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The Night Operation on the Passchendaele Ridge, 2Nd December 1917
Centre for First World War Studies A Moonlight Massacre: The Night Operation on the Passchendaele Ridge, 2nd December 1917 by Michael Stephen LoCicero Thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of History and Cultures College of Arts & Law June 2011 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract The Third Battle of Ypres was officially terminated by Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig with the opening of the Battle of Cambrai on 20 November 1917. Nevertheless, a comparatively unknown set-piece attack – the only large-scale night operation carried out on the Flanders front during the campaign – was launched twelve days later on 2 December. This thesis, a necessary corrective to published campaign narratives of what has become popularly known as „Passchendaele‟, examines the course of events from the mid-November decision to sanction further offensive activity in the vicinity of Passchendaele village to the barren operational outcome that forced British GHQ to halt the attack within ten hours of Zero. A litany of unfortunate decisions and circumstances contributed to the profitless result. -
The First World War Centenary Sale | Knightsbridge, London | Wednesday 1 October 2014 21999
ALE S ENARY ENARY T WORLD WAR CEN WORLD WAR T Wednesday 1 October 2014 Wednesday Knightsbridge, London THE FIRS THE FIRST WORLD WAR CENTENARY SALE | Knightsbridge, London | Wednesday 1 October 2014 21999 THE FIRST WORLD WAR CENTENARY SALE Wednesday 1 October 2014 at 1pm Knightsbridge, London BONHAMS ENQUIRIES SALE NUMBER IMPORTANT INFORMATION Montpelier Street 21999 The United States Government Knightsbridge Books, Manuscripts, has banned the import of ivory London SW7 1HH Photographs and Ephemera CATALOGUE into the USA. Lots containing www.bonhams.com Matthew Haley £20 ivory are indicated by the symbol +44 (0)20 7393 3817 Ф printed beside the lot number VIEWING [email protected] Please see page 2 for bidder in this catalogue. Sunday 28 September information including after-sale 11am to 3pm Medals collection and shipment. Monday 29 September John Millensted 9am to 4.30pm +44 (0)20 7393 3914 Please see back of catalogue Tuesday 30 September [email protected] for important notice to bidders 9am to 4.30pm Wednesday 1 October Militaria ILLUSTRATIONS 9am to 11am David Williams Front cover: Lot 105 +44 (0)20 7393 3807 Inside front cover: Lot 48 BIDS [email protected] Inside back cover: Lot 128 +44 (0) 20 7447 7448 Back cover: Lot 89 +44 (0) 20 7447 7401 fax Pictures and Prints To bid via the internet Thomas Podd please visit www.bonhams.com +44 (0)20 7393 3988 [email protected] New bidders must also provide proof of identity when submitting Collectors bids. Failure to do this may result Lionel Willis in your bids not being processed. -
The Battle of Cambrai
THE BATTLE OF CAMBRAI GERMAN OCCUPATION REPORTS / MAPS / PICTURES THE BATTLE OF CAMBRAI Although its noise and fury could be heard from the town itself, in reality the Battle of Cambrai took place across the south of the Cambrésis. The confrontations which happened between November 20 th and December 7 th , 1917, setting They are assuring us that the 476 British armoured vehicles against the German Army, town of Cambrai was on the point protected by the Hindenburg line, were imprinted on the spirits of those who lived there, and destroyed whole villages. of being liberated yesterday, that the English got as far as Noyelles , Today the apocalyptic landscape created by the battle has that the Germans were going to given way to cultivated fields and rebuilt villages, but the deeply moving memories remain: photographs, personal flee without worrying about the diaries, blockhouses, cemeteries... population, but that the attack The ‘Cambrai : Town of Art and History’ service and the stopped suddenly and that our Cambresis Tourist Office invite you to discover this land, allies withdrew by two miles this so physically marked by the terrible conflicts of the last morning. Powerful reinforcements Fortified position - Hindenburg line century, many remnants of which are housed at the Cambrai German defensive line Tank 1917 museum. were sent to the Germans and ENGLISH POSITIONS we are still held in the chains of Cambresis Tourist Office British position on november 20 th 1917 48 rue de Noyon - 59400 Cambrai our slavery. Place du Général de Gaulle - 59540 Caudry Mrs Mallez, 21 November 1917 Place du Général de Gaulle - 59360 Le Cateau-Cambrésis British farthest position during 03 27 78 36 15 • [email protected] the Battle of Cambrai www.tourisme-cambresis.fr Only a few large, isolated shells fell now, one of which exploded immediately in front th of us, a welcome from hell, filling all the British position on december 7 1917 canal bed in a heavy and sombre smoke. -
The Western Front the First World War Battlefield Guide: World War Battlefield First the the Westernthe Front
Ed 2 June 2015 2 June Ed The First World War Battlefield Guide: Volume 1 The Western Front The First Battlefield War World Guide: The Western Front The Western Creative Media Design ADR003970 Edition 2 June 2015 The Somme Battlefield: Newfoundland Memorial Park at Beaumont Hamel Mike St. Maur Sheil/FieldsofBattle1418.org The Somme Battlefield: Lochnagar Crater. It was blown at 0728 hours on 1 July 1916. Mike St. Maur Sheil/FieldsofBattle1418.org The First World War Battlefield Guide: Volume 1 The Western Front 2nd Edition June 2015 ii | THE WESTERN FRONT OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR ISBN: 978-1-874346-45-6 First published in August 2014 by Creative Media Design, Army Headquarters, Andover. Printed by Earle & Ludlow through Williams Lea Ltd, Norwich. Revised and expanded second edition published in June 2015. Text Copyright © Mungo Melvin, Editor, and the Authors listed in the List of Contributors, 2014 & 2015. Sketch Maps Crown Copyright © UK MOD, 2014 & 2015. Images Copyright © Imperial War Museum (IWM), National Army Museum (NAM), Mike St. Maur Sheil/Fields of Battle 14-18, Barbara Taylor and others so captioned. No part of this publication, except for short quotations, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the permission of the Editor and SO1 Commemoration, Army Headquarters, IDL 26, Blenheim Building, Marlborough Lines, Andover, Hampshire, SP11 8HJ. The First World War sketch maps have been produced by the Defence Geographic Centre (DGC), Joint Force Intelligence Group (JFIG), Ministry of Defence, Elmwood Avenue, Feltham, Middlesex, TW13 7AH. United Kingdom. -
INFORMATION to USERS the Most Advanced Technology Has Been Used to Photo Graph and Reproduce This Manuscript from the Microfilm Master
. INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photo graph and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the original text directly from the copy submitted. Thus, some dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from a computer printer. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyrighted material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are re produced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is available as one exposure on a standard 35 mm slide or as a 17" x 23" black and white photographic print for an additional charge. Photographs included in the original manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. 35 mm slides or 6"X 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. Accessing theUMI World’s Information since 1938 300 North Z eeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA Order Number 8820321 Operational art and the German command system in World War I Meyer, Bradley John, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1988 Copyright ©1088 by Meyer, Bradley John. All rights reserved. UMI 300 N. ZeebRd. Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 OPERATIONAL ART AND THE GERMAN COMMAND SYSTEM IN WORLD WAR I DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of the Ohio State University By Bradley J. -
Canada and the BATTLE of VIMY RIDGE 9-12 April 1917 Bataille De Vimy-E.Qxp 1/2/07 11:37 AM Page 4
BRERETON GREENHOUS STEPHEN J. HARRIS JEAN MARTIN Bataille de Vimy-E.qxp 1/2/07 11:37 AM Page 2 Bataille de Vimy-E.qxp 1/2/07 11:37 AM Page 1 Bataille de Vimy-E.qxp 1/2/07 11:37 AM Page 3 BRERETON GREENHOUS STEPHEN J. HARRIS JEAN MARTIN Canada and the BATTLE OF VIMY RIDGE 9-12 April 1917 Bataille de Vimy-E.qxp 1/2/07 11:37 AM Page 4 Canadian Cataloguing in Publication Data Greenhous, Brereton, 1929- Stephen J. Harris, 1948- Canada and the Battle of Vimy Ridge, 9-12 April 1917 Issued also in French under title: Le Canada et la Bataille de Vimy 9-12 avril 1917. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-660-16883-9 DSS cat. no. D2-90/1992E-1 2nd ed. 2007 1.Vimy Ridge, Battle of, 1917. 2.World War, 1914-1918 — Campaigns — France. 3. Canada. Canadian Army — History — World War, 1914-1918. 4.World War, 1914-1918 — Canada. I. Harris, Stephen John. II. Canada. Dept. of National Defence. Directorate of History. III. Title. IV.Title: Canada and the Battle of Vimy Ridge, 9-12 April 1917. D545.V5G73 1997 940.4’31 C97-980068-4 Cet ouvrage a été publié simultanément en français sous le titre de : Le Canada et la Bataille de Vimy, 9-12 avril 1917 ISBN 0-660-93654-2 Project Coordinator: Serge Bernier Reproduced by Directorate of History and Heritage, National Defence Headquarters Jacket: Drawing by Stéphane Geoffrion from a painting by Kenneth Forbes, 1892-1980 Canadian Artillery in Action Original Design and Production Art Global 384 Laurier Ave.West Montréal, Québec Canada H2V 2K7 Printed and bound in Canada All rights reserved. -
The Evolution of British Tactical and Operational Tank Doctrine and Training in the First World War
The evolution of British tactical and operational tank doctrine and training in the First World War PHILIP RICHARD VENTHAM TD BA (Hons.) MA. Thesis submitted for the award of the degree of Master of Philosophy by the University of Wolverhampton October 2016 ©Copyright P R Ventham 1 ABSTRACT Tanks were first used in action in September 1916. There had been no previous combat experience on which to base tactical and operational doctrine for the employment of this novel weapon of war. Training of crews and commanders was hampered by lack of vehicles and weapons. Time was short in which to train novice crews. Training facilities were limited. Despite mechanical limitations of the early machines and their vulnerability to adverse ground conditions, the tanks achieved moderate success in their initial actions. Advocates of the tanks, such as Fuller and Elles, worked hard to convince the sceptical of the value of the tank. Two years later, tanks had gained the support of most senior commanders. Doctrine, based on practical combat experience, had evolved both within the Tank Corps and at GHQ and higher command. Despite dramatic improvements in the design, functionality and reliability of the later marks of heavy and medium tanks, they still remained slow and vulnerable to ground conditions and enemy counter-measures. Competing demands for materiel meant there were never enough tanks to replace casualties and meet the demands of formation commanders. This thesis will argue that the somewhat patchy performance of the armoured vehicles in the final months of the war was less a product of poor doctrinal guidance and inadequate training than of an insufficiency of tanks and the difficulties of providing enough tanks in the right locations at the right time to meet the requirements of the manoeuvre battles of the ‘Hundred Days’. -
The German Army, Vimy Ridge and the Elastic Defence in Depth in 1917
Journal of Military and Strategic VOLUME 18, ISSUE 2 Studies “Lessons learned” in WWI: The German Army, Vimy Ridge and the Elastic Defence in Depth in 1917 Christian Stachelbeck The Battle of Arras in the spring of 1917 marked the beginning of the major allied offensives on the western front. The attack by the British 1st Army (Horne) and 3rd Army (Allenby) was intended to divert attention from the French main offensive under General Robert Nivelle at the Chemin des Dames (Nivelle Offensive). 1 The French commander-in-chief wanted to force the decisive breakthrough in the west. Between 9 and 12 April, the British had succeeded in penetrating the front across a width of 18 kilometres and advancing around six kilometres, while the Canadian corps (Byng), deployed for the first time in closed formation, seized the ridge near Vimy, which had been fiercely contested since late 1914.2 The success was paid for with the bloody loss of 1 On the German side, the battles at Arras between 2 April and 20 May 1917 were officially referred to as Schlacht bei Arras (Battle of Arras). In Canada, the term Battle of Vimy Ridge is commonly used for the initial phase of the battle. The seizure of Vimy ridge was a central objective of the offensive and was intended to secure the protection of the northern flank of the 3rd Army. 2 For detailed information on this, see: Jack Sheldon, The German Army on Vimy Ridge 1914-1917 (Barnsley: Pen&Sword Military, 2008), p. 8. Sheldon's book, however, is basically a largely indiscriminate succession of extensive quotes from regimental histories, diaries and force files from the Bavarian War Archive (Kriegsarchiv) in Munich. -
The Durham Light Infantry and the Somme 1916
The Durham Light Infantry and The Somme 1916 by John Bilcliffe edited and amended in 2016 by Peter Nelson and Steve Shannon Part 4 The Casualties. Killed in Action, Died of Wounds and Died of Disease. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License You can download this work and share it with others as long as it is credited, but you can’t change it in any way or use it commercially © John Bilcliffe. Email [email protected] Part 4 Contents. 4.1: Analysis of casualties sustained by The Durham Light Infantry on the Somme in 1916. 4.2: Officers who were killed or died of wounds on the Somme 1916. 4.3: DLI Somme casualties by Battalion. Note: The drawing on the front page of British infantrymen attacking towards La Boisselle on 1 July 1916 is from Reverend James Birch's war diary. DCRO: D/DLI 7/63/2, p.149. About the Cemetery Codes used in Part 4 The author researched and wrote this book in the 1990s. It was designed to be published in print although, sadly, this was not achieved during his lifetime. Throughout the text, John Bilcliffe used a set of alpha-numeric codes to abbreviate cemetery names. In Part 4 each soldier’s name is followed by a Cemetery Code and, where known, the Grave Reference, as identified by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. Here are two examples of the codes and what they represent: T2 Thiepval Memorial A5 VII.B.22 Adanac Military Cemetery, Miraumont: Section VII, Row B, Grave no. -
Frank Percy Caudery Private 31218, 3Rd Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry Private 45649, 8 Th Battalion, Royal Berkshire Regiment
! Frank Percy Caudery Private 31218, 3rd Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry Private 45649, 8 th Battalion, Royal Berkshire Regiment Frank Percy Caudery was born at Wendover on 8 May 1892, the sixth and youngest child of Frederick Caudery, a butcher, and his wife Mary (née Minnie). In the Census Returns of 1901 and 1911, the family was living at Chesham Villas, Amersham. In 1911, Frank was described as a helmet maker, perhaps at the Misbourne Works of William Stone, which had a contract with the War Office for this manufacture in 1915. Frank married Amersham girl Ethel Stokes in 1912 when they were both aged 20. The following year, a daughter Gladys was born. Frank enlisted at Amersham with the Oxford and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry but was then transferred to the Royal Berkshires, 8 th Battalion, (date unknown). The Royal Berkshire Regiment were generally known as ‘The Biscuit Boys ’ because the regimental depot, Brock Barracks was located at Reading, not far from the well known biscuit factory, Huntley and Palmers, who were biscuit suppliers to the British Army for many years. The 8th Battalion of the Royal Berkshire Regiment was a unit of one of Kitchener's New Armies created early in the war. It was in Chesham Villas, White Lion Road, Amersham Kitchener's 5th New Army, known, like the (Photo – H Garas 7 Aug 2014) others, by an abbreviation, in this case K5 "! which came into being on 10 December 1914. For most of their time in England they were linked to the 7th Battalion. They moved to huts at Sutton Veney near Warminster on 7 May 1915 after having spent most of the winter billeted in Reading. -
Chesterfield Wfa
CHESTERFIELD WFA Newsletter and Magazine issue 28 Patron –Sir Hew Strachan FRSE FRHistS President - Professor Peter Simkins MBE Welcome to Issue 28 - the April 2018 FRHistS Newsletter and Magazine of Chesterfield WFA. Vice-Presidents Andre Colliot Professor John Bourne BA PhD FRHistS The Burgomaster of Ypres The Mayor of Albert Lt-Col Graham Parker OBE Professor Gary Sheffield BA MA PhD FRHistS Christopher Pugsley FRHistS Lord Richard Dannat GCB CBE MC rd DL Our next meeting will be on Tuesday April 3 where our guest speaker will be the Peter Hart, no stranger to Roger Lee PhD jssc the Branch making his annual pilgrimage back to his old www.westernfrontassociation.com home town. Branch contacts Peter`s topic will be` Not Again` - the German Tony Bolton offensive on the Aisne, May 1918. ` (Chairman) anthony.bolton3@btinternet .com Mark Macartney The Branch meets at the Labour Club, Unity House, Saltergate, (Deputy Chairman) Chesterfield S40 1NF on the first Tuesday of each month. There [email protected] is plenty of parking available on site and in the adjacent road. Access to the car park is in Tennyson Road, however, which is Jane Lovatt (Treasurer) one way and cannot be accessed directly from Saltergate. Grant Cullen (Secretary) [email protected] Grant Cullen – Branch Secretary Facebook http://www.facebook.com/g roups/157662657604082/ http://www.wfachesterfield.com/ Western Front Association Chesterfield Branch – Meetings 2018 Meetings start at 7.30pm and take place at the Labour Club, Unity House, Saltergate, Chesterfield S40 1NF January 9th Jan.9th Branch AGM followed by a talk by Tony Bolton (Branch Chairman) on the key events of the last year of the war 1918. -
Passchendaele – Canada's Other Vimy Ridge
MILITARY HISTORY Canadian War Museum CWM8095 Canadian Gunners in the Mud, Passchendaele 1917, by Alfred Bastien. PASSCHENDAELE – CANADA’S OTHERVIMYRIDGE by Norman S. Leach ...I died in Hell (they called it Passchendaele) through the mud again and amid the din of the my wound was slight and I was hobbling back; and bursting shells I called to Stephens, but got then a shell burst slick upon the duckboards; no response and just assumed he hadn’t heard me. so I fell into the bottomless mud, and lost the light. He was never seen or heard from again. He had not deserted. He had not been captured. One – Siegfried Sassoon of those shells that fell behind me had burst and Stephens was no more. Introduction – Private John Pritchard Sudbury ...At last we were under enemy gunfire and Wounded at Passchendaele I knew now that we had not much further to carry 26 October 1917.1 all this weight. We were soaked through with rain and perspiration from the efforts we had been By the spring of 1917, it was clear that the Allies were making to get through the clinging mud, so in trouble on the Western Front. British Admiral Jellicoe that when we stopped we huddled down in the had warned the War Cabinet in London that shipping nearest shell hole and covered ourselves with losses caused by German U-Boats were so great that a groundsheet, hoping for some sort of comfort Britain might not be able to continue fighting into 1918. out of the rain, and partly believed the sheet would also protect us from the rain of shells.