Chapter 4 Pedogeomorphic Relations Within the Basin
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A ABN Sil College 27 Azamabad Tea Estate 98 Absentee of Rajbangsi
Index A ABN Sil College 27 Azamabad Tea Estate 98 Absentee of Rajbangsi Entrepreneurship 112 – 114 B A.C. Sen 130,141 Badal Bhattacharya 181 A.C. Teachers Training College 155 Bagdogra Tea Estate 230 Actor Chabi Biswas 206 Baikanthapur Tea Co. Ltd. 26 Agragami, Jalpaiguri 161 Balak Sangit Group, Jalpaiguri 169 Alipurduar College 162 Bandhab Natya Samaj, Jalpaiguri 150 Alipurduar Tea Co. Ltd. 84 B.C. Ghosh 63, 135, 147, 160, 167 Alipurduar New Town High School 162 Benimadhab Mitra 20, 96 Aluabari Tea Estate 18 Begam Ramimennesha 163 Alimabad Tea Estate 64 Beharilal Ganguly 29, 46 Altadanga Tea Estate 58 Bengal Dooars National Tea Co. Ltd. 31, 67, 68 Amitava Pal Chaudhury 182 Bengal Dooars Bank Ltd. 175 Amiya Banerjee 49, 199 Bengali Association of Darjeeling 185 Amiya Pal Chaudhury 182 Bengali festival in Hill Durga Puja 185 AnandaChandraCollege155 Bengali Tea Garden Babus 30, 31 Anandapur Tea estate 28, 65 Begam Fayzannecha 156 Ananda Chandra Rahut 65, 154 Bhabakinkar Banerjee 79 Annada Charan Sen 24, 68 Bhabanipur Tea Co. Ltd. 76 Andrew Yule & Co. 109 Bhagwan Chandra Bose 58 Anjuman Tea Co. Ltd. 27, 61, 129 Bhojnarayan Tea Estate 28, 35, 99 Arya Natya Samaj, Jalpaiguri 132, 148 – 50, Bipro Das Pal Chaudhury 50, 183, 184 Ashapur Tea Co. Ltd. 77, 100 Bijaynagar Tea Co. Ltd. 104 Ashok Prasad Ray 76, 174 Bijay Basanta Bose 138 Atiabari Tea Co. Ltd. 63, 134 Binay Kumar Dutta 103 302 Biraj Kumar Banerjee 64, 80, 133, 207 Debijhora T.E. 109 BLF System 250 Dharanipur T.E. 90 Brahmaputra Tea Co. -
The Land in Gorkhaland on the Edges of Belonging in Darjeeling, India
The Land in Gorkhaland On the Edges of Belonging in Darjeeling, India SARAH BESKY Department of Anthropology and Watson Institute for International and Public Affairs, Brown University, USA Abstract Darjeeling, a district in the Himalayan foothills of the Indian state of West Bengal, is a former colonial “hill station.” It is world famous both as a destination for mountain tour- ists and as the source of some of the world’s most expensive and sought-after tea. For deca- des, Darjeeling’s majority population of Indian-Nepalis, or Gorkhas, have struggled for sub- national autonomy over the district and for the establishment of a separate Indian state of “Gorkhaland” there. In this article, I draw on ethnographic fieldwork conducted amid the Gorkhaland agitation in Darjeeling’s tea plantations and bustling tourist town. In many ways, Darjeeling is what Val Plumwood calls a “shadow place.” Shadow places are sites of extraction, invisible to centers of political and economic power yet essential to the global cir- culation of capital. The existence of shadow places troubles the notion that belonging can be “singularized” to a particular location or landscape. Building on this idea, I examine the encounters of Gorkha tea plantation workers, students, and city dwellers with landslides, a crumbling colonial infrastructure, and urban wildlife. While many analyses of subnational movements in India characterize them as struggles for land, I argue that in sites of colonial and capitalist extraction like hill stations, these struggles with land are equally important. In Darjeeling, senses of place and belonging are “edge effects”:theunstable,emergentresults of encounters between materials, species, and economies. -
Village & Town Directory ,Darjiling , Part XIII-A, Series-23, West Bengal
CENSUS OF INDIA 1981 SERmS 23 'WEST BENGAL DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK PART XIll-A VILLAGE & TO"WN DIRECTORY DARJILING DISTRICT S.N. GHOSH o-f the Indian Administrative Service._ DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS WEST BENGAL · Price: (Inland) Rs. 15.00 Paise: (Foreign) £ 1.75 or 5 $ 40 Cents. PuBLISHED BY THB CONTROLLER. GOVERNMENT PRINTING, WEST BENGAL AND PRINTED BY MILl ART PRESS, 36. IMDAD ALI LANE, CALCUTTA-700 016 1988 CONTENTS Page Foreword V Preface vn Acknowledgement IX Important Statistics Xl Analytical Note 1-27 (i) Census ,Concepts: Rural and urban areas, Census House/Household, Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, Literates, Main Workers, Marginal Workers, N on-Workers (ii) Brief history of the District Census Handbook (iii) Scope of Village Directory and Town Directory (iv) Brief history of the District (v) Physical Aspects (vi) Major Characteristics (vii) Place of Religious, Historical or Archaeological importance in the villages and place of Tourist interest (viii) Brief analysis of the Village and Town Directory data. SECTION I-VILLAGE DIRECTORY 1. Sukhiapokri Police Station (a) Alphabetical list of villages 31 (b) Village Directory Statement 32 2. Pulbazar Police Station (a) Alphabetical list of villages 37 (b) Village Directory Statement 38 3. Darjiling Police Station (a) Alphabetical list of villages 43 (b) Village Directory Statement 44 4. Rangli Rangliot Police Station (a) Alphabetical list of villages 49- (b) Village Directory Statement 50. 5. Jore Bungalow Police Station (a) Alphabetical list of villages 57 (b), Village Directory Statement 58. 6. Kalimpong Poliee Station (a) Alphabetical list of viI1ages 62 (b)' Village Directory Statement 64 7. Garubatban Police Station (a) Alphabetical list of villages 77 (b) Village Directory Statement 78 [ IV ] Page 8. -
Darjeeling Himalayan Railway
ISSUE ONE Darjeeling Himalayan Railway - a brief description Locomotive availability News from the line Chunbhati loop 1943 Birth of the Darjeeling Railway Agony Point, sometime around the 1930's Chunbhati loop - an early view Above the clouds Darjeeling Himalayan Railway Society ISSUE TWO News from the line Darjeeling, past and present Darjeeling station Streamliner Himalayan Mysteries The Causeway Incident Tour to the DHR A Way Forward ISSUE THREE News from the line To Darjeeling - February 98 Locomotive numbers Timetable Vacuum Brakes To Darjeeling in 1966 Darjeeling or Bust Covered Wagons ISSUE FOUR Report: Visit to India in September 1998 Going Loopy (part 1) Loop No1 Loop No2 Chunbhati loop Streamliner (part 2) Jervis Bay Darjeeling's history To School in Darjeeling ISSUE FIVE News from the line Going Loopy (part 2) Batasia loop Gradient profile Riyang station Zigzag No1 In Search of the Darjeeling Tanks Gillanders Arbuthnot & Co Tank Wagon ISSUE SIX News from the line Repairing the breach Going Loopy (part 3) Loop No2 Zigzag No1 to No 6 Tour - the DHRS Measuring a railway curve David Barrie Bullhead rail ISSUE SEVEN News from the line First impressions Bogies Bogie drawing New Jalpaiguri Locomotive and carriage sheds New Jalpaiguri Depot Going Loopy (part 4) Witch of Ghoom Colliery Engines Buffing gear ISSUE EIGHT May 2000 celebrations News from the line Best Kept Station Competition Impressions of Darjeeling - Mary Stickland Tindharia (part1) Tindharia Works Garratt at Chunbhati Going Loopy – Postscript In And Around Darjeeling -
Imaging the Landscape Experience of Darjeeling
NEPAL BHUTAN SIKKIM BHUTAN KALIMPONG II DARJEELING PULBAZAR RANGLI GORUBATHAN RANGLIOT KALIMPONG BIHAR JOREBUNGALOW SUKIAPOKHRI BANGLADESH KURSEONG LOCATION MIRIK NEPAL e history of development of hill stations in India during colonial period dates back to the nineteenth century, when due to establishment of Railways, JHARKHAND MATIGARA NAXALBARI JALPAIGURI British sought to inhabit these cooler areas in the harsh summer. Situated in the Eastern Himalayan belt, a similar hill station, Darjeeling gained popularity PHANSIDEWA KHARIBARI both in India and abroad as a tourist destination. is was facilitated by the commencement of Darjeeling Himalayan Railway between Siliguri, in the plains of Bengal to the hills of Darjeeling. Although intended to support the thriving Tea industry, the DHR soon became one of the most celebrated and BANGLADESH BIHAR ORISSA NEPAL acclaimed train journeys in the world. e toy train chugs along the hill side oering a variety of landscape experiences taking the passenger from the heat of the plains to the bracing mountain air. 3 0 0 ! 12 Darjeeling 00 0 SIGNIFICANT ISSUE 150 But in the post-independent scenario, it witnessed many challenges. With change in ownership, faster and ecient modes of transport and the recurring landslides, the toy train became less preferred and insolvent. Ghum 0 20 Manibhanjan Ridge Senchal 1 2100 6 e land-use changes altered the landscape experience that the DHR once boasted. With lesser travellers and obsolete engineering structure, the railway 00 2400 6 seems to have lost its value, and association with the community. e places and landmarks that narrated the glorious past of the railway were soon forgot- Tiger Hill 0 00 0 ten, and the need to conserve the heritage was realised. -
A Case Study of the Tea Plantation Industry in Himalayan and Sub - Himalayan Region of Bengal (1879 – 2000)
RISE AND FALL OF THE BENGALI ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A CASE STUDY OF THE TEA PLANTATION INDUSTRY IN HIMALAYAN AND SUB - HIMALAYAN REGION OF BENGAL (1879 – 2000) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL FOR THE AWARD OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY BY SUPAM BISWAS GUIDE Dr. SHYAMAL CH. GUHA ROY CO – GUIDE PROFESSOR ANANDA GOPAL GHOSH DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL 2015 JULY DECLARATION I declare that the thesis entitled RISE AND FALL OF THE BENGALI ENTREPRENEURSHIP: A CASE STUDY OF THE TEA PLANTATION INDUSTRY IN HIMALAYAN AND SUB - HIMALAYAN REGION OF BENGAL (1879 – 2000) has been prepared by me under the guidance of DR. Shyamal Ch. Guha Roy, Retired Associate Professor, Dept. of History, Siliguri College, Dist – Darjeeling and co – guidance of Retired Professor Ananda Gopal Ghosh , Dept. of History, University of North Bengal. No part of this thesis has formed the basis for the award of any degree or fellowship previously. Supam Biswas Department of History North Bengal University, Raja Rammuhanpur, Dist. Darjeeling, West Bengal. Date: 18.06.2015 Abstract Title Rise and Fall of The Bengali Entrepreneurship: A Case Study of The Tea Plantation Industry In Himalayan and Sub Himalayan Region of Bengal (1879 – 2000) The ownership and control of the tea planting and manufacturing companies in the Himalayan and sub – Himalayan region of Bengal were enjoyed by two communities, to wit the Europeans and the Indians especially the Bengalis migrated from various part of undivided Eastern and Southern Bengal. In the true sense the Europeans were the harbinger in this field. Assam by far the foremost region in tea production was closely followed by Bengal whose tea producing areas included the hill areas and the plains of the Terai in Darjeeling district, the Dooars in Jalpaiguri district and Chittagong. -
Darjeeling.Pdf
0 CONTENT 1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................ Pg. 1-2 2. DISTRICT PROFILE ……………………………………………………………………….. Pg. 3- 4 3. HISTORY OF DISASTER ………………………………………………………………… Pg. 5 - 8 4. DO’S & DON’T’S ………………………………………………………………………….. Pg. 9 – 10 5. TYPES OF HAZARDS……………………………………………………………………… Pg. 11 6. DISTRICT LEVEL & LINE DEPTT. CONTACTS ………….……………………….. Pg. 12 -18 7. SUB-DIVISION, BLOCK LEVEL PROFILE & CONTACTS …………………….. Pg. 19 – 90 8. LIST OF SAR EQUIPMENTS.............................................................. Pg. 91 - 92 1 INTRODUCTION Nature offers every thing to man. It sustains his life. Man enjoys the beauties of nature and lives on them. But he also becomes a victim of the fury of nature. Natural calamities like famines and floods take a heavy toll of human life and property. Man seems to have little chance in fighting against natural forces. The topography of the district of Darjeeling is such that among the four sub-divisions, three sub-divisions are located in the hills where disasters like landslides, landslip, road blockade are often occurred during monsoon. On the other side, in the Siliguri Sub-Division which lies in the plain there is possibility of flood due to soil erosion/ embankment and flash flood. As district of Darjeeling falls under Seismic Zone IV the probability of earthquake cannot be denied. Flood/ cyclone/ landslide often trouble men. Heavy rains results in rivers and banks overflowing causing damage on a large scale. Unrelenting rains cause human loss. In a hilly region like Darjeeling district poor people do not have well constructed houses especially in rural areas. Because of incessant rains houses collapse and kill people. Rivers and streams overflow inundating large areas. Roads and footpaths are sub merged under water. -
Chapter Vi Landslide As an Agent of Rayeng Basin Degradation
CHAPTER VI LANDSLIDE AS AN AGENT OF RAYENG BASIN DEGRADATION 6.0 Scenario of landslides The landslides are one of the significant types of natural hazards. Massive landslides make trouncing of both creature existence and assets. Yet, people livelihood in the mountainous regions is habituated to survive with such events. With the augmented tourism over the precedent few decades, residential areas have been make bigger over mountainous slopes, which of course necessitate new communication system. This disturbs the usual slopes and an environment of the mountainous regions, in that way greater than ever susceptibility to landslide happening. Geomorphic studies of landslides take account of the assessment of vulnerability and causes responsible behind occurrences. Landslides are the most significant disparaging geomorphic process accountable for degradation of Rayeng Basin. Throughout intense rainfall, the weathering process is accelerated reducing schists and mudstones into silts and fine sands, and succeeding failure of these fine materials triggers landslides in the Rayeng Basin. 6.1 Methodology of study Study of" landslides of the basin incorporate, recognition of affected areas based on the field study and secondary data from earlier study. Intensive study has been made on the factors associated to landslides such as geology, slope angles, soil, climatic condition, hydrologic conditions, vegetation, and last but not the least i.e. human interferences in the basin. In this milieu, topographical maps, geological map, satellite imageries of the basin have been studied intensively. Meteorological data are collected. On the basis of several factors an effort has been made to prepare a landslides susceptible zones map of the study area. -
Tea Time with Fine Wine of Darjeeling
AMBOOTIA MADE IN INDIA he hill station of Darjeeling of Darjeeling tea—be it for the quality, on the foothills of the flavour and depth of their range, the Himalayas, also known sustainable practices being followed by Tea Time with Fine Wine of as Queen of the Hills, has them or their reputation for reviving Darjeeling Tea been a favoured summer sick tea estates. • Darjeeling tea has a unique Muscatel Tretreat since the days of the British Raj. According to Bansal, the tea garden flavour favoured by connoisseurs. Darjeeling promises a number of exotic model basically depends on leveraging • Darjeeling produces around 10 million and enthralling experiences that would two critical and long term factors of kg of tea annually. stay with you for a lifetime—a ride in production—land and workers. He • Ambootia Tea Estate produces 180,000 kg the toy train, the view of the sunrise firmly believes that if tea gardens don’t of tea annually. over the Kanchenjunga from Tiger Hill, do well, the reason generally is bad • First Flush Darjeeling tea is grown in a walk across the Chowrasta, a treat of entrepreneurship or bad management. mid-March. The spring variety of tea is hot chocolate at Keventer’s, a visit to the If both these factors of production are a connoisseur’s must have. It has light Buddhist monastery at Ghoom and cared for, the tea estate business is quite green colour, light floral or earthy flavour of course, a visit to any of its mystical lucrative in the long run. and is mildly astringent. -
Chapters Water Resource of the Balason Basin 8.1
CHAPTERS WATER RESOURCE OF THE BALASON BASIN 8.1 Introduction The river Balason, originating from Lepchajagat at an elevation of 2416 m, flows through the district of Darjeeling, is noteworthy for its erosional and depositional hazards, causing occasional flood in its lower catchment The discharge of the river at Matigara, varies from a negligible amount of 0.409 cumecs during the dry season (March - April) to a high of over 940 m^/second during the rainy season (July-August). The mean annual sediment discharge is very high and it was estimated to be 87365 metric tons. The mean annual rainfell in the catchment area is 3359.81 mm, based on long-term average data of 22 rainfall recording stations situated within the catchment area. The Balason basin is unable to hold back water due to excessive deforestation, overgrazing and extensive unscientific agricultural use of land in its catchment area. As a result, most of the precipitated water goes down the slope, giving rise to severe soil erosion and landslips. The amount of load transported not only provides an indication of the rate of mechanical denudation in a basin, but also has wider implications for the economic management of the fluvial system. The river is incompetent to cope with the enormous amount of debris load that is transported to its lower course during the monsoon months (June-September). All these processes themselves generate certain responses within the river channel. Flooding is thus, the result of the continuous set of possible responses within the fluvial system. On the other hand, during the non-monsoon months (November to April) negligible amount of water flows through the narrow braided channel and this paucity of water hinders the local people from reaping any benefit out of the soil in a)njunction to the river itself. -
Revenue District : ALMORA Sub-Division: ALMORA Plantation District ALMORA
Tea Board Of India Licensing Department New Registrations Granted To Tea - Manufacturing Units During From : 01/01/0984 To : 02/05/2008 Date : 02/05/2008 Page 1 of 116 Revenue District : ALMORA Sub-Division: ALMORA Plantation District ALMORA: Registration Registration Manufacturing Unit Company Name File Number Type of Unit Annual Central Number Date Name Capacity Excise Zone RC-1664 05/09/2002 UTTARANCHAL TEA UTTARANCHAL TEA 8(15)/LC/RC-16 Bought Leaf Factory 2,00,000.000 FACTORY COMPANY PVT.LTD. Revenue District : ANDHRA PRADESH Sub-Division: ANDHRA PRADESH Plantation District ANDHRA: PRADESH Registration Registration Manufacturing Unit Company Name File Number Type of Unit Annual Central Number Date Name Capacity Excise Zone RC-1865 08/05/2007 SOUTHERN CITRUS SOUTHERN CITRUS 8(15)/LC/RC-18 Instant Tea Factory 1,00,000.000 PRODUCTS (P) LTD. PRODUCTS PVT. LTD. (I.T.F.) Revenue District : ANDHRA PRADESH Sub-Division: Darjeeling Plantation District Darjeeling: Registration Registration Manufacturing Unit Company Name File Number Type of Unit Annual Central Number Date Name Capacity Excise Zone RC-742 01/08/1984 SOURENI TEA SOURENI PLANTATION 8(15)/LC/RC-74 Garden Factory 1,25,000.000 III ESTATE (P) LTD Revenue District : ARUNACHAL PRADESH Sub-Division: Arunachal Pradesh Plantation District Arunachal: Pradesh Registration Registration Manufacturing Unit Company Name File Number Type of Unit Annual Central Number Date Name Capacity Excise Zone RC-1765 24/01/2005 MOULING TEA MOULING TEA 8(15)/LC/RC-17 Bought Leaf Factory 1,00,000.000 FACTORY(B.L.F.) PROCESSORS. RC-1864 16/04/2007 SIRU RIJO TEA SIRU RIJO TEA CO. -
Annual Report of Darjeeling Ladenla Road Prerna
1 D a r j e e l i n g L a d e n l a R o a d P r e r n a ANNUAL REPORT 2005 – 2006 Vision Statement Darjeeling Ladenla Road Prerna believes in a world that sees the need to live as one family where the environment is preserved and protected, where conscious efforts are made to remove unjust structures while striving to build a just and humane society. Mission statement Our mission is to build sustainable human communities in the Darjeeling hills and the adjoining areas by promoting peoples participation, gender equality and living in harmony with the environment. Goals 1. To promote, facilitate and strengthen people’s organisations. 2. To promote organic agriculture and appropriate technology 3.To undertake Development and Environment Education with educational institutions and community based organisations. 4. To provide support to other organisations. 5. To undertake research, development and dissemination on developmental issues pertinent to the Darjeeling hills. Activities of Darjeeling Ladenla Road Prerna. I.Community Development of Harsing, Dabaipani and Yangkhoo Busties Proposed Sanjukta Vikas Co-operative (SVC), Harsing, Dabaipani and Yangkhoo Busties, an outcome of planning by the people and DLR Prerna in 1996 is an organisation with 455 families as members. Harsing, Dabaipani and Yangkhoo Busties lie on the Lebong Spur of the Darjeeling-Jalapahar Range, of Bijanbari Block, Darjeeling. ACTIVITIES: a. Milk co-operative and consumer co-operative shop b. Self help groups with bank linkage for savings and credit c. 24 452 kg @ Rs. 27/- kg at the source, organic green leaf tea was sold by SVC to Tea Promoters of India Private Limited.