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15 Steps to Freedom

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15 Steps to Freedom 15 STEPS TO FREEDOM A HOW-TO GUIDE TO THE PASSOVER SEDER PRE-SEDER PASSOVER QUIZ: How much do you know about Passover? Try this quiz to find out: (answers appear in the back of this booklet) 1. What number appears most frequently in the Haggadah? • 4 • 15 • 600,000 2. The first time the Jews ate matzah was: • After leaving Egypt in a hurry, with no time for their bread to rise • The night prior to leaving Egypt, at the first Passover Seder • When Manischewitz opened a small matzah bakery in Cincinnati, Ohio 3. The recipe for Charoset is: • Dates, wine, walnuts and apples • Avocado, bananas, coconut and pine nuts • Sesame seeds, honey, pepper and cloves 4. Of the Four Sons, which is regarded as the most problematic? • The wise son • The evil son • The simple son • The son who doesn’t know how to ask 5. The miracle of the plague of hail was: • It was summertime • The frozen hail was also on fire • The hail was as big as soccer balls 6. What important figure is mentioned only tangentially in the Haggadah? • God • Abraham • Moses • Pharaoh 7. What food may be used for Maror, the bitter herbs? • “Red horseradish” from the jar • Lettuce • Cayenne peppers 8. Before Passover begins, we rid our homes of chametz by: • Searching for chametz • Burning our chametz • Selling our chametz • Nullifying our chametz • All the above 9. How many Jews were living in Egypt, prior to the onset of the plagues? • 600,000 • 3 million • 15 million 10. How much wine should be drunk at each of the Four Cups? • 5 cc (one teaspoon) • 98 cc (3.3 ounces) • 250 cc (8.4 ounces) • 946 cc (one quart) PREPARING FOR THE SEDER The table should be set with the following special items: • The Seder plate, which contains, in clockwise order: Shank bone – Zeroa – lamb or roasted chicken leg bone Charoset – a mixture of ground nuts, fruit, wine, and spices Bitter herbs – Maror – typically red or white horseradish Vegetable – Karpas – parsley or any other vegetable, such as potatoes Egg –Beitzah – a roasted hard-boiled egg • A covered plate that holds three pieces of matzah. • A bowl of salt water. • A wine glass for each person. Each participant will drink four cups of wine or grape juice during the Seder. • An extra wine glass for Elijah the Prophet. The Seder meal should be prepared and conducted without bread or other leavened food such as cake. Products made with matzah flour can be substituted. LIGHTING THE YOM TOV (HOLIDAY) CANDLES Before the start of every Sabbath or Jewish holiday, it is traditional for the women of the household (or any individual) to light two candles in honor of the holiness of the day. After lighting the candles, recite: Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the Universe, who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us that we kindle the Yom Tov (Holiday) lights. Baruch Atah Ado-nai, Elo-heinu Melech Ha-olam, Asher Kid’shanu B’mitzvotav V’tzivanu L’hadlik Ner Shel Yom Tov. Seder: THE 15 STEPS TO FREEDOM STEP1. SANCTIFYING THE DAY: KADESH What does it mean? To begin the Seder, we make Kiddush and sanctify the day. The word "kiddush" means special and unique. The first step to personal freedom is to recognize that you are special. You have a distinct combination of talents, skills and experiences that qualifies you to make a unique contribution to the world. In Egypt, the Jews were forced to build the store-cities of Pitom and Ramses. Why was this tortuous labor? Because these cities rested on swamp-land, and every time the Jews built one level, it sunk into the ground. Slavery is a life with no accomplishment, no achievement, and no meaning. On Passover, we begin our journey toward personal freedom by asking: What is humanity's biggest need? What can I contribute most profoundly to nurture and protect the world? And...what am I going to do about it? How do you do it? Holding the cup of wine in one’s right hand, recite: Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the Universe, who creates the fruit of the vine. Baruch Atah Ado-nai Elo-heinu Melech Ha-olam Boreh Pree HaGafen. The Blessing of Shecheyanu is recited at this point Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, who has kept us in life, sustained us, and enabled us to reach this season. Baruch Atah Ado-nai, Elo-heinu Melech Ha-olam, Shehecheyanu, V'kiye-manu Vehigi-yanu La-z'man Ha-zeh The first cup of wine is drunk, and the cup is refilled. STEP 2. FIRST RITUAL HAND-WASHING: URCHATZ What does it mean? “Why do we wash our hands at this point in this Seder?” the Talmud asks. “Because it is an unusual activity which prompts the children to ask questions.” The very name Haggadah means “telling,” for the goal of the Seder is to arouse curious questions, and satisfying answers. We’ve all felt the sense of awe upon meeting a fascinating person, or reading an enlightening new book. But as adults we may become enslaved by the idea that it’s more sophisticated to “know it all.” Passover teaches that to be truly free we must approach life with child-like wonderment. “Who is the wise person?” asks the Talmud. “The one who learns from everyone.” Passover is the holiday of springtime, joy and renewal. Nissan is the first month. And the very word for “month,” chodesh, has the same letters as the word for “new,” chadash. The Seder is filled with unusual activities. Be curious. Be a student of life. Be free. How do you do it? Pour water from a cup on each hand over a sink or basin without reciting a blessing, in preparation for the next step, Karpas, that you’ll dip in salt water. STEP 3. DIPPING PARSLEY IN SALT WATER: KARPAS What does it mean? We take a green vegetable and bless God for creating fruits from the ground. Gratitude is liberating. “Who is the rich person?” asks the Talmud. “The one who’s satisfied with what he’s got.” This appreciation comes through focusing on details. For example, to get this green vegetable to our table, it had to be planted, harvested, packed, shipped, unloaded, unpacked, displayed, and rung up by a cashier – before we even bring it home! If we truly appreciate all we have, we’ll be constantly proclaiming: “Life is a wonderful gift!” On a deeper level, we dip the vegetable in salt water to let us know that even those things which appear bitter – a lost job or a broken relationship – are ultimately for the best. Gratitude is an attitude. It requires constant effort and attention. Traditional Jews strive to say 100 blessings every day. The reward: personal emancipation. How do you do it? Parsley (or any other vegetable such as celery or potato) is dipped in salt water and then eaten. Before eating the vegetable, recite the following blessing: Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the Universe, who creates the fruit of the earth. Baruch Atah Adonai Elo-heinu Melech Ha-olam Boreh Pree Ha’adamah. STEP 4. BREAKING THE MIDDLE MATZAH: YACHATZ What does it mean? We break the middle matzah, and put it aside to serve later as the Afikomen. Why do we break the matzah now if we don’t need it until later? Because a key to freedom is to anticipate the future and make it real. The definition of maturity is the ability to trade a lower pleasure now for a higher pleasure later. Children lack this perspective and demand instant gratification. (Why not eat 10 candies now? Because you’ll get a stomach-ache later!) The challenge of adulthood is training ourselves to look at the long-term consequences. (Why not intermarry now that I’m in love? Because the future portends family tension, confusion for children, and estrangement from one’s roots.) “Who is the wise man?” asks the Talmud. “The one who sees the future.” We break the middle Matzah, not for now, but for later. Because true freedom is a long-term proposition. How do you do it? The middle matzah on the plate is broken in half. One half is put back with the stack; the other half is placed in a napkin (or special holder) and designated the Afikomen (literally: dessert) and put aside. It is traditional in some homes to hide the Afikomen for children to find before it is eaten after the meal, or for children to “steal” the Afikomen and “hold it ransom.” STEP 5. THE TELLING OF THE STORY OF PASSOVER: MAGGID What does it mean? The Sages tell us that the unique ability given to humanity is the power of speech. Speech is the tool of building and construction. God used it to create the world (“And God said: Let there be light.”), and the Kabbalists used it to create the Golem. On Seder night, we use our gift of speech for the central part of the Haggadah: telling the Passover story. The very word “Pesach” is a contraction of the words Peh Sach, meaning “the mouth speaks.” The Hebrew name for Pharaoh, on the other hand, is a combination of Peh Rah, meaning “the evil mouth.” Just as speech has the power to build, it also has the power to destroy. Gossip and slander drive apart families and communities. On Passover, we use speech to “build” humanity – by communicating, connecting, and encouraging each other.
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