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Estimation of CN Parameter for Small Agricultural Watersheds Using Asymptotic Functions
Water 2015, 7, 939-955; doi:10.3390/w7030939 OPEN ACCESS water ISSN 2073-4441 www.mdpi.com/journal/water Article Estimation of CN Parameter for Small Agricultural Watersheds Using Asymptotic Functions Tomasz Kowalik 1 and Andrzej Walega 2,* 1 Department of Land Reclamation and Environmental Development, University of Agriculture in Krakow, St. Mickiewicza 24-28, Krakow 30-050, Poland; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, University of Agriculture in Krakow, St. Mickiewicza 24-28, Krakow 30-058, Poland * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +48-012-662-4102. Academic Editor: Richard Smardon Received: 26 January 2015 / Accepted: 2 March 2015 / Published: 10 March 2015 Abstract: This paper investigates a possibility of using asymptotic functions to determine the value of curve number (CN) parameter as a function of rainfall in small agricultural watersheds. It also compares the actually calculated CN with its values provided in the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) National Engineering Handbook Section 4: Hydrology (NEH-4) and Technical Release 20 (TR-20). The analysis showed that empirical CN values presented in the National Engineering Handbook tables differed from the actually observed values. Calculations revealed a strong correlation between the observed CN and precipitation (P). In three of the analyzed watersheds, a typical pattern of the observed CN stabilization during abundant precipitation was perceived. It was found that Model 2, based on a kinetics equation, most effectively described the P-CN relationship. In most cases, the observed CN in the investigated watersheds was similar to the empirical CN, corresponding to average moisture conditions set out by NEH-4. -
Economic Assessment of Reconstruction Plans for the Inland Waterway E40
Business Union of Entrepreneurs and Employers named after Professor Kunyavsky Republican Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs Belarusian Scientific and Industrial Association ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF RECONSTRUCTION PLANS FOR THE INLAND WATERWAY E40 Prepared according to the agreement with ZGF of November 15, 2018 Approved by the Decree of the business unions of February 27, 2019 Minsk, February 2019 Business Union of Entrepreneurs and Employers named after Professor Kunyavsky 22, Factory street, Minsk, Belarus, 220033. bspn.by, phone: +375 17 298 27 92, email: [email protected] Abbreviations E40 Feasibility Study – The document “Restoration of Inland Waterway E40 Dnieper – Vistula: from Strategy to Planning. Final Feasibility Study Report”1 (Russian version). Maritime Institute in Gdansk, December 2015 EaP - Eastern Partnership EEU - Eurasian Economic Union EU - European Union IWW E40 – inland waterway E40 UNIDO - United Nations Industrial Development Organization Explanations The study contains two types of infographics: 1. Prepared by the author of this study. This infographic has sequence numbers: 1, 2, 3 etc. 2. Taken as quotes from the E40 Feasibility Study. The original numbering is retained in this infographic. We apply a mark (E40 Feasibility Study) to such infographics in our study. 1 Embassy of the Republic of Belarus in the Czech Republic. http://czech.mfa.gov.by/docs/e40restoration_feasibility_study_ru-29343.pdf 2 CONTENTS Introduction……………………………………………………………………………... 4 I Comparison of inland water transport of Poland, Belarus and Ukraine with other European countries……………………………………………………………………. 5 II Assessment of the economic part of the E40 Feasibility Study………………… 9 1. The main methodologies used in the world in assessing the economic efficiency of projects…………………………………………………………… 9 2. -
Raport Po Powodzi Z Maja I Czerwca 2010R
Urz ąd Miasta Krakowa Raport po powodzi z maja i czerwca 2010r. Fot. 1 Most Dębnicki podczas przejścia fali kulminacyjnej Kraków, 2010r. Opracował: Wacław Wojciechowski - Kierownik Referatu Ochrony Przed Powodzi ą w Wydziale Bezpiecze ństwa i Zarz ądzania Kryzysowego UMK; Uprawnienia Budowlane Nr GP. IV 63/101/75 specj. konstrukcyjno-in żynieryjna budowle hydrotechniczne (Dz. U. nr 8 poz. 46). Współpraca: Piotr Solak, Bo żena Bana ś, Agnieszka Dzier żak – pracownicy Referatu Ochrony Przed Powodzi ą Nadzór: Paweł Sta ńczyk – Zast ępca Przewodnicz ącego Powiatowego Zespołu Zarz ądzania Kryzysowego w Krakowie W roku 2010 Kraków do świadczył najwi ększej od 1813 roku powodzi. O jej rozmiarze świadczy czas trwania bezpo średniej akcji przeciwpowodziowej, który wynosił 22 dni, a tak że wysoko ść kulminacyjnego poziomu wody na Wi śle w Bielanach, który osi ągn ął 957 cm. Ochrona miasta przed skutkami powodzi wymagała zorganizowanej na szerok ą skal ę akcji, w której obok słu żb samorz ądu uczestniczyło wiele instytucji publicznych i prywatnych. Nast ępstwem powodzi były du że straty w infrastrukturze miejskiej oszacowane na kwot ę blisko 170 mln zł. Wiele gospodarstw domowych do świadczyło negatywnych skutków żywiołu głównie w postaci uszkodze ń domów i mieszka ń. Poszkodowani zostali równie ż przedsi ębiorcy prowadz ący działalno ść na podtopionych i zalanych terenach, a tak że rolnicy i działkowcy. Bezpo średnio po zako ńczeniu akcji przeciwpowodziowej poleciłem dokonanie przegl ądu procedur zarz ądzania kryzysowego w celu uwzgl ędnienia do świadcze ń z powodzi, a tak że sporz ądzenie raportu, który przekazuj ę w zał ączeniu. Podj ęte zostały prace nad aktualizacj ą systemu odwodnienia miasta oraz innych dokumentów maj ących wpływ na poziom bezpiecze ństwa powodziowego. -
Vistula River and Its Basin - Investment Tasks
VISTULA AND ITS BASIN 2020 tables Strona 1 z 14 VISTULA RIVER AND ITS BASIN - INVESTMENT TASKS Insitutions Applying for Relations Województwo/Ad Water Quantity/ Completion Investment Costs in No Kind/ Name of Investment Task and/or Between Various REMARKS ministrative Region Number Time in Years thousand PLZ Executing the Areas Region/Province Task 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 I. Underground and Surface Water Resource Purity Protection 1.1. Sewage Treatment Plants (Construction, Modernisation, Liquidation) Sewage Treatment Plant and Sewage Drainage System in RZGW Gliwice, 1 śląskie 1-MW I/III 132 500 the Gmina of Siewierz (Construction) gmina Siewierz 2 Sewage Treatment Plants in Silesia Province ZW śląskie 1-MW I/III 1 024 380 Decreasing the Amount of Untreated Low Degree of Gm.Proszowic 3 małopolskie 2-GW I/III 4 350 Sewage Treatment Waste e Construction and Modernisation of Sewage Treatment 4 ZW małopolskie 2-GW I/III 689 965 Plants in Małopolskie Province Construction and Modernisation of Sewage Treatment 5 ZW podkarpackie 2-GW I/III 500 000 estimated costs Plants in Podkarpackie Province 6 Przemyśl, Jarosław, Mielec ZW podkarpackie 2-GW I/III 50 000 estimated costs 1180729 7 Lubelskie Province - 53 Sites ZW lubelskie 3-SW I/III 558 000 RLM 518 992 8 Lublin Agglomeration ZW lubelskie 3-SW I/II 259 000 RLM 9 82 Sites in Łódzkie Province ZW łódzkie 3-SW I/III 364 077 Construction of Sewage Treatment Plant POŁUDNIE Warsaw 112 000 10 mazowieckie 3-SW I/III 475 129 (South) Capital City m3/day CZAJKA Sewage Treatment Plant Extension and Warsaw 492 -
Słowiańskie Rzeki W Europie
w *> a 9 5 5 6 4 r c \ 8LIOTHBCA IIV IAr,l!l,L- ACOVIfcWS'S SŁOWIAŃSKIE RZEKI W EUROPIE PRZYCZrNEK DO STAROŻYTNOŚCI SŁOWIAŃSKICH PRZEZ J)RA TEOFILA TOMICKIEGO ADWOKATA W KRÓL. HUCIE KRAKÓW W DRUKARNI UNIWERSYTETU JAOIELLONSICECO ,'oo zarządem józei t Filipowskiego 1925 < 1 95564 «8 V SŁOWIAŃSKIE RZEKI W EUROPIE PRZYCZYNEK DO STAROŻYTNOŚCI SŁOWIAŃSKICH PRZEZ DRA TEOFILA TOMICKIEGO ADWOKATA W KRÓL. HUCIE KRAKÓW W DRUKARNI UNIWERSYTETU JAGIELLOŃSKIEGO POD ZARZĄDEM JÓZEFA FILIPOWSKIEGO Wszystkie prawa, zwłaszcza przekładu na języki obce — zastrzeżone. MŁODZIEŻY SŁOWIAŃSKIEJ całego świata słowiańskiego doioód szczerej miłości oraz u> poczucia oboioiązku zuzglrdem spólnego rodu pośw ięca Polak-Słowianin. PRZEDMOWA. Praca niniejsza jest owocem nowej metody, którą lingwi- styczno-semazjologiczną pozwolę sobie nazwać, zastosowanej po raz pierwszy przy badaniu starożytności słowiańskich. Metoda ta dała wyniki nadspodziewanie pomyślne i dlatego dalszego jej zastosowania przez badaczy czy to starożytności słowiańskich, czy też języków (gwar) słowiańskich oczekiwać należy. Żmudne i nu żące zestawianie imion rzecznych słowiańskich, oraz imion pospo litych, od których owe nazwy rzeczne pochodzą, w pięciu żyjących gwarach słowiańskich, choć się komu powierzchownie myślącemu wydawać może pracą bezużyteczną i śmieszną — pozwoliło mi wyswobodzić się z pod przesądu w slawistyce od czasów Miklośića rozpowszechnionego i za dogmat nieomylny uważanego, że najda wniejszą postać gwar słowiańskich przedstawia gwara cerkiewno- słowiańska i że z niej wszystkie obecne narzecza słowiańskie z bie giem czasu się rozwinęły. Ten mylny pogląd stanowiący zaporę dla postępu slawistyki porzuciłem i nowym torem samodzielnie szedłem chcąc cel swój osiągnąć. A wyniki mej pracy okazują, że droga przezemnie obrana była odpowiedni , Nietylko dla zna jomość. przeszłości Słowian okazała się ona korzystną, lecz także owocnych wyników dla dokładnego zaznajomienia się z gwarą pierwotną słowiańską idąc tą drogą spodziewać się można. -
Occurrence of Unio Crassus (Bivalvia, Unionidae) Depending on Water Chemistry in the Foreland of the Polish Carpathians
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies Vol. 15, No. 1 (2006), 169-172 Letter to Editor Occurrence of Unio Crassus (Bivalvia, Unionidae) Depending on Water Chemistry in the Foreland of the Polish Carpathians M. Hus1, M. Śmiałek1, K. Zając2*, T. Zając2 1Higher Vocational School in Tarnów, ul. Mickiewicza 8, 33-100 Tarnów, Poland 2Institute of Nature Conservation of Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Mickiewicza 33, 31-120 Kraków, Poland Received: January 11, 2005 Accepted: May 19, 2005 Abstract Thick shelled river mussel Unio crassus (included in IUCN Red Data List) is a benthic, filter-feeding animal very susceptible to any changes of water chemistry. In this paper we report on the new sites of this species in the Małopolska region – an area of strong anthropogenic pressure. Physical and chemical param- eters have been compared between 8 rivers inhabited and not inhabited by the mussel. Results indicate that despite economic development of the region, it retains clear rivers; however, subtle differences in water chemistry can influence the occurrence of this endangered species. Keywords: Unio crassus, water quality, bioindicator Introduction One of the species that recently attracted the atten- tion of scientists is the thick-shelled river mussel Unio Chemical pollution is considered to be one of the prime crassus. In the past, it has been one of the dominant spe- reasons for the reduction of biodiversity in aquatic habi- cies in many Polish rivers, reaching very high densities tats [1]. This is particularly important to freshwater mol- (e.g. in the River Nida [6]) and in recent years its num- luscs of the family Unionidae, animals of relatively large bers have fallen dramatically, in line with the deterioration biomass, feeding on particles filtered from water. -
Research Article the Influence of Sewage System on the Functioning and Quality of Krakow’S Watercourses
Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Geological Research Volume 2014, Article ID 910982, 13 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/910982 Research Article The Influence of Sewage System on the Functioning and Quality of Krakow’s Watercourses Marta Wardas-LasoN AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environment Protection, 30 Mickiewicza Avenue, 30-059 Krakow, Poland Correspondence should be addressed to Marta Wardas-Lason;´ [email protected] Received 11 July 2014; Revised 15 October 2014; Accepted 16 October 2014; Published 18 November 2014 Academic Editor: Karoly Nemeth Copyright © 2014 Marta Wardas-Lason.´ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The content of heavy metals, pH, Eh, and EC were measured for the Vistula River and its two tributaries, Prądnik-Białucha and Wilga, functioning as rainwater collectors for Krakow. Water sediments were collected from several inlets of the rainwater canals into the Prądnik-Białucha and Wilga. The Vistula was examined to catch the change of water environment quality of those two tributariesaswellasstormoverflowsystemsinstalledonbothitsleftandrightbank.Inthislastcasetheresearchwasbasedon the bottom sediments of the storm overflow system, from its inlets into the Vistula River, and from the inside of the waste water collector. Also, samples of suspension and water were collected where the bridges are located and also near Dębnicki bridge bottom sediments. The sampling was conducted in 2004-2005 but because of financial constraints after ten years the tests were not repeated, but it was decided to publish the results. -
Folia Malacologica 9-2.Vp
Vol. 9(2): 101–113 THE 17TH POLISH MALACOLOGICAL SEMINAR –WHATDOWEDO? SEMINAR REPORT The previous (16th) Malacological Seminar was where some of us stayed. A few people stayed at the held in a place in the very north of Poland, on the Bal- Field Station of the Academy, and most had to be con- tic Coast. This year we met in the very south of the tent with private accommodation (as far as I know country. The village of Ojców is located very close to they were all very glad). Cracow. The village itself, with its few but very nice Participants were not very many, no doubt partly and rather loosely scattered houses, is beautiful and because of the fact that only a few months had passed unlike any typical Polish village. It is situated in the since the previous Seminar (September 2000), and midstof a karstarea, in a limestonevalley withmany partly because the academic year was just coming to caves, rocks, interesting plants and – what more im- its end, and some people simply could not leave their portant – snails. The village lent its name to the Ojców respective universities. National Park, small, but unique in many respects. On the first day we were welcomed by the main or- The Seminar started on May 30th and ended on ganizer, and by the Director of the Ojców National June 1st – after two autumn seminars (15th and 16th) Park; then the Vice-Director told us about scientific we have switched to the spring schedule again. The studies in the Park, and Prof. -
This Is Where I Want to Live. Krakow 2O3O
Municipality of Krakow City Development Department 31-004 Krakow This is pl. Wszystkich Świętych 3-4 phone: +48 12 616 1548 where e-mail: [email protected] This is where I want to live. Krakow 2O3O. KRAKOW DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT KRAKOW 2O3O. Krakow live. to want I where is This I want to live. Krakow 2O3O ISBN: 978-83-944879-1-1 KRAKOW DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY This is where I want to live. Krakow 2O3O KRAKOW DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY The following publication has been developed on the basis of the contents of the Annex to Resolution No. XCIV/2449/18 of the Krakow City Council of February 7, 2018 regarding the adoption of the document ”Krakow Development Strategy. This is where I want to live. Krakow 2030.” Krakow for the Generations 2030 sets the horizon which will allow us to rise above our current tasks and design the future of Krakow so that it fully corresponded with the metropolitan ambitions of the city and our aspirations. The Krakow Development Strategy 2030 is a kind of a social contract between us, the residents of Krakow. In developing it, we went beyond standard social consultations. Numerous meetings, debate and, brainstorms enabled everyone to join in with the work on this project and present their own ideas for improving the city. To design a common space that would serve everyone without any exceptions is not an easy task. By submitting a document that is the result of our cooperation, I am sure that we have met this challenge. The Krakow of the future will be a strong European metropolis. -
Analysis of Selected Possible Impacts of Potential E40 International Waterway Development in Poland on Hydrological and Enviro
Analysis of selected possible impacts of potential E40 International Waterway development in Poland on hydrological and environmental conditions of neighbouring rivers and wetlands - the section between Polish-Belarusian border and Vistula River Mateusz Grygoruk Ewa Jabłońska Paweł Osuch Paweł Trandziuk December 2018 2 Analysis of selected possible impacts of potential E40 International Inland Waterway development in Poland on hydrological and environmental conditions of neighbouring rivers and wetlands – section between Polish-Belarusian border and Vistula River Mateusz Grygoruk, Ewa Jabłońska, Paweł Osuch, Paweł Trandziuk, © Frankfurt Zoological Society © Authors December 2018 Warsaw 3 Contents Contents .................................................................................................................................................... 3 Summary.................................................................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Research questions ........................................................................................................................ 7 3. Materials and methods .................................................................................................................. 7 3.1 Description and parameters of channel variants ....................................................................... -
Guide to the Sources on the Holocaust in Occupied Poland
Alina Skibińska Guide to the Sources on the Holocaust in Occupied Poland (Translated, revised and updated edition of the original Polish Źródła do badań nad zagładą Żydów na okupowanych ziemiach polskich by Alina Skibińska, Warsaw, 2007) With the cooperation of: Co-authors: Giles Bennett, Marta Janczewska, Dariusz Libionka, Witold Mędykowski, Jacek Andrzej Młynarczyk, Jakub Petelewicz, Monika Polit Translator: Jessica Taylor-Kucia Editorial board: Giles Bennett, Michał Czajka, Dieter Pohl, Pascal Trees, Veerle Vanden Daelen European Holocaust Research Infrastructure (EHRI) 2014 2 Table of contents List of abbreviations 5 Preface 11 I Archives and Institutions 15 1. Archives managed by the Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Polskich (Head Office of the State Archives) 17 2. The Emanuel Ringelblum Jewish Historical Institute 57 3. Instytut Pamięci Narodowej – Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu (Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation) 73 4. The Archives of Memorial Museums 89 5. Other museums, libraries, institutions and organizations in Poland, private collections, and Church files 107 6. The Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum, and the Polish Underground Movement Study Trust in London; the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, California, USA 119 7. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington D.C., USA 133 8. Archives and institutions in Israel (Witold Mędykowski) 145 9. Sources for Research into the Extermination of the Jews in Poland in German Archives (Jacek Andrzej Młynarczyk, updated by Giles Bennett) 177 II. Sources 191 1. German administrative authorities and police 191 2. Judenrat files 203 3. The Underground Archive of the Warsaw Ghetto (ARG), the Ringelblum Archive (Ring. -
Rzeczpospolita Polska Ministerstwo Środowiska
RZECZPOSPOLITA POLSKA MINISTERSTWO ŚRODOWISKA Raport dla Obszaru Dorzecza Wisły z realizacji art. 5 i 6, zał. II, III, IV Ramowej Dyrektywy Wodnej 2000/60/WE Warszawa, marzec 2005r. SPIS TREŚCI Wstęp ............................................................................................................................ 6 Wprowadzenie ............................................................................................................... 9 1 ZASIĘG GEOGRAFICZNY OBSZARU DORZECZA WISŁY ........................................... 9 1.1 Opis granic Obszaru Dorzecza Wisły ........................................................................ 9 1.2 Główne rzeki położone w Obszarze Dorzecza Wisły .............................................. 12 1.3 Wody podziemne w Obszarze Dorzecza Wisły ....................................................... 12 1.4 Wody przybrzeżne przyporządkowane do Obszaru Dorzecza Wisły .................... 14 1.5 Podstawowe dane statystyczne dotyczące Obszaru Dorzecza Wisły .................. 14 2 KOMPETENTNE WŁADZE ............................................................................................ 14 2.1 Nazwa i adres kompetentnych władz ...................................................................... 14 2.1.1 Status prawny kompetentnych władz ....................................................................................... 15 2.1.2 Streszczenie zakresu działania kompetentnych władz ...................................................... 15 2.1.3 Współpraca z innymi instytucjami ............................................................................................