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30Years 1953-1983
30Years 1953-1983 Group of the European People's Party (Christian -Demoeratie Group) 30Years 1953-1983 Group of the European People's Party (Christian -Demoeratie Group) Foreword . 3 Constitution declaration of the Christian-Democratic Group (1953 and 1958) . 4 The beginnings ............ ·~:.................................................. 9 From the Common Assembly to the European Parliament ........................... 12 The Community takes shape; consolidation within, recognition without . 15 A new impetus: consolidation, expansion, political cooperation ........................................................... 19 On the road to European Union .................................................. 23 On the threshold of direct elections and of a second enlargement .................................................... 26 The elected Parliament - Symbol of the sovereignty of the European people .......... 31 List of members of the Christian-Democratic Group ................................ 49 2 Foreword On 23 June 1953 the Christian-Democratic Political Group officially came into being within the then Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community. The Christian Democrats in the original six Community countries thus expressed their conscious and firm resolve to rise above a blinkered vision of egoistically determined national interests and forge a common, supranational consciousness in the service of all our peoples. From that moment our Group, whose tMrtieth anniversary we are now celebrating together with thirty years of political -
Die Gestaltung Der Europäischen Union: Das Europäische Parlament Und Die Institutionelle Reform 1979-1989
Die Gestaltung der Union: Das Europäischen Parlament und die institutionelleEuropäische Reform 1979-1989 Geschichtsreihe des Europäischen Parlaments STUDIE EPRS | Wissenschaftlicher Dienst des Europäischen Parlaments Wolfram Kaiser PE 630.271 – November 2018 DE Die Gestaltung der Europäischen Union: Das Europäische Parlament und die institutionelle Reform 1979-1989 Wolfram Kaiser Auf der Grundlage zahlreicher seit kurzem zugänglicher Archivquellen werden in dieser Studie die politischen Maßnahmen untersucht, die das Europäische Parlament im Hinblick auf die institutionelle Reform der Europäischen Gemeinschaften von 1979 bis 1989 ergriff. Sie demonstriert, wie das Parlament bei der Konstitutionalisierung der heutigen Europäischen Union wichtige Funktionen erfüllte. Diese Funktionen beinhalteten die Festlegung verschiedener Kriterien für wirksame und demokratische Staatsführung, die Ausarbeitung von Rechtsbegriffen wie der Subsidiarität und sie drängten die Mitgliedstaaten, einer stärkeren institutionellen Vertiefung zuzustimmen, sowie dem Parlament im Rahmen der Einheitlichen Europäischen Akte und des Maastricht- Vertrages mehr Befugnisse einzuräumen. EPRS | Wissenschaftlicher Dienst des Europäischen Parlaments AUTOR Diese Studie wurde von Professor Dr. Wolfram Kaiser von der Universität von Portsmouth, Vereinigtes Königreich, auf Wunsch der Dienststelle „Historisches Archiv“ des Direktorats Bibliothek der Generaldirektion Parlamentarischer Forschungsdienst (EPRS) des Generalsekretariats des Europäischen Parlaments verfasst. DANKSAGUNGEN -
Ligne Du Temps
CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL CONTEXTE INTERNATIONAL En France, pour la Pour la première Début de la crise des Second choc pétrolier, suite Crise monétaire aux USA Ronald Reagan au pouvoir Crise de la dette des pays en En France, « tournant de Catastrophe de Bhopal, Signature des accords de Catastrophe nucléaire de Krach des marchés L’ONU crée le Groupe « Chute du mur » de Berlin. Margaret Thatcher quitte Éclatement de l’URSS. Troisième Sommet de la Appartition d’internet première fois, un candidat fois, un climatologue Euromissiles entre l’URSS et notamment au début de suite au choc pétrolier. aux USA jusque 1989. voie de développement. la rigueur » dans la politique suite à l’explosion d’une Schengen. Tchernobyl. financiers ou « lundi noir ». intergouvernemental Fin de la guerre froide. le pouvoir au Royaume Uni, Indépendance Slovénie, Terre, à Rio. Adoption d’une et des premiers GSM. de l’écologie politique (René utilise l’expression l’Europe. la révolution iranienne. Début de la guerre Iran- François Mitterrand arrive Première « directive du président socialiste. usine produisant des Début de la perestroïka. Déréglementation des Le rapport Brundtland sur l’évolution du climat Création du Fonds mais le « thatchérisme » Croatie et Bosnie (1992), Convention sur la diversité Dumont) se présente aux de « réchauffement Irak qui durera jusque 1988. au pouvoir en France. Seveso », imposant aux pesticides. opérations boursières à de la Commission (GIEC), chargé d’étudier européen de développement reste bel et bien vivant. -
Her Majesty's Government
• tl HER MAJESTY'S GOVERNMENT MEMBERS OF THE CABINET (FORMED BY RIGHT HON. MARGARET THATCHER, 24:P, SEPTEMBER 1981) E— CRETARY OF STATE FOR THE HOME DEPARTMENT—TheRt. HOD. William Whitelaw, CH, MC, Ise .1441u) CHANCELLOR—The Rt. Hon. The Lord Hailsham of Saint Marylebone, CH OCRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN AND CommoNwEALTH AFFAnts—The Rt. Hon. The Lord Carrington, KCMG, MC OANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER—The Rt. Hon. Sir Geoffrey Howe, QC, MP tiekRETARY OF STATE FOR EDUCATION AND SCIENCE—The Rt. Hon. Sir Keith Joseph, Bt, MP yitORD PRESIDENT OF THE COUNCIL AND LEADER OF THE HOUSE OFCommoNs—The Rt. HOD. Francis Pym, MC, MP RETARY OF STATE FOR NORTHERN IRELAND—TheRt. HOD. James PriOr, MP rECRETARY OF STATE FOR DEFENCE—The Rt. HOD. John Nott, MP ',MINISTER OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES ANDFooD—The Rt. Hon. Peter Walker, MBE, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT—The Rt. Hon. Michael Heseltine, MP SECRETARY OF STATE FOR ScoTLAND—The Rt. Hon. George Younger, T.D. MP PCRETARY OF STATE FOR WALEs—The Rt. Hon. Nicholas Edwards, MP PRIVY SEAL—The Rt. Hon. Humphrey Atkins, MP ,ORDCRETARY OF STATE FOR INDUSTRY—The Rt. Hon. Patrick Jenkin, MP tolIrRETARY OF STATE FOR SOCIAL SERVICES—The Rt. Hon. Norman Fowler, MP oncRETARY OF STATE FOR TRADE—The Rt. Hon. John Biffen, IvfP logkRETARY OF STATE FOR ENERGY—The Rt. HOD. Nigel Lawson, MP pitCRETARY OF STATE FOR TRANSPORT—The Rt. Hon. David Howell, MP "oef-DEF SECRETARY TO THE TREASURY—TheRt. Hon. Leon Brittan, QC, MP priANCELLOR OF THE DUCHY OF LANCASTER, AND LEADER OF THE HOUSE OF LoRDs—The Rt. -
'The Left's Views on Israel: from the Establishment of the Jewish State To
‘The Left’s Views on Israel: From the establishment of the Jewish state to the intifada’ Thesis submitted by June Edmunds for PhD examination at the London School of Economics and Political Science 1 UMI Number: U615796 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U615796 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 F 7377 POLITI 58^S8i ABSTRACT The British left has confronted a dilemma in forming its attitude towards Israel in the postwar period. The establishment of the Jewish state seemed to force people on the left to choose between competing nationalisms - Israeli, Arab and later, Palestinian. Over time, a number of key developments sharpened the dilemma. My central focus is the evolution of thinking about Israel and the Middle East in the British Labour Party. I examine four critical periods: the creation of Israel in 1948; the Suez war in 1956; the Arab-Israeli war of 1967 and the 1980s, covering mainly the Israeli invasion of Lebanon but also the intifada. In each case, entrenched attitudes were called into question and longer-term shifts were triggered in the aftermath. -
The New Political Economy of Trade: Understanding the Treatment of Non-Tariff Measures in European Union Trade Policy
The London School of Economics and Political Science The New Political Economy of Trade: Understanding the Treatment of Non-Tariff Measures in European Union Trade Policy Elitsa Garnizova A thesis submitted to the Department of International Relations of the London School of Economics for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, London, November 2018 Page 1 of 324 Declaration I certify that the thesis I have presented for examination for the MPhil/ PhD degree of the London School of Economics and Political Science is solely my own work other than where I have clearly indicated that it is the work of others (in which case the extent of any work carried out jointly by me, and any other person is clearly identified in it). The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. Quotation from it is permitted, provided that full acknowledgement is made. This thesis may not be reproduced without my prior written consent. I warrant that this authorisation does not, to the best of my belief, infringe the rights of any third party. I declare that my thesis consists of 115,854 words; 99,109 excluding Table of Contents, Bibliography and Appendices. Statement of use of third party for editorial help I can confirm that Chapter 1 was copy edited for conventions of language, spelling, and grammar by Bregtje Kamphuis, and Chapters 2 and 3 were edited by Dr Marina Cino-Pagliarello. Page 2 of 324 Abstract Non-tariff measures have become a central topic to the debate of how international trade rules and domestic regulatory choices are to co-exist. -
A Companion to Nineteenth- Century Britain
A COMPANION TO NINETEENTH- CENTURY BRITAIN Edited by Chris Williams A Companion to Nineteenth-Century Britain A COMPANION TO NINETEENTH- CENTURY BRITAIN Edited by Chris Williams © 2004 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148-5020, USA 108, Cowley Road, Oxford OX4 1JF, UK 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Melbourne, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of Chris Williams to be identified as the Author of the Editorial Material in this Work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2004 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A companion to nineteenth-century Britain / edited by Chris Williams. p. cm. – (Blackwell companions to British history) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-631-22579-X (alk. paper) 1. Great Britain – History – 19th century – Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Great Britain – Civilization – 19th century – Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Williams, Chris, 1963– II. Title. III. Series. DA530.C76 2004 941.081 – dc22 2003021511 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library. Set in 10 on 12 pt Galliard by SNP Best-set Typesetter Ltd., Hong Kong Printed and bound in the United Kingdom by TJ International For further information on Blackwell Publishing, visit our website: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com BLACKWELL COMPANIONS TO BRITISH HISTORY Published in association with The Historical Association This series provides sophisticated and authoritative overviews of the scholarship that has shaped our current understanding of British history. -
The Case of Canadian and Indian Bilateral Trade
Études canadiennes / Canadian Studies Revue interdisciplinaire des études canadiennes en France 75 | 2013 Canada and the Commonwealth Enhancing Trade Relations between Commonwealth Members: the Case of Canadian and Indian bilateral trade Claire Heuillard Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/eccs/273 DOI: 10.4000/eccs.273 ISSN: 2429-4667 Publisher Association française des études canadiennes (AFEC) Printed version Date of publication: 1 December 2013 Number of pages: 81-95 ISSN: 0153-1700 Electronic reference Claire Heuillard, « Enhancing Trade Relations between Commonwealth Members: the Case of Canadian and Indian bilateral trade », Études canadiennes / Canadian Studies [Online], 75 | 2013, Online since 01 December 2015, connection on 02 May 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/eccs/273 ; DOI : 10.4000/eccs.273 AFEC ENHANCING TRADE RELATIONS BETWEEN COMMONWEALTH MEMBERS: THE CASE OF CANADIAN AND INDIAN BILATERAL TRADE Claire HEUILLARD Université de Paris 2, Panthéon-Assas Cet article étudie le faible niveau du commerce bilatéral entre le Canada et l’Inde au cours de la seconde moitié du XXème siècle, et analyse la dynamique des relations actuelles. Tandis que le choix de non-alignement de la part de l’Inde engendra des tensions géopolitiques complexes à l’origine de barrières entre ces deux pays durant la Guerre Froide, l’intensification de la mondialisation au XXIème siècle les a conduits à envisager de nouveaux partenariats stratégiques. Cet article met l’accent sur la nécessité d’améliorer la compréhension mutuelle, afin d’éviter de compromettre les efforts considérables qui ont été faits ces dix dernières années pour développer le commerce bilatéral. This article examines the surprisingly low levels of bilateral trade between Canada and India throughout the late 20th century and explores the dynamics of present-day relations. -
Leadership and Change: Prime Ministers in the Post-War World - Alec Douglas-Home Transcript
Leadership and Change: Prime Ministers in the Post-War World - Alec Douglas-Home Transcript Date: Thursday, 24 May 2007 - 12:00AM PRIME MINISTERS IN THE POST-WAR WORLD: ALEC DOUGLAS-HOME D.R. Thorpe After Andrew Bonar Law's funeral in Westminster Abbey in November 1923, Herbert Asquith observed, 'It is fitting that we should have buried the Unknown Prime Minister by the side of the Unknown Soldier'. Asquith owed Bonar Law no posthumous favours, and intended no ironic compliment, but the remark was a serious under-estimate. In post-war politics Alec Douglas-Home is often seen as the Bonar Law of his times, bracketed with his fellow Scot as an interim figure in the history of Downing Street between longer serving Premiers; in Bonar Law's case, Lloyd George and Stanley Baldwin, in Home's, Harold Macmillan and Harold Wilson. Both Law and Home were certainly 'unexpected' Prime Ministers, but both were also 'under-estimated' and they made lasting beneficial changes to the political system, both on a national and a party level. The unexpectedness of their accessions to the top of the greasy pole, and the brevity of their Premierships (they were the two shortest of the 20th century, Bonar Law's one day short of seven months, Alec Douglas-Home's two days short of a year), are not an accurate indication of their respective significance, even if the precise details of their careers were not always accurately recalled, even by their admirers. The Westminster village is often another world to the general public. Stanley Baldwin was once accosted on a train from Chequers to London, at the height of his fame, by a former school friend. -
The Brexit Vote: a Divided Nation, a Divided Continent
Sara Hobolt The Brexit vote: a divided nation, a divided continent Article (Accepted version) (Refereed) Original citation: Hobolt, Sara (2016) The Brexit vote: a divided nation, a divided continent. Journal of European Public Policy, 23 (9). pp. 1259-1277. ISSN 1466-4429 DOI: 10.1080/13501763.2016.1225785 © 2016 Routledge This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/67546/ Available in LSE Research Online: November 2016 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. This document is the author’s final accepted version of the journal article. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. The Brexit Vote: A Divided Nation, a Divided Continent Sara B. Hobolt London School of Economics and Political Science, UK ABSTRACT The outcome of the British referendum on EU membership sent shockwaves through Europe. While Britain is an outlier when it comes to the strength of Euroscepticism, the anti- immigration and anti-establishment sentiments that produced the referendum outcome are gaining strength across Europe. -
Directions for Britain Outside the Eu Ralph Buckle • Tim Hewish • John C
BREXIT DIRECTIONS FOR BRITAIN OUTSIDE THE EU RALPH BUCKLE • TIM HEWISH • JOHN C. HULSMAN IAIN MANSFIELD • ROBERT OULDS BREXIT: Directions for Britain Outside the EU BREXIT: DIRECTIONS FOR BRITAIN OUTSIDE THE EU RALPH BUCKLE TIM HEWISH JOHN C. HULSMAN IAIN MANSFIELD ROBERT OULDS First published in Great Britain in 2015 by The Institute of Economic Affairs 2 Lord North Street Westminster London SW1P 3LB in association with London Publishing Partnership Ltd www.londonpublishingpartnership.co.uk The mission of the Institute of Economic Affairs is to improve understanding of the fundamental institutions of a free society by analysing and expounding the role of markets in solving economic and social problems. Copyright © The Institute of Economic Affairs 2015 The moral right of the author has been asserted. All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photo- copying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the publisher of this book. A CIP catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-0-255-36682-3 (interactive PDF) Many IEA publications are translated into languages other than English or are reprinted. Permission to translate or to reprint should be sought from the Director General at the address above. Typeset in Kepler by T&T Productions Ltd www.tandtproductions.com -
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ANTI-APARTHEID ANTI-APARTHEID MOVEMENT annual report Of activities and developments october 1979 september 1980 - 7- ' -- - - " -,-I ANTI-APARTHEID MOVEMENT Annual Report 1979 October 1979 - September 1980 Hon President Bishop Ambrose Reeves Vice Presidents Bishop Trevor Huddleston CR Jack Jones CH Joan Lestor MP Rt Hon Jeremy Thorpe MP Sponsors Lord Brockway Basil Davidson Thomas Hodgkin Rt Hon David Steel MP Pauline Webb Chairman Bob Hughes MP Joint Vice Chairmen Ethel de Keyser Simon Hebditch Joint Hon Treasurers Tony O'Dowd Rod Pritchard Hon Secretary Abdul S Minty Staff Chris Child Cate Clark Sue Longbottom Charlotte Sayer (to February/March 1980) David Smith Mike Terry Editor, Anti-Apartheid News Christable Gurney (to January 1980) Pat Wheeler (January-March 1980) Typesetting, design, etc Nancy White CONTENTS Introduction Zimbabwe Southern Africa after Zimbabwe Namibia South Africa Campaigns: Southern Africa-The Imprisoned Society Military and nuclear collaboration Economic collaboration Sports boycott Cultural and academic boycott Material aid International work Areas of work: Local groups Trade unions Youth and students Schools Parliament Women Black community Political parties Health Information: Anti-Apartheid News Publications Services The Media Finance and fund-raising Organisation BISHOP AMBROSE REEVES In December 1979, Bishop Ambrose Reeves, President of the Anti-Apartheid Movement, celebrated his eightieth birthday. To mark the occasion, the AAM organised a special meeting in London, which heard speeches and messages from distinguished leaders around the world, including tributes from the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Secretary-General of the United Nations and the President of the African National Congress, Oliver Tambo. Bishop Reeves' contribution, said Mr Tambo, had been such that it made him one of the 'great giants' of the struggle for freedom in Southern Africa.