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Different in Factors of the Distributor Selection for Food and Non-Food OTOP Entrepreneur in Thailand

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Different in Factors of the Distributor Selection for Food and Non-Food OTOP Entrepreneur in Thailand World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Economics and Management Engineering Vol:8, No:8, 2014 Different in Factors of the Distributor Selection for Food and Non-Food OTOP Entrepreneur in Thailand Phutthiwat Waiyawuththanapoom made policy to promote The One Tambon One Product. The Abstract—This study has only one objective which is to identify idea of OTOP was come from the OITA Province’s policy the different in factors of choosing the distributor for food and non- (OITA is a province of Japan). A governor of OITA Mr. food OTOP entrepreneur in Thailand. In this research, the types of Morihiko Hiramutsu explores One Tambon One Product to OTOP product will be divided into two groups which are food and succeed and to know all over the world. People in OITA used non-food. The sample for the food type OTOP product was the processed fruit and vegetable from Nakorn Pathom province and the to be poor and outdated because 10 percent is an undeveloped sample for the non-food type OTOP product was the court doll from agriculture areas and the development in the manufacture Ang Thong province. The research was divided into 3 parts which industry is also less than other province. Mr. Morihiko were a study of the distribution pattern and how to choose the Hiramutsu tried to plan and launch the “One Tambon One distributor of the food type OTOP product, a study of the distribution Product” policy and encourage each tambon to find its unique pattern and how to choose the distributor of the non-food type OTOP strength and produce the product from the unique local raw product and a comparison between 2 types of products to find the differentiation in the factor of choosing distributor. The data and material. As in each village, the villagers use only local information was collected by using the interview. The populations in knowledge for developing products so the government must the research were 5 producers of the processed fruit and vegetable completely lends a hand in new technology and administers to from Nakorn Pathom province and 5 producers of the court doll from link the product from village to domestic and international Ang Thong province. The significant factor in choosing the market by passing a store network system and internet to distributor of the food type OTOP product is the material handling promote and support local development process. Prime efficiency and on-time delivery but for the non-food type OTOP product is focused on the channel of distribution and cost of the Minister of Thailand and government made a policy in 2001 to distributor. promote OTOP. Ang Thong province is located in the central part of Keywords—Distributor, OTOP, Food and Non-Food, Selection. Thailand. The distance from Bangkok, which is the capital city of Thailand is 105 kilometers by road transportation and 120 I. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUNDS kilometers by water transportation. Ang Thong means HAILAND is the geographical heart of South-East Asia. “Golden Bowl” in Thai due to the agriculture and the rice field TThe infamous golden triangle, located at the nation's in the province. Ang Thong court doll’s OTOP producer is the northernmost point, is where Thailand's borders meet those of population of the Non-Food type in this study. both Laos and Myanmar (Burma). The border with Myanmar Nakorn Pathom is the province in the west region of continues to the west and then south as far as the Malay Thailand which has the capability to produce and export Peninsula, much of which is occupied by Thailand. On the vegetable because it still has high natural resource and the east, the border with Laos meanders southeast along the good irrigation system. That makes Nakorn Patom is the Mekong River until it reaches Cambodia, which is due east of province that be able to grow the vegetable all year long. It is Bangkok, the Thai Capital. In the south is the Gulf of the location of several vegetable exporting companies and also Thailand. Thailand is composed of six main regions which are close to Bangkok which makes the transportation is very Northern region, North-East region, Central region, Southern efficient. Nakorn Pathom OTOP. Nakorn Pathom fresh region, East region and West region. Thailand is mainly the vegetable’s OTOP producer is the population of the Food type agriculture country which means that the main product which in this study. was produced from Thailand is the mainly fruit and vegetable and the main income is also from the agriculture products so II. LITERATURE REVIEW International Science Index, Economics and Management Engineering Vol:8, No:8, 2014 waset.org/Publication/9999091 there are lots of OTOP products which made from/by A. Supply Chain Management Definition agriculture products. There are so many definition of supply chain management OTOP policy was introduced to Thailand in 2001 by Prime such as supply chain management encompasses Minister Thaksin Shinnawatra while Thailand and many materials/supply management from the supply of basic raw people confront economic problems and the most important materials to final product (and possible recycling and re-use). problem is poverty. Government announces “poverty war” and Supply chain management focuses on how firms utilize their suppliers' processes, technology and capability to enhance P. Waiyawuththanapoom is with the Department of Logistics Management, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University 1 U-Thong Nok Road Dusit Bangkok competitive advantage [1]. It is a management philosophy that 10300 (phone: +662-160-1186; fax: +66-160-1184; e-mail: extends traditional intra-enterprise activities by bringing [email protected]). International Scholarly and Scientific Research & Innovation 8(8) 2014 2571 scholar.waset.org/1307-6892/9999091 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology International Journal of Economics and Management Engineering Vol:8, No:8, 2014 trading partners together with the common goal of parts which are the study of the distributor selection for food optimization and efficiency, network of organizations that are OTOP entrepreneur and the study of the distributor selection involved, through upstream and downstream linkages, in the for the non-food OTOP entrepreneur. The populations for the different processes and activities that produce value in the food OTOP entrepreneur are 5 producers of fresh vegetable’s form of products and services in the hands of the ultimate OTOP producer in Nakorn Pathom and the populations for the consumer and etc [2]. But for the fresh vegetable supply chain non-food OTOP entrepreneur are 5 producers of court doll’s definition there still have no specific definition for. This OTOP producer in Ang Thong. research is based on the supply chain definition not by the In this research, the fixed-response interview is used. The fresh vegetable supply chain definition. population of this research is 5 producers of court doll’s OTOP producer in Ang Thong and 5 producers of fresh B. Related Research vegetable’s OTOP producer in Nakorn Pathom selected by Reference [3] has concluded that the major problems of using the purposive selection. the community products are marketing channel and the The question in the interview is developed by study the public relation with their customers, lack of government related information of the objective and literature review then support, transportation problem and packaging issue. So the created the drafted question in the interview and sent to the 2 researcher has suggest the new distribution channel which veteran researchers for correction. The interview question can is via the post system or open the special kiosk in the be divided into 2 parts which are the general information and department for the community product without the fee the research question. Reference [4] found that logistics and supply chain management has a major effect to the OTOP business and IV. RESULT also increase the competitiveness of the products. The There are 5 main factors which are significant in the better of the supply chain strategy will give the better distribution process which are material handling efficiency, change for the OTOP manufacturer to increase the sale and transportation efficiency, on-time delivery, channel of income. distribution and cost. Both food type and non-food type Reference [5] and [6] noted that the significant factor for entrepreneur is using these main factors to answer the the customer to purchase the OTOP product is the quality interview. of the product, price of the product and distribution channel aspect. So the manufacturer and the retailer should pay A. Food OTOP Entrepreneur more attention to those aspects in order to increase the First of all, every population are also concern and realize distribution channel and expand the market. that all of the 5 factors of distribution which are material Reference [7] shows that the supply chain management of handling efficiency, transportation efficiency, on-time fresh vegetable in Nakorn Pathom Province is started from the delivery, channel of distribution and cost are important and farmers to the factory and to the market place. It also showed significant. But the least significant factor of selecting the that the supply chain of the fresh vegetable can be divided into distributor is the channel of distribution because in the food 2 types which are the original supply chain and the exported OTOP industry, the customer or retailer is mainly choose by supply chain. The research also found out that the most the producer or the customer/retailer themselves. So the concerned issue of the fresh vegetable supply chain is the distributor is less likely to take a place in this factor. price of the crop. And the suggestion from this research is to About the cost and transportation efficiency, the producers promote the co-operative between the farmers and educated of OTOP vegetable in Nakorn Pathom are pay attention to the farmer about the agricultural technology and marketing these factors but in the food type distributor they think that the because nowadays it is very essential for the farmers to be other 2 which are the material handling and on-time delivery educated about the technology and marketing.
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