Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
1. Climate Change: Mitigation Refer to Section 2.1 of the Guidance Note
1A. Present Situation Please complete the following table with most recent data available: Table 1: Benchmarking Data ‐ Climate Change: Mitigation
Base Year Target Year % Reduction City’s emissions reduction targets (add rows if needed for further commitments) 2005 2020 ‐35% Where possible please use 2005 as the base year for 2005 2030 ‐50% listing city reduction targets 2005 2050 ‐75% CO (and possibly other greenhouse gases) 2 Units Year of Data emissions)** Grenoble‐Alpes Métropole*
Total CO2 emissions/capita 4.17 t CO2/capita 2016
Total transport CO2 emissions/capita 1.19 t CO2/capita 2016
Total (less transport) CO2 emissions/capita 2.99 t CO2/capita 2016
Total CO2 emissions per year 1,865,379 t CO2 2016
Total CO2 emissions per MWh electricity consumed 0.044 t CO2 2016 *Data for the whole metropolitan area is more representative of the territory’s profile and consistent with its energy profile data.
**GHG: CO2 equivalent. Climate adjusted data
Describe the present situation in relation to CO2 (and possibly other greenhouse gases) emissions, including any relevant disadvantages or constraints resulting from historical, geographical and/or socio‐economic factors which may have influenced this indicator. Give details of any Baseline Emission Inventory prepared by the city, mentioning the baseline year and the applied methodology (direct/indirect emissions, data collection process, monitoring system), as well as the competent department. Provide a breakdown of the main sources of emissions. Where available, information/data on the inventory and on the following indicators should be provided from previous (5‐10) years to show trends, together with an explanation of the evolution. Scientific grounds should be provided for any claimed reduction in CO2 (and other greenhouse gases) emissions. Describe how the inventory system and information is integrated in the design of policies and measures.
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
Provide figures (in the table above), and comment on, the following specific indicators for the city:
1. Total CO2 emissions (tonnes) per year;
2. CO2 emissions per capita (tonnes) per year;
3. CO2 emissions per capita (tonnes) resulting from fuel use in transport;
4. CO2 emissions (tonnes) per MWh electricity consumed;
5. CO2 emissions reduction target(s) (e.g. 20% by 2020 compared to 1990).
Please also state clearly what year the data provided relates to. Mention any target(s) adopted specifically for the municipal administration (e.g. carbon neutral municipality by 2020, adaptation measures set on municipal level).
(max. 600 words and five graphics, images or tables)
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
Surrounded by mountains, the Grenoble area is particularly sensitive to climate change, which is already strongly and visibly impacting its mountainous areas (increase in spring and summer temperatures, gradually less snow at medium altitude, increased water deficits) and urban environments (heat islands, heat waves, etc.). An ambitious policy based on strong climate change mitigation commitments resulted in a 25% reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions between 2005 and 2016, on track to achieving the 2019 Metropolitan Climate Air and Energy Plan ‐50% by 2030 objective.
Greenhouse gaz emissions of 4.17 tonnes of CO2e per capita
The metropolitan area’s direct GHG emissions amounted to 1.8 million tCO2e in 2016, i.e. 4.17 tCO2/capita.
With 1.19 tCO2/capita and 1.6 tCO2/capita respectively, transport and buildings are the main contributors and the main focus of CO2 emission reduction and air quality improvement efforts.
Figure A‐1 ‐ De Bonne éco‐neighbourhood is an example of an ambitious policy based on strong climate change mitigation Methodology of the yearly emission inventory Since 2005, an annual emmission inventory (known as the Climate Plan Observatory) has been carried out by ALEC (local energy and climate agency) and Atmo (regional air quality monitoring organisation) and supervised by the metropolitan authority Grenoble‐Alpes‐Métropole (GAM), with 2005 as the baseline year. The regional spatialised calculation method (standardised at national level by INERIS and CITEPA) is used and locally enriched with actual consumption data collected from energy operators under open data. This innovation allows for a fine statistical breakdown of consumption and emissions per sector of activity and fuel.
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
GHG emissions are considered to be scope 1+2, and therefore exclude indirect emissions, except those related to the consumption of electricity from the national mix. Fuel emission factors are based on Ademe’s Base Carbone®, a certified database of GHG emission factors.
Decreasing energy consumption (‐20%) leads to decreasing GHG emissions Energy‐intensive industries are the main contributors to the decrease in greenhouse gas emissions between 2005 and 2016 (‐43%) due to process optimisation, use of less carbon‐intensive energy sources and a decrease in local economic activity. Vehicle fleet improvements, combined with public policy efforts aimed at reducing car modal share, have resulted in reduced emissions from the transport sector (‐10% for goods transport and ‐7% for passengers transport) despite an increase in the metropolitan area population (+0.3%) (Ind.3).
Figure A‐2 – Evolution of GHG emissions per sector in the metropolitan area between 2005 and 2016 (tCO2e)
Heating uses the most energy in the residential sector. The 12% GHG emission reduction is due to lower use of carbon energy sources (‐ 35% for fuel‐oil and ‐39% for gas) and increased use of renewable and recovered (RE) energy sources, especially for supplying the district heating network (DHN). For 2018 heating season, the DHN reached 72% of recovered and renewable energy sources (Ind.11).
The low GHG emissions per MWh of electricity used (0.044 tCO2e) is explained by the large amounts of locally‐ produced hydroelectricity (226 MW in 2016) and the 3 combined‐heat‐and‐power (CHP) units supplying the main DHN and generating electricity that is sold to the metropolitan network operators.
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
Figure A‐3 ‐ Hydropower plant Road traffic between the inner city area (Grenoble and adjoining municipalities) and the greater urban area account for 60% of GHG emissions from transport. Many journeys are made within the inner city area but they are mainly made using alternative modes to cars. The municipality of Grenoble has set specific targets for municipal property concerning its buildings, its vehicles float and public lighting. The objectives to be achieved by 2030 are included in its 2019 Climate Air and Energy Plan (1B)
Ambition GHG emissions (CO2e) Energy used 2017‐2030 (% change) (% change)
Municipal buildings ‐39% ‐22%
Vehicles ‐22% ‐22%
Public lighting ‐53% ‐53%
Total objective: 2017‐2030 ‐38% ‐26%
For the 2005–2030 period ‐65% ‐45%
Figure A‐4 ‐ Municipal GHG emission reduction targets by 2030
Figure A‐5 ‐ Municipal buildings with solar panels
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
1B. Past Performance Describe the measures implemented over the last five to ten years to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including resources allocated to implement these measures. Comment on which measures have been most effective and how the implementation and impacts have been monitored. Make reference to: 1. An overall strategy for climate change or any other strategy or action plan to reduce emissions;
2. Mainstreaming of climate protection measures across municipal services and in key areas of action such as energy efficiency in residential and commercial buildings, public transport and waste management. Highlight any innovative schemes for the built environment such as low carbon zones;
3. Mechanisms used (e.g. local regulations, financing schemes, partnerships). Explain how the city works on emissions reduction with other governmental bodies, private sector service providers, enterprises and citizens. Mention relevant national legislation or programmes and participation in EU funded projects or networks.
Provide details on the monitoring system (frequency, responsibility, outcomes) and how lessons learned have been used.
(max. 1,200 words and five graphics, images or tables)
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
A comprehensive strategy for tackling climate change A climate policy pioneer, the City of Grenoble, together with Grenoble Alpes Metropole (GAM), adopted the first Climate Plan in France in 2005, which was revised in 2014 to integrate air quality and updated in 2019 to adopt even more ambitious objectives. (1A.1C) Its “Action Plan for a breathable metropolitan area”, Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan, Energy Master Plan, Waste Master Plan, Wastewater and Rainwater Master Plan and the Inter‐municipal Urban Plan jointly target all possible levers in a crosscutting approach. Grenoble is a signatory of the Aalborg charter, the 2009 Covenants of Mayors and is resolutely pursuing a comprehensive air, health, energy and climate policy with the adoption of its own Climate Air and Energy Plan in 2016, for which it obtained the European Energy Award (EEA) certification in 2017 and the EEA Gold certification in 2019 in recognition of the quality of its commitments and results (80% rate). The investment budget allocated to air‐energy‐climate actions amounts to €15m in 2019, i.e. 30% of Grenoble’s total investment budget. This does not include expenses to improve energy performance and the environmental quality of schools and other municipal buildings under construction (€10m in 2019). The operating budget amounts to €2.9m for 2019 alone.
Multiple actions implemented in the field of mobility
Since reintroducing trams in 1987, the public transport network has continued to expand alongside the urban development projects. 1.8 million journeys/days are made by the public transport system. The multiplication of 30kph zones since 2016, the extension of the pedestrian zone, the creation of 44km of new express cycleways and 7,000 rental bikes have contributed to reducing road traffic in favour of other modes of transport (€10m cost, of which €3.6m financed by the municipality) (Ind.3)
Less polluting vehicles and changing behaviours (Ind.3) Sustainable urban freight logistics since 2017: a low‐emission zone has been established and 2 complementary urban freight distribution centres have been created. Deliveries are made by bike, e‐vehicles or NGV‐fuelled HGV’s. Support to the car‐sharing cooperative Citiz as of 2004: 170 vehicles and 5,000 subscribers. Financial support to professionals buying an NGV or electric vehicle (€13,000).
Public transport clean vehicle fleet :122 NGV, 56 hybrid and 51 diesel buses. Decommissioning of all diesel buses by 2021. (Ind.3) Converting refuse collection trucks to NGV: target of 100% NGV trucks by 2025 by purchasing 8 new trucks per year, starting in 2017 for €2.6m/year. (32 in 2019) Installation of 38 charging stations for e‐vehicles and 5 NGV stations. 32,000 kWh was supplied in 2018, enough to cover around 220,000 km, thus saving 25 tonnes of CO2.
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
Figure B‐1 ‐ Multiple mobility actions Stricter energy requirements for new buildings than national regulations When building De Bonne, its first eco‐neighbourhood (Sesac project), Grenoble set stricter energy requirements than the national legislation and continued to do so with all subsequent new neighbourhoods (all with a 20 to 30 % stricter energy performance compared to the national thermal regulation) (Ind.4|Ind.11). This desire to try out new construction and energy production systems is taken further in new neighbourhoods under construction (1C).
An extensive energy retrofitting programme: Mur‐Mur 4,600 homes were retrofitted in 2009 (1,442 in Grenoble) resulting in 31% energy savings and up to 60% savings on heating bills. With €23m of public subsidies, including €9m from Grenoble Alpes Metropole, the programme was extended in 2016 to retrofit 10,000 housing units by 2023 (2,000 in Grenoble).
Figure B‐2 ‐ Retrofitting : Mistral towers social housing (City‐Zen EU project) and Private co‐ownership retrofitting (Mur‐Mur)
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
A Wood Air Bonus was launched in 2016 with the objectif to renew 5,000 individual heating appliances, thus cutting 8‐fold the particles emitted by beneficiary homes. Public services close to carbon‐neutrality Waste management: since 2015, 163,166 tonnes of GHG have been avoided and emissions per capita amounted to 0.7 kgC02e in 2018. This is due to the high‐performance sorting centre, the waste‐to‐energy scheme and high flue‐gas filtration level below regulatory thresholds (Ind.8) The Aquapole wastewater treatment plant is now carbon neutral thanks to biogas production: 16% of the biogas produced is used on site, thus avoiding 3,500t of CO2 emissions per year. The remaining biogas is injected into the urban gas network (i.e. 17 GWh/year, enough to cover the needs of 2,500 households). Aquapole’s net balance was ‐ 878 tonnes of CO2 in 2018, the on‐site production of renewable energy offsetting the GHG emitted. (Ind.9)
The district heating network receives heat from the waste‐to‐energy plant and has significantly reduced its GHG emissions despite its extension (+12% of equivalent‐dwellings connected between 2005 and 2018) by increasing the proportion of recovery and renewable energy (72% in 2018) and improving its operating efficiency (1C).
Figure B‐3 ‐ A district heating system which emits little CO2 in g/kWh produced, less than French nuclear‐based electricity CO2 content
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
An exemplary municipality Grenoble has already reduced its GHG emissions by 49% since 2005 thanks to an ambitious energy policy aimed at reducing building and public lighting energy use (Ind.11) and renewing/reducing its vehicle fleet. Efforts are continuing to achieve a 65% reduction by 2030. (1C) (FigC‐5)
Figure B‐4 ‐ Fleet of municipal vehicles The mechanisms used Tackling climate change requires combining all available tools including: urban planning documents (Local Urban Plan and regulations applying to new building development projects), traffic ban on certain polluting vehicles in low‐ emission zones, and making connection to the DHN mandatory for all new and renovated buildings. Incentive programmes: “Mur‐Mur” thermal retrofitting programme with its complex, partnership‐based mechanism (common information point, technical support and income‐dependent financial support to condominiums and private individuals). Financial incentives for replacing private vehicles with cleaner ones or wood heating appliances with more efficient ones. Support to community citizen initiatives: community‐owned companies for developing photovoltaic (PV) energy and car‐sharing (shareholding). Raising citizen’s awareness: numerous actions (waste sorting ambassador, energy awareness campaigns in schools), organisation of the “Cities in Transition Biennial Festival”. The French national environment and energy conservation agency ADEME is a major partner and supports many projects in the territory: “Zero waste, Zero wastage programme”, “Breathable cities”, Mur‐Mur. By signing the Climate Plan Commitment Charter, 68 partners (municipalities, social landlords, associations, education and research stakeholders and businesses) have joined forces with local public players to tackle climate change. Partnerships have been signed between private players (Solvay) and the local public heating company CCIAG to develop innovative heat recovery systems and between Atos and GEG to develop MétroEnergie, a multifluid consumption monitoring system. There is also a partnership with Bouygues Construction to demonstrate the Autonomous Building for Citizens (ABC) concept. (Ind.11|BP.6) Local objectives implement the ambitions of the Paris Agreement, the National Climate Plan and the National Low‐ Carbon Strategy.
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
The municipality has taken part in a number of EU‐funded projects that have led the way: Sesac (2005‐2010), Zen‐N (2013‐2017) and City‐Zen (2014‐2019). National Ecocité or EU projects for which the municipality has been selected (e.g. City‐Zen) associate many public and private partners around a common objective, like the creation of a zero‐energy district (Presquîle).
Figure B‐5 – City‐Zen Days in Grenoble in January 2018: Dissemination and working meeting auround City‐Zen Smart cities project Monitoring systems The Climate Plan Observatory (1A) monitors annual trends in energy consumption, GHG emissions and renewable energy production in the territory. The indicators monitored measure progress towards the objectives set and draw attention to deviations. Twice a year, the players involved discuss the data supplied by the observatory and make decisions regarding the future direction of their actions. An increasing number of active citizens take part in monitoring progress, for example by carrying portable sensors to measure air quality (Mobicitair) or by monitoring biodiversity in the city (participative sciences).
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
1C. Future Plans Describe the future short and long term objectives and proposed approach for further emissions reduction. Describe planned measures, including timescales and emphasise to what extent plans are supported by commitments, budget and staff allocations and monitoring and performance evaluation schemes. Make reference to any long‐term strategy employed and how it is integrated with other environmental areas. Briefly explain the rationale for choosing these future measures and highlight any innovative financing arrangements.
(max. 800 words and five graphics, images or tables)
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
The objectives set in the Metropolitan Climate Air and Energy Plan illustrate an ambitious policy aims to reach ‐75% GHG emissions by 2050 and place Grenoble on a path towards carbon neutrality, in line with the Paris Agreement and the GIEC reports
The carbon budget calculated for the metropolitan area (2016‐2100, 2°C) amounts to 45MtCO2eq. Since 1.8 MtCO2eq was emitted in 2016, this means that the metropolitan area will have used up its carbon budget in 24 years at the current emission rate.
In terms of eco‐mobility, an increasing number of measures are being implemented to move from 531 ktCO2e in 2005 to 499 ktCO2e in 2030. Large public transport projects are expected to become operational around 2025 (high service level bus lines, urban cable car, urban train); road upgrades to encourage alternative modes to the car; development of refilling/charging stations for electric, hybrid and NGV vehicles; promoting shared cars over individual cars (incentive and support for carpooling); decarbonisation of the public vehicle fleet.
The public operators’ key measures to move towards a carbon‐free energy: +30% of renewable energy by 2030 100% renewable and recovered energy (R&RES) by 2030 for the DHN, the 2nd largest in France, which already uses 72% R&RES, including 39% from the waste‐to‐energy plant. (Ind.11) To achieve this objective, a Biomax wood‐fuelled CHP unit will be commissioned in 2020 (€57.6m). Using 150,000t of wood per year, it will mean 85% of R&RES will be reached by 2022. The household waste incineration plant with energy recovery, which produces heat for the DHN and electricity, will be upgraded to process less waste and be even more efficient. The capital cost is estimated at €140m.
Figure C‐1 ‐ The Biomax wood‐fuelled CHP unit on Presqu’ïle district, currently under construction
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
100% of Grenoble residents’ needs will be covered by green electricity by 2022, thanks to a €125m investment plan by the local energy producing and distributing company (GEG). Solar thermal energy production will be multiplied by 4.5 and PV by 6. 440kWc of PV energy has already been installed by a citizen‐owned company (Energ’Y citoyenne) with the objective of reaching 9,000 roofs equipped with PV panels by 2030.
Figure C‐2 ‐ PV development on car‐park with the Parkosol cooperative company
Grenoble continues to experiment with innovative energy systems On the Eco‐cité certified Presqu’île district, an open‐loop of 70 groundwater heat pumps with an efficient water discharge pipework has been tested and the first Autonomous Building for Citizens (ABC) in France is under construction. The 62 dwellings, including 20 social flats, will have 70% energy and water autonomy and will produce 220 kWc of PV electricity.(Ind.11|GP.6)
Figure C‐3 ‐ The ABC autonomous building run by private an local semi‐public company
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
The Flaubert eco‐neighbourhood, with its wood‐framed passive or positive housing buildings (bio‐sourced, health‐ friendly materials), will host the first CO2‐saving district heating system in Europe: 176 m² of solar thermal panels supply a low‐pressure heating network using phase change materials to store energy connected to the DHN. It also includes a smart energy management platform.
Figure C‐4 – Innovation in district heating network: the Flaubert DHN is a unique network in Europe which emits little CO2
Action plans aimed at promoting energy retrofitting and improving energy systems will be continued. In all Eco‐neighbourhoods since De Bonne (Concerto requirements) and in the Eco‐cité certified Presqu’île district, the energy performance of new buildings is assessed. Housing rehabilitation projects are also monitored.
The municipality is continuing its municipal property efforts The municipality aims to reduce its GHG emissions by 65% by 2030 compared to 2005 by continuing its efforts to save energy and have 79% of its energy demand covered by renewable energy by 2030 (against 48% today).
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
In public buildings, the objective is to achieve ‐38% GHG emissions (2017‐2030) through: Improving the energy performance of new and existing buildings ; Energy sobriety (eco‐responsible behaviour, technical optimisation and modernisation, etc.) Improving the energy mix: buying certified green electricity and gradually shifting to district heating.
Figure C‐5 – Evolution and share of GHG emitted by municipal property between 2005 and 2030 (tCO2e)
Waste reduction and maximum recovery and a circular economy action plan (Ind.8) The Waste Master Plan sets the objective of reducing waste production per capita by 20% by 2030 compared to 2015, increasing the share of recycled waste to 67% whilst limiting GHG emissions generated by waste processing. As of 2022, the Murianette composting centre will produce 10.5 GWh/year of biogas to be reinjected into the gas network to satisfy the needs of 2,800 residents (€15m).
A Re‐use/Repair Master Plan organises waste prevention: repair workshops, 7 new re‐use depots and a materials library platform supported by the local authority with social integration partners (cost of €10.5m).
The municipality also aims to reduce its environmental footprint and engage civil society by tackling food waste, promoting composting, encouraging bulk purchasing, replacing single‐use plastic containers, using short supply chains and organic food in its canteens (53% of organic meals in 2018) and developing urban farming.
Planting trees (15,000 by 2030), creating parks in each new neighbourhood, greening urban spaces and reducing sealed surfaces are efficient measures to capture carbon, improve air quality and the health of Grenoble residents.
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
1D. References List supporting documentation, adding links where possible. Further detail may be requested during the pre‐selection stage. Documentation should not be forwarded at this stage.
(max. 400 words)
PLANS – PROGRAMMES – REPORT
Inter‐municipal Urban Plan 2019
PLUi – Notebook Grenoble ‐2019
Metropolitan Climate Air Energy Plan – Diagnostic – 2019
Metropolitan Climate Air Energy Plan – Strategies and actions – 2019
The Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) – 2018 ‐ FR
Energy Master Plan –GAM‐2017‐ EN
Grenoble Air Energy and Climate Action Plan ‐ 2019‐2025
Lighting Plan – Grenoble ‐ 2015 Municipal Property Master Plan – Grenoble – 2015
Municipal Urban Plan‐Grenoble – 2005
Assessment of the 2005 Local Urban Plan – Environment section
Assessment of the 2005 Local Urban Plan ‐ Urban Forms section
Plaquette‐Grenoble‐Facteur 4‐EN Presentation‐Grenoble‐Facteur4‐EN
Sustainable Development Report– Grenoble – 2018
Sustainable Development Report– Grenoble – 2017
Sustainable Development Report– Grenoble – 2016
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
Climat Plan Observatory – Method
ADEME’s-Base carbone
District heating network
District heating network – CCIAG
District heating network – 2nd in France
Innovations in the district heating
Activity report – CCIAG – 2018
Partnerships between Solvay and the local public heating company CCIAG
Biomax
Biomax, The Biomax wood‐fuelled CHP unit ‐ Mars 2017
Gas Electricty Grenoble
GEG‐ Grenoble ‐2018
Activity report – GEG – 2018
Ombrières parkosol
Waste
Waste Master Plan (SDD) 2020‐2030
Annual report on the quality and price of public service – Waste – 2018
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Water
Annual report on the quality and price of public service – Water collection and treatment – 2017
Aquapole product biogas
Mobility « Calm City » : 30kph zones
« Cœur de Ville Cœur de Métropole » Grenoble
« Cœur de Ville Cœur de Métropole » ‐ first results‐2018
Limited traffic zone ‐Grenoble
« Low Emission Zones » in Europe
Low Emission Zones in Grenoble
Metrocable
Neighbourhood and construction
De Bonne ‐ eco‐neighbourhood
De Bonne – 1st eco‐neighbourhood in France
The Flaubert eco‐neighbourhood
Flaubert ‐ Innovative heating network – City‐Zen
Eco‐cité certified Presqu’île district ‐ Grenoble
Ecocités – Presentation Presqu’île ‐ Grenoble
Mur‐Mur ‐ GAM
Mur‐Mur ‐2 – Dossier presse‐2016
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City Zen‐Grenoble
ZEN N‐Grenoble – EN
The ZenN Guidelines Report and Magazine ‐ EN
Retrofitting towards zero energy buildings in Grenoble‐ City Zen ‐ EN
Autonomus Building Construction‐Building
Other information
Energy pole public– GAM
Agence Locale à L’énergie
Metro Energie
Métrosoleil
VivaCité, collaborative energy data management tool for cities and citizens‐ City Zen ‐ EN
Energ’y citoyennes
Grenoble Civic‐Lab
Grenoble “Ville de demain” platform ‐ EN
“Positive Energy Schools” Challenge ‐ EN
Word Count Check
Please complete the below word count check for Indicator 1: Climate Change: Mitigation, Sections 1A, 1B and 1C.
As per the Guidance Note (Annex 2 of the Rules of Contest), the word count includes text in graphics/tables and the body of text. The word count excludes text in the original application form, captions and text in Table 1: Benchmarking Data ‐ Climate Change: Mitigation.
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Application Form for the European Green Capital Award 2022
Number of words in Number of words in body Total number of words in Max. Section graphics/tables of text graphics/tables and body of text words
1A 14 552 566 600
1B 1,198 1,198 1,200
1C 9 786 795 800
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