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LO2 Resource: Lions, Donkey and Humans Overall Learning Objectives: 1 #lionopera LO2 Resource: Lions, donkey and humans Overall learning objectives: 1. To be able to compare and contrast lions, donkeys and humans in a variety of ways. 2. To be able to identify similarities and also what sets the three species apart from each other. 3. To build connections with and empathy for lions and donkeys. Slide Focus and learning Sequence of activities and content Resources, links and ideas objectives 2 Learning objectives of the 1. To be able to compare and contrast lions, donkeys and humans unit: in a variety of ways. 2. To be able to identify similarities and also what sets the three species apart from each other. 3. To build connections with and empathy for lions and donkeys. 3 What do we need to stay What do humans need? What would happen if our basic needs alive and be happy? Brainstorm ideas of what we need to stay alive and also to be were not met? happy. • No food or water • No shelter We have some basic needs, just to stay alive; • No air to breath • food, water • shelter What would happen if our “higher” needs • air were not met? But there are other things that help us have a better life and add to • If we were ill all the time, or had a the quality of our lives; serious disease • Healthy; being ill does not make us feel good • If we had no other people to talk to and • Friends, love; we are social animals and like other people no friends around us • If we did not exercise or just focussed • Play, exercise; to keep our bodies and minds fit on school work / work all the time. No • Rest; sleep is needed to help our bodies recover hobbies. • Care; parents, doctors, dentist, hospitals etc. • If we did not get enough or any sleep. • If there were no one to look after us; friends, neighbours, parents, doctors, hospitals, fire service, police, ambulance 4 What do donkeys need to What do donkeys need? Discussion about what would happen to stay alive and be happy? Brainstorm ideas of what donkeys need to stay alive and also to be donkeys if their needs were not met. happy. Is it the same as humans? Animals who are looked after by humans Donkeys have some basic needs, just to stay alive; should be ensured the “five freedoms”; • food, water 1. Freedom from hunger and thirst; • shelter easy access to fresh water and a good • air diet to maintain health. But there are other things that help them have a better life and add 2. Freedom from discomfort; provided to the quality of their lives; an appropriate environment including • Healthy; being ill is not good for donkeys either shelter and a comfortable resting area. • Friends; donkeys are social animals that normally live in a herd. 3. Freedom from pain, injury or They tend to make a bond with another donkey or animal that disease, by prevention through rapid normally lasts for life. diagnosis and treatment • Play, exercise; donkeys need to be able to run around and play. 4. Freedom to express normal This exercise is good for both their bodies to keep fit and for behaviour; by providing sufficient space, their well-being, so they don’t get bored and frustrated. proper facilities and company of the animal's own kind • Rest; donkeys need sleep just like humans. However, donkeys 5. Freedom from fear and distress; by can sleep lying down or standing up. The sleeping while ensuring conditions and treatment which standing is a behaviour left from when they were wild asses so avoid mental suffering they could escape predators by being able to run off more quickly. • Love and care; donkeys benefit from the love of an owner or Care and welfare information for donkeys is groom that looks after them and the care of a veterinary available; surgeon, dental technician and farrier, who trims their hooves. https://www.thedonkeysanctuary.org.uk/he alth-and-care 5 What do lions in the wild What do lions need? need to stay alive and be Brainstorm ideas of what lions in the wild need to stay alive and also happy? to be happy. Is it the same as humans and donkeys? Living in the wild is different…… why? • Animals have to fend for themselves; hunt, find shelter and water, bring up their young and survive threats from other animals and humans. They are not “looked after”. Lions have the same basic needs, just to stay alive; • food, water • shelter • air But there are other things that help lions have a better life; • Healthy; being ill is not good for lions either and those with serious or life threatening illnesses are not normally able to get help from anyone. • Pride; lions are the most sociable of the big cats and they normally live in a group called a pride. They are the only species of big cat to live in groups. • Play; lion cubs play with each other and their environment. Studies have shown that while male lions tend to lose this sense of fun, lionesses have been observed playing with each other. • Rest; lions need sleep just like humans and donkeys. In fact lions tend to spend about 80% of the day resting in the shade, being more active at dawn and dusk. • Habitat; lions need space to live and the habitat has to be suitable for them in terms of vegetation, food source, shelter, water and physical size. • Protection; impact from humans has been having a negative effect on lions for the last two centuries, with the small number of lions left in the wild leading them to be classified as either vulnerable (African lion) or endangered (Asiatic lion). The loss of habitats due to farming and human civilisation growth is a major factor in this. Also, due the low numbers of lions left they are vulnerable to extinction by other unpredictable events such as disease or large forest / plains fires. Trophy hunting, illegal poaching and poisoning also pose a threat to the ongoing existent of the lion. 6 What do things that are Things that are alive need certain things and do certain things. alive need to do to stay Brainstorm what these might be. alive? • Breath; apart from some tiny water based creatures things that are alive need oxygen • Eat food; food and nutrition is needed to acquire the energy to maintain life and grow. Animals cannot produce their own energy (like plants can), so they have to rely on consuming plants, nutrients and other animals. • Drink or need water to keep them hydrated so that their body systems work correctly, including digesting food and transferring oxygen around their bodies. • React to the world around them; animals react to stimuli; heat, cold, sun, wind, sounds, smells, touch and taste. Plants react to the stimuli too particularly heat, cold, wind and the chemical balance of the soil and air around them. • Move (react) (as above) • Breed or have offspring; living things reproduce to keep their species alive. They have babies of some form. • Produce waste of some kind 7 Body systems; humans Humans have a range of body systems that keep them alive and Research the organs involved in the well; different body systems and describe their • Skeleton; this is the internal framework of bone and cartilage function. that supports the rest of the organs and systems. It gives them shape and space. • Muscles; these are fibrous tissues that can contract and return to normal that maintain or move parts of the body • Breathing; the respiratory system enables us to breath, which is a complex process where air enters and leaves the lungs, supplying oxygen to our bodies. • Circulatory system; involving the heart, arteries and veins transporting nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones and blood cells around our bodies. • Nervous system; the network of nerve cells and fibres which transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body, along with to and from our brains. • Digestive system; starting with the mouth, moving through the throat (pharynx, esophagus), stomach, intestines, rectum and anus. This system enables us to get energy from the food we eat and get rid of our waste. There are other organs involved too; liver gallbladder and pancreas. For our body fluids and liquids the kidneys and bladder are part of this system too. 8 Body systems; donkeys Donkeys have body systems too. Research some differences between a Do we think they are the same or different to our own? human body and a donkey’s; • Temperature In fact our body systems are very similar to the donkey’s, there are • Heart rate a few organs / parts of the system that have different common • Size names, but all of the systems are basically the same. • Body parts (hooves, muzzle !!) This means that donkeys; • have skeletons • have muscles • need to breath • have a heart and pump blood around their bodies • can feel and react to things around them • Need food and water to survive and produce waste. 9 Body systems; lions Lions have body systems too. Do we think they are the same or different to our own? In fact our body systems are very similar to the lion’s, there are a few organs / parts of the system that have different common names, but all of the systems are basically the same. This means that lions; • have skeletons • have muscles • need to breath • have a heart and pump blood around their bodies • can feel and react to things around them • need food and water to survive and produce waste.
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