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A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Stator (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)1

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A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Stator (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)1 A Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Stator (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)1 CLARENCE D. JOHNSON Department of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley ABSTRACT Except for designating Bruchus pruininus Horn as its pythonicus Pic, and Stator beali, a new species from type-species, Bridwell did not indicate what bruchid Texas. These six species are keyed; each is described, species should be assigned to his genus Stator. This its male genitalia are figured, and its distribution is genus is now found to include also Bruchus Hmbatus given. The known range of the genus is from Texas to Horn, B. sordidus Horn, B. snbaencus Schaeffer, B. California (and Hawaii), and south into Mexico. By 1905 some 60 Nearctic species had been de- also, but proved less useful than those of the males scribed in the genus Bruchus. Schilsky (1905), not- for differentiating species. Two parts of the male ing the bulkiness of the genus, divided it and re- genitalia were of especial value. One was the shape moved some of its species to his new genera Acan- of the tip of the aedeagus, an elongate, usually thoscclides, Bruchidius, and Bruchinus. Neither sharply pointed structure lying on the forked para- Schaeffer (1907) nor Fall (1910) recognized these meres. The second was the internal sac, which con- genera when they added about 25 new species, bring- tains various sclerotized teeth and/or other struc- ing the total number of Nearctic species of Bruchus tures, and is pictured at the bottom of each drawing. to about 85. The internal sac is everted into the vagina of the Bridwell (1946) realized the need for further divi- female during copulation, and the teeth, barbs, and sion of the genus Bruchus and for further definition other structures in the walls of the sac apparently of other Nearctic bruchid genera. He set the limits serve to hold the two individuals together during of Bruchus to include only Old World species, erected coitus. 12 new genera, and so defined Acanthoscelides that it contains more species than any other Nearctic ACKNOWLEDGMENTS genus of the family. Bridwell designated a type- I thank the following persons for the generous species for each new genus, but did not indicate what loan of specimens for this study: Dr. F. G. Werner, other species should be included either in these or in University of Arizona; Dr. W. F. Barr, University the older genera of Schilsky. The purpose of the of Idaho; Mr. Hugh B. Leech, California Academy present paper is to treat the species that I believe of Sciences; Dr. Paul Spangler, U. S. National should be placed in the genus Stator Bridwell. Museum; Dr. Jerry A. Powell, California Insect Sur- Horn (1873), in his revision of the Nearctic vey; and Dr. G. H. Nelson, Loma Linda University, Bruchidae, used the armature of the hind femora, Loma Linda, California. Special thanks go to Dr. among other characters, to divide the species of Richard S. Beal, Jr., Arizona State University, Brachus into several groups. Among the new species whose help made this paper possible. that he described were three that are here assigned to Stator. Of these, Bruchus sordidus, together with Genus Stator Bridwell two Fabrician species, was placed by Horn in his Stator Bridwell, 1946, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci. Group III, while B. Hmbatus and B. pruininus, along 36(2): 55; Bradley, 1947, Psyche, 1946, 53(3-4): 39. with five other new species, were assigned to his Adult Male.—Front usually with a median glabrous Group V. line and usually with median low carina. Pronotum Schaeffer (1907), taking into account the variation with flanks separated from dorsum by a simple, gently in size and number of the femoral teeth and the simi- curved, lateral carina extending from posterior angle larity between sordidus, pruininus, and Hmbatus, sug- of pronotum and ending near coxal cavity; carina gested placing sordidus with the other two; he also smooth, without denticles. Fifth and sixth elytral included a new species, Bruchus subaeneus, which, he striae abbreviated at apex, about four-fifths as long as indicated, was very similar to sordidus. Fall (1910) fourth; no basal elytral denticles. Hind femur with modified Horn's Group V to include the aforemen- both ventral margins carinate, outer margin more tioned four species, Bruchus pygidialis Schaeffer prominent; a single, strong tooth on inner ventral (=pythonicus Pic), and eight other species. margin. Mucro at apex of hind tibia one-fourth as The genus Stator, in my opinion, includes the five long as first tarsal segment. Apex of last abdominal species named above and a sixth species here de- sternum emarginate. scribed as new. Its geographical range, as known at Adult Female.—Apex of last abdominal sternum present, extends from Texas westward to central in gentle curve toward posterior, not emarginate. California (and Hawaii) and southward into Mexico. Type of the genus.—Bruchus pruininus" Horn, by I have found consistent taxonomic characters for original designation. separating the species in the structure of the male Stator is a distinct genus with well-defined limits. genitalia. Female genitalic structures were examined 2 Misspelled pruimis in Zoological Record for 1946, Insecta Accepted for publication November 5, 1962. 264. 860 1963] JOHNSON : REVISION OF THE GENUS Stator 861 The presence of a lateral pronotal carina bearing no Reared from seeds of Ccrcidium floridwm Bentham denticles serves to distinguish this from any other and Acacia greggi Gray. North American bruchid genus. Stator somewhat Location of type: Academy of Natural Sciences, resembles Scnnius Bridwell but is quite easily dis- Philadelphia. tinguished as the latter lacks the lateral carina on the Specimens examined: 144, from the following lo- pronotum. calities. ARIZONA.—Pima:3 Baboquivari Mts.; Tuc- son. Pinal: 5 mi. N. Casa Grande; Florence Jet; KEY TO THE SPECIES OF Stator n mi S Fiorence; 2 mi. E. Oracle. Maricopa: 5 mi. 1. Elytra rufous with lateral, basal, and sutural mar- W. Buckeye; Chandler; Gila Bend; 3 mi. S. Gila gins fuscopiceous to black 2 Bend; Granite Reef Dam; 18 mi. E. Mesa; Palo Elytra fuscous to piceous, without rufous spots 3 Verde; peoria; 1Q mj N Scottsdale; 9 mi_ S. Sun. 2. First segment of hind tarsus rufous; apex of hind flower Cochisc: Be Carr Q Huachuca Mts.; tibia usually rufous; apex of hind femur some- . __ ' ' ' times rufous; body covered with sparse yellow Chincahua Mts. Gila: Apache Lake. Santa Cruz: pubescence beali, new species Nogales. CALIFORNIA.—Imperial: Palo Verde. San All segments of hind leg black; body covered with Diego: (without definite locality). Riverside: 9 mi. sparse white pubescence limbatus (Horn) N Blythe; 19 mi. W. Blythe; Indio. Los Angeles: 3. Apex of hind femur with some rufous coloration Q Baldy; Pasadena; Pomona; Tanbark Flat; soratdus (Horn) „ ,, . , „ „ ' ,. T , „ Hind femur black 4 Santa Monica; Avalon, Santa Catalma Isl. Santa 4. Pubescence white, giving dusty appearance to"body] Barbara: Santa Barbara. San Bernardino: 34 mi. S. eyes prominent, posterior portions protruding Needles. Lake: Lucerne. PEXAS.—Brczvstcr: Alpine, from adjacent surfaces; antennae with some IJvaldc: Uvalde. Bexar: Leon Creek. Webb: Laredo. piceous coloration 5 MEXICO.—Baja California: San Antonio, Terr. Sur.; Pubescence mixed, white and fuscoferruginous; eyes 15 mi s San Domingo. Ruffo Ranch; Isla Ceralbo. flattened, posterior portions slightly more prom- _ ~ „ . " ' TT ' _ . inent than adjacent surfaces; antennae rufous Sonora: San Carlos Bay. HAWAII.—Puu Lampo, ..... subaeneus (Schaeffer) Koolau Range, Oahu. 5. Base of pygidium with two or three dots of white Stator limbatus is recognized by the rufous elytra pubescence .._ pythonicus (Pic) wjth black margins, in combination with the black Pygidium with uniform sparse, white pubescence, metathoracic leg. Male genitalic differences are without basal white dots . prmnmus (Horn) , , , . .. ,. , c" , ,. treated in the discussion of 6. beak. Stator limbatus (Horn), new combination Smor ^^ new spedes Bntchus limbatus Horn, 1873, Trans. Amer. Entomol. ,, , ,, , f , /TT , , N TT , , . , ... Soc. 4:324 (in key), 326; Schaeffer, 1907, Mus. Adult Male (Holotype).—Head black, with sparse Brooklyn Inst. Sci. Bull. 1(10) : 292; Fall, 1910, yellow pubescence; front with median glabrous line; Trans. Amer. Entomol. Soc. 36: 165. labrum fuscous. Antenna rufous; four basal seg- Aca)itlwscclidcsnmbatus:Black\.\-e\der, 1946, Bull. U. S. merits filiform, apical seven subserrate. Eyes promi- JSatl. Mus. 185(4): 760. nent^ pOsterjor portions protruding from adjacent Adult Male—Head black, with sparse white pubes- surfaces. Pronotum black, with sparse yellow pubes- cence. Antenna with basal four to five segments cence. Scutellum quadrate, black, with white pubes- rufous, apical six or seven segments fuscous to black; cence. Elytron rufous, with lateral, basal, and sutural basal four segments filiform, apical seven segments margins fuscopiceous; lateral margin ending with subserrate; basal segment two times longer than sec- subapical fuscopiceous maculation produced medially ond segment. Eyes prominent, their posterior portion to sixth stria; elytron with sparse yellow pubescence, protruding from surrounding surfaces. Pronotum Pygidium black, with three faint, basal, white- black, with sparse white pubescence. Scutellum usu- pubescent dots, one medial, two lateral; remainder ally quadrate, sometimes transverse, with sparse white uniformly white-pubescent. Venter black, with mixed pubescence. Elytron rufous, with lateral, basal, and yellow and
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