[Distributed to the Council, the Officiai No.: C. 698. M. 304. 1931.IX. Members of the League and the [Conf. D. 26.] States invited to the Conference.]

Geneva, October 9th, 1931.

LEAGUE OF NATIONS PARTICULARS WITH REBARD TO THE POSITION OF ARHIAUIEHTS ID THE IIARIOUS COUNTRIES

24* COMMUNICATION FROM THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT

Note by the Secretary- : At the request of the Canadian Government, dated October 8th, 1931, the Secretary- General has the honour to communicate to the Governments invited to the Disarmament Conference a letter from the Canadian Advisory Officer to the League of Nations, dated September 21st, 1931, with an annex giving detailed information on the position of armaments in his country.

COMMUNICATION FROM THE CANADIAN ADVISORY OFFICER TO THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS TO THE SECRETARY-GENERAL.

Geneva, September 21st, 1931. With reference to Circular Letter 124.1931.IX, I have the honour to forward to you herewith a memorandum giving particulars as to the position of armaments in .

(Signed) W. A. R i d d e l l , Canadian Advisory Officer.

CHAPTER 1. — LAND FORCES.

E f f e c t iv e s . The military forces of Canada are constituted under the Act of 1906. The forces consist of an active militia (permanent and non-permanent) and a reserve militia. The active militia consists of raised by voluntary enlistment on a basis of three years’ service, subject to an extension of one year in case of emergency. That portion of the active militia which is permanently embodied for the purpose of providing for the care and protection of forts, etc., and to establish schools of military instruction, is designated the permanent force. The members of the non- are liable to be called out annually for training not exceeding thirty days in any one year. The reserve formations of the active militia are intended for the purpose of providing for the organisation of the officers and men who have completed their service in the active militia or who have otherwise received a military training. The permanent forces train throughout the year, and certain of their officers and N.C.O.s are detailed to assist in the training of the non-permanent militia at local headquarters, as well as at camps of instruction. The strength of the permanent active militia is limited by law to 10,000 all ranks. The Peace establishment now authorised comprises 514 officers and 6,647 other ranks.

* This figure indicates that 24 documents (with in addition one annex to document C.440 M.187. 193i.IX) in regard to the position of the armaments in the different countries have already been Published.

Series of League of Nations Publications

S'&N. 3,130 2,075 (A.). 10/31. I m p . d u J . d e G en èv e. IX. DISARMAMENT 1931. IX. 29. The peace establishment of the authorised corps, units and formations of the non­ permanent active militia comprises 9,061 officers and 125,782 other ranks. Calculated on the basis of Article 3 of the draft Convention, this would give a total number of effectives, if the Canadian forces were at their maximum legal strength, of 1,258 officers and 18,243 total effectives. For a number of years, the peace establishments, both of the permanent and non­ permanent active militia, have not been completed. For the year ending March 31st, 1931, the average strength of the permanent active militia (including headquarters staffs) was 434 officers and 3,189 other ranks. As regards the non-permanent active militia, although the commissioned and enlisted strength on December 31st, 1930, was 6,859 officers and 46,342 other ranks, for reasons of economy, only 4,506 officers and 28,402 other ranks were given a short training period (maximum 13 days) during the year. Calculated on the basis of Article 3 of the draft Convention, and returned in the form prescribed by Article 30 of that Convention, the average daily number of army effectives, therefore, given training during the year ending March 31st, 1931, is as follows :

Table II. — Land Armed Forces stationed Overseas. Nil.

Tables I and I I I . — Land Armed Forces stationed in the Home Country, and Total Land Armed Forces.

Officers ...... 570 Total Effectives 1 ...... 4,644

Table IV . — Formations organised on a Military Basis. 2

Officers or officials ranking as o fficers...... 59 Total effectives...... 1,277

CHAPTER 2. — NAVAL FORCES.

A. E f f e c t iv e s fo r t h e Y e a r 1930-31, r e t u r n e d in a c c o r d a n c e w it h t h e F orm prescribed in t h e T a b l e s a n n e x e d to A r t ic l e 30 o f t h e D r a f t Co n v e n t io n .

Table VI. — Naval Forces. Officers ...... 81 Total e ffe c tiv e s...... 838

The figures inserted in Table VI were arrived at as follows : (a) Royal Canadian : Average total effectives...... 741.4 Total “ effective ’’-days...... 741.4 x 365 = 270,611 Average total officers...... 75.3 Total " officer ’’-days...... 75.3 X 365 = 27,484

(b) Royal Canadian Naval Reserve: Average Strength : Average number of officers borne during fiscal year 1930-31 . . . . 35.5 Average number of ratings borne during fiscal year 1930-31 . . . . 131.1 Training : Officers to the number of 21 received a total of 792 days, and 129 ratings a total of 5,699 days’ training. Total “ effective ’’-days...... 6,491 Total “ officer’’-days...... 792

1 In making the above calculations for the army, navy and air forces, periods of leave and furlough are not deducted from the number of days’ service during the year. 2 There is only one such formation, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, which is a constabulary maintained by the Federal Government, though controlled and administered by a Minister other than t Minister of National Defence. The term of engagement in the force is three years, and the officers commissioned by the Crown. — 3 —

(c) Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve:

Average Strength :

Average number of officers borne during 1930 59 Average number of ratings borne during 1930 822 P. 0 . instructors ...... 17 Training : Officers to the number of 47 received a total of 1,325 days’ training, 632 men received a total of 20,688 days’ training, and 17 P. 0 . instructors served 17 x 365 = 6,205 “ effective ’’-days. Total “ effective ’’-d a y s ...... 28,218 Total “ officer ’’-days...... 1,325

(d) Grand total “ effective ’’-days:

(« )...... 270,611 (6) ...... 6,491 (c )...... 28,218 Total...... 305,320 (Average daily effectives = 836)

Grand total “ officer ’’-days:

(«)...... 27,484 (b) ...... 792 (c) ...... 1.325 Total...... 29,601 (Average daily officers = 81)

Table V II. — Sea Formations organised on a Military Basis. Nil.

With regard to Table VII, consideration was given to the following services :

(a) Dominion Steamers, Tugs, Icebreakers, etc., operated by the Department of . — None of those ships are armed, so that their officers and crew do no weapon training. Officers and crews are not permanent Government servants. They sign merchant-service articles which give them, on the one hand, the right to leave the service whenever they wish and, on the other hand, give the Minister the right to dispense with their services at pleasure. Consequently, the officers and crews of those ships could not be required to serve in time of war without some “ measure of mobilisation ” in the form of either voluntary enlistment in the or the Royal Canadian Naval Volunteer Reserve, or else some form of compulsory service act. It is therefore considered that they do not come within the definition contained in Article 4 of the draft Convention.

(b) Fisheries Protection Vessels. — There are four vessels (two on each coast) armed with 3-pounder guns. The officers and crews are not permanent Government servants, but are taken on on similar terms to the Dominion vessels referred to in (a). They could not be compelled to serve in time of war without some voluntary or compulsory " measure of mobilisation ”. It is considered that they do not come within the definition contained in Article 4 of the draft Convention.

(c) Customs Preventive Vessels. — Approximately 225 officers and men are employed m preventive vessels. The captains are given the authority of Customs officers, but neither they nor the crews are permanent Government servants. It is considered that they do not come within the definition contained in Article 4 of the draft Convention.

(d) It is to be observed that some of the officers and men in the above services belong to the Naval Reserve. Consequently, when they do naval training, they will appear in Table VI in their capacities as reserves, although they are not shown in Table VII. — 4 —

B. T o n n a g e f o r Y e a r 1930-31, p r e p a r e d in a c c o r d a n c e w it h t h e T a b l e s a n n e x e d to Ch a p t e r B o f P a r t II o f t h e D r a f t Co n v e n t io n .

Table I. — Global Tonnage. 4,466 metric tons.

Table II. — Categories. (a) Capital Ships : Nil.

(b) Aircraft Carriers : Nil.

(c) : Nil.

(d) :

Built : Tonnage C h a m p la in ...... 905 Building 1 : Saguenay ...... 1,328 S k een a...... 1,328 Over 12 years of age : V a n c o u v e r...... 905 Total. . . . 4,466 (e) : Nil.

Annex I. — Exempt Vessels. : Tonnage (Estim ated Std.) A rmentières...... 314 T h ie p v a l...... 314 Ypres...... 314 Total. . . . 942

Annex II. — List of Special Vessels. Nil.

Annex V, Section V. — Vessels retained for Training Purposes. Nil.

CHAPTER 3. — AIR SERVICES.

A. E f f e c t iv e s r e t u r n e d in t h e F orm p r e s c r ib e d b y A r t ic l e 30 o f t h e D raft D isa r m a m e n t Co n v e n t io n .

Table IX . — Air Armed Forces stationed Overseas. Nil.

Table X. — Total Air Armed Forces.

Total Effectives...... 920 2

1 The “ Saguenay ” and “ Skeena ” have been completed since the last date covered by these returns. 3 The above figures are based on the following elements : (a) 176 officers and 704 airmen, permanently employed ; (b) 104 officers and 76 airmen, non-permanent, who underwent short courses of instructio Table X I. — Air Formations organised on a Military Basis. Nil. In respect to the Canadian Air Services, it should be explained that, under the provisions of the National Defence Act 1922, the powers, duties and functions given the Air Board, under the Air Board Act of 1919, are vested in the Minister of National Defence. The executive duties previously carried out by the Air Board are now performed by four separate branches of the Air Service—namely, the ; the Directorate of Civil Government Air Operations ; the Controller of Civil Aviation ; and the Aeronautical Engineering Division. Only one of the above branches of the Air Service is military in character and of that branch, the Royal Canadian Air Force, 91 officers and 339 other ranks were attached for duty during the preceding year to the other directorates. The exact division of the personnel included in Table X is as follows : Officers Airmen Royal Canadian Air F o rc e ...... 85 365 Directorate of Civil Government Air Operations 7 8 3 2 9 Aeronautical Engineering Division...... 10 IO Controller of Civil Aviation B ra n c h ...... 3 —

B. A ir c r a f t .

In respect to the number and total horse-power of aircraft, the following information is returned in the form suggested by Article 36 of the draft treaty :

Table I. — Aeroplanes of the Land, Sea and Air Forces.

Number Total horse-power 355 100,6921

Table II. — Aeroplanes of the Land, Sea and Air Formations organised on a Military Basis. Nil.

Table III. — Dirigibles of the Land, Sea and Air Forces. Nil.

Table IV . — Dirigibles of the Land, Sea and Air Formations organised on a Military Basis. Nil.

CHAPTER 4. — EXPENDITURE 1930-31.

M o d e l St a t e m e n t .

A. Return of Actual Expenditure for the Year 1930-31. Total in dollars Land Forces...... 12,066,703.91 Naval F o rc e s ...... 3,798,465.66 Air F o r c e s ...... 3,409,227.06 Grand T o t a l ...... 19,274,396.63

1 Horse-power is calculated on the U.P. formula “ rating ”. The figures given include all aircraft in commission and in immediate reserve. Of the total aircraft in commission and in immediate reserve the following was the distribution between branches of the Air Service as on March 31st, 1931 : Number T o t a l horse-power Royal Canadian Air Force ...... 166 40,946 Civil Government Air Operations ...... 113 49,833 Controller of Civil A v ia t i o n ...... 76 9,913 T o ta ls ...... 355 100,692 - 6 —

LAND FORCES

CATEGORY OF EXPENDITURE Sub-head Armed forces stationed in the home country

Head I. — Effectives. Dollars Personnel normally forming part of formations and services : A Pay and allowances of all kinds : Officers...... 1,339,895-97 B Ditto: N.C.O.s and m e n ...... 3,293,066.47 C Ditto : Civilian personnel...... 637,452.06 Personnel not normally forming part of formations and services : D 1 Persons undergoing preparatory military training, reservists and reserve organisations...... 2,187,588.11 E Maintenance of personnel referred to in sub-heads A to D . . . . 738,132.68 Head II. — Transport. F Horses and other animals, forage, harness and shoeing .... 89,570.91 G Coal, fuel, oil, petrol, lubricants, etc., and other transport expenses ...... I96,305-60 Head III. — Buildings. H Construction of new fortifications and defence w orks ...... 99,996.16 K Barracks, other buildings, upkeep, furniture...... 2,199,992.73

Total: Heads I to I I I ...... 10,782,000.69

Head IV . — War Material. M Arms, ammunition and fighting m a te ria l...... 417,188.01 M {a) Engineer and other warlike sto res ...... 280,700.92 N Manufacture of war material in “ non-autonomous ” State establishments (expenditure not divisible between sub-heads M and M ( a ) ) ...... 586,814.29

Total: Head I V ...... 1,284,703.22

G r a n d T o t a l ...... 12,066,703.91

1 Includes all expenses, unit training, non-permanent active militia. — 7 —

NAVAL FORCES Sub-head CATEGORY OF EXPENDITURE Armed Forces

Head I. — Effectives. Dollars Personnel normally forming part of formations and services : A Pay and allowances of all kinds : Officers...... 234,371-35 B Ditto: N.C.O.s and m e n ...... 597,958.00 C Ditto: Civilian personnel...... 178,688.85 Personnel not normally forming part of formations and services : D Persons undergoing preparatory military training, reservists and reserve organisations...... 204,339.55 E Maintenance of personnel referred to in sub-heads A to D . . . . 295,730.58 Head, II. — Transport. G Coal, fuel, oil, petrol, lubricants, etc., and other transport e x p en ses...... 101,459.65 Head III. — Buildings. H Construction of new fortifications and defence w o rk s...... K Barracks, other buildings, upkeep, furniture...... 130,020.68

Total: Heads I to I I I ...... 1,742,572.66

Head IV . — War Material. L Ships : new construction and maintenance...... 1,773,108.18 M Arms, ammunition and fighting m aterial...... 94,261.69 N Manufacture of war material in “ non-autonomous ” State establishments (expenditure not divisible between sub-heads L and M ) ...... 188,523.13

Total : Head I V ...... 2,055,893.00

G r a n d T otal ...... 3,798,465.66 D.

A IR FORCES

Sub-head CATEGORY OF EXPENDITURE Armed forces stationed in the home country

Head I. — Effectives. Dollars Personnel normally forming part of formations and services : A 1 Pay and allowances of all kinds : Officers...... 541,367.47 B Ditto: N.C.O.s and m e n ...... 1,031,085.33 C Ditto: Civilian personnel...... 177,731.84 Personnel not normally forming part of formations and services : D Persons undergoing preparatory military training, reservists and reserve organisations...... Under A E Maintenance of personnel referred to in sub-heads A to D . . . . 157,073 46 Head II. — Transport. G Coal, fuel, oil, petrol, lubricants, etc., and other transport expenses ...... 143,145.98 Head III. — Buildings. K Barracks, other buildings, upkeep, furniture ...... 637,681.60

Total: Heads I to III ...... 2,688,085.68

Head IV. — War Material. M 3 Arms, ammunition and fighting m aterial...... 721,141.38

Total: Head IV ...... 721,141.38

G r a n d T o t a l ...... 3,409,227.06

1 Includes expenditure on training of provisional officers who serve for three months a year for three years. 2 Includes expenditure on purchase, upkeep, and reconditioning of all aircraft, engines and e q u i p m e n t of the Royal Canadian Air Force, the Directorate of Civil Government Air Operations and Controller oi Civil Aviation Branch. Annexed Tables.

Table A. — Expenditure on Pay of Reserves for the Year 1930-31 : Dollars 1. Remuneration outside periods oftraining ofpersonnel not employed j 2. Remuneration during training of reservists called u p ...... j T4<274-73

Table B. — Expenditure on Shipbuilding for the Year 1930-31 : 1. New co n stru ctio n ...... 1,543,040.24 2. Maintenance and re p a irs ...... 230,067.94

Table C. — Statement of the Amount outstanding at the End of the Financial Year 1930-31 of Block Credits voted in respect of Expenditure for more than One Y e a r ...... Not applicable

Table D. — Statement of the Amount outstanding on the (Date) in respect of Purchases on Credit or Deferred Payments relating to Goods de­ livered or Services rendered, in Cases where the Due Dates of Payment are later than those customary in Contracts of the Same Kind which do not provide any Special Credit Facilities...... Not applicable

Table E. — Statement for the ^Financial Year 1930-31 of Loans made to, or Participations acquired in, Enterprises having among their Objects the Furnishing of Goods or Services for Armament Purposes, where these have been excluded from the Return on the Ground that they are not regarded as Armament Expenditure...... Not applicable

Table F. — Expenditure in respect of Pensions for the Year 1930-31 : (i) Military personnel : (a) Service pensions J (b) Invalidity pensions ...... 879,193.74 (c) Mixed pensions ) (ii) Civil personnel : Pen sio n s...... Information not available (Hi) War pensions, if a distinction is made in the national budget between ordinary pensions and war pensions (if not, these pensions must appear under headings (i) and (ii) ) ...... 44,258,989.64 (iv) Pensions or other compensation granted, apart from the regulations regarding normal pensions, for premature retirement, discharge or loss of office resulting from a reduction of the forces...... Not applicable

Table G. — Principal Modifications made since the Last Return in: 1. Provisions relating to the grant of pensions of any contributions made by the personnel towards the cost of these pensions...... Not applicable 2. Provisions relating to the taxation of the pay or pensions of the personnel...... Not applicable 3. Provisions relating to social insurance or analogous benefits of the personnel, and to the contributions made by the personnel for this purpose...... Not applicable