Hartnell College Special Student Opportunities Pathways

Is Your Goal to Go to College Going to college soon? or Take a Job Training?

Would Money Help? ​ Hartnell ‘s Fanny Salgado will present the steps in presentations in English & Spanish.

Here are the dates: General Information (Room S-1) Wednesday, February 20 6-8 PM Thursday, February 28 9 AM-12 PM Apply for the

Janet Hedlund Scholarship Applications/FAFSA (Room A-4) from our Teachers’ Union. Thursday, February 21 6:30-9 PM Thursday, March 7 9:30 AM-12 PM Who Qualifies to Apply: Salinas Adult ​ ​ ​ School students who will graduate Individual Help (Room A-2) 2018-2019 with a high school diploma or a

HiSET or GED certificate and will walk at Thursdays, March 7 & 21; April 4

graduation in May 6:30-8 PM Tuesdays March 12 & 26; April 9 When: Before March 1 10-11:30 A.M. ​ ​ ​

How: See Hayward, Mary, or ​ ​ ​ Tim for an application and instructions. More Money Help Turn in your completed portfolio to Sue Mondays-Thursdays 8AM-6PM before the March 1 deadline. Hartnell College

The winner will be announced at Financial Aid Office Rm. B-110

graduation on May 23. ​

Tutor at the ​ Carter G. Woodson Salinas Adult School

Come join our team & make the ​ difference in the life of a person.

He was a writer known as the “Father of Black History” who made a lot of contributions with his investigation about African-American history. He wrote more than a dozen books, but the most recognized was “The Mis-Education of the Negro” (1933) which become required reading at numerous colleges and universities. Another very important thing was that he was the second African

American to receive a doctorate from Harvard. Do You Like to Write or Are You Just Learning? The reason why he was named the “Father Don’t miss our annual Of the Black History” is because he created poetry and short story contest. Black History Month. He was the one who Categories for all levels of students: had the idea to commemorate Black History and shared that idea with schools and Beg. ESL: Why I Like this School ​ organizations, encouraging them to Int/Adv ESL: My USA ​ participate in a special program to Develop. Eng/HSD/HSE:Life Lessons ​ encourage the study of African-American Parenting: Children--The Greatest ​ history. This began in February 1926 with Teachers Negro History Week, and later expanded to Beg. Spanish: Language Learning ​ Black History Month. Int/Adv Spanish: Appreciating Others’ Cultures ​ Woodson died on April 3, 1950. He is a man Maximum: One poem and one story per respected for the vision he had. Something person. very important that he taught us is that Length: Poem up to ½ page 11 pt Ariel history especially one that caused damage Short Story up to one page 11 pt Ariel should never be forgotten, so that it is never All writing in English except for Spanish repeated. class students will write in Spanish.

Deadline: Friday, March 29 at 12:00 ​ in Rm A-3. Winners will be published in By: Jessica Estrada the newsletter. 1800s wanted to change their minds during the Harriet Tubman and the dangerous journey to the north for their freedom, Harriet Tubman would pull out her Underground Railroad gun and say,” You’ll be free or die a slave!” “ I freed a thousand slaves. I could have freed a thousand more if only they knew they were slaves,” Harriet Tubman said.

Later in Harriet Tubman's life she was a leader for the Abolitionist movement to abolish slavery in America. She also was a spy for the Union forces in South Carolina during the Civil War. During the Civil War, Harriet Tubman was a nurse. After the Civil War, Harriet Tubman settled down on land that she owned in Auburn, New York with

her family and friends. The Underground Railroad of the 1800's was not a real railroad at all, and it was not To this day, Harriet Tubman is one of the underground. The Underground Railroad most recognized in American Women’s was a string of trails and safe houses where History. Tubman’s legacy has inspired slaves could go for the night to stay safe people from every race and background from those hunting them as they tried to from around the world to fight for freedom escape to the north and to freedom.The and civil rights. famous Harriet Tubman was a slave too.

Harriet Tubman was a brave and amazing She went back to the slave states a lot of woman. Not many people could do what times to help take slaves to free northern she did to help slaves escape to freedom states and Canada.The journey from the and a better life. She was an American slave states and back to the free states was hero. very dangerous for Harriet Tubman and those she helped. Harriet Tubman helped By Erin McNew her family and friends and other slaves escape horrible slavery. Lots of times Tubman was breaking the laws in the slave states to help slaves escape. If slaves

1940s-1960s picked another baseball player, but he chose Robinson not only because of his great skills as a player, but because he The Story of a Double Hero needed a person with great charisma and an amazing personality to face the big In 1947 Jackie Robinson changed challenge to find his place on a white team. the history of baseball. At the time that this The only condition that Rickey gave phenomenal athlete started to play Robinson was to never respond to any professional baseball, living as a Black aggression, Rickey even tested Robinson to know his reactions to the kinds of person in the USA was very challenging. situations he was going to face. Jackie During 1940s to the 1960s, Jim Crow laws passed all of the tests. were in effect in the South which kept separate African Americans from white He went through different situations ​ Americans in almost every public place of repudiation and discrimination by his including churches, restaurants, schools, teammates, fans and of course in public and even in basic services like places, such as some hotels refused to let him check in with his team and during the transportation by bus. ​ games sometimes the fans yelled bad Some other areas were segregated words at him. Many times he and his family were threatened by the neighbors. too such as sports. Baseball was no exception. There was a specific baseball But none of this league only for Black professional players became an obstacle called the Negro Leagues. to Jackie Robinson. He won the title as Robinson was a great athlete. After the Most Valuable leaving the army, he decided to play Player in 1945, hit professional baseball, so his only alternative 12 home runs, and was to play professionally in the Negro became the Rookie Leagues. He decided to get a position on of the Year because the Monarchs, the Kansas team in 1945. He he was the leader of never would have imagined that in the same stolen bases. He year, he was going to be invited to play on a was also the key for the New York Dodgers team that would change forever the history to win the World Series. The most important of baseball and set another relevant accomplishment however was that milestone in the journey of the Black Robinson became a hero in two ways: He population to fight against their treatment was the first Black professional baseball and for their civil rights. player with amazing achievements, but he became a hero in a social context too. He New York Dodgers’ Owner Branch was an inspiration for all African American Rickey invited Jackie to join the all white ​ athletes and civilians at a very complicated Montreal Royals with the intention for Jackie moment for Blacks creating a pathway to to help him to create Major League Baseball civil rights. and try to take out the division between black and white players. He could have By Patricia Garcia ​ Rosa Parks The boycott was to have African Americans not ride city buses.

African Americans were treated as second class citizens. Segregation was an injustice for Black people because they had many restrictions in every place they went.

It is well known that discrimination had existed for a long time. For On December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks example in restaurants there were changed the lives of African signs that said Blacks were not Americans. Rosa broke a allowed to enter. In schools, Black segregation law in Montgomery, students could not be in the same Alabama. classes as whites. African Americans

went through very hard times. This is Rosa was the woman that refused to what Rosa Parks said, “All people give the seat to a white man in a should be treated equally, right? public bus. Then the bus driver called Regardless of where you come from, the police, and Rosa was arrested. what religion you follow, where you

work, what language you speak, or Rosa knew that what she was doing whether you are a boy or a girl.” was wrong. “People always say that I did not give up the seat because I The activist Rosa Parks changed the was tired”. The real reason that she lives of millions of African Americans. refused to give up the seat was She was an amazing woman who because she was not tired physically, fought for civil rights. On November but she was tired of giving up her 13, 1956 the Supreme Court ruled seat just because of the color of her that segregation was skin. unconstitutional.

Her bravery encouraged the Black By Marisol Santoyo people of Montgomery to make flyers to be sent to schoolchildren informing their parents of a planned boycott. “The Little Rock Nine” In 1958 Ernest become the first African American graduate of Central High School. Ernest Green, Melba Pattillo, Terrence Others finished their studies across the Robert, Minnijean Brown, Carlotta Walls, country. Eckford joined the Army and later Jefferson Thomas, Elizabeth Eckford, earned her education equivalency diploma; Gloria Ray, and Thelma Mothershed were Green served as assistant secretary under the Little Rock NIne. President Jimmy Carter; and Brown worked as a deputy secretary for workforce under They were all African American students President Bill Clinton, In 2009, the group who suffered from racism, intimidation, and was invited to attend the inauguration of violence in school. Melba was kicked many Barack Obama as President. Thomas died times, and one time someone threw acid on the next year. her face. Gloria was pushed down the stairs. Minnijean was ejected from the Unity, effort, and struggle helped this group school for responding against an attack. to succeed no matter what the rest of the Gloria’s mother was fired from her job people think or believe. Sometimes people because she refused to remove her do not think that there are better things to daughter from the school. imagine or create, so instead they are racist and discriminate against their peers. But with effort and struggle the group of Our earth is growing in population and no nine achieved positive results. In 1954 the President, law, or wall can impide how Supreme Court declared segregation in many people are succeeding. Instead of public schools unconstitutional. Before that thinking of making a wall to divide our planet the law was intended to separate Blacks, in pieces, we can think how to build more Whites, Hispanics, etc. in school. schools, how to avoid poverty, or how to avoid hunger around the world. These are more important necessities to attend to.

We must understand we were created equal, and we share the same planet. We share the same oxygen that we breathe, and nobody has the power to destroy our privileges. It is very true that some people have more money, property, or abilities than President Dwight D. Eisenhower had to others, but we all have the same amount of send federal troops to the school to protect heads, hands, and legs. these students, the first Blacks who Thanks “ Little Rock Nine” for the good integrated into a white school, after the law lesson. passed because of the racism they experienced. After a period of time, the By Laurentino Sanchez group was called “The Little Rock Nine” and ​ become famous. Washington where 200,000-300,000 people attended. Part of the reason that this speech was impactful was that he was standing in front of the statue dedicated to President Abraham Lincoln who one hundred years before gave slaves their freedom through the Emancipation Proclamation, but even up to that day, they were considered not equal to whites. Dr. King repeated the phrase “One hundred years later” which placed emphasis on the Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, long amount of time that they should have Georgia on January 15, 1929, and became been free and equal. a leading figure in the American Civil Rights Movement known for his support of His next point was that the Declaration of nonviolence and civil disobedience. While Independence and the Constitution were King was working as a Baptist minister in written to protect American citizens against Montgomery, Alabama, he led a successful discrimination, but he claimed that the year-long boycott of the city’s segregated people were not living up to those values. bus lines. King’s speech continued with a list of his In 1937, King become the president of the dreams for America which included that Southern Christian Leadership Conference everyone regardless of race, religion or any (SCLC) which provided coordination and other difference should receive equality and leadership for the Civil Rights Movement. justice. He urged people to make the As SCLC president, King traveled across changes necessary for those dreams to the country and around the world and met come true. with activists and political leaders.

King wanted equality and human rights for King insisted that African Americans stand African Americans, the economically up and fight for their rights in nonviolent disadvantaged, and all victims of injustice ways. He became famous as a peaceful and used methods such as boycotts, sit-ins, leader and was awarded the Nobel Peace and marches to achieve them. Prize in 1964.

In 1963, King was part of a desegregation King was killed on April 4, 1968, but is still campaign in Birmingham, Alabama, and remembered and celebrated today with a was jailed for this. While in jail he wrote his national holiday on the third Monday in famous “Letter from Birmingham Jail” which January. was written to white people and it defended civil disobedience used to fight segregation. By John Abelon

Later that year he gave his famous “I Have a Dream” speech at the March on Our Lives Were Touched Her connection through social media made it easy for me to

appreciate the job she was doing MICHELLE OBAMA ​ because every time she said something, she did it. For example, she was completely involved in providing healthy food for the children at the schools and at the same time promoting a

better lifestyle keeping families exercising together. Michelle Obama is a real role model for me. She showed me Now, she might not be the First that if I want the best results, I Lady anymore, but she still keeps need to put all my effort in it. going with her social

work in areas such as By following her on Instagram, I encouraging students to go to have learned that her childhood college and providing resources wasn’t easy, but she was still able ​ for them, and motivating people to to study in Harvard and Princeton ​ improve their lives. Universities. As an adult, she had to face different adversities, but Michelle Obama is a fascinating worked hard to overcome them. example of Black History, and has

influenced me to go out and She is a great person. I really search for tools so I can write my enjoy seeing her as a mother and own story instead of being a a wife. One important thing I can spectator of others. see is that she has her own role and identity. When I saw her, I By: FLOR LOPEZ knew her as Michelle Obama and not as the President’s wife.

Michael Jordan was a Influences of Black Americans ​ on My Life great inspiration to me. From my childhood until today I received When I was fifteen years the influence of different people. One old, I started playing influence was to be motivated by these basketball, and I really people in different ways; to explore believed I could become a different places of the world; believe in professional player. my dreams; express who I am; and fight Jordan's influence on my youth was very for what I really want. Four of these strong, and because of that influence, I people are: Michael Jackson, Michael stayed in school and got good grades Jordan, Tupac, and Madam C.J. Walker. the requirements to belong to the high school basketball team. Michael Jackson In every game when I saw Jordan, I was the first artist admired his desire to win and his who awakened in passion for playing. me the desire to Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February know the world. 17, 1963) was a great basketball player. When I was about He gained a reputation for being one of 6 years old, I the best players of all times for his listened to his leaping ability shown by performing music and saw the way he danced. At slam dunks from the free throw line. that time I lived in a small village in This talent earned him the nicknames Mexico, but Jackson showed me the "Air Jordan" and "His Airness". He also world beyond what I knew at that time. had clothing named after him. Michael Jordan became the first multi-millionaire Michael Jackson (Michael Joseph player in the history of the NBA, and he Jackson) was born on August 29, 1958 is the third richest African-American and died on June 25, 2009. after Robert F. Smith and Oprah He was a singer, dancer and composer Winfrey. considered an icon of great cultural influence in the twentieth century. His Tupac Shakur was a famous, very music videos "Beat It", "Billie Jean" and ​ controversial rap singer "Thriller" from his 1982 album Thriller (6/16/71-9/13/96). are credited with breaking racial barriers and transforming videos into an art form When I arrived in the United States, and promotional tool. Tupac's (2pac) music was everywhere and he was in the news. What caught

my attention about him was his name. After investigating it a bit, I discovered Minerva Anderson Breedlove had been that his name "Tupac Amaru" comes slaves before the end of the Civil War. from Tupac Amaru and loosely She is the most recent person from translated means "resplendent" or whom I received a great lesson. Despite "bright snake" in Quechua (the the difficulties of her times, poverty, indigenous language of the Andes and discrimination and bad education, she the second most spoken language in was able to overcome and achieved Peru). great success in her business of hair The first known Tupac Amaru was an products. Madam C.J. Walker at the indigenous king, the second was José beginning went from house to house Gabriel Condorcanqui, known as Tupac through several cities offering her Amaru II, an 18th century Peruvian products, but after a few years, it revolutionary. The second Tupac led the became a great business and she was largest indigenous uprising in praised as the first black woman Hispanic-American colonial history. Like millionaire in America. many Indians of the Americas, both She died in 1919 leaving a large were executed by the Spaniards. company that continues to this day. She The Rap singer Tupac received his was a great contributor to organizations name from his mother who belonged to such as the NAACP, the black YMCA the Black Panthers. and dozens of other charities. She said, "There is no real road to success full of In the 90s, I felt a connection with some flowers," “And if there is, I have not of Tupac's ideas, and his music (I did found it, because if I have achieved not understand any words in English). I something in life it is because I have identified with 2pac in many things, been willing to work hard." although the singer and I were very different in other ways. These four people influenced and continue to influence my life because I continue to learn more about them from Madam C. J. their lives. In society they are classified Walker: was as African Americans, but personally ​ born on from my childhood until today, I try not December 23, to focus on the color of skin. What I 1867 on the admire most is the effort they made and same plantation what they did to achieve success.

in Delta,

Louisiana, where her parents, By: Servando Carrasco Owen and ​ ~Salinas Adult School~ Calendar 2019 Specialized Free Classes Take a Class and Invite Your Friends

 Mornings Developing English Community Service Math Review Opportunities See Sue to register. Planting and Clean Up ⛅ Upper Carr Lake (on Laurel next to the Afternoons ​ Basic Writing Veterans’ Park) Math Saturday, March 9 10 AM-1 PM PLATO Computerized English or Math Restore the area around the lake and clean up. Bring gloves. See Sue to register.

Cesar Chavez Day Tutoring Cesar Chavez Community Park Salinas English Pronunciation & Listening Saturday, March 30 10 AM-1 PM Learning Lab Help to keep the park clean. Tools, water, and ​Conversation snacks are provided. Learn on Computer Keyboarding & Job Skills Tutor at the Salinas Adult School See Yvonne to register. Preparation Classes Thursdays 11:30 AM-2:30 PM ​ Computer Skills Tutor other students in subjects that you know. Go to the Welcome Center for more See the teacher Yvonne for more details. information.

Evenings ESL Literacy Beginning Computer Go to the Welcome Center for more information.

“May your choices reflect Do Your Community Service at Our your hopes, not your fears.” School --Nelson Mandela Ask your HSD teacher what you can do to earn hours and help our school at the same time.

Docents of Native Species WASC Visit Watershed Institute 4100 B St., Seaside March 3-6 Tuesdays 10:30 AM-12:30 PM Plant, develop,and care for native plants garden NorthStar Computer Testing used for habitat restoration. No experience Mondays in March 9-11 AM necessary. For more information contact the See your level of computer skill. Return of the Natives at [email protected] HiSET Testing

Tuesdays, March 5, 12 & 26 Volunteer Day 8:30-11:30 AM and 12:30-3:30 PM Thursdays 9 AM-4:30 PM ​ Thursdays, February 28, March 14 & 28 Help Fort Ord National Monument and earn 5:30-8:30 PM community service hours. You can collect data Fridays, March 1, 15 & 29 8:30-11:30 AM on sheep and goats, do salamander research, ​ pick weeds, collect native plant seeds, or work Testing Center on habitat restoration among other projects. Pre-register in advance. Must be on time to test. Follow the BLM signs on Lightfighter to the site. ______GED & Pearson Vue Testing Salinas Adult School Thursdays, March 7 & 21 5-8:30 PM Fridays, March 8 & 22 8:30-11 AM Preschool Open House Tuesday, March 19 9 AM-2:30 PM Testing Center Thursday, February 28 6PM ​ Pre-register in advance. Must be on time to test. Come learn about what our accredited preschool offers and ask your questions about the program and classes. For more Paraprofessional Tests information visit www.theparentcenter.org . Monday, March 11 1:00-3:00pm ​ ​ Testing Center $32. Register in advance. Must be on time to Janet Hedlund Scholarship test. Students who will graduate with a Salinas Adult

School high school diploma, HiSET or GED this year 2018-2019 and Preschool Registration will walk in the Friday, March 15 1:30 PM graduation ceremony in Register your 3, 4, and 5 year olds into our May can apply for this preschool classes. Get more information scholarship. Pick up an about the program on February 28 at open application and house or go to www.theparentcenter.org or instructions from Hayward, Mary, or Tim and ​ ​ ask questions at the Welcome Center. return your completed portfolio to Sue by March 1 at 4:30 PM. The winner will announced ​ at the graduation ceremony and can use the money to attend college or a training program. See Yvonne for information on other scholarships.

Courses, Training & College Community Activities

FAFSA & CA Dream Act Application Help Photography Exhibition Money Mondays 3-6 PM Hartnell College Until February 28 Room B110 Mondays-Fridays 9AM-12PM and Mondays-Thursdays 5-8PM March 2 is the 2019-2020 FAFSA priority Hartnell College Gallery in the Visual Arts deadline. Building Dorothea Lange and Marion Post Wolcott’s Get free help to complete the ​ black and white 1935-1944 photos depicting FAFSA or CA Dream Act the pre-war poverty in rural America. Among Applications to get college the photos is “Migrant Mother” taken in a financial aid for 2019-2020. migrant camp in 1936. Bring: 2017 tax information (or 2016) for yourself and spouse or parents who help support you, records for Public Art Master Plan untaxed income including workers comp, Monday, February 25 6-8 PM disability, unemployment, and child support and Steinbeck Library any other income you receive and a list of Share your ideas of public art that you would colleges that you are interested to attend. For like to see in Salinas. Refreshments and completing FAFSA, also bring a driver’s license and your alien registration card or social security childcare available. card number. Raising Teens with Special Needs Las Jicamas Apartments Community Center 110 Martinez Pl, Soledad POST Entry-level Law Enforcement Wednesday, February 27 5-7 PM Test Battery (PELLETB) Understanding IEPs & services for teens while Thursday, March 28 8:30-11:30 AM they are in school and after they leave; parent South Bay Regional at MPC rights and asking for the help you need; SARC 2642 Colonel Durham St., Seaside $10 services; legal issues; and how to help your The PELLETB is a timed, 2-1/2 hour multiple-choice and fill-in-the-blank test of teen through puberty. Light dinner served. reading and writing ability for candidates to Call Special Kids Connect to register at ​ ​ qualify to enter the police academy. Test cannot 372-2730. be taken more than once in a 30-day period. You must be on time to test. Present a U.S. government-issued ID. Dates, times and Drop-in Immigration Legal Services locations can change without notice. Go to Wednesday, February 27 6-8 PM https://www.eventbrite.com/e/post-pelletb-test-at-mpc- Hartnell College Student Center Rm. D-385 101818-tickets-43942297595?aff=erelexpmlt to ​ ​ Mi CASA & the UFW are sponsoring drop-in register for the test. For Physical Agility test immigration legal services. Individuals with (WSTB) information click here to view dates and ​ appointments can receive assistance with times. ​ naturalization applications and pre-screenings, DACA renewals and applications, and other assistance. Make your appointment at 755-6723 or email [email protected] . ​ Future of the Parks & Libraries ReAlisal: Stories of East Salinas Wednesday, February 27 6-8 PM Saturday, March 9 7:30-9 PM Breadbox Recreation Center Hartnell College Performing Arts Bldg. K 745 N. Sanborn Studio Theater Donation $5 Or Thursday, February 28 6-8 PM Stories of the heroes of the community and Steinbeck Library breaking of Eastside negative stereotypes. Hear community ideas for the future of Salinas Donations will go to East Salinas ​ parks and libraries and help to create the organizations Baktun 12 and Artists Ink. vision for the future. Refreshments & childcare available. Walk with a Doc

First Friday Art Walk Saturday, March 16 Friday, March 1 9-10 AM Badger Hills Trailhead (Across Oldtown Salinas 5-8 PM from Toro Cafe on Hwy 68) Music and art activities in several shops and Sponsored by Memorial Hospital. Topic: How to Live Your Healthiest Life galleries. ​ For information contact 759-1890.

Ship Tours Caregiver University Fisherman’s Wharf Association #1 Old Fisherman’s Wharf Saturday, March 30 9 AM-3:30 PM March 1-3, 8-10, 15-17 Northminster Presbyterian Church Fridays 2-6 PM Caregiver workshops for family caregivers Saturdays & Sundays 10AM- 1PM $5 in understanding dementias, cannabis and caregiving, advanced health care directives, The Lady Washington and the Hawaiian making a support circle, safety at home and Chieftain ships will be in the Monterey Harbor for modifying the home for safety. Register in historic tours. Sailing on the ships is also ​ advance at 831-459-6639 or available at $55+. For more information www.delmarcaregiver.org/registration-form. about these trips, call 360-532-8611. html . Lunch and resources included. ​ Spanish/English. Music Extravaganza Friday, March 8 6-8:30 PM Hartnell College Performing Arts Bldg. K Universidad para Cuidadores Familiares $10 Adults $5 Students & Seniors sábado el 30 de marzo 9 AM-3:30 PM More than 100 students will participate in Northminster Presbyterian Church choirs, orchestra, jazz band, and guitar and Talleres para cuidadores familiares en piano performances of pop, jazz, and temas como entender las demencias, el classical music. Food is included. cannabis, las directivas avanzadas de la Community Science Days by the Pacific salud, crear un grupo de apoyo, la Grove Natural History Museum seguridad en la casa y modificando su Northridge Mall near Kids’ Play Area casa. Inscribase con anticipacion al Science Saturday 831-459-6639 o en Saturday, March 9 11 AM-3 PM www.delmarcaregiver.org/registration-fo ​ ​ ​ rm.html . El almuerzo y los recursos son Topic: Bees, Wasps, Honey and Hives ​ Learn about bees, wasps & honey. Make a gratis. craft and taste honey.

This Edition’s Contributors: ​

Writers—Servando Carrasco, Flor ​ Lopez, Marisol Santoyo, Yvonne ​ ​ Petersen, Patricia Garcia, Erin McNew, ​ ​ Jessica Estrada, John Abelon, Laurentino Sanchez

Artist—Marielena Galvan ​ ​

Photographer—Yvonne Petersen ​ ​

Editors—Maria Velazquez, Marisol ​ Santoyo, Yvonne Petersen, Servando ​ ​ Carrasco, Laurentino Sanchez, Patricia Garcia

Newsletter Advisor—Yvonne ​ Petersen

Design—Yvonne Petersen, Patricia ​ Garcia

Cited Works: Michael Jackson. (2019, February 23). Retrieved from Carter G. Woodson. (2019, January 16). Retrieved https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Jackson February 19, 2019, from Michael Jordan. (2019, February 20). Retrieved from https://www.biography.com/people/carter-g-woodson-9 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Jordan 536515

What was the Underground Railroad? (n.d.). Retrieved Llamoca, J., & Llamoca, J. (2017, October 04). The Secret from http://www.harriet-tubman.org/underground-railroad/ ​ Revolutionary History of Tupac Shakur's Name. Retrieved

from Search results for America's library, Harriet tubman, https://trackrecord.net/the-secret-revolutionary-history-of-t Underground railroad. (n.d.). Retrieved from upac-shakurs-name-1819093454 https://www.loc.gov/search/?fa=subject:underground railroad&in=partof:america's library&q=harriet tubman

The Official Web Site of All Things Related to Madam C. Harriet Tubman. (2019, February 17). Retrieved from J. Walker. (n.d.). Retrieved February 06, 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harriet_Tubman http://www.madamcjwalker.com/

History.comEditors. (2019, February 08). Harriet Tubman. Retrieved February 08, 2019, from Editors, H. (2009, October 29). Madam C. J. Walker. https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/harriet-tu Retrieved from bman https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/madame-c-j- walker Abhijit Naik, A. B. (n.d.). Jackie Robinson Accomplishments. Retrieved February 19, 2019, from https://sportsaspire.com/jackie-robinson-accomplishm ents

Steve Wulf, S. W. (2019, January 31). Athletes and activism: The long, defiant history of sports protests. Retrieved February 19, 2019, from https://theundefeated.com/features/athletes-and-activi sm-the-long-defiant-history-of-sports-protests/

Ashley Davis, A. D. (n.d.). Segregation in America Lesson for Kids: Definition & Facts | Study.com. Retrieved February 19, 2019, from https://study.com/academy/lesson/segregation-in-ame rica-lesson-for-kids-definition-facts.html

Editors, H. (2009, November 09). Rosa Parks. Retrieved from https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/rosa-parks Little Rock Nine. (2019, February 20). Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Rock_Nine

The Nobel Peace Prize 1964. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/1964/king/biographical /