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2014 Rehabilitation Monitoring Report

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2014 Rehabilitation Monitoring Report 2014 Bulga Coal Complex Rehabilitation Monitoring Report 22001144 RReehhaabbiilliittaattiioonn MMoonniittoorriinngg RReeppoorrtt for Bulga Coal Complex August 2014 Bulga Coal Management Pty Ltd Bulga Underground Operations Pty Ltd Prepared by DnA Environmental August 2014 i 2014 Bulga Coal Complex Rehabilitation Monitoring Report Disclaimer This is a report of work carried out by DnA Environmental on behalf of the Bulga Coal Management Pty Ltd and Bulga Underground Operations Pty Ltd, collectively referred to as the Bulga Coal Complex and has been prepared according to the brief provided by the client. The information contained herein is complete and correct to the best of my knowledge. The representations, statements, opinions and advice, expressed or implied in this report are produced in good faith but on the basis that DnA Environmental are not liable (whether by reason of negligence, lack of care or otherwise) to any person for any damage or loss whatsoever which has occurred or may occur in relation to that person taking or not taking (as the case may be) action in respect of any or all of the content. Signed: Dr Donna Johnston Restoration Ecologist PhD, B.App.Sc (Hons) MEIANZ Draft submitted: 1st August 2014 Reviewed by: Tom Scott (Bulga Open Cut) and Trecinda French (Bulga Underground) Final submitted: 1st September 2014 DnA Environmental 417 Mandurama Rd Mandurama NSW 2792 Ph/Fax: (02) 63 675 251 Mobile: 0408 221 922 [email protected] ABN 19 607 392 634 Acknowledgements The field surveys and resultant report were undertaken by and prepared by Dr Donna Johnston and Andrew Johnston from DnA Environmental. Stephen Shoesmith (Bulga Environment and Community Officer), Ned Stephenson (Beltana, Environment and Community Coordinator) and Nathan Lane (Beltana, Environment and Community Officer) provided technical information and assistance about the Bulga Coal Complex and rehabilitation sites. Barry Cox (Bulga Technical Officer) provided information and assistance accessing areas of the mine site during the field work period 2010 - 2012. Carbon Based Environmental were contracted to have the soil samples analysed in 2010. Tom Scott (Bulga Open Cut) and Marty Salm and Trecinda French (Bulga Underground) provided assistance for 2013 and 2014. Prepared by DnA Environmental August 2014 ii 2014 Bulga Coal Complex Rehabilitation Monitoring Report Executive summary This is a report of work carried out by DnA Environmental on behalf of Bulga Coal Management Pty Ltd and Bulga Underground Operations Pty Ltd, collectively referred to as the Bulga Coal Complex located near Singleton NSW. The primary objective of the rehabilitation monitoring program is to compare the progress of rehabilitated landforms towards fulfilling long-term landuse objectives by comparing a selection of ecological targets or completion criteria against unmined areas of remnant vegetation (reference sites) that are representative of the final landuse and vegetation assemblage. The rehabilitation monitoring program also aims to comply and be consistent with a range of conditions specified within approval documents and associated Management Plans, Glencore HSEC mine closure and rehabilitation monitoring standards and government regulations and best practice guidelines. This year, the rehabilitation monitoring program has been further revised such that it also fulfils the consent conditions and regulatory approvals associated with the submission of the Bulga Optimisation Project (BOP), the disturbance footprint associated with the BOP and the revised ESG3 Mining Operation Plans (MOP) guidelines. Specifically this rehabilitation monitoring report aims to: 1. Provide a brief history of the rehabilitation monitoring program and describes the changes that have occurred since its inception; and 2. Present the 2014 monitoring results of 11 woodland and one pasture rehabilitation site and compare their ecological progress since 2010 against relevant reference sites, also established as part of the rehabilitation monitoring program; 3. Compare the performance of the rehabilitation sites against the selection of proposed primary completion targets; and 4. Provide a range of management recommendations which will assist in achieving rehabilitation objectives and associated completion criteria targets. In 2013, BCC submitted an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for the Bulga Optimisation Project which is a proposed continuation of open cut coal mining operations at the existing Bulga Coal Complex to 2035. The underground mining operations which have been approved until 2031 will be largely unaffected by the BOP, except for the relocation of some surface facilities. A large proportion of mine rehabilitation areas at the closure of the BOP are due to the construction of the waste emplacements and visual bunds and these have been identified as being Class 6, 7 or 8 which have very low to extremely low land capability. In consultation with the local community and government the primary rehabilitation objectives of the BOP is to create sustainable woodland habitats which are generally consistent with the ecological communities that would have historically occurred in the area which include: • Central Hunter Swamp Oak Forest; • Central Hunter Grey Box - Ironbark Woodland Endangered Ecological Community (EEC); and • Central Hunter Ironbark – Spotted Gum – Grey Box Forest (EEC). With the submission of the BOP, the rehabilitation monitoring program required revision to account for the large disturbance footprint and new commitments on final rehabilitated landforms. Subsequently suitable representative examples of these vegetation types needed to be established for use as reference sites by which the rehabilitation sites will be compared. The most dominant community type to be rehabilitated on the large waste emplacements will be the Central Hunter Grey Box - Ironbark Woodland (EEC). Presently there are areas of mixed woodland and exotic pastures that have already Prepared by DnA Environmental August 2014 iii 2014 Bulga Coal Complex Rehabilitation Monitoring Report been rehabilitated on the waste emplacements/rehabilitation areas, with some areas of the EEC community having been rehabilitated within the last two years. Subsequently in the short-term transition period there are areas of woodland rehabilitation which will be required to meet ecological targets of the EEC woodland, as well as a small number of exotic pasture areas, which will now be compared to ecological targets geared for a derived native grassland. There were currently no riparian rehabilitation areas, but these will be undertaken during the progressive development of the BOP. Where possible, existing reference sites or ecological monitoring sites were considered for use as reference sites to reduce monitoring effort, but in most cases ecological sites were subjected to subsidence, were not in suitable condition or will be disturbed during the life of the BOP. In most cases this resulted in the establishment of new reference sites. Data obtained from these reference sites quantified the range of performance indicators and resulting ecological targets in each respective monitoring year. The reference sites were situated on land owned by the BCC and these were spread out where possible to maximise the spatial distribution and subsequent variations in community composition across the local landscape, but were not situated in areas of subsidence or in known disturbance areas. The rehabilitation sites largely occurred on various waste emplacements including North Blakefield (NB), South Blakefield (SB) and the Southern Extension (SE). Some rehabilitation sites were situated on areas subjected to subsidence repair (BEL5) and one was situated on the old [Beltana] tailings dam (BEL3). Past monitoring also included one riparian restoration projects but this site is situated within the proposed disturbance footprint. Rehabilitation monitoring sites were considered to be representative of the rehabilitation project as a whole or were similar to and representative of other areas of rehabilitation. This year there were 11 woodland rehabilitation monitoring sites and one pasture rehabilitation site. A range of ecological data were obtained using several key monitoring methodologies including Landscape Function Analyses (LFA), accredited soil analyses and an assessment of ecosystem characteristics using an adaptation of methodologies derived by CSIRO Grassy woodland Benchmarking project. The methodology used has been consistent over the past four years, however the monitoring quadrat was reduced to 20 x 20m which may result in a reduction in total floristic diversity targets this year. The rehabilitation monitoring has been undertaken during June – July in all monitoring years and this year the field work was undertaken during 10 – 17th June by Dr Donna Johnston and Andrew Johnston (DnA Environmental). The periods of extreme and prolonged dry conditions experienced over the past few years are likely to have had a significant impact on the composition and diversity of the vegetation communities, with the poorer growing conditions combined with increased disturbance and total grazing pressure having an adverse effect on the remnant native vegetation as well as rehabilitation areas. Rainfall received in autumn this year however has resulted in an increase in plant growth and initiated a flush of annual species with these seasonal conditions being reflected in the monitoring data. Performance of the woodland rehabilitation
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