Col·Lecció D'automòbils Salvador Claret Clara Lopez Basanta 2012
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The Life-Cycle of the Barcelona Automobile-Industry Cluster, 1889-20151
The Life-Cycle of the Barcelona Automobile-Industry Cluster, 1889-20151 • JORDI CATALAN Universitat de Barcelona The life cycle of a cluster: some hypotheses Authors such as G. M. P. Swann and E. Bergman have defended the hy- pothesis that clusters have a life cycle.2 During their early history, clusters ben- efit from positive feedback such as strong local suppliers and customers, a pool of specialized labor, shared infrastructures and information externali- ties. However, as clusters mature, they face growing competition in input mar- kets such as real estate and labor, congestion in the use of infrastructures, and some sclerosis in innovation. These advantages and disadvantages combine to create the long-term cycle. In the automobile industry, this interpretation can explain the rise and decline of clusters such as Detroit in the United States or the West Midlands in Britain.3 The objective of this paper is to analyze the life cycle of the Barcelona au- tomobile- industry cluster from its origins at the end of the nineteenth centu- ry to today. The Barcelona district remained at the top of the Iberian auto- mobile clusters for a century. In 2000, when Spain had reached sixth position 1. Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the International Conference of Au- tomotive History (Philadelphia 2012), the 16th World Economic History Congress (Stellen- bosch 2012), and the 3rd Economic History Congress of Latin America (Bariloche 2012). I would like to thank the participants in the former meetings for their comments and sugges- tions. This research benefitted from the financial support of the Spanish Ministry of Econo- my (MINECO) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the projects HAR2012-33298 (Cycles and industrial development in the economic history of Spain) and HAR2015-64769-P (Industrial crisis and productive recovery in the Spanish history). -
Entries by Class
Entries by Class Reg Owner Motorcycle Color Condition Restored AA American Antique, pre 1946 557 Bass, Gordon 1923 Indian Big Chief Indian Red Stock unk 536 Batsleer, Maria 1908 American Motorcycle Co M M Maroon Stock Original 535 Batsleer, Robert 1922 Ner-A-Car Delux Black Stock Original 369 Bordeaux, Ray 1940 Harley-Davidson 45 Flat Head Black Stock 1999 368 Nelson, Norman 1911 Reading Standard Single Cylinder, bel Red Stock Original 490 Stauffer, Jack "Flathead" 1940 Harley-Davidson UL w/sidecar Red Stock 2010 AC American Classic, 1969-1980 563 Dugish, John 1980 Harley Davidson FLH Venom Red Stock 2014 571 Gifford, Gary 1972 Harley Davidson FX Red/White/Blue Stock 1986 611 McHugh, Patrick 1972 Harley-Davidson FLH Burgundy Stock Original 418 Sykes, Joseph 1975 Harley Davidson FXE Sunburst Burgund Stock Original AM American Modern, 1981-1990 570 Armstrong, Gary 1988 Harley-Davidson FXRS Lowrider Black/Gold Stock Original 434 Sweet, Richard G 1984 Harley Davidson FLHTC Tan/Cream Stock Original AS American Special, thru 1990 633 Gili, Brad 1970 Harley Davidson FLH Sportster Modified AV American Vintage, 1946-1968 596 Coe, Steve 1957 Harley Davidson Servi-car Aqua Stock 2015 332 Francavilla, Eugene 1957 Harley Davidson Duo Glide Black/Red Stock 2005 331 Francavilla, Eugene 1966 Harley Davidson Electra Glide Black/White Stock 2004 595 Gehr, Michael 1947 Harley Davidson FL Teal/White Modified 2004 403 Hampton, Mark 1958 Harley-Davidson FLH Duo Glide Sky Blue/Birch Stock Original 378 Linder, B. T. 1948 Indian Chief Black/White Stock 2002 567 -
Historia De SEAT
HISTORIA DE LOS AÑOS 50 La "Sociedad Española de Automóviles de Turismo" (SEAT) apareció el 9 de mayo de 1950 en el despacho de un notario. Firmaron la escritura pública el INI (Instituto Nacional de Industria), cinco bancos españoles y la empresa automovilística Fiat, que aportaba su tecnología y experiencia en el sector. Además, Fiat, dada su posición de privilegio en el pacto, impuso los criterios económico-industriales por encima de los criterios políticos deseados por los miembros del estado totalitario. Gracias a este hecho, la fábrica se construyó finalmente en unos terrenos de la Zona Franca de Barcelona, muy cerca del puerto y, por lo tanto, con muy buenas comunicaciones, descartando la ubicación de las instalaciones en una zona "más española" como hubiera sido Merimé, que era la preferida por las autoridades. En los primeros tiempos de funcionamiento de la sociedad, los principales lugares de responsabilidad fueron ocupados por ingenieros militares como José Ortiz Echagüe, primer presidente de la empresa, o Luís Villar Molina, que inspeccionaba periódicamente a través de las 22 hectáreas de las instalaciones los avances en las obras de construcción de las naves montado en su caballo. Las primeras naves empezaron a levantarse poco después de que el congreso norteamericano aprobase un crédito de 62 millones de dólares fruto del final del aislamiento internacional al cual se había sometido el estado español desde la II guerra Mundial debido al triunfo, aquí, del fascismo. De todas maneras, esta apertura de fronteras fue más debido al hecho de haberse demostrado la ineficacia del embargo y a los intereses comerciales que no a la concesión de libertades. -
El Sorgiment D'una Indústria
CAT 26 d’energia assequibles n’alenteix cotxes per a les classes mitjanes marques i fer grans inversions en la implantació. Si bé, en un primer americanes i dels utilitaris per als la cerca de nous mercats i d’una Les arrels de la indústria 1860-1900: moment, l’automoció aposta pel 1900-1939: 1945-1973: europeus i els japonesos. Mentre el 1974-1995: eficiència energètica més alta. transport comercial i pel transport mercat americà presenta models Les marques automobilístiques El sorgiment Del cavall col·lectiu, a la darreria del segle xix, La forja d’un Un món com el Ford Super Deluxe (1946) Eficiència i ajusten la producció a les de l’automòbil a Barcelona l’interès pel transport privat ja o el Cadillac Coupe DeVille (1955), necessitats del mercat i dissenyen esdevé prioritari. Aquest és el a Europa circulen els Citroën 2CV, automòbils més funcionals, AUTOMÒBIL / al motor de període del naixement de les curses nou producte sobre rodes els Mini Austin Rover (1959), els robotització com ara els monovolums o els d’automòbils i de la fundació de les Trabant 601 (1960) o el Renault esportius compactes. D’aquest Si l’Europa industrial va ser el Acabada la Segona Guerra La crisi energètica del 1973 col·lapsa Un estendard BCN d’una indústria combustió primeres grans marques d’aquests niu tecnològic que va afavorir Mundial (1939-1945), els Estats 4 (1961). La crisi energètica del la indústria de l’automòbil. El període d’ajustament i d’inversions GUIA D’HISTÒRIA vehicles: Benz (1890), Peugeot el naixement de l’automòbil, Units esdevenen la gran potència 1973, però, ocasiona una recessió boom dels anys precedents i tecnològiques neix el procés de la segona revolució Són els inicis de l’era de l’automòbil. -
Motor Vehicle Make Abbreviation List Updated As of June 21, 2012 MAKE Manufacturer AC a C AMF a M F ABAR Abarth COBR AC Cobra SKMD Academy Mobile Homes (Mfd
Motor Vehicle Make Abbreviation List Updated as of June 21, 2012 MAKE Manufacturer AC A C AMF A M F ABAR Abarth COBR AC Cobra SKMD Academy Mobile Homes (Mfd. by Skyline Motorized Div.) ACAD Acadian ACUR Acura ADET Adette AMIN ADVANCE MIXER ADVS ADVANCED VEHICLE SYSTEMS ADVE ADVENTURE WHEELS MOTOR HOME AERA Aerocar AETA Aeta DAFD AF ARIE Airel AIRO AIR-O MOTOR HOME AIRS AIRSTREAM, INC AJS AJS AJW AJW ALAS ALASKAN CAMPER ALEX Alexander-Reynolds Corp. ALFL ALFA LEISURE, INC ALFA Alfa Romero ALSE ALL SEASONS MOTOR HOME ALLS All State ALLA Allard ALLE ALLEGRO MOTOR HOME ALCI Allen Coachworks, Inc. ALNZ ALLIANZ SWEEPERS ALED Allied ALLL Allied Leisure, Inc. ALTK ALLIED TANK ALLF Allison's Fiberglass mfg., Inc. ALMA Alma ALOH ALOHA-TRAILER CO ALOU Alouette ALPH Alpha ALPI Alpine ALSP Alsport/ Steen ALTA Alta ALVI Alvis AMGN AM GENERAL CORP AMGN AM General Corp. AMBA Ambassador AMEN Amen AMCC AMERICAN CLIPPER CORP AMCR AMERICAN CRUISER MOTOR HOME Motor Vehicle Make Abbreviation List Updated as of June 21, 2012 AEAG American Eagle AMEL AMERICAN ECONOMOBILE HILIF AMEV AMERICAN ELECTRIC VEHICLE LAFR AMERICAN LA FRANCE AMI American Microcar, Inc. AMER American Motors AMER AMERICAN MOTORS GENERAL BUS AMER AMERICAN MOTORS JEEP AMPT AMERICAN TRANSPORTATION AMRR AMERITRANS BY TMC GROUP, INC AMME Ammex AMPH Amphicar AMPT Amphicat AMTC AMTRAN CORP FANF ANC MOTOR HOME TRUCK ANGL Angel API API APOL APOLLO HOMES APRI APRILIA NEWM AR CORP. ARCA Arctic Cat ARGO Argonaut State Limousine ARGS ARGOSY TRAVEL TRAILER AGYL Argyle ARIT Arista ARIS ARISTOCRAT MOTOR HOME ARMR ARMOR MOBILE SYSTEMS, INC ARMS Armstrong Siddeley ARNO Arnolt-Bristol ARRO ARROW ARTI Artie ASA ASA ARSC Ascort ASHL Ashley ASPS Aspes ASVE Assembled Vehicle ASTO Aston Martin ASUN Asuna CAT CATERPILLAR TRACTOR CO ATK ATK America, Inc. -
The Franklin NEWS-RECORD Bntored Es Mocond Claes Mellcr on July S, 196] VOL
4’ The Franklin NEWS-RECORD Bntored es mocond claes mellcr on July S, 196] VOL. 14, NO. 23 et the Pout Office In Somerset, New Jereey. SOMERSET, NEW JERSEY, THURSDAY, JUNE 6, 1968 10~ per copy Job Council Training Stewpot Sought Simmers Hamilton Park Third Session Group Urges Continues Regan Program Soon Seating Debate Members of an overwhelming By K.D. Tiven majority of the poor families near Hamilton Park, Franklin Town- A Township Council split four- ship, want JOb training, according fourwith neither side showing a~y to a survey directed by Ronaid inclinationtoward compromise in Copeland,director of the Hamilton the William Regan appointment Park Neighborhood Youth Develop- controversymeets againtonight ment Program. The survey was at 8 p.m. sponsored by the Somerset Com- This is the third resumption of munity Action Program. Scouts ~om Troop254pulleda floatwithanIndian a meeting which started May 23, While the survey concluded that onlyto adjournthree times as the members of 62 per cent of the The Franklin High School Golden Warrior band, champions of the Jaycee marching band contest in 1967 ~eme. deadlockover a successorto Jo- poor families surveyed desired Job here show that they have quite a "following" sephPucillo’s 2nd Wardseat re- training, it also indicated that sistedany Settlement. many of the poor who responded: A checkthis week did, however, negatively did so because they: findcouncilmen nearly unanimous were "too old" or "too ill" for on one thing-- not one of them suchtraining. I Photos by LoSardo Early Bird: Dry Parade was willingto hazardmore than The survey, covering 207 house- I a vague guess at what will happen holds in a low income area of] this evening. -
Hierarchical Clusters: Emergence and Success of the Automotive Districts of Barcelona and São Paulo
Hierarchical Clusters: Emergence and Success of the Automotive Districts of Barcelona and São Paulo JORDI CATALAN TOMÀS FERNÁNDEZ-DE-SEVILLA This article analyzes the causes for the long-term success of the Barcelona (Spain) and São Paulo (Brazil) automobile industry clus- ters. Comparative evidence suggests that both clusters emerged in the early twentieth century through the formation of Marshallian external economies. Nevertheless, neither Barcelona nor São Paulo reached mass automobile production before 1950. The consolida- tion of the clusters required the adoption of strategic industrial policy during the golden age of capitalism. This policy succeeded in encouraging a few hub firms to undertake mass production by using domestic parts. The strategic policy also favored these leading corporations transferring their technical, organizational, and distri- bution capabilities, which in turn amplified the advantages of the clusters. Local institutions did not make a significant contribution. © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Business History Conference. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. doi:10.1017/eso.2019.27 Published online February 4, 2020 JORDI CATALAN is full professor of Economic History at the University of Barcelona. Contact information: Department of Economic History, Faculty of Economics, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 690, 08034 Barcelona (Catalonia), Spain. E-mail: [email protected]. TOMÀS FERNÁNDEZ-DE-SEVILLA is the Kurgan-van Hentenryk Postdoctoral Fellow in Business History at the Solvay Brussels School of Economics and Management. -
Las Vegas 2021 Text List | Mecum Auctions
Las Vegas 2021 Text List | Mecum Auctions Date Lot Year Make Model 4/28/2021 W1 1974 Honda XL70 4/28/2021 W2 1968 Sears 250SGS 4/28/2021 W2.1 1969 BSA Lightning 4/28/2021 W3 1969 BSA Firebird 4/28/2021 W3.1 1969 BSA Victor 4/28/2021 W4 1971 BSA Thunderbolt 4/28/2021 W4.1 1971 BSA B-50 Model SS 4/28/2021 W5 1974 Hodaka Motocross 100 4/28/2021 W5.1 Hodaka Super Rat 100 4/28/2021 W6 1964 Honda CB750 4/28/2021 W6.1 1973 Honda CB450 4/28/2021 W7.1 1973 Honda SL70 4/28/2021 W8 Honda S90 4/28/2021 W8.1 1969 Norton S Model Hi-Pipe 4/28/2021 W9 1973 Norton Commando 4/28/2021 W10 1967 Norton Atlas 4/28/2021 W10.1 1974 Norton Commando 850 4/28/2021 W11 1962 Norton 650 SS 4/28/2021 W11.1 1963 Puch Allstate Sport 60 4/28/2021 W12 Teliamotors Moped 4/28/2021 W13 1956 Triumph 650 4/28/2021 W14 1966 Triumph 500 4/28/2021 W15 1970 BSA B255 4/28/2021 W16 1977 Yamaha IT 175 4/28/2021 W17 1984 Fantic 300 4/28/2021 W18 1975 Suzuki GT750 4/28/2021 W19 1974 Yamaha 100 4/28/2021 W20 1967 Honda 90 Step-Through 4/28/2021 W21 1976 Yamaha RD400 4/28/2021 W22 1967 Honda Superhawk 305 4/28/2021 W23 1999 Kawasaki V800 With Sidecar 4/28/2021 W24 1984 Suzuki RM250 4/28/2021 W25 1966 Bultaco Metisse 4/28/2021 W26 1967 Bultaco Matador 4/28/2021 W27 1987 Suzuki RM80 H Motocross 4/28/2021 W28 1978 Yamaha YZ80 4/28/2021 W29 1994 Suzuki 400 4/28/2021 W30 2009 Suzuki Hayabusa 4/28/2021 W31 2009 Kawasaki ZX6 4/28/2021 W32 1987 Suzuki GSXR50 4/28/2021 W33 1979 Honda CR125 Elsinore 4/28/2021 W34 1974 Suzuki TM75 Mini-Cross 4/28/2021 W35 1975 Honda QA50 K3 4/28/2021 W36 1997 Yamaha -
Montesa History
History ORIGINS The history of Montesa goes back to 1944, when a young Barcelona industrialist, Pere Permanyer Puigjaner, 33, began to produce his own gas generators for automobiles, thus opening a new branch of activities in the motorcycle industry. The gas generator industry was characteristic of Spanish life during the post-Civil War period. During the Second World War, 1939-1945 and during the time of Spanish reconstruction after its devastating civil war from 1936-39, the shortage of fuel had paralysed Spanish transport in such a way that the application of the gas generator system (an artful procedure for obtaining fuel by burning almond shells) was at that time a virtually magical resource for running cars, trucks and electrical generators. Pedro Permanyer had learned of the performance of vegetable combustion through the business founded by his grandfather, who had devoted his time to the importing and distribution of coal. Carbones Permanyer obtained the raw material from Corsica and Sicily and shipped it to Barcelona aboard its own schooners. Pedro Permanyer Puigjaner was born in Barcelona on 21 July 1911. At the age of 11 he and his family moved to the new family home in the Sant Martí district of Barcelona, where the family firm was located. His involvement in the neighbourhood and his work with local youth and the development of the district earned him the "San Martín de Oro" prize in 1975, awarded by the Municipal District Office for his "international presence". Although for a certain period of time he worked in the family firm under the direction of his father, he soon showed a natural inclination for industry and a passion for mechanics. -
Dumpers Españoles En El Mundo. El Proceso De Internacionalización De Ausa (1956-2005)
Lluís Virós Dumpers españoles en el mundo. El proceso de internacionalización de Ausa (1956-2005) LLUÍS VIRÓS Universitat• Autònoma de Barcelona Introducción1 La progresiva globalización de la economía ha reavivado desde hace un par de décadas el estudio de la internacionalización económica, es decir, de la evo- lución del intercambio mundial de bienes, servicios y capitales, el desarrollo de las multinacionales o la transferencia de tecnología2. El esfuerzo académico por ampliar el conocimiento de los procesos de internacionalización ha sido notable en España, especialmente desde los años ochenta con la integración en la Comunidad Económica Europea (CEE)3. La cronología aceptada sobre el grado de apertura de la economía española4 1. Este artículo procede de una comunicación presentada en la sesión «La internacionaliza- ción de la empresa española en perspectiva histórica» (coordinada por Eugenio Torres y Núria Puig) del IX Congreso de la Asociación Española de Historia Económica, celebrado en Murcia en septiembre de 2008. El autor agradece los comentarios de Carmen Sarasúa, Josep M. Benaul, José Luis García Ruiz y los de los informantes anónimos de la RHI. También agradece al personal, dirección y propiedad de Ausa las facilidades dadas para la consulta de la documentación de la empresa y las atenciones recibidas durante la realización de las entrevistas que han documentado este trabajo, así como su autorización para presentarlo en público. Ni que decir tiene que los erro- res que contenga son responsabilidad del autor. 2. Las inversiones directas en el extranjero (IDE) en relación al PIB se consideran el princi- pal indicador de internacionalización de una economía (Guillén, 2006). -
La Vanguardia 06-6-53
SÁBADO 6 DE JUNIO DE 1953 LA VANGUARDIA ESPAÑOLA SS tssam L OS E P O R TES f 1 ~' """' ' r-r*-i*—T*~ ' i i i ÉIMI •! f 11 mu» Éf^n n i ii iii MIII i IB i •[ ii ^tiin i mu ni i n niif i'iniiinii i -n— i—~——-- ~-~*-~ . ..— .—.^_—._ .. l ^.^ . i —i • — t M , eix Campeonato ád mundo ¿e Hockey sobre patines, en Ginebra EL I TROFEO CONDE DE GODO En los segundos encuentros de la serie fina!, ayer El Concurso Internacional del Real Club de perdió España contra Portugal, e Italia gané a Suiza Tenis Barcelona, prosiguió ayer en Peáraflbes Interesante jornada de semüinales para esta tarde Hoy, españoleseitalíanosse enfrentarán en un partido decisivo para el título .'...... Ginebrái 5. (Crónica telefónica de: nuestro enviado especial) Seixas-Buser y Bergelín- LOS TRES FACTORES t>E LA DERROTA ¡ OTRO TRIUNFO AVASALLADOR DE ITALIA^ Morea, paridos de calidad Una trascendental semi- Tres motivos han decidido el encuentro en favor de En el primer encuentro de esta noche, correspondiente El orden de juego previsto para esta Portugal y en contra de España. En primer lugar, los juga- a la serie final, Italia en otro alarde de velocidad ha supe- tarde en las pistas del Real Barcelona, en final de Tenis, a las cua- dores espano.es han puesto en la lid menos nervio que en j rado en este aspecto, que es precisamente el punto fuerte de Pedraflbas, ofrece insuperables alicientes en la continuación del importante torneo tro de .la...tarde- de hoy otras ocasiones. En segundo término,, han influido los erro- Suiza, venciendo a ésta por 4-2. -
H:\My Documents\Article.Wpd
Vehicle Data Codes as of 1/26/2010 Press CTRL + F to prompt the search field. VEHICLE DATA CODES TABLE OF CONTENTS 1--LICENSE PLATE TYPE (LIT) FIELD CODES 1.1 LIT FIELD CODES FOR REGULAR PASSENGER AUTOMOBILE PLATES 1.2 LIT FIELD CODES FOR AIRCRAFT 1.3 LIT FIELD CODES FOR ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLES AND SNOWMOBILES 1.4 SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES 1.5 LIT FIELD CODES FOR SPECIAL LICENSE PLATES 2--VEHICLE MAKE (VMA) AND BRAND NAME (BRA) FIELD CODES 2.1 VMA AND BRA FIELD CODES 2.2 VMA, BRA, AND VMO FIELD CODES FOR AUTOMOBILES, LIGHT-DUTY VANS, LIGHT- DUTY TRUCKS, AND PARTS 2.3 VMA AND BRA FIELD CODES FOR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AND CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT PARTS 2.4 VMA AND BRA FIELD CODES FOR FARM AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT AND FARM EQUIPMENT PARTS 2.5 VMA AND BRA FIELD CODES FOR MOTORCYCLES AND MOTORCYCLE PARTS 2.6 VMA AND BRA FIELD CODES FOR SNOWMOBILES AND SNOWMOBILE PARTS 2.7 VMA AND BRA FIELD CODES FOR TRAILERS AND TRAILER PARTS 2.8 VMA AND BRA FIELD CODES FOR TRUCKS AND TRUCK PARTS 2.9 VMA AND BRA FIELD CODES ALPHABETICALLY BY CODE 3--VEHICLE MODEL (VMO) FIELD CODES 3.1 VMO FIELD CODES FOR AUTOMOBILES, LIGHT-DUTY VANS, AND LIGHT-DUTY TRUCKS 3.2 VMO FIELD CODES FOR ASSEMBLED VEHICLES 3.3 VMO FIELD CODES FOR AIRCRAFT 3.4 VMO FIELD CODES FOR ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLES 3.5 VMO FIELD CODES FOR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT 3.6 VMO FIELD CODES FOR DUNE BUGGIES 3.7 VMO FIELD CODES FOR FARM AND GARDEN EQUIPMENT 3.8 VMO FIELD CODES FOR GO-CARTS 3.9 VMO FIELD CODES FOR GOLF CARTS 3.10 VMO FIELD CODES FOR MOTORIZED RIDE-ON TOYS 3.11 VMO FIELD CODES FOR MOTORIZED WHEELCHAIRS 3.12