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Parasitologia Hungarica 13. (Budapest, 1980)

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Parasitologia Hungarica 13. (Budapest, 1980) Parasit. Hung. 13. 1980. The System of Cestodes of the Suborder Catenotaeniata Spassky, 1963 Dr. Frantisek TENORA — Dr. Santiago MAS-COMA— Dr. Éva MURAI — Dr. Carlos FELIU Zoological Department of the University of Agriculture, Brno, Czechoslovakia — Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain — Zoological Department of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary "The system of cestodes of the suborder Catenotaeniata Spassky, 1963" - Tenora, F. - Mas-Coma, S. - Murai, É. - Feliu, C. - Parasit. Hung. 13_. 39-57. 1980. ABSTRACT. A new systematic division of cestodes of the suborder Catenotaeniata Spassky, 19 63 is presented. The single family Catenotaeniidae Spassky, 1950 belong­ ing to this suborder is divided into two subfamilies: Catenotaeniinae Spassky, 1949 and Skrjabinotaeniinae Genov et Tenora, 1979. The subfamily Catenotaeniinae in­ cludes the genera Catenotaenia Janicki, 1904, Hemicatenotaenia (Tenora, 1977) Genov et Tenora, 1979, Pseudocatenotaenia gen.nov. and Quentinotaenia gen.nov. The subfamily Skrjabinotaeniinae comprises the genus Skrjabinotaenia Akhumyan, 1946 and Meggitina Lynsdale, 1953. A hypothesis on the evolution of cestodes of the suborder Catenotaeniata is discussed. INTRODUCTION The suborder Catenotaeniata was established by SPASSKY (19 63) for the cestodes of the family Catenotaeniidae Spassky, 1950. The separation of this family from the suborder Anoplocephalata was necessary with respect tó its morphological-anatomical characters, dif­ ferent process of evolution, specialization (during the life-cycle) to invertebrates and to a single order of mammals - rodents. Characteristic features of the larvae of these cestodes are the presence of the apical sucker. In adult specimens, the topography of body organs is arranged in a quite special manner: originally strong asymmetrically formed ovary (except Quentinotaenia) and originally markedly elongated uterus (except in Meggittina). FREEMAN (19 73) pointed out independent evolutionary branches of cestodes of the families Catenotaenii­ dae, Proteocephalidàe and Taeniidae (which according to SPASSKY, 1978 are taxa at the level of suborders: Catenotaeniata, Proteocephalata and Taeniata) and documented a principal dif­ ference between the evolution of these cestodes and of those of the family Anoplocephalidae (Anoplocephalata). Thus, the scheme of FREEMAN (1973) is near to the classification of LOPEZ-NEYRA (1947) who included already the genus Catenotaenia in the family Taeniidae. In spite of the above facts the system proposed by SPASSKY in 1963 has not been generally accepted in the helminthological literature. Often the family Catenotaeniidae has not even been recognized and the species of this family have been ascribed to the subfamily Catenotaeniinae or Anoplocephalinae (fam.: Anoplocephalidae) belonging to the suborder Ano­ plocephalata (see GENOV and TENORA, 1979). Our studies of the material (see below) and literature revealed that with regard to the present state in the cestode taxonomy, Catenotaeniidae can be placed as a single known family to the suborder Catenotaeniata. On the other hand, the studies of the peculiarities of these cestodes, not only from morphological, but also ecological and paleobiological view­ points, let us to the conclusion that the present system of Catenotaeniata should be revised. MATERIAL The material mentioned by GENOV and TENORA (1979) and original material from Spain and Hungary were used for the present studies: a) The material from Spain: 1. - Catenotaenia pusilla (Goeze, 1782). Hosts: Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 and Mus spretus Lataste, 1883. - Localities: La Floresta (prov. Barcelona), Amposta (prov. Tarragona) and Villanueva de Sijena (prov. Huesca). 2. - Pseudocatenotaenia matovi (Genov, 1971). Host: Apodemus sylvaticus Lin­ naeus, 1758. - Localities: Figueras and Estartit (prov. Gerona) and La Guingueta (prov. Lérida). 3. - Skrjabinotaenia lobata (Baer, 1925). Host: Apodemus sylvaticus Linnaeus, 1758. - Localities: All N.E. of Spain (prov. Barcelona, Tarragona, Gerona, Lérida and Huesca). b) The material from Hungary: 4. - Catenotaenia pusilla (Goeze, 1782). Host: Mus musculus spicilegus Petényi, 1844. - Localities: Orgovány (Com. Bács-Kiskun), Nagyiván (Com. Hajdú-Bihar), Tákos (Com. Szabolcs-Szatmár), Budapest-Óbuda, Kosd, Nagykovácsi (Com. Pest), Bakonynána, Nagyvázsony (Com. Veszprém). 5. - Skrjabinotaenia lobata (Baer, 192 5). Host: Apodemus flavicollis Melchior, 1834.- Localities: Aranyosgadány (Com. Baranya), Brennbergbánya, Sopron (Com. Győr-Sopron), Hajdúbagos, Űjszentmargita (Com. Hajdú-Bihar), Kisnána (Com. Heves), Budakeszi, Ber- necebaráti-Deszkáspuszta (Com. Pest), Somogyszob Lake Baláta (Com. Somogy), Balaton- csicsó, Nagyvázsony, Tihany, (Com. Veszprém), Vállus (Com. Zala). - Host: Apodemus agrárius Pallas, 1771. - Locality: líjszentmargita (Com. Hajdú-Bihar); - Host: Apodemus sylvaticus Linnaeus, 1758. - Localities: Tákos-Bockerek (Com. Szabolcs-Szatmár), Tihany. (Com. Veszprém), Zajk (Com. Zala). - Host: Microtus agrestis Linnaeus, 1761. - Locality: Oriszentpéter (Com. Vas). RESULTS Suborder CATENOTAENIATA'Spassky, 1963 Description (after SPASSKY, 1963): Cyclophyllidea of flat bodies. Strobila craspe- dote or acraspedote. Larval stages of merocercoid type provided with apical sucker and de­ veloping in invertebrates. Larvogenesis without metameria stage. Basic stem of uterus ly­ ing longitudinaUy, giving off side branches. Testes situated behind female genital organs, on their sides or in front of them. Adult specimens parasitise in rodents. Type family: Catenotaeniidae Spassky, 1950. Family CATENOTAENIIDAE Spassky, 19 50 Description (after GENOV and TENORA, 1979): Catenotaeniata of small to medium size. Scolex rounded or semioval, and provided with four suckers. Rostellum and rostellar hooks lacking. Mature segments are elongated either transversely or longitudinally, similar to gravid segments. Genital apparatus is unpaired. Testes situated either in the lower part of proglottids and do not surround the ovary, or surround the cvary in various ways accord­ ing to its situation. Vitelline gland lies near the poral part of proglottids or posteriorly to ovary. Ovary is asymmetrical (except Quentinotaenia), its anterior margin either overlaping genital openings or reaching to the level of these openings. Openings of genital organs situat­ ed either in the lower part of anterior third of proglottids near the upper margin of the an­ terior third of proglottids, or near the anterior part of proglottids. Vas deferens is tubular or ribbonlike; the cirrus sac. contains a cirrus with or without spines. Vesicula seminalis externa and interna absent. Vagina situated posteriorly to the openings of male genital or­ gans. Uterus consisting of a central stem giving off side branches, lateral branches bearing secondary branches. The excretory system comprises longitudinal and transverse stems or a large number of longitudinal stems with processes. Larval stage of meroceroid type devel­ oping in arthropods. It is provided with an apical sucker which may remain even in mature specimens. Eggs are oval and their surface is smooth or with processes. Oncosphere pos- sesse« an oval membrane or a membrane with processes. Adult specimens parasitise rodents. Type genus: Catenotaenia Janicki, 1904. Figs. 1-13: Schematic illustration of principal morphological characters of cestodes of the genus Meggittina Lynsdale, 1953 (Figs 1-4) and Skrjabinotaenia Akhumyan, 1946 (Figs. 5-13) 1 = Meggittina aegyptica (Wolfgang, 1956); 2 = M. gerbilli (Wertheim, 1954); 3 - M. criceto- mydis (Hockley, 1961); 4 = M. baeri Lynsdale, 1953; 5 = Skrjabinotaenia lobata (Baer, 1925)- fully gravid segments; 6 = S, occidentalis Hunkeler, 1972 - fully gravid segment; 7 - S, ora- nensis (Joyeux et Foley, 1930); 8 = S. compacta (Ortlepp, 1962); 9 = S. madagascariensis Quentin et Durette-Desset, 1974; 10 = S. pauciproglottis Quentin, 1965; 11 = S. media Quen­ tin, 1971; 12 = S. lucida (Ortlepp, 1962) - fully gravid segments; 13 = S. psammomi Mikhail et Fahmy, 1969 - fully gravid segment 1. Subfamily CATENOTAENIINAE Spassky, 1949 Description (after GENOV and TENORA, 1979): Cestodes of the family Catenotaenii­ dae. Testes situated only in lower part of proglottids, not surrounding ovary from lateral and dorsal side. Testes situated between lateral excretory canals or overlapping them; they may be divided partly or completely into two groups. Genital openings situated in lower part of an­ terior third of proglottids. Type genus: Catenotaenia Janicki, 1904. 2. Subfamily SKRJABINOTAENIINAE Genov et Tenora, 1979 Description (after GENOV and TENORA, 1979): Cestodes of the family Catenotaenii­ dae. Scolèx semioval or rounded. Testes never restricted to the lower part of proglottids, but surrounding ovary in various ways, and do not overlap lateral excretory canals. They may be divided into two groups. Genital openings in anterior part of upper third of proglot­ tids, mostly in the same level like the anterior margin of the ovary. Ovary asymmetrical, its larger part mostly situated in aporal part of proglottids. Type genus: Skrjabinotaenia Akhumyan, 1946. Note: WERTHEIM (1954) described a new genus Rajotaenia. SPASSKY (1955) clas­ sified the genus Rajotaenia Wertheim, 1954 as a synonym of the genus Skrjabinotaenia Akhu- myan, 1946 which belongs to the family Catenotaeniidae Spassky, 19 50. YAMAGUTI (1959) placed the genus Rajotaenia into the family Anoplocephalidae Cholodkowsky, 1902. He con­ sidered
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