A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of Arts of Ottawa University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts
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Solving the “Indian Problem”
© 2011 D‟Arcy Rheault Solving the “Indian Problem” Assimilation Laws, Practices & Indian Residential Schools D’Arcy Rheault 1842 1844 The 1910 “History of Canada” text book for Ontario Public - The Bagot Commission report (named for Sir Schools taught young Canadians that: Charles Bagot, Governor General of British North America) proposed federally run Indian residential “All Indians were superstitious, having strange ideas about schools as a good tool for separating children from their nature. They thought that birds, beasts...were like men. Thus parents and forcing Aboriginal peoples away from their an Indian has been known to make a long speech of apology to a wounded bear. Such were the people whom the pioneers traditional life. It also mandated that individuals carry of our own race found lording it over the North American only one legal status (e.g., Indian or citizen) thus continent – this untamed savage of the forest who could not disenfranchising most Indian and Métis people in bring himself to submit to the restraints of European life.” Canada by forcing British citizenship upon them and completely erasing tribal identity and nationality.. First missionary operated schools established near Indian Affairs Superintendent, P. G. Anderson, in 1846, Quebec City, 1620-1629 at the General Council of Indian Chiefs and Principle Men in Orillia, Ontario stated “... In 1830 jurisdiction over "Indian" matters was it is because you do not feel, or transferred from the military authorities to the civilian know the value of education; you governors of both Lower and Upper Canada. would not give up your idle roving habits, to enable your children to 1831 , Mohawk Indian Residential School opens in receive instruction. -
Duncan Campbell Scott - Poems
Classic Poetry Series Duncan Campbell Scott - poems - Publication Date: 2012 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive Duncan Campbell Scott(2 August 1862 – 19 December 1947) Duncan Campbell Scott was a Canadian poet and prose writer. With <a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/charles-g-d-roberts/">Charles G.D. Roberts</a>, <a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/bliss-carman/">Bliss Carman</a> and <a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/archibald- lampman/">Archibald Lampman</a>, he is classed as one of Canada's Confederation Poets. Scott was also a Canadian lifetime civil servant who served as deputy superintendent of the Department of Indian Affairs from 1913 to 1932, and is "best known" today for "advocating the assimilation of Canada’s First Nations peoples" in that capacity. <b>Life</b> Scott was born in Ottawa, Ontario, the son of Rev. William Scott and Janet MacCallum. He was educated at Stanstead Wesleyan Academy. Early in life, he became an accomplished pianist. Scott wanted to be a doctor, but family finances were precarious, so in 1879 he joined the federal civil service. As the story goes, "William Scott might not have money [but] he had connections in high places. Among his acquaintances was the prime minister, Sir John A. Macdonald, who agreed to meet with Duncan. As chance would have it, when Duncan arrived for his interview, the prime minister had a memo on his desk from the Indian Branch of the Department of the Interior asking for a temporary copying clerk. Making a quick decision while the serious young applicant waited in front of him, Macdonald wrote across the request: 'Approved. -
Dr. Peter Henderson Bryce: a Story of Courage July 2016
Dr. Peter Henderson Bryce: A Story of Courage July 2016 conditions within the schools and the incredible number of child deaths Introduction (Milloy, 1999). After inspecting these schools, Dr. Bryce wrote his 1907 “Report on the Dr. Peter Henderson Bryce was a Canadian doctor and a leader in the Indian Schools of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories” which is field of Public Health at the turn of the 20th century. He wrote Canada’s commonly known as “The Bryce Report”. Dr. Bryce used a survey to first Health Code for the province of Ontario in 1884. He later served as gather information from school principals about the health history of president of the American Public Health Association and was a founding children in these schools, and he reported: member of the Canadian Public Health Association (FNCFCS, 2016). Dr. Bryce was also a member of the Canadian Association for the It suffices for us to know… that of a total of 1,537 pupils reported upon Prevention of Tuberculosis, which was his area of expertise (Truth and nearly 25 per cent are dead, of one school with an absolutely accurate Reconciliation Commission, 2015). Today, 100 years after his career as statement, 69 per cent of ex-pupils are dead, and that everywhere the a doctor, Dr. Peter Henderson Bryce is most recognized for his almost invariable cause of death given is tuberculosis (Bryce, 1907, persistence in advocating for better health conditions for Aboriginal p.18). children living in Indian Residential Schools (Bryce, 2012). Further evidence from Dr. Bryce’s inspections suggested that the In 1904, after years of work in Public Health, Dr. -
ROBERT BURNS and FRIENDS Essays by W. Ormiston Roy Fellows Presented to G
University of South Carolina Scholar Commons Robert Burns and Friends Robert Burns Collections 1-1-2012 ROBERT BURNS AND FRIENDS essays by W. Ormiston Roy Fellows presented to G. Ross Roy Patrick G. Scott University of South Carolina - Columbia, [email protected] Kenneth Simpson See next page for additional authors Publication Info 2012, pages 1-192. © The onC tributors, 2012 All rights reserved Printed and distributed by CreateSpace https://www.createspace.com/900002089 Editorial contact address: Patrick Scott, c/o Irvin Department of Rare Books & Special Collections, University of South Carolina Libraries, 1322 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, U.S.A. ISBN 978-1-4392-7097-4 Scott, P., Simpson, K., eds. (2012). Robert Burns & Friends essays by W. Ormiston Roy Fellows presented to G. Ross Roy. P. Scott & K. Simpson (Eds.). Columbia, SC: Scottish Literature Series, 2012. This Book - Full Text is brought to you by the Robert Burns Collections at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Robert Burns and Friends by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Author(s) Patrick G. Scott, Kenneth Simpson, Carol Mcguirk, Corey E. Andrews, R. D. S. Jack, Gerard Carruthers, Kirsteen McCue, Fred Freeman, Valentina Bold, David Robb, Douglas S. Mack, Edward J. Cowan, Marco Fazzini, Thomas Keith, and Justin Mellette This book - full text is available at Scholar Commons: https://scholarcommons.sc.edu/burns_friends/1 ROBERT BURNS AND FRIENDS essays by W. Ormiston Roy Fellows presented to G. Ross Roy G. Ross Roy as Doctor of Letters, honoris causa June 17, 2009 “The rank is but the guinea’s stamp, The Man’s the gowd for a’ that._” ROBERT BURNS AND FRIENDS essays by W. -
The Portraits of William Wilfred Campbell
Our Sponsors 6th Annual William Wilfred Campbell Poetry Festival The Portraits of RE/MAX GREY BRUCE REALTY William Wilfred Campbell Thanks to the following donors: Dr. Murray and Ruth Cathcart, Toronto Mike and Val Popjoy, Wiarton and others Special Thank you to Allison Billings, Artist - Facilitator of Youth Portrait Workshop Participation from the Bluewater District School Board “He reminds us that to have the gifts of such fire, and to voice it The Wiarton Propeller Club and Meeting Place for worthy causes, is a noble and rare thing. Some causes may The WWC Festival Directors, Committee and Partners pass their time, and literary fashions come and go, but we can Cliff Bilyea, Evelyn Newbould, Caleb Hull, Pam Crawford, Victor Last, Harriet still remember and celebrate the voice.” Maconaghie, Paul Conway, and the Bruce County Library - Wiarton - Paul Conway, Voyageur Storytelling www.williamwilfredcampbellpoetryfestival.ca June 23, 2019 William Wilfred Campbell, 1861-1918 Introduction In his lifetime, Wiarton-raised Wilfred Campbell was an internationally famous poet. At The Campbells Are Coming played by Steve Wolfe his death in Ottawa where he was working as a Civil Servant, he was lauded as Canada’s Unofficial Poet Laureate, Poet Laureate of the Lakes and as one of seven Welcome - Chair, Cliff Bilyea noted Confederation Poets. Recognition of Artwork He began writing published poetry at age 14 and went on to publish five volumes of his ‘The Story of William Wilfred Campbell’ poetry, five historical novels, ten dramatic plays and three non-fiction books. by Paul Conway, Voyageur Storytelling The University of Aberdeen, Scotland conferred upon him an honorary Doctor of Laws degree. -
Canadian Poets and the Great Tradition
CANADIAN POETS AND THE GREAT TRADITION Sandra Djwa IIN. THE BEGINNING, as Francis Bacon observes, "God Al- mightie first Planted a Garden ... the Greatest Refreshment to the Spirits of Man."1 It is this lost garden of Eden metamorphosed into the Promised Land, the Hesperides, the El Dorado and the Golden Fleece which dominates some of the sixteenth and seventeenth century accounts of the New World reported in Richard Hakluyt's Principal Navigations, Voyages, Trafiques and Discoveries of the English Nation (i 598-1600) and the subsequent Purchas His Pilgrimes (1625). References to what is now Canada are considerably more restrained than are the eulogies to Nova Spania and Virginia; nonetheless there is a faint Edenic strain in the early reports of the first British settlement in the New World. John Guy implemented the first Royal Patent for settlement at Cupar's Cove, Newfoundland in 1610, a settlement inspired by Bacon and supported by King James, who observed that the plantation of this colony was "a matter and action well beseeming a Christian King, to make true use of that which God from the beginning created for mankind" (Purchas, XIX). Sir Richard Whitbourne's "A Relation of the New-found-land" (1618) continues in the same Edenic vein as he describes Newfoundland as "the fruitful wombe of the earth" : Then have you there faire Strawberries red and white, and as faire Raspasse berrie, and Gooseberries, as there be in England; as also multitudes of Bilberries, which are called by some Whortes, and many other delicate Berries (which I cannot name) in great abundance. -
“The Wreck of the Julie Plante” and Its Offspring
Fall–Winter 2016 Volume 42: 3–4 The Journal of New York Folklore “The Wreck of the Julie Plante” and Its Offspring What’s Your Watershed? Folklore and the Environment Hello, Hannah! NYFS’ Upstate Regional Rep Puerto Rican & Garifuna Drums Democratizing the Folk Arts Workplace American Public Folklore In Nanjing From the Director From the Editor According to New “Save the Date,” and join us at the Castellani Thirty years ago I began York State’s Office of Art Museum of Niagara University. Details my first consultant job New Americans, one will be posted on our website, www.nyfolklore. as a folklorist in upstate in four New York State org. New York. adults of working age The New York Folklore Society, in col- Crandall Library want- are foreign born and laboration with Green Worker Cooperatives ed to expand their bud- almost one-third of (GWC), hosted the second in a series of ding Folk Arts Program New York’s business workshops on October 23, in Brooklyn, on and agreed with the folks owners are immigrants. Our state’s diversity “Democratizing the Folk Arts Workplace: at the New York State Council on the Arts provides a tapestry of colors and patterns of Forming a Worker-Owned Cooperative” that a young folklorist working and studying culture, language, and arts that enriches us all. with GWC’s Ileia Burgos. You can read in Washington, DC, could breathe new life Although New York City has been histori- about both workshops in this issue in a into their program. cally the destination for immigrants, Upstate report from NYFS’s NYC Regional Repre- I was to conduct a Folk Arts Survey of New York has most recently benefitted from sentative Eileen Condon. -
Frederick George Scott - Poems
Classic Poetry Series Frederick George Scott - poems - Publication Date: 2012 Publisher: Poemhunter.com - The World's Poetry Archive Frederick George Scott(7 April 1861 – 19 January 1944) Frederick George Scott was a Canadian poet and author, known as the Poet of the Laurentians. He is sometimes associated with Canada's Confederation Poets, a group that included <a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/sir-charles-gd- roberts/">Charles G.D. Roberts</a> , <a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/bliss-william-carman/">Bliss William Carman</a>, <a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/archibald- lampman/">Archibald Lampman</a>, and <a href="http://www.poemhunter.com/duncan-campbell-scott/"> Duncan Campbell Scott</a> . Scott published 13 books of Christian and patriotic poetry. Scott was a British imperialist who wrote many hymns to the British Empire—eulogizing his country's roles in the Boer Wars and World War I. Many of his poems use the natural world symbolically to convey deeper spiritual meaning. Frederick George Scott was the father of poet F. R. Scott. <b>Life</b> Frederick George Scott was born 7 April 1861 in Montreal, Canada. He received a B.A. from Bishop's College, Lennoxville, Quebec, in 1881, and an M.A. in 1884. He studied theology at King's College, London in 1882, but was refused ordination in the Anglican Church of Canada for his Anglo-Catholic beliefs. In 1884 he became a deacon. In 1886 he was ordained an Anglican priest at Coggeshall, Essex. He served first at Drummondville, Quebec, and then in Quebec City, where he became rector of St. -
INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL of DECADENCE STUDIES Issue 1 Spring 2018 Hierophants of Decadence: Bliss Carman and Arthur Symons Rita
INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL OF DECADENCE STUDIES Issue 1 Spring 2018 Hierophants of Decadence: Bliss Carman and Arthur Symons Rita Dirks ISSN: 2515-0073 Date of Acceptance: 1 June 2018 Date of Publication: 21 June 2018 Citation: Rita Dirks, ‘Hierophants of Decadence: Bliss Carman and Arthur Symons’, Volupté: Interdisciplinary Journal of Decadence Studies, 1 (2018), 35-55. volupte.gold.ac.uk This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Hierophants of Decadence: Bliss Carman and Arthur Symons Rita Dirks Ambrose University Canada has never produced a major man of letters whose work gave a violent shock to the sensibilities of Puritans. There was some worry about Carman, who had certain qualities of the fin de siècle poet, but how mildly he expressed his queer longings! (E. K. Brown) Decadence came to Canada softly, almost imperceptibly, in the 1880s, when the Confederation poet Bliss Carman published his first poems and met the English chronicler and leading poet of Decadence, Arthur Symons. The event of Decadence has gone largely unnoticed in Canada; there is no equivalent to David Weir’s Decadent Culture in the United States: Art and Literature Against the American Grain (2008), as perhaps has been the fate of Decadence elsewhere. As a literary movement it has been, until a recent slew of publications on British Decadence, relegated to a transitional or threshold period. As Jason David Hall and Alex Murray write: ‘It is common practice to read [...] decadence as an interstitial moment in literary history, the initial “falling away” from high Victorian literary values and forms before the bona fide novelty of modernism asserted itself’.1 This article is, in part, an attempt to bring Canadian Decadence into focus out of its liminal state/space, and to establish Bliss Carman as the representative Canadian Decadent. -
Lorne Pierce, Ryerson Press, and the Lmakters of Canadian Literature Series
Lorne Pierce, Ryerson Press, and The lMakters of Canadian Literature Series Margery Fee Probably every university library in Canada has, scattered through its Cana- dian Literatuire section, most of the thirteen blue and gold volumes of Ryer- son Press's Makers of Canadian Literature series.' It is just as probable that some of these volumes rarely leave the shelves: who is likely to want a book on Robert Norwood, Arthur Stringer, or Peter McArthur today? Charles G.D. Roberts, Isabella Valancy Crawford, and Stephen Leacock are still widely taught, but the canon has shifted away from William Henry Drum- mond, Thomas Haliburton, William Kirby, and even John Richardson. Louis Fréchette, Frangois-Xavier Garneau, and Antoine G6rin-Lajoie are all impor- tant figures in Quebec history, but none is now claimed as a great poet or novelist. Still, the history of the series is of interest to bibliographers, anti- qluarian book dealers, and literary historians. Lately, critical attention has turned to such matters as the economics of literary production, the history of the audience's 'reception' of particular works, the formation of national canons, and the description of the institutions connected with any special- ized discourse. The history of the Makers of Canadian Literature series touches on all these matters. The series can by no means be described as an unequivocal success: it failed financially, and some of its volumes are uncritical and badly written. Still, other volumes are readable and makte good critical sense. And the mere process of preparing the series generated, uncovered, and preserved a great deal of information about Canada's early literary history that, while it remains to be fully exploited, will undoubtedly be useful to both scholars and critics. -
Built Heritage Sub-Committee / Sous-Comité Du Patrimoine Bâti April 14, 2016 / 14 Avril 2016
1 Report to Rapport au: Built Heritage Sub-Committee / Sous-comité du patrimoine bâti April 14, 2016 / 14 avril 2016 and / et Planning Committee / Comité de l'urbanisme April 26, 2016 / 26 avril 2016 and Council / et au Conseil May 11, 2016 / 11 mai 2016 Submitted on March 23, 2016 Soumis le 23 mars 2016 Submitted by Soumis par: John L. Moser, Acting Deputy City Manager / Directeur municipal adjoint par intérim, Planning and Infrastructure / Urbanisme et Infrastructure Contact Person Personne ressource: Lee Ann Snedden, Acting Chief / Chef par intérim, Development Review Services / Services d’Examen des projets d'aménagement, Planning and Growth Management / Urbanisme et Gestion de la croissance (613) 580-2424, 25779, [email protected] Report Author / Auteur du rapport: Lesley Collins, Planner II / Urbaniste II, Development Review Services / Services d’Examen des projets d’aménagement, Heritage Services Section / Section des Services du Patrimoine (613) 580-2424, 21586, [email protected] 2 Ward: COLLEGE (8) / COLLÈGE (8) File Number: ACS2016-PAI-PGM-0080 SUBJECT: Designation of Kilmorie, 21 Withrow Avenue, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act OBJET: Désignation de Kilmorie, 21, avenue Withrow, en vertu de la partie IV de la Loi sur le patrimoine de l’Ontario REPORT RECOMMENDATION That the Built Heritage Sub-Committee recommend that Planning Committee recommend that Council issue a Notice of Intention to Designate Kilmorie, 21 Withrow Avenue, under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act according to the Statement of Cultural Heritage Value attached as Document 5. RECOMMANDATION DU RAPPORT Que le Sous-comité du patrimoine bâti recommande au Comité de l’urbanisme de recommander à son tour au Conseil d’émettre un avis d’intention de désigner Kilmorie, au 21, avenue Withrow en vertu de la partie IV de la Loi sur le patrimoine de l’Ontario et conformément à la déclaration de valeur sur le plan du patrimoine culturel faisant l’objet du document 5. -
Sustaining Cultural Genocide—A Look at Indigenous Children in Non-Indigenous Placement and the Place of Judicial Decision Making—A Canadian Example
laws Commentary Sustaining Cultural Genocide—A Look at Indigenous Children in Non-Indigenous Placement and the Place of Judicial Decision Making—A Canadian Example Peter Choate 1,* , Roy Bear Chief 1, Desi Lindstrom 2 and Brandy CrazyBull 2 1 Department of Child Studies and Social Work, Mount Royal University, 4825 Mount Royal Gate SW, Calgary, AB T3E 6K6, Canada; [email protected] 2 Faculty of Social Work, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada; [email protected] (D.L.); [email protected] (B.C.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission has called upon Canada to engage in a process of reconciliation with the Indigenous peoples of Canada. Child Welfare is a specific focus of their Calls to Action. In this article, we look at the methods in which discontinuing colonization means challenging legal precedents as well as the types of evidence presented. A prime example is the ongoing deference to the Supreme Court of Canada decision in Racine v Woods which imposes Euro- centric understandings of attachment theory, which is further entrenched through the neurobiological view of raising children. There are competing forces observed in the Ontario decision on the Sixties Scoop, Brown v Canada, which has detailed the harm inflicted when colonial focused assimilation is at the heart of child welfare practice. The carillon of change is also heard in a series of decisions from the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal in response to complaints from the First Nations Child and Family Caring Society of Canada and the Assembly of First Nations regarding systemic bias in Citation: Choate, Peter, Roy Bear child welfare services for First Nations children living on reserves.