DOCSLIB.ORG

The London School of Economics and Political

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The London School of Economics and Political The London School of Economics and Political Science The European Community’s Opening to the People’s Republic of China, 1969-1979: Internal Decision-Making on External Relations Marie Julie Chenard A thesis submitted to Department of International History for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, September 2012 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the Phil/PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without the prior written consent of the author. I warrant that this authorization does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. Abstract This thesis analyses the decision-making within the European Community on opening to the People’s Republic of China between 1969 and 1979. The three main research themes, which this thesis will make a contribution to, are the EC’s decision-making in foreign policy, European integration in the 1970s, and the intersection of European integration and the Cold War. Neither the historiography of the Cold War nor of European integration have dealt with the EC-PRC relationship. This research addresses that deficiency. This is the first detailed, systematic historical study of the origins of the Community’s response to China that bases on archival sources released according to the 30-year rule. The study takes a Community-centred perspective, focusing on how the interests of the EC member states, those of the EC intergovernmental and supranational actors came together in Brussels, Strasbourg and Luxembourg to shape the EC’s response to the PRC. It is based on extensive multi-archival and multinational research, including records of the Community institutions, the French, British and German governments, personal papers, and interviews. The thesis argues that the Commission was the principal architect and motor behind the EC’s opening to China. Sir Christopher Soames, the first British vice-president and commissioner for external relations, was primarily responsible for establishing official relations. Personal beliefs and ambitions were at the root of his decision-making. Geopolitics were key. However the principal factor behind his and the Commission’s subsequent decisions was inter-institutional jockeying for power. The main implications of the opening were a furthering and deepening of European integration, and an acceleration of European détente and détente in Europe. This thesis therefore shows that the wrangle for competencies within the EC institutional system intertwined with broader trends of history, the end of the PRC’s isolation from international affairs and détente. Table of Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................... 7 Acronyms and abbreviations ........................................................ 9 Introduction .......................................................................... 13 1.1 Scope and approach ...............................................................16 1.2 Literature review ................................................................... 18 1.3 Sources .................................................................................. 39 1.4 Structure ................................................................................ 43 Chapter 2 Beginnings and a public pledge (December 1969 – December 1973) ....................... 47 2.1 Institutionalising trade ......................................................... 49 2.2 First political coordination.................................................... 56 2.3 Fresh impetus due to Britain joining .................................... 60 2.4 Growing political contacts do not parallel economic ones ........................................................................................ 69 2.5 New leverage: the Sino-Soviet competition .......................... 75 2.6 Towards a concerted foreign policy: the Declaration of European Identity ................................................................. 82 Chapter 3 Coup de théâtre (January 1974 – May 1975) .......... 92 3.1 The member states’ laissez-faire opens wider the window of opportunity .......................................................... 95 3.2 Trade prospects helped, but did not determine the outcome ................................................................................ 101 3.3 Beliefs, personal ambitions, and politics ............................ 107 Chapter 4 A difficult follow-up (May 1975 – January 1977) ................................... 121 4.1 The EP’s critical acclaim and the European Council’s support..................................................................................123 4.2 The Commission pushes ahead with trade talks ................. 131 4.3 Stagnation due to Chinese domestic turmoil ...................... 144 4.4 Attempts of more political presence: the Tindemans Report, emergency relief and messages of condolence ....... 151 4.5 Soviet alarm and the reactivation of EC-COMECON talks ...................................................................................... 159 Chapter 5 A multi-level deal (February 1977 – June 1978) ................................ 167 5.1 Swift resumption of trade talks which the Sino-Soviet rivalry spurs on .................................................................... 169 5.2 Off to Beijing for the second time: the Commission’s skills ...................................................................................... 175 5.3 The final negotiation phase: playing the Soviet card.......... 182 5.4 Signature and ratification: the many dimensions of the trade agreement .................................................................. 189 Chapter 6 Towards more substance (June 1978 – January 1980) ................................ 199 6.1 Practising diplomacy: the Commission’s and the EP’s visits to Beijing .................................................................... 201 6.2 The EC’s unilateral trade liberalisation .............................. 209 6.3 A delicate task: negotiating the textile agreement .............. 219 Conclusion A new multi-level diplomacy ............................... 232 7.1 Boosting the Community’s foreign policy activity .............. 233 7.2 European integration and the 1970s ................................... 241 7.3 European integration and the Cold War ............................. 242 Bibliography ........................................................................ 247 Appendices ........................................................................ 278 Table of Tables Table 2-1: Direction of trade of the Six for 1965 and 1971 in million US $ ............................................................................... 55 Table 2-2: Ranking of the first trading partners with the PRC in total trading volume in 1973 ...................................................... 73 Table 4-1: Distribution of EC exports to China in 1974 and 1975 ............ 139 Table 4-2: Distribution of EC imports from China in 1974 and 1975 .......................................................................................... 139 Table 4-3: Variation in trade in 1975 compared to 1974 between the EC and China for Germany, France and Britain ............... 140 Table 4-4: Direction of trade of the Nine for 1974 and 1975 in million US $ .............................................................................. 141 Table 4-5: Distribution of EC exports to China in 1975 and 1976 ............ 148 Table 4-6: Distribution of EC imports to China in 1975 and 1976 ........... 149 Table 4-7: Variation in trade in 1975 compared to 1976 between the EC and China for Germany, France and Britain ............... 149 Table 4-8: Direction of trade of the Nine for 1975 and 1976 in million US $ ............................................................................. 150 Table 6-1: Direction of trade of the Nine for 1976 to 1979 in million US $ .............................................................................. 211 Acknowledgements It would not have been possible to write this doctoral thesis without the help and support of the kind people around me, to only some of whom it is possible to give particular mention here. First and foremost I offer my sincerest gratitude to my supervisors, Dr N. Piers Ludlow and Prof. O. Arne Westad, who have supported me throughout my thesis with their knowledge and patience whilst allowing me the room to work in my own way. I attribute the level of thesis degree to their encouragement and effort, without whom this thesis, would not have been completed or written. One simply could not wish for a better supervisor team. I would like to acknowledge the financial, academic and technical support of the LSE and its staff, particularly in the award of the Departmental Research Studentships that provided the necessary financial support for this work. In this respect I also wish to thank Udo van Meeteren for his generous financial support. This dissertation would not have been possible unless archivists and librarians had helped me in locating material across Europe. A particular thanks goes to Joceline Collonval,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The New Political Economy of Trade: Understanding the Treatment of Non-Tariff Measures in European Union Trade Policy
    The London School of Economics and Political Science The New Political Economy of Trade: Understanding the Treatment of Non-Tariff Measures in European Union Trade Policy Elitsa Garnizova A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, November 2018 Page 1 of 324 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/ PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me, and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 115,854 words; 99,109 excluding Table of Contents, Bibliography and Appendices. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that Chapter 1 was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling, and grammar by Bregtje Kamphuis, and Chapters 2 and 3 were edited by Dr Marina Cino-Pagliarello. Page 2 of 324 Abstract Non-tariff measures have become a central topic to the debate of how international trade rules and domestic regulatory choices are to co-exist.
    [Show full text]
  • Leadership and Change: Prime Ministers in the Post-War World - Alec Douglas-Home Transcript
    Leadership and Change: Prime Ministers in the Post-War World - Alec Douglas-Home Transcript Date: Thursday, 24 May 2007 - 12:00AM PRIME MINISTERS IN THE POST-WAR WORLD: ALEC DOUGLAS-HOME D.R. Thorpe After Andrew Bonar Law's funeral in Westminster Abbey in November 1923, Herbert Asquith observed, 'It is fitting that we should have buried the Unknown Prime Minister by the side of the Unknown Soldier'. Asquith owed Bonar Law no posthumous favours, and intended no ironic compliment, but the remark was a serious under-estimate. In post-war politics Alec Douglas-Home is often seen as the Bonar Law of his times, bracketed with his fellow Scot as an interim figure in the history of Downing Street between longer serving Premiers; in Bonar Law's case, Lloyd George and Stanley Baldwin, in Home's, Harold Macmillan and Harold Wilson. Both Law and Home were certainly 'unexpected' Prime Ministers, but both were also 'under-estimated' and they made lasting beneficial changes to the political system, both on a national and a party level. The unexpectedness of their accessions to the top of the greasy pole, and the brevity of their Premierships (they were the two shortest of the 20th century, Bonar Law's one day short of seven months, Alec Douglas-Home's two days short of a year), are not an accurate indication of their respective significance, even if the precise details of their careers were not always accurately recalled, even by their admirers. The Westminster village is often another world to the general public. Stanley Baldwin was once accosted on a train from Chequers to London, at the height of his fame, by a former school friend.
    [Show full text]
  • Sir Alan Campbell Interviewed by Jane Barder 19/1/96 Typed by Jeremy Wiltshire 10/6/96
    Contents of interview Entry to Foreign Office, 1946. p 2 Service under Lord Killearn, Singapore; marriage, 1947-48. pp 2-4 Private Secretary to PUS William Strang, 1950-53. pp 5-6 Head of Chancery, Rome, 1952-55: Trieste problem; pp 6-8 Communist threat. Head of Chancery, Peking, 1955-57: role of Head of Chancery; pp 8-12 relations with Chinese; recognition problem; anti-British demonstrations at time of Suez; schooling of children. Imperial Defence College, 1958. pp 12-13 News Department, 1958-60; comments on Selwyn Lloyd, pp 13-17 Hoyer-Millar, Macmillan and aftermath of Suez. Counsellor and Head of Chancery, New York (UN), 1961-65; pp 17-23 death of Hammarskjold; anti-Imperialist feeling; Lord Caradon (political appointees to diplomatic posts). Comments on Alec Douglas-Home. p 23 Western European Department at FO, 1965-67. pp 23-24 Counsellor and Head of Chancery, Paris, 1967-69; appointment pp 24-25 to post; EEC. Ambassador to Addis Ababa, 1969-72; Haile Selassie; Idi Amin; pp 25-28 growth of sedition in Ethiopia. Deputy Under-Secretary, FO, 1974-76; effective “Political pp 28-32 Director”; foreign policy talks with other EEC members; commercial competition with EEC states; co-ordination of EEC foreign policy. Concluding comments on: international civil servants; women pp 32-35 in diplomatic service; merger of CRO and FO; spending cuts in late 1970’s; David Owen as Foreign Secretary. 1 Sir Alan Campbell Interviewed by Jane Barder 19/1/96 Typed by Jeremy Wiltshire 10/6/96 An interview between Sir Alan Campbell and Jane Barder, at his flat in London.
    [Show full text]
  • Download This Publication
    ASEF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY HANDBOOK HOW TO WIN HEARTS AND MINDS Published by: Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF) 31 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119595 Editors: Ms Rebecca STETTER Ms Sunkyoung LEE Contributing Editor: Mr Richard WERLY © Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF) 2016 The electronic version of the ASEF Public Diplomacy Handbook, “How to Win Hearts and Minds” shall be licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial- NoDeriviatives 4.0 International License. This means that non-commercial use of text or parts of texts for educational purposes is allowed; however, one must attribute the work both to the individual authors and to the publisher, including ASEF’s URL (www. asef.org). More information about this license can be found at http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. The views expressed in this volume are the sole responsibility of the authors and can under no circumstances be attributed as the views of the Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM), ASEF, or the editors of this handbook. This publication has been produced with the financial assistance of the European Union. The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of the speakers and can under no circumstances be regarded as reflecting the position of the European Union. This project is co-funded by the European Union. ASEF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY HANDBOOK HOW TO win hearts and minds ASEF Public Diplomacy Handbook Asia-Europe Foundation (ASEF) ASEF promotes understanding, strengthens relationships and facilitates cooperation among the people, institutions and organisations of Asia and Europe. ASEF enhances dialogue, enables exchanges and encourages collaboration across the thematic areas of culture, economy, education, governance, public health and sustainable development.
    [Show full text]
  • King's College, Cambridge
    King’s College, Cambridge Annual Report 2014 Annual Report 2014 Contents The Provost 2 The Fellowship 5 Major Promotions, Appointments or Awards 18 Undergraduates at King’s 21 Graduates at King’s 26 Tutorial 36 Research 47 Library and Archives 51 Chapel 54 Choir 57 Bursary 62 Staff 65 Development 67 Appointments & Honours 72 Obituaries 77 Information for Non Resident Members 251 While this incremental work can be accomplished within the College’s The Provost maintenance budget, more major but highly desirable projects, like the refurbishment of the Gibbs staircases and the roof and services in Bodley’s will have to rely on support apart from that provided by the endowment. 2 I write this at the end of my first year at The new Tutorial team under Perveez Mody and Rosanna Omitowoju has 3 THE PROVOST King’s. I have now done everything once begun its work. There are now five personal Tutors as well as specialist and am about to attend Alumni Weekend Tutors, essentially reviving a system that was in place until a few years ago. reunion dinners for the second time. It has It is hoped that the new system will reduce the pastoral pressure on the been a most exciting learning experience THE PROVOST Directors of Studies, and provide more effective support for students. getting to know the College. While I have not had much time for my own research I In the Chapel we have said farewell to our Dean, Jeremy Morris. Jeremy have had the opportunity to learn about came to the College from Trinity Hall in 2010, and after only too short a others’ interests, and have been impressed time returns to his former College as its Master.
    [Show full text]
  • Parliamentary Private Secretaries to Prime Ministers Since 1906 Prime Minister Parliamentary Private Secretary Notes
    BRIEFING PAPER Number 06579, 11 March 2020 Parliamentary Private Compiled by Secretaries to Prime Sarah Priddy Ministers since 1906 This List notes Parliamentary Private Secretaries to successive Prime Ministers since 1906. Alex Burghart was appointed PPS to Boris Johnson in July 2019 and Trudy Harrison appointed PPS in January 2020. Parliamentary Private Secretaries (PPSs) are not members of the Government although they do have responsibilities and restrictions as defined by the Ministerial Code available on the Cabinet Office website. A list of PPSs to Cabinet Ministers as at June 2019 is published on the Government’s transparency webpages. It is usual for the Leader of the Opposition to have a PPS; Tan Dhesi was appointed as Jeremy Corbyn’s PPS in January 2020. Further information The Commons Library briefing on Parliamentary Private Secretaries provides a history of the development of the position of Parliamentary Private Secretary in general and looks at the role and functions of the post and the limitations placed upon its holders. The Institute for Government’s explainer: parliamentary private secretaries (Nov 2019) considers the numbers of PPSs over time. www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary Parliamentary Private Secretaries to Prime Ministers since 1906 Prime Minister Parliamentary Private Secretary Notes Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (1905-08) Herbert Carr-Gomm 1906-08 Assistant Private Secretary Herbert Asquith (1908-16) 1908-09 Vice-Chamberlain of
    [Show full text]
  • Gre Sham College
    GRE SHAM COLLEGE PREMIERSHIP ‘CO~TRY VAL~S’ : ALEC DOUGLAS-HO~, 1963-64 by PROFESSOR PETER HE~SSY BA PhD Gresham Professor of Rhetoric 19 November 1996 ,. > Gresham College was established in 1597 under the Will of the Elizabethan financier Sir Thomas Gresham, who nominated the Corporation of the City of London and the Worshipful Company of Mercers to be his Trustees. They manage the Estate through the Joint Grand Gresham Committee. The College has been maintained in various forms since the foundation. The one continuing activity (excepting the period 1939-45) has been the annual appointment of seven distinguished academics “sufficiently learned to reade the lectures of divyntye, astronomy, musicke, and geometry” (appointed by the Corporation), “meete to reade the lectures of lawe, phissicke, and rethoricke”, (appointed by the Mercers’ Company). From the 16th century the Gresham Professors have given free public lectures in the City. A Mercers’ School Memorial Chair of Commerce has been added to the seven ‘ancient’ Chairs. The College was formally reconstituted as an independent foundation in 1984. The Governing Body, with nominations from the City Corporation, the Mercers’ Company, the Gresham Professors and the City University, reports to the Joint Grand Gresham Committee. Its objectives are to sponsor imovative research and to supplement and complement existing facilities in higher education. It does not award degrees and diplomas, rather it is an active collaborator with institutions of higher education, learned societies and professional bodies. Gresham College, Barnard’s Inn Hall, Ho[born, London EC IN 2HH Tel no. 01718310575 Fax no. ,017183 I 5208 For me it was Alec Home’s fellow Etonian and great rival for the premiership in 1963, Quintin Hogg, who best captured the man in a book he wrote just after the war when, given their then inevitable ultimate destinations in the House of Lords, neither could have imagined they would be contenders for the ultimate prize in British politics.
    [Show full text]
  • State Funeral Planned for Winston Churchill Events P a Rliament in State Meets with Empty Seat
    ATcrage Daily Net Preaa Ruh For the Week Ended December 19, 1964 14,151 Member of the Andtt BnreMi of Circulation Manche»ter— A City of Village Charm VOL. LXXXIV, NO. 97 (EIGHTEEN PAGES) MANCHESTER, CONN., MONDAY, JANUARY 25, 1965 ,* (Olaaoifled Advert^^SJL ***> P cfe 16) State Funeral Planned For Winston Churchill Events P a rliament In State Meets with Empty Seat N.H. Trustees LONDON (AP)—Parlia­ Delay Comment ment met today — leaving Sir Winston Churchill’s old HARTf^ORD (AP) - seat empty—and approved Trustees of the New Haven ' Queen Elizabeth’s reque.st Railroad had no immediate that the nation give the comment today on criti­ I beloved elder statesman all cisms made that their ac­ the magnificence of a state tions were “totally unmind­ funeral he planned for him­ ful of the public interest.*" self. The empty green leather seat The critici.sin. linked .specilic- which Sir Winston occupied in ally to the tru.stee.s' announced the last session of Parhament plan to rut commuter .service was the only vacant place in the and eventually abandon all pa.s- packed Hou.se of Cjmmon.s. senger service, wa.s made in the Prime Minister Harold Wilson Connec' cut Trp'is-rirt''tio': st(XKi on the spot w here Church­ thority's annual report to Gov. ill stood (or .so many y e a rs sis John Dempsey. I prime m in iste r and said : The report was written before 1 "As Parliament succeeded Dempsey and New York Gov. Parliament he .stood at this boot Nelson Rockefeller announced at one time or another, holding their $20 million plan to .save almost every one of the great the railroad’s commuter serv­ offices of .state.” ice.
    [Show full text]
  • 40 Years of EU Membership
    Journal of Contemporary European Research Volume 8, Issue 4 (2012) The UK: 40 Years of EU Membership Helen Wallace London School of Economics and Political Science This chronology was commissioned by the European Parliament Information Office in the United Kingdom and has been published here with their kind permission and that of the author. Professor Helen Wallace DBE, FBA is an Emeritus Professor in the European Institute at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Citation Wallace, H. (2012). ‘The UK: 40 Years of EU Membership’, Journal of Contemporary European Research. 8 (4), pp. 531‐546. Published in: www.jcer.net Volume 8, Issue 4 (2012) jcer.net Helen Wallace KEY DATES A chronology of significant events in British history, including the years leading up to accession on 1 January 1973. 19 Sep 1948 Winston Churchill: Zurich speech calling for a United States of Europe 7 May 1948 The Hague Conference, leading to Council of Europe, 140 British among the 800 participants 1950-1 Schuman Plan leading to European Coal and Steel Community: UK rejected invitation to join 1955 Messina Conference of the Six (Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and The Netherlands) agrees to develop a common market and atomic cooperation via the Spaak Committee, which Russell Bretherton joined until withdrawn by UK government 1957-8 UK seeks to negotiate wider free trade area through the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, but negotiations fail Jan 1960 Founding of EFTA (UK along with Denmark, Iceland, Ireland, Norway,
    [Show full text]
  • Learning from History? the 1975 Referendum on Europe Transcript
    Learning from History? The 1975 Referendum on Europe Transcript Date: Monday, 23 May 2016 - 6:00PM Location: Museum of London 23 May 2016 Learning from History? The 1975 Referendum on Europe Professor Vernon Bogdanor Ladies and gentlemen, this is a lecture on the previous referendum that we had on Europe, in 1975, held not by a Conservative Government but by a Labour Government, and I think it does show that Europe has been a very divisive issue for many years – it is not just on the present time. Perhaps the most prescient comment made about Europe was made by Ernest Bevin, the Foreign Secretary in the Labour Government after the War, when Britain was asked to join the European Coal & Steel Community, which was the precursor of the European Union, and Bevin said no. He said, “Once you open that Pandora’s Box, all sorts of Trojan horses will fly out.” We joined the European Community, as a precursor of the European Union, in 1973, after two failed applications, but we wanted, in a way, to be in Europe but not perhaps quite of it. All Prime Ministers I think have tried to straddle the benefits of membership with the Eurosceptic feelings of the British public. The question now of course is whether one can still keep those two horses, to change a metaphor, whether you can still straddle those two horses. But Europe has been the poisoned chalice for so many post-War Prime Ministers: Harold Macmillan, whose Government was ruined by De Gaulle’s first veto; Edward Heath, who lost narrowly in 1974, partly because of the European issue; Margaret Thatcher fell from power because of the European issue; John Major’s Government was ruined by the squabble over Maastricht, another European issue; and Europe of course helped split the Labour Party in the 1980s.
    [Show full text]
  • Fonds Inventory
    UWK/NS Uwe Kitzinger and EUROPEAN INSTITUTEUNIVERSITY Noël Salter HISTORICAL ARCHIVES of the EUROPEAN UNION EUROPEAN the of ARCHIVES HISTORICAL Fonds DEP Firenze March 2012 Uwe Kitzinger and Noël Salter Fonds Table of contents UWK-NS Uwe Kitzinger and Noël Salter Fonds _______________________________5 UWK-NS.A Uwe Kitzinger ____________________________________________8 UWK-NS.A-1 Europe, Britain and the Common Market __________________________ 8 UWK-NS.A-1.1 British Entry to EEC _________________________________________ 8 UWK-NS.A-1.2 Re-negotiation of Accession Treaty ____________________________ 14 UWK-NS.A-1.3 Enlargement _____________________________________________ 16 UWK-NS.A-1.4 Working Papers ___________________________________________ 16 UWK-NS.A-1.5 General _________________________________________________ 18 UWK-NS.A-2 Cabinet of Sir Christopher Soames ______________________________ 19 UWK-NS.A-2.1 Office of Sir Christopher Soames _____________________________ 20 UWK-NS.A-2.2 Speeches ________________________________________________ 23 UWK-NS.A-2.3 Advisor in the Soames' Cabinet _______________________________ 25 UWK-NS.A-2.4 Visits ___________________________________________________ 26 UWK-NS.A-2.5 International Organisations and Associations ____________________ 27 UWK-NS.A-3 Media, Books and Publishing ___________________________________ 28 UWK-NS.A-3.1 Germany ________________________________________________ 28 UWK-NS.A-3.2 Common Market __________________________________________ 31 UWK-NS.A-3.3 Journal of Common Market
    [Show full text]
  • Metaphors in the Educational Narratives Since 1945 with Particular Reference to the Conservative Party
    Metaphors in the Educational Narratives since 1945 with particular reference to the Conservative Party being a thesis submitted by John J. McAllister for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Glasgow Department of Education: Faculty of Arts University of Glasgow June 1999 ProQuest Number: 13815571 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 13815571 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 GLASGOW UNIVERSITY LIBRARY ( Summary: 1 Summary Metaphors in the Educational Narratives since 1945 with particular reference to the Conservative Party This study seeks to provide both a methodology and an application of that methodology in its account, partly historical, partly philosophical, of the metaphors in the educational narratives since 1945. It considers, in particular, selected texts of the Conservative Party and focusses on the paradigm shifts in the educational narratives in 1945 and again in 1979. The study deconstructs these narratives, teasing out their constitutive metaphors: their characteristic representations of educational identities, realities and relationships. The ideological subtexts of these representations are described, as is the process by which they came to represent the ‘common sense’ of education as the metaphors which constituted them became literalised.
    [Show full text]