General Guidelines for the Assessment and Repair of Earthquake Damage in Residential Woodframe Buildings
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CUREE Publication No. EDA-02 GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT AND REPAIR OF EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE IN RESIDENTIAL WOODFRAME BUILDINGS CUREE Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering CUREE, the Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering, is a non-profit organization incorporated in 1988 whose purpose is the advancement of earthquake engineering research, education, and implementation. There are 26 University Members of CUREE located in 18 states and approximately 300 individual professor members. As its name states, CUREE is focused on research, earthquakes, and engineering. A basic criterion for all CUREE projects is the objectivity of the methodological phases of work as well as objectivity in the dissemination or implementation of the project results. CUREE’s Website Integrity Policy provides a succinct statement of this principle: CUREE values its reputation as an objective source of information on earthquake engineering research and is also obligated to reflect the high standards of the universities that constitute CUREE’s institutional membership. CUREE provides a means to organize and conduct a large research project that mobilizes the capabilities of numerous universities, consulting engineering firms, and other sources of expertise. Examples of such projects include: • Organization of the large, multidisciplinary conferences on the Northridge Earthquake for the National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program federal agencies to bring together researchers and users of research; • Participation in the SAC Joint Venture (CUREE being the “C”), which conducted a $12 million project for the Federal Emergency Management Agency to resolve the vulnerabilities of welded steel frame earthquake-resistant buildings that surfaced in the 1994 Northridge Earthquake; • Management of the CUREE-Caltech Woodframe Project, a $7 million project funded by a grant administered by the California Office of Emergency Services, which included testing and analysis at over a dozen universities, compilation of earthquake damage statistics, development of building code recommendations, economic analyses of costs and benefits, and education and outreach to professionals and the general public; • Establishment by CUREE under contract to the National Science Foundation of the consortium that manages the Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation; • Conducting research investigations in the USA jointly with Kajima Corporation researchers in Japan since the 1980s; • Conducting the Assessment and Repair of Earthquake Damage Project, aimed at defining objective standards for application to buildings inspected in the post- earthquake context; The goal of the Assessment and Repair of Earthquake Damage Project is to develop guidelines that provide a sound technical basis for use by engineers, contractors, owners, the insurance industry, building officials, and others in the post-earthquake context. Based on experimental and analytical research and a broad discussion of the issues involved, the guidelines produced by the project will facilitate improved consistency in the evaluation of building damage and the associated need for repairs. CUREE Publication No. EDA-02 GENERAL GUIDELINES FOR THE ASSESSMENT AND REPAIR OF EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE IN RESIDENTIAL WOODFRAME BUILDINGS February 2010 CUREE Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering 1301 South 46th Street Richmond, CA 94804-4600 Phone: 510.665.3529; Fax: 510.665.3529 e-mail: [email protected]; website: www.curee.org The Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering (CUREE) is a non-profit organization, established in 1988, devoted to the advancement of earthquake engineering research, education, and implementation. Photo Credit Abbreviations: [ATC] Applied Technology Council [HUD] US Department of Housing and [Castle] Robert Castle Urban Development [Cluff] Lloyd Cluff [MIA] Masonry Institute of America [CUREE] Consortium of Universities for [NISEE] National Information Service for Research in Earthquake Earthquake Engineering, EERC, Engineering University of California, [Dyce] Dan Dyce Berkeley [EERI] Earthquake Engineering [Reitherman] Robert Reitherman Research Institute [Meehan] Jack Meehan [Exponent] Exponent Failure Analysis [Stewart] Jonathan Stewart Associates [UHM] University of Hawaii at Manoa [HEF] HEARTH Education Foundation [USGS] US Geological Survey [Youd] Leslie Youd © 2007 by the Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering All rights reserved First Printing: October 2007 Second Printing: February 2010 Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-931995-30-3 Published by Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering 1301 S. 46th Street - Building 420 CUREE Richmond, CA 94804-4600 www.curee.org (CUREE Worldwide Website) Disclaimer This publication was developed by the Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering (CUREE) under contract with the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views of the CEA. The information in this publication is presented strictly as a public service by CUREE. Neither CUREE, nor its sponsors, employees, or subcontractors make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assume any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product, or process presented in this publication. Users of information from this publication assume all liability arising from such use. Preface This document has been prepared as part of the ongoing research project, Assessment and Repair of Earthquake Damage in Woodframe Construction administered by the Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake Engineering (CUREE) with major funding from the California Earthquake Authority (CEA). The primary objective of the project is to bring sound science and engineering to the important but infrequent undertaking of earthquake damage assessment and repair of typical single- and multi-family woodframe residential buildings in California. The target audience of these General Guidelines is homeowners, contractors, insurance claims representatives, and other non-engineers involved in post-earthquake damage assessment of woodframe construction. A more detailed version intended for technical consultants engaged in post-earthquake damage assessment - Engineering Guidelines for the Assessment and Repair of Earthquake Damage in Residential Woodframe Buildings, CUREE Publication No. EDA-06 is in progress. The content of this document is based upon the most current engineering research and best practices related to assessment and repair of earthquake damage in woodframe construction. It is hoped that the information provided herein will improve the consistency and quality of post- earthquake damage assessment and repair, thereby facilitating rapid recovery in those areas damaged by earthquakes. Work on the project has been performed by academic institutions, commercial research laboratories, and practicing professionals under contract to CUREE. CUREE’s project manager is Dr. John Osteraas. Technical guidance and oversight for the project is provided by the Advisory Group, membership of which consists of: Graeme Beatie Seb Ficcadenti BRANZ Limited Ficcadenti and Waggoner Porirua City, New Zealand Irvine CA David Bonowitz Professor André Filiatrault Consulting Structural Engineer State University of New York - Buffalo San Francisco CA Buffalo NY David Breiholz Robert Gaul Breiholz Qazi Engineering, Inc. Chemco Systems Lomita CA Redwood City CA John Coil Andrew Gillespie John Coil Associates, Inc. A.S. Gillespie & Associates Tustin CA Los Angeles CA Dan Dyce Professor John Hall CEA Earthquake Response Manager Caltech California Earthquake Authority Pasadena CA Sacramento CA General Guidelines Preface CUREE EDA-02 - 2010 Page i William T. Holmes Robert Reitherman Rutherford & Chekene Consortium of Universities for Research in Oakland CA Earthquake Engineering (CUREE) Richmond CA Professor Ed Kavazanjian Professor Jonathan Stewart Arizona State University Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering Tempe AZ University of California-Los Angeles Los Angeles CA Andrew King Edward K. Takahashi Institute of Geological & Nuclear Sciences, Ltd. Edward K. Takahashi Architectural Corp. Lower Hutt, New Zealand Monterey Park CA Raymond Lui L. Thomas Tobin Deputy Director Tobin & Associates Department of Building Inspection Mill Valley CA City and County of San Francisco San Francisco CA Gil Malmgren Fred Turner Claims Consultants Group California Seismic Safety Commission Roseville CA Sacramento CA John Osteraas Dimitry Vergun Exponent Failure Analysis Associates Consulting Structural Engineer Menlo Park CA Santa Monica CA Dr. Osteraas served as lead author and editor of these Guidelines. Drafting assistance was provided by David Bonowitz, Brian McDonald, Akshay Gupta, Jon Wren, Joel Wolf, John Fessler, Allison Faris, and Daniel Whang. Drafts of each chapter of this document were circulated for review and comment to the Advisory Group and other individuals who have expressed an interest in the project. Detailed review and comment were provided by David Bonowitz, Fred M. Turner, William T. Holmes, Professor Ed Kavazanjian, L. Thomas Tobin, Robert Reitherman, Dan Dyce, Gil Malmgren, David Breiholz, Andrew Gillespie, Brian McDonald, James E. Russell, Ben L. Schmid, Jeff Wykoff, Gary Mochizuki, Steven A. Maragakis, Brian Daley, Jeffrey Hicks, and Kearson Malmgren.