Livro-60-Anos.Pdf
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Local Governments Supporting Local Energy Initiatives: Lessons from the Best Practices of Saerbeck (Germany) and Lochem (The Netherlands)
Sustainability 2015, 7, 1900-1931; doi:10.3390/su7021900 OPEN ACCESS sustainability ISSN 2071-1050 www.mdpi.com/journal/sustainability Article Local Governments Supporting Local Energy Initiatives: Lessons from the Best Practices of Saerbeck (Germany) and Lochem (The Netherlands) Thomas Hoppe 1,*, Antonia Graf 2, Beau Warbroek 1,3, Imke Lammers 1 and Isabella Lepping 1 1 Department of Technology and Governance for Sustainability (CSTM), Institute for Innovation and Governance Studies (IGS), Faculty of Behavioral, Management and Social Studies (BMS), University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands; E-Mails: [email protected] (B.W.); [email protected] (I.L.); [email protected] (I.L.) 2 Institute for Political Science, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Scharnhorststrasse 100, 48151 Münster, Germany; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 University Campus Fryslân (UCF), Sophialaan 1, 8911 AE Leeuwarden, The Netherlands * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +31-53-489-3242. Academic Editor: Tan Yigitcanlar Received: 22 December 2014 / Accepted: 3 February 2015 / Published: 11 February 2015 Abstract: The social dimension of the transition to a low carbon economy is a key challenge to cities. The establishment of local energy initiatives (LEIs) has recently been attracting attention. It is of great importance to draw lessons from best practices when LEIs have been facilitated by local governments and made a substantial contribution to greening local energy systems. The main research questions in this paper are: What lessons can be drawn from successful local low carbon energy transition cases, and which strategies proved successful to support LEIs? We have used analytical notions from the Strategic Niche Management (SNM) and grassroots innovation literature to analyze two best-practice cases: Saerbeck (Germany) and Lochem (The Netherlands). -
Spacetime, Ontology, and Structural Realism Edward Slowik
International Studies in the Philosophy of Science Vol. 19, No. 2, July 2005, pp. 147–166 Spacetime, Ontology, and Structural Realism Edward Slowik TaylorCISP124928.sgm10.1080/02698590500249456International0269-8595Original2005Inter-University192000000JulyEdwardSlowikDepartmenteslowik@winona.edu and Article (print)/1469-9281Francis 2005of Studies PhilosophyWinona Foundation Ltd in the Philosophy (online) State of UniversityWinonaMN Science 55987-5838USA This essay explores the possibility of constructing a structural realist interpretation of spacetime theories that can resolve the ontological debate between substantivalists and relationists. Drawing on various structuralist approaches in the philosophy of mathemat- ics, as well as on the theoretical complexities of general relativity, our investigation will reveal that a structuralist approach can be beneficial to the spacetime theorist as a means of deflating some of the ontological disputes regarding similarly structured spacetimes. 1. Introduction Although its origins can be traced back to the early twentieth century, structural real- ism (SR) has only recently emerged as a serious contender in the debates on the status of scientific entities. SR holds that what is preserved in successive theory change is the abstract mathematical or structural content of a theory, rather than the existence of its theoretical entities. Some of the benefits that can be gained from SR include a plausible account of the progressive empirical success of scientific theorizing (thus avoiding the ‘no miracles’ -
Mapping Weak Gravitational Lensing Signals from Low-Redshift Galaxy Clusters to Compare Dark Matter and X-Ray Gas Substructures
MAPPING WEAK GRAVITATIONAL LENSING SIGNALS FROM LOW-REDSHIFT GALAXY CLUSTERS TO COMPARE DARK MATTER AND X-RAY GAS SUBSTRUCTURES. CLAIRE HAWKINS BROWN UNIVERSITY MAY 2020 1 Contents Acknowledgements: ...................................................................................................................................... 3 Abstract: ........................................................................................................................................................ 4 Introduction: .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Background: .................................................................................................................................................. 7 GR and Gravitational Lensing .................................................................................................................. 7 General Relativity ................................................................................................................................. 7 Gravitational Lensing ............................................................................................................................ 9 Galaxy Clusters ....................................................................................................................................... 11 Introduction to Galaxy Clusters ......................................................................................................... -
Paradiplomacy and the Management of the Amazon in the Brazilian Federalism
http://dx.doi.org/10.18623/rvd.v17i39.1771 PARADIPLOMACY AND THE MANAGEMENT OF THE AMAZON IN THE BRAZILIAN FEDERALISM Eliana Maria de Souza Franco Teixeira1 Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Patrícia Kristiana Blagitz Cichovski2 Centro Universitário Metropolitano da Amazônia (UNIFAMAZ) ABSTRACT The criteria for allocating Amazon Fund’s resources have been redefined, leading donor foreign states to block the transfer of resources to that Fund. This generated much speculation and a series of economic embarrassments for Amazon state governments, as well as a malaise among Western coun- tries with regard to sustainable development. In this study, thus, we ad- dress the following problem: what are the Legal Amazon states’ options, considering the particularities of the Brazilian federalism, for keeping in- vestments and management focused on mitigating illegal deforestation and degradation, the sustainable development and the security in their Amazon territories? Thus, the aim of this article is to provide a reinterpretation of Brazilian federalism, assessing the possibilities of international action by Amazon state governments to maintain foreign investments for the purpos- es of preservation, security and sustainable development of the Brazilian Legal Amazon. The methodology used was hypothetical-deductive, and our research hypothesis was ratified. In other words, the Amazon states can exercise paradiplomacy through the Legal Amazon Consortium. Questions about this position should be dispelled when the Constitution is amended to expressly recognize the exercise of paradiplomacy. Keywords: Amazon rainforest; consortium; environment; federalism; paradiplomacy. 1 Doctoral researcher in Law from UFPA. Master in Constitutional Law from the Universidade da Amazônia (UNAMA). Bachelor of Laws from UNAMA. Professor of Law Graduation at UFPA. -
Towards a Nutrient Neutral Municipality – Guide for Municipal Operators
GUIDE 1 | 2018 Towards a nutrient neutral municipality – Guide for municipal operators The purpose of the Nutrient Neutral Municipality project of the Southwest Finland ELY Centre was to develop operating models for promoting nutrient recycling in municipalities. The key results of the project are presented in this guide. Read more: http://www.ymparisto.fi/en-US/Nutrient_Neutral_Municipality GUIDE 1/2018 TOWARDS A NUTRIENT NEUTRAL MUNICIPALITY – GUIDE FOR MUNICIPAL OPERATORS Centre for Economic Development, Transport and the Environment for Southwest Finland ISBN 978-952-314-650-1 (printed) ISBN 978-952-314-651-8 (PDF) Towards a nutrient ISSN-L 2242-2846 ISSN 2242-2846 (printed) neutral municipality ISSN 2242-2854 (online publication) URN:ISBN:978-952-314-651-8 www.doria.fi/ely-keskusII | www.ely-keskus.fi Contents What is it? Have you Introduction ........................................................... 1 heard about Background .......................................................... 3 RANKU? Introduction What does nutrient neutrality in The Nutrient Neutral Municipality (RANKU) was a three-year a municipality mean? ............................................ 4 development project managed by the Centre for Economic Nutrient neutrality means ................................. 6 Development, Transport and the Environment (ELY Centre) for Southwest Finland. The project was implemented in the How to proceed towards a nutrient-neutral regions of Southwest Finland and Satakunta. The purpose municipality? ......................................................... 8 of the project was to promote the recycling and utilisation of organic nutrients and related cooperation as close to their Taking everything under control at once .......... 8 place of origin as possible and to develop a new operating Assessing nutrient flows in municipalities ...... 10 model for nutrient-neutral municipalities. The project was Steps of a nutrient-neutral municipality ......... -
2019 Nxp Corporate Sustainability Report Nxp
2019 NXP CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY REPORT SECURE CONNECTIONS FOR A SMARTER WORLD 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS A Letter From Our CEO A LETTER FROM OUR CEO 3 ENVIRONMENT 49 About This Environmental Management 50 Report ABOUT THIS REPORT 4 Climate Change 53 Energy 65 OUR BUSINESS 6 Water 70 Overview of our Company 7 Waste 74 Worldwide Locations 9 Materials 78 Our Business Design for Sustainability 10 Environmental Product Compliance 80 Risk Management and Business Continuity 12 Stakeholder Engagement 13 SUPPLIER ENGAGEMENT 83 Industry Association Engagement 15 Supplier Code of Conduct 85 Quality 16 Supply Chain Management 86 Governance, Responsible Mineral Sourcing 95 Ethics and GOVERNANCE, ETHICS AND SUSTAINABILITY 18 Sustainability Governance 19 APPENDIX 96 Ethics 22 SASB 97 Sustainability 23 UN Global Compact 108 UN Sustainable Development Goals 26 GRI Index 109 Employees EMPLOYEES 29 Diversity, Inclusion and Equality 30 Recruitment, Development and Engagement 31 Employee Demographics 33 Human Rights 35 Environment Health and Safety 43 Supplier Engagement Appendix 2 Our Supply Chain A LETTER Our policies and tools help ensure our suppliers and manufacturers are sourcing and producing our products in an ethical, environmentally friendly and humane manner. NXP is proud to be a signatory A Letter From FROM OUR of the United Nations Global Compact and a full member of the Responsible Business Alliance Our CEO CEO (RBA), and we are committed to not only meeting but exceeding the utmost standards of ethical and sustainable conduct. For us, sustainability is a constant effort with many layers, as an evolving world and advancement in technology yield new opportunities for innovation at every turn. -
On the Quantization of Burgers Vector and Gravitational Energy in the Space-Time of a Conical Defect
On the Quantization of Burgers Vector and Gravitational Energy in the Space-Time of a Conical Defect 1, 1, 2, 3, 1, 1, F. L. Carneiro, ∗ S. C. Ulhoa, y J. F. da Rocha-Neto, z and J. W. Maluf x 1Instituto de F´ısica, Universidade de Bras´ılia, 70910-900, Bras´ılia, DF, Brazil 2International Center of Physics, Instituto de F´ısica, Universidade de Bras´ılia, 70.910-900, Brasilia, DF, Brazil 3Canadian Quantum Research Center, 204-3002 32 Ave Vernon, BC V1T 2L7 Canada A conical topological defect is the result of translational and/or rotational deformations of spacetime, in particular the Burgers vector describes the translational deformation. Such a configuration represents a discontinuity, that cannot be removed by coordinate trans- formations, and is related to the spacetime torsion. Using the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity (TERG), a gravitational theory that is dynamically equivalent to Gen- eral Relativity (GR), we investigate the consequences of assuming a discrete Burgers vector on the geodesic motion of particles around a static conical defect. The result is a helical geodesic motion of a test particle around the defect, with a discrete step that depends on the magnitude of the dislocation. I. INTRODUCTION Defects in crystals and metals may occur in three forms: point, linear or planar defects. The linear defects are caused by translational (dislocation) or rotational (disclination) distortions. It was soon realized that such defects in a lattice could be applied to gravitation. For instance, cosmic strings can be interpreted as topological defects in spacetime [1–3]. The more general spacetime defects solutions were constructed using the Volterra process [4] by Puntingam and Soleng [5]. -
Carbon Neutral Päijät-Häme 2030: Climate Action Roadmap
Carbon Neutral Päijät-Häme 2030: Climate Action Roadmap ENTER The Regional Council of Päijät-Häme Carbon Neutral Päijät-Häme 2030: Climate Action Roadmap Päijät-Häme region is committed to mitigating 2030. The network is coordinated by the Finnish climate change with an aim of reaching carbon Environment Institute. neutrality by the year 2030. This requires significant reductions of greenhouse gas The Climate Action Roadmap presents actions emissions at all sectors as well as increasing towards carbon neutrality. The Roadmap is carbon sinks. updated annually, and future development targets include climate change adaptation, actions on Päijät-Häme region achieved a Hinku (Towards increasing carbon sinks and indicators to follow Carbon Neutral Municipalities) region status the progress. The Roadmap is a part of national in 2019. The national Hinku network brings Canemure project supported by EU Life program. together forerunner municipalities and regions, which are committed to an 80% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from 2007 levels by ROADMAP Read more: STAKEHOLDERS CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS Stakeholders Climate action requires broad cooperation with different stakeholders including municipalities, companies, higher education institutions and regional actors. Päijät-Häme climate coordination group steers regional activities, and the Regional Council of Päijät-Häme facilitates the work of coordination group. Kymenlaakson Sähkö: Lahti Energy ltd: Heikki Rantula heikki.rantula@ksoy.fi Eeva Lillman eeva.lillman@lahtienergia.fi -
Introductory Particle Cosmology
Introductory Particle Cosmology Luca Doria Institut für Kernphysik Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz Lecture 1 Introduction Mathematical Tools Generic Vector Bases Observation Basis Change Cosmology CMB Vectors in Curved Geometries Cosmological Principle Structure Formation Tensors, Metric Tensor FLRW Metric Red-shift/Distance (Riemann) Manifolds Friedmann Equations Connection Cosmic Distances Geodesics and Curvature Cosmological Models Particle Cosmology General Relativity Dark Matter (Models + Exp.) Equivalence Principle Dark Energy (Models + Exp) Einstein Equations Inflationary Models Standard Model Gravitational Waves Density Perturbations Brief History Particle Content Gauge Principle, CPV, Strong CP EW Symmetry Breaking Beyond the SM Notes and Slides: www.staff.uni-mainz.de/doria/partcosm.html Sommersemester 2018 Luca Doria, JGU Mainz 2 Plan Datum Von Bis Raum 1 Di, 17. Apr. 2018 10:00 12:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 2 Do, 19. Apr. 2018 08:00 10:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 3 Di, 24. Apr. 2018 10:00 12:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 4 Do, 26. Apr. 2018 08:00 10:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 5 Do, 3. Mai 2018 08:00 10:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 6 Di, 8. Mai 2018 10:00 12:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 7 Di, 15. Mai 2018 10:00 12:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 8 Do, 17. Mai 2018 08:00 10:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum H.Minkowski 9 Di, 22. Mai 2018 10:00 12:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum (1864-1909) 10 Do, 24. Mai 2018 08:00 10:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 11 Di, 29. Mai 2018 10:00 12:00 05 119 Minkowski-Raum 12 Di, 5. -
Green Concrete Based on Quaternary Binders with Significant Reduced Of
energies Article Green Concrete Based on Quaternary Binders with Significant Reduced of CO2 Emissions Grzegorz Ludwik Golewski Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, Nadbystrzycka 40 Str., 20-618 Lublin, Poland; [email protected]; Tel.: +48-81-538-4394 Abstract: The article presents studies of plain concretes prepared based on a quaternary binder containing various percentages of selected supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The possibilities of nanotechnology in concrete technology were also used. An additional important environmental goal of the proposed solution was to create the possibility of reducing CO2 emissions and the carbon footprint generated during the production of ordinary Portland cement (OPC). As the main substitute for the OPC, siliceous fly ash (FA) was used. Moreover, silica fume (SF) and nanosilica (nS) were also used. During examinations, the main mechanical properties of composites, i.e., compressive strength (f cm) and splitting tensile strength (f ctm), were assessed. The microstructure of these materials was also analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). In addition to the experimental research, simulations of the possible reduction of CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, as a result of the proposed solutions, were also carried out. It was found that the quaternary concrete is characterized by a well-developed structure and has high values of mechanical parameters. Further- more, the use of green concrete based on quaternary binders enables a significant reduction in CO2 emissions. Therefore quaternary green concrete containing SCMs could be a useful alternative to plain concretes covering both the technical and environmental aspects. The present study indicates Citation: Golewski, G.L. -
Form + Function: Optimizing Aesthetic Product Design Via Adaptive, Geometrized Preference Elicitation
Form + Function: Optimizing Aesthetic Product Design via Adaptive, Geometrized Preference Elicitation Namwoo Kang ,* Yi Ren ,† Fred Feinberg ,‡ and Panos Papalambros § Abstract Visual design is critical to product success, and the subject of intensive marketing research effort. Yet visual elements, due to their holistic and interactive nature, do not lend themselves well to optimization using extant decompositional methods for preference elicitation. Here we present a systematic methodology to incorporate interactive, 3D-rendered product configurations into a conjoint-like framework. The method relies on rapid, scalable machine learning algorithms to adaptively update product designs along with standard information-oriented product attributes. At its heart is a parametric account of a product’s geometry, along with a novel, adaptive “bi- level” query task that can estimate individuals’ visual design form preferences and their trade-offs against such traditional elements as price and product features. We illustrate the method’s perfor- mance through extensive simulations and robustness checks, a formal proof of the bi-level query methodology’s domain of superiority, and a field test for the design of a mid-priced sedan, us- ing real-time 3D rendering for an online panel. Results indicate not only substantially enhanced predictive accuracy, but two quantities beyond the reach of standard conjoint methods: trade-offs between form and function overall, and willingness-to-pay for specific design elements. More- arXiv:1912.05047v1 [cs.HC] 10 Dec 2019 over – and most critically for applications – the method provides “optimal” visual designs for both individuals and model-derived or analyst-supplied consumer groupings, as well as their sensitivities to form and functional elements. -
China's First Step Towards Probing the Expanding Universe and the Nature of Gravity Using a Space Borne Gravitational Wave
PERSPECTIVE https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-021-00529-z OPEN China’s first step towards probing the expanding universe and the nature of gravity using a space borne gravitational wave antenna The Taiji Scientific Collaboration* In this perspective, we outline that a space borne gravitational wave detector network combining LISA and Taiji can be used to measure the Hubble constant with an uncertainty less than 0.5% in ten years, compared with the network of the ground based gravitational wave detectors which can measure the Hubble constant within a 2% uncertainty in the next five years by the standard siren method. Taiji is a Chinese space borne gravitational wave 1234567890():,; detection mission planned for launch in the early 2030 s. The pilot satellite mission Taiji-1 has been launched in August 2019 to verify the feasibility of Taiji. The results of a few tech- nologies tested on Taiji-1 are presented in this paper. he observation of gravitational waves (GWs) enables us to explore the Universe in more Tdetails than that is currently known. By testing the theory of general relativity, it can unveil the nature of gravity. In particular, a GW can be used to determine the Hubble constant by a standard siren method1,2. This method3 was first used by the Advanced LIGO4 and Virgo5 observatories when they discovered GW event GW1708176. Despite the degeneracy problem in the ground-based GW detectors, the Hubble constant can reach a precision of 2% after a 5-year observation with the network of the current surface GW detectors6, although LIGO’s O3 data have shown that the chance to detect electromagnetic (EM) counterpart might be a little optimistic7.