March 15, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5399 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS FOSTER FURCOLO'S EDUCATION [Seal of the University of Massachusetts Education is not just the best hope of men RECORD WHILE GOVERNOR 0863)] and women today; it is their only hope. Pov­ THE HoNoRABLE FosTER FuRcoLo erty has many roots, but it's tap root is ig­ CITED BY FORMER HEW SEC­ norance. Education opens the way to RETARY JOSEPH CALIFANO Distinguished son of the Connecticut progress in the struggle against want and in­ DURING DEDICATION OF Valley; lawyer and teacher; Congressman justice. Education is the path to a society FOSTER FURCOLO HALL, 0949-1952); State Treasurer and Receiver that is not only free but civilized; and most General 0952-1955); Governor of the Com­ SCHOOL OF EDUCATION, UNI­ monwealth 0957-1961). importantly, it is the path to peace. For it is VERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS, The Horace Mann of the twentieth centu­ education that elevates reason above force. AMHERST Foster Furcolo understands this. He has a ry: prime sponsor of expanded public and special faith in the importance of education private loan and scholarship program for as an investment in the future of our nation HON. EDWARD P. BOLAND needy students; father of an expanded Uni­ and in the future of our people as individ­ versity of Massachusetts; creator of the uals. OF MASSACHUSETTS Community College System, Southeastern Massachusetts University, Lowell Universi­ I speak this morning of university educa­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion not in a narrow sense. It is the responsi­ ty, and the improved state college system. bility of a university to provide its students Tuesday, March 15, 1983 with the capacity to look beyond the narrow THE DEDICATION OF THE SCHOOL OF EDUCA­ horizons of their major and minor subjects, e Mr. BOLAND. Mr. Speaker, former TION BUILDING IN HONOR OF THE HONORA­ to develop in students the creative imagina­ Gov. Foster Furcolo of Massachusetts BLE FOSTER FuRCOLO tion that spawns new ideas, to stir in stu­ was honored recently by the Universi­

e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 5400 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 15, 1983 colo, "but are uneducated to spend it wisely. belt-tightening for Americans, a time when vember 10, 1982, Andropov was consecrated For science alone is not enough, it is charac­ we must navigate the treacherous straits as the new General Secretary. Since then, ter even more than intellect that moves the from affluence to austerity. There is simply he has been able to move some of his own world. Science unchecked by moral and spir­ less money available to us, and we have to men into key positions, aided considerably itual values is a positive menace to mankind. choose among pressing and deserving public by the advanced years and ailing health of Knowledge and power in the hands of evil needs. There have to be some cuts in the many of the men in the Politburo and the and unprincipled men threatens our surviv­ Federal budget, at least until the economy Central Committee. al today. The corruption of the best is the is well again. We all have our disagreements In fact, there are indications that a bitter worst of all." And in that same address in about the wisdom, the fairness, even the struggle for the succession was being waged 1958, "The need is for more than intellectu­ harshness of some of those cuts. But none, behind the scenes for about a year before al competence, it is for conscience too, con­ none is so short-sighted, so certain to lose Brezhnev succumbed to his terminal stroke, science guided by morality and principle." the war by winning the wrong battle, so sub­ and that Andropov made full use of his And the following year in 1959, Foster versive of our National interests, and so of­ KGB dossiers in elbowing his competition Furcolo told those graduates, "A creative fensive to fundamental precepts of social aside. The corruption scandal involving mind must be free to search for truth, and justice as the hatcheting of higher educa­ Brezhnev's own daughter Galina or to have rality and grandeur of service rather than Tuesday, March 15, 1983 achieved important political positions in of mere income. Should not creative individ­ Stalin's time. They will have climbed the uals strive to see how best to serve their • Mr. McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, the Party ladder in a period when the Soviet fellow man rather than how their fellow seizure of power by Yuri Andropov has Union was not seriously threatened from man or the community can best serve been remarkably swift and certain. outside and was emerging-rapidly, with them." Most of the so-called experts spoke of Brezhnev's breakneck military build-up-as It is especially fitting to single out this the time Andropov would need to con­ the foremost military power in the world. man at this great public University in his solidate his power and how long the They are likely to be cynical about ideology, home state. For in June of 1960, three years jockeying for power would go on. None but may be more aggressive than the before Lyndon Johnson would become our present generation in pursuing adventurist Nation's greatest education President, of that is apparent. How and why policies abroad, because they rose to the top Foster Furcolo made it clear that he was Andropov was able to do this, and how at a time when the Soviets were more pow­ our Nation's greatest education Governor. he may proceed in the future, was erful, and more confident of their place in In East Glacier, Montana, at the National very ably set forth in the new intelli­ the world, than ever before. Governors' Conference, on June 27, 1960, gence publication Early Warning, in 3. Resentment against Andropov probably Foster Furcolo proposed a new and revolu­ its February 1983 issue. It makes ex­ still simmers among displaced rivals like tionary education plan. An ingenious insur­ cellent reading for those of my col­ Konstanin Chernenko (widely believed to ance annuity plan for the Federal govern­ leagues who wish to learn more about have been groomed by Brezhnev as his suc­ ment, designed to provide adequate finan­ cessor> and may run deep if-as seems cial assistance so that any student in our Mr. Andropov. likely-he made full use of the intimidatory Nation could go to the university of his or ANDROPOV SEIZES POWER power of the KGB to ensure his emergence her choice without regard to his or her fi­ Viewed from afar, the transition from as General Secretary. nancial pedigree. Brezhnev to Andropov appeared remarkably 4. The Soviet armed forces have reason to What a contrast we see in the world smooth as well as exceptionally swift­ be thankful to Brezhnev, who devoted about today. We all realize that this is a time of within two days of Brezhnev's death on No- 15 percent of the GNP to defense, at the ex- March 15, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5401 pense of consumers and the economy in gen­ where he specialized in rounding up Ukrain­ cisively. The Soviets have already embarked eral. Both Brezhnev, in his last year, and ian nationlists and others of doubtful loyal­ on a new "peace offensive" intended to Andropov, since taking over, have been care­ ties and organizing mass executions. In derail the NATO plan for the deployment of ful to make unusual obeisances to the 1954-55, Fedorchuk personally arranged the medium-range missiles to offset Russia's 340 armed forces.

5404 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 15, 1983 j ( SOVIET JEWRY SOLIDARITY END NUCLEAR ARMS BUILDUP probably threatens America's national secu­ DAY rity." As Americans whose way of life depends HON. MARCY KAPTUR upon a secure defense, and as business lead­ HON. ROBERT A. BORSKI OF OHIO ers whose quality of life depends upon a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sound economy, we must emphasize our OF PENNSYLVANIA considered judgment that the present mas­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Tuesday, March 15, 1983 sive build-up of nuclear armaments by the superpowers is eroding the military and eco­ Tuesday, March 15, 1983 eMs. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, before the House of Representatives votes to­ nomic stability of both the United States • Mr. BORSKI. Mr. Speaker, today is morrow on House Joint Resolution 13, and the Soviet Union. Enough is enough. the opening of the third World Con­ Rather than waiting for the Soviet Union to the bilateral nuclear freeze resolution, define the terms of the debate, America ference on Soviet Jewry in Jerusalem I would like to commend to the atten­ should lead the way in breaking the nuclear and communities all over the United tion of my colleagues, both a letter stand-off. We must now take comprehen­ States are observing a day of solidarity which all of us received from the Busi­ sive, workable steps to halt the destabilizing with Soviet Jews. To commemorate ness Executives for National Security, technological escalation of Soviet and Amer­ this occasion and demonstrate support Inc. . Inc., a national, non-partisan orga­ expect the freeze to save at least against Jews in employment and edu­ nization of business executives and entre­ $84,200,000,000 over the next five years. cation is on the rise, and increasing preneurs concerned about America's funda­ Recent budgetary analyses by Pentagon of­ mental national security, I would like to ficials indicate that the freeze might save numbers of Jews are being arrested share with you our thoughts on House Joint much more, due to underestimated costs of and imprisoned for engaging in Jewish Resolution 13, which was reported out of the planned military build-up. cultural activities. the Foreign Affairs Committee March 8th. BENS recognizes that negotiating an ac­ The deteriorating condition of BENS presented a statement to that Com­ ceptable nuclear weapons freeze presents a Soviet Jewry is dramatically reflected mittee on the bilateral nuclear weapons difficult short-term challenge. But this is "freeze" proposal and has given very careful clearly offset, in our judgment, by the pro­ in last year's emigration figures. In consideration to it. 1982, only 2,688 Jews were allowed to posal's long-term benefits-benefits such as BENS examined the proposal from this initiation of a thorough review of our na­ leave the Soviet Union, as compared to point of view: the best defense for the tional security strategy, avoidance of unnec­ 51,320 in 1979. United States would be based on compre­ essary destabilization, a better chance of The Helsinki Final Act recognizes hensive and up-to-date assessments of our halting nuclear proliferation, and lower the basic right of emigration for per­ most pressing security needs, with an effec­ military expenditures. Unless we move now, tive long-range strategy for a strong nation­ as House Joint Resolution 13 envisions, sons seeking family unification. As a al defense based on those needs. America's signatory of the Helsinki accords, the these decisive benefits will be lost. defense budget is enormous, and we are all More significant than the direct budget­ Soviet Government is violating its being asked to make sacrifices to support it. ary savings are the likely indirect effects of agreement to respect the right of BENS wants to know whether the benefits the freeze on the economy. The stabilizing Soviet Jews to join their families produced are sufficient in the light of our investment. effect of an ease in arins race tensions could abroad. BENS is deeply concerned that our strate­ stimulate East-West trade and expand our The struggle of Soviet Jews is a gic priorities are not at all clear. Senior de­ foreign markets. National productivity struggle for justice, compassion, and fense analysts such as John Collins and could be improved as resources, capital, and humanity. Soviet Jewry's greatest George Kuhn are increasingly describing skilled workers move from non-productive our highest-level military decisions as prod­ weapons procurement to civilian industrial hope lies in knowing the world has not research and development. We could then forgotten their plight. We must con­ ucts of institutional momentum, inter-serv­ ice competition, and the sheer availability rebuild our domestic competitiveness while tinue to speak out against Soviet of new technologies. As we told the Foreign expanding our exports. human rights abuses, and do every­ Affairs Committee during the recent hear­ A bilateral halt to the nuclear arins race is thing in our power to exert pressure ings, "The United States must have a strong in the best interests of our businesses and on the Soviet Government to comply defense. . . . Effectively countering our our nation. We strongly urge you to support with international law and improve its Soviet adversaries requires a security policy House Joint Resolution 13 to press the treatment of Soviet Jews. based on more than constantly reacting and Soviet Union to adopt a mutual, verifiable confronting one another with dooinsday. nuclear weapons freeze at this time. Such I urge you to join with me in demon­ Rather, we must see our national security in action is essential if the United States is to strating our support for the cause of its total economic and political context.... maintain its place as an economic, political, Soviet Jewry by proclaiming March 15, Good business sense tells us that making de­ and moral leader of nations. 1983, "Soviet Jewry Solidarity Day."e fense decisions without clear strategies Sincerely, backed by careful cost-benefit analyses STANLEY A. WEISS, i March 15, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5405 President, Business Executives for Na­ through to completion-and bringing it into each generation's youth played an impor­ tional Security, Inc., and Chairman, force through ratification. tant role in developing our great nation into American Minerals, Inc. The United States' recent performance in what it is now. Our youth of today is not this regard is, of course, less than reassur­ different. [From the New York Times, Mar. 15, 19831 ing. Three treaties negotiated by Republi­ In World War I, we were the Doughboys. A FREEZE BENEFITS Us BOTH can and Democratic Presidents in the last young men who courageously fought for

) I 5406 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 15, 1983 only 81 were granted exit visas, initiat­ dent record transfer system and remain so adamant in insisting that the MX other interstate coordination activities since e Mr. O'BRIEN. Mr. Speaker, the program should continue and that the they are not specifically mentioned in the Chicago Tribune, in the following edi­ brainstormers can find an acceptable basing budget? torial published March 11, makes the mode if they tear their hair long enough? 2. Since ECIA references statutory stipu­ point that all the ideas for basing the There are two main reasons: the ambitions lations under Title I of the Elementary and MX missile have one thing in common: of the Air Force and the resistance of U.S. Secondary Education Act, did the adminis­ They are all bad. strategic thinking to consider fundamental tration consult with the States in its making "If fixed land-based missiles are vulnera­ changes. recommendations for budget expenditures ble to Soviet attack," the Tribune goes on to The Air Force wants the MX because it to specifically carry out the interstate co­ say, "and if there is no sensible way to make wants to remain the dominant service in ordination activities and MSRTS? them mobile and therefore invulnerable, strategic weapons. It now controls two legs 3. Mention is made that the number of mi­ then the strategic emphasis must be shifted of the strategic triad: manned bombers grant children served by the program was to the sea. There are advantages and disad­ and land-based strategic missiles, Study questions the use of those figures? emphasis are weighed against the disadvan­ mainly the 1,000 Minutemen in their silos. 4. Why do you wish to cut back the five tages, it is clear that the MX program and The Navy, with its missile-carrying subma­ year provision migrant students to two year its corollary concept of land-based mobility rines, controls the third leg of the triad. when in fact the Chapter 1, LEA program should be scrapped." The missile leg is becoming obsolescent children are funded and served up to ten Hard as it is for the Air Force, and because of the increasing accuracy of Soviet years through the use of the census count? for ·world War II Air Corps veterans missiles. If the Soviet accuracy is as great as 5. How do you propose to differentiate be­ like myself, to accept, the Tribune is it is said to be then the Minuteman 1, LEA program children in determining the force could be suddenly wiped out in a sur­ To question the validity of the triad is prise Soviet attack, leaving the United length of time they shall be served? almost like questioning the concept of the 6. If the Congress were to support your States in a strategically vulnerable position. trinity. But it is becoming increasingly clear If no way can be found to overcome that recommendation that the five year provi­ that this attitude has to change. sion children be reduced to 2 years, how do vulnerability, then it will become necessary you propose that those children be served in The editorial follows: to shift the emphasis to submarines at sea­ meaning that the rival U.S. Navy would be the future? [Editorial from the Chicago Tribune, Mar. 7. How did you arrive at the figure that 70 11, 1983] the preeminent strategic service. That is LET's FoRGET THE MX enough to wilt the wings of any square­ percent of the migrant children were not jawed man in blue. moving when it is our understanding that There is something about the MX missile Which brings us to the basic tenet of stra­ the States can document that a larger per­ that brings out the harebrained in strategic tegic doctrine: the venerable triad, which cent actually move? thinking. The brainstormers in the Penta­ gon and in the defense industry have come has acquired an almost religious significance 8. What prompted the administration to in strategic planning for the missile age. To recommend a change in the , definition of up with dozens of basing systems for the in­ aptly named "Peacekeeper," each more out­ question the validity of the triad is almost active migrant children when the Congress like questioning the concept of the trinity. in passing the ECIA did not intend that landish than the last. The planners have given us racetrack, But it is becoming increasingly clear that such a change be made? this attitude has to change. 9. How many letters and/or comments drag strip, big bird, sea sitter and dense pack. Wt!'ve had the missiles rolling around If fixed land-based missiles are vulnerable have been received from the migrant com­ to surprise Soviet attack, and if there is no munity and general public opposing the the country on interstate highways and rail­ roads. We've had them popping up through sensible way to make them mobile and changes in the regulations? the earth from tunnels, hiding on the south therefore invulnerable, then the strategic 10. Does the administration, as it has con­ sides of mesas, floating untended on the emphasis must be shifted to the sea. There stantly emphasized, intend to listen to the ocean and lurking on the bottom of Lake are advantages and disadvantages to a sea­ community reactions to regulatory changes Michigan. In desperation, the planners have borne emphasis. One advantage is the firm and to the wishes of the States in determin­ thrown up their hands and recommended expectation that strategic missile-carrying ing what is best for them? sticking MX in the same holes now being submarines will remain invulnerable for the 11. How can the continuity of education of used for Minuteman missiles. foreseeable future. Another is that it makes migrant children be carried out fully if the Some of the ideas are bad because they targets on the U.S. land mass, where we all Federal government does not give full sup­ are prohibitively expensive, such as the live, less attractive to the Soviets who aim port to a program that addresses a national racetrack scheme that would have used the missiles. Still another is the steadily im­ problem? more concrete than in any project in histo­ proving range, accuracy and undetectability 12. In the case of migrant children, does ry. Some are bad because they are political­ of submarine missile systems as the Trident the administration understand why the ly ridiculous, such as dodging the missiles II system becomes operational. Congress passed Public Law 89-750 as an through traffic on the interstates. Some are Disadvantages include the difficulties of amendment to Public Law 89-10? bad because nobody knows for sure if they'll communicating with submarines at sea-al­ 13. Is the administration aware that the work, such as dense pack. Some are bad be­ though some of the worst of those difficul­ migrant program is primarily a rural pro­ cause they would violate international ties can be overcome. Another disadvantage gram and that in many cases there are not agreements, such as putting them in Lake is that the Soviets will be able to shift mili­ Chapter 1, LEA programs available to serve Michigan. Some are bad because they are dangerous, such as leaving them untended tary resources to the problem of detecting these children? How then do the enhance­ in ocean canisters that could be lost or and destroying strategic submarines, per­ ments to the LEA program address this stolen. Some are bad because they don't haps hastening the day when strategic sub­ problem? solve the problem, such as putting them in marines become obsolescent. 14. Has the administration conducted a Minuteman silos. But when the advantages of a seaborne study or comparisons of federal funds going What all the ideas have in common is that strategic emphasis are weighed against the to and related service offered by urban they are bad. None can make the MX mis­ disadvantages, it is clear that the MX pro­ school districts as opposed to rural school sile invulnerable to surprise Soviet attack in gram and its corollary concept of land-based districts? • a way that is safe and at a price, both politi­ mobility should be scrapped. Enough time, cal and financial, that the country can rea­ money and Rube Goldberg thinking has sonable afford. That, in turn, means that gone into that ill-fated missile. Let's let it the MX missile cannot become a sensible re- go.e 5408 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 15, 1983 MILTON FIRESTONE Most important, if we do not enact Section 4(h) of the Pacific Northwest this legislation, 6,400 jobs will be ad­ Electric Power Planning and Conservation HON. ALAN WHEAT versely affected because none of the 3 Act requires federal concern for natural re­ million roadless acres will be available sources. The act requires the Pacific North­ OF MISSOURI west Electric Power Planning and Conserva­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for hunting, fishing, hiking, or com­ mercial activities. tion Council to protect, mitigate and en­ Tuesday, March 15, 1983 hance fish and wildlife resources of the Co­ Mr. Speaker, I commend to the at­ lumbia River Basin affected by projects. e Mr. WHEAT. Mr. Speaker, I am tention of our colleagues an article Passage of the wilderness bill would give the greatly saddened by the death March written by Rod Munro, former presi­ best of all possible protection to resources 6, 1983, of a leading Kansas Citian, dent of the Izaak Walton League's necessary to achieve that goal. Milton Firestone, president and editor Oregon Division. It is a thoughtful Much of the area proposed for wilderness of the Kansas City Jewish Chronicle. and well-reasoned piece which should is at the higher elevations, above the pro­ A graduate of Central High School be carefully read before the vote on ductive, lower cutover timber-producing in Kansas City, Mr. Firestone received the Oregon wilderness bill. Let me also lands held by the federal and state govern­ his bachelor's degree in economics at add that this guest editorial appeared ments and private owners. Several hundred the University of Kansas in 1947. He in the Oregonian, Oregon's largest thousand acres of these lower, highly pro­ was a Phi Beta Kappa and president newspaper which has endorsed the ductive cutover timberlands that presently of the Jewish Union while at KU. Oregon Wilderness Act. have not been reforested by their owners Through his dedicated service as [From the Oregonian, Mar. 4, 1983] should be replanted to provide future editor of the Kansas City Jewish timber. Improved managment of these lands WILDERNESS ACT OFFERS SENSIBLE would maximize wood fiber growth and pro­ Chronicle since 1963, Mr. Firestone COMPROMISE TO OPPOSING FACTIONS played an influential role in the vide a continued supply of jobs.

Ji j ) f I f \ March 15, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5409 THE NEED FOR PRODUCTIVITY­ research, development, and capital in­ lege; Mr. Riachard P. Traina, dean of NATIONAL PRODUCTIVITY IM­ vestment and better training of work­ the college at Franklin & Marshall PROVEMENT WEEK ers to give some examples-but there College; Mr. Richard L. Van Horn, is one thing that we can do to get the Provost at Carnegie-Mellon Universi­ HON. ELUOTI H. LEVITAS ball rolling and that is to stress the re­ ty; and Mr. Harrison M. Wright, pro­ OF GEORGIA lationship of productivity to inflation vost at Swarthmore College. I com­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES by bringing it to the attention of the mend their statement to my colleagues American people. attention. Tuesday, March 15, 1983 The American Institute of Industrial WHAT WE EXPECT-A STATEMENT ON PREPAR­ • Mr. LEVITAS. Mr. Speaker, we are Engineers is again sponsoring the Na­ ING FOR COLLEGE BY THE DEANS OF 12 PENN­ beginning to emerge from the worst tional Productivity Improvement SYLVANIA COLLEGES recession since the 1930's. But the Week, to focus more attention on this Most freshmen entering highly competi­ problems of the American economy vital subject. AilE chapters all over tive colleges arrive on campus with top­ will not come to an end unless some the Nation are participating in this ranked secondary school averages and im­ basic fundamental changes are made. event. The theme is "Pride and Pro­ pressive SAT scores. Some, from their first At the top of the list, there is a ductivity-A Rewarding Team," and day in class, do well, fulfilling our high ex­ weapon in our economic arsenal that posters extolling this fact will be on pectations for them. Others falter educa­ has been too long overlooked, and it is bulletin boards throughout hundreds tionally, not sure why they are in college, or a weapon that most of us can agree on. of communities. They will also be con­ how to study, or what to study, or why. What is more, it is a weapon which in­ tacting the media-newspapers, radio, Some college students take several semes­ dividual citizens, business enterprises, television, and others-to help explain ters to begin gaining full advantage of the opportunities for learning that surround and governments-local, State, and the importance of productivity im­ them; some never gain that advantage. Federal-can pick up and use. This un­ provement and help turn this around Secondary school teachers and adminis­ heralded weapon is productivity im­ for America. trators see the same problem from their provement. Today I am joined by SILVIO CONTE perspective, and some have shared their Productivity is a comparison-com­ in introducing a House joint resolution concerns with us. We think a major reason paring the values of what is produced to proclaim October 3 through 9 as some students succeed and others are not as with what is neended to produce it. In National Productivity Improvement successful lies in the kind and character of other words, productivity is input com­ Week and we invite each of you to join their secondary school preparation, not in pared with output. Productivity en­ us in this effort. their test scores and grades. We are sharing our observations for two compasses the contributions of all re­ The Joint Economic Committee in a purposes. First, we want to offer high sources of production: Technology, report on productivity and inflation school students guidance in their selection capital, energy, and the human effort said: of courses. Second, we want to assist par­ and skills needed to manage them. A A rising rate of productivity growth can ents, faculty, administrators, and school nation or an industry advances by reduced inflation over time and will gener­ boards as they seek to offer high school stu­ using less of these resources to turn ate greater incentives to capital formation dents an education that will serve them well out more products and services. and productivity growth. in a challenging world. We believe that the This has been true throughout • • • • • pluralism of American higher education, American history, our ability to The time has come to end the long neglect beneficial though it is, confuses some col­ of lagging productivity growth in the analy­ lege-bound students. Even among the insti­ produce more in less time and with tutions we serve, the requirements for ad­ fewer resources has helped raise our sis of economic events-not only in the anal­ ysis of real growth over the longer run, but mission and for graduation vary widely, as standard of living. the dynamic process of accelerating infla­ do the available majors and areas of special­ This natural yielding of more bene­ tion. ization. Despite these differences, we, as fits from improved use of resources academic deans, share a belief in a basic set works well when allowed to function. We urge each of you to join in this of priorities for collegebound students. The problem comes when increases in effort.e Our concern here is with preparation for college-level work, and not with the require­ productive output or quality fail to ments for admission to a college. Our con­ cover increases in the cost of labor or WHAT WE EXPECT cern is with the special skills, attitudes, and other resources used. This creates in­ motivation which students bring to college flationary prices because when pro­ HON. ROBERT S. WALKER that let them participate effectively in the ductivity falters while a producer's learning experiences open to them. Securing OF PENNSYLVANIA admission to college is important; more im­ costs go up, there is often no other IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES choice-the producer must charge portant is whether the student is prepared Tuesday, March 15, 1983 to make the best use of that opportunity. more for its goods or services in order We hope students-especially those who to stay in business. • Mr. WALKER. Mr. Speaker, the fol­ plan to attend selective colleges-will accept Thus at least one major remedy for lowing college officials recently sent our advice. We hope, too, that our views will inflationary ills is to increase Ameri­ me some valuable information dealing form the basis of a new cooperative effort can productivity, which for the past with the necessary preparation for col­ between colleges and secondary schools entire decade has lagged sadly behind lege. They are: Mr. George Allan, dean leading to the improvement of education at increases of other industrial nations. of the college at Dickinson College; both levels. Toward that end, we began the Since World War II, America has Ms. Mary Maples Dunn, dean of the preparation of this statement by talking watched other countries close the gap undergraduate college at Bryn Mawr with many secondary school educators. We applaud other such efforts. . on its productivity leadership. In 1950, College; Ms. Frances D. Fergusson, We find that students who benefit most for instance, one U.S. worker produced vice president for academic affairs at from our educational programs are those as much as seven workers in Japan Bucknell University; Mr. Andrew T. who enter with certain identifiable attitudes and as much as three in Germany. By Ford, dean of the college at Allegheny and skills-such as persistent curiosity, 1977, it took fewer than 3 Japanese or College; Mr. Robert M. Gavin, provost broad intellectual interests, skill at analyti­ 1.3 Germans to match 1 American. at Haverford College; Mr. Thomas J. cal and critical thinking, a concern for ex­ And by early in 1979 the productivity Hershberger, dean of the faculty at ploring and applying values, an ability to path of America not only sputtered, Chatham College; Mr. John W. Hunt, manage time responsibly, and a willingness to work hard. but showed a downward turn. dean of the College of Arts and Sci­ The development of such attributes is, of } There are several things we can do ence at Lehigh University; Mr. Wil­ course, only partially within the influence l to improve productivity over the long liam A. Jeffers, dean of the college at I of secondary schools. We believe, however, run-tax incentive and fewer govern­ Lafayette College; Mr. David B. Potts, that the content and expectations of sec­ mental restrictions to encourage more dean of the college at Gettysburg Col- ondary school courses can be shaped to en- 5410 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 15, 1983 hance those characteristics that students FOREIGN LANGUAGE knowledge of the basic issues, nomencla­ will later need. Critical thinking skills can Competency in a foreign language, ture, and methods of science-not the least be improved, for example, by the regular modern or classical through the third or because the survival of humanity is at stake. practice of writing papers that require anal­ fourth year of a demanding secondary Circumstances may make it difficult for ysis and interpretation of material. They school program develops a student's lan­ some students to take the maximum can be improved, too, by examinations that guage resourcefulness in a world community number of academic courses available in require students to assess and integrate in­ that increasingly expects that capacity. each of the seven subject areas. Some stu­ formation and ideas, rather than repeating Such competency improves the comprehen­ dents may have to exercise choices-depend­ only what they have memorized. Students sion of a student's native language and cul­ ing upon the strengths of the particular sec­ who must master demanding course materi­ ture, and enhances the student's under­ ondary school program, the aspirations of al within a series of deadlines can learn to standing of humankind. Such competency, the individual student, and even the pecu­ manage time responsibly and appreciate the which is most efficiently gained at an early liarities of scheduling. Yet, despite these rewards of hard work. age, also provides a good basis for further considerations, we stress that students Participation in well-managed extracurric­ language study in college and adds to stu­ should remain determined to complete a ular and cocurricular activities can, as well, dents' scholarly capability by freeing them strong academic program and not substitute help students develop constructive attitudes from dependency upon translations. other courses for those that are fundamen­ and sharpen useful skills. Writing for the tal and exacting. school newspaper, participating in forensic HISTORY The excitement of higher learning is more and theatrical activities, playing in musical The study of American history and cul­ easily gained by those students who arrive organizations or on athletic teams can, if ture and of Western traditions, from the an­ on campus properly equipped for the chal­ purposefully performed, contribute forceful­ cient world to the present, is important to lenge. Successful college students regularly ly to the development of characteristics val­ an understanding of the contemporary cite with admiration secondary school uable to college students. We believe that world. Familiarity with a non-Western cul­ teachers who helped prepare them well. most college-bound students have the capac­ ture adds substantially to that Those students do, in fact, find the learning ity to complete the academic program we comprehension. Further, an appreciation of experience at each level of their education recommend and have ample time to partici­ good government and civic responsibility is to be part of the same grand adventure.e pate in useful, substantial cocurricular and characteristically rooted in an understand­ extracurricular activities. ing of history. An appreciation of historical We believe strongly that our incoming stu­ perspective is, itself, an important educa­ A SALUTE TO THE SIOUX CITY dents need to be well-grounded in seven spe­ tional objective. Indeed, serious conversa­ ELKS LODGE, BPOE NO. 112 cific subject areas. These are the arts, Eng­ tion is not possible when students are igno­ lish language, foreign language, history, lit­ rant either of major historical events, move­ erature, mathematics, and science. In fact, ments, and people or of the general mode of HON. BERKLEY BEDELL we recommend that in these areas students historical discussion and explanation. Such OF IOWA references are fundamental to much of go beyond the typical minimum require­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ments both for secondary school graduation higher education. At least two years of his­ and for admission to college. Competence in torical study at the secondary school level Tuesday, March 15, 1983 each of these areas is crucial for productive are highly valuable. • Mr. BEDELL. Mr. Speaker, I wish to study at the college level. LITERATURE recognize the invaluable contribution We do not believe our colleges should be The study of traditional literary texts that the Sioux City Elks Lodge, BPOE expected to provide general remedial work adds greatly to a student's understanding of to overcome basics deficiencies in prepara­ humankind and human associations. Sys­ No. 112, has made to the small busi­ tion. Some college students, by extra effort, tematic literary study can also better pre­ ness community in Siouxland. do overcome inadequate preparation in pare a student for the reading of contempo­ For several years the Sioux City these essential areas; for other students, rary literature. The experience of reading, Elks Lodge has been the home of however, an initial experience of inadequacy for example, the comedies and tragedies of Chapter No. 104 of the Service Corps in the basis inhibits their intellectual ancient Greek playwrights, the Judaic and of Retired Executives. SCORE is an growth during their entire college years. Christian scriptures, the writings of Shake­ operating division of the U.S. Small The stronger the secondary school prepara­ speare, and the work of more recent writers Business Administration that provides tion is, the more easily a college student can of enduring reputation, provides an excel­ volunteer consulting services to the begin immediately to experience the bene­ lent foundation for further literary inquiry fits of serious academic pursuits. and a fine context for study in many fields. local small business community. Without being prescriptive or intrusive, The student is best prepared by confronting While most of the SCORE Chapter we want to indicate briefly what we mean excellent works in all the major genres­ in American are furnished with space by solid preparation in each of the seven plays, novels, essays, poetry, and short fic­ in Federal office buildings, the Sioux vital subject areas. tion. Some combination of four years of City Elks Club is gracious enough to THE ARTS strong English language courses and litera­ provide their local SCORE Chapter The arts provide a uniquely valuable mode ture courses is expected. with office space free of charge. This of seeing ourselves and the world around us. MATHEMATICS has made it possible for SCORE coun­ In a bureaucratic and technological age, the The field of mathematics grows ever more selors to serve hundreds of new and arts present a necessary balance, a sensitive important. Quantitative analysis is crucial existing small businesses with added link to that which makes us more fully to understanding the complexities of the speed and efficiency. human. Students should be familiar with modern world. Valuing and decision-making the work of some major artists. They should activities often require quantitative judg­ I salute the productive relationship develop an awareness of artistic sensibility ments. The use of algebra, calculus, and sta­ that exists between SCORE Chapter and judgment and an understanding of the tistics is now commonplace in the study of No. 104 and the Sioux City Elks Lodge, creative process. Students should select one many disciplines in college. Computer liter­ BPOE No.112.e or two semester-long courses, taught in an acy is useful even in the humanities. Suffi­ exacting manner, in the areas of music, the­ cient preparation for this range of mathe­ atre, and/or art. matical applications normally requires four LAW OF THE SEA TREATY: ENGLISH LANGUAGE years of secondary school study, resulting in GLOBAL PATERNALISM Students must have a command of Eng­ a readiness for beginning college calculus. lish grammar and well.developed composi­ SCIENCE HON. JACK FIELDS tional skills. Students should take courses in The study for one year each of biology, OF TEXAS / chemistry, and physics is highly desirable; several subject areas that require closely IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ( reasoned compositions involving both con­ at the very least, a student should take one crete and abstract thought, as well as some year of two of these sciences and perhaps Tuesday, March 15, 1983 j fundamental library research activities. two years of one science. Familiarity with e Mr. FIELDS. Mr. Speaker, Mrs. Courses that develop student abilities to use the basic sciences has long been a hallmark writing to form and exchange ideas and to of the educated person and is now a Kirkpatrick has probably done more write and speak English with clarity and common, practical necessity. To understand than any other individual to reveal the l style are among the most important courses the relationships among science, technolo­ true nature of the United Nations and 1 they can take. gy, and public policy makes crucial some its resulting antics. I insert in the I I I March 15, 1983 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 5411 RECORD her recent article which ap­ well as on transborder data flow; and so wealth, in this view, are seen as intrinsically peared in Regulation magazine. forth. unjust. Justice, therefore, requires redistrib­ Once again, Mrs. Kirkpatrick points There has been, in recent years, a verita­ uting wealth from the rich nations to the out the ideological, political, and tech­ ble explosion of UN regulatory activity. It poor nations. That is another way of saying has occurred for a number of reasons, some that the political culture that prevails in nical distortions which afflict U.N. very good and obvious ones. Important the UN system on economic matters has two regulatory efforts generally, and the among these is the emergence of a number distinctive characteristics: It asserts the Law of the Sea Treaty specifically. of new areas of activity that seem to many need for a more equal distribution of the Mrs. Kirkpatrick points out that U.N. to require some sort of multinational agree­ world's wealth and it provides a moral justi­ regulation is little more than an in­ ment. The driving forces have included fication for that redistribution. It is hostile strument for the redistribution of technological advance and, of course, grow­ or at best indifferent to the production of what is called the world's wealth. She ing interdependence in the world economy. wealth in general and to those corporations observes, "Global socialism is the ex­ These are very real forces and require a re­ in particular which operate across national pected and, from the point of view of sponse. boundaries or whose owner­ Moreover, international regulation is not ship is multinational. many, the desired result." always hostile to free enterprise, or to the Mr. Speaker, this persistent, ideolog­ smooth operation of markets, or to econom­ Political distortion ical drive to institute global socialism ic development, or to the efficient produc­ These ideological factors inevitably come as the keystone of international rela­ tion of wealth. Some kinds of multinational into play as regulatory negotiations are un­ tions and international law under the agreements under some circumstances-con­ dertaken and carried out under UN auspic­ title of the New International Eco­ sider GATT, the General Agreement on es. To this ideological context is added the nomic Order, is precisely why the Law Tariffs and Trade, for example-can serve political structure of the United Nations, a of the Sea Treaty has been, and must to facilitate commerce by achieving mutual very important and very little understood reductions in national barriers to interna­ factor. The United Nations is not simply a continue to be rejected. The interna­ tional trade and investment, by harmonizing body in which representatives of 157 sover­ tional class struggle theorists at the national regulations, by providing a secure eign nations meet. It is a body in which U.N. persist in the curious notion that legal framework for international economic groups interact very much as individuals there is such a thing as the world's activities. form parties in legislatures. property, and that it all belongs to The tendency toward greater intergovern­ Nations in the United Nations are orga­ them for their enlightened administra­ mental consultation can be both helpful and nized into a series of overlapping groups, or tion and rule. Their collective ambi­ healthy. It would prevail, almost surely, blocs, and the business of the United Na­ tion reaches literally to the stars. even if the United Nations did not exist, be­ tions takes place through the interaction of The article follows: cause of the growing interdependence of the these groups. There is, for example, the world economy. That is demonstrated, I be­ Soviet bloc, there is the European Commu­ GLOBAL PATERNALISM-THE UNITED NATIONS lieve, by the increasing use of such consulta­ nity bloc, there is the Nonaligned bloc, AND THE NEW INTERNATIONAL REGULATORY tive mechanisms by the industrialized there is the Group of 77. Economic Cooperation and Development. poses; the Nonaligned is the third world or­ Each of manent representative to the United Na­ But the United Nations does exist, and these blocs has its own particular dynamic. tions and a member of President Reagan's within it an ever more active role is played Each of them has a problem, too-which is Cabinet, is on leave from her posts as resi­ by those organizations involved in one or to maintain its own internal unity and cohe­ dent scholar of the American Enterprise In­ another kind of international regulatory ac­ sion. The blocs are formed as small nations stitute and distinguished university profes­ tivity. And within the UN context, even try to develop greater strength by joining sor at Georgetown University.) when genuine problems are being addressed, together, and they get that strength only at The range, the sheer proliferation, of there are invariably some powerful factors the price of maintaining their own internal United Nations activities aimed at the regu­ and motives at work pushing UN regulatory unity. lation of international business and com­ initiatives in some very unfortunate direc­ But each of the blocs is filled with inter­ merce is simply awesome. These UN regula­ tions. The process of regulation in the nal contradictions because of their mem­ tory initiatives extend quite literally from United Nations is distorted at several bers' conflicting interests and very different the depths of the oceans to the heavens, levels-at the ideological level, the political perspectives. They maintain unity chiefly from the Law of the Sea Convention to an level, the technical level and, finally, at the by aggregating concern for all the specific agreement-and this is a formal title-An level of implementation. interests of all the specific members. At last Agreement Covering the Activities of States count, the G-77 had 126 members, and it is on the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies. Ideological distortion not much of an exaggeration to say that the Nor are the more mundane economic activi­ The first distortion occurs, I think, at the G-77's bargaining positions very frequently ties in between neglected. The UN pursues ideological level. How an issue is defined has turn out to be the sum total of all those regulatory codes of a very general nature­ obvious consequences for how it is going to members' demands. That adds up to a lot of for example, the Commission on Transna­ be dealt with. And in the UN context the demands. This method of establishing a ne­ tional Corporations' draft code on the con­ definition of the issue gets shaped, natural­ gotiating position by accumulation, so to duct of transnational corporations-as well ly, by the dominant ideology. Unfortunately speak, naturally results in some very unreal­ as some aimed at specific industries, such as for us Americans-and for anyone interest­ istic demands. It also gives the most ex­ the infant formula code adopted by the ed in economic growth and development­ treme positions of the most extreme mem­ World Health Organization in 1981. the dominant ideology in the United Na­ bers of the group a decisive effect on the ne­ A very small sampling of UN activities un­ tions concerning economic regulation is a gotiating position of the total group. A dertaken in the last two years would include version of class war that has been developed bloc's unity-particularly the unity of a big negotiations within the UN Conference on by a kind of gross adaptation of Marxist cat­ bloc, and to a certain extent of a smaller Trade and Development on a egories to relations among nations. Accord­ bloc, too-is bought, in many cases, at the code of conduct for the transfer of technolo­ ing to this version of class war, the many price of the group's acquiescence in the gy, and another code on conditions for the poor nations are locked in a bitter and ongo­ most extreme demands of its most extreme registration of ships; efforts within the ing struggle with the few rich nations, very members. World Intellectual Property Organization much as the working class or proletariat is, to revise the Paris according to Marxist ideology, locked in an Technical distortion Industrial Property Convention governing ongoing struggle with the few capitalists And that is not all. There is also distortion the international patent system; the Food inside nations. at the technical level where it is important and Agriculture Organization's deliberations According to this theory, if property isn't to note, the people who shape the negotia­ on a code of conduct in the trade and use of theft, it is something very much like it. And tions and the debates concerning regulation pesticides; work done under the aegis of the because poverty, in this view, is caused by almost invariably utterly lack technical ex­ UN Environmental Program on toxic chemi­ exploitation, the very fact of underdevelop­ pertise about the matters to be negotiated, cals and on a convention for the protection ment is seen as proof that a nation has been to be regulated. Therefore, political con­ of the stratospheric ozone layer; efforts exploited. Wealth, on the other hand, is cerns dominate. The process of goalsetting within the UN Commission on Transna­ seen as won by exploiting others. The very and problem-defining is governed not by tional Corporations to develop international fact of affluence proves that a nation has consideration of what is technically neces­ standards on accounting and reporting as been guilty of exploitation. Disparities of sary, desirable, or feasible, but quite simply 5412 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS March 15, 1983 by the politics of the blocs, in the political the economic resources of the ocean have position that its right to carry out seabed culture of international class struggle. become much more important-or, more ac­ mining, subject to reasonable regard for the Politics at the UN takes a rather pure curately, we have thought of ways to make interests of other states, will not be affected form, worthy of our state legislatures at the them more important to us. The world's by its decision not to sign the convention. turn of the century. There is a good deal of harvest of fish has grown sharply, oil in in­ Clearly, however, it would have been in the vote trading, arm-twisting, demagoguery, creasing amounts is being extracted from best interest of all parties if the convention playing to the galleries, a certain amount of the continental shelf, and, of course, the had contained an acceptable seabed mining buying and selling, logrolling, and pork-bar­ prospects of deep-sea mining of valuable section that would have permitted all the reling. All those highly developed political minerals not too long ago seemed on the leading seabed mining countries to join. There is widespread cynicism and tacit un­ ized someday. At the same time, coastal na­ derstanding that a good many of the decla­ tions were declaring various and conflicting GLOBAL TECHNOCRATS KNOW BEST rations of intentions that are made there economic and territorial claims to adjoining The goals sought in the Law of the Sea will never be implemented. areas. In these circumstances, it seemed to Convention, as in many other UN regula­ The result of all this is that the problems many that useful rules and agreements on tory initiatives, are clear. Those goals are to that are going to be addressed by the regu­ the use of the oceans might require interna­ gain economic benefit by securing and legiti­ latory mechanisms are often defined ideo­ tional collaboration. mizing a claim on the wealth and technolo­ logically, unrealistically, and in a manner In fact, in most of its aspects the Law of gy generated by the developed countries and that is technically inappropriate. In most the Sea Convention is a constructive re­ their corporations. But there is another legislatures, such political dynamics exist of sponse to the problems it was designed to class of UN regulations also championed by course, but their distorting impact is moder­ solve. The United States has affirmed on third world representatives, where economic ated once the technical experts take over several occasions that it finds acceptable motives are less prominent. I refer to recent and try to translate into technically mean­ many of the convention's provisions dealing international regulatory efforts ostensibly ingful terms the broad commands of general with navigation, overflight, continental aimed at protecting human health and policy. Unfortunately, that does not neces­ shelf, marine research, environment, and safety, such as WHO's infant formula code. sarily happen in the UN context. There, the many other aspects. But we were not among Another example of this new wave of pater­ technical level, too, is not only bureaucratic the nations signing the Law of the Sea Con­ nalistic regulation emerged in the 1982 Gen­ and suffers from all the problems endemic vention in Montego Bay, Jamaica last De­ eral Assembly session in the form of a reso­ to bureaucracies, but there is another prob­ cember 10, because we could not accept the lution on harmful products, which in its lem: inside the United Nations, technicians convention's provisions on seabed mining. original version would have totally prohibit­ are drawn from 157 countries. Not all tech­ The seabed regime established by the con­ ed the export of any product banned from nical bodies have technicians from all 157 vention represents the full flowering of the domestic use for any reason whatsoever. countries, but there are always a good many redistributionist outlook I described before. There are genuine problems of health and nations represented and all the major blocs Mistakenly concluding from the fact that safety requiring intergovernmental coopera­ are represented. To the usual array of bu­ the seabed belongs to no one that it is the tion, especially in terms of improved infor­ reaucratic problems, such as red tape and joint property of all, the convention creates mation exchange. Attempts to deal with duplication, are added the conflicting codes an International Seabed Authority, a gigan­ these problems within the United Nations, of international civil service behavior. tic bureaucracy, governed and structured however, too often are caught up in a very Whether you think you ought to represent along typical United Nations lines. crude kind of anticapitalist ideology that is your technical expertise or your nation is an "Typical United Nations lines" means, of more concerned with restricting and dis­ open question. Whether the conflicting na­ course, that there is an enormous gap be­ crediting multinational/transnational cor­ tional codes of bureaucratic and technical tween the nations bearing the costs and the porations, claiming they are very bad insti­ behavior can be made harmonious is also an nations making the decisions. This disjunc­ tutions which do harm to the countries in open question and frequently, unfortunate­ tion was reflected in the final vote on the which they operate. There is a single excep­ ly, it is a question that cannot be answered Law of the Sea Convention. The four na­ tion to this: it is also assumed, when the in the affirmative . . tions that voted against the convention and question of investment in South Africa is l mplementational distortion the seventeen that abstained not only considered, that multinational corporations Finally, even at the level of implementa­ produce more than 60 percent of the world's help South Africa-the only example in the tion, we find another distorting factor. GNP and provide more than 60 percent of world in the UN context in which multina­ Many of the regulations enacted by the the United Nations' contributions, but they tional corporations are seen as of economic United Nations have consequences for the also include virtually all of the nations benefit to the country in which they oper­ member states. And since the people who likely to develop seabed mining technology. ate. are implementing these regulations are rep­ Robert Goldwin of the American Enterprise Multinational corporations are bad guys resentatives of member states, some of Institute, in a succinct statement of what on the UN scene. I was visited a few weeks which think it is the job of all their citizens the convention's seabed regime would ago by a group of parliamentarians of a to work all the time for their own state, entail, has pointed out "that mining compa­ friendly European democracy, and one of there is a level of nationalist distortion that nies could invest billions of dollars to scoop them asked me why it was that the United takes place at the implementation level and up the nodules of managanese, copper, States had voted "no" on a particular para­ affects everything that goes on. The conse­ nickel, and cobalt that lie at the bottom of graph of a particular resolution. This assert­ quence is a hodgepodge of ideological, politi­ the sea only as licensed by the new Interna­ ed that women's rights were horribly abused cal, bureaucratic, and nation11.l practices­ tional Sea-bed Authority; that they would all over the world, but especially in rural and theories-that frequently distorts the have to pay the Authority for the privilege; areas, and that the principal cause of these regulatory process in the UN context that they would have to put the Authority's miseries and deprivations of rural women in beyond anything dreamed of in the national own operating company would be set by one or usually called in the UN, are regularly tried mentation. The consequence is that while another organ of the Authority."