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  • Rapport Détaillé Sur Tous Les Dégâts Que Les Musées Syriens Ont Subis Depuis 2011 Jusqu'à 2020
    Rapport détaillé sur tous les dégâts que les musées syriens ont subis depuis 2011 jusqu’à 2020. Cheikhmous ALI* Fellow at the The Gerda Henkel Foundation (2018-2019) www.gerda-henkel-stiftung.de L’Association pour la protection de l’archéologie syrienne : www.apsa2011.org Summary • In Syria, there are 55 institutions dedicated to the safeguarding and exhibition of Syrian cultural property. The 55 competent institutions: forty-nine museums, a repository of archaeological artefacts and five places of worship containing ancient and historical objects. These fifty-five establishments are devoted to the safeguarding and display of archaeological, historical and commemorative artefacts, as well as objects related to popular arts and traditions or to worship, distributed among various governorates and cities. • Since 2011, 29/55 museums, repositories and places of worship have been damaged. The 29 establishments were damaged to varying degrees by aerial and ground bombardments. Some of them, such as the Ma'arat al-No'man Museum and the Museum of Palmyra, are badly damaged. Others, such as the Archaeological Museum in Der'a and the Museum of Deir Ez-Zor, suffered minor damages. • Since 2011, at least 40635 items have been looted from museums, repositories and places of worship in Syria. This assessment of 40635 looted archaeological, historical and ethnographic items is based on reliable reports and information at our disposal. On the other hand, of the 29 establishments that were looted, we did not consider the artefacts looted from 10 museums and places of worship where the number of missing artefacts remains unknown. This figure does not include the thousands of items looted from the 19 museums and other institutions that were not recorded in the archival notebooks.
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  • State-Led Urban Development in Syria and the Prospects for Effective Post-Conflict Reconstruction
    5 State-led urban development in Syria and the prospects for effective post-conflict reconstruction NADINE ALMANASFI As the militarized phase of the Syrian Uprising and Civil War winds down, questions surrounding how destroyed cities and towns will be rebuilt, with what funding and by whom pervade the political discourse on Syria. There have been concerns that if the international community engages with reconstruction ef- forts they are legitimizing the regime and its war crimes, leaving the regime in a position to control and benefit from reconstruc- tion. Acting Assistant Secretary of State of the United States, Ambassador David Satterfield stated that until a political process is in place that ensures the Syrian people are able to choose a leadership ‘without Assad at its helm’, then the United States will not be funding reconstruction projects.1 The Ambassador of France to the United Nations also stated that France will not be taking part in any reconstruction process ‘unless a political transition is effectively carried out’ and this is also the position of the European Union.1 Bashar al-Assad him- self has outrightly claimed that the West will have no part to play 1 Beals, E (2018). Assad’s Reconstruction Agenda Isn’t Waiting for Peace. Neither Should Ours. Available: https://tcf.org/content/report/assads-recon- struction-agenda-isnt-waiting-peace-neither/?agreed=1. 1 Irish, J & Bayoumy, Y. (2017). Anti-Assad nations say no to Syria recon- struction until political process on track. Available: https://uk.reu- ters.com/article/uk-un-assembly-syria/anti-assad-nations-say-no-to-syria- reconstruction-until-political-process-on-track-idUKKCN1BU04J.
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  • Arab Filmmakers of the Middle East
    Armes roy Armes is Professor Emeritus of Film “Constitutes a ‘counter-reading’ of Film and MEdia • MIddle EasT at Middlesex University. He has published received views and assumptions widely on world cinema. He is author of Arab Filmmakers Arab Filmmakers Dictionary of African Filmmakers (IUP, 2008). The fragmented history of Arab about the absence of Arab cinema Arab Filmmakers in the Middle East.” —michael T. martin, Middle Eastern cinema—with its Black Film Center/Archive, of the Indiana University powerful documentary component— reflects all too clearly the fragmented Middle East history of the Arab peoples and is in- “Esential for libraries and useful for individual readers who will deed comprehensible only when this find essays on subjects rarely treat- history is taken into account. While ed in English.” —Kevin Dwyer, neighboring countries, such as Tur- A D i c t i o n A r y American University in Cairo key, Israel, and Iran, have coherent the of national film histories which have In this landmark dictionary, Roy Armes details the scope and diversity of filmmak- been comprehensively documented, ing across the Arab Middle East. Listing Middle East Middle more than 550 feature films by more than the Arab Middle East has been given 250 filmmakers, and short and documentary comparatively little attention. films by another 900 filmmakers, this vol- ume covers the film production in Iraq, Jor- —from the introduction dan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, and the Gulf States. An introduction by Armes locates film and filmmaking traditions in the region from early efforts in the silent era to state- funded productions by isolated filmmakers and politically engaged documentarians.
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  • Policy Notes March 2021
    THE WASHINGTON INSTITUTE FOR NEAR EAST POLICY MARCH 2021 POLICY NOTES NO. 100 In the Service of Ideology: Iran’s Religious and Socioeconomic Activities in Syria Oula A. Alrifai “Syria is the 35th province and a strategic province for Iran...If the enemy attacks and aims to capture both Syria and Khuzestan our priority would be Syria. Because if we hold on to Syria, we would be able to retake Khuzestan; yet if Syria were lost, we would not be able to keep even Tehran.” — Mehdi Taeb, commander, Basij Resistance Force, 2013* Taeb, 2013 ran’s policy toward Syria is aimed at providing strategic depth for the Pictured are the Sayyeda Tehran regime. Since its inception in 1979, the regime has coopted local Zainab shrine in Damascus, Syrian Shia religious infrastructure while also building its own. Through youth scouts, and a pro-Iran I proxy actors from Lebanon and Iraq based mainly around the shrine of gathering, at which the banner Sayyeda Zainab on the outskirts of Damascus, the Iranian regime has reads, “Sayyed Commander Khamenei: You are the leader of the Arab world.” *Quoted in Ashfon Ostovar, Vanguard of the Imam: Religion, Politics, and Iran’s Revolutionary Guards (2016). Khuzestan, in southwestern Iran, is the site of a decades-long separatist movement. OULA A. ALRIFAI IRAN’S RELIGIOUS AND SOCIOECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN SYRIA consolidated control over levers in various localities. against fellow Baathists in Damascus on November Beyond religious proselytization, these networks 13, 1970. At the time, Iran’s Shia clerics were in exile have provided education, healthcare, and social as Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi was still in control services, among other things.
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  • Damascus City Reference
    240,000 242,000 244,000 246,000 248,000 250,000 252,000 254,000 Jdidet Elwadi C2322 d Al Hurriya_ Ish Al Werwer DOWNLOAD MAP _ اﻟﺠﻤﻬﻮرﻳﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﺴــﻮرﻳﺔ SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC Al-Hama DAMASCUS CITY C2323Reference Map d Scan it! Navigate! with QR reader App with Avenza PDF Maps App ﺧﺮﻳــﻄﺔ ﻣﺮﺟــﻌﻴﺔ Barza Al Balad M5 ﻣﺪﻳـﻨﺔ دﻣﺸــــــﻖ Al Manara 0 0 0 , 6 1 7 , 3 0 0 Tishrine 0 , 6 1 7 , 3 Al Abbas Asad Addein Qaboun Masakin Barza Qudsiya C2328 Dummar Sharqiya d Qasyoun Mount New Dahiet Qdosiya Elsakina C2327 Naqshabandi d Nuzha Qasyoun Ayoubiya 0 0 Al Woroud 0 , 4 1 7 , Al Masani' 3 0 0 0 , 4 1 7 , 3 Abou Jarash Al Fayhaa Faris Al Khouri Zamalka Al Fayhaa Sporting City C2320 Sheikh Muhie Addin Dahiet Dummar Joubar Sharqi d Al Arin Mastaba Shoura Al Madaris Al Qusur Joubar Gharbi Al Marabit Al Mazra'a Al 'Adwi Bar ada Rawda Riv er Shuhada Abbasien Stadium Al Qusa' 0 0 Al Maliki Ma'amouniyyeh 0 , 2 1 7 , 3 Saroujah Ein Terma 0 Oqaiba Masjid Aqsab 0 Tishreen Park Haboubi C2315 0 , 2 Abou Rummaneh 1 d 7 , 3 Amara Baraniyyeh Joura Amara Jowaniyyeh Hijaz Damascus Castle Hameidiyyeh Bab Touma Dummar Gharbiya Al Qeimariyyeh University City Al Istiqlal Hariqa Al Qanawat Mazzeh Al Qadimeh Ma'azanet Ash Shahm Amin Damascus University Rabwa Shaghour Jowani Mazzeh 86 Baramkeh Bab Sreijeh 86 Bab Al Jabiyeh Bab Sharqi Ansari Shaghour Barani Jalaa Suweiqa 0 Ibn Asaker 0 Qabr Atikah Nidal 0 , 0 Mazzej Jabal N0066 1 7 , Al Moujtahed 3 Industrial Area 0 0 Kafr Souseh Al Balad 0 , Wihdeh 0 Fealat Gharbiyeh Mazzeh Basatin 1 7 Al Ikhlas , 3 Bilal Al Waha Midan
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  • TOMBS and FOOTPRINTS: ISLAMIC SHRINES and PILGRIMAGES IN^IRAN and AFGHANISTAN Wvo't)&^F4
    TOMBS AND FOOTPRINTS: ISLAMIC SHRINES AND PILGRIMAGES IN^IRAN AND AFGHANISTAN WvO'T)&^f4 Hugh Beattie Thesis presented for the degree of M. Phil at the University of London School of Oriental and African Studies 1983 ProQuest Number: 10672952 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10672952 Published by ProQuest LLC(2017). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 abstract:- The thesis examines the characteristic features of Islamic shrines and pilgrimages in Iran and Afghan­ istan, in doing so illustrating one aspect of the immense diversity of belief and practice to be found in the Islamic world. The origins of the shrine cults are outlined, the similarities between traditional Muslim and Christian attitudes to shrines are emphasized and the functions of the shrine and the mosque are contrasted. Iranian and Afghan shrines are classified, firstly in terms of the objects which form their principal attrac­ tions and the saints associated with them, and secondly in terms of the distances over which they attract pilgrims. The administration and endowments of shrines are described and the relationship between shrines and secular authorities analysed.
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  • Syria: Security and Socio-Economic Situation in Damascus and Rif
    COUNTRY REPORT OCTOBER 2020 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN INFORMATION (COI) SYRIA Security and socio-economic situation in the governorates of Damascus and Rural Damascus This brief report is not, and does not purport to be, a detailed or comprehensive survey of all aspects or the issues addressed in the brief report. It should thus be weighed against other country of origin information available on the topic. The brief report at hand does not include any policy recommendations or analysis. The information in the brief report does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Danish Immigration Service. Furthermore, this brief report is not conclusive as to the determination or merit of any particular claim to refugee status or asylum. Terminology used should not be regarded as indicative of a particular legal position. October 2020 All rights reserved to the Danish Immigration Service. The publication can be downloaded for free at newtodenmark.dk The Danish Immigration Service’s publications can be quoted with clear source reference. © 2020 The Danish Immigration Service The Danish Immigration Service Farimagsvej 51A 4700 Næstved Denmark SYRIA – SECURITY AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION IN THE GOVERNORATES OF DAMASCUS AND RURAL DAMASCUS Executive summary Since May 2018, the Syrian authorities have had full control over the governorates of Damascus and Rural Damascus. The security grip in former-opposition controlled areas in Damascus and Rural Damascus is firm, and these areas are more secure than other areas in the south such as Daraa. However, the number of targeted killings and assassinations of military and security service officers and affiliated officials increased during 2020.
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  • Explosive Weapons Use in Syria, Report 2
    The Carter Center Explosive Weapons Use in Syria, Report 2 Damascus City and Rural Damascus Governorate Syria Project, Conflict Mapping January 2020 Explosive Weapons Use in Syria, Report 2 Table of Contents Executive Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Methodology ................................................................................................................................................. 3 Main Findings ............................................................................................................................................... 5 Rural Damascus Governorate ................................................................................................................... 8 Damascus City .......................................................................................................................................... 9 Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................. 11 1 Explosive Weapons Use in Syria, Report 2 Executive Summary This non-technical paper aims to analyze and visualize the Carter Center’s Syria Project’s conflict mapping historic data on explosive weapons use and contamination around Damascus city and Rural
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  • Local Intermediaries in Post-2011 Syria Transformation and Continuity Local Intermediaries in Post-2011 Syria Transformation and Continuity
    Local Intermediaries in post-2011 Syria Transformation and Continuity Local Intermediaries in post-2011 Syria Transformation and Continuity Edited by Kheder Khaddour and Kevin Mazur Contributors: Armenak Tokmajyan Ayman Al-Dassouky Hadeel Al-Saidawi Roger Asfar Sana Fadel Published in June 2019 by Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung P.O. Box 116107 Riad El Solh Beirut 1107 2210 Lebanon This publication is the product of a capacity building project for Syrian researchers that was designed and implemented by Kheder Khaddour and Kevin Mazur. Each participant conducted independent research and authored a paper under the editors’ supervision. The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily those of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be printed, reproduced or utilised in any form or by any means without prior written permission from the publisher. Layout and Cover Design: Milad Amin Translation and Editing: Hannah Massih, Livia Bergmeijer, Niamh Fleming- Farrell, Rana Sa’adah and Yaaser Azzayyat CONTENTS Building from the Wreckage Intermediaries in Contemporary Syria........................................................4 Kheder Khaddour and Kevin Mazur Politics of Rural Notables...........................................................................21 Armenak Tokmajyan What We Can Learn from the Rise of Local Traders in Syria........................43 Ayman Al-Dassouky Informal State-Society Relations and Family Networks in Rural Idlib..........67 Hadeel Al-Saidawi The Role of the Christian Clergy in Aleppo as Mediators The Nature of Relationships and their Attributes.......................................93 Roger Asfar The Leaders of Damascus The Intermediary Activists in the 2011 Uprising.........................................119 Sana Fadel Building from the Wreckage Intermediaries in Contemporary Syria Kheder Khaddour and Kevin Mazur Seven years of war in Syria have shattered many of the social and political relations that existed before the conflict.
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  • The Damascus Psalm Fragment Oi.Uchicago.Edu
    oi.uchicago.edu The Damascus Psalm Fragment oi.uchicago.edu ********** Late Antique and Medieval Islamic Near East (LAMINE) The new Oriental Institute series LAMINE aims to publish a variety of scholarly works, including monographs, edited volumes, critical text editions, translations, studies of corpora of documents—in short, any work that offers a significant contribution to understanding the Near East between roughly 200 and 1000 CE ********** oi.uchicago.edu The Damascus Psalm Fragment Middle Arabic and the Legacy of Old Ḥigāzī by Ahmad Al-Jallad with a contribution by Ronny Vollandt 2020 LAMINE 2 LATE ANTIQUE AND MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC NEAR EAST • NUMBER 2 THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO CHICAGO, ILLINOIS oi.uchicago.edu Library of Congress Control Number: 2020937108 ISBN: 978-1-61491-052-7 © 2020 by the University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 2020. Printed in the United States of America. The Oriental Institute, Chicago THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO LATE ANTIQUE AND MEDIEVAL ISLAMIC NEAR EAST • NUMBER 2 Series Editors Charissa Johnson and Steven Townshend with the assistance of Rebecca Cain Printed by M & G Graphics, Chicago, IL Cover design by Steven Townshend The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Services — Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. ∞ oi.uchicago.edu For Victor “Suggs” Jallad my happy thought oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu Table of Contents Preface............................................................................... ix Abbreviations......................................................................... xi List of Tables and Figures ............................................................... xiii Bibliography.......................................................................... xv Contributions 1. The History of Arabic through Its Texts .......................................... 1 Ahmad Al-Jallad 2.
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  • The Socio-Economic Situation in Damascus City
    LANDERAPPORT March 2019 COUNTRY OF ORIGIN REPORT (COI) Syria The Socio-Economic Situation in Damascus City Report based on Skype meetings with sources in Damascus and Beirut newtodenmark.dk © 2019 The Danish Immigration Service The Danish Immigration Service Ryesgade 53 2100 Copenhagen Denmark Phone: +45 35 36 66 00 newtodenmark.dk March 2019 Alle rettigheder tilhører Udlændingestyrelsen. Udgivelsen kan frit hentes på nyidanmark.dk Udlændingestyrelsens udgivelser kan frit citeres med tydelig kildegengivelse SYRIA, THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC SITUATION IN DAMASCUS CITY Content Disclaimer .............................................................................................................................................. 2 Introduction and methodology ............................................................................................................... 3 Abbreviations ........................................................................................................................................ 4 The socio-economic situation in Damascus City ....................................................................................... 5 1. Access to water and sanitation ............................................................................................................. 5 2. Access to electricity ............................................................................................................................... 5 3. Access to food.......................................................................................................................................
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  • Final Report out of Sight, out of Mind: the Aftermath of Syria's Sieges
    Final Report Out of Sight, Out of Mind: The Aftermath of Syria’s Sieges Colophon ISBN: 978-94-92487-33-9 PAX serial number: PAX/2019/02 About PAX PAX works with committed citizens and partners to protect civilians against acts of war, to end armed violence, and to build just peace. PAX operates independently of political interests. www.paxforpeace.nl / P.O. Box 19318 / 3501 DH Utrecht, The Netherlands / [email protected] This report was written by Valerie Szybala and the PAX team. We deeply thank Siege Watch’s voluntary network of reporting contacts who communicated with the project team over the years, for your openness, generosity and patience. We have been inspired and humbled by your strength through adversity, and will continue to support your search for justice and peace. Siege Watch Final Report Out of Sight, Out of Mind: The Aftermath of Syria’s Sieges PAX ! Siege Watch - Final Report 3 Table of Contents Foreword 06 Executive summary 08 Introduction 11 Part 1: An Overview of Syria’s Sieges 13 1. Understanding the Sieges 14 Defining Syria’s Sieges 14 The Evolution of the Sieges 15 2. The International Response 22 UN Efforts 22 Designation and Reporting 23 Response to Forced Surrenders 25 UN Humanitarian Aid 26 Multilateral Initiatives 27 Donor Support 29 3. Violations of International Law 30 Humanitarian Access 31 Forced Population Transfers 31 Attacks 32 Detention and Disappearance 34 Post-Surrender Violations 35 Part 2: The Lasting Impacts of Sieges: Needs, Priorities, and Goals 37 4. Meeting Siege Victims’ Needs 38 General Needs 38 Post-Surrender Communities 39 Internally Displaced Persons 42 Refugees 43 5: Reconstruction 46 The Challenge 46 The Response 48 6.
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