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Fiom the Joumals of Frances Burney ( 1752- 1 840)

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Fiom the Joumals of Frances Burney ( 1752- 1 840) 1 Febnrrary - 12 March 1789: An Annotated Seteciion fiom the Joumals of Frances Burney ( 1752- 1 840) Lisa Am Saroli Department of English McGill University, Montreal Febniary 2000 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in *al filfiilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts 0 Lisa Ann Saroti 200 Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibîiiraphic Services services bibliographiques The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une Lcence non exclusive licence dowing the exclusive permettant à la National Libmy of Canada to Bibliothèque nationaie du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or seli reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microfom, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substaatial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Table of Contents Abstract.. ............................................................................................... i .. Abrégé.. ............................................................................................... 11 ... Acknowledgements................................................................................. .III Introduction........................................................................................... iv Short Titles and Abbreviations.. ................................................................ .xiv Annotated Text : I February - 1 2 March 1 789. ................................................. .1 Appendix A: Description of the Assignment of the Rooms at Kew........................ 134 Appendix B: A Letter From Frances Burney to Marianne Port.. ............................ 136 Appendix C: An Example of Mrs. Schwellenberg's Cruelty............................... .140 Appendix D: Text of the Prayer and Thanksgiving on the King's Recovery.. .......... -145 Appendix E: Text of the Regency Bi Il.. ...................................................... -146 Saroli - i Abstract From the age of fifieen until her death, the British female novelist Frances Bumey (1 752- 1840) kept a detailed journal. Although thousands of extant manuscript pages exist, only three inadequate editions of her journals have been published. The Burney Project at McGill University was founded in 1960 by Dr. Joyce Hemlow and is now under the direction of Dr. Lars E. Troide. The mandate of the Project is to print a critical edition of the entire, unexpurgated journals and letters of Frances Burney with scholarly annotations. As a small part of the Bumey Project, my thesis selection falls within the first half of Burney's life and encompasses roughiy one and a haif months of her journal, fiom 1 February to 12 March, 1789 (MS pages 3656-3749, Berg Collection), when Burney lived at Court as an attendant to Queen Charlotte. Many of the manuscript pages in this thesis have never before been published. Saroli - ii Abrégé Depuis l'âge de 15 ans et jusqu'a sa mon, la romancière anglaise Frances Burney (1752-1840) a tenu un journal. Bien que nous soyons en possession de milliers de pages de ce manuscrit, seulement trois éditions - inadéquates de ses journaux ont été éditées. En 1960, le Dr. Joyce Hemlow a été l'initiatrice du "Projet Burney," a l'université McGiIl, project sous la direction actuelle du Dr. Lars Troide. Le mandat de ce Projet est de publier une édition critique intégrale de l'ensemble des journaux et de la correspondance de Frances Bumey accompagnée de notes critiques. Ma thèse, qui fait partie du "Projet Bumey," porte sur la première moitié de la vie de Frances Burney et couvre à peu prés un mois et demi de son journal, du 1" février au 12 mars 1789, pages 3656 à 3749 du manuscrit, Collection Berg, alors que Frances Bumey vivait à la cours comme dame d'atours de la reine Charlotte. Plusieurs pages du manuscrit, dans cette thèse, n'ont jamais été publiées auparavant. Saroli - iii Acknowledgements Lars Troide, my mentor and supervisor. Not only is he an excellent scholar, but an inspired teacher, who has instilled in me a life-long love of Bumey. Thank you. The Graduate Admission Council for their Travel Grant and the Graduate Faculty in awarding me the Alma Mater Travelling Grant, without which the road to New York would have been a lot more expensive. Maggie Kilgour, Chair of the Graduate Cornmittee (English Literature), for her patience. William Wees, former Chair, without whose understanding, I would never have entered the Master's Program. Joyce Hemlow, whose pioneering spirit and deep love of Bumey could be felt everywhere in the Burney Project which she founded. Alvaro Ribeiro, SJ, who had many suggestions. Kendall Wallace and the Reference Staff of McGill University for their spirited help. Eliibeth Gibson for her assistance and kind generosity wit h the microfilms. The Staff of Govemment Documents. The Staff of the Interlibrary Loans at McGill University. The Circulation Staff and Susy Slavin who occasionally waived fines. The Staff of the Music Library who lent me their Dr. Bumey book (At? Account of the Musicaf Perfrmances in Westmis~er-Abbeyand the Pat~heort,Mày 26th. 27th. 29th; andJune rhe and 5". 1781 In Commemorafiotr>of Handel) fiom their special coiîection for six months. The Staff of the Rare Book Room, especially the mystenous gentleman who helped me to decipher the Book of Cornmon Prayer. Rodney Phillipq Curator of the Berg Collection, NYC as well as the entire staff of the Berg Collection, who allowed me those precious extra minutes to copy down fragments of the manuscript. Rosine Knai for her excellent translation of my Abstract. Anna Malicka of the Yale Walpole Library in Farmington, Connecticut. To an umarned schoiar and gentleman in the Berg Collection who spent some of his priceless time peering through a magnifjmg glass at some of FB's scribbles. My parents, Anthony and Patricia, who accompanied me on my trip to New York, and provided untold emotional and financial support. Without them, this thesis would never have been finished. My sisters, Nadia and Tania, who listened to my endless rantings about Bumey (and can now finally sort of spell her narne). My beloved future-husband, Matthew Myszak, who is always so patient, gentle, and understanding. My future-in-Iaws, Anna and Ryszard, for their insistence that 1 focus on my work and not on their son. Mv mandrnother. Noma whose s~iritand strenah is with me alwavs. Saroli - iv Introduction Frances Bumey (1 752- 1840) was at first glance a conventional enough woman in her time, rather conservative and pmdish, but she lived an extraordinary life. She was one of the first female novelists in Britain and published four novels in her lifetime: Evelina; or. the Histoty of a Yozmg Lady 's Entrat1ce itlto the Wodd ( 1 778), Ceciiia; or, Memoirs of an Heiress (1782), Camilla; or. A Pictwe of Yormg (1786), and The Wimderer; or, Female D~#culties (1 8 14). She also wrote eight plays (one incomplete), which were issued poahumously and thus never gained criticai approval in her lifetime. The huge success of her first novel, originally published anonymously, skyrocketed her into the bluestocking and literary circles of eighteenth-century London. She interacted with such period luminaries as Samuel Johnson, James Bosweli, Christopher Smart, Hester Lynch Thrale Piozzi and Mary Granville Delany. The last introduced Frances Burney to Queen Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz who appointed Burney as Second Keeper of the Robes vice Joama Haggerdorn, who retired due to il1 heaith. From 1786 to 1 79 1, Bumey lived at Court and was an intimate of the Royal Family and of other major political and social dignitaries. She witnessed the intimate details of Court life, including King George III's first serious "madness" during 1788-9, and reported the events around her accurately and thoroughly in a journal that she began in 1768 at the age of 15 and which ended wit h her life. In FB's Court Joumals, as the MS from 1786-92 is known, we have both objective descriptions and subjective opinions of major players of the time, such as of the members of the Royal family, of the Prime Minister William Pitt, and of the Lord Chancellor Edward Thurlow. We aiso have names and sometimes characterizations of the otherwise faceless women and men (such as of FB's cantankerous mqColumb), who, despite being faithfùl attendants of the King and Queen, do not even appear in the Royal Kaiettder or in the Royal Household Index, Windsor. We are also privy to FB's personal struggles to master the complex rules of etiquette and of the heart. My thesis selection fiom FB's Court Joumals, which covers the period fiom 1 February to 10 March 1789, offers casual readers and senous scholars alike a rare gem: writing that is timeless, articulate, lively, and historically valid. FB could not have Saroli - v invented a more exciting plot. The fate of the British govenunent and the monarchy lay in a King who was battling a "madness," and the collective intake of the breaths of a people isolated fiom the events that affected them could be heard in the concemed letters and joumals of the time. FE3 recorded fiom within the secure confines of the Court walls the hidden and crucial events that happened to the King as his loyal followers pushed him to recover, knowing, as the King did not, that his son was poised to take the throne as Regent. As well, against this backdrop of the Regency Crisis, FB filled the heavy time at Court with a bizarre and emotionally wrenching 'fnendship' with the Queen's Lord Chamberlain, who would later betray her and many one of FB's colleagues at Court, a woman whom he had in fact openly disavowed. The Manuscript of the Journals The state of the manuscript some 200 to 150 years afier the journals were written is remarkable considenng its age.
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