DOCSLIB.ORG

Systematics of Stator of North and Central America 29

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Systematics of Stator of North and Central America 29 ~ ~28 2 5 ~ ~12.8 1111 . ~1I1].5 1.0 ~ = 1.0 32 ~ 13.2 ~ 1 2.2 - 2.2 Iiol I a:.: 3 L- 1II1II::1> &0; I~- - I:. ~ ~ ~ ...~ ~ .0 '"L. • L. ~ 1.1 a.."","" 1.1 &...Lo. .... -- I _. I ­ 111111.25 111111.4 111111.6 111111.25 111111.4_ 111111.6 MICROCOPY RESOLU110N 1EST CHAR1 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION 1ES1 CHART NAlIvNA, eURt<,' or STANlJ.>IRDS·19D·A NAIIONAt BUR[AU or SJANDARDS·1963·A S1:Y STEMATICS OF ST.A.TOR OF NOR1'H AND CENTR.A.L .<t\MERICA (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Tp('hnkal Bulll'tin :\0. l;);r;­ Ag-ricultural Research St'rviee l'::\lTED ~TATES ImPART:\1E:\T OF A(:IU(TL'ITRE in cooperation with :\OI"II1l'rn Ari7.01Hl l'nin'rsity ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the folh)\ving- persons for the generollS loan of spec­ imens for this study: W. F. Barr, University of Idaho; E. C. Bet'kef and D. E. Bright, Canadian National Col1ection of In­ sects, Ottawa; H. R. Burke, Texas A & M University; G. W. Byers, University of Kansas; J. B. Chapin, Louisiana State Pniversit:y; J. A. Chemsak, {'niversity of Califomia, Berkeley; P. J. Clausell, University of Minnesobt; H. Dybas, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago; S. li'rommer. Unh'ersity of Califor­ nia, Riverside; W. J. Hanson. Utah State l!niversity; F. F. Has­ bn>uek, Arizona State University; 1. H. Herman, Amel'ican Museum of Natural History; C. 1. Hogue, Los "\:geles County MwOPum; P. D. Hurd, Jr., Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; M. T. James, Washington State University; R. J. Lavigne, '"Cniversity of Wyoming; J. F. Lawrence. Museum of Compara­ tive Zoology, Har\'ard University; H. B. Leech, California Acad­ (;'my of Sciences; G. H. Nelson, Kansas City College of Osteopa­ thy and SW'geI'Y; L. L. Pechurnan, Cornell University; B. C. Ratcliffe, L'nh'erslty of Nebraska; P. O. Ritcher, Oregon State Cnin:'rsity; E. P. Rouse, University of Al'kansas; M. W. Sander­ son, Hlinois State Natural History Survey; R. R. Snelling, Los Angeles County Museum; R. T. Thompson, British Museum (Nat­ ural History); P. H. Timberlake, Unin?t'sity of California, River­ side; C. A. Triplehorn, Ohio State University; J. D. Unzicker, 11- Ii t10is State NatUl'atHistory Survey; G. E. Wallace, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh; R. 1. Wen~el, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago; F. G. Werner, University of Arizona; and D. A. Young, North Carolina State University. .For identifying the many plants collected during this study, we thank R. H. Hevly and J. lVI. Rominger, Northern Arizona University; R. Liesner, "Y. H. Lewis, and R. P. Wunderlin, Mis­ souri Botanical Garden; and D. S. Verity, University of Califor­ nia, Los Angeles. For assisting in collecting plants, seeds, and processing seed cultures, we are most grateful to M. Johnson, K . .Johnson, and C. 1. Johnson, Flagstaff, Ariz.; and R. Medina, Northern Arizona University. Rodolpho HE'rnandez Corzo, Director General, Direccion Gen­ eral de la Fauna Silvestre, Mexico, D.F" and Benjamin Ortega CantE'l'o, Director General, Sanidad Vegetal Departamento Apli­ cadon Cuarentenaria, Mexico, D.F., were especially cooperative in procuring permits for collecting in iYIe::dco. Their help is g'rntefully aeknowlecigecL CONTENTS Pai!:t.l (~t\ll us Stlltor Bri d\vell ........ w ___________ ... ___ .. __ .. ______ .. _ ... ___ .. _ .. _ .... _ .. _ .... ____ ,.~ ....____ ... ________00<__ 2 Phytogelwtic ~rOllp!'. of Stnto r _______________________________________•__.-._.._._____ ._____ <I (~h nr!l(' t<, 1'8 __________________________________________________• ______ •••_______________________ >I Host II tn nts ._.___._..••.•.___._.__..._.•__. __ ••_...._.___••_.__..___•__•___._••________•••__ 5 Hos t ptn 11 ts und dis t ri b uti0 II • ____ •__• _______• ___•_______•__• __._.__ •••_._____._______ (j Rdulionships of ~l'OllllS ......________••___________._.__•__.._.......___- ..._____ 6 Key to species of Statol" ______._.______ ._._._____•_____________•____._._.__ ._._____••_ •• __._ 9 D(,s(' ri (l t ions ur spec ies ..__._•••• _._._..__••_••_._••_._•• _._______._.______•________._________ 12 d. IWgrotllS (Sharpl, new combination_.__•______________•_____._. _____••._________ 12 S. lWlll i .)'oh IlS0 n __ ....__ ._. _________...__...__•___ ..______..____..________•______________._ 16 S. /)llttilllt'ri Kingsol\'l'r ____ •__________••_____ ...________________________________________ 17 S, cllIllllPioni (Sha rp1 _____ •____________________________________________• ____________ .____ 20 S. chihuahlla, new speeil's __•______________________________________..•_____ 23 S. coconino, nl'w species ________________________._________________________________ 25 S. elissimilis, nt'W S peeies _______________•__ ...___ ..___________________________._________ 26 S. g£'IWI"lllis, IWW species _________..____...____ •• __ ...._________.____________________ 28 S. Iimba tllS (I-lorn) _________•______________ •____..__________________...._______________ 32 S. l/)('XiClll1l1S Botti nl('r ___ •___ ._...______.__________________________________________ 39 S. mOl/llchlls (Sharp), tWW combination _________-___________________________ 42 S. pruinilllls (Horn) ___•_________ •________ •__. ____ •. ____•____________________._______ 44 S. P.I'gidi111 is (SchlieffeJ"1 ___•___________________•__________•____________.______________ 52 S, sOI'elidlls (Bor'n) ....___ ._.____________••____________________..._..______.______________ 54 S. subaelwus (~:khl\l'fr(,l') ___•__•______•_________•__...________..._.._________________ 60 :. trisiglllltus (Shm·pl. new combination •____________•________ .________________ 63 S. \'Ilc/wllilll' Hottiml'r __________________________._____________________________________ 65 S. \·ittlltitllOJ"IlX (Pk), new combination _________________________________________ 68 L itel'a t IIrp cited ..........._. ___ .._._. ______________•___.____________________________________ 71 AplH'lldix ___ ._..._________._...._......_________________._______________________________ 75 Tttbh' L--Stlltor spel'i.:>!; lmd their host plants _________________________ 75 Tabll' 2.--Plnnts atlad:ed by Stlltor sp(!t'ies ___________________._________ 77 Tahle :t-SYllonymicnl list of Stator species of North and Central A Ill<' ric11 _..._.....__________• _______________________________• ___• ____• ___• 80 Tahk ,L-Ph~.logt'netic groups of Stator species of the New World_ 81 Washington, 11,C. Issued (ktniWI' i 1l7ll SYS'rEMATICS OF STATOR OF NORTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) By t'LARr::-in: I), .JOlI:-lSO:-i. IIss()l'ilite proft.'ss(w, Dl'PIlI'tlll('lIt of Bi()/ogicli/ Sci­ t'lIn's, NVl"clH'l"lI ...\I,jz:ell'll! (!nin'l'sity. lind .IOH;';:-'1. KI:-IGS()L\'~;I(. /,PSt'III'ell l'lIto­ IlIU/oglSt. ~,nlt"lIl11tl(' r;ntu/ll%g,l' Lllbol'lltOl'.I', XOl"tiWllst,'/'11 Regio/l, AJ.rl'il'll/­ tlll'lI/ Rt'IH'Ill'!'h SP1Ti,'p The ~enus StHtOI' was described by Bridwell (If)4(i)1 along with 11 other ~t'l1t'ra of Bruchidae, For these genera he listed only type-sp('ei('s; tlwl'efore the placement of the many described spPei('S, whkh wprE' in Bl'uchus, into Bridwell's new genera has been left to subsequent workers, such as Bottimer (1f)61, 1968b), Johnson (lY(iS, 19U5b), and Johnson and Kingsolver (1973), Johnson t1%8) was the first to revise one of Bridwell's genera when he treated the U.S speeies of St<1tor. Since then Kingsol­ ver (If/70b, 1972<1, 197%) and Bottimer (1973) have described new species and transferred described species to Stator, In addi­ tion to taxonomic studies, information on the ecology and be­ havior of species of StHtOl' has been published by Janzen (1967, 19{j9), Johnson (H}(i8Cl), Bottimer (1973), and Genter and Johnson (1 Pi4). Species of Stator are most abundant in the New World Trop­ ks, but the ~eographical range of the genus extends from the United States to Argentina, Several species are found in Hawaii and thl' West Indies, Until more specimens of Stator from South America become available, revisionary studies of those species must be delayed, Sti:ltor is not known outside the New World and Hawaii. Our studies show that Stator has well-defined generic limits, but until other New World genera are studied, the analysis of th", relationships of Stator to other bruchid genera must wait. W~' regard StCltOl' as a natural group related to Sennius Brid­ well, Bl'uchidius Schilsky, and Acanthoscelides Schilsky as well as most of the genenl. described by Bridwell (1946). 'Tht' yt'llr ill itn1ir aftN' Itll author's nan1\' inciit'atl's thl' rcfl'l'CllCl' in Literll­ lur\' ('IlI·d. p. 71. 1 2 TECHNICAL Bl!LLE'l'IN 1537, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE In this bulletin we describe Stator and its North and Central American species, compile groups of closely related species of Stator including the known species from other parts of the Western Hemisphere (table 4 ftnt.), compile lists of host plants from published data, and add new host data. Our classification is based on morphological and ecological data. Genus STATOR Bridwell StlltOl' Bridwell, 1946: 55; Bmdley. 1947: 39; Blackwelder and Bladnvelder, 1948: .15; Johnson, 1963: SliO; Decelle, t966: 112; Teran, 1967: 308, 316; Johnson, 1968b: 1270; Bottimer, 1965b: 1027, 1039,1041; Kingsolver. 1972b: 219; John­ son and Kingsolver, U)73: 1, 5. Type-Species.-Bruchus pruinillus Horn, by original designa­ tion. Small to medium bruchids in the Acanthoscelidini with the following mOI'phological characteristics: Head with frons carinate or with finely punctate line extend­ ing from frontoclypeal suture to vertex; antennae alike in both sexes, distal segments slightly eccentric, not serrate, usually reaching to humerus; posterior margin of eye usually protrud­ ing laterally, well separated from vertex; width of eye usually slightly wider than width of frons; distance from base of anten­ nae to apex of labrum ab~ut one-half as long as distance from upper limits of eyes to apex of labrum. 'Vestiture varying from all white hairs uniformly distributed to white, yel1ow, golden-brown hairs intermixed, or in distinct patterns.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Complex Patterns of Phenotypic Plasticity: Interactive Effects of Temperature During Rearing and Oviposition
    Ecology, 86(4), 2005, pp. 924±934 q 2005 by the Ecological Society of America COMPLEX PATTERNS OF PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY: INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE DURING REARING AND OVIPOSITION R. CRAIG STILLWELL1 AND CHARLES W. F OX Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, S-225 Ag Science Center North, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0091 USA Abstract. Temperature profoundly affects growth and life history traits in ectothermic animals through selection (i.e., genetic) and through direct effects on the phenotype (i.e., nongenetic/plasticity). We examined the effects of rearing temperature (248,308, and 368C) on adult body size and development time and the interactive effects of temperature ex- perienced during rearing and oviposition on several life history traits (age-at-®rst-repro- duction, fecundity, egg size, egg development, and egg hatching) in two populations of the seed beetle, Stator limbatus, collected at different elevations. The higher elevation popu- lation was larger and matured sooner than the low-elevation population when raised at the lower temperature, but the reverse was true at the higher temperature suggesting that these populations have adapted to local temperature. There were interactions between the effects of rearing temperature and oviposition temperature for age-at-®rst-reproduction, fecundity, egg development, egg hatching, and two composite measures of ®tness, generating complex reaction norms. The most dramatic example of this was a large maternal effect on egg hatching; females raised at low temperature produced eggs that had substantially reduced hatching when laid at high temperature. Our experimental design also allowed us to explore the adaptive signi®cance of acclimation. Beetles reared at intermediate or low temperature had the highest ®tness at multiple oviposition temperatures.
    [Show full text]
  • On Bruquids Associated with Fabaceae Seeds in Northern Sinaloa, Mexico
    Vol. 16(6), pp. 902-908, June, 2020 DOI: 10.5897/AJAR2020.14748 Article Number: 43D25EA63973 ISSN: 1991-637X Copyright ©2020 African Journal of Agricultural Author(s) retain the copyright of this article http://www.academicjournals.org/AJAR Research Full Length Research Paper Natural parasitism of hymenoptera (insect) on bruquids associated with Fabaceae seeds in Northern Sinaloa, Mexico Isiordia-Aquino N.1, Lugo-García G. A.2, Reyes-Olivas A.2, Acuña-Soto J. A.3, Arvizu-Gómez J. L.4, López-Mora F.5 and Flores-Canales R. J.1* 1Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Unidad Académica de Agricultura. Km 9 Carretera Tepic-Puerto Vallarta, Colonia centro, C.P. 63780 Xalisco, Nayarit, México. 2Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Colegio de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Agricultura Del Valle Del Fuerte, Calle 16 y Avenida Japaraqui, C.P. 81110 Juan José Ríos, Ahome, Sinaloa, México. 3Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Tlatlaquitepec. Km 122 + 600, Carretera Federal Amozoc – Nautla, C. P. 73907 Almoloni, Tlatlaquitepec, Puebla, México. 4Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Ciudad de la Cultura “Amado Nervo”, C. P. 63000 Tepic, Nayarit, México. 5Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Posgrado Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias. Km 9 carretera Tepic-Puerto Vallarta, Colonia centro, C.P. 63780 Xalisco, Nayarit, México. Received 29 Janaury, 2020; Accepted 13 March, 2020 With the purpose of identifying the parasitic hymenoptera species associated with the diversity of bruchidae over Fabaceae, in 2017 seeds of 25 plant species were collected from the municipalities of Ahome, El Fuerte, Choix and Guasave (Sinaloa, Mexico). From 68,344 seeds, 19,396 adult bruquids were obtained, distributed in nine species: Acanthoscelides desmanthi, Callosobruchus maculatus, Merobruchus insolitus, Mimosestes mimosae, Mimosestes nubigens, Microsternus ulkei, Stator limbatus, S.
    [Show full text]
  • Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring Within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘I: Synthesis Report
    Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Prepared by Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Surveying for Terrestrial Arthropods (Insects and Relatives) Occurring within the Kahului Airport Environs, Maui, Hawai‘i: Synthesis Report Francis G. Howarth, David J. Preston, and Richard Pyle Hawaii Biological Survey Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817 USA Prepared for EKNA Services Inc. 615 Pi‘ikoi Street, Suite 300 Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96814 and State of Hawaii, Department of Transportation, Airports Division Bishop Museum Technical Report 58 Honolulu, Hawaii January 2012 Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i Copyright 2012 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISSN 1085-455X Contribution No. 2012 001 to the Hawaii Biological Survey COVER Adult male Hawaiian long-horned wood-borer, Plagithmysus kahului, on its host plant Chenopodium oahuense. This species is endemic to lowland Maui and was discovered during the arthropod surveys. Photograph by Forest and Kim Starr, Makawao, Maui. Used with permission. Hawaii Biological Report on Monitoring Arthropods within Kahului Airport Environs, Synthesis TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents …………….......................................................……………...........……………..…..….i. Executive Summary …….....................................................…………………...........……………..…..….1 Introduction ..................................................................………………………...........……………..…..….4
    [Show full text]
  • Halona2021r.Pdf
    Terrestrial Arthropod Survey of Hālona Valley, Joint Base Pearl Harbor-Hickam, Naval Magazine Lualualei Annex, August 2020–November 2020 Neal L. Evenhuis, Keith T. Arakaki, Clyde T. Imada Hawaii Biological Survey Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817, USA Final Report prepared for the U.S. Navy Contribution No. 2021-003 to the Hawaii Biological Survey EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Bishop Museum was contracted by the U.S. Navy to conduct surveys of terrestrial arthropods in Hālona Valley, Naval Magazine Lualualei Annex, in order to assess the status of populations of three groups of insects, including species at risk in those groups: picture-winged Drosophila (Diptera; flies), Hylaeus spp. (Hymenoptera; bees), and Rhyncogonus welchii (Coleoptera; weevils). The first complete survey of Lualualei for terrestrial arthropods was made by Bishop Museum in 1997. Since then, the Bishop Museum has conducted surveys in Hālona Valley in 2015, 2016–2017, 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020. The current survey was conducted from August 2020 through November 2020, comprising a total of 12 trips; using yellow water pan traps, pitfall traps, hand collecting, aerial net collecting, observations, vegetation beating, and a Malaise trap. The area chosen for study was a Sapindus oahuensis grove on a southeastern slope of mid-Hālona Valley. The area had potential for all three groups of arthropods to be present, especially the Rhyncogonus weevil, which has previously been found in association with Sapindus trees. Trapped and collected insects were taken back to the Bishop Museum for sorting, identification, data entry, and storage and preservation. The results of the surveys proved negative for any of the target groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Bruchid Guilds, Host Preferences, and New Host Records from La Тin America and Texas for Тне Genus Stator Bridwell (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
    The Coleopterists Bulletin, 49(2):133-142. 1995. BRUCHID GUILDS, HOST PREFERENCES, AND NEW HOST RECORDS FROM LA ТIN AMERICA AND TEXAS FOR ТНЕ GENUS STATOR BRIDWELL (COLEOPTERA: BRUCHIDAE) CLARENCE DAN JOНNSON AND DAVID Н. SIEMENS1 Department of Biological Sciences, Northem Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 860 11, U .S.A. AвsтRAcr The oviposition guilds ofbruchid Ьeetles are: bruchids oviposit (А) on the pod while on the plant (Mature pod guild), or (В) on seeds while on the plant (Mature seed guild), or (С) on seeds after they had Ьееn exposed on the substrate (Scattered seed guild). Stator vittatithorax (Pic), S. trisignatus (Sharp) and S. monachus (Sharp) are memЬers ofGuild А. Stator limbatus(Hom), S. pruininus(Hom), S. beali Johnson and S. championi (Sharp) are the memЬers of Guild В. Stator chihuahua Johnson and Кingsolver, S. generalis Johnson and Кingsolver, S. pygidialis (Schaeffer), S. sordidus (Hom), S. testudinarius (Erichson) and S. vachelliae Bottimer are memЬers of Guild С. We report upon and discuss the Ьehavior and distribution ofthese species. Both generalist species of Stator, S. pruininus and S. limbatus, are in Guild В. Stator pruininus has Ьееn reported to feed in seeds of 55 host species and S. limbatus feeds in seeds of 74 host species. Species of Stator discussed here show а marked preference for seeds of species in the genus Acacia Miller. Johnson and Кingsolver (1976) revised the North and Central American species of the genus Stator Bridwell and puЬlished many new host records for its species. Johnson et а!. (1989) revised the species of Stator from South America.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolutionary Ecology of Progeny Size in Arthropods
    Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2000. 45:341±369 Copyright q 2000 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved. EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY OF PROGENY SIZE IN ARTHROPODS Charles W. Fox and Mary Ellen Czesak Department of Entomology, S-225 Agricultural Science Center North, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546-0091; e-mail: [email protected] Key Words egg size, geographic variation, life history, natural selection, parental investment Abstract Most models of optimal progeny size assume that there is a trade-off between progeny size and number, and that progeny ®tness increases with increasing investment per young. We ®nd that both assumptions are supported by empirical studies but that the trade-off is less apparent when organisms are iteroparous, use adult-acquired resources for reproduction, or provide parental care. We then review patterns of variation in progeny size among species, among populations within spe- cies, among individuals within populations, and among progeny produced by a single female. We argue that much of the variation in progeny size among species, and among populations within species, is likely due to variation in natural selection. How- ever, few studies have manipulated progeny environments and demonstrated that the relationship between progeny size and ®tness actually differs among environments, and fewer still have demonstrated why selection favors different sized progeny in different environments. We argue that much of the variation in progeny size among females within populations, and among progeny produced by a single female, is prob- ably nonadaptive. However, some species of arthropods exhibit plasticity in progeny size in response to several environmental factors, and much of this plasticity is likely adaptive.
    [Show full text]
  • A Catalogue of the Coleoptera of the Dutch Antilles E.O
    Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 162 (2019) 67–186 A catalogue of the Coleoptera of the Dutch Antilles E.O. Colijn, K.K. Beentjes, R. Butôt, J.A. Miller, J.T. Smit, A.J. de Winter and B. van der Hoorn This paper presents a first critical review of the beetle species (Insecta: Coleoptera) reported from the (former) Dutch Antilles as well as a history of beetle collecting and collectors on the islands. The introductory section provides a concise overview of the location, climate, geology and vegetation of the six islands. The catalogue is concluded with miscellaneous additions, corrections and annotations to the published records of the other islands of the northern Leeward Islands, and a comprehensive bibliography. (ZooBank registration: http://zoobank.org/ E2D76464-5AAE-4D75-9AC5-CA119E65D72A Keywords: E.O. Colijn*, J.T. Smit, European Invertebrate Survey, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. [email protected] K.K. Beentjes, R. Butôt, J.A. Miller, A.J. de Winter, B. van der Hoorn, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Introduction Peck (2011, 2016) recently published an overview Little has changed since Wallace (1876) and almost of the beetles of the Lesser Antilles, including the a century later Geijskes & Wagenaar Hummelinck northern Dutch Antilles. These papers are largely (1951) wrote that only few have occupied themselves based on Blackwelder’s (1944–1957) “Checklist of with the entomology of the Antilles. There is still a the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the lot more to discover than is known at present about West Indies, and South America”.
    [Show full text]
  • Population Genetics and Sociality in the Sungazer (Smaug Giganteus)
    Population genetics and sociality in the Sungazer (Smaug giganteus) Shivan Parusnath Doctoral Thesis Supervisors: Prof. Graham Alexander Prof. Krystal Tolley Prof. Desire Dalton Prof. Antoinette Kotze A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. 30th October 2020 “My philosophy is basically this, and this is something that I live by, and I always have, and I always will: Don't ever, for any reason, do anything, to anyone, for any reason, ever, no matter what, no matter where, or who, or who you are with, or where you are going, or where you've been, ever, for any reason whatsoever.” - Michael G. Scott DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my own, unaided work. It is being submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted before for any degree or examination at any other University. All protocols were approved by the University of the Witwatersrand Animal Ethics Screening Committee (2014/56/B; 2016/06/30/B), and the National Zoological Garden, South African National Biodiversity Institute (NZG SANBI) Research, Ethics and Scientific Committee (P14/18). Permits to work with Threatened or Protected Species were granted by the South African Department of Environmental Affairs (TOPS59). Permits to collect samples in the Free State and Mpumalanga provinces were provided by Department of Small Business Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs (01/34741; JM938/2017) and Mpumalanga Tourism and Parks Agency (MPB. 5519) respectively. Research approval in terms of Section 20 of the Animal Diseases Act (35 of 1984) was granted by the South African Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (12/11/1/1/18).
    [Show full text]
  • Drosophila | Other Diptera | Ephemeroptera
    NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL LIBRARY ARCHIVED FILE Archived files are provided for reference purposes only. This file was current when produced, but is no longer maintained and may now be outdated. Content may not appear in full or in its original format. All links external to the document have been deactivated. For additional information, see http://pubs.nal.usda.gov. United States Department of Agriculture Information Resources on the Care and Use of Insects Agricultural 1968-2004 Research Service AWIC Resource Series No. 25 National Agricultural June 2004 Library Compiled by: Animal Welfare Gregg B. Goodman, M.S. Information Center Animal Welfare Information Center National Agricultural Library U.S. Department of Agriculture Published by: U. S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service National Agricultural Library Animal Welfare Information Center Beltsville, Maryland 20705 Contact us : http://awic.nal.usda.gov/contact-us Web site: http://awic.nal.usda.gov Policies and Links Adult Giant Brown Cricket Insecta > Orthoptera > Acrididae Tropidacris dux (Drury) Photographer: Ronald F. Billings Texas Forest Service www.insectimages.org Contents How to Use This Guide Insect Models for Biomedical Research [pdf] Laboratory Care / Research | Biocontrol | Toxicology World Wide Web Resources How to Use This Guide* Insects offer an incredible advantage for many different fields of research. They are relatively easy to rear and maintain. Their short life spans also allow for reduced times to complete comprehensive experimental studies. The introductory chapter in this publication highlights some extraordinary biomedical applications. Since insects are so ubiquitous in modeling various complex systems such as nervous, reproduction, digestive, and respiratory, they are the obvious choice for alternative research strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • S. Limbatus Adapted to Different Host Plants, and Quantifies Population Differences in Phenotypic Plasticity
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by University of Kentucky University of Kentucky UKnowledge University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations Graduate School 2006 INFLUENCES OF HOST SIZE AND HOST QUALITY ON HOST USE IN A SEED-FEEDING BEETLE Angela Rocío Amarillo-Suárez University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Amarillo-Suárez, Angela Rocío, "INFLUENCES OF HOST SIZE AND HOST QUALITY ON HOST USE IN A SEED-FEEDING BEETLE" (2006). University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations. 352. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/352 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION Angela Rocío Amarillo-Suárez The Graduate School University of Kentucky 2006 1 INFLUENCES OF HOST SIZE AND HOST QUALITY ON HOST USE IN A SEED-FEEDING BEETLE ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the College of Agriculture at the University of Kentucky By Angela Rocío Amarillo-Suárez Lexington, Kentucky Director: Dr. Charles W. Fox, Professor of Entomology Lexington, Kentucky 2006 Copyright © Angela Rocío Amarillo-Suárez 2006 2 ABSTRACT OF DISSERTATION INFLUENCES OF HOST SIZE AND HOST QUALITY ON HOST USE IN A SEED-FEEDING BEETLE For insects that develop inside discrete hosts both host size and host quality constrain offspring growth, influencing the evolution of body size and life history traits.
    [Show full text]
  • INSECTA MUNDI a Journal of World Insect Systematics
    INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0093 Seed beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) associated with Acacia cornigera (L.) Willd., with description of a new species of Acanthoscelides Schilsky Jesus Romero Napoles and Aracely de la Cruz Perez Instituto de Fitosanidad Colegio de Postgraduados Montecillo, Estado de Mexico, MEXICO John M. Kingsolver Florida State Collection of Arthropods Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Gainesville, Florida, USA Date of Issue: September 25, 2009 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL Jesus Romero Napoles, Aracely de la Cruz Perez, and John M. Kingsolver Seed beetles (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) associated with Acacia cornigera (L.) Willd., with description of a new species of Acanthoscelides Schilsky Insecta Mundi 0093: 1-11 Published in 2009 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P. O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 32614-1874 U. S. A. http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any non-marine arthropod taxon. Manuscripts considered for publication include, but are not limited to, systematic or taxonomic studies, revisions, nomenclatural changes, faunal studies, book reviews, phylo- genetic analyses, biological or behavioral studies, etc. Insecta Mundi is widely distributed, and refer- enced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Abstracts, etc. As of 2007, Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, not as quarterly issues. As manuscripts are completed they are published and given an individual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are again reviewed by the editorial board to insure quality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Center for System- atic Entomology.
    [Show full text]
  • Terrestrial Arthropod Species
    Biological assessment of the greater Ballona Wetlands region: Terrestrial Arthropod species Ruch Mattoni April 12, 1991 To keep every cog and wheel is the first precaution of intelligent tinkering -Aldo Leopold INTRODUCTION The following report summarizes findings regarding the terrestrial Arthropod populations of the Playa Vista project area. The study was primarily designed to quantitatively assay two sets of species: those easily identified visually along a regulAr transect and those collected in pitfall taps situated to sample the major communities of areas most representative of historic conditions. The latter were all located in area B. Groups sampled included insects, arachnids, isopods, millipedes, and centipedes. A section is devoted to background information and discussion of all species of special interest, as efforts were made to survey their status. A comprehensive summary is presented of the total arthropod collections of Nagano (1981) and•this study with comparative information from the nearby El Segundo sand dune system and coastal prairie at LAX. Historical perspectives The greater Ballona wetlands region was composed of five distinct communities: tidal salt marsh, freshwater marsh, riparian, coastal dune scrub, and coastal sage scrub. The first four communities are all highly degraded today with the entire ecosystem essentially collapsed. This assessment is inferred from the quantitative loss of species among all groups of organisms for which adequate documentation exists. The loss of native species is exacerbated by increases in alien species. Across much of the area alien plants and animals together approach 100% of the total biomass. A map of extrapolated historic community distributions, figure 1, presents one concept superimposed over the 1894 Geological survey quadrangle.
    [Show full text]