Silviculture and the Conservation of Genetic Resources for Sustainable Forest Management
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Effective Population Size and Genetic Conservation Criteria for Bull Trout
North American Journal of Fisheries Management 21:756±764, 2001 q Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2001 Effective Population Size and Genetic Conservation Criteria for Bull Trout B. E. RIEMAN* U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 316 East Myrtle, Boise, Idaho 83702, USA F. W. A LLENDORF Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA Abstract.ÐEffective population size (Ne) is an important concept in the management of threatened species like bull trout Salvelinus con¯uentus. General guidelines suggest that effective population sizes of 50 or 500 are essential to minimize inbreeding effects or maintain adaptive genetic variation, respectively. Although Ne strongly depends on census population size, it also depends on demographic and life history characteristics that complicate any estimates. This is an especially dif®cult problem for species like bull trout, which have overlapping generations; biologists may monitor annual population number but lack more detailed information on demographic population structure or life history. We used a generalized, age-structured simulation model to relate Ne to adult numbers under a range of life histories and other conditions characteristic of bull trout populations. Effective population size varied strongly with the effects of the demographic and environmental variation included in our simulations. Our most realistic estimates of Ne were between about 0.5 and 1.0 times the mean number of adults spawning annually. We conclude that cautious long-term management goals for bull trout populations should include an average of at least 1,000 adults spawning each year. Where local populations are too small, managers should seek to conserve a collection of interconnected populations that is at least large enough in total to meet this minimum. -
Genome-Wide Characterization of Simple Sequence Repeats in Pyrus
Xue et al. BMC Genomics (2018) 19:473 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-018-4822-7 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Genome-wide characterization of simple sequence repeats in Pyrus bretschneideri and their application in an analysis of genetic diversity in pear Huabai Xue1,2†, Pujuan Zhang1†, Ting Shi1, Jian Yang2, Long Wang2, Suke Wang2, Yanli Su2, Huirong Zhang2, Yushan Qiao1* and Xiugen Li2* Abstract Background: Pear (Pyrus spp.) is an economically important temperate fruit tree worldwide. In the past decade, significant progress has been made in pear molecular genetics based on DNA research, but the number of molecular markers is still quite limited, which hardly satisfies the increasing needs of geneticists and breeders. Results: In this study, a total of 156,396 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci were identified from a genome sequence of Pyrus bretschneideri ‘Dangshansuli’. A total of 101,694 pairs of SSR primers were designed from the SSR loci, and 80,415 of the SSR loci were successfully located on 17 linkage groups (LGs). A total of 534 primer pairs were synthesized and preliminarily screened in four pear cultivars, and of these, 332 primer pairs were selected as clear, stable, and polymorphic SSR markers. Eighteen polymorphic SSR markers were randomly selected from the 332 polymorphic SSR markers in order to perform a further analysis of the genetic diversity among 44 pear cultivars. The 14 European pears and their hybrid materials were clustered into one group (European pear group); 29 Asian pear cultivars were clustered into one group (Asian pear group); and the Zangli pear cultivar ‘Deqinli’ from Yunnan Province, China, was grouped in an independent group, which suggested that the cultivar ‘Deqinli’ is a distinct and valuable germplasm resource. -
Conservation and Management of Forest
Journal of Tropical Forest Science 11(1):286-302 (1999) CONSERVATIO MANAGEMEND NAN FORESF TO T GENETIC RESOURCES Christel Palmberg-Lerche Forest Resources Development Service, Forest Resources Division, FAO, Rome, Italy Received June 1998___________________________________________________ PALMBERG-LERCHE, C. 1999. Conservation and management of forest genetic resources papee .Th r reviews available strategie conservatione th r sfo , management, enhancemen sustainabld an t e utilisatio foresf no t genetic resources linkagee th d ,an s of genetic conservation with the management of forests, tree improvement and breeding. International co-operation, co-ordination of efforts and possible future strategies of action are briefly mentioned. The paper concludes that efforts to conserv enhancd ean e forest genetic resource present-dar sfo futurd yan e uses must e "tripod basee th b n f do managemeno " protectef o t d areas managemene th , f o t productive forests, and the management of breeding populations. It stresses that the key to success will lie in the development of programmes which harmonise conservatio sustainabld nan e utilisatio foresf no t genetic resources withi mosaina f co lan optionse dus , includin gstrona g elemen activf to e gene management. Key words: Forest biological diversit y- fores t genetic resource - sconservatio f no forest genetic resources - tree improvement - forest seed procurement - sustainable forest management PALMBERG-LERCHE, C. 1999. Pemuliharaan dan pengurusan sumber-sumber genetik hutan. Artike mengulai lin s mengenai strategi yan baga gad i pemuliharaan, pengurusan, peningkatan dan penggunaan secara berkekalan sumber-sumber genetik hutan, serta kaitan pemuliharaan genetik dengan pengurusan hutan, pembaikan pokok dan pembiakbaikan pokok. Kerjasama antarabangsa, penyelarasan usaha dan strategi tindakan pada masa hadapan juga dinyatakan secara ringkas. -
Noble Hardwoods Network
EUROPEAN FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES PROGRAMME (EUFORGEN) Noble Hardwoods Network Report of the second meeting 22-25 March 1997 Lourizan, Spain J. Turok, E. Collin, B. Demesure, G. Eriksson, J. Kleinschmit, M. Rusanen and R. Stephan, compilers ii NOBLE HARDWOODS NETWORK: SECOND MEETING The International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRl) is an autonomous international scientific organization, supported by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR). IPGRl's mandate is to advance the conservation and use of plant genetic resources for the benefit of present and future generations. IPGRl's headquarters is based in Rome, Italy, with offices in another 14 countries worldwide. It operates through three programmes: (1) the Plant Genetic Resources Programme, (2) the CGIAR Genetic Resources Support Programme, and (3) the International Network for the Improvement of Banana and Plantain (INIBAP). The international status of IPGRl is conferred under an Establishment Agreement which, by January 1998, had been signed and ratified by the Governments of Algeria, Australia, Belgium, Benin, Bolivia, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chile, China, Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Greece, Guinea, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Iran, Israel, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Morocco, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Senegal, Slovak Republic, Sudan, Switzerland, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda and Ukraine. Financial support for the Research Agenda of -
Species Knowledge Review: Shrill Carder Bee Bombus Sylvarum in England and Wales
Species Knowledge Review: Shrill carder bee Bombus sylvarum in England and Wales Editors: Sam Page, Richard Comont, Sinead Lynch, and Vicky Wilkins. Bombus sylvarum, Nashenden Down nature reserve, Rochester (Kent Wildlife Trust) (Photo credit: Dave Watson) Executive summary This report aims to pull together current knowledge of the Shrill carder bee Bombus sylvarum in the UK. It is a working document, with a view to this information being reviewed and added when needed (current version updated Oct 2019). Special thanks to the group of experts who have reviewed and commented on earlier versions of this report. Much of the current knowledge on Bombus sylvarum builds on extensive work carried out by the Bumblebee Working Group and Hymettus in the 1990s and early 2000s. Since then, there have been a few key studies such as genetic research by Ellis et al (2006), Stuart Connop’s PhD thesis (2007), and a series of CCW surveys and reports carried out across the Welsh populations between 2000 and 2013. Distribution and abundance Records indicate that the Shrill carder bee Bombus sylvarum was historically widespread across southern England and Welsh lowland and coastal regions, with more localised records in central and northern England. The second half of the 20th Century saw a major range retraction for the species, with a mixed picture post-2000. Metapopulations of B. sylvarum are now limited to five key areas across the UK: In England these are the Thames Estuary and Somerset; in South Wales these are the Gwent Levels, Kenfig–Port Talbot, and south Pembrokeshire. The Thames Estuary and Gwent Levels populations appear to be the largest and most abundant, whereas the Somerset population exists at a very low population density, the Kenfig population is small and restricted. -
Genetic Resources: the Key to Adaptation of Forests to Climate
GENETIC RESOURCES THE KEY TO ADAPTATION OF FORESTS TO CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCE-TO-POLICY EVENT BRUSSELS, 13 DECEMBER 2019 - RADISSON RED HOTEL, RUE D'IDALIE 35 The aim of this event is to present and discuss the relevance and implications of recent research findings and guidelines for policy and practice. The main focus is the role of forest biodiversity, in particular tree species and genetic diversity for the adaptation of forests to climate change. BACKGROUND Global environmental and land-use changes have considerable and long-lasting impact on forests in Europe, modifying the functioning of forest ecosystems and species interactions, thereby affecting the provision of ecosystem services. Trees are long-lived organisms and thus individual trees and tree populations need to withstand significant and rapid environmental changes over their life span and across generations. The capacity of European forests to adapt to such changes, and to continue to provide essential ecosystem services to the society, depends largely on their diversity at species and intraspecific level. Several ongoing transnational research and implementation initiatives examine the state and resilience of forests under unprecedented global changes. Their findings provide substantial information for existing EU regulatory frameworks and enable to derive new policy recommendations. AGENDA 8.45 - 9.30 - Registration and welcome coffee 9.30 - 10.30 - Presentations of recent findings from the four EU research projects on the conservation and sustainable use of forests and -
Annual Report
1998Annual Report International Plant Genetic Resources Institute Improving conservation strategies and technologies Understanding the extent and distribution of diversity; supporting collecting of genetic resources; improving ex situ and in situ conservation and developing integrated approaches Increasing the use of plant genetic resources Improving methods of using ex situ conserved germplasm; supporting conservation through use; supporting increased use of diversity in production Managing and communicating information Improving germplasm documentation; supporting SINGER and the Musa germplasm information system; providing technical information; increasing public awareness Addressing socioeconomic and policy issues Determining links between diversity and socioeconomic factors; meeting gender concerns and increasing participation; valuing genetic resources; supporting improved policy-making Conserving and using specific crops Supporting work on Musa (through the INIBAP programme), coconut and cocoa; improving conserva- tion of neglected and underused species; conserving wild relatives of crops Conserving and using forest genetic resources Conserving intraspecific diversity through sustainable use; supporting network development; improv- ing ex situ conservation techniques Working with networks Supporting established regional, crop and thematic networks and helping to develop new ones to strengthen international collaboration Strengthening national systems Supporting improved germplasm management strategies and technologies; providing -
RSPB CENTRE for CONSERVATION SCIENCE RSPB CENTRE for CONSERVATION SCIENCE Where Science Comes to Life
RSPB CENTRE FOR CONSERVATION SCIENCE RSPB CENTRE FOR CONSERVATION SCIENCE Where science comes to life Contents Knowing 2 Introducing the RSPB Centre for Conservation Science and an explanation of how and why the RSPB does science. A decade of science at the RSPB 9 A selection of ten case studies of great science from the RSPB over the last decade: 01 Species monitoring and the State of Nature 02 Farmland biodiversity and wildlife-friendly farming schemes 03 Conservation science in the uplands 04 Pinewood ecology and management 05 Predation and lowland breeding wading birds 06 Persecution of raptors 07 Seabird tracking 08 Saving the critically endangered sociable lapwing 09 Saving South Asia's vultures from extinction 10 RSPB science supports global site-based conservation Spotlight on our experts 51 Meet some of the team and find out what it is like to be a conservation scientist at the RSPB. Funding and partnerships 63 List of funders, partners and PhD students whom we have worked with over the last decade. Chris Gomersall (rspb-images.com) Conservation rooted in know ledge Introduction from Dr David W. Gibbons Welcome to the RSPB Centre for Conservation The Centre does not have a single, physical Head of RSPB Centre for Conservation Science Science. This new initiative, launched in location. Our scientists will continue to work from February 2014, will showcase, promote and a range of RSPB’s addresses, be that at our UK build the RSPB’s scientific programme, helping HQ in Sandy, at RSPB Scotland’s HQ in Edinburgh, us to discover solutions to 21st century or at a range of other addresses in the UK and conservation problems. -
ISTH Couverture 6.6.2012 10:21 Page 1 ISTH Couverture 6.6.2012 10:21 Page 2 ISTH Couverture 6.6.2012 10:21 Page 3 ISTH Couverture 6.6.2012 10:21 Page 4
ISTH Couverture 6.6.2012 10:21 Page 1 ISTH Couverture 6.6.2012 10:21 Page 2 ISTH Couverture 6.6.2012 10:21 Page 3 ISTH Couverture 6.6.2012 10:21 Page 4 ISTH 2012 11.6.2012 14:46 Page 1 Table of Contents 3 Welcome Message from the Meeting President 3 Welcome Message from ISTH Council Chairman 4 Welcome Message from SSC Chairman 5 Committees 7 ISTH Future Meetings Calendar 8 Meeting Sponsors 9 Awards and Grants 2012 12 General Information 20 Programme at a Glance 21 Day by Day Scientific Schedule & Programme 22 Detailed Programme Tuesday, 26 June 2012 25 Detailed Programme Wednesday, 27 June 2012 33 Detailed Programme Thursday, 28 June 2012 44 Detailed Programme Friday, 29 June 2012 56 Detailed Programme Saturday, 30 June 2012 68 Hot Topics Schedule 71 ePoster Sessions 97 Sponsor & Exhibitor Profiles 110 Exhibition Floor Plan 111 Congress Centre Floor Plan www.isth.org ISTH 2012 11.6.2012 14:46 Page 2 ISTH 2012 11.6.2012 14:46 Page 3 WelcomeCommittees Messages Message from the ISTH SSC 2012 Message from the ISTH Meeting President Chairman of Council Messages Dear Colleagues and Friends, Dear Colleagues and Friends, We warmly welcome you to the elcome It is my distinct privilege to welcome W Scientific and Standardization Com- you to Liverpool for our 2012 SSC mittee (SSC) meeting of the Inter- meeting. national Society on Thrombosis and Dr. Cheng-Hock Toh and his col- Haemostasis (ISTH) at Liverpool’s leagues have set up a great Pro- UNESCO World Heritage Centre waterfront! gramme aiming at making our off-congress year As setting standards is fundamental to all quality meeting especially attractive for our participants. -
FOREST BIODIVERSITY Earth’S Living Treasure
OLOGIC OR BI AL DI Y F VER DA SI L TY A 2 N 2 IO M T a A y N 2 R 0 E 1 T 1 N I FOREST BIODIVERSITY Earth’s Living Treasure INTERNATIONAL DAY FOR BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY 22 May 2011 FOREST BIODIVERSITY Earth’s Living Treasure Published by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. ISBN: 92-9225-298-4 Copyright © 2010, Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views reported in this publication do not necessarily represent those of the Convention on Biological Diversity. This publication may be reproduced for educational or non-profit purposes without special permission from the copyright holders, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. The Secretariat of the Convention would appreciate receiving a copy of any publications that use this document as a source. Citation: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity (2010). Forest Biodiversity—Earth’s Living Treasure. Montreal, 48 pages. For further information, please contact: Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity World Trade Centre 413 St. Jacques Street, Suite 800 Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2Y 1N9 Phone: 1 (514) 288 2220 Fax: 1 (514) 288 6588 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cbd.int Design & typesetting: Em Dash Design Cover illustration: Cover illustration: Untitled, 2010. -
Åäãíàâëäàâ Êöéàéç 2017 Íóï 9
ISSN 2074-9848 e-ISSN 2310-0532 ÅÄãíàâëäàâ êÖÉàéç 2017 íÓÏ 9 № 2 ä‡ÎËÌËÌ„ð‡‰ àÁ‰‡ÚÂθÒÚ‚Ó Å‡ÎÚËÈÒÍÓ„Ó Ù‰Âð‡Î¸ÌÓ„Ó ÛÌË‚ÂðÒËÚÂÚ‡ ËÏÂÌË àÏχÌÛË· ä‡ÌÚ‡ 2017 1 БАЛТИЙСКИЙ Редакционная коллегия РЕГИОН А. П. Клемешев, д-р полит. наук, проф., ректор БФУ им. И. Кан- та — главный редактор (Россия); Г. М. Федоров, д-р геогр. 2017 наук, проф., директор Института природопользования, терри- ториального развития и градостроительства, БФУ им. И. Кан- Том 9 та — зам. главного редактора (Россия); Й. фон Браун, дирек- тор Центра изучения развития, проф., Боннский университет № 2 (Германия); И. М. Бусыгина, д-р полит. наук, проф. кафедры сравнительной политологии, МГИМО (У) МИД РФ (Россия); Калининград : В. В. Воронов, д-р социол. наук, ведущий исследователь Инсти- тута социальных исследований, Даугавпилсский универси- Изд-во БФУ тет (Латвия); А. Г. Дружинин, д-р геогр. наук, директор Севе- им. И. Канта, 2017. ро-Кавказского научно-исследовательского института экономи- 185 с. ческих и социальный проблем, ЮФУ (Россия); М. В. Ильин, д-р полит. наук, проф. кафедры сравнительной политологии, Журнал основан МГИМО (У) МИД РФ (Россия); П. Йонниеми, старший науч- в 2009 году ный сотрудник, Карельский институт, Университет Восточ- ной Финляндии (Финляндия); Н. В. Каледин, канд. геогр. наук, Периодичность: доц., зав. каф. региональной политики и политической гео- графии, СПбГУ (Россия); В. А. Колосов, д-р геогр. наук, проф., 4 номера в год зав. лабораторией геополитических исследований, Институт на русском географии РАН (Россия); Г. В. Кретинин, д-р ист. наук, проф., и английском языках Институт гуманитарных наук, БФУ им. И. Канта (Россия); К. Люхто, проф., директор Пан-Европейского института выс- Учредители: шей школы экономики, Университет г. -
Saving Seeds: Optimally Planning Our Ex Situ Conservation Collections to Ensure Species' Evolutionary Potential1
Gene Conservation of Tree Species—Banking on the Future Saving Seeds: Optimally Planning Our Ex Situ Conservation Collections to Ensure Species' 1 Evolutionary Potential Sean M. Hoban2,3 In the face of ongoing environmental change, conservation and natural resource agencies are initiating or expanding ex situ seed collections from natural plant populations. Seed collections have many uses, including in provenance trials, breeding programs, seed orchards, gene banks for long-term conservation (live plants or seeds), restoration, reforestation, and scientific study of plant germination or other plant ecology studies. Well-known examples of ex situ collections include the Millennium Seed Bank Partnership, Australian Seed Bank Partnership, United Kingdom National Tree Seed Program, United States National Plant Germplasm System, and South African Regional Seed Bank. Some collections focus on rare species, species with relevance to agriculture or forestry, or regional flora. Other collections are in response to immediate threats, such as damaging insects and pathogens (e.g., emerald ash borer). In this talk I will discuss how to sample seeds to most optimally conserve the evolutionary potential of a species to ensure its long-term survival. A useful seed collection captures as much phenotypic and genetic diversity from natural populations as possible. Choices for a collector include how many populations, maternal plants, and seeds per plant to collect. A collector wishes to achieve efficiency—to not waste limited time, resources, personnel, and storage space, but also to achieve effectiveness—to be as complete as possible in case important genetic variants are lost from natural populations. In a series of papers starting in 1975, Brown and Marshall (1975) proposed some solutions to this general sampling problem.