources of vegetatively propagated crops using in vitro and cryopreservation techniques (RK Tyagi) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.01:In vitro conservation of tuber crops with special reference to sweet potato, yams and taro. (Neelam Sharma, Vartika Srivastava, DK Nerwal and Ramesh Chandra) PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.02:In vitro conservation of spices, plantation and new industrial crops. (Anju Jain and RP Yadav) PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.03:In vitro conservation of bulbous and ornamental crops. (Ruchira Pandey, Neelam Sharma and Ramesh Chandra) PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.04:In vitro conservation of medicinal and aromatic plants with special reference to rare and endangered species. (Neelam Sharma, Ruchira Pandey and Ramesh Chandra) PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.05:In vitro conservation of tropical fruit crop species. (Anuradha Agrawal, RK Tyagi and DPS Meena) PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.06:In vitro conservation of temperate and minor tropical fruit crops. (Sandhya Gupta and JC Rana) PGR/TCCU-BUR-01.07:Studies on genetic integrity of conserved germplasm. (RK Tyagi, Anju Jain, J Aravind and DK Nerwal) Programme II PGR/TCCU-BUR-02:Ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources of agricultural and horticultural crops using cryopreservation of seeds, dormant buds and pollen (Rekha Chaudhury) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, Co PIs and Associates)
PGR/TCCU-BUR-02.01: Cryopreservation of non-orthodox and orthodox seed species in various forms using standard protocols. (Rekha Chaudhury, SK Malik and AP Singh) PGR/TCCU-BUR-02.02: Investigating desiccation and freezing tolerance in non-orthodox seed species, dormant buds and pollen for cryopreservation. (SK Malik, Rekha Chaudhury and Vartika Srivastava)
82 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 PGR POLICY PLANNING UNIT 8
Summary: The PGR Policy Planning unit is functioning at ICAR-NBPGR since 1996 with the objectives of documenting and collecting literature on concurrent international and national developments concerning plant genetic resources and related fields such as bio-safety, germplasm utilization, exchange and quarantine. Provided analytical inputs as per requirements of the policy makers for negotiations and formulations of policies at various national and international levels on issues related to PGR management.
8.1 PGR Management and Related Policy 8.1.3 Commission on Genetic Resources for Food Issues and Agriculture (CGRFA): Inputs were provided on the Summary Report of CGRFA (14th regular session) 8.1.1 National Action Plan for Genetic Resources and for 15th regular session of CGRFA held in Rome, Management in India: A set of core activities viz., in Italy from 19-23 January 2015. The Commission invited situ conservation and management, ex situ conservation, countries to officially nominate a National Focal Point sustainable use, and sustainable institutional and human to lead the preparation of country reports, and to capacities as per second Global Plan of Action (GPA) communicate the name and contact details of the was proposed for redefining the National Plan of Action National Focal Point to the Secretary of the Commission. during the workshop on Redefining Priorities in the India has already conveyed NFP as Department of National Action Plan for Genetic Resources Agricultural Research and Education, Ministry of Management in India (based on the revised Global Plan Agriculture to Secretariat. of Action for Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture of the FAO-CGRFA) was jointly organized by ICAR- India successfully completed the I and II phase of the NBPGR, New Delhi and National Academy of monitoring of implementation of the GPA. The Second Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), New Delhi from GPA reflects new challenges and opportunities with December 23-24, 2014 at NAAS, New Delhi. respect to conservation and use of PGRFA and puts Based on the recommendations of the workshop the greater emphasis on sustainable use of PGRFA as means revised National Action Plan (NAP) was prepared and to enhance food security. The process of monitoring the circulated to all participants and lead discussants for their implementation of Second GPA was also initiated by inputs. The inputs received from participants were providing information in the Reporting format prepared incorporated in the National Action Plan which is by FAO, through the National Focal Point. uploaded on ICAR-NBPGR website. 8.1.4 Compilation of Information on Active 8.1.2 International Treaty on Plant Genetic Germplasm Collections available at ICAR Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA): institutes/ SAUs: For developing medium term storage Inputs were provided for the 4th meeting of the Ad Hoc (MTS) information system with data related to storage Open-ended Working Group to Enhance the Functioning of accessions of various crop germplasm important for of the Multilateral System (MLS) of Access and Benefit- food and agriculture, all ICAR institutes/SAUs were sharing (ABS) which was held from October 2-7, 2015 contacted in order to get the information on active and to the Sixth Session of the Governing Body (GB) germplasm collections available with them in a prescribed meeting of ITPGRFA from October 5-9, 2015 in Rome, format developed for the purpose. Information was Italy. Inputs were provided on the revised Standard received for about 54,137 accessions from 37 ICAR Material Transfer Agreement (draft); Structural institutes/SAUs including their Regional Research Elements for the Development of a Subscription Model/ Stations. Data was collected and updated regularly, with System, enhance user-based payments through a a purpose to facilitate sharing of the right kind of material subscription system for access to the MLS, strengthening with breeders to promote PGR utilization for crop implementation of Treaty's provisions and information improvement. for the Global Information System.
PGR POLICY PLANNING UNIT 83 8.1.5 Inputs to National Biodiversity Authority identifying potential implications in the event of a (NBA): Comments/ inputs/ views were provided for the shortfall in the Crop Trusts’ endowment and agenda under consideration by NBA for 33rd, 34th and proposing a plan submission to the Peer Review 35th Meeting of the Expert Committee on Access and Team. Consortium Office (CO), Genebanks and Benefit Sharing of the NBA held in April, June and Crop Trust recommend that core activities be October, 2015. The agenda items included cases of supported as the highest of priorities and genebanks access to genetic resources and permission for patents must achieve and maintain international standards, based on biological resources of India, revision of the stabilize running cost and full use of diversity existing ABS agreements, revision of benefit sharing explored and promoted. CO thus recommends the component and proposal of DAC seeking exemption of establishment of Germplasm Health Units (GHUs) Annex-I Crops listed under ITPGRFA. Inputs to the and upgrading for ISO accreditation and certification revised text of the Gazette Notification by MoEF&CC for high standards of operation. on providing facilitated access to the plant genetic • resources for food and agriculture to fulfil the obligations Memorandum of Understanding between PAU, of the Government of India to the ITPGRFA [SO3232 Ludhiana and University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, (E)] were provided. Pakistan regarding IPR issues. • The list of normally traded commodities (NTC) to Technical inputs to ICAR/DARE/DAC be exempted under Section 40 of the Act was revisited. Comments were sought from ICAR- The various technical inputs on issues pertaining to PGR NBPGR. Some major cereals, pulses and sought by ICAR-DARE/DAC were on: ornamentals were suggested to be included in the • Streamlining the procedure for export of germplasm list of NTC. under different categories. A checklist was • Comments on the Karnataka Transgenic and developed and the export proposals are now Genetically Modified Cotton (Seeds) Bill, 2015. recommended to ICAR/DARE with the checklist. • Comments on the discussion note from DBT for 8.2 Policy Issues Related to Biosecurity revisiting certain provisions of the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. The issue of definition of ‘Non- 8.2.1 Inputs provided to ICAR/ DARE, MoA/ Indians’ as per the Act was raised by DBT besides MoEF/MEA/NAAS/APAARI/APCoAB: seeking clarity on ABS issues. The definition of Non- • The Plant Quarantine (Regulation of Import into Indian entities as per the Companies Act was India) Order 2003 was thoroughly analyzed and suggested to be included. sections where revision needed were identified. • Third National Report on the Implementation of the • Undertook PRA for 34 species listed under schedule Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety during Inter- V and VI of the PQ Order 2003 for its revision. Ministerial meeting. • On establishment of South Asia Plant Protection • The common questionnaire on the role of Ministry Organization wherein several areas were identified of Law and Justice in framing/ approving the where regional collaboration and networking could provisions of International Covenants/Multilateral/ be undertaken. Broad areas were suggested for a Bilateral Treaties or Agreements for Standing more comprehensive and focused Regional effort. Committee on Personnel, Public Grievances, Law • and Justice. Inputs given for operationalizing Schedule V of the PQ Order 2003 and harmonizing it with the New • Options for funding core activities of the CGIAR Policy on Seed Development. Details were Genebanks, 2017-2021 submitted by Peer Review developed for modality of functioning of NBPGR Team for 13th Meeting of Fund Council (FC13) held with reference to wheat and rice under Schedule V at Bogor, Indonesia from April 28-29, 2015. Purpose especially on the treatments to be given. of the Council meeting was funding for and • management of the CGIAR genebanks, including Inputs provided to the staff of CIARI, Port Blair Andaman and Nicobar Islands, for setting up of a
84 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Quarantine and Biosecurity facilities. A concept note • Input for inter-ministerial meeting on BWC and detailed requirements under the XII Plan were Preparatory Committee for the Eighth Review also prepared. Conference were provided regarding pest outbreaks as confidence building measures under the BWC. • Comments were given on the risk involved in import of several agricultural commodities, certain insect • Reviewed the NAAS policy paper Plant Quarantine cultures and other biocontrol agents. including Internal Quarantine Strategies in View of Onslaught of Diseases and Insect Pests (Policy • Provided inputs on the draft Fifth National Report Paper No. 44) for its follow-up action and policy on the implementation of the Cartagena Protocol on requirement. Biosafety presented in the Meeting of Parties of the CBD.
Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) PGR/PPU-BUR-DEL-01-1.00 PGR management policy and back up research (Pratibha Brahmi) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/PPU – BUR-DEL-01-01:Analysis of emerging policy issues on agro-biodiversity management and preparation of technical inputs for use by policy makers/Indian delegations at national and international meetings/ negotiations (Pratibha Brahmi, SC Dubey, JC Rana, Gurinderjit Randhawa, Veena Gupta, Kavita Gupta, VandanaTyagi, Sunil Archak, K Pradheep, Anita Pedapati and Rajeev Gambhir) PGR/PPU-BUR-DEL-01-02:Policy issues related to biosecurity (SC Dubey, Kavita Gupta, Pratibha Brahmi and Gurinderjit Randhawa)
PGR POLICY PLANNING UNIT 85 AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT UNIT 9
Summary: Agricultural Knowledge Management Unit (AKMU) is the centre of PGR Informatics activities in ICAR. AKMU has evolved from a mere service providing cell (formerly ARIS) to a unit of software and database development facilitating easy access to information and, thereby, management and utilization of PGR. In 2015, AKMU consolidated the PGR Portal by increasing information on as many as 5,161 accessions. The PGR Portal was accessed from many countries with an average number of >100 views a day in 2015. Interactive application of National Herbarium Collections and for registration of germplasm varieties were developed. Several new initiatives for making the available information and data related PGR more accessible to users were taken. Ultimately, all different tools and databases developed on pilot basis will merge into a single comprehensive PGR Portal. AKMU also maintained webservers, databases and network for a 24X7 operation.
9.1 PGR Informatics and Analytics 9.1.1 Usage statistics:As per the information obtained from Google Analytics the PGR Portal is being accessed PGR Portal: PGR Port'al is an open access information portal on plant genetic resources conserved in the globally using computers and mobile devices and via National Genebank of NBPGR. Information on as many different browsers. In 2015, PGR Portal had 39,673 page as 3,16,736 indigenous and 52,972 exotic accessions are views by 7,695 users amounting to more than 100 visits accessible in the PGR Portal now. Information on as a day. Only 7.4% sessions were from NBPGR, 15.6% many as 5,161 accessions was added in 2015. In PGR of the users were first time visitors and 84.4 % users database management, about 16,612 new accessions were returning visitors. Only 11% of the new users were allocated IC numbers. Data curation and correction accessed the portal through mobile devices. About 29.8% of about 24,000 (both IC and EC) accessions was carried of the users knew the URL, 18.9% of the users took out. Target of porting about 4 lakh data records and help of search engines and 51.3% of the users came implementation of genebank database was achieved. through referrals out of which 42% came through ICAR Data on crop groups were refined; option of new species website. It was evident that the simple technology used additions built, and additional user reports for accessing to develop PGR Portal made it very fast with average data species-wise or biological status wise were created. server connection time (<0.01 sec), average page A new feature for accessing data on core collections available with NBPGR has been added to PGR portal. download time (0.2 sec) and average page load time (6.29 sec) being very short. The related data of core collections can be accessed by selecting the crop and opting for browse core as shown 9.1.2 Genebank Dashboard: Germplasm below. conservation and maintenance of Genebank is a primary function of NBPGR. In continuation of this obligation Genebank Portal has been developed and all the related data has been digitized. The data is now available for viewing for global users in a very user friendly form. This portal gives an insight about the indigenous as well as exotic collections being maintained at the National Gene Bank as well as their biological status, location and crop group. This system is also a database management system where the data of new collections and maintained collections can be entered and edited by registered users. This system besides working as an inventory for Genebank accessions efficiently manages the related data which in turn contributes towards identifying new crops for explorations and developing Fig 9.1. Page shown when user opts for Core collection new strategies for conservation and further utilization in on home page crop improvement.
86 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 9.1.3 National herbarium for crop plants: Development of an interactive web-based application to access the herbarium database has been completed. This application available at www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/nhcp provides access to the National Herbarium of Cultivated Plants (NHCP) of ICAR-NBPGR. NHCP is one of the major Indian herbaria holding collections mainly of cultivated taxa (native or introduced) and their wild/weedy relatives. The interactive application is expected to improve the accessibility and enhance the use of herbarium remotely for the purpose of taxonomic identification and study of taxa of PGR relevance.
9.1.4 Plant quarantine decision support system (PQDSS): Under the Project “PGR Informatics” Plant Quarantine Decision support System has been developed in Visual Basic 2008 and SQL Server 2008 R2. Fig.9.4 is displaying the web form for this PQDSS. This system, having 38 fields, has been developed to retrieve need based information Fig 9.2.Home Page of National Genebank Portal from the system.
Fig 9.3. Home Page of NHCP web application
AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT UNIT 87 9.2 New Software Applications Designed
• Beta version of an interactive application called “PGR Map” was designed and developed. PGR Map can also be run on the mobile devices. PGR Map offers three benefits:
i) “What’s around me” helps to obtain quickly the accessions that have been collected and conserved in the genebank from a particular Fig 9.4. Web form for Plant Quarantine Decision Support location in India where the user is situated System ii) “Search the map” helps to obtain quickly the accessions that have been collected and conserved in the genebank from any selected location in India
iii) “Search for species” helps map the locations of collection of a crop species
• Information provided in this application is limited by the availability of geocodes of the germplasm Fig 9.5. Report of the desired query accessions collected/conserved.
Fig 9.6. Home page of PGR map
Germplasm Information as on 31-12-2015
Information System Activity Entries in 2014 Total entries PGR management system (only intranet) Indigenous Collections (IC) IC numbers allotted 16,612 5,04,740 Genebank Collections Data ported 5,629 3,97,840 Evaluation Data Data added nil 22,560 Germplasm Exchange and Quarantine Information System EC numbers allotted 41,403 8,79,924 Plant Germplasm Registration System Germplasm registered 59 1,183 ICAR Plant Variety Information System Varieties documented 73 982 (http://www.nbpgr.ernet.in/pvrs)
88 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Correction and curation of data was undertaken for ICG Generation cycle (16,725) Vernacular name and Id numbers (Groundnut: 500), Country of Origin (10,904), (4,069), species (862). 1864 unique accessions with X location (22,000), Donor id (Groundnut:4,676), as suffix and Data of 862 Brassica accessions have been corrected. Important URLs maintained on the AKMU Servers
NBPGR Homepage www.nbpgr.ernet.in PGR Portal pgrportal.nbpgr.ernet.in Import Permit and EC Data Search exchange.nbpgr.ernet.in GenebankDashboard genebank.nbpgr.ernet.in National Herbarium of Crop Plants www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/nhcp Biosystematics Portal www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/biosystematics PGR Clim www.nbpgr.ernet.in:8080/climate/ Registered Crop Germplasm www.nbpgr.ernet.in/IRCG/index.htm Multi-location Evaluation Database www.nbpgr.ernet.in/tsgi/index.htm Plant Variety Registration System www.nbpgr.ernet.in/pvrs/ Digital Library of Bruchids 202.141.12.150/bruchid-library/ NBPGR Webmail www.mail.nbpgr.ernet.in
Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) PGR/AKMUBUR-DEL-01.00 Genetic resources information (S Archak) Project (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/AKMUBUR-DEL-01.01 PGR informatics (S Archak, Shashi Bhalla (w.e.f July, 2015), Madhu Bala Priyadarshi, Rajeev Gambhir, A Pedapati, MC Singh, J. Radhamani, Rita Rani and Sushil Pandey) Externally Funded Projects • Utilization of ex situ collections and climate analogues for enhancing adaptive capacity to climate change (CCAFS funded) (S Archak) (concluded on 31.12.2015) • Development and implementation of novel algorithms and software modules for PGR informatics (ICAR National Fellowship) (S Archak)
AGRICULTURAL KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT UNIT 89 REGIONAL STATION, AKOLA 10
Summary: Two exploration programmes were undertaken and a total of 235 accessions were collected. This included collection of millets and their wild relatives from Dhule and Nandurbar districts of Maharashtra; Asiatic Vigna, wild relatives of Cajanus and Mucuna from southern Gujarat and adjoining areas. A total of 528 accessions were characterized, 251 during Rabi 2014-15 and 277 during Kharif 2015. Crop-wise accessions during Rabi 2014-15, included grain amaranth (76), linseed (113) and safflower (62), and sesame (97), foxtail millet (60), Abelmoschus tuberculatus (58) and horse gram (62) during Kharif 2015. Nearly 991 accessions of various crops/species were supplied to 19 users within India for research purpose. For multiplication, 598 accessions were received comprising 231 of wheat germplasm for screening against terminal heat tolerance (NICRA),150 of pigeon pea, mini-core chickpea (213) and Sesamum indicum (4). A total of 20,262 accns. of various crops/species germplasm comprising oilseeds (10,002), pulses (4,844), vegetables (1,876), potential crops (1,399), millets (1,433), wild relatives of crop plants (704) and others (4) are being maintained in the medium term storage.
10.1 Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection ba 10.1 Exploration and collection of millets, and their wild relatives from Dhule and Nandurbar: This exploration was undertaken in collaboration with ICAR- Indian Institute of Millets Research, Hyderabad and a total of 125 accessions were collected from 61 collection sites. Crop group-wise and species-wise collected accessions included Sorghum bicolor (39), S. halepense (2), S. purpureo-sericeum (01), Panicum miliaceum (07), Pennisetum glacum (06), Paspalum scrobiculatum (03), Echinochloa crusgalli (3), Eleusine coracana (12), Setaria italica (18), S. b verticillata (01), Echinochloa frumentacea (19), and others (14). In sorghum, five distinct races namely guinea-caudatum, guinea-bicolor, durra -caudatum, durra-guinea and durra- bicolor were collected. Ear head length of S. bicolor varied from 10.84 (War Gundani, Dhule) - 56.1 cm (Wadnear, Buldana), whereas, ear head weight (g) varied from 9.23 g (Mukthainagar, Jalgaon ) to 556.5 g (Dhamnod Nandurbar). The range for 100 seed weight was recorded from 1.65 (Khamgaon, Buldana) to 2.92 g (Somawal, Nandurbar).
10.1.2 Collection of wild Asiatic Vigna and other wild relatives from South Gujarat : Pulses Research Station, SDAU, Sardar Krushinagar, Gujarat associated in this exploration and 110 accessions were collected from 53 collection sites from ten districts of southern Gujarat. These included cultivated species Vigna mungo (35), V. radiata (26), V. unguiculata (16), V. Fig 10.1. Variability in inflorescence size, shape and colour in Sorghum bicolor collected aconitifolia (05), Cajanus cajan (03), Oryza sativa (08), Sesamum indicum (01), and wild species Vigna albicans (02), Mucuna pruriens (04), Abelmoschus trilobata (03), Cajanus scarabaeoides (03), C. tuberculatus (02) and Rhynchosia minima (02). High
90 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 yielding and YMV resistant accessions of mungbean weight (5.12 g). Accessions with determinate/ semi exhibiting hairiness, long and more number of pods, bold determinate growth habit, medium plant height, hairy seed and early maturity (45 days) were observed from pods, drought tolerance, resistant to YMV was observed Jabugam and Dhandora villages from Chotta Udaipur from Tarkhunda village from Panchmahal district. district. PTP/DC/AMP-18 was recorded for pod length of 9.88cm, 13.2 number of seeds/ pod and 100 seed 10.2 Characterization of Germplasm weight of 4.65g. YMV tolerant Vigna mungo accession A total of 528 accessions comprising 251 during Rabi PTP/DC/ AMP-26 from Khos Baswat from Chotta 2014-15 and 277 during Kharif 2015 were Udaipur was recorded for no. of pods/ cluster (3.6), pod characterized. Crop-wise accessions characterized were length (4.68cm) and no. of seeds per pod (7.2) with seed grain amaranth (77), linseed (113) and safflower (62), during Rabi 2014-15; and sesame (97), foxtail millet (60), Abelmoschus tuberculatus (58) and horse gram (62) during Kharif 2015. A total of 476 accessions comprising grain amaranth (65), chick pea (62), linseed (51), safflower (62) and wheat (236; for terminal heat tolerance under NICRA project) were grown during Rabi 2015-16. The experiments were conducted in ABD/ RBD and the morpho-agronomical characters were recorded as per the Minimal Descriptors Published by ICAR-NBPGR.
Fig 10.3. Field view of pigeonpea mini-core
Fig 10.2. Mucuna pruriens collected from South Gujarat Fig 10.4. Field view of sesame germplasm
REGIONAL STATION, AKOLA 91 (35.93cm); for panicle length IC97085 (25.12 cm), IC120213 (23.6 cm), IC120192 (22.92 cm); for 100 seed weight GM-138 (0.4g), IC97103 (0.29g), IC97167 (0.28 g) and IC97101 (0.28g).
10.2.5 Characterization of horse gram: A total 62 accessions were characterized for nine qualitative and seven quantitative traits. Quantitative traits included plant height (cm), number of primary branches, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight, and yield per plant. Promising accessions better than check value identified for pods per plant were IC139527 (61.2) and IC139331 (48.3).
10.2.6 Characterization of grain amaranth, Fig 10.5. Field view of foxtail millet germplasm buckwheat and faba bean varieties: Eleven varieties 10.2.1 Characterization of linseed: Fifty one of grain amaranth were characterized for 19 descriptors accessions collected form Himachal Pradesh and J&K at optimum growth stages for PPVFRA Project for and 62 accessions of diverse origin were characterized developing DUS test guidelines. for eight qualitative and six quantitative traits. Promising accessions better than check value from Himachal 10.2.7 All India Coordinated Research Network Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir identified for number on Potential Crops: Characterized 65 accessions of of capsules per plant were IC597275 (63.5g), IC96620 grain amaranth germplasm along with the checks GA- (62.3g); for 100 seed weight (IC96637 (0.71g), IC96631 1, GA-2, Suvarna and BGA-2 in Augmented Block and IC96633 (0.7g); for yield per plant IC96654 (3.095 Design during Rabi 2014-15 as per the minimum g) and IC96623 (3.02g). descriptor list. Promising accessions better than check were identified for different traits viz. early flowering 10.2.2 Characterization of safflower: A total of 62 IC42011 (53 days), SKGPA-118 (55 days) and SKGPA- accessions were characterized for 16 agro-morphological 122 (55 days); number of branches IC42011 (6.2), traits. Promising accessions better than check value IC95508 (5.4); inflorescence length IC95475(34.16cm), identified for capitula per plant were EC398343 (23.4), IC95481 (33.94 cm), IC95474 (33.78cm) and yield per EC398234 (22.5), EC398254 (22.3); for 100 seed weight plant IC95512 (15.61g), SKGPA -124 (12.58g) and EC398170 (14.36g), EC398234 (12.62g); and for yield IC95504 (11.79g). per plant EC398157 (61.44g) and EC398246 (56.17g). 10.2.8 Regeneration and multiplication of 10.2.3 Characterization of sesame: A total of 97 germplasm. A total of 1,576 accessions were grown accessions comprising indigenous (10) and exotic (87) for regeneration and multiplication. This included pigeon were grown during Kharif 2015 in augmented block pea mini core (150 accessions including four checks), design with four checks. Ten agro-morphological traits sesame (504), niger (583), foxtail millet (289 ) and winged were recorded. Promising accessions better than check bean (50). For screening against terminal heat tolerance value identified for plant height were EC358988 (118.02 (NICRA-NBPGR, 2015-16) 598 accessions/varieties of cm), EC355669 (115.8) and EC334963 (115.48); for germplasm comprising 231 of wheat germplasm along number of seeds per capsule EC342786 (65.4), with 5 check varieties were received 150 accessions of EC350653 (62.2), for number of capsules/ plant mini core of pigeon pea, 213 accessions of chickpea EC359000 (58.0) and EC358988 (51.4). and 4 exotic accessions of Sesamum indicum were received for multiplication. 10.2.4 Characterization of foxtail millet: A total of 60 accessions were characterized for 11 qualitative and 10.2.9 Germplasm supply: Supplied 991 accessions 10 quantitative traits. Promising accessions better than of germplasm of various crops/species to 19 user check value identified for plant height were IC97298 agencies within India for research purposes under (146.76 cm), IC97103 (146.72 cm), for flag leaf length Material Transfer Agreements. The crops/species IC91792 (40.46 cm), VS-51 (38.86 cm), L4-213 (accessions) supplied were green gram (258), horse gram
92 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 (70), grain amaranth (50), okra ( 125), wild okra (66) accessions of various crops/species germplasm winged bean (40), foxtail millet (40), finger millet (30), comprising oilseeds (10,002), pulses (4,844), vegetables Sesamum (50), wild Sesamum (10), little millet (50) and (1,876), potential crops (1,399), millets (1,433), wild Momordica charantia (02). relatives of crop plants (704) and others (4) are being maintained in the medium term storage . 10.2.10 Germplasm Maintenance: A total of 20,262
Research Programme (Code, Title, Programme Leader) PGR/GEV-BUR-AKO-01.00: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources in the Central Indian Plains [N. Dikshit (w.e.f. 24.1.2015)].
Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, Co PIs and Associates) PGR/GEV-BUR-AKO-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of pulses (pigeon pea and chickpea), vegetables (okra) and potential crops (winged bean and amaranth) (Dinesh Chand (w.e.f. 24.1.2015), N. Dikshit and M. Abdul Nizar (till 23.1.2015). PGR/GEV-BUR-AKO-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of oilseeds (sesame, niger, castor, groundnut, safflower, soybean and linseed), millets and small millets [N. Dikshit, Dinesh Chand and M. Abdul Nizar (till 23.1.2015)].
REGIONAL STATION, AKOLA 93 REGIONAL STATION, BHOWALI 11
Summary: A total of six-crop specific explorations under National Exploration Programme (3) and externally funded projects (3) were undertaken and 127 accns. were collected comprising of oilseeds (35), Allium (28), fruits (26) and M & AP (38) from remote areas of Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarakhand. A total of 24 accessions were received for regeneration, characteriza- tion and maintenance. Some of the elite seed samples and live-rooted plant material viz., horticultural crops (1254); M & AP and WEUP (551) were supplied to different farmers/ indentors. A total of 979 accessions were supplied to scientists across the country and 143 accessions were deposited in National Genebank for long term conservation.
11.1 Plant Exploration and Germplasm externally funded projects to different parts of Collection Uttarakhand, and Ladakh region of Jammu & Kashmir, and a total of 127 different germplasm comprising of A total of six explorations were undertaken, three under oilseeds, Allium and M & AP were collected. National Exploration Programme and three under
Table 11.1. Explorations undertaken during the year 2015
S. Crop/Crop Period Team Collaborating Areas Accessions I II III IV No. group institute Explored collected Oilseeds Vege- M&AP Fruits tables A. Under National Exploration Programme (NEP) 1 Crop specific January AK Trivedi CITH Regional Champawat 26 —- —- —- 26 (Peach & Pear) 13-17 Station - & Pithoragarh Re- collection Mukteshwar, in UK Nainital, UK 2 Crop specific May 18- 23, AK Trivedi DRMR, Almora, 35 35 —- —- —- (Mustard) Ramit Joshi, Bharatpur Bageshwar Bhagirath (Rajasthan) & District Ram, of UK 3 Crop specific August PS Mehta, DOGR, Ladakh 28 —- 28 —- —- (Allium spp.) 16-28 V Mahajan, Rajguru region of Anil Khar Nagar, J&K Pune (MS) & IARI, New Delhi B. Under Externally Funded Projects NFBSFARA project 4 Crop specific September SN Ojha NBRI, Pithoragarh 11 —- —- 11 —- (Coleus and 14 -23 Lucknow, & Uttara- Gloriosa) U.P kashi,UK Ocimum project 5 Crop specific February Rajni —- Block 07 —- —- 07 —- (Ocimum spp.) 20-25 Rawat Bhimtal, Nainital,UK 6 Crop specific October CS Raghav NBPGR, Mandakini 20 —- —- 20 —- (Ocimuum spp.) 5-12 Rajni Rawat New Delhi and Alaknanda valley in Garhwal,UK Grand Total 127 35 28 38 26
94 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 11.2 Germplasm Enrichment Table 11.2. Multiplication/Seed Increase for Long Term Storage (LTS) in National Genebank during Kharif 2015 A total of 24 accessions of rice bean were received and Rabi 2014-15 through Germplasm Exchange Unit, NBPGR. Crop No. of accessions 11.3 Germplasm Characterization and Kharif 2015 Evaluation Soybean 90 Paddy 53 11.3.1 Germplasm characterization, regeneration Rabi 2015-16 and seed multiplication of field crops: The germplasm Kalon 03 accns. collected from Kumaon and Garhwal regions of Pea 01 Uttarakhand were grown at Bhowali for Coriander 10 Fenugreek 11 characterization, regeneration and multiplication during Rabi 2014-2015 and Kharif 2015 (Tables 11.2-11.5). Grand Total 168
Table 11.3. Promising accessions identified in field crops evaluated during Rabi 2014-2015 and Kharif 2015 Crop Attributes/ Trait (with best check) Promising accessions identified Rabi 2014-15 Barley (Hordeum Plant height (cm) VLB-64 (> 102.54) PI-392251 (138.25), PI-429944 (138), vulgare) (648 accessions) IC393149 (133), IC393154 (133) Checks 04: (VLB-56, No. of effective tillers/plant VLB-56 (> 4.95) EC492264 (18.0), EC492200 (16.6), VLB-64, VLB-1 & EC492340 (14.0) VLB-85) Days to 75% spike emergence VLB-56 (< 130) PI-360819 (114), PI-360818 (115), PI-360822 (116), PI-360823 (116), PI-2318 (117) Days to 80% maturity VLB-85 (< 171.10) IC279942 (162), IC281573 (164), IC281581 (164), IC356080 (164), IC361360(164) Number of seeds/ spike VLB-1 (> 53.42) PI-328069 (78.8), EC481704 (77.4), IC260883 (75.4) 100 seed weight (g) VLB-85 (> 4.10) EC492264 (6.95), EC492173 (6.74), EC492308 (6.68), IC356122 (6.52) Mustard (Brassica spp.) Plant height (cm) Rajat (> 133.85) IC430027 (184), IC393214 (178), (400 accessions) IC419806 (175) Checks 04:(Kranti, Days to 50% flowering Pusa Jai Kisan IC262130 (68), IC262133 (68), IC262134 PT-303, Pusa Jai Kisan (< 81.5) (68), IC262135 (68), IC262140 (68), & Rajat) IC262141 (68), IC262147 (68) Days to 80% maturity Pusa Jai Kisan IC356065 (156) (< 162.5) No. of siliqua/ plant Rajat (> 290.6) IC524246 (881.4), IC393158 (868.2), IC341331 (839.8) 1000 seed weight (g) Rajat (> 2.3) IC393243 (3.88), IC430370 (3.12), IC383550 (3.01) Wheat (Triticum spp.) Plant height (cm) VL-616 (> 87.63) IC266733 (175.4), IC406685 (170.8), (1,371 accessions) PI207770 (140.8) Checks 05: (VL – 616, No. of effective tillers/ plant VL-907 (> 4.61) PI322182 (11.6), PI322269 (10.4) VL- 832, VL- 738, Days to 75% spike emergence VL-907 IC279766 (114), IC279870 (124) VL- 892 & VL-907) (<147.13) Days to 80% maturity VL-907 (< 190.8) IC260582 (181), IC260918 (181) 100 seed weight (g) VL-907 (> 4.08) IC73579 (6.54), IC589301(6.48), PI64525 (6.25) Kharif 2015 Soybean (Glycine max) Days to 50% flowering VLS-21 (< 53.67) EC39742 (41), EC39743 (41) (605 accessions) Plant height (cm) VLS-47 (> 67.33) IC345660 (154.4), IC574367 (150.8), Checks 07: (VLS-2, IC548683 (148.2) VLS-21, VLS-47, VLS-54, Days to 80% maturity VLS-21 (< 111) EC33776 (81), EC37053 (82) VLS-59, VLS-63, and No. of pods/plant VLS-63 (> 90.27) IC266916 (381), IC266821 (346), VLS-77) IC278357 (305.2), IC266780 (301) 100 seed weight (g) VLS-21 (> 17) EC39095 (26.14), EC771203 (24.58), EC771224 (24.54)
REGIONAL STATION, BHOWALI 95 Table 11.4. Range of variations in field crops during Rabi 2014-2015 and Kharif 2015
Crop Character Range Mean CV% Min Max Rabi 2014-15 Crops Barley (Hordeum Plant height (cm) 50.60 138.25 94.22 15.91 vulgare) (648 accessions) No. of effective tillers/plant 1.60 18.00 4.25 34.20 Checks 04: (VLB-56, Days to 75% spike emergence 114 167 134.60 7.63 VLB-64, VLB-1 & VLB-85) Days to 80% maturity 162 191 173.45 3.92 Number of seeds/ spike 19.20 78.80 45.49 24.21 100 seed weight (g) 2.02 6.95 4.00 20.02 Mustard (Brassica spp.) Plant height (cm) 53.60 184 107.53 24.09 (400 accessions) Checks 04:(Kranti, Days to 50% flowering 68 153 98.38 19.86 PT-303, Pusa Jai Kisan & Days to 80% maturity 156 199 171.44 7.60 Rajat) No. of siliqua/ plant 14 881.40 260.10 61.10 1000 seed weight (g) 1.00 3.88 2.15 11.04 Wheat (Triticum spp.) Plant height (cm) 37.0 175.5 87.9 20.60 (1371 accessions) No. of effective tillers/ plant 1.80 11.6 4.20 34.0 Checks 05: (VL – 616, VL-832, Days to 75% spike emergence 114 178 148.4 6.32 VL- 738, VL- 892 & VL-907) Days to 80% maturity 181 213 192.6 2.30 100 seed weight (g) 1.10 6.54 3.9 17.6 Kharif 2015 Crops Soybean Days to 50% flowering 41 94 63.14 15.40 (Glycine max) (605 accessions) Plant height (cm) 15 154.40 65.78 44.48 Checks 07: (VLS-2, VLS-21, Days to 80% maturity 81 157 114.30 10.81 VLS-47, VLS-54, VLS-59, No. of pods/plant 7.60 381 89.15 60.94 VLS-63, and VLS-77) 100 seed weight (g) 3.81 26.14 10.95 42.69
Table 11.5. Germplasm evaluation and characterization during Rabi 2015-16 Crop No. of accessions Date of Sowing Checks Used Triticum spp. 114 19.11.2015 Pusa Jai Kisan, Rajat, Kranti, PT-303 and T-9 Avena spp. 27 19.11.2015 VL-616, VL-738, VL-832, VL-892 and VL-907 Aegilops spp. 87 19.11.2015 VLB-01, VLB-56, VLB-64 and VLB-85 Lentil 982 26.11.2015 PL-406 , PL-639, VL-1, VL-105, VL-108 and VL-830 Mustard 35 30.11.2015 Pusa Jaikishan, Rajat, Kranti, PT-303 and T-9 Total 1,245
11.3.2 Germplasm characterization, regeneration and Brazilian Malta (EC669069) - having large size fruit with seed multiplication of horticultural crops good eye catching appeal, Hisalu (IC258065)- large size fruit with more antioxidant properties, Apricot - 11.3.2.1. Characterization and evaluation of fruits: IC360692 very good eye catching appeal and large size After continuous evaluation of fruit crops at this station, fruit. the following accns. were found promising viz., in citrus
Fig 11.1. Field Genebank - Rosemary Fig 11.2. Ocimum field evaluation
96 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Table 11.6. Citrus spp. evaluation during 2015 Crop No. of accessions Characters Range of variation Min. Max. Mean CV % Kagazi nimboo 17 Tree height (m) 1.2 2.7 2.18 20.2 (Citrus aurantifolia ) No. of fruits/tree 7 74 30.7 65.7 Fruit weight (g) 18 30 24.3 14.5 TSS (0Brix) 6 7 6.41 7.91 Fruit length (cm) 3.17 3.99 3.69 5.31 Fruit width (cm) 2.73 3.39 3.13 5.35 Malta (Citrus sinensis) 21 Tree height (m) 1.5 4.6 2.59 36 No. of fruit/tree 1.5 98.5 30.7 69.6 Fruit weight (g) 32 150 105 31.5 TSS (0Brix) 10 13 11.3 7.36 Fruit length (cm) 3.41 6.15 5.4 12.7 Fruit width (cm) 3.72 6.52 5.7 13.03
11.3.3 Germplasm characterization, regeneration group wise status is as follows: cereals (3,345), pseudo- and seed multiplication of M & AP and wild cereals (568), millets and minor millets (552), pulses economically useful plants (WEUP): (3,770), oilseeds (540), vegetables (360), spices and condiments (1,919), medicinal and aromatic plants (180), 11.3.3.1 Oil extraction: Oil extracted through hydro wild relatives of crops (311) and ornamental crops (20). distillation unit yielded Lavandula angustifolia (6.3 ml) {IC273868 (50 g – 1.1 ml), IC449508 (90 g – 2.7 ml), 11.4.2 Germplasm conservation in FGB (1,285): IC449514 (30 g – 0.9 ml), IC212822 (40 g – 1.6 ml)}, 11.4.2.1 Germplasm conservation of horticultural Lemon grass oil (9.46 Kg), camphor oil (620 g), Tagetes crops (423): Fruits-314 accessions [(Actinidia oil (95 g), Ageratum conyzoides oil (0.2 ml), Origanum chinensis (07), Aegle marmelos (01), Averrhoa vulgare oil (0.7 ml), Lavandula stoechas oil (1.2 ml), carambola (01), Citrus spp. (65) – {C. jambhiri (04), lemon grass oil (1490 ml), geranium oil (51 ml) and C.sp. (09),C. sinensis (19), Poncirus trifoliata (01), different accessions of Ocimum spp. oil (7.2 ml). C. aurantifolia (23), C. medica (05), C. aurantium 11.3.4 Trait specific genetic stock identified (01), C. grandis (03)}, Carissa carandas (02), Cordia myxa (01), Corylus avellana (01), Cotoneaster 11.3.4.1 Field crops : Rabi 2014-15: wheat PI322182 microphylla (01), Diospyros kaki (03), Elaeagnus for no. of effective tillers/ plant (11.6); barley EC492264 latifolia (02), Emblica officinalis (04), Eriobotrya for 100 seed weight (6.95 g), rapeseed mustard japonica (01), Ficus carica (04), Fragaria vesca (79), IC524246 for no. of siliqua/ plant (881.4) and IC422028 Juglans regia (21), Morus serrata (01), Myrica for 1000 seed weight (3.88 g); Kharif 2015: Soybean esculenta (01), Passiflora edulis (01), Prunus IC266916 for no. of pod/plant (381). amygdalus (03), Prunus avium (03), Malus domestica 11.3.4.2 Horticultural crops: Paro wild apple Malus (23), Prunus armeniaca (14),Prunus persica (18), baccata genetic stock (a unique apple accession SKV/ Pyrus communis (18), Prunus domestica (06), Punica RRA/AK/1843), collected from > 100 years old plant granatum (10), Rubus ellipticus (18), Vitis vinifera (16 m tall plant, 40.34 cm trunk diameter, no. of fruit / (04), Vitis jacquomontii (01)]; vegetables 1225 branch 4-7) at Jadapani, Nainital, Uttarakhand. Hill accessions (Capsicum annuum-1225 accessions); lemon (Pahari Nimbu), IC319067 also being maintained ornamental crops 109 accessions (Aralia in FGB. elegantissima (01), Calandula officinalis (01), Camellia japonica (01), Centaurea cyanus (02), 11.3.4.3 M&AP crops: Ocimum basilicum var. Cinnamomum sp. (01), Codonopsis convolvulacea difforme EC388892 for plant height (36.8 cm), and (01), Dahlia sp. (19), Delphinium ajacis (02), Ocimum basilicum var. basilicum EC388899 for Delphinium stapfiosum (01), Gladiolus sp. (31), herbage yield (429.17 g). Gaillardia sp. (02), Gompherina sp. (01), Helichrysum 11.4. Germplasm Conservation bracteatum (01), Hydrangea paniculata (01), Juniperus sp. (01), Lagerstroemia indica (01), 11.4.1 Germplasm conservation in MTS: A total of Narcissus sp. (01), Petunia hybrida (01), Phlox 11,565 accessions have been maintained in MTS Crop
REGIONAL STATION, BHOWALI 97 paniculata (02), Phlox sp. (01), Polianthes tuberosa conservation under LTS. Different crops were also (01), Spiraea arcuata (01), Spiraea canescens (01), supplied within the Bureau and to other institutes for Tagetes minuta (01), Tagetes spp. (29), Tropaeolum research purposes and exhibition. majus (01), Viola tricolor (02), Wisteria sinensis (01)) 11.5.2 Germplasm supplied to farmers : Seed are maintained in MTS, greenhouse (plants in about 2500 samples and live rooted / grafted plant material viz. pots and 5000 polythene packets); / Field Genebank/ Horticulture (1254): hill Lemon (143), kagazi nimbu MTS. (363), kiwi plants (459), malta (239), strawberry (50) ; 11.4.2.2 Germplasm conservation of medicinal and M&AP. & WEUPs: (551): Allium spp. (50), Aloe aromatic plants – M & AP (672): A total of 445 (05), Artemisia (10), Asparagus (10), garden sage (37), accessions (indigenous -304 accessions + exotic-141 geranium (31), gingko (02), gymnosperm (05), karchoor accessions : vegetatively propagated - 125; seed (02), lavender (77), lemon grass (41), oregano (70), producing- 320) comprising of 260 species belonging to rosemary (157), stevia (04), thyme (20) and others (30) 153 genera of 37 families and WEUP 227 accessions were supplied to different farmers. of arborescent species (178), bamboo (38), forage grasses (10), Hordeum bulbosum (01) have been 11.5.3 Biochemical Analysis (805): Paddy (157), conserved in the MTS / Field Gene Bank / herbal garden wheat (248) and mustard (400) were sent to ICAR- of the station. NBPGR, New Delhi; BHU; Varanasi, UP and ICAR- DRMR, Bharatpur, Rajasthan. 11.4.2.3 Germplasm conservation of bulbous crop (190): A total of 190 accessions Allium spp. were 11.6 Externally Funded Projects conserved. 11.6.1 Production of phyto-chemicals from best chemotypes of some threatened medicinal plants through modified cultivation and in-vitro production technologies” under NFBSFARA project: One exploration trip was conducted and eleven collections viz., Gloriosa superba (02) and Coleus forskohlii (09) were collected and conserved in FGB.
11.6.2 Collection of Ocimum spp. germplasm and identification of elite species to develop agro- techniques for cultivation under GBPI/ IERP funded project: Two exploration trips for Ocimum spp. were conducted and total of 27 collections viz. O. basilicum (13), O. sanctum (05) O. viride (08) and O. kilimandscharicum (01) were made.
11.6.2.1 Preliminary evaluation of Ocimum spp.: 90 accessions of Ocimum spp. viz. O.basilicum var. Fig 11.3. Promising genetic stock of Rubus spp. pilosum (08), O. basilicum var. basilicum (09), O. basilicum var. glabratum (04), O.basilicum var. 11.5. Germplasm Supply difforme (09), O. basilicum var. purpurascens (05), O. citriodorum (06), O. gratissimum (05), O. 11.5.1 Germplasm supplied: 979 accessions were americanum (03), O.thyrsiflorum (02), O. sanctum supplied to various indentors under material transfer (06), O. basilicum (17), O. kilimandscharicum (01), agreement. A total of 143 accessions viz., chilli (06 O. canum (01), Ocimum spp. (04) with checks (10) were accessions), wheat (26), paddy (22), finger millet (08), characterized and a few of the superior genotypes were mustard (35), soybean (46) were supplied to NGB for identified as highlighted in Table 11.7.
98 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Table 11.7. Range, mean and promising accessions identified in Ocimum spp. during 2015 Crop No. of Characters Range of variation Superior accessions genotypes Min. Max. Mean O. basilicum var. pilosum 07 Spike length (cm) 19.5 24.2 21.90 Plant height (cm) 66.9 79.5 73.43 Fresh herbage yield /plant (g) 127.51 353.17 181.72 Plant canopy (cm2) 1409.33 2295 1897.88 Oil % DWB 0.6% 5% 1.58% O. basilicum var. basilicum 07 Spike length (cm) 18.0 31.4 26.12 Plant height (cm) 80.5 97.5 90.84 Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 138.45 429.17 281.04 (EC388899) - Plant canopy (cm2) 2244.4 4889.81 3364.44 429.17 g Oil % DWB 0.05% 1.29% 0.65% O. basilicum var. glabratum 02 Spike length (cm) 23.2 34.0 28.6 Plant height (cm) 91.8 94.7 93.29 Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 304.5 351.35 327.92 Plant canopy (cm2) 3001.66 3161.40 3081.53 Oil % DWB 0.3% 0.8% 0.55% O. basilicum var. difforme 09 Spike length (cm) 22.7 36.8 29.92 (EC388892)- Plant height (cm) 81.2 101.7 90.65 36.8 cm Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 180.94 298.14 214.68 Plant canopy (cm2) 2132.96 3858.58 3171.34 Oil % DWB 0.62% 1.5% 0.92% O. basilicum var. purpurascens 02 Spike length (cm) 19.1 26.9 23.01 Plant height (cm) 73.7 88.04 80.90 Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 99.89 276.42 188.15 Plant canopy (cm2) 1428.57 4177.78 2803.17 Oil % DWB - - 0.5% O. basilicum var. thyrsiflorum 03 Spike length (cm) 16.3 20.3 17.83 Plant height (cm) 71.7 79.7 75.65 Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 234.98 292.91 269.9 Plant canopy (cm2) 553.228 741.20 661.01 O. citriodorum 06 Spike length (cm) 11.5 30.76 23.91 (EC338785)- Plant height (cm) 44.6 124.68 86.68 124.68 cm Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 107.19 343.80 279.40 Plant canopy (cm2) 980.01 3046.19 2265.84 O. sanctum 04 Spike length (cm) 8.0 9.1 8.42 Plant height (cm) 44.0 77.0 54.31 Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 54.06 85.06 72.26 Plant canopy (cm2) 967.33 2292.24 1352.21 Oil % DWB - - - O. viride 12 Spike length (cm) 9.7 22.2 17.94 Plant height (cm) 41.3 79.9 64.50 Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) 97.59 341.82 189.66 Plant canopy (cm2) 1127.47 5497.11 2663.44 Oil % DWB 0.003% 0.26 % 0.15% O. gratissimum 01 Spike length(cm) - - 10.8 Plant height (cm) - - 102.6 Fresh herbage yield / Plant (g) - - 41.21 Plant canopy (cm2) - - 787.53 Oil % DWB -- - O. kilimandscharicum 01 Spike length (cm) - - 18.1 Plant height (cm) - - 68.66 Fresh herbage yield / plant (g) - - 230.58 Plant canopy (cm2) - - 1697.02 Oil % DWB - - 2%
REGIONAL STATION, BHOWALI 99 Programme (Code, Title, Programme Leader) PGR/PGC-BHO-01.00 - Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of the Northern Himalayas and adjoining plains (SK Verma) Projects (Code: Title, PI, Co-PIs and Associates) PGR/PGC-BHO-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of field crops with emphasis on ethnobotanical aspects (AK Trivedi, up to July 20, 2015, IS Bisht, (w.e.f. September 1, 2015), SK Verma, KS Negi and PS Mehta) PGR/PGC-BHO-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of temperate horticultural crops (SK Verma, K S Negi, AK Trivedi (up to July 20, 2016) and IS Bisht (w.e.f. September 1, 2015)) PGR/PGC-BHO-01.03: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of medicinal and aromatic, wild economically useful, rare and endangered species (KS Negi, SK Verma, AK Trivedi (up to July 20, 2016), and IS Bisht (w.e.f. September 1, 2015) and A Raina) PGR/PGC-BHO-01.04: Strengthening benefit enhancing options of native crop diversity for sustainable food, nutrition and livelihood security of farmer households: a case study from Uttarakhand Himalaya (IS Bisht, SK Verma, KS Negi and PS Mehta) Externally funded projects: 1. Production of phyto-chemicals from best chemotypes of some threatened medicinal plants through modified cultivation and in-vitro production technologies under NFBSFARA. KS Negi (CCPI) 2. Collection of Ocimum spp. germplasm and identification of elite species to develop agro-techniques for cultivation under GBPI/ IERP funded project. KS Negi (CCPI)
100 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 BASE CENTRE, CUTTACK 12
Summary: Three explorations were undertaken and 123 accessions comprising Porteresia coarctata, cultivated rice, wild relatives of Cucumis, Abelmoschus and other crops (76) were collected from Odisha and West Bengal. Significant germplasm collections include salt tolerant rice germplasm like Rahaspanjar, Nonabokra, Luna Bakhada, Lunapateni, Bhaluki. A total of 1,167 accessions comprising cultivated rice (852), black gram (25), green gram (25), millets (32), wild Oryza species (132), Ocimum spp. (69), Mucuna pruriens (21), Hibiscus sabdariffa (11) were characterized and promising genotypes were identified for different agro-morphological traits. A set of 136 accessions of cultivated rice was evaluated for submergence/ deep water/ salinity tolerance and promising genotypes were identified. Phytochemical evaluation of Mucuna and Ocimum germplasm was undertaken. A total of 3,357 accessions were grown/ vegetatively propagated for multiplication/ characterization/evaluation. In all 239 accessions were supplied to three ICAR institutes. Ethno-botanical information and indigenous traditional knowledge on different plant genetic resources were documented and 1,150 herbarium specimens were maintained.
12.1 Exploration and Germplasm Collection (37) and wild relatives of Cucumis, Abelmoschus and other crops (76) were collected from different agro- During the reporting period three exploration missions ecological regions of Odisha and West Bengal. The were undertaken and a total of 123 accessions exploration wise details are given in table 12.1. comprising Porteresia coarctata (10), cultivated rice
Table 12.1. Details of exploration and germplasm collection undertaken during 2015 Crops/Species Areas Collaborator Period of Collection No. of No. of collection sites spp. accessions Wild rice Kendrapara, Bhadrak and ICAR-NRRI, October 8 1 10 (Porteresia coarctata) Jagatsinghpur (Bhitarkanika Cuttack 17-21 Wildlife Sanctuary,Odisha) Wild relatives of Gajapati, Rayagada and ICAR-CHES December 53 12 76 Abelmoschus and Koraput districts (Odisha) (IIHR), 8-18 Cucumis Bhubaneswar Salt tolerant rice Balasore, Bhadrak, ICAR-NRRI, December 16 1 37 (Oryza sativa) Kendrapada-Odisha and Cuttack 18-24 Midnapore-WB TOTAL 77 14 123
12.1.1 Collection of Porteresia coarctata from parts of Odisha: A total of 10 accessions of Porteresia coarctata was collected from mangrove habitat around the periphery of Bhitarkanika Wildlife Sanctuary covering ten wild collection sites. The district wise collections include two accessions from Kendrapara, six from Bhadrak and two from Jagatsinghpur. Variability with respect to growth habit, duration of maturity, panicle type, leaf size, and leaf colour was recorded during the exploration. The live plants collected from their natural habitats are being maintained in the field genebank for future utilization. 12.1.2 Collection of wild relatives of Abelmoschus and Cucumis from Odisha: A total of 76 germplasm accessions comprising Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii Fig 12.1. Collecting Porteresia coarctata from the outer (34), C. melo var. agrestis (15), C. callosus (4), periphery of natural mangroves
BASE CENTRE, CUTTACK 101 8.1 cm width) and skin colour (thick to thin striped, spinous to tubercled) was recorded with maximum fruit size measuring 12.8 x 8.1 cm (RCM/LKB/57). The distribution of this species was found to be maximum at higher elevations between 500 and 1100 m MSL. A good diversity in fruits was also recorded in different species of Abelmoschus, particularly having longest capsule more than 7 cm (RCM/LKB/22) in A. angulosus var. purpureus.
Fig 12.2. Porteresia coarctata - A salt tolerant wild relative of Oryza in its natural mangrove habitat
Abelmoschus angulosus var. purpureus (3), A. manihot subsp. tetraphyllus (4), A. ficulneus (5), Hibiscus sabdariffa (7), H. aculeatus (1) and other (3) were collected from different landscapes ranging from 40 to 1100 msl.
The explored region includes biodiversity rich-spots covering tribal dominated areas such as Mahendragiri, Fig 12.4. Collecting salt tolerant rice germplasm Niyamgiri and part of Deomali hilly tracts of Odisha.The (Bhaluki) from East Medinapore (WB) tribal communities such as Kandha, Dongria Kandha, Bhumia, Paraja and Gadaba were interacted and indigenous traditional knowledge on use of plant genetic resources were collected. A good diversity in fruit size, shape and texture in Cucumis germplasm was recorded during the exploration. Among Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii, variation in fruit shape (spherical, oval, ellipsoid to oblong), size (2.8 to 12.8 cm long and 3.0 to
Fig 12.3. Collecting Cucumis sativus var. hardwickii Fig 12.5. Abelmoschus ficulneus from Rayagada from Gajapati district district
102 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 12.1.3 Collection of salt tolerant rice from Odisha and IC599345 were conserved in NGB, New Delhi and and WB: The explored region is categorized into alluvial the collected specimens (RC Misra 918-919 & 954-955) plain, marshy/inundated area, deltaic flood plains and have been preserved as herbarium materials. Besides, coastal plains with wide variation in soil types and higher the occurrence of Hedychium flavescens Carey ex level of soil salinity. A total of 39 accessions of Roscoe in the semi-evergreen forests of Niyamgiri hills germplasm comprising salt tolerant cultivated rice (37) of Odisha used as ornamental and medicinal plant by and wild Solanum species (2) was collected from 27 Dongria Kandha primitive tribes revealed its a new collection sites. The district wise collections include five distributional record for Eastern and Central India accessions from Kendrapara, nine accessions from (Fig.12.6). The collected rhizome germplasm bearing Bhadrak and 11 accessions from Balasore and 12 accessions no IC612508 was conserved in NGB, ICAR- accessions from East Medinapore. Wide range of NBPGR, New Delhi and the collected specimens (RC variability in respect of various morpho-agronomic traits Misra143-1144 and 1161-62) have been preserved as such as plant morphology, panicle type, grain type, grain herbarium materials. colour, grain weight etc. was recorded. 12.2 Germplasm Characterization and 12.1.4 New records of plant genetic resources: Evaluation Ocimum kilimandscharicum Guerke (Lamiaceae), alien to the Indian flora, used as medicinal plant and bio- Out of 3,357 accessions of various crops grown during pesticide by local tribes, was found from the natural 2015, a set of 1,167 accessions comprising cultivated habitats of Odisha (IC599299 and IC599345) and its wild rice (852), black gram (25), green gram (25), millets (32), occurrence was found to be a new record for peninsular wild Oryza species (132), Ocimum spp. (69), Mucuna India. The seed germplasm bearing accns. no IC599299 pruriens (21), Hibiscus sabdariffa (11) were characterized, and another set of 136 accessions of rice germplasm was evaluated for submergence/ deep water/ salinity tolerance. Promising genotypes among all the crops were identified for different agro-morphological traits and abiotic stresses.
12.2.1 Cultivated rice: Out of 2,973 accessions of rice germplasm grown during Kharif 2015 a set of 852 accessions was characterized for 28 agro-morphological traits along with six checks (Panidhan, Ketakijoha, Tulsi, Kalajira, Jyoti and Geetanjali). Each accessions was maintained in three rows in augmented block design with 20 x20 cm spacing between rows and plants. The range of variability for both qualitative and quantitative traits was recorded and promising accessions for various Fig 12.6. Hedychium flavescens conserved in the field agronomic traits were identified (Table 12.2). gene bank
Table 12.2. Range of variation in quantitative traits among cultivated rice germplasm (Kharif-2015)
Traits Range Promising lines Minimum Maximum Plant height (cm) 55.96 (IRGC-52) 204.24 (IRGC-578002) IRGC-578002,66516, 65868, 58245 EBT 1.80 (IRGC-78392) 11.20 (IRGC-49746) IRGC- 49746, 79385, 100009, 144547 Leaf length (cm) 24.68 (IRGC-55865) 84.92 (IRGC-578002) IRGC-578002, 578004, 142548 Leaf width(cm) 0.52 (IRGC-52) 2.86 (IRGC-139994) IRGC- 139994, 89143, 142532 Panicle length (cm) 16.14 (IRGC-52) 37.18 (IRGC-577150) IRGC- 577150, 144549, 144639 Panicle wt. (g) 4.08 (IRGC-34317, 034326) 32.43 (IRGC-81412) IRGC-81412 100 seed wt. (g) 1.08 (IRGC-045628, 3.74 (IRGC-078245, IRGC-078245, 381981 068021) 381981)
BASE CENTRE, CUTTACK 103 12.2.2 Green gram: A set of 25 accessions of green 12.2.4 Millets: A set of 32 accessions of which millets gram germplasm received from RS, Hyderabad were germplasm collected from Kandhamal district of Odisha grown in RBD with three replications for second season in grown in RBD with two replications during Kharif characterization during Rabi 2015. Five standard check 2015 for characterization. Observations on various agro- varieties such as Pusa Vishal, ML-267, K-851, LGG- morphological traits were recorded as per the minimal 460 and PDM-54 were sown with a spacing of 45 cm descriptor. and 10 cm between lines and plants, respectively. Observations on various agro-morphological traits were 12.2.5 Ocimum germplasm: A set of 69 accessions recorded as per the minimal descriptor. of Ocimum germplasm comprising Ocimum americanum (21), O. basilicum (11), O. tenuiflorum 12.2.3 Black gram: A set of 25 accessions of black (14), O. gratissimum (9), O. citriodorum (12) and O. gram germplasm received from RS, Hyderabad were kilimandscharicum (2) were multiplied and grown in RBD with two replications for second season characterized for second year for 31 agro-morphological characterization during Rabi, 2015. Five standard check and economic traits in RBD with two replications. The varieties such as PDU-35, T-9, PU-19, PU-35 and LBG- economic traits such as herbage yield, essential oil yield/ 20 were sown with a spacing of 45 cm and 10 cm plant were evaluated. The promising genotypes identified between lines and plants respectively. Observations on for highest herbage yield and essential oil content under various agro-morphologicaltraits were recorded as per each species are given in Table 12.3. the minimal descriptor.
Table 12.3. Herbage yield and essential oil content of promising genotypes in Ocimum species Species Highest herbage Highest essential oil yield/ plant (g) (accession) yield/ plant (ml) (accession) Ocimum tenuiflorum 661.0 (IC599368) 1.7 (IC589192, IC599368) O. gratissimum 716.0 (IC589184) 2.1 (IC599344, IC599298, IC589227) O. basilicum 622.0 (IC599318) 1.3 (IC599318, IC599351) O. americanum 363.0 (IC589233) 1.2 (IC589233, IC599367, IC599288) O. kilimandscharicum 414.0 (IC599299) 1.8 (IC599299) O. citriodorum 524.0 (IC599354) 1.8 (IC599354, IC599357)
12.2.6 Mucuna pruriens: Twenty one accessions of Mucuna pruriens were multiplied and characterised in RBD with two replications. The genotypes such as IC599282, IC599358 and IC599330 were identified for maximum inflorescence/ plant, pods/cluster, clusters/plant, seeds/pod; seed width and 100 seed weight and pod width respec- tively (Table 12.4).
Table 12.4. Range of variation in Mucuna germplasm Traits Range Minimum Maximum Odd leaflet length (cm) 10.58 (IC599290) 14.68 (IC599366) Odd leaflet width (cm) 6.8 (IC599361) 9.86 (IC599300) Even leaflet length (cm) 11.28 (IC599369) 16.26 (IC599361) Even leaflet width (cm) 6.8 (IC599369) 12.2 (IC599282) Inflorescence length (cm) 6.86 (IC599331) 30.7 (IC599310) Inflorescence/ plant 07 (IC599358) 31 (IC599282) No. of pods/cluster 5.4 (IC599336) 18 (IC599282) Pod clusters/plant 5.0 (IC599336) 22.0 (IC599282) Pod length (cm) 6.76 (IC599320) 9.36 (IC599369) Pod width (cm) 1.6 (IC599320) 2.0 (IC599330) No. of seeds/pod 5.0 (IC599290) 6.0 (IC599282, IC599306, IC599369) Seed length (cm) 0.94 (IC599350) 1.24 (IC599296) Seed width (cm) 0.68 (IC599361) 0.86 (I 599358) 100 seed wt. (g) 20.9 (IC-599320) 46.02 (IC599358)
104 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 12.2.7 Hibiscus sabdariffa: Eleven accessions of Hibiscus sabdariffa were multiplied and characterized for 30 agro-morphological and economic traits. The economic traits like fresh leaf yield/ plant and fresh calyx yield/ plant were evaluated and the superior genotypes such as IC610799 and IC610800 were identified for a number of multiple agro-morphological and economic traits like maximum plant height, stem diameter, leaf length/ width, leaves/ plant, leaf yield/ plant and calyx yield/ plant, fruits/ plant, capsule width (Table 12.5).
Table 12.5. Range of variation in morpho-agronomic traits of Hibiscus sabdariffa Traits Range Minimum Maximum
Primary branches/plant 17.7 (IC610799) 26.40 (IC614089) Stem diameter(mm) 17.6 (IC610682) 26.9 (IC610800) Leaf length (cm) 11.16 (IC614078) 17.36 (IC610800) Leaf width (cm) 10.07 (IC614078) 20.5 (IC610799) Petiole length (cm) 6.22 (IC614078) 10.15 (IC610799) No. of leaf lobes 4.0 (IC610682) 5.0 (IC610799, IC610800) Plant height (cm) 151.61 (IC610747) 214.95 (IC610799) No. of leaves /plant 291.66 (IC614084) 666.165 (IC610800) Fresh leaves yield/ plant (g) 176.42 (IC614090) 1050.71 (IC610800) Petiole yield/plant 22.5 (IC614090) 130.3 (IC610800) Epicalyxes segment no. 8.5 (IC610799) 10.40 (RCM/MR - 26) Calyx length (cm) 2.77 (IC610800) 4.58 (IC610682) Calyx width(cm) 2.44 (IC610800) 2.73 (RCM/MR-26) Fresh calyx yield/plant (g) 152.08 (IC610747) 479.34 (IC610800) No. of fruits/plant 119 (IC614084) 258.5 (IC610800) Capsule length (cm) 2.07 (IC610799, IC610800) 2.67 (RCM/PKS - 155) Capsule width (cm) 1.3 (IC614090) 1.69 (IC610800 ) 10 fruits weight 31.51 (IC614090) 61.19 (RCM/PKS - 155) No. of seeds/fruit 24.2 (IC614090) 31.6 (IC614084) 1000 seed weight (g) 19.58 (IC610800) 26.99 (RCM/MR - 26)
Table 12.6. Observation on yield attributing traits among salt tolerant genotypes of rice (Kharif-2015)
Traits Range Mean SEM ± CV (%) Promising Accessions Best Check
Plant height (cm) 86.5-198.8 156.2 4.25 5.2 IC594013, IC596840, IC594003 Pokkali(148.0) Leaf length (cm) 18.6-65.2 45.8 5.0 11.2 IC596840, IC594019, IC594027 Pokkli(50.3) Leaf width(cm) 0.6-1.9 1.1 1.0 8.5 IC594027, IC596820 CSR-10(1.0) EBT 1.5-15.6 6.3 1.2 13.8 IC594020, IC594009, IC594013 Pokkali-10(8.5) Panicle length (cm) 10.1-29.2 21.3 2.3 7.2 IC594019, IC596840, Pokkali(28.6) Panicle wt. (g) 1.2-5.4 3.9 0.21 3.7 IC594013, IC594003, IC596840 Pokkali(5.3) 100 seed wt. (g) 1.4-2.4 1.6 0.08 2.3 IC594013, IC594027, IC594019 CSR-10(2.8) Sterility (%) 13.0-39.4 23.8 3.10 16.2 IC 594003, IC594013, CSR-10(19.5) IC594020, IC593993 Yield/ plant (g) 1.8-18.4 13.2 2.22 23.1 IC594003, IC594020, IC594009, Pokkali(12.8) IC594019
12.3 Germplasm Evaluation (55), deep water (48) and salinity tolerance. The experiment was conducted in RBD with two replications 12.3.1 Evaluation of cultivated rice for in controlled condition for submergence and deep water submergence, deep water and salinity stress: A stress and in fields high with salinity (EC8.0 ds/m) for total of 136 accessions of rice germplasm was evaluated salinity stress. Standard checks for submergence and for identification of elite germplasm for submergence deep water stress viz, Dinesh, Swarnasub-1, Jalamagna
BASE CENTRE, CUTTACK 105 (tolerant), and check varieties for salt tolerance viz, IR- 12.6 Germplasm Conservation 42, IR-64 (susceptible) and Pokkali, CSR-10, SR- 26B A total of 1,525 accessions comprising cultivated rice (salt tolerant) and IR29 and IR 64 (salt susceptible) were (1,374), wild rice (62), wild relatives of jute (Corchorus used. Observation on nine yield attributing traits (Table spp)/allied fibres (76), Hedychium spp. (2), Corchorus 12.6) along with percentage of survival, internode capsularis (4), Hibiscus sabdariffa (1), Mucuna elongation and number of days to recover after de- pruriens (1) and others (5) were deposited for long term submergence has been recorded for identification of conservation in National Genebank, ICAR-NBPGR, suitable donors for submergence and deepwater varietal New Delhi. breeding programme. 12.7 Germplasm Maintenance 12.3.2 Estimation of L-Dopa (%) of seed samples of Mucuna spp.: The seed samples of 25 accessions A total of 579 accessions comprising medicinal and of Mucuna pruriens collected from wild habitats of aromatic plants (254), wild Oryza species (210), wild different agro-ecological zones of Odisha were evaluated relatives of crops (36), tuber/aroid crops (52), minor leafy for estimation of active compound L-Dopa (%). Four vegetables (21), economic plants and horticultural crops promising accessions i.e. IC599290, IC599336, (6) are being maintained in the FGB/experimental plots IC599361, IC599350 were identified for very high L- of the centre. Dopa (%) bearing 7.09, 6.50, 6.43 and 6.42, respectively. 12.7.1 Maintenance of medicinal and aromatic plants: A total of 254 accessions of medicinal and 12.3.3 Validation of ethno medicinal properties of aromatic plants species viz., Mucuna monosperma, M. medicinal plants: Phytochemical screening of leaves nigricans, Argyreia nervosa, Asparagus racemosus, of Corchorus capsularis (2), Ocimum kiliman- Bacopa monnieri, Saraca asoca, Celastrus dscaricum (1), O. citriodorum (1) and Amaranthus paniculata, Centella asiatica, Corchorus capsularis, spp. (6) comprising A. spinosus (1), A. viridis (1), A. Gardenia gummifera, Hedychium coccineum, H. blitum (2) and A. dubius (2) was made for validation of flavescens, Hemidesmus indicus, Litsea glutinosa, ethno-medicinal properties with respect to detection of Mallotu sphilippensis, Nyctanthe sarbortristis, responsible bioactive compounds. Ocimum basilicum, O. citriodorum, Ocimum 12.4 Seed Multiplication kilimandscharicum, O. americanum, O. sanctum, Oroxylum indicum, Piper longum, Plumbago rosea, A total of 3,357 accessions comprising cultivated rice Pterocarpus santalinus, Rauvolfia serpentina, (2,973), wild Oryza species (210), millets (32), wild Scindapsus officinalis, Stevia rebaudiana, Strychnos cucurbits (30), Ocimum spp. (42), Mucuna pruriens potatorum, Tinospora cordifolia, Wattakaka (20), Hibiscus sabdariffa (12), Corchorus spp. (8), volubilis, etc. have been conserved in the field genebank Dioscorea spp. (21), Costus speciosus (5), Cucumis of the centre. sativus var. hardwickii (2), Solanum pimpinellifolium 12.7.2 Herbarium preservation: One hundred ten (1) and S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (1) were herbarium specimens of economically important crop grown/ vegetatively propagated for multiplication. plants collected during exploration missions were 12.5 Germplasm Exchange augmented and the herbarium of the centre is enriched with 1,260 voucher specimens belonging to wild relatives A total of 239 accessions comprising cultivated rice (47), of crops, rare/ endangered and high valued M & AP and submergence rice (4), wild rice (24), Corchorus spp. other economically useful plants collected from parts of (78), Amaranthus (25), Mucuna (26) and Ocimum (35) Odisha, Bihar, Mizoram, Tripura and Manipur. The rare/ were supplied to 3 ICAR institutes for research purposes; endangered and high valued medicinal plants, wild and 3,596 accessions comprising cultivated rice (3,516), relatives and economic plants such as Ocimum pulses (50) and millets (30) were received from ICAR- kilimandscharicum, Solanum pimpinellifolium, NBPGR, New Delhi, ICAR-NBPGR RS, Hyderabad Hedychium flavescens, Hibiscus panduriformis, and AICRP, CRIDA (Phulbani Centre) and OUAT, Thladiantha cordifolia, Amaranthus blitum, Hibiscus Bhubaneswar respectively. sabdariffa, Malva sylvestris var. mauritiana were added to the herbarium of the centre.
106 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Research Programme (Code: Title, ProgrammeLeader) PGR/EXP-BUR-CUT-01.00- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation documentation and distribution of plant genetic resources of Odisha and adjoining regions (DR Pani)
Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/EXP-BUR-CUT- 01.01-Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of agricultural and horticultural crops in Odisha and adjoining regions. (DR Pani and RC Misra) PGR/EXP-BUR-CUT- 01.02- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of medicinal & aromatic plants, wild economically useful and rare and endangered plants of Odisha and adjoining regions. (RC Misra and DR Pani)
BASE CENTRE, CUTTACK 107 REGIONAL STATION, HYDERABAD 13
Summary: A total of 42,885 samples (25,508 import; 15,715+1662 export) were processed for quarantine clearance and Twenty-three phytosanitary certificates were issued. Pathogens/pests of quarantine importance intercepted included Pestalotia sp. and Rhizoctonia bataticola (Maize-Philippines), Lasiodiplodia sp. and Stenocarpella maydis (Maize-USA), Alternaria helianthi (sunflower-Argentina); Plasmopara halstedii (sunflower-USA); Colletotrichum graminicola (sorghum-Mali); Sporisorium cruentum (sorghum-Niger); Peronospora manshurica (soybean- Costa Rica and USA); Peronospora parasitica (cabbage-USA); Pseudoperonospora cubensis and Choanephora sp. on bittergourd from Thailand; Alternaria brassicicola on Brassica rapa from UK; Sitophilus zeamais and Rhyzopertha dominica (Maize-Thailand); Cryptolestes ferrugineus (sunflower-Mali) were intercepted. Import samples (14,507) infested/infected with pests were salvaged and released (26,760) to consignees. Fifty-one samples consisting of soybean (41), sunflower (2) and barley (08) were not released due to the following reasons. Sunflower samples (2) from USA were infected with downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) pathogen; soybean samples from Costa Rica and USA with downy mildew (Peronospora manshurica) incidence (12) and seed borne viruses (19). Soybean seed borne viruses were detected at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. Remaining 10 soybean samples did not produce seed. Eight accessions of barley from France, infected with Pseudomonas sp were detained. In exports, 10 samples were rejected. Quarantine services were extended to 45 organizations in South India. Post-entry quarantine inspection was conducted on 4,909 samples of different crops grown at PEQIA of ICRISAT (744), ICRISAT glasshouse (396), private industry (3,091) and NBPGR greenhouse (678). Two collaborative explorations were undertaken; 196 accessions of various agri-horticultural crops and their wild relatives were collected. 771 accessions including greengram (84), horsegram (140), foxtail millet (168), amaranths (60), field bean (26) small millets (128), pillipesara (30), chilli (81), maize (33), sorghum (10), black gram (4) and green gram (7) were characterized and evaluated using randomised block design/augmented block design along with appropriate check varieties during Kharif. Similar exercise was undertaken in Rabi with 448 accessions comprising chickpea (7), dolichos bean (25), Italian millet (10), prosomillet (5) and safflower (11), sorghum (150), ricebean (55), tomato (95) and brinjal (90). Promising accessions were identified for various traits. Germplasm was submitted to National Genebank (204 accns.) and Germplasm Handling Unit (144 accessions). 880 accessions were supplied to 17 institutes against 30 indents. A pigeon pea farmer’s variety (Erramachcha kandi) registered with PPVFRA (65/ 2015) became the first Farmer’s variety for Telangana State.
13.1 Germplasm Quarantine and Fusarium solani from Mexico, Pestalotia sp. and Rhizoctonia bataticola from Philippines, Lasiodiplodia A total of 42,885 samples comprising 25, 508 import sp. and Stenocarpella maydis from USA, samples and 17,377 [15, 715+1662] export samples were Stenocarpella sp. from Colombia, R. solani, R. received for quarantine processing as detailed below. bataticola, S. maydis and Lasiodiplodia maydis from In all, three international organizations, eight public Thailand; Sorghum: Colletotrichum graminicola from organizations (ICAR/CSIR institutes,universities/state govt. organizations) and 34 private organizations received Argentina, Mali and Nigeria, Drechslera setariae and the quarantine service from this station. M. roridum from Argentina, Rhizoctonia bataticola from Mali and Nigeria; Fusarium equiseti, Drechslera 13.1.1 Import Quarantine: A total of 25,508 samples setariae from Mali, Sporisorium cruentum from Niger; including paddy (10,603); maize (8,943); wheat (20), Barley: R. solani from Australia; Cotton: Lasiodiplodia barley (190), sorghum (2,221); pearl millet (110); soybean sp. and R.bataticola from USA; Soybean: Peronospora (145); sunflower (561); groundnut (200), black gram (21); manshurica, a quarantine pest from Costa Rica and mung bean (296); chickpea (57); chilli (63); tomato (249); USA; Sunflower: Alternaria helianthi from Argentina, brinjal (80); bitter gourd (24); ridge gourd (24); bottle Plasmopara halstedii and Myrothecium roridum from gourd (5); Cucumis spp. (52); cabbage (268); cauliflower USA; Cucurbits: Pseudoperonospora cubensis and (98); Acacia (40); Eucalyptus spp (614); rapeseed (257); Choanephora sp. on bittergourd from Thailand; P. garlic (16); watermelon (148), tobacco (203); were cubensis on bottlegourd from USA; Choanephora sp. imported from different countries. on ridgegourd from USA; Brassica rapa: Alternaria 13.1.1.1 Interceptions brassicicola from UK; cabbage: Peronospora parasitica on from USA; and garlic (seeds and cloves): Pathogens: During processing, the following major Stemphylium sp. from Israel. pathogens were intercepted. Maize: Rhizoctonia solani
108 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Insect pests: On maize, Tribolium castaneum from discarded tubes were sent to NBPGR, New Delhi for Italy, Mexico; Sitophilus oryzae from Colombia; exploring the possibility of salvaging the material. Rhyzopertha dominica from Italy and Thailand, S. 13.1.4 Import germplasm salvaging details: zeamais (live insects) from Egypt, Italy and Thailand, Corcyra cephalonica and T. castaneum from Nigeria Total number of samples infected/infested: 14,507 were intercepted. In addition, S. oryzae and S. zeamais on paddy from Philippines; C. cephalonica and (Fungi: 14,507; Bacteria: 24; Viruses: 19; Nematodes: Cryptolestes ferrugineus on sorghum from Mali and Nil; Insects: 188); a total of 14,466 samples were R. dominica on sorghum from Nigeria; C. cephalonica salvaged and 51 samples were rejected belonging to on sunflower from USA; and Caryedon serratus on sunflower (2), soybean (41) and barley (8). Acacia from Australia were the other insect 13.1.5 Post-entry Quarantine Observations interceptions. Post-entry quarantine inspection was conducted on 4,909 13.1.2 Imports processed and released: Seed samples of different crops grown at PEQIA of ICRISAT samples released (26,760) included paddy (10,809), (744), ICRISAT glasshouse (396), private industry maize (10,136), wheat (14), barley (182), sorghum (3,091) and NBPGR greenhouse (678). (2,040), pearlmillet (110), black gram (21), mung bean (296), chickpea (57), groundnut (200), sunflower (703), ICRISAT-PEQIA: Post-entry quarantine inspection safflower (44), soybean (271), rape seed (257), chilli was carried out on sorghum germplasm (744 accessions) (63), tomato (218), brinjal (80), bitter gourd (24), bottle from Mali (82), Niger (448) and Nigeria (214), and grown gourd (5), ridge gourd (24), water melon (179), tobacco at PEQ isolation area, ICRISAT. Downy mildew (203), cotton (198), Acacia sp. (40), cauliflower-98; (Peronosclerospora sorghi) incidence (~10%) was Cucumis spp (52); garlic (16); cabbage (268); noticed on many accessions from Niger. All the infected Eucalyptus spp. (152) after necessary mandatory plants were uprooted and incinerated. treatments. ICRISAT-Glasshouse: Inspections were carried out Fifty-one samples consisting of soybean (41), sunflower on crop germplasm (396 accessions) including two (2) and barley (08) were not released due to the following samples of sorghum (one each from Ghana and Ethiopia); reasons. Sunflower samples (2) from USA were infected 296 mung bean accessions from Taiwan, meant for with downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) pathogen; AVRDC; 70 accessions of soybean and 21 accessions soybean samples from Costa Rica and USA with downy of black gram from Taiwan, meant for AVRDC and mildew (Peronospora manshurica) incidence (12) and seven wild pigeonpea accessions (consignment was seed borne viruses (19). Soybean seed borne viruses imported in 2013 and due to lack of sufficient seed, were detected at NBPGR, New Delhi. Remaining 10 sowing was taken up in the glasshouse and transplanted soybean samples did not produce seed. Eight accessions later in the main field). Black gram samples, suspected of barley from France, infected with Pseudomonas sp. with GBNV, did not reveal positive in ELISA. were detained. Private Industry: Inspections were carried out on crop 13.1.3 Quarantine examination of banana tissue germplasm (2,269 accessions) consisting of maize culture tubes from ITC, Belgium: A pathologist from (1,291), paddy (707), cotton (234), Jatropha curcas (17), this station visited ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) (3), and tobacco (17) Research, Bengaluru and inspected 74 in vitro culture meant for private industry. Besides these, 822 tubes with proliferating tissue of 37 wild banana accessions of transgenics (paddy (16) and arabidopsis accessions under stereo-binocular microscope. Of the (806)) were also inspected and found healthy. 74 tubes, one tube (ITC0246) infested with live mite Three maize samples were found infected with the target and 54 tubes due to the presence of pycnidial bodies pest, Acremonium strictum. Rhodes grass leaf samples (suspected), bacterial rotting and lack of rooting and of three accessions revealed the presence of Alternaria sprouting were detained. Sixteen apparently healthy alternata, Curvularia lunata, Drechslera halodes, culture tubes could be released to the consignee for Epicoccum sp., Fusarium semitectum and Phoma sp. further necessary experimentation only after finding One accession, EC837434 showed the presence of rust them free from virus/bacterial/fungal infection. The spores (Puccinia sp). Paddy samples were infected with
REGIONAL STATION, HYDERABAD 109 different target pests, viz., Cochliobolus carbonum (1), consisting of chickpea (8), and one each of pearl millet Aphelenchoides besseyi (17), and Ditylenchus and maize were not found suitable for export, hence angustus (2) and on incubation, seed samples of 3 detained. In all, 23 Phytosanitary Certificates were accessions and leaf samples of 4 accessions revealed issued. the presence of Alternaria alternata, Curvularia Exports (ICRISAT): Number of samples ovoidea, Stemphylium sp., Phoma sp. and Nigrospora oryzae. Transgenic paddy immature seed samples of 6 Crop Received Rejected Released accessions with brown discolouration were collected. Sorghum 163 - 163 Pearl millet 52 1 51 On incubation, Acremonium sp., Alternaria alternata, Chickpea 57 8 49 Curvularia lunata, Drechslera halodes, and Pigeon pea 31 - 31 Nigrospora sp. were obtained. In jatropha, incidence Exports (CIMMYT) of mites and leaf webber, Jatropha mosaic virus, Maize 15,412 1 15,411 anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum), Grand Total 15,715 10 15,705 Cercospora sp., Alternaria raphani and Phoma sp. In addition, a sum of 1,662 samples of ICRISAT mandate was noticed in many accessions. Incidence of Tobacco crops, viz., sorghum (279), pearl millet (127), chickpea leaf curl virus and Tobacco mosaic virus was observed (20), pigeonpea (1,110), groundnut (100) and small millets on tobacco accessions from USA. Although symptoms (26), along with 100 duplicate samples for viability test typical of CMV infection were noticed in few plants, were processed and sent to Svalbard Genebank for ELISA testing did not reveal the CMV infection. Leaf conservation. spots revealed the presence of Drechslera sp., Curvularia lunata and Alternaria alternata. 13.3 Seed Health Testing Infestation of aphids and Spodoptera litura was Samples consisting of paddy (306) and maize (54), recorded in few accessions. submitted by different prívate companies, were tested NBPGR-Greenhouse and found free from target pests, except four maize samples, which were found infected with Acremonium A total of 678 samples, including soybean from Canada strictum, and three samples with downy mildew (74), Costa Rica (238), and USA (2); watermelon (173) pathogen, Sclerospora maydis; paddy samples (142) and wild brinjal (21) from USA; bottle gourd (9) from were infected with different target pests, viz., five with USA; safflower (22 accessions) from Germany, ridge downy mildew oospores i.e., Sclerospora macrospora, gourd from USA (24) and Thailand (4); chilli (89) and Alternaria padwickii (3), Cochliobolus carbonum (1), bitter gourd (22) from Thailand, grown in the quarantine Aphelenchoides besseyi (88), Sitotroga cerealella greenhouse were inspected at regular intervals and leaf (20), one sample infected with Xanthomonas oryzae, samples suspected with viruses/fungi were collected by Ditylenchus angustus (2) and 22 samples were found the pathologist and virologists from NBPGR, New Delhi. infected with Pseudomonas spp. One soybean accession from Canada, EC842279 was found infected with anthracnose fungus, Colletotrichum 13.4 Plant Exploration and Germplasm lindemuthianum. Collection PEQ Releases Two explorations were undertaken in Andhra Pradesh and adjoining states for the collection of germplasm and The healthy harvest from 623 crop samples consisting 196 accessions in diverse agri-horticultural crops and of soybean-Costa Rica (199) and USA (2), watermelon their wild relatives were collected as detailed below: (31), maize-USA (356) , Philippines (22) , Egypt (1) and bittergourd (12) from Thailand were released. 13.4.1 Wild relatives of pigeonpea: An exploration was undertaken for the collection of wild relatives of 13.2 Export Quarantine pigeon pea from parts of Shervaroy hills, Pacchhamalais 13.2.1 Exports processed: Crop germplasm samples and Kolli Hills of Namakkal, Salem, and Tiruchirapalli (15,715) consisting of maize (15,412) and sorghum (163), districts of Tamil Nadu. The exploration was conducted pearlmillet (52), pigeonpea (31), and chickpea (57) were in collaboration with IIPR Kanpur/AICRP on Pulses, processed for export to different countries by CIMMYT TNAU, Coimbatore. A total of 29 collections were and ICRISAT, respectively. However, nine samples made including Cajanus albicans, C. rugosus,
110 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 C. scarabaeoides, C. platycarpus, C. sericeus, C. Greengram: Clusters/plant (ML-267 (13)); IC436551 cajanifolius, Rhynchosia rufescens, R. minima, (24), IC343964 (23); pods/plant : IC413315 (125), Crotalaria shevaroyensis, C. micans, C. longipes, C. KARS-47 IC436551 (120); seeds/pod: IC436664, laburnifolia and Cajanus sp., Tephrosia spp., and IC436534 (15); pod length IC436534 (11), IC436664 (11). Abrus precatorius. In addition 43 accessions including Pillipesara: Plant height:IC553530 (71cm), IC550532 hill types of pigeon pea, lablab bean, French bean, (69 cm); clusters/plant IC553525 (23), IC550540 (20); cowpea, greengram and horsegram were also collected. Pods/plant: IC553517 (104), IC553525 (99); seeds/pod: 13.4.2 Wild relatives of jute: An exploration was IC553502 (15), IC550540 (15); pod length IC553502 (6), undertaken for the collection of wild relatives of jute in IC553547 (6). parts of South Coastal and Rayalaseema regions of Horsegram: Plant height (Palem 2- 80 cm): NSJ/NAIP/ Andhra Pradesh including Guntur, Prakasam and 031 (98.3 cm), IC107214 (90.6 cm); total chlorophyll Kurnool districts. The exploration was undertaken in (Spad value) (Palem 2- 31.08): IC426580 (40.6), collaboration with ICAR-CRIJAF, Barrackpore. A total IC426521 (39.1), IC426525 (39.1), IC426456 (39.1); of 124 accessions were collected including Corchorus, pods/plant (Palem 2 - 221.3): IC426463 (313), Crotalaria and Hibiscus [Corchorus aestuans PSRJ13089 (244), IC17543 (229); pod length (S6- (15), C.capsularis (1), C. fascicularis (16), C. 7.5cm): IC313367 (8.5 cm), IC426475 (8.3 cm), olitorius (19), C. tridens (22), C. trilocularis (28), C. IC467863 (8.2 cm), IC280030 (8.1 cm). urticifolius (8), Crotalaria sp. (2) and Hibiscus ovalifolius (1)] were collected. In addition, landrace Amaranths: Days to flowering: IC561304 (50 days), diversity in kenaf (3) and roselle (9) were also collected. IC585682 (35 days). 13.5 Germplasm Evaluation Chilli: early flowering: PSR-7074, PSR-7075 (89 days); early maturity: RJR-402 (155 days); fruit length: A total of 771 accessions were grown for IC572479 (17.9cm); 10 dry fruit weight: IC537581 (23g). characterisation and evaluation during Kharif 2015 including greengram (84), horsegram (140), foxtail millet Field bean: Pod length - IC26943 (9.5 cm); 10 fresh (168), amaranths (60), field bean (26) small millets (128), pod weight - IC26908 (54.4 g). pillipesara (30), chilli (81), maize (33), sorghum (10), black gram (4) and green gram (7). Sowing of 448 Dolichos bean: Early flowering: IC426988, KP/SC- accessions of diverse crops including chickpea (7), 1558 and RJR-204 (49 days); early maturing: KP/SC- dolichos bean (25), Italian millet (10), proso millet (5) 1558 and SGD-136 (77 days). and safflower (11), sorghum (150), ricebean (55), tomato Italian millet: Early flowering: ISe1312 (33 days); ear (95) and brinjal (90) was taken up as part of Rabi length: AR-13 (37.6cm); 100 seed weight: ISe663 sowings. Promising accessions were identified in (0.48g); yield/ plant: ISe200 (71.4g); protein: ISe1312 different crops for various traits. (14.6 %). Sorghum: Days to 50% flowering (Phule Anuradha (69): 13.5.1 Studies on traits of resistance to thrips and IS14861, IS23992, IS12965 (56) IS25249, IS24218, mites in chilli: Field studies were undertaken on 83 IS24139 (97); plant height (CSV-22 (243 cm), M35-1(190 chilli accessions during Kharif 2015-16 for the biotic cm)): IS26025 (368.7), IS24249 (362); ear head length stress screening against the thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis (CSV-216 (21.9 cm): IS7957 (52.7), IS12804 (50.7); 100 Hood and mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks in seed weight (M35-1 (3.0g): IS16528 (5) IS12706, an augmented block design. Check varieties viz., Pusa IS26222 (4.8). Jwala (resistant), LCA 334 (moderately resistant) and Linseed: Plant height (RLC-6 39.0cm): IC96645(53.0), CA 960 (susceptible) were included to compare the IC96629(52.0), IC96552(48.0); days to 50% flowering reactions of chilli accessions to the sucking pests. The (Kiran (59.8): IC96637 (55.5), IC96627 (55.5), IC96638 genotypes IC338786 and IC344727 exhibited a resistant (55.5); days to maturity (Garima (93.5): IC96628 (90.0), reaction in the successive observations at 45, 60 and 75 IC96623 (90.0), IC96627 (90.5); capsules/ plant (RLC- days after transplantation by recording a low percent 6 (152.0): IC96568 (393.0), IC96660 (312.0); 100-seed Leaf curl Index (PLI) value of < 10, while three weight (Kiran 0.54g): IC96627 (0.78), IC96624 (0.77). accessions viz., IC536664, EC391087 and IC342394
REGIONAL STATION, HYDERABAD 111 were moderately resistant to the pest infestation (PLI Germplasm shared with NAGS: A total of 105 11-25). The remaining 52 accessions were graded as samples of amaranth germplasm collected during an susceptible (PLI 26-50) while 26 accessions were found exploration were shared with ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru. to be having a highly susceptible reaction (PLI 51-100) Germplasm sent to GHU: A total of 105 samples of for the thrips and mites in chilli. Amaranth germplasm collected during an exploration in 13.5.2 Thrips species diversity studies in chilli: October-November 2014 have been processed and sent The study on the species diversity in chilli thrips revealed to GHU, NBPGR, New Delhi. In addition to these, 39 that the population consisted of Scirtothrips accessions (barnyard millet (1), Brachiaria ramosa dorsalis, Frankliniella schultzei, Thrips palmi, T. (17), finger millet (3), Italian millet (2), kodo millet (3), hawaiiensis and Haplothrips verbasi. little millet (1), paddy (11) and Setaria glauca (1)) were sent for national accessioning and for NGB conservation. S. dorsalis was the dominant species among the thrips which constituted about 89.7% of the population, while Medium Term Module: 686 samples including F. schultzei (4.1%); T. hawaiiensis (3.6%); T. exploration vouchers (174) and multiplied germplasm palmi (1.4%) and H. verbasi (1.2%) were minor ones. (512) of pillipesara (30), green gram (84), horsegram The S. dorsalis was observed on the leaves and fruits (140), amaranths (60), millets (158), and others (40) were while the other species were found only on the flowers. added to the MTM at the station. In addition, 368 samples of paddy from ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research 13.6 Germplasm Conservation were also stored in the MTM. Germination and seedling Germplasm sent to NGB: A total of 111 accessions vigour was monitored in 200 accessions each of green of Italian millet (Mini-Core developed by ICRISAT) were gram, horse gram and black gram. sent to NGB for Long Term Storage. Fifty accessions 13.7 Germplasm Distribution of multiplied chilli germplasm were also sent to NGB for long-term conservation. In addition, multiplied A total of 880 accessions of various crops and wild imported seed samples of Portulaca oleracea (11) from relatives including finger millet (30), barnyard millet (22), Germany and Eragrostis tef (17) from USA submitted Italian millet (46), kodo millet (14), little millet (43), by CSIR-CFTRI, Mysore and okra (6) from Taiwan prosomillet (8) black gram, (50), green gram, (50), and tomato (9) from USA submitted by pillipesara (30), pigeonpea (1), amaranths (2), tomato M/s Clause (I) Ltd, Bangalore were deposited with (245), chillies (71), Capsicum frutescens (15, C. National Genebank, NBPGR, New Delhi. baccatum (6), brinjal (170), wild brinjal (5), Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (20), L. hirsutum (1), L. peruvianum (1), okra (39), Abelmoschus ficulneus (2), A. manihot (2), Abelmoschus spp. (7) were supplied to 17 institutes against 30 indents for research purposes. 13.8 Germplasm Registration (PPVFRA) A pigeonpea farmer’s variety (Erramachcha kandi), promising with very tall plant habit (235 cm), medium maturing, heavy bearing (269 pods/ plant), long green pods (9.4 cm) with brown streaks, seed cream with reddish-brown mottles/ speckles having high seed weight (18.0 g; protein- 22.0%; high soluble sugars- 23.9%; low starch- 30.4%) submitted by BMC Jhari Village, Kerameri Mandal, Adilabad District, Telangana registered with PPVFRA and a Certificate (65/ 2015) was awarded. This became the first farmer’s variety to be registered for Telangana state and third in the country for pigeonpea that have been registered.
112 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) Programme I PGR/PQR- HYD-01.00: Quarantine processing of plant germplasm under exchange and supportive research (SK Chakrabarty (till November, 2015), B Sarath Babu (w.e.f December 2015) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-01.01: Detection, identification and control of pests associated with import and export of seed/ plant material. (K Anitha, SK Chakrabarty, B Sarath Babu, N Somasekhar, N Sivaraj, K Rameash and Babu Abraham) PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-01.02: Post-entry quarantine processing of imported germplasm (SK Chakrabarty, B Sarath Babu, K Anitha, K Rameash and Babu Abraham)
Programme II PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.00: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources of Southeast central Zone (SK Chakrabarty (till November, 2015), B Sarath Babu (w.e.f December 2015) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources of agricultural crops (cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, etc.) and their wild relatives. (K Venkateswaran, SR Pandravada, N Sivaraj and Babu Abraham) PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources of horticultural crops (vegetables, fruits, species, medicinal and aromatic plants etc.) and their wild relatives. (SR Pandravada, K Venkateswaran, N Sivaraj and Babu Abraham) PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.03: Characterization and evaluation of wild edible crops of leguminosae (N Sivaraj, ER Nayar (till February 2015), SR Pandravada, K Venkateswaran and Babu Abraham) PGR/PQR-BUR-HYD-02.04: Studies on traits of resistance to thrips and mites in chilli (K Rameash, B Sarath Babu and SR Pandravada)
REGIONAL STATION, HYDERABAD 113 REGIONAL STATION, JODHPUR 14
Summary: Twenty three accessions comprising wild mustard (4), wheat (3), bajra (6), cowpea (3), clusterbean (3), mothbean (4) and fenugreek (1) were collected from the Luni and Osean blocks of Jodhpur district. During Rabi 2014-15, a set of 495 accessions of wheat, were evaluated for terminal heat tolerance, in three different dates of sowing, Brassica (82) and fenugreek (165) were evaluated in the field for their agronomic traits. Some of the wheat accessions have shown terminal heat tolerance in terms of yield and test weight. An accession of wheat, identified in previous year with large spike has been confirmed. Three accessions of methi i) early maturing (93 days), ii) having huge foliage and iii) having small seed with high aroma, identified previous year, have been validated. During Summer 2015, accessions of guar (290), mungbean (124), mothbean (127) and cowpea (155 ) have been evaluated for the traits of agronomical importance. The performance of guar 2 accession IC47564-P7 has been verified that yielded 31.55 qtls/ha of grain in a large plot size of 36 m at the line to line and plant to plant distance of 20 and 10 cm respectively. The another vegetable type guar accession IC432117-P7 has also been verified that yielded 27% higher green pods yield than best check Pusa Navbahar. Two accessions of mothbean IC36786 and IC37822 have been reconfirmed for their inbuilt resistance to crinkle virus disease under field conditions. During Kharif 2015, 3,178 accessions of different crops including cluster bean (872), mungbean (355), mothbean (328), cowpea (497), sesame (220), pearlmillet (823), finger millet (41) and little millet (29) accessions have been evaluated. The grain yield of early maturing (50 days) bold seeded genotype IC39289 of mungbean has further been verified as 14.5 qtls/ha in first picking of pods and same amount of yield achieved in second picking of pods. An early maturity (53 days) of mothbean accession IC120963 identified previous year, also confirmed this year. Accession of mothbean IC16218 has been verified for its genetic resistance to cercospora pathogen. Cowpea accession IC36522 has been verified for its genetic resistance to Yellow mosaic virus disease. Another accession of cowpea C-720 has also been verified for possessing insect resistance. Two different accessions of ber i.e. stoneless ber and another one for fruit fly resistance identified previous year have been reconfirmed. New accession of cowpea that matures in 45 days has been developed following single plant selection. A total of 776 accessions of germplasm of horticultural plants are being maintained as live plants. The 300 accessions of pearlmillet were multiplied by sib mating. The 37,896 accessions of agri-horticultural crops are being conserved at the station either being maintained as live plants in the field genebank or seed being conserved in the MTS facilities.
14.1 Exploration and Collection of Germplasm (42 accessions) and ABD (503 accessions) for their agronomical traits like days to 50% flowering, days to Twenty three accessions comprising wild mustard (4), maturity, number of productive tillers per plant, number wheat (3), bajra (6), cowpea (3), clusterbean (3), of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spikelet, grain mothbean (4) and fenugreek (1) were collected from yield and 1000- seed weight. A lot of variability was farmer’s fields of Luni and Osean blocks of Jodhpur recorded for all studied traits. Some of the promising district. accessions have been identified which can be used by 14.2 Evaluation of Germplasm during Rabi the breeders in their wheat breeding programmes. One Season accession identified during previous year for its large 14.2.1 Evaluation of wheat germplasm for terminal and heavy spike has been verified. heat tolerance: A set of 195 accessions were sown 14.2.3 Evaluation of Brassica germplasm: The 47 on three dates i.e. November 17, 2014, December 12, accessions of Brassica spp. were evaluated in RBD 2014 and December 30, 2014 in the Augmented Block for their agronomical traits like plant height, number of Design (ABD) with the objective to screen wheat primary and secondary branches per plant, number of germplasm for terminal heat tolerance while exposing siliquae per plant, seed yield per plant, 1000- seed weight, them to higher temperature (>35oC) during reproductive days to 50% flowering and days to maturity. Some of period (from anthesis to physiological maturity). Some the promising accessions have been identified for each of the accessions have shown tolerance to higher trait which can be used by the Brassica breeders in temperature as their test weight and yield were stable their breeding programme. in all three dates of sowings. 14.2.4 Evaluation of fenugreek germplasm: 14.2.2 Evaluation of wheat germplasm for Germplssm accessions of fenugreek (165) were agronomical traits: Another 495 accessions of evaluated in ABD for the traits of agronomical indigenous and exotic collections were evaluated in RBD importance. Some of the promising accessions have been
114 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 identified for each observed trait which can be used by (823) fingermillet (41) and littlemillet (29) were evaluated the fenugreek breeders in their breeding programme. following ABD in most cases and RBD in some cases. The accessions for the traits like early maturing (93 days), The promising accessions were identified for different high aroma and larger and dense leaves which were traits. identified last year have been reconfirmed. 14.4.1 Evaluation of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) germplasm: The 872 accessions of guar were evaluated for the traits of agronomical importance. All accessions have also been screened for bacterial blight resistance but none of the accession was found resistant. Some of the accessions have been identified to be higher in yield, number of clusters per plant and number of pods per cluster. Fig 14.1. Early maturing (93 days) accession of fenugreek 14.4.2 Evaluation of mothbean (Vigna aconitifolia): 14.3 Evaluation of Gemplasm during The 328 accessions of mothbean have been evaluated Summer Season for traits of agronomic importance. Some of the accessions have been high yielding with large seed size. 14.3.1 Evaluation of guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) An accession IC120963 has been identified that matures germplasm: The 290 accessions of guar were evaluated in just 53 days and has high yield potential. in ABD during summer season for the traits of agronomical importance and for identification of suitable cultivar(s) for cultivation during Summer season. Some of the genotypes performed better than best performing check and they will be tested further during Summer 2016. Some spontaneous mutant plants with determinate growth habit and photo-insensitive identified during previous years have been re-confirmed. The accession IC47564, identified earlier, yielded 31.55 qtls/ha grain in a large plot size of 36 m2 at the line to line and plant to plant distances of 20 and 10 cm, respectively. The another vegetable type guar accession IC432117, also identified earlier, yielded 27% higher yield than best check Pusa Navbahar. 14.3.2 Evaluation of mothbean (Vigna aconitifolia): The 127 accessions of mothbean were evaluated in ABD for the traits of agronomical Fig 14.2. Mothbean accession matures in 53 days and importance. The genotypes IC39786 and IC39822 which has high yield potential were identified earlier years to be having absolute genetic resistance to crinkle virus disease have been 14.4.3 Evaluation of mungbean (Vigna radiata) and further reconfirmed. cowpea germplasm: The 355 accessions of mungbean 14.3.3 Evaluation of mungbean (Vigna radiata) and and 497 accessions of cowpea were evaluated for agronomic traits in ABD. Bold seeded accession with cowpea germplasm: The 124 accessions of mungbean high yield potential of in both crops has been identified. and 155 accessions of cowpea were evaluated for An accession IC39289of mungbean that matures in just agronomical traits in ABD. Bold seeded accessions with 50 days and yields 14.5 qtls/ha also having bold seed (6 high yield potential were identified. to 6.5 gm/ 100 seed weight) has been identified. After 14.4 Evaluation of germplasm during Kharif first picking at 50 days, it flowered again and in next 20 season days it further yielded 14 qtls/ha. of grain yield. It had The accessions of cluster bean (872), mungbean (355), huge biomass also. A cowpea line has been developed mothbean (328), cowpea (497), sesame (220), pearl millet through single plant selection that matures in 45 days.
REGIONAL STATION, JODHPUR 115 Fig 14.3. Dr JS Sandhu (DDG, Crop Science, ICAR) examining the accession IC39289 of mungbean that matures in 50 days with huge yield potential
Fig 14.4. A cowpea genotype developed through single plant selection matures in 45 days
14.4.3 Germplasm of other crops like sesame (220), covering the spike of all plants at the time of flowering pearl millet (823) finger millet (41) and little millet (29) using butter paper bag and muslin cloth bag. accessions had been evaluated following ABD in most 14.6 Germplasm Conservation cases and RBD in some cases. The promising accessions for yield contributing traits have been identified which The 37,896 accessions of agri-horticultural crops are can be used by the respective crop breeders in their being conserved at the station, which are either being breeding programme for genetic enhancement of crop maintained as live plants in the field genebank or their species or varietal improvement. seed being conserved in the MTS facilities. In MTS, seeds of a total of 35,849 accessions of cereals and 14.5 Seed Multiplication millets (14,653), legumes (14,023), plants of economic Seeds of 350 accessions of pearl millet were multiplied importance (1,025), medicinal plants (581), horticultural by sib mating following the newly developed technique crops (2,876), fiber and fodder plants (511), and other of sowing of seeds of an accession in rings and then crop species (2,180) are being maintained.
116 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Table 14.1. Germplasm of different species being maintained as live plants in the field genebank. Crop/ taxa group Number Crop/ taxa Accessions Fruits 26 263 Ornamentals 10 53 Oil yielding plants 06 212 Medicinal & Aromatic plants 39 148 Multipurpose trees 17 44 Fiber yielding plants 01 08 Forage grasses 05 14 Others 09 10 Total 113 752
14.7 Germplasm Supplied (168), muskmelon (16), pearl millet (95), atriplex (3), ber (9), cucumber (47), finger millet (32), withania (3), A total of 1,234 accessions of various crop species viz., castor (62) and minor millets (45) were supplied to guar (364), cowpea (189), mothbean (201), mungbean indenters under MTA.
Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) PGR/GEV-BUR-JOD-01.00- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources in arid and semiarid regions (Om Vir Singh) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, Co PIs and Associates) PGR/GEV-BUR-JOD-01.01- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources of field crops in arid and semi-arid regions. (Om Vir Singh and AK Singh) PGR/GEV-BUR-JOD-01.02- Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources of horticultural crops in arid and semi-arid regions. (AK Singh and Om Vir Singh)
REGIONAL STATION, JODHPUR 117 BASE CENTRE, RANCHI 15
Summary: Two exploration and collection programmes were conducted, first one on pigeonpea in Singh Bhumand and Saraikela Kharsanwa districts of Jharkhand and second for collection of known landraces of drought tolerant rice and finger- millet in Raigarh, Balod, Rajnandgoan, Kanker, Narayanpur and Kanda goan districts of Chhattisgarh. A total of 84 germplasm samples comprising pigeonpea (24), rice (48) and finger millet (12) were collected. During Kharif 2015, a total of 125 accessions of pigeonpea (67), paddy (23), fingermillet (17) and ricebean were evaluated and multiplied. In fruit crops a total of 300 accessions include jackfruit (109), bael (137), jamun (43) and sanjan (11) were characterized for some fruit related characters and superior accessions were identified. More than 300 species on M & AP have been multiplied and maintaining in field genebank. Agri-horticultural crops germplasm have been maintenance in field gene bank viz: jackfruit (300), tama- rind (67), jamun (51), bael (170), barhal (14), aonla (19), mango (19), banana (34), menhdi (25) and sainjna (14) and jatropha. A total of 159 germplasm accessions were supplied to various researchers/ indenters. A set of 147 accessions of pigeonpea were supplied for chemical analysis and 71 accessions of drought tolerant rice landraces collected in Jharkhand (23) and Chhattisgarh (48) were sent to LTS.
15.1 Exploration and Germplasm Collection Paradhan, Kaladhan, Lalichaudah, Bans- bhidadhan, Luchaidhan, Kolinga, Chuhkhadan, 15.1.1. Germplasm collection of pigeonpea in Dumar-phool, Chirai-nakhi, Ghadha-khuntadhan, Jharkhand: Collection trip for pigeonpea was conducted Barangi, Gurmatiadhan, Bhata-sapri, Culture, in East & West Singhbhum and Saraikela Kharsanwa Bhursi, Khut-bodidhan, Ashan-churi, Mundaria, districts of Jharkhand, and a total of 24 samples were Haldighati, Bhata-sona and Anjandhan. These collected. Collections represent landraces viz: Chaitali/ landraces are cultivated in uplands (bhata/tikra/dand/ Chaitki, Maghey-Reyadi, Sarad-Reyadi, Bar-Reyadi, tand) soils only. Considerable diversity was observed on Dughada and Loghuna. These landraces have been in grain and seed colour, size and shape etc. cultivation mostly in Tand (upland) soils and landraces Dugdha and Chaitali are said to be resistant to drought and pod borer. 15.1.2. Germplasm collection of known landraces of rice and finger millet in Jharkhand: Exploration trip was conducted in Raigarh, Balod, Rajnandgoan, Kanker, Narayanpur and Kandagoan districts of Chhattisgarh. A total of 60 samples of rice (48) and finger millet (12) were collected. The main landraces of rice Fig 15.3. Variability in grain Fig 15.4. Interaction with collected are: Ampo, Parasmani, Desi-sapri, colour, shape and size in a great donor of rice Dawardhan (awned), Dawardhan (unawned), collected rice collection in a very Laldhan, Shridhan, Sathia, Jandradhan, Turiadhan, remote place in Bayodhan, Koliadhan, Dokra-muchhadhan, Bhanupratappur, Kanker
15.2. Germplasm Evaluation, Characterization and Multiplication
15.2.1. A total of 151 accessions of pigeonpea germplasm were evaluated for sixteen characters in ABD. The recorded data analyzed and superior accessions were identified and presented with range of Fig 15.1. A familiar Fig 15.2. PGR awareness variability and mean in Table 5.1. A set of 67 accessions pigeonpea landrace programme conducted Dugdha in West among the tribal farmers were sown for evaluation and multiplication.The Singhbhum collected from in Saraikela Kharsanva performance of crop is very good and data recoding is village Nalduha district during pigeonpea in progress. A total 63 accessions comprising rice (23), collection trip finger millet (17) and rice bean (23) were multiplied and
118 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 evaluated for important quantitative/ qualitative characters in RBD. The recorded data was analyzed and superior gemplasm accessions were identified. The mean, range of variability and superior/elite accessions Fig 15.5. Variability in pods Fig 15.6. Variation in root Fig 15.7. Variation in of pigeonpea germplasm length of drought tolerant maturity in fingermillet are given in Table 15.1. landraces of rice germplasm Table 15.1. Mean, range and superior germplasm accessions of pigeonpea, rice finger millet and rice bean Crops Characters Mean Range Best check Promising/ superior accessions value Pigeonpea Days to 50% flower 119.75 80 - 169 NDA (122) RSR 14/5,RSR 14/13 (80), RSR 14/ 13 (83) Days to 80% maturity 250.57 219 - 284 Bahar (269) IC611236 (219),SKB 1/104 (220),IC611205 (223) Plant height (cm) 254.96 172 - 333.3 NDA (313.3) RSR 14/25 (333.3), SKB 1/110 (326.6),RSR 14/6(316.6) Primary branches/plant 25.51 14.5 - 41.0 NDA (32.3) RSR 14/8 (41),RSR 14/24 (37.6), SKB 1/110 (35.3), IC585853 (35.0) Pods/cluster 4.0 2.6 - 6.30 NDA (5.6) IC611248 (6.3), IC611258 & IC611258 (5.6) Pod length (cm) 5.16 3.0 -9.33 NDA (6.33) RSR 14/6 (9.33), RSR 14/13 (8.50), RSR 14/14 (8.23) Pod width (mm) 7.48 5.3 – 16.6 NDA&Bahar (9.0) IC- 611640 (16.6), RSR 14/14 (13.0), RSR 14/13 (10.0) Grains/pod 4.32 3.6 -6.0 NDA&Bahar (5.0) RSR 14/6, RSR 14/13, RSR 14/14 (6.0) 100 seed wt. (g) 8.74 5.58 - 21.96 NDA (9.32) RSR14/13(21.96), RSR 14/6 (19.82), RSR14/4 (16.84), RSR 14/ 14 (15.58) Yield/plant (g) 135.24 23.22 - 398.65 Bahar (160.24) RSR14/5(398.65),IC611205 (380.88), IC0611271& IC611230 (183.72) Rice Days to 50% flowering 61.06 52.66-95 Lalgoda ( 95) IC613829 (52.66), IC613826 (53.33) No. of tiller/plant 6.7 4.44-7.66 Lalgoda (7.20) RSR2/JLM-12(7.663), IC613825 (7.55) Plant height (cm) 96.04 71.21-120.23 Lalgoda (75.33) RSR2/JLM-14(120.23),IC613819 (117.11) Panicle length (cm) 18.5 12.99-24.22 Lalgoda (15.33) RSR2/JLM-14 (24.22), IC613820 (23.88) Days to maturity 94.94 84-138 Karhani (138) RSR2/JLM-30 (84), RSR2/ JLM-14 (87) Leaf length (cm) 44.9 32.5-53.77 Karhani (36.66) RSR2/JLM-19 (53.77), IC613827 (52.78) Leaf width (mm) 0.96 0.61-1.16 Lalgoda (0.9) IC613820 (1.16), IC613821 (1.11) 100 seed wt.(g) 2.004 1.45-2.45 Karhani (2.423) IC613820 , IC613824 (2.45) Yield/plant (g) 11.897 6.42-21.99 Karhani (18.80) RSR2/JLM-14 (21.99) Finger millet Days to 50% flowering 62.97 45.0-73.33 BM-2 (65.67) IC612331 (45), IC612331 (46.33) Days to maturity 117.96 102.33-129.0 BM-2 (108) IC612331(102.33),IC612328 (102.66) Plant height in (cm) 104.63 80.11-128.55 A-104 (108.66) IC612332(128.55), IC612333 (127.66) Panicle length (cm) 7.92 6.16-11.92 A-104 (8.94) IC612321 (11.92), IC612331 (8.83) Finger/panicle 7.47 6.44-8.55 BM-2 (8.44) IC612326 (8.55), IC612318 (8.33) 10 ml seed wt. (g) 8.30 7.11-9.0 BM-2 (8.56) IC612317 (9.0), IC612318 (8.98)
BASE CENTRE, RANCHI 119 Yield/plant (g) 16.26 6.92-25.43 BM-2 (23.50) IC612318 (25.43), IC612337 (22.98) Rice bean Days of flowering 55.73 43-89 RBL-6(3.5) IC439515 (43), EC550045 (44), EC550043 (46) Days of maturity 76.235 71-87.5 RBL-6 (75.5) EC550046 (71), IC439513 (72), EC550040 (72) Plant height (cm) 114.96 86.50-158.0 RBL-1(147.49) EC550054 (158.0), EC550044 (130.0) No. of branch 5.52 3.49-6.83 RBL-1(7.16) EC550046 (6.83), EC550052 (6.66), IC439514 (6.50) Pod length (cm) 9.07 7.665-10.30 RBL-6 (9.25) EC550054 (10.30), IC439515 (10.10), EC550047 (9.83) No. of pods/cluster 5.14 3.66-8 RBL-1(6.33) IC439513 (8), EC550043 (6.66), IC439515 (6.33) No. of seeds/pod 9.25 7.16-12 RBL-6 (9.0) IC439515 (12), EC550048 (10.83), EC550045 (10.50) 100 seed wt. (g) 7.41 5.97-8.98 RBL-1(7.34) IC439513 (8.98), EC550044 (8.92), EC550047 (8.91) Yield/plant (g) 4.50 2.19-12.8 RBL-6 (11.72) EC550046 (12.80), EC550054 (7.28)
15.3 Germplasm Multiplication and Maintenance 15.3.1.Medicinal and aromatic plants: More than 300 plant species of medicinal and aromatic plants and economically important plant species are being maintained in the FGB as well as in the Net/Poly house.These are also multiplied for germplasm conservation and requirement for germplasm supply. Fig 15.8. Fruit variability in Fig 15.9 Promising jamun 15.4 Characterization and Maintenance of jamun accession IC376182 (fruit wt 9.27g) Horticultural Crops Germplasm A total of 288 germplasm accessions comprising jamun (43), bael (137) and jackfruit (109) were evaluated for important fruit related characters. The recorded data was analyzed and promising germplasm accessions were identified and mean, range of variability and superior/ promising accessions are presented in Table 15.2. More than 900 accessions of agri-horticultral crops comprising Fig 15.10. Jackfruit Fig 15.11. Flake variability aonla (19), bael (170), banana (34), barhal (14), jackfruit accession IC591173 in jackfruit (300), jamun (52), mango (19), menhdi (25), saijna (14) promising for longest tamarind (67) and jatropha have been maintaining in the (72 cm) and heaviest Field Genebank. (20 kg) fruit
Table 15.2. Mean, range and superior germplasm accessions of jackfruit, bael and jamun S.N. Character Mean Range Superior/promising accessions Jackfruit Days to maturity 104.60 70 - 160 IC591165 (70), IC591164 (71), IC24359 (83), IC24379 (83), IC591148 (72) No. of fruit/plant 9.62 1.0 - 57.0 IC24372 (57), IC24376 (51), IC24368 (44), IC21619 (43), IC24324 (40) Fruit weight (kg) 8.61 2.0 – 20.0 IC591146 (20), IC591173 (20), IC24370 (20), IC24327 (19), IC21630 (18) Fruit length (cm) 45.0 23.0 -72.0 IC591173 (72), IC320950 (72), IC376012 (61), IC591146 (64), IC24393(63) Fruit girth (cm) 70.92 47.0 - 115.0 IC591173 (115), IC24327 (100), IC339927 (96), IC591148 (96), IC591174 (94)
120 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 No. of seed/fruit 119.06 6 - 372 IC24327 (356), IC320950 (372), IC438856 (315), IC24325 (271), IC591160 (275) Flake length (cm) 3.31 2.66 - 4.53 IC591148 (4.5), IC591146 (4.43), IC376155 (4.26), IC591178 (4.0), IC21631 (3.86) Flake width (cm) 1.37 0.86 - 2.0 IC591173 (1.66), IC24362 (2), IC591149 (1.73), IC542359 (1.6), IC542362 (1.6) 100 Flake weight (gm) 371.19 160.8 – 670.0 IC542353 (670), IC591148 (608.28), IC417800 (586.96), IC591149 (576.08), IC24384 (560.88) Flake weight/fruit (gm) 549.09 40.2 - 2040.06 IC24327 (2040.066), IC320950 (1818.76), IC591160 (1391.19), IC24325 (1359.73), IC591173 (1298.26), Bael Days to fruit maturity 339.08 248-355 IC348036 (285), IC209938 (319), IC594256 (321) Fruits weight (m) 570.3309 194.95-1584.68 IC594266 (1467.62), IC436490 (1584.68), IC285279 (1266.94) Fruit length (cm) 16.42 11.62-24.25 IC594266 (24.25), IC436490 (23.37), IC436489 (22.25) Fruit girth (cm) 31.82 22.5-47.0 IC594266 (47.0), IC436490 (42.75), IC285308 (43) No. of seeds 69.31 17-139 IC285285 (17) ,IC594236 (29), IC436489 (37) Pericarp weight (g) 136.45 68.75-322.45 IC209936 (68.75), IC348042 (71.84), IC209920 (86.71) Pulp weight (g) 433.78 51.12-1467.84 IC594266 (1345.62), IC436490 (1467.84), IC436491 (1148.43) Jamun Per fruit weight (g) 3.55 0.77-9.27 IC376182 (9.27) , IC376183 (9.09), IC376184 (8.37), IC339913 (7.20), IC339912 (6.79) Pulp weight/fruit (g) 2.95 0.48-7.73 IC376182 (7.73), IC376183 (7.62), IC376184 (6.6), IC339913 (6.27), IC339912 (5.91) Seed weight/fruit (g) 0.6 0.16-1.78 IC339913 (0.93), IC376192 (0.99), IC376183 (1.46), IC376184 (1.77), IC376182 (1.54) Seed length (cm) 1.52 0.9-2.16 IC376182 (2.03), IC376183 (2.03), IC376184 (2.13), IC376196 (2.16), IC376200 (2.06) Seed girth (cm) 0.84 0.6-1.33 IC339911(1.1), IC376182 (1.16), IC376183 (1.06), IC376184 (1.33), IC376192 (1.03) Seed weight (%) 19.68 9.47-52.32 IC331740 (9.47), IC376187 (10.10), IC376190 (10.69) Pulp weight (%) 80.33 47.98-90.53 331740 (90.53), 376187 (89.9), 376190 (89.31)
15.5 Germplasm Supply 15.6 Germplasm Sent to LTS
A total of 236 germplasm accessions comprising A total of 174 germplasm samples comprising pigeonpea pigeonpea (147), drought tolerant rice (71), medicinal (81), rice (59), finger millet (12), rice bean (9) and M&AP and aromatic plants (85) and Solanum sp. (3) were (13) were sent for LTS. supplied to five indenters/ researchers.
Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) PGR/PGC-BUR-RAN-01.00: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources in Bihar, Jharkhand and adjoining areas (RS Rathi) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/PGC-BUR-RAN-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of agriculture crops, their wild relatives and economic species including medicinal plants [RS Rathi, SK Bishnoi (on study leave w.e.f. 2012) and AK Gupta] PGR/PGC-BUR-RAN-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of horticultural crops& perennial medicine [RS Rathi, SK Bishnoi (on study leave w.e.f. 2012) and AK Gupta]
BASE CENTRE, RANCHI 121 REGIONAL STATION, SHILLONG 16
Summary: A total of 1,055 accessions of agri-horticultural crop germplasm have been characterized during Kharif-2015 for agro-morphological traits. A set of 235 maize accessions collected from Mizoram has been phenotypically characterized and evaluated for reaction to Turcicum leaf blight. The hill rice germplasm (64 accessions) of Arunachal Pradesh was genotyped with SSR markers and population structure has been analysed. Altogether, 137 chilli (Capsicum spp.) accessions were phenotypically characterized and their reaction to Chilli veinal mottle virus has been studied. Some of the chiili accessions were found to be resistant or moderately resistant to the virus. Among the potential crops, rice bean (113), buckwheat (140), Perilla (12) and Coix (10) have been characterized/ multiplied. Among the rhizomatous crops, 50 accessions of ginger and 180 accessions of turmeric were raised for maintenance. A total of 187 accessions comprising banana, citrus, guava, minor fruits and M & APs are being maintained in the field genebank (FGB). A total of 103 germplasm were supplied as per MTA.
16.1 Germplasm Exploration from the state of Mizoram during 2014 were grown in ABD along with five checks. Data was recorded for 40 During the period this station has jointly undertaken an morphological traits. According to the farmers’ exploration with ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Thrissur for classification of the landraces, out of 243 accessions, collection of crop wild relations (CWRs) belonging to 108 were sticky (locally called Mimban), 55 accessions the genus Abelmoschus, Vigna and Cucurbits. A total were Mimpui (having large cobs) and 31 accessions of 176 accessions covering 40 taxa were collected from were popcorn type (Puakzo). The phenotypic Dimapur, Kiphire, Kohima, Mokokchung, Phek, characteristics of the landraces are given in Table 16.1. Tuensang, and Wokha districts of Nagaland. The accessions were also screened for symptoms of Turcicum leaf blight disease caused by Exserohilum 16.2 Germplasm Characterization turcicum. Based on disease scoring (0-5 scale) the Altogether 1,055 accessions of agri-horticultural crop germplasm can be categorized into: resistant (score < germplasm have been characterized during Kharif 2015 2.0) – 169 accessions; moderately resistant (score 2.1 for agro-morphological traits. – 3.0) – 27 accessions moderately susceptible (3.1-3.5) – 13 accessions and susceptible (score > 3.5) – 26 16.2.1 Characterization of maize germplasm of accessions. All five check varieties viz. Vijay, Hemant, Mizoram: A total of 235 accessions of maize collected RCM-1-75, RCM-1-76 and Local Red were found to be resistant to leaf blight disease.
Table 16.1. Descriptive statistics of morphological characteristics of Mizoram maize landraces Traits Mean Min Max %CV No. of leaves/plant 12.3 6.0 20.0 17.8 Leaf length (cm) 76.8 7.5 110.0 22.0 Leaf width (cm) 8.6 3.0 13.0 16.3 Days to tasseling 84.6 64.0 117.0 12.2 Days to silking 90.7 68.0 117.0 11.9 Plant height (cm) 161.3 47.5 774.5 39.9 Ear height (cm) 93.3 27.5 252.5 32.1 No. of leaves above upper ear 4.7 3.0 14.5 23.3 Ear length (cm) 12.4 4.5 23.5 32.0 Peduncle length (cm) 5.0 1.0 19.0 68.4 Ear diameter (cm) 12.1 3.4 18.0 21.4 Cob diameter (cm) 3.0 1.1 5.0 25.9 Rachis diameter (cm) 2.3 0.2 4.0 31.2 No. of bracts 8.5 4.0 15.0 25.7 No. of kernel rows 14.7 3.0 28.0 22.9 Kernels/ row 25.3 0.1 221.0 68.2
122 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 16.2.2 Characterization of rice germplasm: During collected from Arunachal Pradesh were characterized Kharif 2015, the NE rice core set (701 accessions) was (Table 16.2). Based on the length and breadth of the grown for multiplication and agro-morphological kernels, most of the hill rice accessions have been characterization (Fig 16.1). In addition to this, a set of categorized into short kernel length class (52 accessions) 60 bora (sticky) rice accessions of Assam was grown and bold shaped (56 accessions). Altogether, 110 rice for characterization. Under upland condition, hill rices accessions were characterized under upland condition.
Fig16.1. Characterization of NE rice core set
Table 16.2. Summary statistics of 64 hill rice accessions collected from Arunachal Pradesh Traits Mean Min Max % CV Days to heading 118.3 89.0 141.0 11.0 Plant height (cm) 74.6 32.0 122.2 28.2 Leaf length (cm) 56.9 36.0 78.7 19.7 Leaf width (cm) 1.9 1.4 2.4 12.4 Panicle length (cm) 22.7 16.5 28.7 13.1 Grains/panicle 153.4 68.0 272.5 36.8 Grain length (mm) 6.6 5.3 8.5 11.1 Grain breadth (mm) 3.5 2.7 4.0 10.4 100-grain weight (g) 22.9 15.8 34.6 15.9
16.2.3 Characterization of hill rice germplasm Only eight hill rices grouped closely with aus and collected from Arunachal Pradesh: Genetic diversity aromatic controls. A model-based population structure within a set of 64 hill rice accessions collected from analysis grouped eleven hill rices with indica and aus three districts (East Kameng, Papum Pare and KurungKumey) of Arunachal Pradesh has been analysed using 35 SSR markers (Fig 16.2). Altogether, 297 alleles have been revealed with an average of 8.49 alleles across the loci. Average gene diversity and polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.69 and 0.65, respectively. In comparison to the controls (15 rice varieties belonging to indica, aus, aromatic and japonica subgroups of rice), hill rices had a higher average number of alleles per locus (7.4) and similar values for both gene diversity and PIC. Genetic distance- based analyses involving clustering and principal coordinate analysis revealed a clear separation of the Fig 16.2. Diversity and population structure of hill rice indica controls from most of the hill rice accessions. germplasm of Arunachal Pradesh
REGIONAL STATION, SHILLONG 123 controls at the optimal number of groups (K = 2). Both calculated for each accession. A total of 14 accessions distance- and model-based approaches indicated that the were found resistant (DSI<10%), while 37 were hill rices are predominantly japonica and/or indica- moderately resistant (DSI = 10-20%) to ChiVMV. japonica admixture. These findings were further Accessions such as IC22217, IC324215, IC410531, supported by a combined analysis of current rice IC410423, IC538879, HGD-72, HGD-102, HGD-38, accessions and 234 structured global rice varieties. IC526531, HGD-64 and HGD-37 were resistant to the virus. 16.2.4 Characterization of chilli germplasm: A total of 137 accessions of chilli (Capsicum spp.) belonging to 16.2.5 Characterization of potential crop C. annuum, C. frutescens and C. chinense have been germplasm: A total of 113 rice bean accessions characterized for 25 phenotypic traits (Fig 16.3). The conserved in MTS were multiplied and characterized in chilli accessions were also evaluated for their reaction ABD with four check varieties (PRR1, PRR2, VRB3 to Chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) based on and RBL6). Data were recorded on 17 characteristic symptoms of mottling, mosaic and chlorosis agromorphological traits. Descriptive statistics for nine on leaves. All the plants of an accession have been quantitative traits are summarized in Table 16.3. Other visually scored in a scale of 0-5 based on severity of the potential crops characterized were Perilla (12 symptoms. The disease severity index (DSI) was accessions) and Coix (10 accessions).
Fig 16.3. Field trial of NE Indian chilli germplasm and variability observed in fruiting behaviour
Table 16.3. Descriptive statistics of quantitative traits in rice bean Traits Mean Min Max CV Best check Accessions with superior trait value Days to 50% flowering 65.3 56.0 80.0 7.7 PRR1, PRR2, - VRB3 (56 days) Days to 80% maturity 111.4 95.0 125.0 6.1 PRR2 (97 days) IC394438 (95 days) Plant height (cm) 110.4 49.7 189.0 19.8 - - No. of branches / plant 4.8 2.3 9.3 27.5 PRR1 (3.3) IC140795, IC369282, IC419489, IC419602 (>7) 100-seed weight (g) 8.6 4.0 36.0 40.9 VRB3 (6.8 g) - No. of pods/ plant 115.7 45.0 220.3 34.8 VRB3 (65) IC419588, IC524080, MRS75, MRS83, MRS116, MRS93 (>200) Pod length (cm) 10.7 8.2 14.3 9.8 RBL6 (10.7) - No of seeds/ pod 9.1 7.3 12.0 9.6 RBL6 (9.6) IC137200, IC140795, IC369355, IC394438, IC419489, IC419493 (>10) Yield/plant (g) 15.5 4.9 53.1 43.6 PRR2 (22.5 g) -
124 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 16.2.6 Identification and characterization of virus A and DNA B) and MYMV (DNA B). Finally, sets of species associated with yellow mosaic disease in overlapping primers were designed according to reported mid-hill conditions of Meghalaya: The Mungbean MYMIV and MYMV to sequence the full genome. The yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) occurring in mid-hill assembled sequences of DNA A (2741 bp) and DNA B conditions of Umiam has been isolated and characterized (2656 bp) were analysed for sequence similarity, from symptomatic mungbean, black gram, soybean and phylogeny and recombination (Fig 16.4C). BLAST ricebean plants (Fig 16.4A) under the Department of analysis of DNA A from Meghalaya showed 95-97% Biotechnology, Government of India funded NER- identity with MYMIV DNA A (West Bengal, Tamil Nadu TWINNING project. The PCR assay using MYMIV and Bangladesh), whereas, DNA B from Meghalaya and MYMV specific primers showed specific amplicons showed 90-96% identity with both MYMIV DNA B for MYMIV DNA A, MYMIV DNA B and MYMV and MYMV DNA B (96% identity with Tamil Nadu DNA B (Fig 16.4B). Rolling circle amplification (RCA) isolate). Overall, the yellow mosaic disease in Meghalaya has been carried out, however, restriction digestion with is an association of MYMIV DNA A with a recombinant unique enzymes failed to give specific bands. Further, DNA B. the PCR assay using diluted RCA product as template showed positive amplification for both MYMIV (DNA 16.3 Germplasm Regeneration/ Maintenance and Conservation
During Kharif 2015, a total of 333 accessions of maize and 140 accessions of buckwheat were regenerated. Among the rhizomatous crops, 50 accessions of ginger and 180 accessions of turmeric were raised for maintenance. A total of 187 accessions comprising banana, citrus, guava, minor fruits and M & APs were maintained in field genebank.
16.4 Germplasm Supply
A total of 101 accessions of rice have been supplied to Fig 16.4. Characterization of Mungbean yellow mosaic ICAR Research complex for NEH Region, Tripura disease in Meghalaya. A, Symptoms found on different Centre. Two accessions of aromatic ginger (Kaempferia leguminous plants; B, Detection of MYMV components through PCR; C, Genome organization of MYMV isolate spp.) were supplied to Regional Research Laboratory, from Umiam, Meghalaya Jorhat, Assam.
Research Programme (Code: Title, ProgrammeLeader) (PGR/PGC-BUR-SHL-01.00): Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of plant genetic resources in north-eastern India (AK Misra) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/PGC-BUR-SHL-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of agricultural crops (paddy-low land/upland, maize and mustard) and their wild relatives. (AK Misra, S Roy, GD Harish and SK Singh) PGR/PGC-BUR-SHL-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of horticultural crops (chilli, ginger, turmeric, yams, taros, citrus, banana and passion fruit) and their wild relatives. (AK Misra, S Roy, GD Harish and SK Singh) PGR/PGC-BUR-SHL-01.03: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation and documentation of genetic resources of potential crops and their wild relatives. (S Roy, AK Misra, GD Harish and SK Singh) Externally funded projects Improvement of mungbean for resistance to Mungbean yellow mosaic virus. (S Roy, DBT)
REGIONAL STATION, SHILLONG 125 REGIONAL STATION, SHIMLA 17
Summary: One germplasm exploration trip was undertaken in Lahaul & Spiti and Kinnaur districts of Himachal Pradesh and a total of 73 accessions comprising behmi (1), Cicer microphyllum (27), Linseed (5), Hordeum vulgare (1), Allium carolinianum (1), wild apricot (21) and wild Triticeae (17) were collected. A total of 1,874 germplasm accessions were grown for charac- terization, evaluation and multiplication. Wide range of genetic variability was recorded for different traits. In grain amaranth average plant height was 275.66 cm, while it ranged from 110.2-375.2 cm, mean inflorescence length 65.34 cm (range 6.1- 125.2 cm), mean 1000- seed weight 0.69 g (range 0.38-1.5 g) and mean seed yield/ plant was 89.23 g, while it ranged from 4.04-226.25 g. EC289396, EC338959 and IC423410 were found superior for plant height, inflorescence length and seed yield/plant. In buckwheat, plant height ranged from 51.6-198.3 cm, no. of inflorescence/plant 4-29, days to maturity 135-142 and seed yield/plant from 0.1-3.98 g. In kidney bean days to flowering ranged from 28-130 days, pod length 4.5-22.5 cm, no. of pods/plant from 2.5-28.5, days to maturity 50-209 and seed yield / plant from 1.78 to 58.51g. WB-183, EC72281, EC755572 were found superior for no. of pods/plant and no. of seed/pod. In apple fruit weight ranged from 40.21-266.41 g, fruit maturity from 70-134 days, while TSS from 7.70-15.50% and EC38683, EC38729, EC145094 and EC38683 were found superior for high TSS, and fruit weight. In pear fruit length ranged from 37.07-88.02mm, fruit width 42.41 – 85.41mm and TSS from 7.10- 15.10 % and IC558066, EC552671 and IC20821 were found superior for high TSS, fruit pressure and fruit weight. In peach days to fruit harvest ranged from 60-138 days, fruit weight from 54.53-231.63 g and TSS ranged from 8.10-14 %.
17.1 Germplasm Exploration and Collection Table 17.2. Field crop germplasm evaluated during 2015 Crop Accessions Checks One exploration trip was undertaken during the period French bean 669 - and 73 germplasm accessions were collected from Amaranth 502 Durga, PRA-2, Kinnaur and Lahaul Spiti districts of Himachal Pradesh Annapurna, PRA-3 as given below : Buckwheat 263 PRB-1, Himpriya, VL-7, Shimla B-1 Table 17.1. Crop germplasm collected through exploration Chenopod 71 EC507741, NIC22503, in districts of Himachal Pradesh PRC-9801 Adzuki bean 67 Totru local, HPU-51 Crop Area explored Germplasm Rice bean 110 RBL1, RBL6, PRA-2, collected PRA-1 Behmi Kinnaur 1 Cowpea 112 Grown for multiplication Cicer microphyllum Lahaul & Spiti 27 Millets 80 Grown for multiplication Linseed Lahaul & Spiti 5 Total accessions 1874 Hordeum vulgare Lahaul & Spiti 1 Allium carolinianum Lahaul & Spiti 1 Wild apricot Lahaul & Spiti 21 Wild Triticeae Lahaul & Spiti 17 Total 7 3
17.2 Germplasm Characterization and Evaluation
17.2.1 Field crops: A total of 1,874 germplasm accessions comprising of different field crops were characterized and evaluated for various traits. All crops were evaluated in ABD along with the standard checks as given below in the Table. Fig 17.1. EC289396 of Fig 17.2. WB-183 of kidney Data were recorded as per the descriptor states amaranth superior for bean superior for no. of developed by ICAR-NBPGR, and promising accessions plant height and inflores- pods/plant and no. of seed/ were identified for important traits. cence length pod
126 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 cm, mean inflorescence length was 65.34 cm (range 6.1-125.2 cm), mean 1000- seed weight was 0.69 g (range 0.38-1.5g) and average seed yield/ plant was 89.23g, while it ranged from 4.04-226.25g. EC289396, EC338959 and IC423410 were found superior for plant height, inflorescence length and seed yield/plant. In buckwheat average plant height was 114.40 cm (range 51.6-198.3 cm), no. of inflorance/plant 13.06 (4-29), no. of seeds/inflorescence 2.97 (1-11). Accessions IC423554, IC423559 and IC383449 were found superior for plant height and no. of inflorescence/plant. In kidney bean days to flowering ranged from 28-130 days, pod length 4.5-22.5cm, no. of pods/plant from 2.5-28.5, days Fig 17.3. EC38729 fruit Fig 17.4. EC552671 of pear to maturity ranged from 50-209 and seed yield/ plant weight of apple superior superior fruit weight for from 1.78 to 58.51g. In pea, average days to flowering for high TSS fruit pressure and high TSS was 105.83 and it ranged from 69-140 days, average pod length was 6.08 and ranged from 3.00-9.30, no of 17.2.1.1 Promising accessions identified for seeds/pod ranged from 2-7 and mean 100-seed weight important traits: In grain amaranth average plant was 13.80g, while it ranged from 5.21-27.30g. height was 276.66 cm, while it ranged from 110.2-375.2
Table 17.3.Promising accessions identified for important traits Character Range Mean Promising accessions Grain amaranth Plant height (cm) 110.2-375.2 275.66 IC423410, EC289381, EC289396, EC338959 Inflorescence length (cm) 6.1-125.2 65.34 EC289381, EC338959, IC258252, EC405329 Days to maturity 83.176 151.16 EC519515, IC551466, IC551482, IC551483 1000 seed weight (g) 0.38-1.5 0.69 IC551482, IC551462, IC551486, IC551494 Days to flowering 44-117 87.77 EC519529, EC519515, EC405329, IC551494 Seed yield/plant (g) 4.04-226.25 89.23 IC551502, EC322030, EC328883, IC274451 Buckwheat Plant height (cm) 51.6-198.3 114.40 IC415470, IC423471, IC423486, IC361639 No of inflorescence/plant 4-29 13.06 Shimla B1, IC423440, Chanduram, IC423554 Days to maturity 135-142 123.65 IC341615, IC16552, Shimla B1, IC362253 No of seeds/inflorescence 1-11 2.97 Shimla B1, IC341693, IC381074, IC423471 Seed yield/plant (g) 0.1-3.98 0.81 IC341692, Shimla B1, IC313152, IC423471 Adzuki bean No. of clusters/plant 9.5-23.5 15.14 EC340269, EC87896, EC341962, EC87815 No. of pods/plant 25.5-70.5 49.87 IC108854, IC341944, EC87896, EC30270 No. of seeds/pod 5.5-10.5 7.78 IC24522, IC140846, IC341952, IC16761 Days to maturity 103-127 113.01 IC89957, EC340268, IC108856, IC16761 Seed yield/plant (g) 7.65-66.43 36.27 IC24522, EC340254, IC341957, EC087815 100 seed weight (g) 4.05-17.5 9.62 JCR CHAMBA, EC281186, EC000248, IC341957 Rice bean Pod length (cm) 8.4-13.7 10.88 RBHP-301, RBHP-308, IC469206, RBHP-304 No of seeds/pod 7.5-15 12.18 IC341998, LRB-336, EC18260, IC360616 Days to maturity 161-178 169.83 IC341914, IC341997, IC469183, IC469192 Seed yield/plant (g) 35.15-125.44 76.87 RBHP-301, IC18553, IC360608, IC469192 100 seed weight (g) 5.81-9.53 7.52 IC469181, IC360597, IC341996, RBHP-304 Kidney bean Days to flowering 28-130 57.81 EC755498, WB-134, WB-141, WB-146 Pod length (cm) 4.5-22.5 13.19 WB-183, WB-632, HUR-129, SRS-13481 No of pods/plant 2.5-28.5 9.4 EC755572, EC755641-1, EC755638, EC755555 No of seeds/pod 3.5-8.5 5.44 EC72281, EC73039, EC553605, EC755642 100 seed weight (g) 6.37-113.11 32.58 SRS-13535-1, SRS-13495, SRS-13535, ROD-14
REGIONAL STATION, SHIMLA 127 Days to maturity 50-209 106.58 EC755332, EC755379, EC755382, EC755380 Seed yield/plant (g) 1.78-58.51 16.60 WB-252-1, WB-141, WB-632, WB-6 Pea Days to flowering 69-140 105.83 P-2341, P-3822, P-2144, 5425/P-2097 No of clusters/plant 2-17 7.43 6014/P-3010, P-3517, P-3498, 3017/P-3013 Pod length (cm) 3.00-9.30 6.08 P-3164, P-2998, P-2262, P-2350 No of pods/plant 2.00-31.00 12.25 6014/P-3010, P-3517, IC315052, P-2570 No of seeds/pod 2-7 4.30 P-3757, P-3768, P-2167, P-2125 Days to maturity 152-192 174.36 P-3891, P-3890, 6701/P-3663, P-2122 100 seed weight (g) 5.21-27.30 13.80 P-3836, P-2345, 6018/P-3014, IC279125 Chenopod Inflorescence length (cm) 43.2-83.6 56.65 IC381106, IC258235, IC540842, EC359445 Leaf length (cm) 5.3-20.1 14.20 IC7959, EC201680, NIC22532, IC109192 Leaf width (cm) 3.6-20.2 13.59 IC447575, IC7961, EC359447, EC201618 Days to 80% maturity 105-156 138.31 IC341713, NIC22506, NIC22496, NIC22502 Seed yield/plant (g) 2.86-67.13 19.31 NIC22514, EC507733, IC540831, NIC22506 1000 seed weight (g) 0.4-1.3 0.72 IC540831, IC22492, IC7957, IC7958
17.2.2 Horticultural Crops: In horticultural crops, In plum, days to fruit harvest from 77 to 131 days, stone germplasm accessions of apple (49), pear (24), plum weight ranged from 0.8 to 3.20 g and TSS from 8- (26), apricot (19), walnut (42) and peach (31) were 18.40%. In apricot, days to fruit harvest ranged from characterized and evaluated for various pomological 54-98 days, fruit length 33.87-59.69 mm, fruit width traits. In apple, fruit length ranged from 37.42-82.24 mm, 32.48-51.95 mm and TSS 11.20-18.00%. In walnut, nut fruit width from 46.97 - 90.03 mm, fruit weight from length ranges from 25.09-49.46 mm, nut width from 40.21-266.41g and TSS 7.70 -15.50%. In pear, fruit 21.40-41.97 mm and nut weight 5.96-24.12 g. In peach, length ranged from 37.07-88.02 mm, fruit width from days to fruit harvest from 60-138, fruit weight from 42.41 - 85.41 mm and TSS ranged from 7.10-15.10%. 54.53-231.63g and TSS from 8.10-14%.
Table 17.4. Promising accessions identified for important pomological characters Crop Character Promising accessions Apple Earliness (<100days) IC538524, EC114118, Scarlet Spur, IC558024, EC044005, IC558027, Super Chief, Fruit weight (>150g) IC349911, EC145094, IC558030, EC38683, EC539449, IC349910, IC558029 TSS (>12%) EC38683, IC566137, IC432171, EC38729, EC539449, EC114118, EC144238 High productivity Super Chief, IC538522, EC114118, IC349911, IC349910, EC044005, EC200360 Juiciness Anna, EC038735, Scarlet Spur, Super Chief, EC027790, EC044005, EC200817, IC432171 Fruit pressure (>4kg) EC34041, Dorset Golden, Cherry Gala, Golden 972, Scarlet Spur, IC349919 Pear Earliness (<120 days) EC27810, EC27809, EC057511, IC557985, EC552671, Kashiq, IC557992 Fruit weight (>140g) EC552671, Baldwin Pear, IC538508, EC27810, IC20808, IC20821, IC557992 TSS (>10%) IC558066, IC558075, EC168557, EC27809, Kashiq, EC27810, EC552674 Juiciness IC557985, EC27809, IC538508, IC558078, IC566190, EC27810 Fruit pressure(>5kg) IC20108, EC057511, IC558078, EC552674, EC552671, IC20821, EC552676 Peach Earliness (<80days) EC552642, IC566147, EC552645, EC280769, IC349928, EC174084, EC280767 Fruit weight (>150g) IC538537, EC038737 ,EC115563 ,EC27793 ,EC313953, EC198817 TSS (>12%) IC538537, EC038737, EC115563, EC027793, EC313953, EC198817, Durbin Nectarine Pulp-stone ratio (< 5) IC538537, Belle of Georgia, EC115563, EC552643, Hale Haven, EC313953, EC280769 High productivity Hale Haven, EC038737, EC284453, EC331812, EC313953, EC280765, EC313954 Plum Earliness (<90days) EC117604, IC020827, IC020085, EC382626, EC34050, IC555355 Fruit weight (>70g) IC558084, EC393741, EC538999, IC558067, IC552670, EC552693, Black Prince TSS (>15%) IC020827, EC34050, IC555355, EC552689, EC117604, IC020085, Kala Amritsari Fruit pressure(>2 kg) IC557994, Black Prince, Shiro, IC566180,EC117604, EC538999, IC566139
128 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Walnut Early fruit maturity EC038833 ,IC20490, EC038653, EC038837, IC20068 ,EC036748 ,EC038830 (<130 days) Nut weight (>15g) EC027482, IC538533, IC22021, EC038833, Sargento, EC038837, IC020109 Kernel weight (>5g) IC22021, EC027482, EC038833, IC20112, IC538533, Sargento, IC538531 Kernel percentage (>50) IC20112 ,IC020065 ,EC082384, EC026894, EC024507 ,IC19376, IC538532 Soft shelled (very soft) IC20112, IC020115, IC20114, EC024562, EC28426, EC024507, EC038837 Kernel colour (light) EC026894, IC020111, EC038836, IC20112, IC020117, IC020107, EC038653 Apricot Earliness (<80days) IC558065, IC558063, IC584511, EC168402, KS-1, IC22037, EC539003 Fruit weight (>50g) EC539004,IC584511,EC552701,EC168402,EC280843,EC242784 IC558065 High TSS (>15%) IC584511 ,IC20457, IC584510,IC432144 ,EC539003, IC558083, KS-1 Fruit pressure(>2kg) EC280843, EC168342, IC558063, EC539003, EC168402, IC22037, KS-1
17.3 Germplasm Conservation 17.3.1 Germplasm conserved in the LTS: A total of 167 accessions of various crops comprising French bean (45), buckwheat (32), chenopod (4) and oats (86) were sent to the NGB for LTS. 17.3.2 Medium Term Storage: A total of 12,565 accessions of various crops were conserved in the MTS.
Table 17.5. Accessions conserved in the MTS Crop No of accessions Crop No of accessions Crop No of acc. French bean 4,353 Foxtail millet 278 Soybean 144 Amaranth 3,270 Chickpea 258 Paddy 108 Buckwheat 1,000 Cowpea 228 Barnyard millet 71 Pea 705 Chenopod 199 Meetha karela 42 Wheat 642 Adzuki bean 169 Urd 30 Finger millet 410 Proso millet 160 Cuphea 16 Rice bean 332 Horse gram 150 Total 12,565
17.3.3 Field Genebank: A total of 1,215 germplasm accessions of perennial crops such as fruits, medicinal and aromatic plants including other economic plants conserved in the field genebank.
Table 17.6. Accessions manifained in the field genebank Crop No. of Accessions Crop No. of Accessions Crop No. of Accessions. Apple 259 Pistacia 3 Viburnum 3 Peach 52 Chinese ber 3 Rubus 20 Pear 97 Hops 6 Ribes 6 Plum 58 Citrus 4 Quince 10 Apricot 43 Pineapple guava 2 Grape 41 Cherry 18 Fig 10 Mespilus spp. 4 Walnut 165 Strawberry 4 Mulberry 4 Hazelnut 20 Olive 6 Rose 39 Pecan nut 50 Passion fruit 3 Pomegranate 106 Almond 16 Crataeagus 3 M&AP 52 Kiwi 8 Chestnut 2 Ornamentals 51 Persimmon 12 Other economic plants 35 Total 1,215
17.3.4 Conservation of wild relatives: Crop wild relatives of various agri-horticultural crops species have been maintained both in MTS for seed propagating crops and in the FGB for perennial and vegetative propagating crop plants. 17.4 Germplasm Supply Crop germplasm comprising of 4,214 seed samples of agricultural crops and 400 rooted plants and 115 bud sticks/ cutting of fruit crops were supplied to the various researchers across the country.
REGIONAL STATION, SHIMLA 129 • Seed crops: Buckwheat (769), amaranth (655), French bean (874), rice bean (572), adzuki bean (175), chenopod (534), pea (255), oats (120), finger millet (255) and horse gram (5). • Rooted plants/seedlings: walnut (9), pomegranate (28), grapes (18), feijoa (18), kiwi (23), persimmon (10), pear (140), almond (27), apple (27), peach (37), apricot (24), pecan nut (10), pepino (23) and medicinal plants (2). • Bud sticks/ cutting: apricot (48), pear (10), peach (7), apple (15), almond (5) and kiwi (30).
Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) PGR/GEV/BUR/SHM-01.00: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources in north-western Indian Himalayan region (JC Rana up to 03.04. 2015, Mohar Singh w.e.f 04.04.2015)
Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/GEV/BUR/SHM-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation, and distribution of genetic resources of pseudocereals, pulses, and other lesser known hill crops (JC Rana till 03.04. 2015, Mohar Singh w.e.f 04.04.2015) PGR/GEV/BUR/SHM-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation, and distribution of genetic resources of temperate fruits, vegetables and medicinal and aromatic plants. (JC Rana till 03.04. 2015, Mohar Singh w.e.f 04.04.2015) Externally funded ad-hoc research projects: 1. Collection, mapping, evaluation and conservation for sustainable utilization of plant genetic resources of cold desert region of india (JC Rana) 2. Evaluation of wild apricot (Prunus armeniaca) for selection of superior clones for plantation in tribal areas of Himachal Pradesh (Mohar Singh) 3. Understanding the impact of climate change on plant species composition, upward shifts and phenological events through case studies in Himachal Pradesh (JC Rana and Mohar Singh) 4. Understanding the impact and response of glacier retreating on floristic diversity and societal livelihoods at naradu Glacier in Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh (JC Rana) 5. Generation advancement and development of new genotypes through pre-breeding in lentil and chickpea (Mohar Singh, IS Bisht, Jyoti Kumari, Nidhi Verma, Sheelamary) 6. Standardization of seed production technology and seed testing protocol in untapped potential crops (fodder, quinoa, medicinal and aromatic plants) (Mohar Singh)
130 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 REGIONAL STATION, SRINAGAR 18
Summary: A total of 28 germplasm accessions of seed spices including naturally growing Bunium persicum and Carum carvi were collected from different parts of Jammu and Kashmir in collaboration with NRC (SS) Ajmer.The station has also collaborated in exploration and germplasm collection programme of wild Triticeae and Cicer conducted by HQ in Kargil district of Ladakh. A total of 96 accessions belonging to 14 taxa were collected, besides 86 herbarium specimens collected were submitted to NHCP. A total of 428 germplasm accessions comprising wheat (200), barley (100), rapeseed mustard (76) and linseed (52) were evaluated for their morpho-agronomic characters as per the minimal descriptors during Rabi 2014-15 under rainfed conditions and promising/superior genotypes for different traits in each of these crops were identi- fied. Besides, 28 accessions of collected seed spices, 86 accessions of multiplied germplasm of pulses including French bean, cowpea, horse gram, mungbean, amaranth, maize, soybean and finger millet have also been sent to NGB for long term conservation. Fifty seven germplasm accessions of strawberry (03), Allium cepavar. proliferum (pran) (05), mint (01), Iris (1), garlic (18), Dioscorea deltoidea (23) and Bunium persicum (6) are being maintained in the experimental field.
18.1 Exploration and Germplasm Collection Apiaceae family growing naturally at some places in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. Overexploitation has During the period under report one exploration and now resulted in drastic decline of populations of these germplasm collection programme on seed spices was valuable wild plant genetic resources throughout the state undertaken in collaboration with NRC (SS) Ajmer and of Jammu and Kashmir. 28 germplasm accessions were collected from different parts of Jammu and Kashmir and sent to HQ for conservation. The germplasm collected included Bunium persicum (12), Carum carvi (4), Trachyspermum ammi (1), Trigonella foenum-graecum (4) and Coriandrum sativum (7).
Fig 18.1.Variability of some seed spices collected from different areas of Jammu & Kashmir
Black caraway (Bunium persicum) belonging to the family Apiaceae is an endangered perennial herb with tuberous root found growing naturally in north-western Himalayas at an altitude of 1800-3500 m MSL in forests, grassy slopes and in arid zones as well. It is a highly Fig 18.2. Fruits (erroneously called seeds) of Bunium valuable plant commonly called as kala zeera, siahzeera persicum (SHEIKH/RSM-11) and Carum carvi (SHEIKH/ RSM-7) collected during exploration and germplasm and shahizeera, latter name refers to its popularity in collection programme. Relentless overharvesting of the imperial (Mughal) cuisines of Northern India. Carum whole plants by the locals (right) may be a reason for carvi is another closely related biennial member of their declining populations
REGIONAL STATION, SRINAGAR 131 The station has also collaborated in another exploration and germplasm collection programme of wild Triticeae and Cicer conducted by HQ from Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmir. A total of 96 accessions belonging to 14 taxa such as Elymus sp., Hordeum sp., Hystrix duthiei, Leymus secalinus, Cicer microphyllum, Carum carvi, Lepidium apetalum were collected from the areas including Zojila Pass, Drass, Batalik, Khaltse, Beema, Kargil, Shankar, Namkila, Fotula, Lamsoo Santo, Sankoo, Rangdum, Padum and Zangla. About 86 herbarium specimens collected during this Kargil trip have been submitted to NHCP, NBPGR.
18.2 Characterization of Germplasm Fig 18.3. Kargil apricot A total of 428 accessions comprising of wheat (200), barley (100), rapeseed mustard (76) and linseed (52) under rainfed conditions and superior/promising were evaluated for their morpho-agronomic characters genotypes were identified in each of these crops for as per the minimal descriptors during Rabi 2014-15 different traits.
Table 18.1. Range, mean and superior accessions identified in wheat and barley during Rabi 2014-15 Crop/Traits Range Mean Best Superior accessions value check Wheat (200 accessions) Plant height (cm) 55.72-121.48 90.18 PBW-343 (105.18) IC532152 (121.48), IC534812(116.52), IC32087(113.94), IC82328(112.86) Spike length (cm) 5.32-12.00 8.35 HS-240 (10.34) IC47585(12.00), IC532096(11.68), IC532125(11.18), IC532864(11.06) 100-seed weight (g) 2.90-4.90 3.72 GW-322 (3.70) IC79068(4.90), IC532201(4.70), IC53620(4.60), IC532099(4.60) Seed yield/plant (g) 9.70-29.24 16.78 HS-240 (17.28) IC78866(29.24), IC79068(27.42), IC78916(24.28),S/R-Gulistan(24.27) Barley (100 accessions) Plant height (cm) 49.28-101.98 80.43 Jyoti (86.29) EC667445(101.98),EC667420(96.20), EC667390(95.66),EC667437(95.26) No. of grains/spike 11.20-46.40 28.07 Jyoti (23.40) EC667358(46.40),EC667384(41.60), EC667404(41.00),EC667385(40.00) 100-seed weight (g) 3.90-5.30 4.57 Jyoti (4.75) EC667368(5.30),EC667355(5.20), EC667391(5.20),EC667352(5.10) Seed yield/plant (g) 8.46-27.88 19.43 Jyoti (22.36) EC667410(27.88),EC667458(27.56), EC667353(26.90),EC667439(26.62)
Fig 18.4. Multiplication and preliminary characterization of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) germplasm
132 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Table 18.2. Range, mean and promising accessions identified in rapeseed mustard and linseed during Rabi 2014-15 Traits Range Mean Best check value Promising accessions Rapeseed mustard (76 accessions) Plant height (cm) 47.88-95.16 69.57 GSL-2 (78.64) IC363771 (95.16), IC363616-A (93.88), IC538641 (93.74), IC553126 (88.32) No. of siliqua/plant 28.0-142.8 75.68 GSL-2 (87.27) IC538641 (142.8), IC363776 (128.4), IC343127 (108.8), IC262076 (104.4), 1000-seed weight (g) 2.50-4.90 3.515 Shalimar-2 (386) IC553126 (4.90), IC399823 (4.70) IC363733 (4.10), IC-363615 (4.10), Seed yield/plant (g) 3.76-18.80 10.50 GSL-2 (8.24) IC280048 (18.80), IC280044 (16.40), IC280045 (15.30), IC280040 (15.20) Linseed (52 accessions) Plant height (cm) 24.81-61.81 45.61 Garima (45.25) IC96612 (61.81), IC597276 (60.66), IC597274 (57.69), IC597267 (54.50) No. of capsules/plant 19.80-61.90 34.36 Kiran (25.90) IC96568 (61.90), IC96612 (58.00), IC597270 (57.80), IC597276 (56.00) 1000-seed weight (g) 5.85-9.20 7.322 Kiran (8.45) IC96634 (9.20), IC96631 (8.95), IC96649 (8.75), IC96648 (8.55) Seed yield/plant (g) 1.22-5.53 2.282 Garima (1.70) IC597278 (5.53), IC597276 (4.87), IC597275 (4.83), IC597274 (4.80)
Fig 18.5. Black caraway (Bunium persicum) a highly valuable endangered plant being maintained in the field
18.3 Germplasm Conservation (1), garlic (18), Dioscorea deltoidea (23) and Bunium persicum (6) are being maintained in the experimental Besides 28 accessions of collected seed spices, 42 field. accessions of multiplied germplasm of pulses including French bean, cowpea, horsegram and mungbean were 18.4 Germplasm Supply submitted for long term conservation to NGB, New Delhi. IC numbers have been allotted to all 70 accessions A total of 17 germplasm accessions of soybean and maize Twenty six accessions of multiplied germplasm of were supplied to Akola station. Seeds of some local crops amaranth (7), maize (11), soybean (6), finger millet (1) were supplied to a local Government College for and cowpea (1) have also been sent to NGB for long exhibition purpose. Tubers of Bunium persicum ecotype term conservation. The germplasm of these crops as collected from Kargil district of Jammu and Kashmir well as that of pulses was multiplied during Kharif 2015. were received from Exploration and Germplasm A total of 57 germplasm accessions of strawberry (03), Collection Division, ICAR-NBPGR New Delhi. Allium cepa var. Proliferum (pran) (05), mint (01), Iris
REGIONAL STATION, SRINAGAR 133 Research Programme (Code:Title, Programme Leader) PGR/PGC–BUR-SRI-01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of germplasm resources of various crops from Jammu & Kashmir region (Sheikh M Sultan) Externally Funded Projects Collection, mapping, evaluation and conservation of plant genetic resources of cold desert region of India (JC Rana and Sheikh M Sultan) DST Project
134 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 REGIONAL STATION, THRISSUR 19
Summary: During the year, 371 samples of germplasm were collected through three exploration and collection missions, carried out in Nagaland, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat. During Rabi 2014-15, 72 accessions of brinjal, 61 of wild bitter gourd, 16 of snake gourd and 13 of ivy gourd were characterised/evaluated. During Kharif 2015, 207 accessions of rice, 40 of yard- long bean, 15 of Trichosanthes cucumerina, 22 of pumpkin, 31 of kokum and seven of okra synthetic amphidiploids were characterised/ evaluated. A holding of 8,970 and 1,916 accessions of different crops/ species/ wild relatives are being maintained in MTS and FGB, respectively. Maintained 52 accessions in nine crops and nine wild related species under in vitro conservation. Sent 213 accessions for long-term storage at NGB and five for cryo-preservation at TCCU. A total of 656 accessions in various crops/ wild species were supplied under MTA to three ICAR Institutions (235 accessions), 7 SAUs (295 accessions) and three other user agencies (126 accessions). Received 221 accessions of crops/ species for germplasm augmentation. Popularised potential economic plants like sweet gourd, spine gourd and teasel gourd among farmers through reach-out programmes and media. Planting materials were distributed to 70 farmers.
19.1 Germplasm Exploration and Collection landraces. Vigna nepalense, Gymnopet lalum chinense, Herpetospermum operculatum, Three exploration missions were undertaken collecting Abelmoschus tetraphyllus var. pungens, Solanum 371 samples from the states of Nagaland, Madhya aculeatissimum, S. aethiopicum, S. indicum, S. spirale Pradesh and Gujarat. First trip was undertaken in and S. torvum, among crop wild relatives and JRPH/ collaboration with ICAR-IIHR covering Phek, Tuensang 15-58, Cucumis sativus (slicing cucumber) with good and Mokokchung districts and adjoining areas of districts taste and mild sweetness, JRPH/15-68, extra-long fruited like Dimapur, Kiphire, Kohima and Wokha of Nagaland, (90cm) yard-long bean, JRPH/15-122 rajmash with in which 176 samples in 40 taxa of targeted crops and white small grains and no flatulence creation, semi- their wild relatives were collected. Good variability in domestic Solanum indicum (JRPH/15-39) without French bean/ rajmash, yard-long bean and Momordica spines are some of the unique collections. Population subangulata subsp. subangulata was observed and diversity in rare, endemic and threatened (RET) taxa collected. Variability for seed size, colour, mottling Momordica subangulata subsp. subangulata was also pattern and culinary traits was observed in French bean recorded. Seed morphology of various wild Solanum species was studied as a taxonomic character.
The second mission for collection of crop wild relatives of Abelmoschus and cucurbits was executed covering Rewa, Sidhi and Singrauli districts of Madhya Pradesh, and adjoining areas of border districts (Satna, Panna and Shahdol of Madhya Pradesh and Chitrakoot in Uttar Pradesh) and collected 122 samples comprising 31 taxa. Good variability in population samples of Solanum incanum was collected. Unique bunch type, small round and medium-long, fruited Luffa hermaphrodita, good variability in Trichosanthes cucumerina, small fruited native bitter gourd and vegetable cowpea was collected. JJNS/15-119 Luffa echinata; JJNS/15-18 Rhynchosia rothii (morphologically allied to soybean); JJNS/15-13 Fig 19.1. Abelmoschus Fig 19.2. Collection of wild & JJNS/15-16 small, scented bunch type ridge gourd tetraphyllus var. pungens Sesamum malabaricum collected from Nagaland germplasm from Northern called “Ramthorai”; JJNS/15-52 slender, thin, bunching Western Ghats of Gujarat sponge gourd are unique collections.
REGIONAL STATION, THRISSUR 135 Fig 19.3. Momordica subangulata subsp. subangulata - a rare and endangered taxon - Fig 19.4. Herpetospermum operculatum (related to collected from Tuensang district of Nagaland Luffa) collected from Nagaland
The third trip to the Northern Western Ghats area of species of crop wild relatives, medicinal plants and 148 Gujarat was executed in collaboration with the ICAR- rice landraces. This year 14 specimens were deposited Indian Institute of Oilseeds Research, Hyderabad for with NHCP, New Delhi. the germplasm collection of wild species of Sesamum. The area comprising four districts of Gujarat namely Valsad, Dang, Navsari and Surat was covered and a total of 73 samples belonging to 15 species were collected including 31 samples in two species (29 of S. malabaricum and two of S. radiatum) of the targeted genus Sesamum. Six samples of castor germplasm were collected for research purposes of the collaborating institute. Most of the other germplasm collected were that of crop wild relatives, predominantly of three different species of Abelmoschus (26 samples). A distinct landrace each of greater yam, bottle gourd, brinjal (‘Desi Gulabi’) and sorghum (white seeded) were also Fig 19.6. Luffa echinata – a close relative of ridge gourd, collected. collected from Madhya Pradesh
19.1.1 Herbarium: Thrissur Regional Station 19.2 Characterisation and Evaluation Herbarium holds 748 taxa in total, comprising 662 19.2.1 Rice (Oryza sativa): A total of 207 accessions of upland rice were evaluated for 11 qualitative and 11 quantitative characters for the second year. Nineteen accessions were found to have 50 percent flowering occurring between 70-75 days after sowing. The notable landraces for earliness are Keeripoothada (IC203823), Vellakoyala (IC203772), Karakozhivalan (IC203821), Sonebhale (IC248325), Karimundakan (IC264691), Allikannan (IC324743), Swarnavalan (IC280821), Kuthalam (IC280822) and Mulaki (IC280823).
19.2.2 Brinjal (Solanum melongena): Seventy-two accessions of brinjal were raised in ABD along with Fig 19.5. Seed morphology of different species of two check varieties for screening against bacterial wilt Solanum collected from Nagaland and shoot and fruit borer attack. Thirteen accessions -
136 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 EC304983-1, EC316227, EC379244, IC089888, for fruit characters. Fruit length varied from 5.5 to 10.0 IC090931, IC112830, IC333527, IC345747, IC354140, cm at vegetable stage and single fruit weight from 9.0 IC354707, IC383195, IC545919 and NIC023962 were to 23.6 g. JPM/14-09 (IC612310) was the best yielder found to be field tolerant to both the pests. with an average single fruit weight of 9.8 g and fruit length of 6.0 cm, giving a fruit yield of 15.78 kg/plant during one season.
19.2.6 Yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis): Forty accessions of vegetable cowpea collected from NEH region were characterised for five qualitative and six quantitative characters. Wide variability was observed in length and colour of pod. Pod length varied from 12.0 to 53.6 cm. Severe virus infection was noticed in the crop. Collection numbers MTYLB-32, MTYLB-33 and KP/SC 1575 were free from Cowpea mosaic virus.
Fig 19.7. Fruit variability in snake gourd including 19.2.7 Wild bitter gourd (Momordica charantia var. collections from the North-East India muricata): Sixty-one collections were regenerated and further a new set of 19 collections was multiplied. Compared to check variety Pusa Purvi, IC582411 was prolific bearer with an average single fruit weight of 16.0 g. Regeneration of difficult-to-adopt wild species like Momordica balsamina (4 collections), M. subangulata subsp. subangulata (1), M. subangulata subsp. renigera (1), Abelmoschus tuberculatus (14), A. crinitus (1) and A. ficulneus (1) was done in pots in rain-proof green house.
19.2.8 Sweet gourd (Momordica cochinchinensis): One collection (JB/11-225) from Tripura was successfully Fig 19.8. Fruit variability in ivy gourd regenerated and more than 250 seeds were produced through sib-mating. Six collections were maintained in 19.2.3 Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata): Twenty-two the field and in MTS. collections along with three checks (Ambili, Arka Chandan and Saras) were evaluated for fruit characters. 19.2.9 Trichosanthes cucumerina: Fifteen accessions SKY/AC-271 retained green colour of rind even after of Trichosanthes cucumerina, an important medicinal maturity, contrary to brown rind colour in all other plant and crop wild relative, were raised during Kharif collections. It had deep orange flesh and average single 2015 for characterisation and seed multiplication. These fruit weight nearing 3.0 kg. accessions were characterised for 19 qualitative and six quantitative traits. The range for days to 50% 19.2.4 Snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina): flowering was 44-47 days, fruit length 4.9-7.8 cm and Sixteen samples collected from north-eastern region fruit width 1.6-2.82 cm. were characterised for fruit characters. Fruits were short and length ranged between 16-40 cm and single fruit 19.2.10 Abelmoschus synthetic hybrids: Seven weight from 100-250 g. Fruit colour was either white synthetic amphidiploids of okra were evaluated for mottled or olive green with white stripes. All the 16 perennation, drought tolerance and YVMV resistance. collections were highly susceptible to Leaf curl virus Hybrids of okra with Abelmoschus tetraphyllus var. disease. tetraphyllus, A. mizoramensis (yet to be validly published) and that of A. caillei x A. angulosus var. 19.2.5 Ivy gourd (Coccinia indica): Thirteen grandiflorus, A. caillei x A. mizoramensis sp. nova collections were established and 10 were characterised were found to have high level of drought tolerance and
REGIONAL STATION, THRISSUR 137 Table 19.1. Okra synthetic hybrids with prolonged flowering and fruiting period
Hybrid combination Days to 1st flowering YVMV symptoms/ resistance Hybrids with Okra IC412987 x A.angulosus var. grandiflorus 84 No visual expression IC260039 x A. tetraphyllus var. nova (Dehradun) 89 Yellowing at later stage IC265626 x A. caillei 47 Susceptible IC265648 x A. caillei 81 Field resistance IC265660 x A. mizoramensis (sp. nova) 69 Field resistance IC260106 x A. mizoramensis (sp. nova) 65 Field resistance IC536721 x A. tetraphyllus (var. nova) 69 Susceptible at later stage but continued fruiting IC536715 x A. tetraphyllus var. tetraphyllus 69 Tolerant Hybrids with A. caillei EC306741 x A. angulosus var. grandiflorus 81 Tolerant EC306741 x A. mizoramensis (sp. nova) 65 Tolerant
perennation tendency with heavy branching and aculei is C. muriculatus. The latter is bitter but highly continued flowering and fruiting three months beyond adapted to tropical humid climate. It is a new distribution senescence of okra (control). Few spineless fruits were record for India. selected for advancing. A. caillei x A. angulosus var. grandiflorus, was the best for drought tolerance and perennating behaviour. All derivatives with A. mizoramensis and A. angulosus showed tolerance to YVMV.
19.2.11 Poly-embryonic mango (Mangifera indica): Procured a local landrace named “Kuttiyattoor Manga/ Nambiar manga” as graft as well as seedlings.
19.2.12 Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus): Three elite lines of jackfruit namely VakathanamVarikka, Pathamuttam Varikka and Odakkali Varikka were established as graft and maintained in the field genebank.
19.2.13 Chinese prickly ash pepper (Zanthoxylum Fig 19.9. Yard-long bean Fig 19.10. CF2 progeny of rhetse): Fresh seeds of Zanthoxylum rhetse were found MTYLB-32 - free of Cowpea cross A. esculentus x A. to exhibit 20 per cent germination. However, the mosaic virus mizoramensis having seedlings were highly susceptible to collar rot. The seed more than 25 fruits/plant maturity period is in mid-January and is recalcitrant.
19.2.14 Exotic fruits: Seedlings of two collections each of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum), soursop (Annona muricata), one each of pulasan (Nephelium ramboutan-ake), boraba (Garcinia intermedia) and durian (Durio zibethinus) were collected from high yielding trees.
19.3 Taxonomical/ Morphological Studies
19.3.1 Cucumis: Taxonomy of wild Cucumis species of North-East origin was resolved. The more common
wild edible Cucumis locally known as ‘arphagma’ in Fig 19.11. CF2 progeny of cross A. esculentus x A. Mizoram is C. hystrix and the rare taxon having re- angulosus showing field resistance to YVMV with curved calyx lobes and fruits studded with hyaline tip susceptible okra varieties (foreground)
138 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Table 19.2. Key to distinguish between mangosteen and seashore mangosteen Mangosteen (G. mangostana) Seashore mangosteen (G. hombroniana) Copper coloured young leaves Yellowish green young leaves Brown tender stem, brownish green young leaves Green stem bark and leaves Spaced venation, embossed veins on lower side Closed venation, less projected veins on lower side lamina Cut ends without white latex, turning brownish White latex, gum transparent and blue Brown, cricket ball sized fruits Small arecanut sized fruits, scarlet red rind Slow growth Fast growth
19.3.2 Momordica: A variant population of Momordica usually detectable at bearing stage. Seedling morphology sahyadrica occurring in Anamalai hill ranges of Western of G. mangostana and G. hombroniana was studied Ghats with niche specificity and narrow endemism was and a farmer friendly morphological key to distinguish studied and is being described as a new taxon true mangosteen from seashore mangosteen was Momordica sahyadrica subsp. anamalayana (yet to developed (Table 19.2). be validly published). 19.4 Germplasm Conservation 19.3.3 Garcinia: Seedlings of seashore mangosteen (Garcinia hombroniana) are often sold as mangosteen A total of 10,886 accessions of germplasm comprising by nurseries leading to loss of income to farmers since 92 crops, other economic species and wild relatives belonging to 291 species in 55 genera are being maintained in the FGB/MTS.
For long term storage, 213 collections of germplasm were deposited by this station at NGB. In all, five accessions consisting one each of Artocarpus gomezianus subsp. lakoocha, Garcinia hombroniana, Gmelina arborea, Psidium guineense and Rauvolfia tetraphylla were sent for cryo-preservation at TCCU, NBPGR, New Delhi.
19.5 Germplasm Supplied
A total of 55 voucher samples including Capsicum (9), Lagenaria (1), Luffa (3), Solanum (26) and Vigna (16) were sent to ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru (Collaborator) for establishment, regeneration and seed multiplication. Fig 19.12. Chop Chopa (Garcinia kydia) Under MTA, 656 accessions of germplasm of various crops/ species were supplied to 13 institutions.
19.6 Popularizing Potential New Economic Plants and In Situ On-Farm Conservation
19.6.1 Chop Chopa (Garcinia kydia): Garcinia kydia was found to be a good monsoon season fruit comparable to mangosteen. Being a native of Andaman Islands, unlike mangosteen, it does not have exacting soil and water requirements and is adaptable to a wide range of soils. Fruits are small (20-25 g) developing in clusters on woody branches, green turning into yellow and without groves outside. The pulp is sweet and juicy Fig 19.13. Sweet gourd/ Gac (Momordica with about 18% TSS and rind with 8.9% Hydroxycitric cochinchinensis): on-farm conservation acid. Dried rind can be used in a similar way as G. in farmer’s field
REGIONAL STATION, THRISSUR 139 cambogia (Malabar tamarind) for seasoning curries. 19.6.3 Spine gourd (Momordica dioica): Once Harvested ripe fruits can be stored up to four days at prevalent and now extinct in the wild, it was rehabilitated. room temperature and up to eight days under The farmers were briefed on its organic cultivation in refrigeration. Efforts are on to popularise it as a fruit home-gardens, uses as vegetable and health food, tree in homesteads. ecosystem value, pollinators and disbursal agents in nature. One hundred seedlings were distributed to 19.6.2 Sweet gourd/ Gac (Momordica co- desiring farmers across Kerala for on-farm cultivation chinchinensis): Momordica cochinchinensis was of this nearly extinct wild vegetable. popularised among farmers as a nutritional vegetable for homestead cultivation. Over 200 seedlings were 19.6.4 Small millets: Seventy-six accessions of small distributed to progressive farmers and feedback was millets comprising little millet (Panicum sumatrense), received regarding establishment and spread of the crop. finger millet (Eleusine coracana), foxtail millet (Setaria About one hundred seedlings were distributed among italica) and proso millet (P. miliaceum) collected from ‘Malayarayan’ tribe in Peechi-Vazhani Wildlife Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu were grown for initial Sanctuary as part of the Station’s initiative on ensuring evaluation and for popularising among tribal communities nutritional security of tribal homesteads. for ensuring food and nutritional security.
Research Programme (Code: Title, Programme Leader) PGR/GEV-BUR-THR-01.00: Augmentation, characterisation, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of plant genetic resources in southern India including Goa and Andaman & Nicobar Islands (Joseph John K) Research Projects (Code: Title, PI, CoPIs and Associates) PGR/GEV-BUR-THR-01.01: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources of field crops and their wild relatives [M Latha; M Abdul Nizar (w.e.f 27.01.2015), A Suma, S Mani and A Indiradevi] PGR/GEV-BUR-THR-01.02: Augmentation, characterization, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources of tropical vegetable, fruit and tuber crops and their wild relatives [Joseph John K; M Latha, M Abdul Nizar (w.e.f 27.01.2015), A Suma, S Mani, R Asokan Nair and A Indiradevi] PGR/GEV-BUR-THR-01.03: Augmentation, characterisation, evaluation, maintenance, regeneration, conservation, documentation and distribution of genetic resources of spices and their wild relatives, medicinal and other economic plants [M Abdul Nizar (w.e.f 27.01.2015), M Latha, A Suma, S Mani, R Asokan Nair and A Indiradevi] Externally Funded Project 049-NOVODB-TSR-ZA-08: NOVOD Board Project on multiplication, conservation and biochemical profiling of kokum (Garcinia indica), a potential source of edible oil, found in Southern Western Ghats (M Latha till 31.03.2015).
140 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 TRAININGS AND CAPACITY BUILDING 20
20.1 Workshops/ Group Meetings/ Trainings organised during 2015
S.No. Title of Programme Duration Venue 1. International Conference on Low Temperature April 27-30 ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi Science and Biotechnological Advances 2. Short Course on Crop Wild Relatives: Identification, August 19-28 ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi Collecting and Utilization 3. Training Programme and Workshop on Basil September 4 ICAR- NBPGR, Bhowali 4. Workshop on CRP on Agro-biodiversity October 14 ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi 5. Training Workshops on Strengthening Capacities October 26-27 RTI, NACEN, Faridabad of Enforcement Agencies for Customs Officials November 16-17 RTI, NACEN, Chennai Under UNEP-GEF Supported Phase-II Capacity November 19-20 RTI, NACEN, Mumbai Building Project on Biosafety November 26-27 RTI, NACEN, Kolkata 6. Training Workshops on Strengthening Capacities December 8-10 ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi of Enforcement Agencies for Plant Quarantine under December 16-18 UNEP-GEF Supported Phase-II Capacity Building Project on Biosafety 7. International Training Programme on DNA-Based November 30- ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) Detection for December 12 Seed Testing and Certification
20.1.1 Short Course on Crop Wild Relatives relation to CWR were covered. Trainees were given field experience on on-spot identification and germplasm collecting of CWR.
20.1.2 Training Programme and Workshop on Basil
One day training programme and workshop was conducted at ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Bhowali, on September 4, 2015, sponsored by Integrated Eco- Development Research Project (IERP), G.B. Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development (GBPIHED) Kosi-Katarmal, Almora. Lectures on different aspects on basil included Indigenous Traditional Knowledge (ITK), ethnobotany, agro-techniques,
Faculty and participants of the Short Course on CWR
A short course entitled ‘Crop Wild Relatives (CWR): Identification, Collecting and Utilization’ was organized at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi from August 19-28, 2015. It was attended by 17 participants drawn from six disciplines (Economic Botany, Genetics, Fruit Science, Floriculture, Plant Breeding, Seed Technology) representing 12 ICAR institutes and five SAUs from 12 states of India. A total of 28 lectures and practical were conducted. All aspects of PGR management (systematics, survey, collecting, characterization, evaluation, conservation, documentation, utilization) in Workshop participants in basil field
TRAININGS AND CAPACITY BUILDING 141 industrial importance, extraction of essential oil/ phytochemicals, pharmaceutical uses, marketing, economic uses, utilization, etc. The event was attended by 60 farmers from different parts of Uttaranchal including non-governmental organizations and self-help groups. 20.1.3 International Training on DNA-based GMO detection An international training programme on ‘DNA-based Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO) Detection for Seed Testing and Certification’ for a delegation of eight officials from the Government of Nepal, was organized General Manager, Biotech Consortium India Limited; at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi from November 30 to Dr AK Singh, Head, Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian December 12, 2015, sponsored by International Food Agricultural Research Institute; experts from Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). The programme ISO17025:2005 accredited GMO testing laboratories and primarily aimed to benefit the interest of Nepal. It National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration covered current scenario, recent national and Laboratories, as well as experts and faculty from ICAR- international developments in the area of GM crops, NBPGR. The programme included 17 expert talks and evolution of regulatory regimes, risk assessment and four panel discussions on emerging issues of management strategies associated with biosafety issues management of plant genetic resources, issues in area and post-release monitoring. of GMO detection, ISO accreditation of seed testing laboratories, biosafety issues pertaining to GM crops and The training programme had gracious presence of related IPR issues. In the valedictory function, Dr JS experts and policy makers, including Dr SR Rao, Advisor, Chauhan, Assistant Director General (Seeds), ICAR, Department of Biotechnology & Member Secretary, distributed the certificates to participants in presence of Review Committee on Genetic Manipulation; Dr Dr KC Bansal, Course Director, Dr Gurinderjit Manoranjan Hota, Director, Ministry of Environment, Randhawa, Course Coordinator and Dr Anjani Kumar Forests and Climate Change; Dr Vibha Ahuja, Chief from IFPRI.
International Conference on Low Temperature Science and Biotechnological Advances
An International Conference on ‘Low Temperature Science and Biotechnological Advances’ was organized by ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, from April 27-30, 2015 at the National Agricultural Science Centre (NASC), New Delhi. This was held in collaboration with National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (NAAS), India, Society for Low Temperature Biology (SLTB), United Kingdom (UK) and Royal Botanic Gardens (RBG), Kew, UK. The event focused on low and ultra-low temperature biobanking of genetic resources, especially using cryopreservation. In his inaugural address Dr Ayyappan, Secretary, DARE & DG, ICAR said that the conference was an unique opportunity to bring together research leaders of diverse disciplines working in crops, veterinary, aquatic species, Book of Abstracts being released during the microbial biotechnology and medical sciences to assess the current inaugural session by Drs KC Bansal, JS status and to formulate future plans on low temperature science Sandhu, RB Singh, S Ayyappan, M Lambardi, and biotechnology in various countries. Dr Maurizio Lambardi from H Pritchard and R Chaudhury (left to right) National Research Council of Italy, who is the immediate past chair of SLTB, co-chaired the inaugural session. Prof RB Singh, immediate past president, NAAS and Dr JS Sandhu (DDG, Crop Science) gave their remarks as Guests of Honour. Prof Hugh Pritchard, Head, Seed Biology, RBG, Kew delivered the inaugural lecture entitled ‘Plant Cryopreservation: Scale, Scope and Hope’. Prof. Pritchard highlighted the importance and need of seed banking through global partnership. Dr KC Bansal, Director, NBPGR and Organizing Secretary, extended a warm welcome and thanked the delegates for their participation. The plenary session was chaired by Dr RS Paroda, Chairman, Trust for Advancement of Agricultural Sciences (TAAS), New Delhi. The conference was attended by 200 delegates, including 25 international participants, who made 47 oral and 89 poster presentations.
142 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 20.1.4 Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement etc. from different parts of the country were trained in Agencies (Plant quarantine and Customs these workshops. Officials) for Transboundary Movement of LMOs under UNEP-GEF supported Phase II Project on Two training workshops each of three days duration for Capacity Building on Biosafety (UNEP-GEF being the plant quarantine officials were organized jointly by implemented by MoEF& CC): Four training workshops ICAR-NBPGR and MoEF & CC on December 8-10, 2015 each of two days duration for the Customs Officials and December 16-18, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. were organized jointly by ICAR-NBPGR, National A total of 24 participants including plant protection officers, Academy of Customs, Excise and Narcotics assistant plant protection officers and scientific assistants (NACEN) and MoEF& CC at NACEN, Faridabad from five Plant Quarantine Stations of Directorate of Plant (October 26-27, 2015); Regional Training Institute Protection, Quarantine and Storage at New Delhi, Mumbai, (RTI), NACEN, Chennai (November 16-17, 2015); Kolkata, Chennai and Amritsar were trained in these RTI, NACEN, Mumbai (November 19-20, 2015) and workshops. RTI, NACEN, Kolkata (November 26-27, 2015). A The faculty included eminent scientists, policy makers and total of 113 participants, which included Deputy regulatory authorities from ICAR-NBPGR, Export Commissioners, Assistant Commissioners, Assistant Inspection Council, Punjab Biotechnology Incubator, Directors, Superintendents, Inspectors and Appraisers MoEF& CC, DBT, Government of India and Biotech
Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Customs Officials) for Transboundary Movement of LMOs on October 26-27, 2015 at NACEN, Faridabad, Haryana
Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Customs Officials) for Enforcement Agency (Customs Officials) for Transboundary Movement of LMOs on November Transboundary Movement of LMOs on November 26-27, 16-17, 2015 at NACEN, RTI, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 2015 at RTI, NACEN, Kolkata, West Bengal
TRAININGS AND CAPACITY BUILDING 143 Consortium India Ltd. The course curriculum included: documentation requirements, GM crops/ events introduction to LMOs, national and international approved in different countries, sampling procedures, regulations, role of customs officials (specifically for detection strategies (molecular and serological) and use customs officials), National Plant Quarantine System, of Biosafety Clearing House (BCH).
Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Customs Officials) for Transboundary Movement of LMOs on November 19-20, 2015 at NACEN, RTI, Mumbai, Maharashtra
Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Plant Quarantine Officials) for Transboundary Movement of LMOs on December 8-10, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi
Training Workshop on Strengthening Capacities of Enforcement Agency (Plant Quarantine Officials) for Transboundary Movement of LMOs on December 16-18, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi
144 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Workshop on CRP on Agro-biodiversity organised There were several issues that needed clarifications about the implementation of the CRP-AB with regard to the avail- ability of resources, both financial and manpower and work plan for 2015-16 and 2016-17. Therefore, as per the direc- tives from the Council a one-day workshop was organized on October 14, 2015 at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi under the Chairmanship of Dr JS Sandhu, DDG (CS) and guidance of Dr JS Chauhan, ADG (Seed). A total of 100 participants from different Bureaux and Institutes participated in the workshop and after the deliberations, work plan for 2015- 16 and 2016-17 was finalized. There were several recom- mendations of the workshop which were compiled in the proceedings of the workshop and after the approval from the Council, the same were circulated to all the partners for the compliance Workshop on CRP-AB organized at ICAR-NBPGR
20.2 Participation of Staff in Training Programmes
Name Title of Training Programme Place and period Anjali Kak, Anju Jain, Deen Dayal, Dinesh Prasad, Internal Auditor’s Training on ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, DP Semwal, Kamna Tandon, KD Joshi, ISO: 9001: 2008 January 20-22 KK Gangopadhyay, K Pradheep, Madhu Bala, Mukesh Rana, Om Prakash, Pardeep Kumar, Prabal Das, Rajesh Kumar, Sandeep Kumar, Sandhya Gupta, Sangeeta Tanwar, Satyapal Singh, SP Singh, Vandana Tyagi Ruchi Bansal Training Programme on Phenotyping UAS, Bengaluru, Karnataka, for Drought Adaptive Traits and Trait February 23-March 7 Introgression through Molecular Approaches Jameel Akhtar Online Course on Global Taxonomy New Delhi, March 2-April 28 Initiative Training on DNA Barcoding under CBD Organized by Ontario Institute of Biodiversity, University of Guelph, Canada Pardeep Kumar International Training on Quarantine National Institute of Plant Pests: Detection and Identification Health Management, Hyderabad, April 8-28 A Kandan Training on RNA-Interference as a ICAR-NRCPB, New Delhi, Tool for Plant Functional Genomics May 6-26 and Crop Improvement Gayacharan Summer School Training on Novel ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, UP Genomic Tools and Modern Breeding September 5-25 Approaches for Enhancing Productivity and Nutritional Quality of Pulse Crops Anitha Pedapati Training Programme on Intellectual ICAR-IARI, August 12- Property Rights in Agriculture September, 1 Dinesh Chand, GD Harish Short Course on Crop-Wild Relatives: ICAR-NBPGR , New Delhi, Identification, Collecting and Utilisation August 19-28 Monika Singh, Sushmita Training on Detection of Living Punjab Biotechnology Modified Organisms (LMOs) Incubator, Mohali, Punjab, October 26-31
TRAININGS AND CAPACITY BUILDING 145 Kavita Gupta, Shashi Bhalla, V Celia Chalam Training Workshop on Risk New Delhi, November 2-4 Communication under UNEP-GEF Supported Phase-II Capacity Building Project on Biosafety Om Vir Singh Training on Management Development ICAR-NAARM, Program on Leadership Development Hyderabad, November 28- December 11 Rekha Chaudhury Training Programme on Augmentation TERI, New Delhi, of Technical Competence in NE India December 9 for Large Scale Propagation of Disease-Free Tissue Culture Plants SP Singh Competency Enhancement Programme ICAR-NAARM, Hyderabad, for Technical Officers of ICAR December 14-23
146 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 GENERAL INFORMATION 21
21.1 Institute Management Committee (IMC) Director ICAR-NBPGR, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110012 Chairman Assistant Director General (Seed), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Member Krishi Bhawan, New Delhi - 110001 Development Commissioner (Rural), Delhi Government, 5/9 Under Hill Road, Delhi - 110054 Member Director (Agriculture), Department of Agriculture, Pant Krishi Bhawan, Jaipur-302005, Rajasthan Member Head, Division of Genetics, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi - 110012 Member The Comptroller, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi - 110012 Member Dr OP Yadav, Project Director, ICAR-Indian Institute of Maize Research, New Delhi - 110012 Member Dr Pratap Birthal, Principal Scientist, ICAR-National Centre for Agricultural Economics and Policy Research, New Delhi - 110012 Member Dr AK Singh, Head, Division of Genetics, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi - 110012 Member Dr Rajendra Prasad, Professor (Agricultural Statistics), ICAR-IASRI, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110012 Member Senior Admn. Officer, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi - 110012 Member Secretary
21.2 Research Advisory Committee (RAC) Dr Tej Pratap, Vice-Chancellor, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Chairman Technology, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir Dr S Edison, Former Director, ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala Member Dr JP Khurana, Professor of Plant Molecular Biology, Delhi University, Delhi Member Dr JS Chauhan, Assistant Director General (Seed), ICAR, New Delhi - 110012 Member Dr AK Singh, Professor, Division of Genetics, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi - 110012 Member Dr KS Ravi, Lead-Vegatable Research Centre, Maharashtra Hybrid Seeds Co. Ltd., Bengaluru, Karnataka Member Dr KC Bansal, Director, ICAR-NBPGR, Pusa Campus, New Delhi - 110012 Member Dr KV Bhat, Principal Scientist & I/C DGR, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi - 110012 Member Secretary
The XVII meeting of the Research Advisory Committee The 26th Institute Research Council (IRC) meeting from (RAC) of ICAR-NBPGR was held on July 7, 2015 at July 8-9, 2015, was held under the Chairmanship of Dr New Delhi under the Chairmanship of Dr Tej Pratap, KC Bansal, Director, ICAR-NBPGR. Dr JS Chauhan, Vice-Chancellor, Sher-e-Kashmir University of ADG (Seed) & Member, RAC was a special invitee. Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar. Other The progress report of 88 institute projects operational RAC members included Dr S Edison, Dr Sushama at Headquarters and Regional Stations were presented Chaphalkar, Dr KS Ravi, Dr JS Chauhan, Dr KC Bansal by the Principal Investigators of the respective projects (Director, ICAR-NBPGR) and Dr KV Bhat (Member and OICs/ Scientists of the respective Regional Stations. Secretary). All the HODs/OICs from Headquarters and Presentations were made by HoDs of Divisions and OICs regional stations presented the salient achievements and of Units/Regional Stations followed by the PIs of the discussions were held on constraints and emerging respective projects. Important thrust areas requiring issues. efforts were identified: (i) Consortium Research Platform on Agro-biodiversity (ii) Modernization of 21.3 Institute Research Council (IRC) National Genebank (iii) Identification of new crops for Chairman - Director, ICAR-NBPGR food and agriculture (iv) Identification of premium germplasm for popularisation among farmers directly (v) Member Secretary - Dr V Celia Chalam identification of specific areas for in situ/on-farm
GENERAL INFORMATION 147 conservation of landraces and crop wild relatives (vi) 15 and targets for the period 2015-16 for submission Evaluating germplasm from the perspective of nutritional to ICAR. security and the natural resource-use efficiency (vii) • Coordinating all scientific activities of HQs and Popularizing unique/elite/potential germplasm Regional Stations (processing project proposals, instantaneously for use by breeders. manuscripts/ abstracts; training/ fellowship proposals 21.4 Institute Joint Staff Council (IJSC) etc. for approval as per the ICAR Guidelines). Processed 18 project proposals (for submission to Chairman- Director, ICAR-NBPGR external funding agencies), 52 abstracts for Members Staff Side submission for international conferences/ 1. Shri Subhash Chander Sharma, Secretary (Staff Side) symposiums) and 35 manuscripts for submission for 2. Shri Mahesh Ram, SSS, GED (Member CJSC) 3. Shri Braham Prakash, Sr. Tech Asstt. publication. 4. Shri Diksha Gautam, Sr. Tech. Asstt., TCCU • Submission of regular information to the Council 5. Shri Yogesh Kumar Gupta, Asstt. 6. Shri Yatish Chandra, SSS, GED - Submission of six-monthly reports on targets and Members Office Side achievements of Institute 1. Dr SK Malik Principal Scientist, Secretary (Office Side) - Half-yearly progress report of the scientists 2. Dr JC Rana, Head, GED - Agenda items and ATR (on recommendations) 3. Dr TV Prasad, Senior Scientist, GED for Director’s conference and the Regional 4. Dr Sherry R Jacob, Scientist, GCD Committee meetings. 5. Shri Vivek Purwar, Sr. Admn. Officer 6. Shri DS Bisht, Sr. F&AO • Inputs provided on 21.5 Prioritization Monitoring and Evaluation - Parliament questions, audit paras, and any other (PME) Cell information as and when required to ICAR. PME Cell at NBPGR was constituted in March 2012 • Facilitated: through National Agricultural Innovation Project - Publication of VISION 2050 (NAIP). - Developing MoUs/ Bilateral Agreements with national/ international agencies. Constitution of Cell - Signing of contracts for two UNEP-GEF Dr Shashi Bhalla Officer-incharge Projects Ms Madhu Bala Priyadarshi Co-Nodal Officer • Assisted Director for coordinating various activities: Dr IS Bisht Member - Providing monthly information on various Dr Vandana Tyagi Member & Co-Nodal important activities of the PGR management and Officer RFD status report. Dr TV Prasad Member, HRD Nodal - HRD plan of various Divisions and Regional Officer stations for the XII plan Mr KD Joshi Technical Officer - Visits of international delegates to NBPGR As per the NAIP guidelines, PME Cell is involved in MIS FMS at NBPGR: Provided Support for its the major activities related to coordination and implementation and smooth running viz., creating RPP- synthesization of recommendations of various I of new projects for generating project code and scheme institutional committees. The achievements made during code, submission of RPP2 and RPP3; training the period under report are as follows: information applying leaves, indent raising; information related to transfer and joining of employees. • Coordination and synthesis of the recommendations of IRC and RAC. Preparation of the report for HRD Activities priority setting based on the recommendations of Annual Training Plan (ATP) of Scientists and IRC, RAC and QRT. Technical staff within India for the year 2015-16 • Coordination and synthesis of the RFD document and 2016-17 has been prepared based on the training of the Institute i.e. achievements for the period 2014- needs assessment and submitted to the Council
148 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Skill deficient areas for training of scientists, technical staff and administrative staff of the Institute have been identified and submitted to the Council KRISHI Portal: KRISHI-Knowledge based Resources Information Systems Hub for Innovations in Agriculture, is an initiative of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) to bring its knowledge resources to all stakeholders at one place. The portal is being developed as a centralized data repository system of ICAR consisting of technologies, data generated through experiments/ surveys/ observational studies, geo-spatial data, publications, learning resources etc. Since its inception in March 2015, preliminary information on data types and its availability is collected and efforts have been put for digitization of historical Decision Support System of PME Cell data where available. Management of databases • ICAR - Regular updating of Project Information Management System (PIMS) - Information w.r.t. all the projects at HQs and Regional Stations i.e. both institute (87) and externally funded projects was updated. - Updating of Half-yearly progress monitoring of the scientists (HYPM) Web page of Data retrieval for In-House Project and information of Scientist and Projects The half yearly progress (both targets and achievements) w. r. t. 112 scientists (both at HQs Web form for getting information related to particular and Regional Stations) was monitored. scientist and his projects provides project information of particular scientist in terms of PI or Co-PI. Decision Support System for PME Cell
Decision support system for PME cell was updated with information of projects, publications, proceedings etc. It is presently providing detailed and query based information of projects (externally funded and in-house). Information regarding annual report, ICAR Guidelines, and proceedings of IRC, RAC and Director’ Conference have been uploaded. http://202.141.12.147/pme/ homepage.aspx Web page of Externally Funded Project Summary Web page of externally funded report summarizes information about, number of projects, funding agencies, budget and PIs of projects. Data for this decision support system is stored in SQL Server 2008. Data retrieval for In-house Projects and Projects
GENERAL INFORMATION 149 21.6 Personnel
(i) Scientific Staff in position on 31.12.2015
S.No. Name Designation Discipline 1. Dr KC Bansal Director Plant Physiology Division of Germplasm Evaluation 2. Dr JC Rana Principal Scientist & Head Plant Breeding 3. Dr Ashok Kumar Principal Scientist Plant Breeding 4. Dr KK Gangopadhyay Principal Scientist Horticulture 5. Dr Archana Raina Principal Scientist Plant Biochemistry 6. Mr NK Gautam Scientist (Selection Grade) Economic Botany 7. Dr TV Prasad Senior Scientist Agricultural Entomology 8. Dr Rakesh Bhardwaj Senior Scientist Biochemistry 9. Dr Sandeep Kumar Senior Scientist Biochemistry 10. Dr Rakesh Srivastava Senior Scientist Horticulture 11. Dr Jyoti Kumari Senior Scientist Plant Breeding 12. Dr Rashmi Yadav Senior Scientist Agronomy 13. Dr Vikender Kaur Scientist Economic Botany 14. Dr Gayacharan Scientist Biotechnology 15. Dr Ruchi Bansal Scientist Plant Physiology Division of Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection 16. Dr SP Ahlawat Principal Scientist & Head Genetics and Plant Breeding 17. Dr Anjula Pandey Principal Scientist Economic Botany 18. Dr KC Bhatt Principal Scientist Economic Botany 19. Dr K Pradheep Senior Scientist Economic Botany 20. Dr DP Semwal Senior Scientist Economic Botany 21. Shri Soyimchiten Scientist Horticulture Division of Germplasm Conservation 22. Dr RK Tyagi Principal Scientist & Head Economic Bolany 23. Dr Kalyani Srinivasan Principal Scientist Plant Physiology 24. Dr Veena Gupta Principal Scientist Economic Botany 25. Dr Neeta Singh Principal Scientist Plant Physiology 26. Dr J Radhamani Principal Scientist Plant Physiology 27. Dr Anjali Kak Koul Principal Scientist Economic Botany 28. Dr Chitra Pandey Senior Scientist Seed Technology 29. Dr Sushil Pandey Senior Scientist Seed Technology 30. Dr Sherry Rachel Jacob Scientist Seed Technology 31. Dr J Aravind Scientist Plant Genetics Division of Plant Quarantine 32. Dr SC Dubey Principal Scientist & Head Plant Pathology 33. Dr Baleshwar Singh Principal Scientist Plant Pathology 34. Dr Shashi Bhalla Principal Scientist Agricultural Entomology 35. Dr DB Parakh Principal Scientist Plant Pathology 36. Dr V Celia Chalam Principal Scientist Plant Pathology 37. Dr Kavita Gupta Principal Scientist Agricultural Entomology 38. Dr Mool Chand Singh Principal Scientist Agronomy
150 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 39. Dr Surendra Pal Singh Senior Scientist Agricultural Entomology 40. Dr Zakaullah Khan Senior Scientist Nematology 41. Dr Jameel Akhtar Senior Scientist Plant Pathology 42. Dr Aravindaram Kandan Senior Scientist Plant Pathology 43. Dr Bharat Hanumanta Gawade Scientist Nematology 44. Dr Pardeep Kumar Scientist Biotechnology Germplasm Exchange Unit 45. Dr Pratibha Brahmi Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany 46. Dr Vandana Tyagi Principal Scientist Economic Botany 47. Dr SK Yadav Principal Scientist Horticulture 48. Dr Anitha Pedapati Scientist Horticulture Policy Planning Unit 49. Dr Pratibha Brahmi Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany Tissue Culture & Cryopreservation Unit 50. Dr Rekha Chaudhury Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany 51. Dr Ruchira Pandey Principal Scientist Economic Botany 52. Dr Neelam Sharma Principal Scientist Economic Botany 53. Dr Anuradha Agarwal Principal Scientist Economic Botany 54. Dr Sandhya Gupta Principal Scientist Economic Botany 55. Dr SK Malik Principal Scientist Economic Botany 56. Dr Anju Jain Senior Scientist Economic Botany 57. Dr Vartika Srivastava Scientist Fruit Sciences Division of Genomic Resources 58. Dr KV Bhat Principal Scientist & OIC Plant Breeding 59. Dr Gurinderjit Randhawa Principal Scientist Plant Physiology 60. Dr MC Yadav Principal Scientist Genetics/Cytogenetics 61. Dr Soma Sundar Marla Principal Scientist Biotechnology 62. Dr Mukesh Kumar Rana Principal Scientist Plant Breeding 63. Dr Ambika Baldev Principal Scientist Biotechnology 64. Dr Rakesh Singh Principal Scientist Biotechnology 65. Dr Lalit Arya Senior Scientist Biochemistry 66. Dr Manjusha Verma Senior Scientist Biochemistry 67. Dr Sundeep Kumar Senior Scientist Biotechnology 68. Dr Tapan Kumar Mondal Senior Scientist Biotechnology 69. Dr Amit Kumar Singh Scientist Biotechnology 70. Dr R Parimalan (on study leave) Scientist (Senior Scale) Biotechnology 71. Dr Chet Ram Scientist Biotechnology 72. Dr Yasin Jeshima Khan Scientist Genetics/ Cytogenetics 73. Dr S Rajkumar Scientist Genetics/ Cytogenetics 74. Dr Rajesh Kumar Scientist Plant Biotechnology 75. Dr Monika Singh Scientist Agricultural Biotechnology 76. Ms Sheel Yadav Scientist Biotechnology (Plant Science) 77. Dr DP Wankhede Scientist Plant Genetics 78. Ms Sushmita Scientist Plant Physiology AKMU 79. Dr Sunil Archak National Fellow Biotechnology
GENERAL INFORMATION 151 80. Dr Shashi Bhalla Principal Scientist and OIC Agricultural Entomology 81. Ms Madhubala Priyadarshini Scientist (Senior Scale) Computer Applications in Agriculture AICRN-PC 82. Dr BS Phogat Principal Scientist and Agronomy Network Coordinator 83. Dr Hanuman Lal Raiger Principal Scientist Agricultural Statistics Regional Station, Akola 84. Dr Nilamani Dikshit Senior Scientist & OIC Economic Botany 85. Dr Dinesh Chand Senior Scientist Economic Botany and PGR Regional Station, Bhowali 86. Dr SK Verma Principal Scientist & OIC Plant Breeding 87. Dr IS Bisht Principal Scientist Plant Pathology 88. Dr KS Negi Principal Scientist Economic Botany Base Centre, Cuttack 89. Dr Dipti Ranjan Pani Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany 90. Dr RC Misra Senior Scientist Economic Botany Regional Station, Jodhpur 91. Dr Omvir Singh Principal Scientist & OIC Plant Breeding 92. Dr AK Singh Senior Scientist Economic Botany Regional Station, Hyderabad 93. Dr B Sarath Babu Principal Scientist & OIC Agricultural Entomology 94. Dr SK Chakrabarty Principal Scientist Plant Pathology 95. Dr SR Pandrawada Principal Scientist Economic Botany 96. Dr Kamala Venkateshwaran Principal Scientist Economic Botany 97. Dr Natarajan Sivaraj Principal Scientist Economic Botany 98. Dr Anitha Kodaru Principal Scientist Plant Pathology 99. Dr K Rameash Senior Scientist Agricultural Entomology 100. Ms P Pranusha (on study leave) Scientist Plant Physiology 7, Ranchi 101. Dr RS Rathi Senior Scientist & OIC Economic Botany 102. Shri Santosh Kumar Bishnoi Scientist Genetics (on study leave) Regional Station, Shillong 103. Dr AK Misra Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany 104. Dr Somnath Roy Scientist Plant Breeding 105. Dr Harish GD Scientist Genetics and Plant Breeding Regional Station, Shimla 106. Dr Mohar Singh Senior Scientist & OIC Plant Breeding Regional Station, Srinagar (J & K) 107. Dr Sheikh Mohd. Sultan Senior Scientist & OIC Economic Botany Regional Station, Thrissur 108. Dr Joseph John K Principal Scientist & OIC Economic Botany 109. Dr M Latha Principal Scientist Plant Breeding 110. Dr Abdul Nizar Senior Scientist Economic Botany 111. Ms Suma A (on study leave) Scientist Economic Botany
152 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 ii) Technical Staff at ICAR-NBPGR Headquarters and its Regional Stations (as on 31.12.2015) S.no. Name Designation Div/Unit/Stn. ICAR-NBPGR Headquarters at New Delhi 1. Shri Rajiv Gambhir Assistant Chief Technical Officer AKMU 2. Shri Vijay Kumar Mandal Technical Assistant AKMU 3. Shri Dinesh Kumar Pokhriyal Senior Technician DGR 4. Shri Rohtash Singh Senior Technician DGR 5. Shri Dikshant Gautam Technical Officer DGR 6. Shri Rajiv Mathur Assistant Chief Technical Officer Director Tech. Cell 7. Shri Abhay Sharma Technical Officer Director Tech. Cell 8. Shri Arun Kumar Sharma Senior Technical Assistant Director Tech. Cell 9. Dr Narendra Singh Panwar Assistant Chief Technical Officer PEGC 10. Shri Rakesh Singh Assistant Chief Technical Officer PEGC 11. Shri Rita Gupta Senior Technical Officer PEGC 12. Shri Om Prakash Dhariwal Senior Technical Assistant PEGC 13. Shri Shashi Kant Sharma Senior Technical Assistant PEGC 14. Shri BP Dahiya Chief Technical Officer GCD 15. Shri Rajvir Singh Assistant Chief Technical Officer GCD 16. Shri Axma Dutt Sharma Assistant Chief Technical Officer GCD 17. Smt Rita Rani Senior Technical Officer GCD 18. Shri Ram Singh Senior Technical Officer GCD 19. Smt Smita Lenka Jain Senior Technical Officer GCD 20. Shri Satya Prakash Technical Officer GCD 21. Smt Nirmala Dabral, DEO Senior Technical Assistant GCD 22. Shri Lal Singh Senior Technical Assistant, Electrician GCD 23. Miss Poonam Suneja Assistant Chief Technical Officer GED 24. Shri Bharat Lal Meena Senior Technical Officer GED 25. Shri Babu Ram Senior Technical Officer GED 26. Shri Bopal Singh Panwar Senior Technical Officer GED 27. Shri YS Rathi Senior Technical Officer GED 28. Shri Ombir Singh Ahlawat Technical Officer GED 29. Shri Narendra Pal Technical Officer GED 30. Shri Ram Kumar Sharma Technical Officer GED 31. Shri Surender Singh Bhoj Senior Technician Assistant GED 32. Shri Ram Nandan Senior Technician AICRN-PC 33. Shri Satya Pal Singh Assistant Chief Technical Officer GEX 34. Shri Surender Singh Ranga Assistant Chief Technical Officer GEX 35. Shri Punam Chand Binda Senior Technical Assistant GEX 36. Shri SK Ojha Senior Technician GEX 37. Smt Sangeeta Tanwar Senior Technical Officer LIB. 38. Shri Om Prakash Technical Officer LIB. 39. Shri Ashok Kumar Maurya Assistant Chief Technical Officer PQD 40. Shri Dharm Singh Meena Assistant Chief Technical Officer PQD 41. Shri KD Joshi Senior Technical Officer PQD 42. Shri Sunil Kumar Technical Assistant PQD 43. Shri Naresh Kumar Senior Technician PQD 44. Shri Ram Prasad Yadav Assistant Chief Technical Officer TCCU 45. Shri Devendra Kumar Nerwal Senior Technical Officer TCCU 46. Shri Anang Pal Senior Technical Officer TCCU 47. Shri Ramesh Chandra Technical Officer TCCU 48. Shri Dharam Pal Singh Meena Technical Officer TCCU 49. Shri Dinesh Chand Mishra Senior Technical Assistant TCCU 50. Shri Brahm Prakash, Driver Senior Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell 51. Shri Wazir Singh, Driver Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell 52. Shri Balwant Singh, Driver Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell 53. Shri Khusvinder Kumar, Driver Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell 54. Shri Ram Balak Rai, Driver Technical Assistant Vehicle Cell 55. Shri Ravinder Kumar, Driver Senior Technician Vehicle Cell 56. Shri Ranjit Singh, Driver Senior Technician Vehicle Cell 57. Shri Gopal Singh, Driver Senior Technician Vehicle Cell
GENERAL INFORMATION 153 Regional Station, Akola 58. Shri LT Dabekar Technical Assistant (Driver) Regional Station, Bhowali 59. Shri PS Mehta Senior Technical Officer 60. Shri Ramit Joshi Senior Technical Assistant 61. Shri Mohan Ram Senior Technical Assistant (Driver) Regional Station, Hyderabad 62. Shri Babu Abraham Assistant Chief Technical Officer 63. Shri R Gunasekharan Technical Officer 64. Shri M Venkataraman Reddy Senior Technician (Driver) 65. Shri Mohd Abas Ali Khan Technical Assistant (Driver) Regional Station, Jodhpur 66. Shri Bhatta Ram Senior Technical Assistant 67. Shri Gordhan Singh Senior Technical Assistant (Driver) Base Centre, Ranchi 68. Shri Ashok Kumar Gupta Senior Technical Officer 69. Shri Narendra Ram Senior Technical Assistant (Driver) Regional Station, Shillong 70. Shri Sanjeev Kumar Singh Technical Officer Regional Station, Shimla 71. Shri Brij Pal Singh Senior Technical Officer 72. Shri Ram Chander Senior Technician 73. Shri Dayal Singh Senior Technician 74. Shri Joginder Singh Technical Assistant Regional Station, Thrissur 75. Shri S Mani Senior Technical Officer 76. Shri R Asokan Nair Senior Technical Officer 77. Smt Indira Devi Technical Officer 78. Shri EN Prabhakaran Senior Technician (Driver)
(iii) Administrative Staff at HQs and Regional Stations (as on 31.12.2015)
Establishment Section S.No. Name Designation 1. Shri Vivek Purwar Sr. AO 2. Smt Poonam Batra PA 3. Shri Din Dayal Asstt. Admn. Officer 4. Smt Sangeeta Gambhir Assistant 5. Smt Savitri Devi Assistant 6. Smt Satvinder Kaur Assistant 7. Shri Yogesh Kumar Assistant 8. Shri KC Kundu Sr. Clerk 9. Shri Arvind Kumar Sr. Clerk 10. Shri Dev Kumar Sr. Clerk Accounts Sections 11. Smt Kamana Tandon AO 12. Smt Yashoda Rani Assistant 13. Shri Mahabir Singh Yadav Assistant 14. Shri JK Singh Sr. Clerk 15. Smt Madhu Chawla Assistant 16. Shri Dinesh Sharma Assistant Stores 17. Shri Subhash Chander Asstt. Admn. Officer Purchase 18. Shri Dinesh Prasad Asstt. Admn. Officer 19. Shri Sanjay Dangwal Sr. Clerk
154 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Audit Section 20. Shri DS Bisht Sr. F & AO 21. Shri Anil Kumar Agarwal F & AO 22. Shri VK Rai AF & AO 23. Shri Avdhesh Kumar Asstt. Admn. Officer 24. Smt Surinder Kaur Assistant 25. Shri Surender Kumar Assistant 26. Smt Bharti Sharma Assistant 27. Smt Vijay Laxmi Sharma Assistant 28. Shri Prabal Dasgupta Assistant Pension & Records 29. Smt Vijay Laxmi Gulati Asstt. Admn. Officer 30. Smt Amrita Negi Assistant Director’s Cell 31. Smt Kanchan Khurana PA Prof. PGR & GCD 32. Shri Ganga Nand PS Plant Quarantine Division 33. Smt V Vijayalakshmi PA Plant Expl. and Germ. Collecting Division 34. Smt Urmila PA Germplasm Evaluation Division 35. Smt Neelam Khatri PA Hindi Unit 36. Smt Archna Raghav AD (OL) Security 37. Shri Umesh Chandra Sati Security Officer
(iv) Administrative staff at Regional Stations (as on 31.12.2015)
Regional Station, Akola 38. Shri Purushottam Dhoke Assistant 39. Smt Smita D Karle LDC Regional Station, Bhowali 40. Shri Nandan Singh Patwal Asstt. Admn. Officer Regional Station, Hyderabad 41. Shri M Srinivasa Rao Assistant 42. Smt Radha Rani Assistant 43. Shri P Suleman Sr. Clerk Regional Station, Jodhpur 44. Smt Leela Sharma Assistant Regional Station, Shillong 45. Smt Lakshmilian Kharnary Sr. Clerk 46. Smt Graciously Dkhar Private Secretary Regional Station, Shimla 47. Smt Pratibha Asstt. Admn. Officer Regional Station, Thrissur 48. Shri Bhadra Kumar S Asstt. Admn. Officer 49. Shri Benny Mathew Sr. Clerk ICAR 50. Shri Surya Kant Private Secretary
GENERAL INFORMATION 155 (v) Skilled Support Staff ICAR-NBPGR Headquarters (as on 31.12.2015) S.No. Name S.No. Name Director's Personnel Cell 24. Shri Nand Kishore 1. Shri Surender Kumar 25. Shri Chandeshwar Rai (S/o Shri Mishri Rai) 2. Shri Hari Chand Paswan GEX Unit Director's Technical Cell 26. Shri Arun Kumar 3. Shri Om Prakash Division of Genomic Resources Germplasm Conservation Division 27. Smt Agya Devi 4. Shri Basant Kumar 28. Shri Ramesh Chand 5. Shri Sandesh Kumar ARIS Cell 6. Smt Laxmi Devi 29. Shri Lalu Rai 7. Shri Bhun Bhun Shah Library Germplasm Evaluation Division 30. Shri Umesh Kumar 8. Shri Mahesh Ram Sr. AO Cell 9. Shri Ram Kishan 31. Shri T Pokheral 10. Shri Kush Kumar Despatch Section 11. Shri Braham Dev Paswan 32. Shri Anant Swaroop 12. Shri Ram Kalit Rai Accounts Section 13. Shri Rohtash 33. Shri Sanjeev Paswan 14. Shri Yatish Chandra Audit Section 15. Smt Rukmani 34. Shri Sunil Kumar 16. Shri Chandeshwar Rai (S/o Shri Gambhira Rai) 35. Shri Yogesh Kumar 17. Shri Rajinder 36. Shri Suresh Rai AICRN-PC Estt. CDN 18. Shri Mahadev Maurya 37. Shri Roshan Lal Germplasm Exploration & Collection Division Experimental Farm, Issapur, New Delhi 19. Smt Manju Devi 38. Shri Dharambir 20. Smt Sharda Devi 39. Shri Daya Nand Plant Quarantine Division 40. Shri Bindeshwar Thakur 21 Shri Suresh Chand Rai 41. Shri Dhir Singh 22. Shri Sat Narayan Thakur 42. Shri Mahabir Singh TCCU 23. Smt Geeta Devi
(vi) Skilled Support Staff at ICAR-NBPGR Regional Stations (as on 31.12.2015)
S.No. Name S.No. Name Regional Station, Akola Base Centre, Ranchi 43. Shri SR Pacherwal 59. Shri Vijay Kumar 44. Shri RC More Regional Station, Shimla 45. Shri RP Barsse 60. Shri Jagat Ram 46. Shri Arun Diwakar Godlinga 61. Shri Bhagwan Singh 47. Shri MB Nikose 62. Shri Paras Ram Regional Station, Bhowali 63. Shri Girdhar Gopal 48. Shri Anand Kumar 64. Shri Rohit 49. Shri Girish Chand Arya 65. Shri Sukhdev 50. Smt Tulsi Devi 66. Shri Dalip Singh Base Centre, Cuttack 67. Shri Inder Singh 51. Shri Sarangdhar Barik Regional Station, Shillong Regional Station, Hyderabad 68. Shri DB Thapa 52. Shri Mohd. Mazhar Pasha 69. Shri AK Deka 53. Shri M Shankar 70. Shri ARashid 54. Shri E Satyanarayan Regional Station, Thrissur 55. Shri MB Keshwa Raju 71. Shri MK Prakassen 56. Shri M Srinivas 72. Smt VK Rugmini Regional Station, Jodhpur 73. Smt Anitha Komvalappil 57. Shri Sohan Singh 74. Smt EM Sumathy 58. Shri Dasharth Sing Rajpurohit
156 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 21.7 Staff Reservations
Category Total number of Total number of Total number of Total number of Employees Scheduled Caste Scheduled Tribe OBC Employees (SC) Employees (ST) Employees Scientist 109 08 1 11 Technical 79 14 3 6 Administrative 55 10 2 0 Supporting 74 29 3 10
21.8 Staff Transferred/ Retired/ New to KVK, West Siang, Basar, Arunachal Pradesh Appointments w.e.f. December 17, 2015. 21.8.1 Transfers 21.8.2 Retirements • Dr M Abdul Nizar, Senior Scientist, transferred from • Mr HS Chauhan, Administrative Officer, ICAR- ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Akola to Thrissur w.e.f. January NBPGR, New Delhi, superannuated on January 31, 24, 2015. 2015. • Dr Kutubuddin Ali Molla, Scientist, Division of • Ms Kuljit Kaur, Assistant Administrative Officer, Genomic Resources transferred to Nation Rice ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, superannuated on Research Institute, Cuttack w.e.f. May 2, 2015. January 31, 2015. • Mr KC Kundu, Senior Clerk (P-II), transferred • Dr E Roshini Nayar, Principal Scientist, Division of from ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi to ICAR-NBPGR, Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection, ICAR- RS, Ranchi. NBPGR, New Delhi, superannuated on February 28, 2015. • Dr IS Bisht, Principal Scientist and Officer-in- • Charge, Technical Cell, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi Mr Prakash Chand, Senior Technical Assistant, transferred to ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Bhowali, ICAR-NBPGR RS, Shimla superannuated on Uttarakhand, w.e.f. August 1, 2015. February 28, 2015. • Mr Harender Singh, Senior Technical Officer (T- • Dr Nidhi Verma, Principal Scientist, Germplasm 6), Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR- Exchange Unit transferred to Agricultural Education NBPGR, New Delhi, superannuated on March 31, Division w.e.f. August 22, 2015. 2015. • Dr TP Singh, Senior Scientist, Germplasm Evaluation • Mr JK Ingle, Senior Technical Officer, ICAR- Division transferred to ICAR-IARI, New Delhi NBPGR, RS, Akola, superannuated on July 31, 2015. w.e.f. August 27, 2015. • Mr Bhuwnesh Kumar, Technical Officer, Division • Mr VK Rai, Assistant Finance and Accounts Officer, of Germplasm Conservation, ICAR-NBPGR, New ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, transferred to Ncap, Delhi, superannuated on December 31, 2015. ICAR, New Delhi, w.e.f. September 1, 2015. • Mr Anil Kumar Agarwal, Finance and Accounts • Mr Sandeep Gaur, Assistant, ICAR-Directorate of Officer, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi superannuated Floriculture, Pune, joined ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi on December 31, 2015. w.e.f. September 19, 2015. 21.8.3 New Appointments • Dr (Ms) S Sheelamary, Scientist, Division of • Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, Dr RK Tyagi, Principal Scientist, joined as Head, transferred to ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute, Division of Germplasm Conservation, ICAR- Coimbatore, w.e.f. November 30, 2015. NBPGR, New Delhi w.e.f. February 20, 2015. • • Dr CS Raghav, Assistant Chief Technical Officer, Dr SP Ahlawat joined as Head, Division of Plant Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-NBPGR, Exploration and Germplasm Collection, ICAR- New Delhi, transferred as Programme Coordinator, NBPGR, New Delhi w.e.f. February 26, 2015.
GENERAL INFORMATION 157 • Dr N Dikshit, Senior Scientist became Officer-in- management and sustainable utilization of plant Charge, ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Akola w.e.f. January genetic resources of Indian Himalayan Region. 24, 2015. • Dr Yasin Jeshima Khan, was conferred with SRDA • Dr JC Rana, joined as Head, Division of Germplasm Gold Medal-2014 in the field of Agriculture, during Evaluation, ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, w.e.f. April International Conference on “Technological 6, 2015. interventions in agricultural sciences to enhance productivity, nutritional quality and value addition • Dr Kuldeep Tripathi joined as Scientist at ICAR- (TIAS-2014)” held from February 17-19, 2015 at NBPGR, New Delhi, w.e.f. October 9, 2015. Central Institute of Horticulture, Department of Agriculture and Co-operation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. • Dr SR Pandravada, was bestowed with the “Award for Excellence in Research” under 3rd Science and Technology Awards-2015 instituted by EET CRS at Bangalore on June 14. • Dr JC Rana, received the ‘Dr R.B. Ekbote Award’ in recognition of his significant research contribution in the area of plant breeding and genetics. The award consists of a citation and a token cash award of Rs. 5,000. The award was conferred to him during the foundation day celebrations of Agharkar Research Dr JC Rana receiving the Prof. MS Swaminathan Award Institute, Pune, on November 18.
21.8.4 Promotions of Staff ICAR-NBPGR becomes ISO 9001-2008 Certified Institute • Mr Avdhesh Kumar, promoted from Assistant to Assistant Administrative Officer w.e.f. January 30, The ICAR-NBPGR was awarded the ISO 9001:2008 Certificate of 2015. Registration for its quality • management system to act as the Mr Subhash Chander Sharma, promoted from nodal institute at the national level Assistant to Assistant Administrative Officer w.e.f. for acquisition and management March 9, 2015. of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and to carry out the 21.9 Awards/ Honours/ Prizes related research and human resource development for 21.9.1 Awards and Honours: sustainable growth of agriculture. • The ISO certificate was awarded Dr JC Rana, received the first Prof. MS with effect from March 7. Swaminathan National Award for Outstanding Research on Hill Agriculture constituted by ICAR • Dr SK Yadav was conferred “Young Scientist Research Complex for NE Region, Barapani, Award 2014” and “Fellowship Award 2014” at the Shillong, on January 1, 2015. The award comprises International Conference on Technological a citation and cash worth Rupees one lakh. Dr Interventions in Agricultural Sciences, CITH, Rana’s research work is mainly focussed on the Nagaland on February 18.
Vigilance Awareness Week Vigilance Awareness Week was observed from October 26-31, 2015 at Headquarters and Regional Stations of ICAR- NBPGR, to create awareness among staff and to check corruption. At the Headquarters, the programme was initiated with a pledge ceremony administered by Dr KC Bansal, Director on October 26, and posters and banners were displayed at prime locations within the campus. An essay writing competition on the topic ‘Corruption - a cancer and ways for its eradication’ was held on October 28, wherein 15 participants representing various staff categories participated. Among
158 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 them, Mr Shivam Kumar (PGR student) was adjudged 1st, Mr Sahadev Kuwardadra (PGR student) was 2nd, Mr KD Joshi (Assistant Chief Technical Officer) and Ms Arti Kumari (Skilled Contractual) secured 3rd position. A lecture was also organized on October 30. Mr Ravinesh Kumar, Director, DARE and Chief Vigilance Officer, ICAR, New Delhi, delivered a lecture on ‘Preventive vigilance as a tool of good governance’.Mr Girish Bhatt, Under Secretary (Vigilance), ICAR, New Delhi was the Guest of Honour. This was followed by a mime on corruption played by the PGR students of PG School, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi. All the 10 regional stations of ICAR-NBPGR, also observed Vigilance Awareness Week.
Lecture on ‘Preventive vigilance as a tool of good Mr Shivam Kumar (PGR student) receiving the 1st prize governance’ organized at ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi on from Mr Ravinesh Kumar for essay writing competition October 30, 2015. From left to right, Dr KC Bansal, Mr Ravinesh Kumar, Mr Girish Bhatt and Mr Vivek Purwar
• Dr Mahesh C Yadav, was awarded Bioved Fellowship Award-2016 by Bioved Research Institute of Agriculture and Technology, Allahabad during 17th Indian Agricultural Scientists and Farmer’s Congress on “Agri-Innovation for enhancing production and rural employment” on February 21. • Dr Lalit Arya conferred with “ISNS-Best Research Paper awarded on Morinda spp.” by International Society for Noni Science, Chennai, India for the year 2015 in recognition of her research paper on Gurinderjit Randhawa receiving Agriculture Leadership “Genetic diversity and population structure analyses Award 2015 for her leading role in Biotechnology of Morinda tomentosa Heyne, with neutral and Research and Development from Hon’ble Union Home Minister Shri Raj Nath Singh and Dr. Swaminathan on gene based markers (2014). Genetic Resources September 18, 2015. and Crop Evolution 61: 1469-1479. DOI 10.1007/ s10722-014-0168-4” submitted by Arya L, Ramya • Dr Gurinderjit Randhawa, was awarded Agriculture KN, Verma M, Singh AK and Gupta V. Leadership Award 2015 by Agriculture Today for leading role in Biotechnology Research and • Dr N Sivaraj was awarded with the ‘Renowned Development. Biodiversity Science Award – 2015’ by Advancement of Biodiversity Science, Department • Dr Gurinderjit Randhawa, was awarded Best of Botany, Karnataka University, Dharwad, Scientist Award 2015 by Science and Technology, Karnataka. EET CRS, Research Wing for excellence in Professional Education and Industry. • Dr K Anitha, Dr Kamala Venkateswaran, Dr N Sivaraj and Dr SR Pandravada, were awarded with • Dr Kamala Venkateswaran, Dr N Sivaraj and Dr “Distinguished Scientist Award” under VIF SR Pandravada were awarded the Fellow of the Research Awards 2015 instituted by Venus Association for the Advancement of Biodiversity International Foundation on December 19, at Science, Department of Botany, Karnataka Chennai. University, Dharwad, Karnataka.
GENERAL INFORMATION 159 • Dr K Rameash was awarded the Fellow of the In 24th National Conference on ‘Transboundary viral Entomological Society of India, New Delhi 110012. disease under one health: Perspectives and challenges’ (VIROCON 2015) organized by Indian • Dr Dinesh Chand, awarded as Fellow (2015) of the Virological Society at NEIGRIHMS, Shillong, Environmental Research Academy International, Meghalaya October 8-10. Visakhapatnam for significant contribution in the field of Plant Pathology on March 1. • Dr Sandeep Kumar, Senior Scientist, Division of Germplasm Evaluation, received best oral presentation 21.9.2 Best Poster/ Paper Awards: for the paper “ Biochemical interactions for host plant • Dr Banerjee A, Roy S and Mawkhlieng B awarded resistance to insect-pests” on 24th Feb., 2015, in 3rd Best Poster award for the poster entitled National Symposium on ‘Integrated pest management “Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal for sustainable crop protection’ organized by Division amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for rapid and of Entomology, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi during 24- sensitive detection of Chilli veinal mottle virus”. 25 February.
Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav
The flagship programme of the Prime Minister of India, ‘Mera Gaon Mera Gaurav (MGMG)’ was officially launched from October 2015, wherein agricultural scientists in the country are required to divide their attention between research and extension education to help in the success of ‘lab to land’ motto. The scheme envisages scientists to select villages as per their convenience and remain in touch with the selected villages and provide information to the farmers on technical and other related aspects in a time-frame through personal visits or on telephone. ICAR-NBPGR initiated activities under this programme. The ICAR- NBPGR RS, Bhowali, adopted Gadsiyari, Suri and adjoining villages (Matila, Oliagaon, Ookhina) in Tarikhet, Ranikhet and Almora districts. Information was gathered on various aspects of farming Group discussion with farmers of Village Gadsiyari from the farmers including, farmer household, land holdings, net sown area, cropping intensity, cropping systems, seed management systems, traditional agricultural knowledge and awareness about agrobiodiversity management. Interactions with the farmers were held on enabling policy issues facilitating mainstreaming biodiversity in production landscapes, aspects related to food sovereignty, agricultural production and household dietary diversity, etc.
21.10 Deputations Abroad Gurinderjit Randhawa, Principal Scientist, Division of Pratibha Brahmi, Principal Scientist participated as Genomic Resources (DGR), was invited as a resource Country Representative in the Final Meeting of the FAO person to participate in workshop on ‘Network of project on ‘Enhancing the Understanding and Laboratories for the Detection and Identification of Implementation of the ITPGRFA’ organized by FAO Living Modified Organisms (LMOs)’ at Ispra, Italy from Regional Office, Bangkok, Thailand from April 22-25. June 9-11. Amit Kumar Singh, Scientist, DGR, is on deputation from August 2015 to January 2016, to pursue post- doctoral research in the area of advanced genomics at University of Queensland, Australia under Endeavor Research Fellowship, 2015, awarded by Government of Australia. Sunil Archak, Senior Scientist, visited four Central Asian countries as part of the exploratory visit of delegation of ICAR scientists from September 14-27.
160 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Dr KC Bansal at the Sixth Session of the GB Meeting Dr Vandana Tyagi meeting with Dr Dieter Rucker and Dr of ITPGRFA, in Rome, Italy Thomas Meier during her study visit at BLE, Bonn, Germany SK Malik, Principal Scientist deputed to IPK, Sundeep Kumar, Senior Scientist, Division of Genomic Gatersleben, Germany for the study visit under the Indo Resources, visited University of Barcelona, Spain, to German joint project on Seed Development, September attend the ‘2nd Face-to-Face Meeting of the Expert 19 - October 11. Working Group on Wheat Phenotyping’ November 10- 12. V Celia Chalam, Principal Scientist, Division of Plant Quarantine, undertook a study tour to Australia as part Vandana Tyagi, Principal Scientist, visited Bonn, Germany of an inter-ministerial delegation under the UNEP-GEF for study visit to discuss policy framework of the Convention capacity building project on biosafety of LMOs, from on Biological Diversity and its implementation in India and September 20 to October 2. Germany and to understand the implementation of the ITPGRFA in Germany and take lessons for its KC Bansal, Director, ICAR-NBPGR participated in implementation in India from December 14-18. the sixth session of the Governing Body (GB 6) of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food 21.11 Library and Documentation Services and Agriculture (ITPGRFA), was held from 5-9 October ICAR-NBPGR library is a dedicated library on plant 2015, at Rome, Italy, which was preceded by the 4th genetic resource management. Scientists, technical Meeting of the Ad Hoc Open-ended Working Group to personnel, research associates, students and trainees Enhance the Functioning of the Multilateral System were regular users of the library. Library maintained its (MLS) of Access and Benefit-sharing (ABS), from designated services and activities of acquisition of books October 2-7.
Pratibha Brahmi at Regional Workshop of project "Enhancing understanding and implementation of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in Asia" held in Bangkok, Thailand
GENERAL INFORMATION 161 and journals, exchange of literature, development of library collection database, circulation, reference services and documentation. NBPGR Library is one of the members of ICAR- CeRA Consortium, so all scientists and technical personnel have facilities of accessing the on-line journals. During the period under report the library also subscribed “Oxford University Press” on-line journals for life science for their members. Newspaper clipping services on PGR and its related subjects were provided to readers regularly. During the year, 178 books related to various aspects of PGR management and Hindi literature was added to the library collection through Germplasm field day on Rabi oilseeds, pulses and purchase and exchange basis. Library procured 39 potential crops journals including 22 International Journals and 17 Indian through subscription/gift and exchange for the use at genetic variability and selected desired germplasm the Headquarters and different Regional Stations. A accessions for different traits for crop improvement. monthly list of new arrivals was also provided to readers 21.12.2 Germplasm Field Day on Wheat and at the Headquarters. Scientists and technical personnel Barley: Germplasm Field Day on Wheat and Barley have been provided on-line access of CABI Database. was organized at NBPGR Farm, Issapur, and NBPGR Bureau’s publications were provided to over 300 different Farm, IARI, New Delhi on March 26. The Field Day organizations in India and abroad and in return library was attended by 45 participants from ICAR institutes, has received 265 publications as gratis from various SAUs and Govt. Departments. The participants were national and international organizations. NBPGR exposed to 4,316 wheat accessions comprising core set Institute Repository has been created on D-Space (~2805 accessions), reference set (~348 accessions), software, providing full text access to NBPGR set for rainfed evaluation (1483 accessions) and a set publications. Presently it has collection of 65 books, 39 Newsletters and 24 Annual Reports. 21.12 Germplasm Field Days Organized 21.12.1 Germplasm Field Day on Rabi Oilseeds, Pulses and Potential Crops: A Germplasm Field Day on Rabi Oilseeds, Pulses and Potential crops was organized on March 18, 2015 at NBPGR, New Delhi, in which 50 scientists belonging to twelve organizations of eleven states participated. During the current season, 210 accessions of linseed, 750 accessions lentil and 100 accessions of potential crops were shown to the participants. The participants appreciated the crop
Germplasm field day on Wheat and Barley
162 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 of 253 accessions grown for evaluation against terminal ICAR institutes and SAUs attended. A total of 41 heat and drought tolerance. Besides, a set of 257 collections of bitter gourd, 17 of snake gourd, 11 of ash accessions of barley obtained from National Gene Bank gourd, 21 of pumpkin, 50 of cucumber, 8 of okra synthetic were also shown to breeders. The participants were also amphidiploids and 36 of wild Abelmoschus representing visited NBPGR, IARI Farm and seen a set of 650 11 species, besides wild species of Cucumis (8 spp.) accessions of wheat grown for evaluation against abiotic and Momordica (6 spp.) were displayed. stresses. The participants appreciated the entire range of variability exhibited in the core set and selected the material of their choice and provided valuable feedback for evaluation of specific traits for further utilization of the germplasm. 21.12.3 Cabbage Field Day: In addition to characterization, multiplication and evaluation, field day was organized on cabbage at the site where these germplasm accessions have been grown for characterization. The field day was attended by about 90 participants, farmers/ rural youth and scientists of NBPGR RS Shimla.
Participants of germplasm field day in okra field
21.13 PGR Awareness and Biodiversity Fairs 21.13.1 PGR Awareness Camp at ICAR-NBPGR, RS Shillong participated in North Eastern Zone Regional Agriculture Fair 2014-15 held at ICAR RC for NEHR, Umaim during January 9-10. A stall displaying live materials, seeds of NEH crop germplasm, posters Cabbage field day under CRP on agrobiodiversity at and photographs depicting the mandated, activities and ICAR-IARI, Regional Station, Katrain, achievements of ICAR-NBPGR was visited by many Himachal Pradesh farmers, researchers and entrepreneurs.
Field day on oat was organised at RS Shimla
21.12.4 Field day on Okra and Cucurbits: A germplasm field day on okra and cucurbits was held on The Founder Director of ICAR RC for NEHR discussing on various PGR issues August 19, 2015, in which 40 participants representing
GENERAL INFORMATION 163 21.13.2 PGR Awareness Camp/Biodiversity session discussion was held on how to shape a future for food and how indigenous people in NEH contribute Fair by ICAR-NBPGR RS Srinagar to resilient food system.
Exhibition stall of ICAR-NBPGR in ITM 2015
During the period under report one PGR Awareness Camp/Biodiversity Fair was organized by ICAR- NBPGR Regional Station, Srinagar under TSP at Sankoo Delegates from various countries visiting the indig- Kargil (Ladakh) on October 10, 2015 with the help of enous crops germplasm of NEH India Mountain Agricultural Research and Extension Station (MARES), SKUAST (K) Kargil. Sankoo is some 45 21.13.4 Exhibition in Agartala, Tripura: ICAR- kms from Kargil town in Suru valley. A total of 200 NBPGR, Shillong participated in 3 days National Seminar farmers including 25 women attended the camp. Syed on Sustaining Hill Agriculture in Changing Climate Abbas Rizvi, Councillor, Ladakh Hill Development (SHACC) during December 05-07, 2015. The exhibition Council, Sankoo area was the Chief Guest on the and displayed material was appreciated by visitors occasion. Sets of petty agricultural implements were including the Hon’ble Governor of Tripura, Sh Tathagat distributed among the farmers during the camp. Roy. 21.13.3 Indigenous Terra Madre - Shillong 2015: India’s first ‘Indigenous Terra Madre’ (Mother Earth) was organized at Shillong, Meghalaya during November 3-7 where indigenous tribes from 52 countries participated to share their knowledge about food, nutrition and bio-cultural diversity. ICAR-NBPGR in collaboration with Platform for Agro-biodiversity Research (PAR), attended the event and displayed the live materials and seeds of indigenous crop germplasm (rice, maize, citrus, ginger, turmeric, chilli, coix, buckwheat, and others) of NEH India to around 600 delegated from 140 tribes around the world. The role of ICAR-NBPGR in managing the indigenous plant genetic resources of NEH India was highlighted through Hon’ble Governor of Tripura Shri Tathagat Roy and the pamphlets, posters and photographs. During a thematic Director of ICAR RC for NEHR at the NBPGR Stall
164 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Dr Jitendra Chauhan, Scientific Distribution of seedlings of sweet Interaction with farmers at Adviser to the Hon’ble Minister of gourd and spine gourd at Maniyankinar Porathissery, Irinjalakuda Agriculture & Farmers Welfare, GOI tribal hamlet, Peechi
21.13.5 On-Farm Conservation activities: About Porathissery, Irinjalakkuda in Thrissur District. In 100 seedlings of sweet gourd (Momordica addition to a detailed audio-visual presentation, the cochinchinensis) and 50 of spine gourd (M. dioica) farmers had an hour-long interaction with of ICAR- were distributed by ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Thrissur to the NBPGR, RS, Thrissur scientists and 100 seedlings of tribal farmers of Maniyankinar tribal village, Panachery spine gourd (Momordica dioica) were distributed Panchayat in the Peechi Reserve Forest area of Thrissur among them. district. They were given adequate information regarding 21.13.7 Biodiversity fair and grassroot level PGR planting, cultural practices and nutritional aspects of these awareness programme: A biodiversity fair cum crops. grassroot level awareness programme on “Plant Genetic 21.13.6 Farmers meet: A farmers meet was organized Resources Conservation” was organized in association by the ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Thrissur in association with with ASHA an NGO for the tribal population under TSP Krishi Bhavan, Porathissery and Agricultural Technology on February 21 at Chintur, East Godavari District, Management Agency (ATMA), Thrissur on May 30 at Andhra Pradesh.
39th Foundation Day of ICAR-NBPGR Celebrated
ICAR-NBPGR celebrated its 39th Foundation Day on August 5, 2015. On this occasion, 3rd Harbhajan Singh Memorial Lecture was delivered by the Chief Guest, Professor Deepak Pental, Director, Centre for Genetic Manipulation of Crop Plants, Department of Genetics, South Campus, University of Delhi, Delhi entitled “Agriculture, Political Order and Germplasm”. Dr JS Chauhan, ADG (Seed), ICAR was the Guest of Honour. The dignitaries distributed various awards. A cultural programme was also organized by the students, staff and their children
Dignitaries on the dias Prof Deepak Pental delivering the Children of staff performing during lecture cultural programme
GENERAL INFORMATION 165 21.14 Participation of Staff in Seminars/ Symposia/ Conferences/ Workshops
Name Title of Seminar/ Symposium/ Conference/ Workshop Place and period Mool Chand Singh, Vandana Tyagi 7th Agricultural Summit Hotel Shangri La, New Delhi, January 15 Baleshwar Singh, Jameel Akhtar, National Symposium on Innovative New Delhi, January 17 Kavita Gupta, SC Dubey, Approaches of Plant Disease Management V Celia Chalam for Sustainable Development K Joseph John National Meet on Distant Hybridization in ICAR-IIHR, Bengaluru, Horticultural Crop Improvement Karnataka, January 22-23 Shashi Bhalla National Symposium on Agrochemicals for ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, Food and Environment Safety January 28-30 Shashi Bhalla Advances in Microbiology of Food, Bhabha Atomic Research Agriculture, Health and Environment Centre, Mumbai, February 3-5 V Celia Chalam National symposium on Challenges and Madurai, Tamil Nadu, Management Approaches for Crop Diseases February 12-14 of National Importance – Status and Prospects Rakesh Bharadwaj, Rashmi Yadav, National Seminar on Holistic Development GBPUAT, Pantnagar, Ruchi Bansal of Agroforestry: Potential and Policy Issues February 13-14 Vikender Kaur International Conference on Applied Sciences, JNU, New Delhi, Environmental Engineering and Energy February 14-15 Technology for Sustainable Development Nidhi Verma, SK Yadav, International Conference on Technological Central Institute of Horticulture, Yasin Jeshmina K Interventions in Agricultural Sciences for Nagaland February 17-19 Enhanced Productivity, Nutritional Quality and Value Addition (TIAS-2014) Vandana Tyagi National Conference on Perspectives about IIC Annexe, New Delhi, Emerging India with Special Focus on February 21 Climate Change Vikender Kaur National Seminar on Innovative Researches Rohtak, Haryana, February 21 in Life Sciences Sandeep Kumar International Congress on Role of Agri- JNU, New Delhi, February 21-22 Science, Forestry, Food Technology and Participatory Natural Resource Management for Mitigation of Climate Change MC Yadav 17th Indian Agricultural Scientists and Bioved Research Institute of Farmer’s Congress on Agri-Innovation for Agriculture and Technology, Enhancing Production and Rural Employment Allahabad, UP, February 21-22 Sandeep Kumar National Symposium on Integrated Pest ICAR-IARI, New Delhi Management for Sustainable Crop Protection February 24-25 TV Prasad Workshop on Training Needs Assessment ICAR-NAARM, Hyderabad, February 26 SK Yadav 2nd National Seminar on Hi-Tech Horticulture: Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Challenges and Opportunities(HITHCO-2015) University, Lucknow, February 26-27 Amit K Singh, DP Wankhede, National Symposium on Sustainable Monad University, UP, NSPanwar, Rakesh Bharadwaj, Agriculture Development through Biotechnical February 28- March 1 Rakesh Singh, Rashmi Yadav, Techniques and its Impact on Food Security, Sundeep Kumar Human Welfare and Climate Rashmi Yadav 9th DUS Review Meeting of Dus Test Centres JAU, Junagarh, March 9-10 Pratibha Brahmi Workshop on IPR Protection in Agricultural ICAR-IIPR, Kanpur, March 13 Research K Joseph John One-day Seminar on Biovision-2015: Plant St. Thomas College, Thrissur, Genetic Resources Conservation March 26
166 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Vikender Kaur National Conference on Biodiversity and Chhaju Ram Memorial Jat Sustainable Development College, Hisar, March 27 Ashok Kumar 58th Annual Maize Workshop PAU, Ludhiana, April 4-6 N Sivaraj J. Raghotham Reddy Centennial Memorial Professor Jayashankar Lecture On Indian Agriculture: Transforming Telangana State Agricultural a Nation University, Hyderabad, April 5 Shashi Bhalla Insect Science Congress PAU, Ludhiana, April 16-17 V Celia Chalam National Conference on Role of Credible New Delhi, April 22 Inspection and Certification System in Facilitating Export Trade K Joseph John 15th Annual Group Meeting of AICRP Tuber YSR Horticultural University, AP, Crops April 23-25 Anju Jain, Anuradha Agrawal, International Conference on Low Temperature NASC Complex, New Delhi, AK Singh, A Pattnaik, Chithra Pandey, Science in Plant Genetic Resources April 27-30 DP Semwal, DP Wankhede, Kavita Conservation Gupta, K Pradheep, KV Bhat, NB Das, Neelam Sharma, Rajesh Kumar, Rashmi Yadav, Rekha Chaudhury, RK Tyagi, Ruchi Bansal, Ruchira Pandey, Sandhya Gupta, SC Dubey, Shashi Bhalla, SK Malik, S Rajkumar, SS Marla, SS Mishra, Sundeep Kumar, Sunil Archak, TV Prasad, V Celia Chalam SR Pandravada National Conference on Reinvigorating GKV Society and PJTSAU, Agricultural Innovations for Farmers Hyderabad, May 3-4 Empowerment and Development (RAINFED-2015) Om Vir Singh Group Meet of Arid Legumes CAZRI, Jodhpur, May 4-6 Jyoti Kumari International Conference on Agriculture, Food JNU, New Delhi, May 9-10 Engineering and Environmental Sciences- Sustainable Approach N Sivaraj Meeting for Implementation of Bio-Diesel Rain Shadow Areas Programme in Andhra Pradesh Development Department, AP Secretariat, Hyderabad, May 13 SP Singh Export Inspection and Certification of Vegetable National Plant Quarantine and Fruits to European Union and Issues Station, Rangpuri, New Delhi, Related to Quarantine Information System May 16-17 KK Gangopadhyay XXXIII Annual Group meeting of AICRP on ICAR-IIVR, Varanasi, May 21-24 Vegetable Crops RS Rathi Annual kharif Group Meet on Pigeonpea and BAU, Ranchi, May 22-24 MULLARP Crops Sheikh M Sultan State Level Joint Meeting of ICAR Regional SKUAST (J), Jammu & Kashmir, Committee for Jammu & Kashmir June 3-7 SR Pandravada Awareness Programme on Biological Diversity GP Birla Centre, Act, 2002 and Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) Hyderabad, June 6 Mechanism TK Mondal 1st International Seminar on Agriculture and JNU, New Delhi, June 6-7 Horticultural Science MC Yadav 3nd Uttar Pradesh Agricultural Science Congress SHAITS, Allahabad, June14-16 S Roy Brainstorming Session on Scented Rice of Institute of Advanced Studies in NER of India Science and Technology, Assam, June 26 NK Gautam Annual Group Meet on Chickpea and Rabi PAU Ludhiana, July 30- August 2 Pulses
GENERAL INFORMATION 167 Anitha Kodaru Group Discussion on Digital and Sensor ICAR-IIOR, Hyderabad, July 31 Based Agriculture SK Malik International Symposium on Underutilized KVK, AC & RI, TNAU, Madurai, Plant Species-Exploration and Conservation August 5-8 for Future Generation Anitha Kodaru, K Rameash, Discussions on Status and Future Thrust of ICAR-IIOR, Hyderabad, August 6 Kamala Venkateswaran, N Sivaraj, Oilseeds Research SR Pandravada Amit K Singh, Archana P Raina, National Symposium on Germplasm to Genes: NASC Complex, New Delhi, DP Wankhede, J Aravind,Neeta Harnessing Biotechnology for Food Security August 9-11 Singh,Rajesh Kumar, Rakesh Singh, and Health Ruchi Bansal, S Gahoi, Sheel Yadav, SS Marla, Sonika Singh,SP Mishra, Sundeep Kumar M Latha, M Abdul Nizar Workshop on Garcinia CHES, ICAR-IIHR, Chettalli, Karnataka, August 20 Jyoti Kumari 54th All India Wheat and Barley Research SDAU, Dantiwada, Gujarat, Workers Meet August 21-24 SR Pandravada Expert Committee Meeting on Biodiversity Telangana State Biodiversity Heritage Sites Board, Hyderabad, August 22 RS Rathi 9th National Conference on KVKs ICAR-RCRE, Patna, July 25-26 BS Phogat, HL Raiger, Sheelamary, Rabi group meet of AICRN of Potential Crops BAU, Ranchi, September 19 TV Prasad Neelam Sharma,Veena Gupta Workshop on Conservation of Medicinal Plants Daulat Ram College, Delhi, by Micropropagation September 28- October 1 Ashok Kumar AICRN Workshop on Medicinal, Aromatic Plants ICAR-DMAPR, Anand, and Betel Vine September 28- October 1 Anju Jain, Jyoti Kumari 6th World Congress on Biotechnology New Delhi, October 5-7 SP Ahlawat Regional Consultation on Agroforestry: The NASC Complex, New Delhi, Way Forward October 8-10 Rakesh Bhardwaj, Rashmi Yadav 7th Indo-Global Summit and Expo on Food New Delhi, October 8-10 and Beverages V Celia Chalam XXIV National Conference on Transboundary Shillong, October 9-10 Viral Diseases under One Health: Perspective and Challenges (VIROCON 2015) A Pandey, Dinesh Chand, 25th Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society Hyderabad, October13-16 Mool Chand Singh Conference on Weed Science for Sustainable Agriculture, Environment and Biodiversity TK Mondal National Seminar on New Horizon in HIT, West Bengal, October 14-15 Biotechnology Rakesh Bhardwaj 11th International Food Data Conference NIN, Hyderabad, November 3-5 Ahlawat SP,SK Malik Second International Indigenous Terra Mae Shillong, Meghalaya, (ITM) November 3-7 Gayacharan, J Aravind, Sunil Archak Workshop on Genebank Operations and New Delhi, November 16-20 Advanced Learning (Goal) Workshop for a Food Secure World - A Crawford Fund and Global Crop Diversity Trust Master Class SP Ahlawat International Grassland Congress Hotel Leela Ambience, New Delhi, November 20-24 SP Singh Workshop on Multi-institutional Synergy AIIMS, New Delhi, November 23 Approach for Pesticide related Issues in India Rashmi Yadav DUS Workshop on India-Germany Bilateral New Delhi, November 23-24 Cooperation in Seed Sector N Sivaraj Strengthening of Access and Benefit Sharing ICAR-NAARM, Hyderabad, and Use of Biological Resources in Research November 24
168 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 and Development SK Malik International Workshop on Community Seed NASC Complex, New Delhi, Banks and Farmers’ Rights November 25-27 Om Vir Singh Group Meet of Rabi Legumes ICAR-IPR, Kanpur, November 26-28 SK Malik National Symposium on Sustainable Citrus ICAR-CICR, Nagpur, Production: Way Forward November 27-29 V Celia Chalam National Symposium on Climate Challenges: Hyderabad, December 2 Status and Management of Plant Diseases AK Misra, SK Singh National Seminaron Sustaining Hill Agriculture ICAR RC-NEHR,Tripura, in Changing Climate (SHACC) December 5-7 SC Dubey, V Celia Chalam Symposium on Challenges in Plant Virology: ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, Our Preparedness December 5 Vandana Tyagi National Seminar on Challenges in Plant CCS Meerut University, Meerut, Sciences: Now and Then December 8-10 Anitha Pedapati, Ruchi Bansal, 3rd International Plant Physiology Congress- JNU, New Delhi, Sunil Archak, TK Mondal Challenges and Strategies in Plant Biology December 11-14 Research Rakesh Bhardwaj National Conference on Global Research Gwalior, MP, December 12-13 Initiatives for Sustainable Agriculture and Allied Sciences SP Singh Competency Enhancement Programme for ICAR-NAARM, Hyderabad, Technical Officers of ICAR December 14-23 Anuradha Agrawal Workshop on In-Vitro Techniques to Technology Maitreyi College, Delhi, December 19
21.15 Publications 5. Anju S, M Latha, SR Yadav, KV Bhat and SR Rao (2015) Heterochromatin distribution and Publications comparative karyo-morphological studies in Vigna 21.15.1 Research papers umbellata Thunberg, 1969 and V. aconitifolia Jacquin, 1969 (Fabaceae) accessions. Comp. 1. Abdul Nizar M and RM Mulani (2015) Genetic Cytogen. 9: 119-132. diversity in indigenous and exotic linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) germplasm. Electron. J. P. 6. Arora S, NK Mogha, T Bhardwaj, V Sahu and Breeding 6: 848-854. SC Dubey (2015) A biorational approach for management of key plant pathogens. Indian J. 2. Aditya Pratap, Sanjeev Gupta, Nupur Malviya, Agri. Sci. 85: 759–763. Rakhi Tomar, Ramanuj Maurya, K Joseph John, Latha Madhavan and Narendra Pratap Singh 7. Babu Abraham, M Vanaja, P Raghu Ram Reddy, (2015) Genome scanning of Asiatic Vigna species N Sivaraj and SK Chakrabarty (2015) Cluster for discerning population genetic structure based analysis and maxent modelling of black gram on microsatellite variation. Mol. Breeding 35:178. [Vigna mungo (L.)Hepper] genotypes from Andhra Pradesh, India. Vegetos 28:119-126. 3. Akhtar J, B Singh, A Kandan, D Chand and PC Agarwal (2015) Detection of Gibberella zeae 8. Bairwa RK, M Singh, RK Bhoge, C Devi and GJ (Schw.) Petech. on rice seed from Pantnagar, Randhawa (2015) Monitoring adventitious Uttarakhand, India. Indian J. Pl. Prot. 43: 126- presence of transgenes in ex situ okra 127. (Abelmoschus esculentus) collections conserved in genebank: A case study. Genet. Resour. Crop 4. Anand Prakash, V Nandagopal, TV Prasad and Evol. DOI 10.1007/s10722-015-0350-3. Jagadiswari Rao (2015) Pheromones for the management of insect pests of stored products: A 9. Bajaj D, S Das, S Badoni, V Kumar, M Singh, Review. J. Appl. Zool. Res. 25: 1-24. KC Bansal, AK Tyagi and SK Parida (2015) Genome wide high throughput SNP discovery and
GENERAL INFORMATION 169 genotyping for understanding natural (functional) 19. Choudhary R, R Chaudhury and SK Malik (2015) allelic diversity and domestication pattern in wild Development of an efficient regeneration and chickpea. Nature Scientific Reports 5:12468 rapid clonal multiplication protocol for three DOI: 10.1038/srep12468. different Morus species using dormant buds as explants. J. Horic. Sci. Biotech. 90: 245-253. 10. Bansal R (2015) Effect of temperature on seed germination behaviour in asalio (Lepidium sativum 20. Choudhary R, R Chaudhury, SK Malik and KC Linn.) and safed musli (Chlorophytum Sharma (2015) An efficient regeneration and rapid borivilianum). New Agriculturist 26: 1-7. micropropagation protocol for almond using dormant axillary buds as explants. Indian J. Exptl. 11. Bansal R and JP Srivasatva (2015) Antioxidant Biol. 53: 462-467. defences to short term water logging in pigeonpea. Indian J. Pl. Physiol. 20: 182-185. 21. Choudhary R, SK Malik, R Chaudhury, D Pal, P Patil and KC Sharma (2015) Scanning electron 12. Bansal R and JP Srivastava (2015) Effect of microscopic study on freezing behavior of tissue waterlogging on photosynthetic and biochemical cells in dormant bud of mulberry. Bangladesh J. parameters in pigeonpea. Russian J. Pl. Physiol. Bot. 44: 383-387. 62: 322-32. 22. Das A, M Mukhopadhyay, B Sarkar, D Saha and 13. Bansal R, J Kumari, R Bhardwaj and S Kumar TK Mondal (2015) Influence of drought stress on (2015) Wheat Biofortification: Progress and cellular ultrastructure and antioxidant system in Challenges. Wheat Inf. Serv. 120: 35-39. tea cultivars with different drought sensitivities. 14. Bhardwaj J, MK Seth, J Akhtar and D Chand J. Environ. Biol. 36:875-882. (2015) Antifungal efficacy of essential oils against 23. Das A, S Chaudhury, MC Kalita and TK Mondal common bean anthracnose caused by (2015) Computational identification, target Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Intl. J. Sci. Res. prediction and validation of conserved miRNAs Review 3: 22-29. in Insulin plant (Costus pictus D. Don). Appl. 15. Bhoge RK, R Chhabra, GJ Randhawa, M Biochem. Biotechnol. 15: 1-14. Sathiyabama and M Singh (2015) Event-specific 24. Das A, S Chaudhury, MC Kalita and TK Mondal analytical methods for six genetically modified (2015) In silico identification, characterization and maize events using visual and real-time loop- expression analysis of miRNAs in Cannabis mediated isothermal amplification. Food Control sativa L. Pl. Gene 2:17-24. 55: 18-30. 25. Das Shouvik, M Singh, R Srivastava, D Bajaj, 16. Brahmi P and Vandana Tyagi (2015) Recent Maneesha S Saxena, JC Rana, KC Bansal, AK development for access to plant genetic resources Tyagi and SK Parida (2015) mQTL-seq delineates in India and their implications. Indian J. Pl. Genet. functionally relevant candidate gene harboring a Resour. 28: 237-246. major QTL regulating pod number in chickpea. 17. Chaduvula PK, B Jyotika, A Rai, K Gaikwad, SS DNA Res. doi: 10.1093/dnares/dsv036 Marla, Elangowan and S Kumar (2015) In silico 26. Dikshit N and N Sivaraj (2015) Analysis of agro- sequence tag analysis in identification and morphological diversity and oil content in Indian expression of salinity stress responsible genes in linseed germplasm. Grasas Y Aceites 66(1). Sorghum bicolor. Australian J. Crop Sci. 9: 799- January–March e060. ISSN-L: 0017–3495 doi: 806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0689141 18. Chauhan SS, SK Jha, GK Jha, DK Sharma, T 27. Dikshit N, N Sivaraj, MA Nizar and Dinesh Chand Satyavathi and Jyoti Kumari (2015) Germplasm (2015) In-situ diversity in bottle gourd (Lagenaria screening of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) siceraria (Mol.) Stand.) germplasm and crop for popping characteristics. Indian J. Agril. Sci. modelling predictions. Int. J. Agril. Stat. Sci. 11: 85: 344–348. 17-24.
170 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 28. Dubey SC, V Singh, K Priyanka, BK Upadhyay, for genetic purity testing of brinjal hybrid Pusa B Singh (2015) Combined application of fungal Hybrid 5. Res. J. Agril. Sci. 26: 78-81. and bacterial bio-agents, together with fungicide 39. Joseph John K, YC Roy, MV Krishnaraj, VAM and Mesorhizobium for integrated management Nissar, M Latha and KV Bhat (2015) Ecological of Fusarium wilt of chickpea. Bio Control 60: and morphological characterization of two rare and 413–424. endemic wild edible Cucumis species 29. Ganeshamoorthi P and SC Dubey (2015) (Cucurbitaceae) of Western Ghats of India. Morphological and pathogenic variability of R. Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. DOI 10.1007/s10722- solani isolates associated with wet root rot of 015-0340-5: 01-10. chickpea in India. Legume Res. 38: 389-395. 40. Kak A, S Agarwal, C Pandey and V Gupta (2015) 30. Ganie SA, KA Molla and TK Mondal (2015) Responses to seed dormancy breaking treatments Microsatellite repeats proximal to pre-miRNA are in wild Hibiscus species. Vegetos. 28:143-147. more conserved than the distal repeats among the 41. Kalidasu G, S Suryakumari, C Sarada, A Rajani, salinity responsive miRNA genes of rice (Oryza N Hariprasada Rao, SR Pandravada, and L Naram sativa). Intl. J. Trop. Agril. 23: 1405-1409. Naidu (2015) Exploiting genetic divergence for 31. Ganie SA, N Dey and TK Mondal (2015) crop improvement in coriander (Coriandrum Differential promoter methylation of salt tolerant sativum L.): A neglected and underutilized crop. and susceptible rice genotypes under salinity stress. Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 222-228. Funct. Integrat. Genomics. 9: 1-11. 42. Kandan A, J Akhtar, B Singh, D Dixit, D Chand, 32. Gayacharan, IS Bisht, A Pandey, MC Yadav and A Roy, S Rajkumar and PC Agarwal (2015) and JC Rana (2015) Population structure of upland Molecular diversity of Bipolaris oryzae infecting red rice (Oryza sativa L.) landraces from North- Oryza sativa in India. Phytoparasitica 43: 5- western Indian Himalayas. Indian J. Biotechnol. 14. 14: 42-48. 43. Khetan S, N Singh, A Kaur and JC Rana (2015) 33. Gore PG, MK Rana, K Tripathi, M Singh, IS Bisht Structural and functional characterization of and S Bhalla (2015) Genetic diversity in wild Lens kidney bean and field pea protein isolates: A spp. using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR comparative study. Food Hydrocolloids 43: 679– marker). Legume Res. 38: 575-578. 689. 34. Gupta Sandhya and JC Rana (2015) 44. Kole PR, KV Bhat, R Chaudhury and SK Malik Cryopreservation of apple (Malus spp.) winter (2015) Genetic variation among Jatropha curcas buds. Indian J. Hort. 72: 553-555. L. using dominant molecular marker collected from different agro-climatic regions of India. 35. Jacob SR, V Tyagi, A Agrawal, SK Chakrabarty Indian J. Genet. Pl. Breed. 75: 267-270. and RK Tyagi (2015) Indian plant germplasm on the global platter: An analysis. PLoS ONE 45. Kole PR, KV Bhat, R Chaudhury, SK Malik and DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0126634, 1-15. GR Rao (2015) Genetic diversity analysis in wild species of Pongamia pinnata (L.) using RAPD 36. Jalender P, BN Bhat, K Vijayalakshmi, Y Prasanthi and SRAP markers. J. Adv. Biotechnol. 4: 442- and K Anitha (2015) Screening of tomato 452. germplasm and cultivars against cucumber mosaic virus. Indian J. Pl. Prot. 43: 222-226. 46. Kumar A, J Kumari, JC Rana, DP Chaudhary, R Kumar, H Singh, TP Singh and M Dutta (2015) 37. Jalender P, K Anitha, Y Prasanthi and N Bharati Diversity among maize landraces in north west Bhat (2015) Effect of cucumber mosaic virus Himalayan region of India assessed by agro- (CMV) on yield and yield attributes of tomato. morphological and quality traits. Indian J. Genet. Res. J. Agril. Sci. 6: 443-446. Pl. Breed. 75: 188-195. 38. Jha N, SR Jacob, SK Jain and MB 47. Kumar S and MK Dhillon (2015) Lipophilic Arun Kumar (2015) Application of SSR markers metabolite profiling of maize and sorghum seeds
GENERAL INFORMATION 171 and seedlings, and their pest spotted stem borer 56. Lenkala P, K Radha Rani, N Sivaraj, K Ravinder larvae: A standardized GC-MS based approach. Reddy and M Jayaprada (2015) Assessment of Indian J. Exptl. Biol. 53: 170-176. jack bean genotypes for seed characters and nutritional quality. Ann. Pl. Soil Res. 17: 395- 48. Kumar S, J Kumari, R Bansal, BR Kuri, AK Singh, 398. DP Wankhede, J Akhtar and Z Khan (2015) Slow rusting-an effective way to achieve durable 57. Lenkala P, R Radha Rani, N Sivaraj, K Ravinder resistance against leaf rust in wheat. Wheat Reddy and M Jaya Prada (2015) Morphological Information Service. 120: 26-34. characterization of jackbean – An under exploited vegetable. Ann. Pl. Soil Res. 17: 183-186. 49. Kumar S, MS Roder, SB Tripathi, S Kumar, R Chand, AK Joshi and U Kumar (2015) 58. Mahra GS, P Kumar, C Solanki, DS Tomar, SK Mendelization and fine mapping of a bread wheat Kaushik, R Tewari and VKJ Rao (2015) spot blotch disease resistance QTL Mol. Breed. Identifying grass root problems and generating 35: 218. DOI 10.1007/s11032-015-0411-5 sustainable solutions through participatory rural appraisal. Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. (Special Issue) 50. Kumari Jyoti, HK Dikshit, B Singh and D Singh 15: 198-208. (2015) Combining ability and character association of agronomic and biochemical traits in pea (Pisum 59. Malav PK, R Singh, A Pandey and KC Bhatt sativum L.). Scientia Horticulturae. 181: 26-33. (2015) Molecular diversity study within holy basil species (Ocimum tenuiflorum L.) using ISSR and 51. Kumari Jyoti, HK Dikshit, Dayachand, M Aski RAPD markers. Indian J. Hort. 72: 528-534. and Anju M Singh (2015) Relationship between protein content, seed size and days to flowering in 60. Malav P, A Pandey, KC Bhatt, S Gopala Krishnan lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Intl. J. Adv. Res. andIS Bisht (2015) Morphological variability in Biol. Sci. 2: 114-117. holy basil (Ocimumtenuiflorum L.) from India. Genet. Resour and Crop Evol. 62: 1245-1256. 52. Kumari Jyoti, SS Chauhan, SK Jha, S Pandey, CT Satyavathi and M Dutta (2015) Identification of 61. Malik SK, R Chaudhury and IP Singh (2015) pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) Management of citrus genetic resources in India: germplasm with unique popping quality in the approaches, applications and achievements. Acta national genebank collections of India. Indian J. Hort. 1101: 39-46. Genet. Pl. Breed. 75: 128-131. 62. Mandal AK, SC Dubey and A Tripathi (2015) Bio- 53. Kumari Jyoti, BS Phogat, TP Singh, SKumar, V agent based integrated management strategy Kaur, S Kumar, Ruchi Bansal and YS Rathi (2015) against stem rot for chickpea. Indian Phytopath. Correlated response of component traits towards 68: 402-409. grain yield in cultivated wheat germplasm under 63. Mandal S, S Roy, A Das, GI Ramkrushna, R Lal, late sown condition. J. Agroecol. Nat. Resour. BC Verma, A Kumar, RK Singh and J Layek Manag. 2: 110-112. (2015) Energy efficiency and economics of rice 54. Kuttubuddin M, AB Debnath, SA Ganie and TK cultivation systems under subtropical eastern Mondal(2015) Identification and analysis of novel Himalaya. Energy Sustain. Dev. 18: 115-121. salt responsive candidate gene based SSRs 64. Mhatre PH, Pankaj, SK Malik, S Kaur, AK Singh, (cgSSRs) from rice (Oryza sativa L.). BMC Pl. S Mohan and A Sirohi (2015) Histopathological Biol. 15: 122. changes and evaluation of resistance in Asian rice 55. Lenkala P, K Radha Rani, N Sivaraj, K Ravinder (Oryza sativa) against root knot nematode, Reddy and M Jaya Prada (2015) Genetic Meloidogyne graminicola Golden & Birch. variability and character association studies in Jack Indian J. Genet. Pl. Breed. 75: 41-48. bean (Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.) for yield 65. Misra RC and G Das (2015) Ocimum and yield contributing traits. Electronic J. Pl. kilimandscaricum Guerke (Lamiaceae): A new Breed. 6: 625-629. distributional record for peninsular India with focus
172 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 on its economic potential. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 75. Om Vir Singh and AK Singh (2015) Inter- doi: 10.1007/s40011-015-0526-9. characters association in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] germplasm in hot arid 66. Mondal TK, SA Ganie and AB Debnath (2015) climate. Asian J. Bio. Sci. 10: 143-147. Identification of novel and conserved miRNAs from extreme halophyte, Oryza coarctata, a wild 76. Pandey A, KS Negi, K Pradheep and MC Singh relative of rice. PLoS One10: e0140675. (2015) Note on occurrence of fragrant false garlic doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0140675 (Nothoscordum gracile (Aiton) Stearn) in India. Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 351-355. 67. Mukhopadhyay M and TK Mondal(2015) Effect of zinc and boron on growth and water relations 77. Pandey CD, A Kak, S Pandey and V Gupta of Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze cv. T-78. (2015) Trait-specific amaranth germplasm- Nat. Acad. Sci. Letters 38: 283-286. potentialities to combat climate change. Indian 68. Mukhopadhyay M, TK Mondal and PK Chand J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 321-328. (2015) Biotechnological advances in tea (Camellia 78. Pandravada SR, MT Reddy, N Sivaraj, R Jairam, sinensis[L.] O. Kuntze): a review. Pl. Cell Rep. N Sunil, SK Chakrabarty and IS Bisht (2015) DOI 10.1007/s00299-015-1884-8 Preliminary characterization and evaluation of on- 69. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015) Analysis of genetic farm conserved okra germplasm from tribal variability and co-relation among traits in exotic pockets of Telangana. Ann. Pl. Soil Res. 17: 342- germplasm of pearl millet (Pennisetum glacum 345. (L).R.Br.) germplasm in hot-arid climate. Indian 79. Pandravada, SR, N Sivaraj, R Jairam, N Sunil, J. Agril. Res. 50: 76-79. SK Chakrabarty, R Eshwar Charan, P Ramesh, 70. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015) Assessment of G and IS Bisht (2015) Agri-biodiversity maintained X E interaction in pearl millet (Pennisetum on-farm by ethnic groups in Peninsular India: glacum (L).R.Br.) germplasm in hot-arid climate. Legacy of landrace sustainability in cereals and Indian J. Agril. Res. 50: 92-95. millets. Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 335- 344. 71. Om Vir and Singh AK (2015) Estimation of G X E interactions in exotic germplasm of pearl millet 80. Parimalan R, R Bhoge, GJ Randhawa and CD (Pennisetum glaucum L.). Adv. Res. J. Crop Pandey (2015) Assessment of transgene flow in Improv. 6: 119-123. eggplant germplasm conserved at national genebank. Indian J. Biotechnol. 14: 357-363. 72. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015) Moth bean [Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal] germplasm: 81. Patil P, SK Malik, S Sutar, S Yadav, J John and Evaluation for genetic variability and inter KV Bhat (2015) Taxonomic importance of seed characters relationship in hot arid climate of macro-and micro-morphology in Abelmoschus western Rajasthan, India. Legume Res. 38: 748- (Malvaceae). Nordic J. Bot. 33: 696–707. 752. 82. Pradhan SK, SR Barik, J Sahoo, E Pandit, DK 73. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015) Variability and Nayak, DR Pani and A Anandan (2015) correlation analysis in the germplasm of cluster Comparison of Sub1 markers and their bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] in combinations for submergence tolerance and hyper hot arid climate of Western India. Legume analysis of adaptation strategies of rice in rainfed Res. 38: 37- 42. lowland ecology. Comptes Rendus Biologies (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2015.06.010, 28 74. Om Vir and AK Singh (2015). Analysis of August 2015). morphological characters and inter-relationship in the germplasm of mung bean (Vigna radiate L. 83. Pradheep K, DR Pani and KC Bhatt (2015) Wilezek)in the hot arid climate. Legume Res. 39: Taxonomic notes on the Trichosanthes 14-19. cucumerina group (Cucurbitaceae) from India. Novon. 24: 39-45.
GENERAL INFORMATION 173 84. Pradheep K, KC Bhatt and ER Nayar (2015) 94. Rameash K, N Sivaraj, B Sarath Babu, and SK Problems in collection and conservation of some Chakrabarty (2015) Screening brinjal genotypes crop wild relatives in India: An analysis. Intl. J. for resistance to shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes Bio. Sci. and Eng. 6: 73-77. orbonalis and analysing the geographical divergence of resistance through DIVA-GIS. The 85. Pradheep K, RS Rathi, Soyimchiten and ER Nayar Bioscan 10: 923-928. (2015) “Meetha patta” (Plukenetia corniculata Sm.): a new report of leafy vegetable crop from 95. Rana JC, RK Chahota, V Sharma, M Rana, N north-eastern region of India. Genet. Resour. Verma, B Verma and TR Sharma (2015) Genetic Crop Evol. 62: 1113-1120. diversity and structure of Pyrus accessions of 86. Priyanka K, SC Dubey and AK Singh (2015) Indian Himalayan region based on morphological Conventional and real-time PCR assays for and SSR markers. Tree Genetics and Genomes. speciûc detection and quantiucation of Fusarium DOI 10.1007/s11295-014-0821-2. oxysporum f. sp. ciceris in plants using intergenic 96. Rana JC, TR Sharma, RK Tyagi, RK Chahota, spacer region-based marker. Biologia 70: 314- NK Gautam, M Singh, PN Sharma and SN Ojha 319. (2015) Characterization of 4274 accessions of 87. Radhamani J, Z Khan, S Sahai and RK Tyagi common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (2015) Nutritional quality analyses of traditional germplasm conserved in the Indian gene bank for varieties of rice (Oryza sativa) collected from phenological, morphological and agricultural traits. tribal areas in eastern India. Indian J. Agril. Sci. Euphytica. 205: 441-457. 85: 266-269. 97. Randhawa GJ, R Chhabra, RK Bhoge and M 88. Rai H, DVS Raju, MB Arun Kumar, T Janakiram, Singh (2015) Visual and real-time event-specific Namita, Gopala Krishnan and JC Rana (2015) loop-mediated isothermal amplification based Characterization and analysis of genetic diversity detection assays for Bt cotton events MON531 among different species of rose (Rosa species) and MON15985. J. AOAC Intl. 98: 1207-1214. using morphological and molecular markers. Indian J. Agril. Sci. 85: 240-245. 98. Rathi RS, S Roy, PS Mehta, AK Mishra, KS Negi and A Rayal (2015) Traditional uses of medicinal 89. Raina AP and KS Negi (2015) Essential oil plants of Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri district of composition of Hedychium spicatum Buch.-Ham. West Bengal India. The Indian Forester. 141: ex Smith. from Uttarakhand, India. J. Essential 461-468. Oil Bearing Pl. 18: 382-388. 99. Rathnam K, A Shankar and N Sivaraj (2015) 90. Raina AP and KS Negi (2015) Essential oil Salinity Effects on Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa composition of Valeriana jatamansi Jones from L.). Intl. Res. J. Manag. Sci. Tech. 6: 2348- central and eastern Himalayas of India. Indian 9367. J. Pharmaceutical Sci. 77: 218-222. 100. Reddy MT, H Begum, N Sunil, SR Pandravada, 91. Raina P Archana and V Gupta (2015) Evaluation and N Sivaraj (2015) Assessing climate suitability of buckwheat (Fagopyrum species) germplasm for sustainable vegetable Roselle (Hibiscus for rutin content in seeds. Indian J. Pl. Physiol. sabdariffa var. sabdariffa L.) cultivation in India 20: 167-171. using MaxEnt model. Agril. Biol. Sci. J. 1: 62- 92. Raina AP, Z Abraham and N Sivaraj (2015) 70. Diversity analysis of Kaempferia galanga L. germplasm from south India using DIVA-GIS 101. Reddy MT, H Begum, N Sunil, SR Pandravada, approach. Industrial Crops Prod. 69: 433-439. N Sivaraj and K Shashi (2015) Predicting potential habitat distribution of sorrel (Rumex vesicarius 93. Ram C, M Verma, L Arya and BS Panwar (2015) L.) in India from presence-only data using Molecular cloning and in silico analyses of DREB Maximum Entropy model. Open Access Library gene in watermelon. Indian J. Horticul. 72: 338- J. 2: 1590. 342.
174 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 102. Reddy MT, H Begum, NH Rao, N Sunil, SR 111. Singh M, K Kumar, IS Bisht, M Dutta, MK Rana, Pandravada, and N Sivaraj (2015) Genetic JC Rana, KC Bansal and A Sarker (2015) diversity and variability in landraces for key agro- Exploitation of wild annual Cicer species for economic traits in vegetable Roselle (Hibiscus widening the gene pool of chickpea cultivars. P. sabdariffa var. sabdariffa L.). Jordan J. Biol. Breeding, 134: 186-192 Sci. 8: 113- 125. 112. Singh MC and CV Sairam (2015) Evaluation of 103. Reddy MT, H Begum, N Sunil, SR Pandravada, integrated weed management practices in rainfed N Sivaraj, and S Kumar (2015) Mapping the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at farmers’ fields. climate suitability using MaxEnt modelling Intl. J. Tropical Agril. 33: 51-53. approach for Ceylon spinach (Basella alba L.) 113. Singh R, DP Semwal and KC Bhatt (2015) cultivation in India. The J. Agril. Sci. 10: 87-97. Characterization and evaluation of Asian mustard 104. Roy S, AB Banerjee, B Mawkhlieng, AK Misra, (Brassica tournefortii Gouan.) germplasm - An A Pattanayak, GD Harish, SK Singh, SV Ngachan endangered oilseed crop of North-western India. and KC Bansal (2015) Genetic diversity and Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. 28: 278-281 population structure in aromatic and quality rice 114. Singh S, S Bhalla, K Srinivasan, TV Prasad, RS (Oryza sativa L.) landraces from North-eastern Pramod and J Dwivedi (2015) Susceptibility of India. PLOS One. e129607 (1-13). Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: 105. Sharma S, N Singh, AS Virdi and JC Rana (2015) Bruchidae) infesting chickpea to low energy Quality traits analysis and protein profiling of field electrons. Indian J. Agril. Sci. 85: 387-391. pea (Pisum sativum) germplasm from Himalayan 115. Singh, MC and CV Sairam (2015) Evaluation of region. Food Chemistry. 172: 528-536. integrated weed management practices in rainfed 106. Sharma V, M Rana, M Katoch, PK Sharma, M cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) at farmers’ fields. Ghani, JC Rana, TR Sharma and RK Chahota Intl. J. Trop. Agril. 33: 51-53. (2015) Development of SSR and ILP markers in 116. Soyimchiten, K Pradheep, K Joseph John and E horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), their Roshini Nayar (2015) An occurrence of Indo- characterization, cross-transferability and Chinese taxon Momordica subangulata Blume relevance for mapping. Mol. Breeding. DOI subsp. subangulata (Cucurbitaceae) in Nagaland: 10.1007/s11032-015-0297-2. A new distribution record from India. J. 107. Sharma V, TR Sharma, JC Rana and RK Chahota Threatened Taxa 7: 8182-8184. (2015) Analysis of genetic diversity and population 117. Sultan SM, N Dikshit and N Sivaraj (2015) structure in horsegram (Macrotyloma uniflorum) Diversity, distribution and conservation of saffron using RAPD and ISSR Markers. Agri. Res. DOI thistle (Carthamus lanatus L.) in mid-high 10.01007/s40003-015-0165-7. altitude temperate zone of Kashmir valley, India: 108. Singh B, J Akhtar, Usha Dev, A Kandan, D Chand, A DIVA-GIS study. Trop. Ecol. 56: 303-310. J Kumar and PC Agarwal (2015) Interception of 118. Sultan SM, N Dikshit and UJ Vaidya (2015) Oil pathogens associated with imported plant genetic content and fatty acid composition of soybean resources in India. Indian J. Pl. Prot. 43: 68-74. (Glycine max L.) genotypes evaluated under 109. Singh B, J Akhtar, Usha Dev, A Kandan, D Chand, rainfed conditions of Kashmir Himalayas in India. J Kumar, and PC Agarwal (2015) Interception of J. Appl. Nat. Sci. 7: 910-915. pathogens associated with imported plant genetic 119. Tanner R, C Ellison, MC Singh (2015). Puccinia resources in India. Indian J. Pl. Prot. 43: 68-74. komarovii var. glanduliferae: a potential agent for the biological control of Himalyan balsam 110. Singh M, GJ Randhawa, P Sood and RK Bhoge (Impatiens glandulifera). European J. Pl. (2015) Loop-mediated isothermal amplification Pathol. 141: 247-266. targeting insect resistant and herbicide tolerant transgenes: Monitoring for GM contamination in 120. Tewari K, HK Dikshit, JKumari, N Jain, D Singh supply chain. Food Control. 51: 283-292. and A Singh (2015) Estimation of genetic
GENERAL INFORMATION 175 relatedness among cultivated and wild lens based and stomatal behaviour of peach in central on morphological and molecular markers. P. Gene Himalayan region. J. Environ. Biol. 36: 669-675. and Trait. 6: 1-8. 129. Trivedi AK, SK Verma, RR Arya and RK Tyagi 121. Tiwari KK, A Singh, S Pattnaik, M Sandhu, S Kaur, (2015) Variability in morpho-physiological traits S Jain, S Tiwari, S Mehrotra, M Anumalla, R and antioxidant potential of kiwifruit (Actinidia Samal, J Bhardwaj, N Dubey, V Sahu, GA chinensis Planch) in central Himalayan region. Kharshing, PK Zeliang, K Sreenivasan, P Kumar, J. Environ. Biol. 36: 1051-1056. SK Parida, SVA Mithra, V Rai, W Tyagi, PK 130. Trivedi, AK, SK Verma, RR Arya and RK Tyagi Agrawal, AR Rao, A Pattanayak, G Chandel, AK (2015) Genetic diversity, antioxidant potential and Singh, IS Bisht, KV Bhat, GJN Rao, JP Khurana, stomatal behaviour of Peach [Prunus persica (L.) NK Singh and T Mohapatra (2015) Identification Batsch] in Central Himalayan Region. J. Environ. of a diverse mini core panel of Indian rice Biol. 36: e669 - e675 germplasm based on genotyping using microsatellite markers. Pl. Breed. 134: 164-171. 131. Tyagi R, V Sharma, AK Sureja, AD Munshi, L Arya and M Verma (2015) Deciphering population 122. Tiwari S, MC Yadav, N Dikshit and DR Pani structure and diversity in Luffa cylindrica (L.) (2015) Universal rice primer based molecular M. Roemusing morphological and SRAP markers. characterization reveals high level of genetic Pl. Genet. Resour. Charact. Utilizat. 1-4 variation in crop-wild relatives of rice. New doi:10.1017/S1479262115000258. Agriculturist 26: 319-328. 132. Tyagi R, V Sharma, AK Sureja, Arya L and Verma 123. Tripathi, A and SC Dubey (2015) Sequence-related M (2015) Construction of enriched genomic library amplified polymorphism-PCR analysis for genetic for development of microsatellite markers in Luffa diversity in Rhizoctonia solani populations cylindrica. Gene Conservation 14: 30-41 infecting pulse crops in different agro-ecological regions of India. Pl. Pathol. J. 14: 234-241. 133. Tyagi RK and A Agrawal (2015) Revised genebank standards for management of plant 124. Tripathi K, SK Chauhan, Padmavati G Gore, TV genetic resources. Indian J. Agril. Sci. 85: 157– Prasad, K Srinivasan and S Bhalla (2015) 165. Screening of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp.] accessions against pulse beetle C. 134. Udaya Sankar A, K Anitha, N Sivaraj, KVS chinensis (L.) Legume Res. 38: 675-680 Meena Kumari, N Sunil and S K Chakrabarty (2015) Screening of horse gram germplasm 125. Trivedi AK (2015) Boron: An essential element collected from Andhra Pradesh against needs attention. Academic Res. J. Agril. Sci. Res. anthracnose. Legume Res. Online ISSN: 0976- 3:161-168. 0571. 126. Trivedi AK, L Arya, M Verma, SK Verma, RK 135. Upadhyay BK, SC Dubey, R Singh and A Tripathi Tyagi and A Hemantarajan (2015) Genetic (2015) Diversity analysis and comparison of ITS variability in proso millet (Panicum miliaceum) and SCAR based molecular markers to detect germplasm of central Himalayan region based on Rhizoctonia solani using conventional and real- morpho-physiological traits and molecular time PCR. J. Pure Appl. Microbiol. 9: 1281- markers. Acta Physiol. Pl. 37: 23. DOI:10.1007/ 1293. s11738-014-1770-y. 136. Vanaja M, GR Maruthi Shankar, N Jyothi Lakshmi, 127. Trivedi AK, SK Verma and RK Tyagi (2015) M Maheswari, SK Yadav, P Vagheera, SK Abdul Variability in morpho-physiological traits and Razak, B Abraham, G Vijaya Kumar and B antioxidant potential of Rubus species in central Venkateswarlu (2015) Genotypic variation for Himalayan Region. Industrial Crops Prod. growth and yield response at two Elevated levels doi:10.1016/j.indcrop. 2015.12.022. of CO2 and three seasons in blackgram (Vigna 128. Trivedi AK, SK Verma, RR Arya and RK Tyagi mungo). Indian J. Agril. Sci. 85: 321-330. (2015) Genetic diversity in antioxidant potential
176 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 137. Verma N, SS Ranga, JK Yasin, S Kumar and AK 21.15.3 Chapters in books, Review Articles, Singh (2015) Chickpea genetic resources to Proceedings, Bulletin, Manuals etc. enhance production in changing climatic scenario. 1. Agrawal RC, P Brahmi and RK Mishra (2015) Legume Res. 38: 710-713. Country status report in the final report of the project 138. Vijay MK, S Pandey and CD Pandey (2015) enhancing understanding and implementation of the Impact of drying methods, moisture content and International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for aging on seed protein profile of sorghum [Sorghum food and agriculture in Asia, FAO Publication, pp bicolor (L.) Moench]. Ann. Biol. 31: 215-219. 66-74. 139. Vijay MK, S Pandey, CD Pandey and J Yasin 2. Bansal R, J Kumari, V Kaur and VP Singh (2015) (2015) Impact of drying methods on the seed quality High throughput phenotyping for abiotic stress of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench). tolerance. In:Hemantaranjan A (ed.) Advances African J. Agril. Res. 10: 1898-1903. in Plant Physiology. 16th Edition, Scientific Publishers, pp 21-38. 140. Yadav R, R Singh, S Kumar, TV Prasad, R Bharadwaj, V Kaur, A Pedapati and A Kumar 3. Chaudhury R and SK Malik (2015) (2015) Genetic diversity among indigenous Cryopreservation of germplasm with special germplasm of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) reference to non-orthodox seeds, comprising using agro-morphological and phenological traits. intermediate and recalcitrant species. In: Jacob Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. SR, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Radhamani, DOI 10.1007/s40011-015-0689-4. A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, J Aravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (eds.) Management of Plant 141. Yasin JK (2015) Intra cellular pH flux and cyclosis Genetic Resources. ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, in plant cells under abiotic stress. J. Agril. Search India, pp 205-210. 2: 150-151 4. Chaudhury R and SK Malik (2015) 142. Yasin JK and KM Seema (2015) Role of Micropropagation in temperate fruits and nuts. In: rabgtpases and its interacting molecules in stress Proc. National Conference on Temperate Fruits tolerance. Intl. J. Sci. Res. 4: 1228-1232. and Nuts: A Way Forward for Enhancing 143. Yasin JK, RChoudhary, HTyagi and AK Singh Productivity and Quality. ICAR-CITH, Srinagar, (2015) Apomixis: The molecular perspectives and J&K, pp 301-306. its utilization in crop breeding. J. Agril. Search. 5. Dikshit N, G Katna, CS Mohanty, AB Das and N 2: 153-161. Sivaraj (2014) Horsegram. In: M. Singh et al. 21.15.2 Authored /edited book (eds.), Broadening the Genetic Base of Grain Legumes. Springer-Verlag, Germany, pp 209-215. 1. Bansal KC, S Archak, DP Semwal, S Pandey and BS Phogat (2015) Utilization of ex-situ collections 6. Dutta M, BS Phogat, S Kumar, N Kumar, J and climate analogues for enhancing adaptive Kumari, AC Pandey, TP Singh, RK Tyagi, SR capacity to climate change, ICAR-NBPGR, New Jacob, K Srinivasan, G Kumari, T Aftab, YS Rathi, Delhi, 96 p. AK Singh, S Archak, KV Bhat, DC Bhandari, Y PS Solanki, D Singh and KC Bansal (2015) 2. Kaur Vikender, S Singh and CL Goswami (2015) Development of core set of wheat (Triticum spp.) Interactive effects of heat and drought on wheat germplasm conserved in National Genebank in in semiarid tropics. Lambert Academic Publishing, India. In: OgiharaY, S Takumi and H Handa (eds.) Germany. ISBN 978-3-659-36994-0, 120 p. Advances in Wheat Genetics: From Genome to 3. Nandagopal V and TV Prasad (2015) Pheromones Field, Part II, Springer, Japan. pp 33-45. use in field and storage. Satish Serial Publishing 7. Gupta V (2015) Seed macro-morphology – a tool House, Delhi, ISBN 9789385055447, 310 p. for seed identification in medicinal plants. In: 4. Singh Mohar and HD Upadhyaya (2015) Genetic Dhiman KS, MM Padhi, A Mangal and N Srikanth and genomic resources for cereals improvement. (eds.) Recent Trends in Good Agricultural and Academic Press ISBN: 978-0-12-802000-5, 364p. Collection Practices for Medicinal Plants with
GENERAL INFORMATION 177 Special Focus on Identification and Value In: Proc. National Symposium on Sustainable Addition. Central Council for Research in Citrus Production: Way Forward. ICAR-CCRI, Ayurveda and Siddah, New Delhi, pp 105-116. Nagpur, pp 50-58. 8. Kak A (2015) Registration and conservation of 15. Malik SK, R Chaudhury, AP Singh and P Varshney unique plant germplasm. In: Jacob SR, N Singh, (2015) Cryobanking procedures and inventory K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Radhamani, A Kak, C system in cryogenebank. In: SR Jacob, N Singh, Pandey, S Pandey, J Aravind, IS Bisht and RK K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Radhamani, A Kak, C Tyagi (eds.) Management of Plant Genetic Pandey, S Pandey, J Aravind, IS Bisht and RK Resources, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Tyagi (eds.) Management of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, pp 243-247. Resources. ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, India, pp 219-226. 9. Kallamadi PR, K Dandu, S Hebbar, P Kumar and R Bellamkonda (2015) Proteomic perspectives on 16. Mishra RK, HK Sahu and RC Misra (2015) understanding plant stress response. In: Recent Diversity and biomass of macrophytes in Advance in Plant Stress Physiology. Astral Padmatola wetland, Balasore district, Odisha. In: Publication, New Delhi, pp 473-506. Sahu et al (eds.) Biodiversity Conservation, Research and Management Himalaya, 10. Kallamadi PR, K Dandu, S Hebbar, P Kumar and Publishing House, Mumbai, pp 90-94. R Bellamkonda (2015) Proteomic perspectives on understanding plant stress response. In: Recent 17. Murugesan P and P Anitha (2015) Plant genetic Advance in Plant Stress Physiology. Astral Resources conservation and Management. In: K Publication, New Delhi, 473-506 p. Palanisamy, M Maria Dominic Savio, D Thangamani, RS Prashanth (eds.) Training 11. Kandan A, J Akhtar, B Singh, Z Khan, A Pedapati Manual for Forest Genetic Resource and PC Agarwal (2015) Biological control of seed Management For Indian Forest Service and soil-borne plant pathogens by fluorescent Officers. Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree pseudomonads. In: PC Trivedi (ed.) Seed quality Breeding, Coimbatore, pp 218-231 production, diseases and quarantine, Aavishkar Publishers, Jaipur. pp 120-135. 18. Pandey C and S Pandey (2015) Seed drying and packaging methods for long term storage. In: 12. Kaur V, R Yadav, TP Singh, J Kumari and A Jacob SR, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Kumari (2015) Perspectives of drought tolerance Radhamani, A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, J in wheat: Morpho-physiological, biochemical and Aravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (eds.) molecular approaches. In: Behl RK, AP Singh, Management of Plant Genetic Resources. AB Lal and G Haesaert (eds.), Production and National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New processing of food crops for value addition: Delhi, pp 176-181. Technology and genetic options, Agrobios (International) Agro House, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 19. Pandey C, S Pandey, J Aravind and RK Tyagi India, pp 47-65. (2015) Strategies for conservation of vegetables genetic resources. In: M Kalia and S Arpita (eds.) 13. Kaur V, R Bansal, A Kumari and S Singh (2015) Advances in Improvement of vegetable crops Non-invasive phenotyping and phenomics for using biotechnological approaches. Division of dissection of abiotic stress tolerance: Image Vegetable Sciences, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi, pp analysis and computer vision. In: RK Behl, Ravi 10-20. Bhatia, Bhoop Singh, Manupriya Hasija, Vinod Khatkar, Sandeep Deswal (eds.) Vistas in 20. Pedapati A, A Kandan, SK Yadav, AK Singh and Computer Aided Agri-Bio-Engineering BVimala (2015) Biocontrol a new trend in Technologies Agrobios (International) Agro minimizing postharvest diseases of fruits and House, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, pp 55-74. vegetables In:Plant Diseases and their Sustainable Management, Biotech Books, New 14. Malik SK, R Chaudhury and IP Singh (2015) Delhi, pp 99-111 Cryobanking of Citrus genetic resources of India.
178 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 21. Radhamani J, J Aravind and A Pandey (2015) Temperate, Subtropical and Tropical Crop Plant Conservation and management of endemic and to Understand Cold Tolerance, pp 7-27. threatened plant species in India: An overview. 21.15.4 Research Bulletins/Information Bulletin/ In: Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Springer Brochures India, pp 461-486. 1. Chalam VC, DB Parakh, and AK Maurya (2015) 22. Radhamani, J. Rita Rani and N Dabral (2015) Tomato ring spot virus: A quarantine pest for Information Management system in Genebank In: India. ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, India. 4 p. SR Jacob, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Radhamani, A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, J 2. Chalam VC, DB Parakh, R Sharma and AK Maurya Aravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (eds.) National (2015) Barley stripe mosaic virus: A quarantine Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, pest for India. ICAR-NBPGR, India, 4 p. pp 31-33. 3. Kak A and RK Tyagi (2015) Inventory of 23. Singh Neeta (2015) Principles and procedures for Registered Crop Germplasm (2010-2014). ICAR- long term conservation of orthodox seeds In: SR NBPGR, New Delhi, 103 p. Jacob, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J Radhamani, A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, J 4. Pandravada SR, B Sarath Babu, N Sivaraj, V Aravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (eds.) Kamala, B Abraham, K Rameash, K Anitha, and Management of Plant Genetic Resources. SK Chakrabarty (2015) Saamaajika vittana NBPGR, New Delhi, pp 159-161. byankulu (Community Seed Banks).ICAR- NBPGR, Regional Station, Hyderabad, 4 p. 24. Singh, MC (2015) Predicting invasive plants using weed risk assessment In: Sushil Kumar et al. 5. Randhawa GJ and M Singh (2015) DNA-based (eds.) Training Manual on Recent Advances in Diagnostics for GM Crops: Technologies and Weed Management. Directorate of Weed Knowledge Sharing. ICAR-NBPGR, New Science Research, Jabalpur, pp 91-96. Delhi, 10 p. 25. Sunil N and SR Pandravada (2015) Alien crop 6. Singh YP, SP Singh, P Sharma, D Singh and R resources and underutilized species for food and Singh (2015) Fasal utpadan mein kitnashko ke nutritional Security of India. Plant Biology and surakshit aur parbhavi upyog (in Hindi), ICAR- Biotechnology. In: B Bahadur, M Venkata Rajam, DRMR, 28 p. S Leela and KV Krishnamurthy (eds.) Volume I: 7. Singh YP, SP Singh, P Sharma, D Singh and R Plant diversity, organization, function and Singh (2015) Safe and effective use of pesticides improvement, Springer India, pp 757-776. in field crops.ICAR-DRMR, 26 p. 26. Trivedi AK and A Hemantaranjan (2015) 21.15.5 Plant Germplasm Reporter Applications and Techniques of Liquid Chomatography Mass Spectrometry for 1. Bhatt KC, A Pandey, ER Nayar, K Pradheep, DP Proteomics, In: A Hemantaranjan (ed.) Advances Semwal, SK Sharma, NS Panwar, R Gupta and OP in Plant Physiology, Vol. 16, Scientific Publishers Dhariwal (2015) Plant Germplasm Reporter-2014 (India), Jodhpur, pp 1-20. (Indigenous Collections). ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi. 65 p. 27. Trivedi AK and A Hemantaranjan (2015). Significance of post-translational modifications for 21.15.6 Popular/Technical Articles Proteomic Research, In: A Hemantaranjan (ed.) 1. Akhtar J (2015) Quarantine for safe trans- Advances in Plant Physiology, Vol. 16, Scientific boundary exchange of oilseeds and vegetables Publishers (India), Jodhpur, pp 271-288. Brassicas. In: Lecture Notes of ICAR-sponsored 28. Wankhede DP, A Pattnaik, SS Mishra, NB Das, winter school on new paradigms in diseases SS Marla, KV Bhat, SKumar, AK Singh, S management: conventional and molecular Rajkumar and R Kumar (2015) Brief Insight into approaches for rapeseed-mustard production ICE1 (Inducer of CBF Expression 1) from during 09-29 December 2015 at ICAR-DRMR, Bharatpur, pp 36-42.
GENERAL INFORMATION 179 2. Arya RR, SK Verma and AK Trivedi (2015) 14. Misra RC and HK Sahoo (2015) Wild bitter gourd Parvatiya Kshetron Mein Neembu Kul Ki (Buru kirla): A food plant discovered from Bagwani. Kisan Bharti. 46: 7-10. Odisha. Emerging Science. 7: 32-34. 3. Bharathi LK, K Joseph John, HS Singh, P Srinivas 15. Muraleedhar A, HK Dikshit, D Singh, L Prasad and PS Sivakumar (2015) Tapping edible and and J Kumari (2015) Scientific cultivation of medicinal potential of sweet gourd. Indian mungbean for nutritional security in India. Popular Horticul. May-June 9-11. Kheti. 3: 18-27. 4. Chand Dinesh, N Dikshit, N Sivaraj and AD 16. Negi KS, SN Ojha, SS Koranga, A Rayal and PS Sharma (2015) Exploiting resistance gene of Mehta (2015) Sweet Basil Ki Saundarya Udyog Cucumis sativus L. var. hardwickii germplasm mein Badti Maang. Kheti. 66: 18-22. in Cucumber improvement. Biotech Articles, pp 17. Negi, KS and A Rayal (2015) Aushadiya Guno 34-37 se Bharpur Satawar ki kheti. Kheti. 66: 25-27. 5. Joseph John K, M Abdul Nizar, M Latha and A 18. Pandravada SR and P Senguttuvel (2015) Suma (2015) Lakshmitharu – Swargeeya Exploration and gene-pool sampling of endemic Vriksham? (in Malayalam) Kerala Karshakan. rice (Oryza sativa L.) genetic resources from 61: 34. bio-diversity rich pockets of Karnataka. IIRR News 6. Joseph John K, M Abdul Nizar, M Latha and R Letter. p 8. Asokan Nair (2015) Yadhartha Mangosteen 19. Pradheep K and PK Singh (2015) Diversity of Thirichariyamo? (in Malayalam) Kerala pumpkins from Meghalaya. Rashtriya Krishi. 10: Karshakan.61: 20-21. 103-104. 7. Kak A and RK Tyagi (2015) Plant germplasm 20. Pradheep K, Soyimchiten, A Pandey and SP registration notice. Indian J. Pl. Genet. Resour. Ahlawat (2015) Leafy vegetables of Nagaland for 28: 356-370. germplasm collection. ICAR News. 21: 8-9. 8. Khan Z, J Akhtar, R Kumar and NK Gautam 21. Roy Somnath, JP Tyagi, R Singh, AK Misra and (2015) Eco-friendly management of root-knot KC Bansal (2015) Maize landraces from nematodes and Fusarium wilt by plant growth Mizoram. ICAR News. 21: 6. promoting rhizobacteria in vegetable crops. Indian Farmers’ Digest. 48: 7-8. 22. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Aruguna ebam Kandha Adivasi (Odia): Cycas circinalis L. and 9. Kumar P and S Kumar (2015) Hidden face of Kandha tribe. In: Satpathy P and Rao YG (eds.) science. Scientific India. 3: 32. Bana Barata. 68: 23-24. 10. Kumar P, J Akhtar, A Kandan and D Chand (2015) 23. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Ashoka Brukhya Seed health testing for better crop production. O Ehara Upakarita (Odia): Ashoka tree and its Scientific India. 3: 36. usefulness. In: P Satapathy and YG Rao (eds.) Bana 11. Kumari J, HK Dikshit, R Bansal, K Kumari and M Barata. 68: 25-26. Aski (2015) Sustainable yield of pulses in changing 24. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Eka Upakari climate condition using short duration varieties. Udvida: Kaincha (Odia): An useful medicinal plant: Popular Kheti. 3: 6-11 Indian liquorice (Abrus precatorius L.). In: P 12. Misra RC and G Das (2015) Karpura Satpathy and YG Rao (eds.) Bana Barata. 68: Tulasi(Ocimum kilimandscharicum): A bio- 26-27. pesticide and medicinal plant discovered from 25. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Brahmi: Eka Odisha. Emerging Science. 7: 35-38. Mulyaban Aushadhiya Udvida (Odia): Bacopa 13. Misra RC and DR Pani (2015) A new plant record monnieri: A valuable medicinal plant. In: P of multipurpose legume explored from Odisha. Satpathy and YG Rao (eds.) Bana Barata. 69: Emerging Science. 7: 28-31. 23-24.
180 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 26. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Patala Garuda: 39. Trivedi AK, SK Verma and RR Arya (2015) Eka Biparna Aushadhiya Udvida (Odia): Parvatiya Kshetron Mein Kiwi Phal Utpadan Se Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth ex Kurz: An Adhik Amadani. Phal Phul. 36: 20-21. endangered medicinal plant. In: P Satpathy and 40. Trivedi AK, SK Verma and RR Arya (2015) YG Rao (eds.) Bana Barat. 68: 24-25. Safalata Ki Kahani - Palarodhi Kagazi Nimbu Se 27. Sahoo HK and RC Misra (2015) Wild food plants Nandan Ne Kamaya Labh. Kisan Bharti.46: 12. used by tribes of Baisipalli wildlife sanctuary, 41. Trivedi AK, SK Verma, G Lal and RR Arya (2015) Odisha, India. Emerging Science. 7: 25-29. Aru se Adhik Utpadan. Phal Phul. 36: 27-30. 28. Singh SP, S Kumar, G Singh and BS Tomar (2015) 42. Trivedi AK, SK Verma, KS Negi and PS Mehta Rai-Sarson ki fasal me keet niyantran (in Hindi). (2015) Gehun Ki 1371 Kismo Ki Kundali Hogi Kisan Vikas Sahyog. pp 4-6. Taiyar. Dainik Jagran (Haldwani). p 4. 29. Singh SP, S Kumar, G Singh and BS Tomar (2015) 43. Verma SK, AK Trivedi, RR Arya and R Joshi Samekit keet, Bimari evam Kharpatwar ke (2015) Uttarakhandi Pahari Nimbu – IC319067. parbandhan dwara gannae ki fasal se adhik Nanda Devi Smarika. pp 31-35. utpadan (in Hindi). Kisan Vikas Sahyog. pp 17- 21. 44. vatw tSu( ¼2015½ gYnh% ,d peRdkfjd vkS"kf/k- In: 30. Singh SP, S Kumar, G Singh and SS Dhaka (2015) likbl bfM;k&Likbla ckMs ]Z okf.kT; ,o a m|kxs e=ky;]a Aam me samekit keet parbandhan (in Hindi).MAC Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk izdkf'kr ekfld if=dk- 27 (8): Krishi Jagran. 20: 57-58. 10-16. 31. Sharma R, M Singh, A Jain and GJ Randhawa 21.15.7 Manuals/Teaching Aids (2015) PCR-based diagnostics for genetically 1. Jacob Sherry, N Singh, K Srinivasan, V Gupta, J modified eggplant and potato. In: J Food Process Radhamani, A Kak, C Pandey, S Pandey, J Technol Volume 6, Issue 10 (Food India 2015, Aravind, IS Bisht and RK Tyagi (2015) Omics International, October 08-10, 2015), p 91. Management of Plant Genetic Resources, National 32. Sultan SM (2015) Popular rice landraces of Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, Kashmir. ICAR News. 21: 6. 323 p. 33. Kumar S, J Kumari, R Bansal, BR Kuri, AK Singh, 2. Pandey A, K Pradheep and R Gupta (2015) DP Wankhede, J Akhtar and Z Khan (2015) Slow Manual on National Herbarium of Cultivated rusting – an effective way to achieve durable Plants. NBPGR, New Delhi, 50 p + i-vi. resistance against leaf rust in wheat. Electronic 3. Pradheep K, A Pandey, KC Bhatt, SP Ahlawat, wheat information system. eWIS-120, pp 26-34. DP Semwal and KC Bansal (2015) Crop Wild 34. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Impact of Agro- Relatives: Identification, Collecting and biodiversity on Food Security and Farmer’s Utilization. ICAR-NBPGR, New Delhi, 320 p. Prosperity. Indian Farmer’s Digest. 48: 16-18 21.15.8 Genebank Submissions 35. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Natural 1. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil, Disasters: Earthquake, its causes and counter DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusarium measures. Farmer’s Digest. 48: 34-36. solani strain FS1 beta-tubulin gene, partial cds. 36. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Niglat Ki Kiwi 301 bp linear DNA. Accession: KR071140.1. http:/ Charche Nagaland Tak. Dainik Jagran. p 6. /www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KR071140.1. 37. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Sinthiya School 2. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil, Ke Chhatron Ne Jani Grafting Taqnik. Amar DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusarium Ujala. p 10. solani strain FS1 18S ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S 38. Trivedi AK and SK Verma (2015) Success Story - ribosomal RNA gene, and internal transcribed Diversity of crops: Boon for Farmers. Indian spacer 2, complete sequence; and 28S ribosomal Farmer’s Digest. 48: 35, 44.
GENERAL INFORMATION 181 RNA gene, partial sequence. 591 bp linear DNA. 10. Kandan A, S Varthika and D Pal (2015) Accession: KR071141.1. http:// Paenibacillus sp. B6 16S ribosomal RNA gene, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/ KR071141.1. partial sequence. 1338 bp linear DNA. Accession: KT359574.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ 3. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil, nuccore/KT359574.1. DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici strain FOL1 beta- 11. Kandan A, S Varthika and D Pal (2015) Ralstonia tubulin gene, partial cds. 385 bp linear DNA. solanacearum strain B5 16S ribosomal RNA Accession: KR071142.1. http:// gene, partial sequence. 1317 bp linear DNA. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ nuccore/ KR071142.1. Accession: KT359576.1. http:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KT359576.1. 4. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil, DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusarium 12. Kandan A, S Varthika and D Pal (2015) Ralstonia oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici strain FOL1 solanacearum strain B4 16S ribosomal RNA translation elongation factor 1 alpha gene, partial gene, partial sequence. 1326 bp linear DNA. cds. 550 bp linear DNA. Accession: KR071143.1. Accession: KT359575.1. http:// http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/ www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KT359575.1. KR071143.1. 13. Kaur V, P Pranusha, SK Vinjamuri, SK Yadav, 5. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil, DP Wankhede, JC Rana and V Chinnusamy DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusarium (2015) Cloning of MIZ1 gene involved in oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici strain FOL1 18S hydrotropism from rice genotype Rasi, complete ribosomal RNA gene, partial sequence; internal sequence 992 bp linear DNA. Accession: transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene, KT285512. and internal transcribed spacer 2, complete 14. Kaur V, P Pranusha,Vinjamuri, SK Yadav, DP sequence; and 28S ribosomal RNA gene, partial Wankhede, JC Rana, and V Chinnusamy, (2015) sequence. 494 bp linear DNA. Accession: Cloning of MIZ1 gene involved in hydrotropism KR071144.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ from rice variety, Pusa Sugandh 5, complete nuccore/KR071144.1. sequence 1004 bp linear DNA. Accession: 6. Kandan A, Z Khan, BH Gawade, D Pal, D Kamil, KT306830. DP Wankhede and NK Gautam (2015) Fusarium 15. Kaur V, SK Yadav, DP Wankhede, JC Rana and solani strain FS1 translation elongation factor 1 V Chinnusamy (2015) Cloning of gene involved alpha gene, partial cds. 281 bp linear DNA. in hydrotropism from rice variety Pusa1121, Accession: KR071145.1. http:// complete sequence 992 bp linear DNA. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/KR071145.1. Accession: KT285509. 7. Kandan A, S Varthika and D Pal (2015) 16. Kaur V, SK Yadav, DP Wankhede, JC Rana and Paenibacillus sp. B1 16S ribosomal RNA gene, V Chinnusamy (2015) Cloning of MIZ1 from partial sequence. 1390 bp linear DNA. Accession: drought tolerant rice variety Nagina22, complete KT359571.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ sequence 868 bp linear mRNA. Accession: nuccore/KT359571.1. KT285510. 8. Kandan A, S Varthika and D Pal (2015) 17. Kaur V, SK Yadav, DP Wankhede, JC Rana and Paenibacillus sp. B2 16S ribosomal RNA gene, V Chinnusamy (2015) Cloning of MIZ1 gene partial sequence. 1339 bp linear DNA. Accession: involved in hydrotropism from rice variety CR262- KT359572.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ 4, complete sequence 868 bp linear mRNA. nuccore/KT359572.1. Accession: KT285511. 9. Kandan A, S Varthika D and Pal (2015) 18. Kumar P, J Akhtar, A Kandan, SC Dubey, A Gupta Paenibacillus sp. B3 16S ribosomal RNA gene, and K Pradheep (2015) Alternaria atra strain partial sequence. 1360 bp linear DNA. Accession: PUA1 beta-tubulin gene, partial cds 346bp linear KT359573.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ DNA Accession: gi|949802686 |gb|KT899997. nuccore/KT359573.1. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/949802686.
182 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 19. Marla S (2015) Pigeon pea RGAs (10 nos, www.biotecharticles.com/Authors/0/Dr-Dinesh- containing NBS-LRR) showing resistance Chand-37676.html reaction to Fusarium wilt disease: KC966926.1, 5. Chaudhary S, BK Mishra, V Thiruvettai, SK KC966925.1, KC966925.1, KC966923.1, Magadum and JK Yasin (2015) PineElm_SSRdb: KC966922.1, KC966921.1, KF130786.1, A database for pineapple microsatellite markers KF130785.1, KF130784.1, KF130783.1. identified from genomic, chloroplast, 20. Mondal (2015) Discovery of small RNA from mitrochondrial and EST sequences of (Ananas Maize NCBI SRA Accession: PRJNA271417. comosus (L.) Merrill). http://bioelm.com 21. Mondal (2015) Discovery of smallRNA from 6. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015) Oryza coarctataNCBI SRA Accession: Effect of beneficial microorganisms against the PRJNA271658. impact of global climate change. http:// www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ 22. Mondal (2015) Genone wide miRNA-SSR marker Climate-Change-Effect-of-Beneficial- of rice NCBI Probe: Pr032298077 to Microorganisms-3411.html. Pr032298063 7. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015) 23. Mondal (2015) Salt responsive gene specific Functions of miRNA during host-pathogen marker of rice NCBI probe: Pr032302526- interactions – An overview. http:// Pr032302544. www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research- 24. Mondal TK and SA Ganie (2015) Cloning and Article/Functions-of-miRNAs-During-Host- characterization of 7 salt responsive genes of Pathogen-Interactions-An-Overview-3434.html. Oryza coarctata. NCBI gene bank ID: KP330207 8. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015) [SOS2 gene], KP330206 [SOS3 gene], KP330205 High resolution melting analysis method for [eIF5a gene], KM349311 [E3 ubiquitin-protein sensitive detection of plant pathogens. http:// ligase], KM349310 [ASR gene], KM349309 [salT www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research- gene], KM349308 [DREB2A gene]. Article/HRMA-Method-for-Sensitive-Detection- 21.15.9 e-publications of-Plant-Pathogens-3424.html. 1. Akhtar J, A Kandan, P Kumar and M Malik (2015) 9. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015) DNA barcoding: a potential supplement to In-depth studies of plant pathogen interactions conventional taxonomy for species identification. using proteomic approaches. http:// http://www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech- www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research- Research-Article/DNA-Barcoding-For- Article/Plant-Pathogen-Interactions-using- Taxonomy-for-Species-Identification-3426.html. Proteomic-Approaches-3436.html. 2. Baite MS, SC Dubey, BK Upadhyay and A 10. Kandan A, Akhtar J, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015) Tripathi (2015) ITS region sequences of 13 isolates Loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for of Ascochyta rabiei causing blight in chickpea. the detection of plant pathogens. http:// Accessions: KT962075 to KT962087. http:// www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/ KT962075 to Loop-Mediated-Isothermal-Amplification-Assay- KT962087. for-the-Detection-of-Plant-Pathogens-3423.html. 3. Bansal R, J Kumari, R Bhardwaj and S Kumar 11. Kandan A, J Akhtar, P Kumar and Z Khan (2015) (2015) Wheat biofortification: Progress and Plant cell wall degrading enzymes of fungi and its challenges. Wheat Inf. Serv. 120, role in pathogenesis. http:// www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/ewisp. pp 34-39. www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ Plant-Cell-Wall-Degrading-Enzymes-of-Fungi- 4. Chand D, N Dikshit , N Sivaraj and A D Sharma and-its-Role-in-Pathogenesis-3427.html. (2015) Exploiting resistance gene of Cucumis sativus L. var. hardwickii germplasm in 12. Khan Z and BH Gawade (2015) Biodiversity of Cucumber improvement. soil nematodes and their role in agriculture. http:/
GENERAL INFORMATION 183 /www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture- Biodiversity-of-Soil-Nematodes-and-their-role-in- Article/Nigrospora-Oryzae-An-Endophyte-of- Agriculture-3433.html. Potential-Application-in-Agriculture-3425.html 13. Khan Z, BH Gawade and A Kandan (2015) 21. Kumar S, A K Singh, R Bansal, J Kumari, S Yadav Resistant cultivars: An option for environment- and M Grover (2015) Screening plant genetic friendly management of plant parasitic nematodes. resources for novel alleles in cereals. http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture- www.biotecharticles.com/Category/4-0/ Article/Resistant-Cultivars-Environment-friendly- Genetics.html. Management-of-Plant-Parasitic-Nematodes- 22. Kumar S, J Kumari, R Bansal, BR Kuri, AK Singh, 3438.html. DP Wankhede, J Akhtar and Z Khan (2015) Slow 14. Khan Z, BH Gawade and A Kandan (2015) Role rusting-an effective way to achieve durable of beneficial organisms in the management of resistance against leaf rust in wheat. Wheat Inf. biotic stress and growth of vegetable crops. http:/ Serv. 120, www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/ewis. pp 26-34 /www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ 23. Mondal TK (2015) miRNA-Based Simple Beneficial-Organisms-for-Vegetable-Crops- Sequence Repeats Markers for DNA Growth-and-Biotic-Stress-Management- Fingerprinting of Plants. Biotechnology Article 3430.html. 2(1) published on line. 15. Khan Z, BH Gawade, A Kandan and NK Gautam 24. Ram C, BS Panwar, L Arya and M Verma (2015) (2015) Effect of medicinal plant materials on EST based molecular markers. http:// efficacy of biocontrol agents used against soil www.biotecharticles.com/Biotech-Research- borne plant pathogens. http:// Article/EST-Based Molecular-Markers-3300.html www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ 25. Trivedi AK (2015) Connotation of biotechnology Use-of-Medicinal-Plant-Materials-with-a- in plant genetic resources management. (http:// Biocontrol-Agent-for-the-Management-of-Soil- www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ Borne-Plant-Disease. Connotation-of-Biotechnology-in-Plant-Genetic- 16. Khan Z (2015) Cyanobacteria for Management Resources-Management-3363.html). of plant parasitic nematodes. http:// 26. Trivedi AK (2015) Cultivation practices, nutritional www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ value, uses and suitable varieties of almond for Cyanobacteria-for-Management-of-Plant- central Himalayan region. (http:// Parasitic-Nematodes-3435.html. www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ 17. Kumar P, J Akhtar, A Kandan, SC Dubey, A Gupta Almond-Cultivation-Uses-and-Varieties- and K Pradheep (2015). Alternaria atra strain 3370.html). PUA1 beta-tubulin gene, partial cds 346bp linear 27. Trivedi AK (2015) Landslides: a major natural DNA Accession: gi|949802686 disaster in central himalayan region, causes and |gb|KT899997.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ prevention. (http://www.biotecharticles.com/ nuccore/949802686. Agriculture-Article/Landslides-Causes-and- 18. Kumar P, A Kandan, J Akhtar and Dinesh Chand Prevention-A-Major-Natural-Disaster- (2015) Alternaria Toxins: impacts on Plants and 3374.html). Animals. www.biotecharticles.com/Authors/0/ 28. Trivedi AK (2015) Production of quality planting Pradeep-Kumar-37670.html. material of horticultural crops: precautions and 19. Kumar P, A Kandan, J Akhtar and D Chand (2015) opportunities. (http://www.biotecharticles.com/ Atlernaria toxins: Impacts on plants and animals. Agriculture-Article/Production-of-Quality- http://www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture- Planting-Material-of-Horticultural-Crops- Article/Atlernaria-Toxins-Impacts-on-Plants-and- 3367.html). Animals-3440.html 29. Trivedi AK (2015) Significance of agro- 20. Kumar P, A Kandan, J Akhtar, BH Gawade and biodiversity in the food security of central A Gupta (2015) Nigrospora oryzae: An himalayan region. (http:// endophyte of potential application in agriculture. www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/
184 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Food-Security-in-Central-Himalayan-Region- NBPGR owns five copyrights till 2015 all in the area of Agro-Biodiversity-3364.html). software development: 30. Trivedi AK (2015). Food security through on farm S.No. Registration No. Registration dated conservation of agro-biodiversity. (http:// 1. SW-3278/2006 06/12/2006 www.biotecharticles.com/Agriculture-Article/ 2. L-30267/2008 27/03/2008 Food-Security-through-On-Farm-Conservation- 3. L-32399/2009 26/03/2009 of-Agro-biodiversity-3368.html). 4. SW-7727/2014 02/04/2014 5 SW-8439/2015 09/10/2015 21.15.10 Reports 21.16.2 Processing of plant variety registration 1. Raiger HL, BS Phogat, S Sheelamary, MC Singh, applications to PPV&FRA: NBPGR facilitates SK Yadav, TV Prasad, M Khabiruddin, YS processing applications for varietal registration with Dhaliwal and KC Bansal (2015) Kharif Report PPV&FRA received from ICAR institutes, SAUs, 2015. All India Coordinated Research Network Farmers, etc. As on 31 Dec 2015, as many as 1051 on Potential Crop, NBPGR, New Delhi. 247 p. applications have been processed by the Bureau. In 2015, a total of 13 applications were processed of which 2. Raiger HL, BS Phogat, S Sheelamary, MC Singh, nine were extant varieties, four were new varieties. SK Yadav, TV Prasad, M Khabiruddin and KC Bansal (2015) Progress Report Rabi 2014-15. All 21.16.3 Technology transfer: Five technologies India Coordinated Research Network on Potential related to PCR based GM detection developed by Dr Crop, NBPGR, New Delhi. 178 p. (Mrs.) Gurinder Jit Randhawa, Principal Scientist, 21.15.11 Software Division of Genomic Resources were available for transfer. Agrinnovate facilitated the transfer of these 1. Aravind J, J Radhamani, K Srinivasan, BA technologies to DSS Imagetech and an agreement was Subhash and RK Tyagi (2015) PGRdup: Discover signed on August 19, 2015. The technologies were valued Probable Duplicates in Plant Genetic Resources by Agrinnovate at Rupees 15 Lakh plus 4% royalty on (PGR) Collections. R package version 0.2. gross sales. 21.16 Intellectual Property and Technology Memorandum of Agreement was signed and exchanged, Management for five cost-efficient/rapid GMO screening technologies: 21.16.1 IP portfolio of NBPGR: IP portfolio of • Hexaplex PCR targeting six marker genes (nptII, NBPGR includes three patents and three copyrights. aadA, bar, hpt, pat and uidA) Three patent applications were filed during 2015 and • Duplex TaqMan real-time PCR targeting P-35S and five copyright applications are pending with copyright T-nos office, New Delhi. • Visual Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification NBPGR maintained three patents through the year 2015 (LAMP)-based technology targeting eight transgenic all in the area of transgene detection: elements (P-35S, T-nos, aadA, nptII, uidA, cry1Ac, cry2Ab and cp4-epsps) S.No. Application number Patent Number 1. 3451/DEL/2005 dated 23/12/2005 245749 2. 3530/DEL/2005 dated 30/12/2005 254341 3. 2069/DEL/2006 dated 20/09/2006 258165
Three patent applications for an extraction assembly and its parts were filed
Title Patent application number A SOXHLET EXTRACTOR 4279/DEL/2015 A REUSABLE MULTIPURPOSE ICAR-NBPGR transferred a bouquet of technologies related EXTRACTION THIMBLE APPARATUS 4278/DEL/2015 to PCR based GM detection to DSS Imagetech Pvt. Ltd. CENTRALLY FUNNELLED VALVED The transfer was facilitated by Agrinnovate India Ltd., OR NON-VALVED CONDENSER 4277/DEL/2015 and the agreement was signed on August 19, 2015.
GENERAL INFORMATION 185 • Real-time LAMP-based technology targeting GA21, MON810, NK603 and TC1507 in an unknown transgenic elements (P-35A, T-nos, aadA, seed powder sample. nptII,uidA, cry1Ac, cry2Ab2 and cp4-epsps) C. Participated in the Inter-laboratory • TaqMan real-time PCR-based multi-target system Comparison Program conducted by ARBRO covering 47 targets for screening Pharmaceuticals Limited, New Delhi 21.17 Participation in International • To test for two screening elements, CaMV 35S Comparative/ Proficiency Testings for Quality promoter and nos terminator employing real-time Assurance and Global Harmonization PCR to check the GMO status of an unknown seed powder sample of rice. One proficiency testing organized by the Grain Inspection, Packers Stockyards Administration (GIPSA), United 21.18 Distinguished Visitors States, Department of Agriculture (USDA): • In April 2015, to check qualitatively the presence of GM maize events, viz., T25, MON810, Bt11, NK603, TC1507, MON863, Herculex®RW, Event 3272, MON88017, MON89034 and MIR162 in four maize test samples, and GM soy events, viz., Roundup ReadyTM, Roundup ReadyTMII and DP305423, in two soybean test samples; and to quantify the GM events detected. Hon’ble DDG (CS) ICAR Dr JS Sandhu and Hon’ble Z-score was within the expected range, i. e., within Director, ICAR-NRRI, Cuttack Dr Trilochan Mohapatra +2 to -2. visited the NBPGR Cuttack on June 11, 2015 A. Two proficiency testings organized by European Union Reference Laboratory (EURL) for GM Food and Feed, Joint Research Centre, European Commission, Ispra, Italy: • In May, 2015, (a) for test sample 1 (food), to screen for the presence of 16 GM maize events, 13 GM soybean events, 6 GM oilseed rape events, and one Visit of ADG (Seeds) to ICAR-NBPGR, RS, Shillong GM rice event.; (b) for test sample 2 (soybean flour), to screen for the presence of three GM soybean events, viz., 68416, A2704 and MON87705 • In August, 2015, (a) for test sample 1 (instant soup), to perform species identification for maize, soybean, oilseed rape and rice and to screen for the presence of 16 GM maize events, 15 GM soybean events, 6 GM oilseed rape events, and one GM rice event; ADG (Seeds) in the experimental fields of ICAR-NBPGR, (b) for test sample 2 (feed, soybean), to screen for RS, Shillong the presence of three GM soybean events, viz., MON89788, 68416 and 81419. B. One proficiency testing organized by Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário, Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento, Brazil • To perform screening tests targeting 35S promoter Shree Rama Ram Patel, MLA of Luni constituency and nos terminator and event—specific detection/ examining the early maturing (50 days) and high yielding genope of mungbean at RS, Jodhpur quantification of six GM maize events, Bt11, Bt176,
186 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Annexure I 14.3 16.4 19.2 19.2 19 17.9 14.7 9.7 5.6 320.00 55.00 260.4 447.00 190.0 17 5.00 6.00 3.00 72.0 162.0 259.0 629.8 510.1 320.8 242.2 203.8 151.2 88.3 12.4 28.8 6.8 43.5 173 88.9 19.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 ICAR- NBPGR Regional Stations 5.60 7.22 11.18 16.10 15.90 16.57 16.32 14.62 11.40 7.86 5.39 14.0 17.7 23.1 27.7 25.4 24.6 22.8 22.2 19.7 16.4 11.9 9.1823.0 12.04 15.22 0.0 20.50 23.91 9.0 25.73 38.0 25.27 57.0 24.95 250.0 22.69 347.0 202.0 17.54 14.02 26.0 10.00 95.0 0.0 0.0 21.637.7 22.8 13.8 26.8 26.6 63.8 160.28 27.8 33 28.8 214 29 230.9 27.2 692.4 491.8 27.8 230.5 27.4 92.5 24.5 0.2 20.7 72.1 105.4 196.4 116.3 13.8 108.9 406.2 240.8 62.8 11.5 9.2 20.2 32.522.1 34.3 23.0 35.8 24.9 34.0 24.6 32.9 24.7 31.0 23.9 30.3 23.5 31.0 23.7 31.9 23.7 32.5 24.1 31.6 23.8 32.3 23.3 28.410.8 32.210.2 15.024.1 33.7 19.7 35.2 14.2 22.9 29.7 39.3 18.2 26.7 32.5 24.5 33.5 38.2 24.9 28.0 33.6 42.2 23.8 28.0 31.2 39.7 22.8 27.3 31.0 35.8 22.4 26.0 32.4 33.8 19.7 25.4 30.5 36.4 17.7 20.9 30.9 36.9 14.8 17.6 31.6 10.2 26.8 14.9 18.6 22.05 23.20 26.62 26.06 25.8 24.7 26.3 24.9 20.4 17.6 27.051.4 32.8 33.8 4.0 38.4 42.8 42.9 52.3 37.2 1.4 34.1 88.1 30.9 72.1 32.9 320.1 164.3 35.9 33.2 0.5 31.3 0.0 0.0 13.0 16.60 16.83 28.32 28.58 26.63 23.64 24.33 25.65 23.95 20.5 15.5 23.40 27.51 30.31 32.79 36.92 34.09 29.81 30.05 31.61 29.64 28.46 24.46 12.04 14.43 16.42 19.97 26.01 25.43 22.87 23.06 23.48 22.16 18.76 14.25 26.7313.50 30.69 33.15 40.00 34.55 17.10 37.20 83.20 33.75 22.90 225.20 32.0 352.1 31.7 278.3 31.6 270.3 32.6 24.1 29.9 12.8 27.7 12.4 81.32 2.43 5.20 16.60 14.87 10.36 18.32 18.16 15.56 11.13 6.95 2.5 Meteorological data (temperature in degrees Celsius and rainfall mm) at Max. temp Min. temp Rainfall Max. temp Min. tempRainfall 6.5 7.6 11.8 Min. temp 3.1 Max. temp Rainfall Max. tempMin. tempRainfallMax. temp 8Min. temp -2Rainfall 48 11 1 68 0.0 15 4 121 21 0.0 85 9 25 68 12 28 39 14 30 62 19 30 76 18 27 28 12 23 33 6 16 28 10 2 54 -1 Max. temp Min. temp RainfallMax. temp Min. temp Rainfall 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.3 0.1 3.9 0.5 5.3 0.8 4.1 5.6 1.2 0.6 0.0 Min. temp Max. temp Rainfall 1 ParameterMax. temp Min. temp JanRainfall Feb 11.4 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. temp Min. temp Rainfall 82 46 311 Ranchi Shillong Shimla Srinagar Thrissur Hyderabad Jodhpur Cuttack Akola Station Bhowali
ANNEXURE 187 Annexure II
Results-Frame work Document (RFD) for National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (2014-2015)
Address: Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110 012 Website ID: www.nbpgr.ernet.in
Section 1: Vision, Mission, Objectives and Functions Vision Facilitate availability of plant genetic and genomic resources for present and future use to enhance agricultural productivity. Mission Acquisition and management of plant genetic and genomic resources for food and agriculture, and to carry out related research and human resource development for sustainable growth of agriculture. Objectives 1. Augmentation and conservation of genetic and genomic resources for sustainable use 2. Germplasm characterization, evaluation and supply to users 3. Information management on genetic and genomic resources 4. Knowledge management and HRD in PGR Functions - To plan, organize, conduct and coordinate exploration and collection of desired indigenous and exotic PGR. - To undertake introduction, exchange and quarantine for augmenting PGR. - To characterize, evaluate, document and conserve crop genetic resources and promote their use in collaboration with other national organizations. - To develop genomic resources and tools, to discover and validate the function of genes of importance to agriculture and to develop bioinformatics tools for enhanced utilization of genomic resources. - To develop information network for effective utilization of PGR. - To conduct research, undertake teaching and training, develop policy guidelines and create public awareness on PGR.
188 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Poor 15600 10400 9200 6900 4600 Good Fair 20800 arget/Criteria Value July 2 July 4 July 7 July 9 8400 7000 5600 4200 2800 96004800 8000 4000 6400 3200 4800 2400 3200 1600 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 31200 26,000 13200 11000 8800 6600 4400 13,800 11,500 Excellent Good V. Weight T Unit Number 12 Number 2 78 65 52 39 26 Number 5 36 30 24 18 12 Number 6 Number 8 Number 12NumberNumber 510 10 Number 5 425 5 340 72 255 60 170 48 36 24 Number 1 6 5 4 3 2 Number 4 Number 2 6 5 4 3 2 Number 2 6 5 4 3 2 published Date 2 June 30 ermplasm registered echnologies Number 2 5 4 3 2 1 Success indicators Accessions introduced and processed for quarantine clearance Explorations undertaken New accessions conserved under Long-term storage (LTS) Regenerated accessions conserved Genomic resources generated, validated and conserved Germplasm characterized Germplasm evaluated Field days organized Germplasm supplied to users Updation timeM.Sc. and Ph.D. students Week 4 2 3 4 5 6 awarded degrees developed/tested (national and international) Research articles published No. 3 72 60 48 36 24 Germplasm introduction Exploration of PGR registered for unique traits Genetic/ genomic Germplasm G resources conservation preliminary evaluation Genomic resources utilized Promoting germplasm use Postgraduate Maintenance of PGR databases education in PGR Technology/ T product/ protocol Training imparted Trainings organized Publication of the research articles in the journals having the NAAS rating of 6.0 and above Timely publication Annual Report Weight Actions priorities among key objectives, success indicators and targets genetic resources Inter se sustainable use conservation of and genomic for characterizationevaluation and characterization/ supply to users management on genetic and genomic resources management and HRD in PGR Documentation Section 2 : S. Objectives No. 1. Augmentation and 45 2. Germplasm 25 Germplasm 4. Knowledge 6 3. Information 4 * Publication/ 5
ANNEXURE 189 Nov. 5 Nov. Nov.4 Nov.3 2014 2014 2014 2014 Nov.2 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 20142014 2014 2014 2014 2014 2014 May 1 May 2 May 5 May 6 May 7 Nov. 1 Nov. May 15, May 16, May 19, May 20, May 21, Date 2 Date 1 implementation % 2 100 95 90 85 80 of implementation %of implementation 1of implementation 100 % 90 2 % 80 100 2 70 95 100 60 90 90 85 80 80 70 60 implementing GRM Date Date 2 implementation 2014 Rating fromCharter (CCC) Degree of Audit Independent of implementation Degree of success inGrievance Redress Management (GRM) system Update organizational % 1 100 95 90 85 80 of Results for 2013- 201 of the Institute strategy to align with revised priorities Implementation of % Annual Report (2013-2014) ofUtilization released plan fund Timely submission On-time submission Plan fund utilized20 14-20 15 for Approval Timely submission On-time submission % 2 98 96 94agreed milestones 92of approved Mitigating for Strategies Reduction of potential 90 risk of corruption (MSC) Implementation ofagreed milestones % for ISO 9001 Implementation ofmilestones of % approved Innovation Action Plans (lAPs) Transparency /Transparency Improved Servicedelivery of Ministry /Department Audit Independent of of Citizens' /Clients' of commitments in CCC management the RFD Systemfor RFD Draft of * Enhanced 3 *Administrative Reforms 7 * Fiscal resource* Efficient Functioning of 3 2 *mandatory objectives
190 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 Projected Projected arget 2014 July 2 - - 8,0004,000 8,500 4,500 8,000 5,000 1,740 11,000 12,500 13,000 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 9,043 9,101 11,500 13,000 13,000 6,386 6,137 7,000 8,000 8,000 Actual Actual T 13,000 9,500 37,018 30,804 26,000 30,000 30,000 FY2012- FY2013- FY2014- FY2015- FY2016- Value forValue for Value Values for Values for for Value Unit Date - - Week 3 3 3 3 3 Number 5 5 5 6 6 NumberNumber 5 4 5 4 5 4 6 5 6 5 NumberNumber 6 5 5 6 5 NumberNumber - 600Number Number 1 Number 521 - 50 425 79 - 525 60 550 80 80 Number NumberNumber 32 87 27 49 30 65 33 65 33 65 Number echnologies developed/tested (national/international) Research articles publishedAnnual Report published No. 70 60 60 70 80 Trainings organized M.Sc. and Ph.D. students awarded degrees Updation time Germplasm supplied to users Field days organized validated and conserved Germplasm characterized under Long-term storage (LTS) Regenerated accessions conserved Genomic resources generated, Germplasm evaluated New accessions conserved Explorations undertaken clearance Accessions introduced and processed for quarantine Success indicators echnology/ product/ T Institute Annual Report (2013-2014) plan fund Publication of the research articles in the journals having the NAAS rating of 6.0 and above Timely publication of the protocol Training imparted databases Maintenance of PGR preliminary evaluationPromoting germplasm use Genomic resources utilized resources conservation Germplasm registeredfor unique traits Germplasm registered Genetic/genomic Exploration of PGR Germplasm introduction Actions resources management management andHRD in PGRPGR in T management on genetic and genomic resources characterizationevaluation and supply to users characterization/ for sustainable use conservation of genetic and genomic * Fiscal resource Utilization of releasedutilizedfund Plan % 99 99 96 99 99 * Publication/ Documentation 4. Knowledge Postgraduate education 3. Information 2. Germplasm Germplasm 1. Augmentation and No. Section 3: Trend values of the success indicators Section 3: Trend S. Objectives
ANNEXURE 191 2014 2014 2014 May 16 - - Nov.2, May 2, - - -time submission Date - - -time submission Date - - of implementation % 90 implementing GRM Degree of implementation commitments in CCC % 95 Date Date Expressed Sequence Tags Expressed Sequence Deoxyribonucleic Acid Genetically Modified Organisms Human Resource Development Agricultural Research Indian Council of Intellectual Property Right Storage Long-Term Masters of Science Agricultural Research System National National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Plant Genetic Resources Doctor of Philosophy Citizens’/Clients’ Charter (CCC) ofAudit Independent implementation of Grievance Redress Degree of success inManagement (GRM) % 95 Update organizational Approval Timely submission of On strategy to align with revised priorities Implementation of agreed % of implementationmilestones of approved for Mitigating Strategies Reduction of potential risk of corruption (MSC). Implementation of agreed % of implementationmilestones for ISO 9001 Implementation ofmilestones of approved %Innovation Action Plans (lAPs) % % - 90 - 95 - - Results for 2013-2014 AcronymESTs DNA GMOs HRD Description I CAR NARS NBPGR PGR Ph.D. ` system Improved Service deliveryService Improved Audit of implementation of Ministry /Department the RFD System RFD for 20 14-20 15 Section 4 (a): Acronyms Section 4 (a): S. No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.7.8. IPR 9. 10. LTS 11. M. Sc. 12. *ofFunctioning Efficient Timely submission of Draft On * Administrative Reforms * Enhanced Transparency/ Rating from Independent
192 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 e existing make available the repository support efforts Genome resource future use PGR for present and Safe conservation of General desired germplasm to sources Collecting th diversity before being lost Provide IPR protection Safe conservation of PGR for present and future use species conservation Effective PGR management active collections resources generated, Number of genomic Genebank conserved in National Number of accessions Measurement Number of accessionsintroduced and processed To Explorations undertaken and germplasm accessions assembled Number of accessions/ Number of accessions conserved in National Genebank validated andconserved Number of accessions in biodiversity and characterized maintained users as if any,if genetic stocks registeredPGR to landraces, improvement active collections crop diversity needs conservation in National conservation in National molecular genetics/breeding. Genomic resources have several to diversity loss from traditional production areas genebank is immediate answer Ex situ Germplasm accessions in crop wild/weedy relatives,varieties, breeding lines, genetic for quarantine clearance users from exotic to be collected and safely productions Ex situ genebank is immediate answer production areas These include molecular markers, genes, gene constructs, ESTs, genomic libraries, large insert libraries etc. Germplasm characterization, and germplasm supply to activities for germplasm in future ers diverse forms as crop seed maintenance of In (i.e. in collected/ (i.e. to diversity loss from traditional tion, acquisition, ex situ ex situ bank) bank) In vitro National Genebank resources vitro Seed Genebank, Cryobank and Germplasm accessions are conserved Based on indents received from germplasm accessions are introduced missions are undertaken and crop accessions are conserved in from institutions/countries abroad and strategies ICAR/NBPGR has evolved a system of Registration will help protect the and Descriptionpest -free material after quarantineprocessing is made available to stocks, etc. are the raw materials crop in used be to landraces and their wild/weedy relatives Definition before posterity for conserved are collected from traditional production being lost from traditional areas following proper sampling providing soft-protection to trait specificsharing, benefit and IPR material developed by breeders andother researchers by its registration registered of use of out traits of interest National Genebank in Seed Genebank, Cryobank diverse indenters Based on gap analysis, explorationexisting The NARS partners and other research researchers) Initial seed multiplication of introduced germplasm with low quantity; for characterization, evaluation, maintenance as active collection, andsupply to users (breeders and are major PGR management conserved generated, validated andvalidated generated, validation and conservation of genomic uses in PGR management and conserved in clearance under LTS Success Indicator processed for quarantine 6. Genomic resources genera involve Activities 5. Regenerated accessions 1. Accessions introduced and 3 Germplasm registered 4 New accessions conserved New additions in germplasm 2 Explorations undertaken Section 4(b): Description and definition of success indicators proposed measurement methodology SI. No. 7. Germplasm characterized
ANNEXURE 193 inciples Effective PGR management PGR management requires understanding of underlying scientific germplasm in crop improvement completing their degrees Facilitating use of dissemination to PGR users in Facilitate information of genomic Number of accessions and maintained as active collections Number of training courses organized supplied to diverse users in NARS. resources used in cropping season/ annually Number of accessions weeks of regenerated, characterized PGR Number facilitate the Updation time stored germplasm be effectively used in PGR management ex situ Germplasm regeneration, active collections and germplasm Genetic markers may assist protocols, patenting of process/products, etc. patents developed/ tested activities viz. exploration/ collection; maintenance; conservation; pr quarantine processing of material under exchange require trained human resource crop improvement conducted provides scientists with various PGR management improvement of their choice of supply to users are major PGR for use for characterization, maintenance nal level are essential regeneration, characterization and tudents tudents awarded M.Sc. and Four M.Sc. and four to five Ph.D. 4-5 students are awarded Some students drop the echnologies, patents developed/echnologies, patents include conservation Technologies Number of technologies/ - Multiplication and regeneration of seed accessions are required regeneration (rejuvenation) of stored samples; initial seed multiplication collected/introduced germplasm withlow seed quantity; for characterization, management activities evaluation, maintenance as active collection, and supply to users (breeders and researchers) addressing various PGR management Trained human resources for Various the same are supplied to them in crop improvement and other biological researches Periodic updating of various PGR The PGR databases Plant Genetic Resources (PGR) for the germplasm of their interest andto needs databases and other on-linePh.D. degrees by PostgraduateSchool, IARI in the discipline of users select the desired material students are registered in the discipline each academic year. degrees each year courses mid- way without traits and improving identification ofpotentially useful genotypes insegregating populations high quality raw genetic materialsactivities related other and NBPGR headquarters and its regional for analysis and breeding stations for the benefit of breeder and by the NARS breeders in crop organized in each for exploring genetic variation, selecting other researchers in every crop season for different crops The users from NARS submit indent The e-governance services in PGR management. These are helpful management, which when properly organized (national/ international) natio at activities tested tested awarded degrees users 8. Germplasm evaluated 9. Genomic resources utilized Genomic resources have several uses 15. Trainings 14. developed/ Technologies T 12. Updation time 13. M. Sc. and Ph. D. students S 10. Field days organized Germplasm field days are organized at Material thus selected will be useddaysfield of Number - 11. Germplasm supplied to
194 ANNUAL REPORT 2015-16 not met your requirement y using indigenously assembled ers has been helpful in enhancing the 2013- 2014- 2015- 2016- Please quantify yourquantify Please requirement from this What happens if ps. 1,946 9,043 10,110 9,101 11,000 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 31,964 31,548 20,741 30,804 30,000 Unit 2012- Justification for Number 1 Number What is your requirement from this requirement this organisation Organisation is Number of germplasm Accessions under exchange processed clearance* accessions supplied to Success indicator(s) Not Applicable Relevant Success Indicator NARS using the germplasm Breeders and other researchers this outcome/ impact with the following department(s), organisation (s), ministry (ies) Jointly responsible for influencing ex situ conserved germplasm for use in introduction of genetic resources in NARS indenting the material by adopting stringent quarantinemeasures in crop improvement for quarantine users in NARS** germplasm and about 25 varieties have been developed by introduced from exotic sources. * Interception and restricting the entry of quarantine pests has resulted in averting anticipated yield losses different cro 1. Facilitating exchange/ Breeders and other researchers 2. Facilitating availability of ** Making available the desired germplasm (elite landraces, trait specific germplasm, registered etc.) to diverse us production and productivity of various crops in NARS. For example, about 100 varieties different have been developed b Section 6: Outcome/ Impact of activities Department/ Ministry S.No. Outcome/impact Section 5: Specific performance requirements from other departments that are critical for delivering agreed results Location State Organisation Organisation Type Type Name
ANNEXURE 195