Life History Account for Guadalupe Fur-Seal
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1995-2006 Activities Report
WILDLIFE WITHOUT BORDERS WILDLIFE WITHOUT BORDERS WITHOUT WILDLIFE M E X I C O The most wonderful mystery of life may well be EDITORIAL DIRECTION Office of International Affairs U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service the means by which it created so much diversity www.fws.gov PRODUCTION from so little physical matter. The biosphere, all Agrupación Sierra Madre, S.C. www.sierramadre.com.mx EDITORIAL REVISION organisms combined, makes up only about one Carole Bullard PHOTOGRAPHS All by Patricio Robles Gil part in ten billion [email protected] Excepting: Fabricio Feduchi, p. 13 of the earth’s mass. [email protected] Patricia Rojo, pp. 22-23 [email protected] Fulvio Eccardi, p. 39 It is sparsely distributed through MEXICO [email protected] Jaime Rojo, pp. 44-45 [email protected] a kilometre-thick layer of soil, Antonio Ramírez, Cover (Bat) On p. 1, Tamul waterfall. San Luis Potosí On p. 2, Lacandon rainforest water, and air stretched over On p. 128, Fisherman. Centla wetlands, Tabasco All rights reserved © 2007, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service a half billion square kilometres of surface. The rights of the photographs belongs to each photographer PRINTED IN Impresora Transcontinental de México EDWARD O. WILSON 1992 Photo: NASA U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE DIVISION OF INTERNATIONAL CONSERVATION WILDLIFE WITHOUT BORDERS MEXICO ACTIVITIES REPORT 1995-2006 U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE At their roots, all things hold hands. & When a tree falls down in the forest, SECRETARÍA DE MEDIO AMBIENTE Y RECURSOS NATURALES MEXICO a star falls down from the sky. CHAN K’IN LACANDON ELDER LACANDON RAINFOREST CHIAPAS, MEXICO FOREWORD onservation of biological diversity has truly arrived significant contributions in time, dedication, and C as a global priority. -
THE PINNIPEDS of the CALIFORNIA CURRENT California
ANTONELIS AND FISCUS: PINNIPEDS OF THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT CalCOFI Rep., Vol. XXI, 1980 THE PINNIPEDS OF THE CALIFORNIA CURRENT GEORGE A. ANTONELIS. JR. AND CLIFFORD H. FISCUS Marine Mammal Division Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center National Marine Fisheries Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 7600 Sand Point Way, N.E. Seattle, WA 981 15 ABSTRACT 10s pequenos peces en 10s cardumenes y peces ana- There are six species of pinnipeds-California sea dromos. Los dos focidos, otra vez con ciertas excep- lion, Zalophus californianus; northern sea lion, Eume- ciones, predan especies diferentes. Aparentemente, el topias jubatus; northern fur seal, Callorhinus ursinus; elefante marino se alimenta en aguas mas profundas que Guadalupe fur seal, Arctocephalus townsendi; harbor la foca peluda, alimentindose de especies demersales seal, Phoca uitulina richardsi; and northern elephant y benticas, y la foca peluda se alimenta de especiesdemer- seal, Mirounga angustirostris-that inhabit the study sales costeras y neriticas, entrando ocasionalmente en rios area of the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries y aguas estuarinas haciendopresa de 10s peces anadromos Investigations (CalCOFI). y otros pequeiios peces que entran regularmente en estas The numbers of animals in each population are given; aguas. the size, distribution, and seasonal movements are de- scribed. The known prey species of the pinnipeds are INTRODUCTION listed for each species. The otariids, with certain excep- The California Current, its components, and the Cali- tions, consume the same kinds of prey, although in slight- fornia Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations ly different amounts. In general they feed most commonly (CalCOFI) station plan have been described many times on the smaller schooling fishes and squids of the epi- in the past and are well known (Kramer et al. -
Seals and Sea Lions of California Marin and Sonoma Images By
Seals and Sea Lions of California Marin and Sonoma Images by Jamie Hall and Suki Waters Six Species Represent two of the three families of pinnipeds (Latin fin or feather, foot) Eared seals True seals Walrus 50,000 years ago Six species out of the total of 34 Three of the species vanished since 1900 and then reappeared Eared Seals-- Otariids Fur seals Sea lions Walk on land Large foreflipper Small external ears True Seals -- Phocids Hump along on land Hindflippers wave in water Ear holes True Seals Ear holes are hard to see, especially on harbor seals Eared Seal Family Fur Seals Fur Seals Two species in California Now relatively rare Were once common in California Became extirpated Populations growing after decades of absence Guadalupe Fur Seal Bull and Female Guadualupe Guadalupe Fur Seal Pup Guadalupe Fur Seal Male Female – 6 to 8 ft – 4 to 5 ft – 375 pounds – 110 pounds – 13 Years – 23 Years Newborn 2 ft 9 lb Guadalupe Notes Now possible to find a Guadalupe ashore Look for that very pointed nose Juveniles may be hard to tell from California sea lions 3 rescued patients at MMC in January IUCN Near Threatened Northern Fur Seal Northern Fur Seal Family Northern Fur Seal Pup Northern Fur Seal Males Females – 5 to 7 ft – 4.5 to 5 ft – 400 to 600 lb – 90 to 110 lb – 18 to 20 years – 18 to 20 years Newborn – 2 ft – 60 lb Northern Fur Seals Return To Central/Northern California Farallon fur seals lost by 1840 Were seen at sea Then first birth in 1996 on the Farallones In 2011, at least 180 pups born Common Pinnipeds -
WILDLIFE in a CHANGING WORLD an Analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™
WILDLIFE IN A CHANGING WORLD An analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ Edited by Jean-Christophe Vié, Craig Hilton-Taylor and Simon N. Stuart coberta.indd 1 07/07/2009 9:02:47 WILDLIFE IN A CHANGING WORLD An analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ first_pages.indd I 13/07/2009 11:27:01 first_pages.indd II 13/07/2009 11:27:07 WILDLIFE IN A CHANGING WORLD An analysis of the 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ Edited by Jean-Christophe Vié, Craig Hilton-Taylor and Simon N. Stuart first_pages.indd III 13/07/2009 11:27:07 The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily refl ect those of IUCN. This publication has been made possible in part by funding from the French Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland Red List logo: © 2008 Copyright: © 2009 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: Vié, J.-C., Hilton-Taylor, C. -
The Status of Protection Programs for Endangered, Threatened, and Depleted Marine Mammals in U.S
The Status of Protection Programs for Endangered, Threatened, and Depleted Marine Mammals in U.S. Waters Michael L. Weber David W. Laist 2007 One of a series of reports prepared in response to a directive from Congress to the Marine Mammal Commission to examine the biological viability and cost–effectiveness of protection programs for the most endangered marine mammals in U.S. waters CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE OF STUDY.........................................1 II. MAJOR FEDERAL STATUTORY PROTECTION MEASURES ...........3 The Marine Mammal Protection Act...............................................................................3 The Endangered Species Act.............................................................................................4 Other Authorities...............................................................................................................6 III. SPECIES-SPECIFIC PROTECTION PROGRAMS ..................................7 Sirenians..............................................................................................................................7 Florida Manatee ........................................................................................................... 7 Antillean Manatee, Puerto Rico Population............................................................... 19 Sea Otters..........................................................................................................................20 Southern Sea Otter..................................................................................................... -
990 PART 23—ENDANGERED SPECIES CONVENTION Subpart A—Introduction
Pt. 23 50 CFR Ch. I (10–1–01 Edition) Service agent, or other game law en- 23.36 Schedule of public meetings and no- forcement officer free and unrestricted tices. access over the premises on which such 23.37 Federal agency consultation. operations have been or are being con- 23.38 Modifications of procedures and nego- ducted; and shall furnish promptly to tiating positions. such officer whatever information he 23.39 Notice of availability of official re- may require concerning such oper- port. ations. Subpart E—Scientific Authority Advice (c) The authority to take golden ea- [Reserved] gles under a depredations control order issued pursuant to this subpart D only Subpart F—Export of Certain Species authorizes the taking of golden eagles when necessary to seasonally protect 23.51 American ginseng (Panax domesticated flocks and herds, and all quinquefolius). such birds taken must be reported and 23.52 Bobcat (Lynx rufus). turned over to a local Bureau Agent. 23.53 River otter (Lontra canadensis). 23.54 Lynx (Lynx canadensis). 23.55 Gray wolf (Canis lupus). PART 23—ENDANGERED SPECIES 23.56 Brown bear (Ursus arctos). CONVENTION 23.57 American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis). Subpart A—Introduction AUTHORITY: Convention on International Sec. Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna 23.1 Purpose of regulations. and Flora, 27 U.S.T. 1087; and Endangered 23.2 Scope of regulations. Species Act of 1973, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 23.3 Definitions. 1531 et seq. 23.4 Parties to the Convention. SOURCE: 42 FR 10465, Feb. 22, 1977, unless Subpart B—Prohibitions, Permits and otherwise noted. -
The Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses
The Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses harbor seals California sea lions The word pinniped means fin-footed, and refers to the marine mammals that have front and hind flippers. These include the seals, sea lions, and walruses. Most of these animals live in the ocean but are able to come on land for long periods of time. Millions of years ago, the ancestors of pinnipeds lived on land. These were probably weasel or bear-like animals that spent more and more time in the ocean, and eventually adapted to this marine environment. There are three families of pinnipeds: phocids, otariids, and odobenids, and each of them is a little different. One family is the true seals (phocids). There are many different kinds of true seals, but you can always recognize them by looking at their ears and flippers. True seals have ear holes, but no external ear flaps. They also have small flippers and move on land by flopping along on their bellies. At sea, they move their rear flippers back and forth like a fish’s tail to power themselves along. Two of the true seal species that live in the Pacific Ocean are the harbor seal and the northern elephant seal. Even though they are both true seals, they are very different. Harbor seals have spotted fur and tend to stay near shore. Males and females are about the same size, reaching a maximum of 300 pounds (140 kg). Northern elephant seals are grayish and tan in color, only come onshore to mate, give birth, and molt (shed) their fur. -
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Treaty
ARTICLE I ENDANGERED SPECIES ARTICLE II(4) CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA The Contracting States, RECOGNIZING that wild fauna and flora in their many beautiful and varied forms are an irreplaceable part of the natural systems of the earth which must be protected for this and the generations to come; CONSCIOUS of the ever-growing value of wild fauna and flora from aesthetic, scientific, cultural, recreational and economic points of view; RECOGNIZING that peoples and States are and should be the best protectors of their own wild fauna and flora; RECOGNIZING, in addition, that international cooperation is essential for the protection of certain species of wild fauna and flora against over-exploitation through international trade; CONVINCED of the urgency of taking appropriate measures to this end; HAVE AGREED as follows: ARTICLE I DEFINITIONS For the purpose of the present Convention, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) "Species" means any species, subspecies, or geographically separate population thereof; (b) "Specimen" means: (i) any animal or plant, whether alive or dead; (ii) in the case of an animal: for species included in Appendices I and II, any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof; and for species included in Appendix III, any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof specified in Appendices III in relation to the species; and (iii) in the case of a plant: for species included in Appendix I, any readily recognizable part or derivative thereof; and for species -
University of California Santa Cruz Fur Versus Blubber: A
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ FUR VERSUS BLUBBER: A COMPARATIVE LOOK AT MARINE MAMMAL INSULATION AND ITS METABOLIC AND BEHAVIORAL CONSEQUENCES A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY by Heather Elizabeth Mostman Liwanag December 2008 The dissertation of Heather Elizabeth Mostman Liwanag is approved: _________________________________ Professor Terrie M. Williams, Chair _________________________________ Professor Daniel P. Costa _________________________________ Professor Annalisa Berta _________________________________ Lisa C. Sloan Vice Provost and Dean of Graduate Studies Copyright © by Heather Elizabeth Mostman Liwanag 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS page LIST OF FIGURES………………………………………………………………….vii LIST OF TABLES…………………………………………………………………….x ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………….....xi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………………….xv INTRODUCTION Introduction……………………………………………………………………1 References……………………………………………………………………..7 CHAPTER 1. Morphological and thermal properties of mammalian insulation: implications for the evolutionary transition to an aquatic lifestyle. Abstract………………………………………………………………………11 Introduction…………………………………………………………………..12 Materials and Methods……………………………………………………….14 Fur and Blubber Sampling…………………………………………...14 Fur Characteristics…………………………………………………...15 Blubber Characteristics………………………………………………20 Thermal Conductivity………………………………………………..23 Statistical Analyses…………………………………………………..25 Results………………………………………………………………………..26 -
A Trans-Holocene Archaeological Record of Guadalupe Fur Seals (Arctocephalus Townsendi) on the California Coast
MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, 25(2): 487–502 (April 2009) No claim to original US government works DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-7692.2008.00273.x A trans-Holocene archaeological record of Guadalupe fur seals (Arctocephalus townsendi) on the California coast TORBEN C. RICK Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] ROBERT L. DELONG National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, NOAA, Bldg. 4, 7600 Sand Point Way N.E., Seattle, Washington 98115, U.S.A. JON M. ERLANDSON Department of Anthropology, and Museum of Natural and Cultural History, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1218, U.S.A. TODD J. BRAJE Department of Anthropology, Humboldt State University, Arcata, California 95521, U.S.A. TERRY L. JONES Social Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, U.S.A. DOUGLAS J. KENNETT Department of Anthropology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1218, U.S.A. THOMAS A. WAKE Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1510, U.S.A. PHILLIP L. WALKER Department of Anthropology, University of California, Santa Barbra, California 93106-3210, U.S.A. 487 488 MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE, VOL. 25, NO. 2, 2009 Guadalupe fur seals (Arctocephalus townsendi) were decimated by 19th century com- mercial sealers in the northeastern Pacific and thought to be extinct until 1928 when commercial fishermen caught two adult males at Isla de Guadalupe from a group of up to 60 adults and pups (Wedgeforth 1928, Huey 1930). These two animals were brought to the San Diego Zoo, prompting several zoological expeditions to Isla de Guadalupe in the 1930s and 1940s, but none successfully located Guadalupe fur seals. -
Mixed-Species Exhibits with Seals and Walrus
MIXED-SPECIES EXHIBITS WITH CARNIVORANS VI. Mixed-species exhibits with Eared Seals (Otariidae), Walrus (Odobenidae) and Earless Seals (Phocidae) Written by KRISZTIÁN SVÁBIK Assistant Curator, Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden, Hungary Email: [email protected] 13th November 2018 Refreshed: 6th June 2020 Cover photo © Krisztián Svábik Mixed-species exhibits with Eared Seals (Otariidae), Walrus (Odobenidae) and Earless Seals (Phocidae) 1 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 4 „Temporary” combinations ..................................................................................... 5 LIST OF SPECIES COMBINATIONS – OTARIIDAE .................................................... 8 California Sea Lion, Zalophus californianus .......................................................... 9 South American Sea Lion, Otaria byronia ............................................................10 Australian Sea Lion, Neophoca cinerea ................................................................ 11 Steller Sea Lion, Eumetopias jubatus .................................................................... 12 Northern Fur Seal, Callorhinus ursinus ................................................................ 13 South American Fur Seal, Arctocephalus australis .............................................. 14 Afro-Australian Fur Seal, Arctocephalus pusillus ................................................. 15 New Zealand Fur Seal, Arctocephalus forsteri -
May 16, 2011 Federal Trade Commission Office of the Secretary
May 16, 2011 Federal Trade Commission Office of the Secretary, Room H–113 (Annex O) 600 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20580 RE: Advance Notice of Proposed Rulemaking under the Fur Products Labeling Act; Matter No. P074201 On behalf of the more than 11 million members and supporters of The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS), I submit the following comments to be considered regarding the Federal Trade Commission’s (FTC) advance notice of proposed rulemaking under the federal Fur Products Labeling Act (FPLA), 16 U.S.C. § 69, et seq. The rulemaking is being proposed in response to the Truth in Fur Labeling Act (TFLA), Public Law 111–113, enacted in December 2010, which eliminates the de minimis value exemption from the FPLA, 16 U.S.C. § 69(d), and directs the FTC to initiate a review of the Fur Products Name Guide, 16 C.F.R. 301.0. Thus, the FTC indicated in its notice that it is specifically seeking comment on the Name Guide, though the agency is also generally seeking comment on its fur rules in their entirety. As discussed below, the HSUS believes that there is a continuing need for the fur rules and for more active enforcement of these rules by the FTC. The purpose of the FPLA and the fur rules is to ensure that consumers receive truthful and accurate information about the fur content of the products they are purchasing. Unfortunately, sales of unlabeled and mislabeled fur garments, and inaccurate or misleading advertising of fur garments, remain all too common occurrences in today’s marketplace.