Modern References to Greek Mythology
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Hesiod Theogony.Pdf
Hesiod (8th or 7th c. BC, composed in Greek) The Homeric epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, are probably slightly earlier than Hesiod’s two surviving poems, the Works and Days and the Theogony. Yet in many ways Hesiod is the more important author for the study of Greek mythology. While Homer treats cer- tain aspects of the saga of the Trojan War, he makes no attempt at treating myth more generally. He often includes short digressions and tantalizes us with hints of a broader tra- dition, but much of this remains obscure. Hesiod, by contrast, sought in his Theogony to give a connected account of the creation of the universe. For the study of myth he is im- portant precisely because his is the oldest surviving attempt to treat systematically the mythical tradition from the first gods down to the great heroes. Also unlike the legendary Homer, Hesiod is for us an historical figure and a real per- sonality. His Works and Days contains a great deal of autobiographical information, in- cluding his birthplace (Ascra in Boiotia), where his father had come from (Cyme in Asia Minor), and the name of his brother (Perses), with whom he had a dispute that was the inspiration for composing the Works and Days. His exact date cannot be determined with precision, but there is general agreement that he lived in the 8th century or perhaps the early 7th century BC. His life, therefore, was approximately contemporaneous with the beginning of alphabetic writing in the Greek world. Although we do not know whether Hesiod himself employed this new invention in composing his poems, we can be certain that it was soon used to record and pass them on. -
UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Homer's Roads Not Taken
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA Los Angeles Homer’s Roads Not Taken Stories and Storytelling in the Iliad and Odyssey A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Classics by Craig Morrison Russell 2013 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Homer’s Roads Not Taken Stories and Storytelling in the Iliad and Odyssey by Craig Morrison Russell Doctor of Philosophy in Classics University of California, Los Angeles, 2013 Professor Alex C. Purves, Chair This dissertation is a consideration of how narratives in the Iliad and Odyssey find their shapes. Applying insights from scholars working in the fields of narratology and oral poetics, I consider moments in Homeric epic when characters make stories out of their lives and tell them to each other. My focus is on the concept of “creativity” — the extent to which the poet and his characters create and alter the reality in which they live by controlling the shape of the reality they mould in their storytelling. The first two chapters each examine storytelling by internal characters. In the first chapter I read Achilles’ and Agamemnon’s quarrel as a set of competing attempts to create the authoritative narrative of the situation the Achaeans find themselves in, and Achilles’ retelling of the quarrel to Thetis as part of the move towards the acceptance of his version over that of Agamemnon or even the Homeric Narrator that occurs over the course of the epic. In the second chapter I consider the constant storytelling that [ii ] occurs at the end of the Odyssey as a competition between the families of Odysseus and the suitors to control the narrative that will be created out of Odysseus’s homecoming. -
Ramachandrananjali Thesis War-And-Women 2020 Redacted.Pdf
ABSTRACT Author: Anjali Ramachandran, B.A. Plan II Honors and B.S.A Biochemistry Title: War and Women: An Analysis of Athena’s Martial Role in Greek Mythology Supervisor: Dr. Todd Curtis Second Reader: Dr. Carol MacKay This thesis explores the mythical and sociocultural justification for the worship of war goddesses by patriarchal societies, using the Greek goddess of war, Athena, as the main point of analysis. The analysis will consist of a broad overview of Athena’s association with warfare, as seen in ancient Greek poetry, prose, and histories. Athena’s major function in myth is to strengthen and support the Greek state and its institutions. This idea is reflected heavily in how she chooses to use her warlike character to ultimately protect Greek society and its traditions. For contextualization, this thesis also includes chapters on mortal women in Greek myth who participate in warfare and the actual historical roles for Greek women during the Archaic and Classical Ages. The chapter on mortal warlike women opens a discussion on mortal and immortal femininity, and how immortality allows goddesses more freedom to transgress into male-dominated realms of activity. The chapter on historical Greek women provides sociocultural information that is used to draw connections between female roles in society and Athena’s role in myth. To further broaden the scope of this work, a final chapter on war goddesses in other mythologies is included. This overview contextualizes Athena’s characterization with that of war goddesses in other mythologies, including Freyja and the Valkyries in Norse myth, Sekhmet and Bastet in Egyptian myth, and Durga in Hindu myth. -
Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities (2010)
Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities AMERICAN PHILOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION american classical studies volume 54 Series Editor Kathryn J. Gutzwiller Studies in Classical History and Society Meyer Reinhold Sextus Empiricus The Transmission and Recovery of Pyrrhonism Luciano Floridi The Augustan Succession An Historical Commentary on Cassius Dio’s Roman History Books 55 56 (9 B.C. A.D. 14) Peter Michael Swan Greek Mythography in the Roman World Alan Cameron Virgil Recomposed The Mythological and Secular Centos in Antiquity Scott McGill Representing Agrippina Constructions of Female Power in the Early Roman Empire Judith Ginsburg Figuring Genre in Roman Satire Catherine Keane Homer’s Cosmic Fabrication Choice and Design in the Iliad Bruce Heiden Hyperides Funeral Oration Judson Herrman Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities The Sacred Laws of Selinus and Cyrene Noel Robertson Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities The Sacred Laws of Selinus and Cyrene NOEL ROBERTSON 1 2010 3 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright q 2010 by the American Philological Association Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. -
Recapturing a Homeric Legacy
Hellenic Studies 35 Recapturing a Homeric Legacy Images and Insights From the Venetus A Manuscript of the Iliad Other Titles in the Hellenic Studies Series Plato’s Rhapsody and Homer’s Music The Poetics of the Panathenaic Festival in Classical Athens Labored in Papyrus Leaves Perspectives on an Epigram Collection Attributed to Posidippus (P.Mil.Vogl. VIII 309) Helots and Their Masters in Laconia and Messenia Histories, Ideologies, Structures Recapturing a Archilochos Heros The Cult of Poets in the Greek Polis Master of the Game Competition and Performance in Greek Poetry Homeric Legacy Greek Ritual Poetics edited by Casey Dué Black Doves Speak Herodotus and the Languages of Barbarians Pointing at the Past From Formula to Performance in Homeric Poetics Homeric Conversation The Life and Miracles of Thekla Victim of the Muses Poet as Scapegoat, Warrior and Hero in Greco-Roman and Indo-European Myth and History Amphoterōglossia A Poetics of the Twelfth Century Medieval Greek Novel Priene (second edition) Plato’s Symposium Issues in Interpretation and Reception Poetic and Performative Memory in Ancient Greece Heroic Reference and Ritual Gestures in Time and Space http://chs.harvard.edu/chs/publications Center for Hellenic Studies Trustees for Harvard University Washington, D.C. Distributed by Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England 2009 Recapturing a Homeric Legacy : Images and Insights From the Venetus A Manuscript of the Iliad Edited by Casey Dué Copyright © 2009 Center for Hellenic Studies, Trustees for Harvard University All Rights Reserved. Published by Center for Hellenic Studies, Trustees for Harvard University, Washington, D.C. Distributed by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England Printed in Ann Arbor, MI by Edwards Brothers, Inc. -
For a Falcon
New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology Introduction by Robert Graves CRESCENT BOOKS NEW YORK New Larousse Encyclopedia of Mythology Translated by Richard Aldington and Delano Ames and revised by a panel of editorial advisers from the Larousse Mvthologie Generate edited by Felix Guirand and first published in France by Auge, Gillon, Hollier-Larousse, Moreau et Cie, the Librairie Larousse, Paris This 1987 edition published by Crescent Books, distributed by: Crown Publishers, Inc., 225 Park Avenue South New York, New York 10003 Copyright 1959 The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited New edition 1968 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the permission of The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited. ISBN 0-517-00404-6 Printed in Yugoslavia Scan begun 20 November 2001 Ended (at this point Goddess knows when) LaRousse Encyclopedia of Mythology Introduction by Robert Graves Perseus and Medusa With Athene's assistance, the hero has just slain the Gorgon Medusa with a bronze harpe, or curved sword given him by Hermes and now, seated on the back of Pegasus who has just sprung from her bleeding neck and holding her decapitated head in his right hand, he turns watch her two sisters who are persuing him in fury. Beneath him kneels the headless body of the Gorgon with her arms and golden wings outstretched. From her neck emerges Chrysor, father of the monster Geryon. Perseus later presented the Gorgon's head to Athene who placed it on Her shield. -
Greek Mythology / Apollodorus; Translated by Robin Hard
Great Clarendon Street, Oxford 0X2 6DP Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Athens Auckland Bangkok Bogotá Buenos Aires Calcutta Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Florence Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Paris São Paulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto Warsaw with associated companies in Berlin Ibadan Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Robin Hard 1997 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published as a World’s Classics paperback 1997 Reissued as an Oxford World’s Classics paperback 1998 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organizations. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Apollodorus. [Bibliotheca. English] The library of Greek mythology / Apollodorus; translated by Robin Hard. -
The Eleusinian Mysteries of Demeter and Persephone Part 2
40 Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion Keller: Fertility, Sexuality, and Rebirth 41 Persephone gathers three sheaves of wheat and three poppies, their own actions the fertility of the Earth. This magic probably included takes the torch Demeter has prepared for her, and begins her descent invocations, singing, dancing and lovemaking, the people celebrating their down into a deep chasm into the underworld. After a long journey, own sexuality in harmony with the creative powers of nature, as natural, she comes to a place where many spirits are milling about, moaning. human and divine. A story related by Homer in the Odyssey tells of the She moves among them, and after preparing an altar, she beckons them to her, saying, “If you come to me, I will initiate you into your EartWGrain Mother making love with Iason of Crete: new world.” As each spirit approaches, she embraces the form and So too fair-haired Demeter once in the spring looks deeply into the eyes, saying: “You have waxed into the fullness did yield of life, and waned into darkness, may you be renewed in peace and To love, and with Iason lay in a new-ploughed wisdom.” field. After several months, Persephone decides she will return again . to the upper world. Her mother Demeter has grown sorrodul, her In Homer’s poetry, Demeter yielded not to Iason, but to her own feelings of bountiful energies departing from the earth, leaving it barren, with love, an experience conveyed by the word thoicnios, one word translated as no crops growing to feed the humans. -
Athena Tritogeneia, Poseidon's Trident And
ATHENA TRITOGENEIA , POSEIDON ’S TRIDENT AND EARLY SACRED TRINITY DMITRI PANCHENKO Saint-Petersburg State University; Higher School of Economics in Saint-Petersburg [email protected] ABSTRACT . The name Tritogeneia likely means ‘born of the Third’, this Third one being the supreme god, the Most High. Poseidon (at least Poseidon Helikonios) was once such a god. He was the lord of the water that descended from heaven and a deity closely asso- ciated with the celestial pole. His trident is the symbol that indicates his celestial nature, and this symbol developed from a previous one – a raised hand with three fingers. This number of fingers signified the similarity with the dwellers of the sky – the birds, with their three toes in front. KEYWORDS : Athena, Tritogeneia, Poseidon, trident, triads, mythology . Athena is repeatedly called Τριτογένεια in Homeric poems ( Il . 4. 515; 8. 39; 22. 183; Od. 3. 378), in Hesiod ( Theog . 895; 924) and elsewhere. One may wonder whether Homer and Hesiod were aware of the meaning of the epithet they used, but one confidently concludes that the later Greeks were not. This follows from the varie- ty of interpretations suggested in antiquity. To be sure, there was common agreement that the second part of the word meant ‘born’. Concerning the first part, two main ideas were current. Some derived it from τρίτο̋, ‘third’, the others from the names Τρίτων or Τριτωνί̋ , identified either with a lake in Libya or with a stream in Boeotia or Thessaly or elsewhere. Both versions figured already in the authors of the fifth century BC. The cata- logue of Democritus’ works composed by Thrasylus included the title Τριτογένεια, “so called because three things, on which all human things depend, come from her” (D.L. -
Homer's Odyssey (1911)
HOMERS ODTSSET HOMER'S ODYSSEY " Flashing she fell to the earth from THE GLITTERING HEIGHTS OF OlYMI - Eco HOMER'S ODYSSEY A LINE^FOR-LINE TRANSLATION IN THE METRE OF THE ORIGINAL BY H, B, COTTERILL M.A. EDITOR OF "SELECTIONS FROM THE INFERNO" GOETHE'S "1PHIGENIE" MILTON'S " AREOPAGITICA " MORE'S "UTOPIA" VIRGIL'S "AENE1D" I & VI ETC WITH TWENTY-FOUR ILLUSTRATIONS BY PATTEN WILSON %c I 4 y LONDON : GEORGE G. HARRAP & COMPANY 9 PORTSMOUTH STREET KINGSWAY W.C. MCMXI PRINTED BY BALLANTYNE & COMPANY LTD AT THE BALLANTYNE PRESS TAVISTOCK ST. COVENT GARDEN LONDON TO MY WIFE AND DAUGHTER AND TO ALL THOSE WHOSE LOVE FOR HOMER AND FOR WHATEVER ELSE IN ART IS TRUE AND BEAUTI- FUL GAVE ME THE COURAGE TO UNDERTAKE AND THE ENDURANCE TO COMPLETE THIS VERSION OF THE ODYSSEY * dvr<o "Hroi /xef ttoX\o>v embevofiai dXAd fioi aef-ovatv ii >* i 6(oi, a> "Epyuv fi'if t entfiifJivu). PREFACE 'N his Lectures on Translating Homer Matthew Arnold advises the translator to Preface have nothing to do with side questions—such as the question whether Homer ever existed. I should rather say that, however much interest he may take in antiquarian, or philological, or other side questions, it is best for him to give .a wide berth to theoretics and polemics. Indeed, if the translator is one who ' fulfils Matthew Arnold's requirements by reading Homer perpetually for the ' sake of his poetry — if he has experienced the happiness of long and continuous intimacy with what is so beautiful and so restful—he will shrink with pain the Babel of feel from and the acrimony literary disputation, and will much inclined to say nothing at all, knowing full well that, whatever he may say or may leave unsaid, his work will have to speak for itself. -
Hesiod, Theogony
Hesiod, Theogony Muses of Helicon, let us begin our song with them, who hold the great and holy mountain of Helicon, and around its violet-like spring and altar of exceedingly strong Kronios, dance on dainty feet, and who, after bathing their soft skin in the Permessos 5 or the spring of the Horse or holy Olmeios on the peak of Helicon, form their dances, beautiful dances that arouse desire, and they move erotically. From Helicon they rise up veiled in a deep mist and walk through the night, sending forth their voice most beautiful, 10 hymning aegis-bearing Zeus and Lady Hera the Argive clad in sandals of gold, and the daughter of Zeus of the aegis, gray-eyed Athena, and Phoebus Apollo and Artemis, who pour forth arrows, and Poseidon, holder and shaker of Gaia, and 15 august Themis and Aphrodite of the glancing eyes and and Hebe with her golden crown and beautiful Dione, and Leto and Iapetos and Kronos of crooked counsel and Eos and great Helios and shining Selene and Gaia and great Okeanos, and black Night and 20 the sacred clan of the other deathless ones who are for always. The Muses once taught Hesiod beautiful song while he was shepherding sheep at the foot of holy Helicon. The goddesses first spoke this word to me, the Muses of Olympus, daughters of aegis-bearing Zeus. 25 “Rustic shepherds, worthless reproaches, mere stomachs, we know how to say many lies like the truth, and, whenever we wish, we know how to tell the truth.” Thus spoke the fluent daughters of mighty Zeus, and they gave me a scepter, a branch of flourishing laurel 30 that they had plucked, a thing of wonder. -
Aletheia: the Orphic Ouroboros
Edith Cowan University Research Online Theses : Honours Theses 2020 Aletheia: The Orphic Ouroboros Glen McKnight Edith Cown University Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses_hons Part of the Classics Commons, Philosophy Commons, and the Poetry Commons Recommended Citation McKnight, G. (2020). Aletheia: The Orphic Ouroboros. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses_hons/1541 This Thesis is posted at Research Online. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses_hons/1541 Edith Cowan University Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorize you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. Where the reproduction of such material is done without attribution of authorship, with false attribution of authorship or the authorship is treated in a derogatory manner, this may be a breach of the author’s moral rights contained in Part IX of the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). Courts have the power to impose a wide range of civil and criminal sanctions for infringement of copyright, infringement of moral rights and other offences under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. Aletheia: The Orphic Ouroboros Glen McKnight Bachelor of Arts This thesis is presented in partial fulfilment of the degree of Bachelor of Arts Honours School of Arts & Humanities Edith Cowan University 2020 i Abstract This thesis shows how The Orphic Hymns function as a katábasis, a descent to the underworld, representing a process of becoming and psychological rebirth.